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1372 ckESp?f r*FvmESpfqef;wpf&ufaeY 1372 ES ]] zl;prf;ygapyGifhvef;apawmh}} owavmu? Moumoavmu? ]]tnrn}} jzpfpOf? wl,SOfESpfyg;? w&m;ocFg&? ]]jzpfysuf}}rSvQif? igqifjcifrd/ pMu0Vm? urmwnfvm? vGefpGmvSy? b0tusKd;ay;? &Snfa0;oHo&m? BuD;jrwfygbd? rSmcspfzG,f? wG,fwG,fwmwm? jyKpk&mrS? obm0t&if;tjrpf? vGefESpfoufrd? pJGNidoHa,mZOf? jrifjriforQ? umv&xm;? jzwfausmfoGm;Mu? cPrjcm;? a&GUvsm;oGm;ckduf? BuHKBudKufMuNyD? ]]olwnf&Sd? ig&Sdvm&? jzpforQukd? tusKd;vkdrd? BuD;onfharwm? ukPmESifh rk'dwmyGm;? w&m;opm? Nidrf;csrf;ompG/}} wifvSaus;Zl;? rxdefjrL;csif? taumif;jrifckduf? &ifyDwd? &&Scpm;? ]]todrsm;}} vQi?f rQa0csir?d d H f ]]avmuwpfcGif? tvSqifzkdY? vlvQify"me? jyXmef;Mu? cspfwwfaphcsif? wpfcGifavmu? jzpforQukd? igwkdYBudKvkdY? jyKpkpkdYav? zl;ap yGifhap? rQa0w&m;? vkdvm;tusKd;? o,fykd;aqmif,l? ololigig? ]]tarGygMu}}? avmuurm? zHGYNzdK;vmap? wkd;wufapzkdY? zl;prf;ygap? yGifhvef;apawmh/ Nidrf;csrf;OD;

1372- Happy New year ''Let Bud and Bloom''

The world of sentient beings, The world of nature, These two worlds exit in inter- rela tion. They are subject to the law of change I happened to contemplate about arising and disappearance. The universe came about in splendour and beauty, Life in the universe in beneficial, Samsara in long and great. There, everything in lovable, attachment thus arises. all nautural resources are desirable . Everything seem is attached, Yet, the chariot of time passes by All these things. Time moves on, not a moment lapses. In a flitting moment man meets man. Because he is, thus I am, So long as he and I remain alive, Mutual benefit is desired. Mutual love and sympathy thrive. Faithful to each other what a peaceful life is it. Debt of gratitude I openly admit, With positive outlook and pleasant feeling in heart, I want share knowledge and senses with him. To beautify the world man matters most. So I wish everyone learn the art of love. Let us welcome whatever arises in this world. Everybody is inherited with the spirit of altruism. Let us share this spirit. Let the world progress and develope. Let every flower bud and bloom. Nyein Chan Oo

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Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

vIdifMunfjzL"r0D&pmaywkduf zkef;- 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rkd;aumif;uifpmay? trSwf(134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufwHwm;NrdKUe,f? &efukefNrdKUY/ zkef;-01-253255 xGef;OD;pmay(rEav;) zkef; 02-39801

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EDITORIAL
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FORE ARTICLES

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ukd;ykH av;oG,f uG,fykH ig;yg; (6)

o'raZmwdu"Z? b'EZedEom& (rkH&GmaeZm)
onf u m; "r o &P*k H a Mumih f 'k * w d tyg,fbkHrS vGwfuif;jcif;jzpf\/ todPftm;aumif;aom ukokdvf tukodkvfw&m;ukd cGJjcm;odjrifaomvlom; pifppftaejzihf "rw&m;emMum;&bdrl r*fayguf zkv0if? edAmefuojd rifci&&SEiMf u ayvdrrnf/ d f dk G fh d dk hf tcsKyf q k d & aomf wm0wd H o mrS ewfom;ig;&mwkdYonf ewfoufwrf;twkdif;ae xkiMf uNy;D vljY ynfoa&muf&cMhJ uonf/ om0wd d Ydk dS jynfom; trsKd;aumif;om;rsm;jzpfoGm;MuNyD; tcseweft&G,a&muf vlvm;ajrmufNy;D aemuf d f f ydkif;wGif t&Sifom&dykwrax&fjrwfxH wynhfcH um &[ef;jyKMuonf/ tbd"rw&m;rsm;ukd txl;jyKvsuf avhusufoiftHMu&m tbd"rm aqmif &[ef;awmfrsm;jzpfcJhMuavownf;/ zm;uav;wpf a umif o nf v nf ; EGm;ajc&muGuf a&tkipyfwi&ae\/ tkipyfu d f G f dS d f zm;uav;onf Ak'bk&m;&Sif\ "roHpOfukd em;qif v suf & S d \ / zm;uav;onf trIrJhtrSwfrJh arhavsmhpGmraebJ w&m;oHukd em;axmifae pOf ol\tem;oka&mufvmaom Yd EGm;ausmif;\ EGm;duwwEiwjH zihf zdawmuf k f k f S f vkdufjcif;ukd cHvkduf&onf/ emusifvkdufonhf jzpfjcif;? xkdESifwH'Pf&mjzihfyif zm;uav; toufaysmufoGm;&&Smonf/ olonfvnf; w&m;oHukdemcH&if; tmkHaumif;jzihf b0ajymif;&avaomaMumifh ewfjynfokdYa&muf&SdoGm;cJhavonf/ r@Ku a'0yk w - zm;ewf o m;[l a omtrnf j zih f a'oemawmfwGif rSwfwrf;wifum xif&Sm;pGm &Sdaeav\/ onfwkdYum; w&m;&wem[laom "ro&P*kHaMumihf w&m;aMumihf 'k*wdb0rS vGwfajrmuf ok*wdb0okdYa&muf&SdoGm;jcif; om"ursm;jzpfonf/ w&m;u u,fwifjcif; jzpfavonf/ w&m;&wemwnf ; [l a om "r o&P*kH\aus;Zl;yifjzpfonf/ w&m;u u,f ojzihf t[dww&pmefrsm;yif tyg,fb'*wrS f d Hk k d vGwajrmufyrsm;jzpfonf/ tyg,fvwajrmuf f Hk G f ewfjynfwnf;[laom ok*wdboa&muf&om; Hk Ydk dS G Muaom om"uawGrsm;pGm&Sdayonf/ odomkH rQ azmfjyvkdufjcif;jzpfonf/ oHCm&wem[kqkdtyfaom oHC o&P*ku u,fwifvuaom taMumif;t&m H dk f rsm;vnf ; rsm;pG m &S d a yonf / xif & S m ;aom om"urSm armifykPwkdYZeD;armifESHjzpfonf/ vufvkyfvufpm; v,fxGeform; ukdykPukd eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;&mrS xvm awmfrlaom t&Sifom&dykw&[Emrax&fjrwf BuD;u olaX;jzpfatmifu,fwifcJhonf/ wpfaeYaomeHeufcif; v,fxGefvm aom ukyPj rifomaom ae&mwGif t&Sijf rwf d k Bu;D a&muf&aeonf/ eHeufcif;jzpf rsuEmopf dS f S a&vkdtyfaMumif;od&SdoGm;aom ukdykPonf t&Sifom&dykwrax&fBuD;tm; rsufESmopfa& uyfvSLvkdufonf/ NyD;awmh 'efylpm;&ef ]'efyl} ukdvnf; uyfvSLonf/ ]'efyl} [lonf xifom jrifomatmifq&aomf oGm;Mum;xk;d wHjzpfonf/ dk 'efylonf wpfzufcRef wpfzufjym;jzpfonf/ oGm;Mum;xkd;Ekdifonf/ oGm;rsm;ukywwuEionf/ &[ef;awmfrsm;\ d G f kd f dk f tokH;taqmifwpfrsKd;jzpf\/ (txuftnm a'orsm;wGif ZD;om;ESihf wrmom;? wrmkd; rsm;ukd 'efylvkyfavh&Sd\/) aeonf xef;yifrsm;ay:a&mufaeay NyD/ ]aexef;wpfzsm;} [k aus;vufaev,f,m orm;rsm; ajymqkdavh&Sd\/ ukyP\ZeD; (rbm&dw)vnf; xrif; d k ydkYvmaeygNyD/ vifa,musfm;ukd csD;ajrmufNyD;aom t&S i f j rwf B uD ; onf r,m;jzpf o l u k d v nf ; u,fwifcs;D ajrmufvojzihf r,fbm&dw vm&m dk vrf;twkdif; <ujref;vsuf&Sdonf/ (bk&m;&SifESihf wuG &[EmocifwkdYonf eda&m"ormywfukd 0ifpm;&mrS xvmawmfrlcsdefwGif u,fcRwf &rnfh a0ae,sukd &SmazGMunhfIawmf rlavh &S d M uonf / ed a &m"ormywf r S x vmaom yk*Kdvf&Sdckd;MunfnKd ylaZmfvSL'gef;&onf&Sdaomf aumif ; usKd ; csrf ; om tjzmjzmuk d v nf ;

bk&m;&Siwnf;[laom Ak'o&P*kudk f H tmk H , l M unf n Kd a omuk o d k v f p d w f j zih f y|uk@vDonf wm0wd Homewfom;jzpfoGm; cJh\/ Ak'bk&m;&Sifu,fwifrIaMumihf tyg,f qif;&J'k*wd ab;rSuif;a0;oGm;cJh&onf/ Ak' o&P*kH onf ok*wdac: ewfbkHokdYa&muf &SdapEkdifaMumif; wifjycJhNyD/ "ro&P*kHac: w&m;awmfu u,f wifay;ojzihf t[dwfwd&pmefb0 ok*wdewf jynfokdY a&mufoGm;ykHtaMumif;rsm;ukd a&;om; azmfjyygrnf/ xif&Sm;aomom"uwpfckrSm t&Sif om&dykw\wynfhrsm;jzpfMuaom tbd"rm aqmif&[ef;ig;&m/ &[ef;ig;&mwkdYonf wpfckaomb0 wGif vif;Edig;&mjzpfcMhJ uonf/ vkP*Bl u;D wpfck Yk d f wGif aexkdifMuonf/ xkdpOf &[ef;t&Sifjrwf ESpfyg;wdkYonf xkdvkdPf*lxJwGif tbd"rmw&m; awmfrsm;ukd &GwfyGm;o&Zm,fawmfrlMuav\/ &[ef;ESpyg;wk\ w&m;tbd"rmukd emcH &aom f Yd uk o d k v f a Mumif h vif ; Ek d Y i g;&mwk d Y r S m aovGefaomtcg wm0wd HomewfjynfokdY a&muf & S d o G m ;Muum ewf o m;ig;&mjzpf o G m ; Muonf / t[d w f wd & p m ef a wG y if j zpf M u aomfvnf; ]]toHum; om,memaysmz,"r f G f toHwnf;? MunfEl;zG,faumif;ygbd}}? rQ avmuf a omtod u av;rQjzih f ok * wd b k H b0ewfjynfokdY a&muf&SdcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ vufiif;csufcsif;&wwfay\/ csufcsif; vufiif;'d|"rtusKd;ay;Ekdifaom taMumif; t&mt*Fgav;csufwGif ]eda&m"ormywfrS xajrmuf a wmf r l v monh f t&S i f a umif ; t&S i f j rwf w k d Y t m; vS L 'gef ; &jcif ; onf v nf ; taMumif;wpf&yfyg0if\/ taMumif ; t*F g av;yg;wd k Y r S m - 1/ apwemor ' g- apwemok H ; wef E S i h f j ynh f p k H nDTwfjcif;/ 2/ yp,or'g- "r,v' ac: tmZD0 pifMu,fpGmjzihf &SmazG&&Sdvm aom yp n f ; 0w K jzpf j cif ; / 3/ yk * v or ' gwpfenf;0wKor'g tem*grf? &[Emyk*Kdvf jzpfjcif;ESihf 4/ eda&m"ormywf0ifpm; &mrS xvmqJjzpfjcif;wkdYjzpfavonf/ twkdcsKyfqkd&aomf xrif;vmykdYaom r,f b m&d w onf vif a wmf a rmif t wG u f wpfa,mufpmxrif;xkyudk t&Siom&dywtm; f f k vSLvkduf\/ xkdaeYu tdrfjyefNyD; xrif;xyfcsuf &ojzihf ukyP aejrifrxrif;pm;&\/ pdwawG d k h S f uvnf; wvIyfvIyf? tlxJuvnf; wMuKwf MuKwf j zpf a ecJ h o nf / v,f u ef o if ; tpyf opfyif&yrm vifr,m;ESpa,mufawGU Muaom d f S f tcg olYtvSL ukd,fhajym? ukd,fhtvSL olYukd ajymum tjyeftvSeom"kac:Muonf/ xrif; f pm;NyD ; aemuf uk d y k P u yif y ef ; orQuk d r,fbm&dw aygifay: acgif;arS;puftem; ,lonf/ tdyf&muEkd;awmh xl;qef;tHhMozG,f jrifuGif;ukd jrif&awmhonf/ olxGefxm;aom xGefom;xGefcJajrwkH;wkdYonf a&TwkH;a&TcJrsm; jzpfum v,fwpfuGif;vkH; 0if;0if;0gaeygawmh onf/ okdYjzihf qif;&Jom;v,fxGefpm;wJh ukyPwZeD;armifEonf aeYcsi;f ncsi;f olaX; d k Ykd HS vifr,m;jzpfoGm;cJhavownf;/ earm ormorK' b'EZedEom& (rkH&GmaeZm) tTef;-"ry' ig;&mig;q,fedygwfawmf

Ak'*Dwdum
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)

yudPu0*f - NyKd;>yrf;jcif;tkyfpk
twaem ykAur 0wK
Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf aZw0efausmif;awmf aeawmfrlaomtcg vGefavNyD;aomb0u wuokdvfjynf ocFygv ykPm;jzpfawmfrl ]]okoDr}} yapuAk'g\ apwD awmf jrufowoifjcif;? oJjzLcif;jcif;? yef; ylaZmfjcif;ukjd yKcaomaMumifh &mZN*Kd [jf ynfrS k f hJ rGwoyjf cif;ab;? tem;ab;? bDv;l ab; a&muf aom a0omvDjynfoYdk &weokwua[mjcif;iSm f d f dk <uawmfronfwif &Sp,Zem&Saomc&D; aiG tqif;&Saom oJucif; ykqpf';l uRepfrQ&dS aom l G f l d d dk H yef;arGU&mukcif;vsuf ra&wGuEiaom iSuaysmyifpujf cif;? &mZrwfumjcif;? xD;? wHce?f ukum; d f dk f f dk G pkujf cif;? wpf,ZemvQif wpfausmif; wpfausmif;aqmufvsuf Adrom&rif;\Ekii bk&m;&Sirm d l d d f H f S xD;jzLESpfvuf? &[Emig;&mrSm xD;jzL wpfvufpD? vdp0Drif;EkdifiH bk&m;&SifrSm xD;jzL av;vuf? &[Emig;&mrSm xD;jzLESpfvufpD? ausmif;awmfokdY jyef<uawmfrlaomtcg Adrdom& rif;EkdifiH bk&m;&SifrSm xD;jzL&Spfcsuf? &[Em ig;&mrSm xD;jzLav;csufpD ylaZmfjcif;? wpf,lZem us,faom **Fgjrpf vIi;f wHy;dk r&S/ MumrsK;d ig;yg; wkonf tjynhwif;usr;f qef;Mu,fpmyGijhf cif;? a&TavS? aiGavS? d d Yd f G ywjrm;avS ig;&mwkdYjzifh e*g;wkdY ylaZmfjcif;? ra&wGufEkdifaom ylaZmfou&wkdYjzifh ewfjA[mwkdY yl a Zmf j cif ; uk d &[ef ; wk d Y tH h M ocsD ; rG r f ; aeMuonf w G i f cspf o m;wk d Y igbk & m;onf a&S ; ocFygvykPm;jzpfpOfumv tenf;i,fjyKtyf aomukodkvfaMumifh rsm;pGmaomtusKd;jzpfvm \/ xkdYaMumifh BuD;us,faomcsrf;omukd tvdk&Sd aomolonf tenf;i,frQaom csrf;omukd pGefY&m\[k rdefYawmfrl ]]rwm okcy&dpma*g}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfrlonf/ rwm okcy&dpma*g? ya ap 0dykvH okcH/ paZ rwmokcH "da&m? orH 0dykvH okcH/ jrefrmuAsm csrf;omtenf;i,f pGefYy,fvkdYyif? BuD;us,fwkd;yGm; aumif;usKd;jrifvQif? csrf;omzGUHNzKd; wefzkd;odjrif? enf;i,frQ okcpGefYrnfyif/
If by giving up a slight happiness one may behold a larger one, let the wise person give up the lesser happiness in consideration for the greater happiness.

pum;ajy/ / tenf;i,faom csrf;omokcukd pGefYvTwfjcif;aMumihf (edAmeftus) BuD;us,fvS aom csrf;omokcukd odjrifvQif xkdBuD;us,fvS aom csrf;omokcukd qifjcifpOf;pm;rdaom ynm&Sdonf tenf;i,faomcsrf;omokcukd pGefY\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

ajE &ihfusufcsdef0,f
P(zs &SifP(zsmykH)
twGuf w&m;xl;&&ef tcsdefumvuvdkao; onf? tcsdefrusa&mufao;oltzdkY a`E&ihf usuf&ef rjzpfEkdifao;? xkdYaMumihf olw&m; tm;xkwavwdi;f ? arCd,\ tZwoEmefrm f k S tukovtBursm;omjzpf\/ yGm;Ny;D 0dyem kd f H Pfrsm;ay:rvmjcif;jzpf\/ xdktcsufudk arCd,u rod/ olYtxifrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;\ tvkyf tauR;&[ef;wpfyg;taeESihf jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;aom w&m;xl;rsm;udk emMum;cGifh &yg vQif t&d,opmudk xd;k xGi;f odjrifEivrrnf dk f d fh [k xifrSwfcJh\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;aom w&m;awmf r sm;ud k v nf ; ol B ud r f z ef r sm;pG m emMum;cGihf&cJhzl;\? okdYaomf arCd,twGuf xl;aomw&m;[l wpfyk'fwavyifryg/ trS e f t m;jzih f jrwf p G m bk & m; a[mMum;awmfrlaom w&m;awmfrsm;onf xl;oihfaomyk*dKvfrsm;twGufom xl;jcm;\/ a`E & ih f u suf o l r sm;tzd k Y ol w d k Y pd k u f E S i h f avsmfnDaom w&m;udk emMum;vkduf&vQif xdkw&m;awmfonf xl;aomw&m;yifjzpfav onf/ wjcm;olrsm;twGufawmh w&m;xl; r[kwf/ arCd,tzdkY t&d,opmudk xdk;xGif; NyD; od&SdEkdif&ef tcsdefu vdkaeao;onf? a`E &ihusucsef ra&mufao;aMumif; jrwfpmbk&m; f f d G odawmfrl\/ xdkYaMumihfvnf; bk&m;u rdrd\ tvkyftauR;jzpfaom arCd,udk &nf&G,f vsuf oD;oefYw&m;ra[mao;jcif;jzpf\/ arCd , um; onf E S , f o abmud k rod? jrwfpGmbk&m;udk wu,fMunfndKpdwfESihf omoemawmf &[ef;jyKNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; tvkyftauR;jyKqnf;uyfcJhol? odkYaomf olY twGuf xl;aomw&m;udkremMum;&aomtcg pdwf"mwfusum bk&m;udkpGefYcGmNyD; wdrdumvm jrpfurf;ajc&Sd o&ufO,smOfawmfrsm rdrbmom d wpfyg;wnf; w&m;tm;xkwf&ef pmvdum awmifay:ausmif;u xGufcGmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ arCd,\ pdwfrSmvnf; wdrdumvm o&uf pmrsufESm 9 okdY

ZEK&m 0ef;usirm&Sonfh wdrumvm G f S d d jrpfurf;ajc? oJaomifajray:pBuavQmufae pOf pdrf;pdkndKUrdIif;aeonfh o&ufO,smOfBuD;udk jrif&avaomtcg arCd,onf xdko&uf O,smOfwGif w&m;tm;xkwfvdkpdwfjzpfay:vm avonf/ odkYaomf olonf jrwfpGmbk&m; tvkyftauR;jyKae&ol? olYqEolYoabmudk udk,fydkifqHk;jzwfcsufcsr&? jrwfpGmbk&m;xH cGihfyefavQmufxm;&OD;rnfr[kwfygvm;.../ wd r d u mvm oJ a omif u rf ; ajcrS jrwfpGmbk&m; oDwif;oHk;awmfrl&m pmvdum awmifay:ausmif;qD? arCd,tvsiftjref jyef v nf a vQmuf v S r f ; vmcJ h \ / pmvd u m awmifay:ausmif;awmfa&mufonfEifh jrwfpm S G bk&m;udk &Sdcdk;uefawmhNyD;aemuf wdrdumvm jrpfurf;ajc&Sd o&ufO,smOfawmfwGif w&m; tm;xkwfvdkaom ol\ qEudkzGihf[avQmuf xm;vdkufonf/ ]]bkef;awmfBuD;awmfrlaom jrwfpGm bk & m; bk & m;wynh f a wmf t m; wd r d u mvm o&ufO,smOfawmfrm w&m;tm;xkw&ef cGijfh yK S f awmfrlygbk&m;}} jrwfpmbk&m;u wdrumvm jrpfurf; G d ajc&Sd o&ufO,smOfawmfESihf arCd,onf twdwfb0rsm;pGm qufoG,frI&SdaecJhonfudk

odawmfrlojzihf arCd,tm; wm;jrpfpum; rdefYMum;vdkufavonf/ ]]cspfom;arCd, oifonf igbk&m; \ tvkytauR; &[ef;jzpfonf/ oifom; vQif f G igbk&m; wpfyg;wnf;jzpfvdrhfrnf? xdkYaMumihf wpfjcm;&[ef;wpfyg; vmatmif apmihygOD;}} [k f jrwf p G m bk & m; rd e f Y M um;awmf r l vd k u f \ / jrwfpGmbk&m; wm;jrpfpum; rdefYqdk aomfvnf; arCd, olqEuravsmh 'kw, ajrmufquf Y kd d avQmufxm;NrJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m;uvnf; 'kwd,ajrmuf wm;jrpf p um;ud k o m rd e f Y M um;awmf r l o nf / od k Y a omf tpG J B uD ; aom arCd , uvnf ; ZG J a umif ; onf ? wwd , ajrmuf q uf v uf avQmuf x m;aejyef \ / wwd , tBud r f w G i f jrwfpGmbk&m;arCd,&[ef;udk rwm;jrpfawmh cGihfjyKawmfrlvdkufavonf/ arCd , onf yg&rD u H & S d o l yD y D jrwfpGmbk&m;omoem ppfrSefonfh ,HkMunfrI w&m;udk vufqkyfvufudkifjyKvsuf &[ef;b0 cH,co?l odaomf ,aeYumvtxd arCd, rSm l hJ Yk r*fPf&zdkY rqdkxm;ESihf 0dyemPfrsm; yifray:ao;/ onfvdkjzpf&onfrSm tcsdefuvnf; pum;ajymayonf/ pifppf arCd,onf &[ef;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

a*gwrAk'ESihf rif;wdkY\ avmuobm0"r jyemajz&Sif;enf;rsm; (1)

wuodkvfoQifoD&d("rmp&d,? B.A) aomf ta&twGuftm;jzihf a&TU rQ &Sd onf[k rajymjyEkdifavmufatmif rsm;pGmaom vlewfjA[mwdkY\ 'kwd,tBudrf opmav;yg; w&m;odjrif uRwfwrf;0ifjcif;jzpfvwHU/ ]]cspfom;om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf bk&m;jzpfNyD;aemuf wpfq,hfoHk;ESpfvGefajrmuf aomtcg om0wdjynftE0efawmtkyftwGif; ig\ om;awmfjzpfaom &m[kvm&[ef;i,f udk plV&m[kavm0g'okwefa'oemjzihf qHk;r acscRwfvwHU/ xdktcgvnf; ta&twGuf tm;jzihf a&GUrQ&Sd\[k rajymqdkEkdifavmuf atmif rsm;pGmaom ewfjA[mwdkY\ opmav; yg;w&m;odjrif uRwfwrf;0ifonfjzpfvwHI}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m vGefcJhaom wydkYwGJvjynhfaeY igbk&m;\ om0utpnf; ta0;Bu;D wpfBurjf zpfcavNy/ xdtpnf;ta0; d hJ D k (1250)ukefaom tmoa0gukefcrf; &[Em wdkY\ pka0;rdjcif;onfjzpfcJhavNyD/ ]cspfom;om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf vnf; a&S;a&S;aemifawmf aemifawmfbk&m;&Sif wdkYenf;wlyif tqHk;r&Sdaom bk&m;&Sif\ to a&awmfjzihf wifhw,fawmfrlum udavom tnpftaMu; uif;a0;awmfrlvsuf &[ef; oHCmtv,f wihfw,fpGmwnfum tvdk cyfodrf; ay;pGrf;Ekdifaom pdEmrPdywjrm; &wemBuD;uJhodkY vlewf jA[mow0gwkdY\ yefxm awmihwtyfonfh cyfor;f aom avmuD G f d avmukw&mcsrf;omta&;udk ay;awmfrl\} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf zd k v f a v;yg;ud k vd k v m;awmih f w Mu? b0 wPSmudk y,fpGefYvdkMuaom vl? ewf? jA[m ow0gwdkYtm; arwma&SUxm; oem;apmihf a&Smufojzihf zdkvfav;yg;&&ef b0wPSmudk y,f p G e f Y z d k Y & ef trS e f a v;yg; op m w&m;ud k xif&Sm;odapa[m`rGufcJhavNyD}} ]]cspf o m;om&d y k w & m igbk & m;\ opmav;yg; a'oemjzihf ow0gwdkY\ tusKd; udk onfydk;aqmif&Guf&m tcsKdUaom w&m; yGJrsm;rSm wpfaomif;aom ow0gponfwdkY\ opmav;yg; w&m;odjrifuRwfwrf;0ifjcif;jzpf avNyD;? wpfa,muf ESpfa,mufponfwdkY\

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/ ]]cspfom; om&dykw&migbk&m;onf oltdk olem olao &[ef;wnf;[laom edrdwf BuD;av;yg;wdkYudkjrif u@ujrif;,mOfudk pD;vsuf awmxGufawmfrlcJhavNyD? vl&Sifra&m aES m Ok a 0Vawm0,f ajcmuf E S p f y wf v H k ; vlomrefwdkYjyK&ef cJ,Of;onfh y"metusihfudk usihfBuHBudK;ukwftm;xkwfcJhavNyD/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf Am&mPoDjynf odywe rd*'g0kefawm "rpMumw&m;udk a[mtyfcJhavNyD/ igbk&m; um; cyfodrf;aom ow0gwkdY\ udk;uG,f&m EG,fvm0Ho bGJUemrum; a*gwrbk&m;rnfay \}} ]]cspf o m;om&d y k w & m igbk & m;\ t*om0utpHwum; aumvdw&[ef; (t&Sif k Ykd arm*vmef)? Oywd&[ef;(t&Sifom&dykw &m) ESpfyg;jzpfukef\/ igbk&m;\ teD;tyg; ESpfaygif;(20)ausmf tNrJcpm; vkyfauR;jyKpk aom Oy|mu &[ef;um; tmeEmtrnf&Sd\/ jrwfaomwynhfr t*om0du tpHkwdkYum; acrmax&D Oy v 0Pf a x&D bd u K eD r ESpfOD;wdkYjzpf ukef\/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;\ jrwfaomtvkyftauR; 'g,umOygoumwdkY um; (aumovwdkif; rpdum o@NrdKUae) pdw ol<u,fESihf (tmV0Djynf tmV0Drif;BuD;\om;) [w m V0u oD w if ; onf w d k Y j zpf u k e f \ ? jrwfaomtvkyftauR; 'g,dum Oygodumr wdkYum; (&mZN*dK[fjynf? 'udP*D&dZeyk'f? a0VK u@uNrdKUol tem*grfwnfol)eErmwm Oyg odumrESihf (aumordjynf aCmouolaX;\ uRer0rf;0,f oaEwnfvsuf t&G,a&mufu f f omrm0wDrz&m;xH tapcHaom aomwmyef d k t&d,m yd#uwfoHk;yHkaqmif {w'*f& ckZKw& OygodumrwdkYjzpfMuukef\/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf anmifA'a[yif&if;tajc jrwfaomt&[w k r*fPfodkY a&mufcJhNyD; igbk&m;\ udk,fawmf ta&mif o nf xuf 0 ef ; usif t awmif (80)t&yf tcgcyfodrf; xGef;vif;awmufy ae\/ igbk&m;onf (16)awmif t&yfjrifh awmfrl\}} ]]cspom; om&dyw&m ,cktcg vlwYkd f k ouf w rf ; um; tenf ; i,f r Q tES p f w pf & m om&Sd\/ igbk&m;onf tm,kuyf\ ig;yHk av;yHk(tESpf 80) umvywfvHk;wnfvsuf rsm;pGmaom a0ae,staygif;udk oH&mwnf;[l aom ork'&mrS edAmefwnf;[laom Munf;ukef xufodkY u,fwifayvwftHh/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf vnf; aemufaESmif;olwYkd opmav;yg;w&m;udk odjrifEi&ef w&m;wnf;[laom rD;SL;wefaqmif dk f udk pduaxmifxm;cJNh y;D rMumrDyif wynh&[ef; k f f taygif ; ES i h f w uG rD ; pmuk e f j cif ; aMumih f rD;awmufBu;D Nir;f ouJoYdk ukoemHk vlbyif d h d Y kH y&dedAmefpH0ifcsKyfNidrf; Zmwfodrf;ygavvwHh/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;\ xd k t wk r &S d a om wef c d k ; awmf w d k Y o nf v nf ; aumif;? udk,fawmf tm;q,fyg;wdkYonf vnf;aumif;? oHk;q,fESpfyg;aom a,musfm; jrwfwdkY\ vuPmawmfBuD;wdkYjzihf IcsifzG,f qef;Mu,fpGmaom tom"m&P Pfawmf ajcmufyg;? 'oAvPfawmfq,fyg;ponfh *kPfaus;Zl;udk jzL;jzL;jrihfacgif aqmifEkdifaom a&TawmifEIef;avsmf udk,fawmfonfvnf; aumi;f? a&mifjcnfawmf ajcmufyg;wdkYonf vnf;aumif;? a&mifjcnfwpfaxmif tvif; aqmifaom aerif;yrmt&yfq,frsuEmwdukd f S Yk xGef;vif;awmufyap xdktvHk;pHkwdkYonf ysufpD;uG,faysmufMuayvdrhfrnf/}} ]]cspom; om&dyw&m ouf&dS oufrhJ f k OHk tvH;k pHaom ocFg&w&m;wdonf edponf k Yk okctESpf? twtESpfr&Sd? tcsnf; ESD;wdkYom r[kwfwHkavm? odkYjzpf&um; ocFg& w&m;wdkY vu P ma&;oH k ; yg;wif u m 0d y emw&m;yG m ;rsm; tm;xk w f M u ed A m ef o d k Y qd k u f a &muf a tmif usih f a qmif B ud K ;uk w f tm;xkwfMuavmh/}} um; oif c spf o m;wd k Y t wG u f igbk&m;wdkY\ tqHk;tr tEkomoeaywnf;? igbk&m;wd\ tqH;k trudk tyrm'w&m;jzihf Yk jynhfpHkatmif tm;xkwfMuavmh/}} (qufvufazmfjyygrnf) usrf;ukd;- r[mAk'0ifusrf;

opm av;yg; w&m;odjrifuRwwrf;0ifjcif;um; f *Pef;tm;jzihf ra&wGufEdkifay/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m avmu omuD0ifrif;rsKd;rS &[ef;jyKcJhaom igbk&m;\ omoemonf jA[m? ewf? vlYbHkoHk;&yf0,f jyefus,vsuf ow0grsm;udk ydi;f jcm;odjriftyf Y f k um vGepm0ajym pnfyifyivif; oef&i;f onf f G G fh Y S jzpfvwHU}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;udk tmoa0guGm&Sif; &m*uif;ukefvsuf Nidrf;at; aom pd w f E S v H k ; &S d M uuk e f a om avNid r f h & m ndxGef;aom qDrD;yHkcsdef wnfNidrfaom orm"d &SdMuukefaom t&mru rsm;vSpGmaom &[ef; tvHk;pHkwdkYonf tcgcyfodrf;0ef;usif ywfNcH&H Muukef\/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m ,ck igbk&m; vufxufawmftcg tMuif&[ef;wdkYonf t&[wzdkvfodkY ra&mufMuukefbJ odum oH;k yg;udk usiBfh uqJ aouy*Kd vjf zpfMuukevsuf H k f vlYb0udk pGefY&ukef\/ xdk&[ef;udk ynm&SifwdkY uJh&JUjypfwiftyfukef\/}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m t&d,mwdkY vrf;aMumif; aumif;jrwfaom t|*ur*fudk ESpvtm;&cs;D rGr;f Muukevsuf aeYnOfqufum f kd f h tcgcyfodrf; w&m; arGUavsmfMuaom owd &Sdonfh yk*dKvfwdkYonf oHo&mwnf;[laom ork'&mudk tenf;i,frQjzihf ul;oGm;Muum opmav;yg; w&m;odjrif uRwfwrf;0ifMuukef vwHU}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;\ zGm;&m jynfawmfomonf uydv0wftrnf&\ dS crnf ; awmf r if ; onf ok a ' g 'etrnf & S d \ ? igbk&m;\ arG;r,fawmfudk rm,ma'0D[l ac:qdktyf\}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m igbk&m;onf (29)ESpfwdkYywfvHk; uydv0wf a&Teef;awmfudk ydkifpdk;tkyfcsKyfcJhavNyD/ ig\ pHeef;awmfrsm;um; bHk(9)qifh&Sdonfh &rrnfaom aqmif;&moD pHeef;awmfbHk (5)qihf&Sdonfh ok&rrnfaom aEG&moDpeef;awmf&b(7)qih&onfh okbrnf H dS kH f dS aom rdk;&moDpHeef;awmf pHeef;awmf(3) aqmifwdkYjzpf\}} ]]cspfom; om&dykw&m xD;eef;pdk;tkyf rif;jyKvkyfpOf tvSjyifwefqmqiftyfMuonfh armif ; rrd H &H a &T a wmf t aygif ; wd k Y u m; av;aomif;wdkYjzpfukef\/ Muif,mawmfrdzk&m; Bu;D onf b'uem trnf&\? om;awmfum; dS &m[kvmtrnf&Sd\/}}

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ pmrsufESm 6 rS O,smOfawmf olonf t&d,opmudk xdk;xGif; odEkdifvdrhfrnf[laom tawG;tBuHrsm; vTrf;rdk; ae\/ o&ufO,smOfawmfa&mufonfESihf o&ufyifwpfyif\ ajc&if;&Sausmufzsmxuf d arCd,xdkifvdkufonf? xdkYaemuf ur|mef; w&m; pwif t m;xk w f a v\/ od k Y a omf arCd,\ tZwoEmef 0dyemw&m; awmfEifh pyf,Oaom tmHerwrsm;um; wpfpkH S S f k d d f wpfckrS xifrvm? umr0dwuf? Asmyg'0dwuf? 0d[d o0dwufponfh tukovtButpnfrsm; H dk f H omxifvmaeonf/ od k Y j zpf & onf r S m arCd , onf ,ckolw&m;tm;xkwfaeaom o&ufO,smOf awmfwi;f a&S;twdwumvu jynh&irif; b0 G f f S f jzihf b0aygif;ig;&mwdkifwdkif pdk;pHcJhzl;oljzpf\/ xdkpOfumvrsm;u jynhf&Sifrif;b0ESihf cHpm;? pHpm;cJhaom tmHkrsm;onf arCd,oEmef tpGJtvef;Oyg'geftaejzihf tpOfwpdkuf vdkuf ygcJhonf/ onfOyg'gefrsm;u r*fw&m;jzihf y,fowfjcif;rcH&ao;orQ? umvywfvHk; b0 oHo&mtqufquf vdkufygaeOD;rnf/ xdkuJhokdY vdkufygaeOD;rnfqdkaomf vnf; rodpdwftaersKd;jzihf vdkufygaejcif;om jzpfonf/ onfOyg'gefwdkY\ taESmifht,Suf ay;rIaMumihfvnf; ,ckarCd,w&m;tm;xkwf &mrSm 0dyemw&m;ESihf ywfoufaom tmHk edrwrsm; wpfpwpfcyif xifrvmbJ tukovf d f kH k dk tBuHtpnfrsm; olYpdwfudk vTrf;rdk;cH&jcif;jzpf onf/ tqd;k qH;k um; umr0dwufrsm;yif jzpf onf/ olae&m a'o rif;jzpfpOfu cHpm;pHpm;cJhaom umr*kPftmHkrsm;om xif vmae\/ uacsonfrav;rsm;? xD;jzLawmfrsm; rif ; ajrmuf w ef q mrsm; xif v maomtcg udavomtmHkumr*kPfESihf ywfoufonfh tawG ; tBuH r sm;om jzpf a y:vmawmh \ / wpfckaom b0 ae&m olrif;jzpfpOf? ol\ a&SUawmfarSmufoYkd oGi;f vmonfh olc;kd ESpa,muf f teuf wpfa,mufaom olcdk;udk ao'Pfay; cJhyHkrsm;xifjrifvmjyefonf/ tm;tvGefaumif;onfh pGJvef;jcif; jzihf pG,xm;aom twdwtmHrsm;udk arCd, J l f k y,fazsmufr&? w&m;IrSwfaepOf tvsOf; oihfovdk twdwftmHkrsm;u arCd,pdwf xifvmaeMu\/ ol\pdwwif xifvmaeaom f G umr0dwuf? Asmyg'0dwuf? 0d[d o0dwuf oH;k yg; H udk y,fazsmuf&ef oltrsK;d rsK;d BuKd ;pm;tm;xkwf \? odkYaomf oJxJoGefonfha&ES,fom/ ]Oyg'ge....yp,m...ba0g} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mawmfrljcif;aMumihf Oyg'gef w&m;wd k Y o nf ]yuwl y ed ,} owd j zih f aus;Zl;jyKwwf\/ xdkoabmudk arCd, trSef wu,fyif rodacs/ ,ckwrumvmjrpfurf;ajc d d &Sd o&ufO,smOfawmfonf arCd,twGuf twdwfumv b0aygif;ig;&mwdkifwdkif rif;jzpf pOfu awGUBuHKcHpm;cJh&aom twdwfu o&uf O,smOfawmftm; Oyg'gefpGJvef;aprIudk tjyif; txefEdI;qGaeavaomaMumihf ur|mef;w&m; tm;xkwaeaom arCd,\ oEmefrm 0dy f S emPfpOfwufrvmbJ? tukovtmHk edrwf kd f d rsm;om xifvmaejcif;jzpfonf/ onftcgrSm awmh arCd,vHkYvavQmhvdkuf&NyD? aemifwESihf twl aus;Zl;&Sif jrwfpGmbk&m;\ kyfyHkawmf olYrsuf0ef;xJrSm jrifa,mifvmavonf/ wdrdumvm o&ufO,smOfawmfukd ausmcdkif;vsuf pmvdumawmifay:ausmi;fodkY jyefvmcJhol arCd,onf jrwfpGmbk&m;a&SU awmfarSmufa&mufonfESihf OD;cs&Sdcdk;vdkufNyD; w&m;tm;xkwfpOf ol\ tawGUtBuHKjzpf&yf rsm;udk avQmufxm;awmfrlvdkuf\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]cspfom; arCd, qkdif;iHhOD; (tHk;) avmh? ,cktcg igbk&m;wpfyg;wnf;omjzpfae \/ tjcm;&[ef;wpfyg;yg;vmonfhwdkifatmif qkdif;iHhygOD;[k a[mMum;ygvsuf igbk&m;udk wpfyg;wnf;xm;cJhNyD; oifcspfom;onf o&uf O,smOfawmfodkYoGm;cJh\/ &[ef;rnfonfh pdw\ f tvdoY k d vdu&ef roifavsmacs? pdwuom rdr\ k k f h f f kd d tvdovuap&ef tm;xkwoih\}} k Ykd kd f f f ]]cspfom; arCd, pdwfonf tmHk ajcmufyg;wdkY ajy;oGm;wwf\/ tmHkwpfck wnf; MumMumraebJ vQyfay:avmfvnf wwf\? oihfavsmfaom tmHkwpfckwnf; wGif xm; r&ojzihf apmihfa&Smuf&ef cuf\/ roihfavsmfaom tmHkodkY roGm;a&mufEkdif atmif wm;jrpf&efvnf;cuf\/ av;orm; onf rd r d \ aumuf a eaom jrm;ud k rD ; Nrd K uf ajzmihatmifvyouJoY d k a,m*Dy*Kdvonf rdrd \ f kf h k f pdwuk d rdrtvdtwdi;f jzpfatmif jyKvyf &\ f d k k k &\}} ]]cspfom; arCd, a&rSq,f,laom ig;onf wzsyfzsyf vIyfouJhokdY xdkYtwl pdwf onf udavomrsm;udk y,fowf&eftwGuf umr*kPftmHkrsm;rS qGJ,l ur|mef;tmHk wifvuaomtcg wzsyzsyf vIy\? xdaMumihf dk f f f Yk

pdwfudk a&S;OD;pGm,Ofaus;atmif qHk;r&\}} ]]cspf o m; arCd , pd w f o nf ,Ofaus;vmonfESihftrQ csrf;omudk aqmif wwf\/ pdwfudk,Ofaus;atmif jyKvkyf&mwGif yxrOD ; pG m tmH k r sm;pd w f a&muf v mNyD ; xifatmifBudK;pm;&\/ xdkodkY BudK;pm;&mwGif pdwfonf a&xJrS ig;udk ukef;ay:okdY wifvkduf aomtcg zsyfzsyfvl;ouJhokdY zsyfzsyfvl;av\/ pdwfzsyfzsyfvl;jzpfjcif;[lonfrSm pdwfonf rdrd ae&m raebJ tmHkrsm;aemufodkY vSpfceJ vSpfceJ ajy;ajy; vkdufoGm;jcif;yifjzpf\}} ]]cspom; arCd, pdwukd rdrae&mrS f f d vSpceJajy;xGuom;Ny;D tmHrsm;aemufoY k drvduap&ef f f G k k f ]owd} jzihf apmihMf unh&\/ xdtcg pdwonf f k f tmHrsm;aemufoY k d rvduf awmhb?J tmHrsm;uom k k k om;pdwqoY k d OD;wduf vmav\/ xdtcg pdwuk d f D k k f ]orm0g,mr? orm owd? ormorm"d} [laom orm"dr*ifoHk;yg; wdkYjzihf txdkuftavsmuf xde;f csKyEiNfy[q& \}} f dk D k kd ]]cspfom; arCd, xdkuJhodkY pdwukd f xde;f csKyEiaomtcg pdwqoY k d uyfa&mufvm aom f dk f f D tmHrsm;udk ky+emrfuatmif Irw&\/ xdaemuf k f JG S f Yk jzpfysurw Ni;D aiGUatmif Irw& \/ xdaemuf f I dYk S f Yk a,m*Donf jzpfjcif;ESif h ysujfcif; wdY k ukeq;k H &m edAmefuk d f ...}} jrifvmvdrr,f/ cspom; armifarCd,... hf f jrwfpGmbk&m; qHk;ra[mMum;awmf rlvdkufaom w&m;awmftqHk;rSmyif arCd, trnf&aom &[ef;onf aomwmywdr*fPf dS jzihf t&d,opmudk xd;k xGi;f jrifoum aomwm d ywdzdkvf wnf aomwmyef &[ef;jrwf wpfyg;jzpfcJhavawmhonf/ &SifP(zsmyHk) rSDjirf; "ry'? pdw0*f? arCd,&[ef; "ry'? pdw0*-0wKrsm;? OD;a&Tatmif

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

10

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DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,f tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

11

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cifarmifrkd;(awmifBuD;) uREfkyfwdkY\ a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;tavmif;awmfonf 'getp &Saom y&rwyg&rD (10) yg;wdukd jznhusiqnf;yl;awmfr&m? b0 (10) d Yk f fh l yg;wdkYudk? ygVdyd#uwfawmfusrf;*efvmyg&rDtpOf b0tpOftwkdif; azmfjytyfygonf/ (1) ,kerif;b0? toufupe? rdru,\tom;udvLS um 'gey&rw f kd G Yf d kd f k yg&rD udkjznhfusihfawmfrlonf/ bdum, Oy*wH'doGm? ouwmeH y&dpZd H? 'gaeear oarmewd? {omar'geyg&rD/ (2) ocFygve*g;rif;b0? udk,fudkpGefY oDvaqmufwnfum oDv y&rwyg&rD udk jznhfawmfrlonf/ olav[d yd0dZd,aEm? aum#d,aEmyd owd[d? abmZykawe ukygrd? {omaroDvyg&rD/ (3) plVokwaomrrif;b0 rif;pnf;pdrfudkpGefY awmxGufawmfrlum aeury&rwyg&rD udk jznhfawmfrlonf/ r[m&ZH [w*wH? acVyd@H0q~,d H? pZawmea[mwdv*eH? {omaraeur yg&rD/ (4) owKboZmwf aoeuynm&Sdb0? rkefYtdwfaxmifhxJ&Sdaom a>rudkjy? olwpfyg;\toufudku,fum? ynmy&rwyg&rD udk jznhf awmfrlonf/ ynm,ar 0dpdeaEm? jA[PH armp,d Hw'g? ynm,ar oarmewd? {omar ynmyg&rD/ (5) r[mZeurif;b0 ork'&mvufypfu;l tm;xkwveupm 0D&, f G f J G d y&rwyg&rD udk jznhfawmfrl\/ twD&'DZvraZ? [wmoaA0rmEkom? pdwtnxmewd? {omar0D&d,yg&rD/ (6) cED0g'D&aohb0? rdrd\udk,fudkjzwfawmufnif;qJaom umodrif; udk toufpGefYonf;cHum? cEDy&rwyg&rD udk jznhfawmfrl\/ tapweH0 auma#aE? wdue z&okemrrH? umod&maZeukygrd? {omarcEDyg&rD/ (7) r[mokwaomrrif;b0? toufudkpGefY ayg&dom'xHvmrnf[k 0efcHaompum;udk trSefvkdufemum opmudkapmifhawmfrl opy&rw yg&rD udk jznhfawmfrl\/ op0gpHtEk&uaEm? pZdwGmrrZD0dwH? armapod H{uowcwda,? {omaropyg&rD/ (8) awrdrif;b0 toufpGefY pum;rajymawmhtHh[k t"d|mefum t"d|mey&rwyg&rD udk jznhfawmfrl\/ rmwmydwm eara'm? eyda'H r[m,oH? oAnKwHyd,Hr,SH? wom0w r"d|[d H/ (9) {u&mZZmwf {u&mZrif;b0? toufuriJuubJ arwmyGm;um kd h G f arwmy&rwyg&rD udkjznhfawmfrl\/ erHaumpd oEowd? eyd[Hbm,mrdupd? arwmAavEkywa'g? &rmrd y0ae w'g/ (10) avmr[HoZmwf? uav;oli,fwu wHawG;ESiaxG;yufaomtcg Ykd fh ESihf tcsdKUaomolwdkYu yef;eHYomponfjzihf ylaZmfaomtcgwdkY 0rf;enf; 0rf;omrjzpf? vspfvsLIum Oayumy&rwyg&rD udk jznhfawmfrl\/ okom0ae ao,sHuayrd? q0|duH Oyed"m,? *gr@vm Oy*Em? lyH'aEd teyuH/ (tbd? 1? |? 72^3^4? [Hom) yg&rDjynhfpHkapaMumif;w&m; (3) yg; yg&rDjynhfpHkapaMumif;w&m; (3) yg;&Sdonf/ if;w&m; (3) yg;wdkYrSm(1) bm0emav;yg;jzihf tm;xkwfjcif;/ (2) yg&rD\qefYusifbufw&m;wdkYudkqifjcif y,f&Sm;jcif;/ (3) bk&m;&SifwdkYtm; rdrdudk,fudk tyfESif;jcif;/ aygif; (3) yg;/ (r[mAk'0if? ywGJ? 'kwd,ydkif;) yg&rDjznhf&mumvtwGif; tavmif;awmfwdkYjznhfMuyHk yg&rDjznh&mumvtwGi;f tavmif;awmfwonf ewfouf? f Ykd jA[moufacR pkawouJo?Ykd i&Jjzpfaomtcgrsm; ,if;odEv;kH oGi;f h Yk S pkawum vlYjynfodkYvm yg&rDjznhfMuoavm[lonhf jyemudk aq;aMumoifhMu\/ tavmif;awmfwdkY ty,fi&Jjzpfaomtcg tavmif;awmfwonf i&Jjzpfaomtcg t"drwumvBu,m Ykd k d d (vlYjynfjzpf yg&rDjznhftHh[laom ESvHk;oGif;vsufpkawjcif;) jzihf i&J oufacR pkawonf[k usrf;*ef tqdkr&Sdyg/ i&Jjzpfapaom tukodkvf uHtpGrf; rukefoa&GUumvywfvHk; i&Jjynf jzpf&onf[k rSwf,loifhyg onf/ awrdrif;om; Oyrmxm; awrdrif;om;i,fonf tESpf (20) rQ rif;jyKcJhbl;aomaMumihf tESpf&Spfaomif; tyg,fi&J 'kuBuD;pGm cHcJh&bl;onfudk owd&vsuf? rif;tjzpfudk r&,lEdkif&ef taomoltjzpf t"d|mefcJhonfudk axmuf um? bk&m;tavmif;awmfwdkYonf i&Jjzpfapaom uHtpGrf;rukeforQ umvywfvHk;? i&J ESpfaygif;MumjrihfpGm ae&onfudk arQmfygav/ e*g;rif;? *VKefrif;wdkYjzpf&aomfjim; xdkYjyif e*g;rif;? *VKefrif;jzpfaomtcgvnf; vlYjynfodkYjyef a&muf&ef Oykousio;kH e*g;b0? *VKeb0rqH;k orQ apmifqi;f atmihf f fh f h kd tnf;ae&onfukdvnf; arQmfygav/ xdaMumifh i&Jjzpfaomtcg bk&m;tavmif;awmfwonf t"d Yk Ykd rkwdumvBud,mjzihf i&JoufacR? pkawjcif;r&Sd[k rSwf,loifhygonf/ (r[mAk'0if? yxrwGJ? 'kwd,ydkif;) pmrsufESm 13 okdY

THOUGH ABOUT THE DHAMMA

12

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THOUGH ABOUT THE DHAMMA

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13

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THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

14

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

aemufausmzkH;rS t&d,myk*dKvf(8)a,muf&Sdygw,f/ tJ'Dt&d,myk*dKvfjrwfrsm; =uJh&JUcH&jcif; uawmhyoHom =csD;rGrf;cH&jcif; edEm =csrf;omjcif; =qif;&Jjcif; (1) aomwmywdr*fa&tvsOfodkYa&mufNyD;aom (aomwmywdr*|mef okc 'ku 'Dw&m;(8)yg;udk avmuom;awG rSeforQawGUBuHkMu&NrJ t&d,m) oabmjzpfwJhtwGuf avmu"r? avmu"H&,fvkdYac:ygw,f/ (2) aomwmywdzdkvfpdwfodkY a&mufNyD;aom (aomwmywdzv|mef Citta-Akampana-Unshaken mind t&d,m) .. Lokadhamma- unchanging ways of the mundane world (3) vlYbHkodkY wpfBudrfomjyefvmawmhrnfh (ou'g*grdr*|mef t&d,m) (the inevitability of any of the following eight aspects occuring (4) vlYbHkodkY wpfBudrfomvmawmhrnfh (ou'g*grdzv|meft&d,m) in life) these are:-bha = being endowed with wealth; (5) umrok*wd 7 bHkwdkY rjzpfawmhaom (tem*grdr*|meft&d,m) La -bha = not being enodowed with wealth i.e. destitute; (6) umrok*wd 7 bHkwdkY rjzpfawmhaom (tem*grdzv|meft&d,m) Ala Yasa = being surrounded by friends and followers; (7) udavomtm;vH;k y,fNy;D edAmef0ifpawmhrnfh (t&[wr*|mef t&d H Ayasa = being bereft of friends and followers; ,m) . Pasamsa = receiving praise; (8) udavomtm;vHk;y,fNyD; edAmef0ifpHawmhrnfh (t&[wzv|mef Ninda =facing censure; t&d,m) Sukha =experiencing happiness, &[Emyk*dKvfrSwpfyg;aom t&d,myk*dKvf(7)a,mufwdkYudk Dukkha =going through suffering. aouyk*dKvfvkdYac:qdkygw,f/ &[Emyk*dKvfudkawmh taouyk*dKvf &[Emt&Sifjrwfrsm;\ vHk;0wkefvIyfjcif;r&Sdaompdwf t&[E(&[Em)yk*dKvfjrwfrsm;&JUpdwf[m avmurSm rvGJ (usihfaqmif&rnfh w&m;"rrsm;udk tm;vHk;NyD;ajrmufatmif usihfaqmif raoGtNrJ&ifqdkifawGUBuHKMu&wJh? tJ'Davmu"Hw&m;(8)yg;eJY &ifqdkifMu NyD;jzpf aemufxyfusihf&rnfh w&m;r&SdawmhNyDjzpfNyD;? oHo&mrS xGuf &wJtcgrsm;rSm vH;k 0wkevyajcmufjcm;jcif;r&Sd yuwd wnfNirat;Nir;f ajrmuf&m aemufqHk;tqihf edAmef0ifpHawmhrnfh? vlewfjA[m ow0g h f I f d f d aeNyDjzpfwJh pdwfudk ]]zk|avmu"ar[d? pdwH,oeurwd}} vkdY taygif;wdkY ukokdvfjyKtyf? udk;uG,ftyfawmfrlaom jrwfaom t&[E? a[mawmfrljcif;jzpfygw,f/ t&[w? &[Emt&Sifjrwf)jzpfawmfrlygw,f/ pdw-tureygVdyk'f&JU teuft"dyg,f[m? avmu"Hw&m;qdk NOBLE ONE Ariya means An Ariya is a noble one who has destroyed some or all wJh csrf;omjcif;okceJY qif;&J'kuwdkYeJY b,fvdkyJ &ifqdkifBuHKawGU&ygap? of the defilements. He is precluded from falling to the woeful pdwf[m vHk;0rwkefvIyfawmhwmudk 'DygVdyk'fu azmfjyygw,f/ state of apaya (the four miserable states of existences, and saintly tJ'Dvkd rwkefvIyfawmhwJh yk*dKvfjrwfrsm;uawmh Ak'&Sifawmf or purifief person who has attained the Noble Path and fruition. jrwfbk&m;eJY t&[EqkdwJh &[Emt&Sifjrwfrsm;yJjzpfMuygw,f/ usef&Sd There are Eight Kinds of Noble Persons in the followawmfrlMuwJh aout&d,myk*dKvf(7)a,mufwdkYrSm tawGUtBuHK&ifhusuf ing:rIESihf ykxkZOftEG,frjywfao;wJh tavsmuf tenf;i,fwkefvIyfMurSm (1) One who attains the Path of stream-entry (Sota pattimaggatthana Ariya) . jzpfygw,f/ bk&m;&SifESihf &[Emyk*dKvfjrwfwdkYuawmh taumif;tqdk; (2) One. who attains the Fruition of Stream-entry (Sot ajymif;vJwwfaom avmu"Hw&m;&Spfyg;qdkwJh b0twufeJY tus pattiphalatthana Ariya) .. - tjrihfeJYtedrfh b,fvkdyJqHkMu&ap vHk;0 wkefvIyfjcif;r&Sdawmhyg/ (3) One who attains the Path of Once-returning (Sakadaga
The Mind of an Arahant The Mind of an Arahant thought being confronted with eight vicissitudes of life is steadfastly unshaken. (Phutthassa Loka .. Dhammehi cittan yassa na kampati) Citta- Akampana means having mind unshaken by weal and woe. And they are concerned with only the Buddhas and Arahants, and not with other seven Noble persons called Sekkha (Who are under training as they are practising for the attainment of Arahantship, the highest stage of nobility.) and worldlings (Puthujjana), because the Buddha and Arahants could not be moved or affected by Eight kinds of Vicissitudles (Ups and Downs) of life. mimaggatthana Ariya) .. - (4) One who attains the Fruition of Once-returning (Sakadaga miphalatthana Ariya) .. - (5) One who attains the Path of Non-returning (Anaga m i m a g g a t . t . h a na Ariya) - (6) One who attains the Fruition of Non-returning (Anaga -na Ariya) miphalattha .. (7) One who attains the Path of Worthiness (Arahat. t. amaggatthana Ariya) .. (8) One who attains the Fruition of Worthiness (Arahattapha .. lattha na Ariya) .. It must be noted the first seven persons are called Sekkha. The last one is called Asekkha (person who as been already trained and not necessary to be trained any more) as he has finished his training and practised that is to be practised, and Arahant or Arahanta as he is worthy of offerings and honours of human and divine beings.

t&d,jrihfjrwfaomyk*dKvf t&d,qdonfrm udavomtcsKd Uudjk zpfap? tm;vH;k tvdjk zpf ap? k S y,fowfNyD;oljzpfygw,f/ tyg,fwHcg;ydwfNyD; olvnf; jzpfygw,f/ wpfenf;ajym&&if r*fzkdvf&NyD;aom yk*dKvfjzpfygw,f/ r*f wnfwJh yk*dKvfudk r*|mefyk*dKvfvdkYac:NyD; zdkvf wnfwJh yk*dKvfudk zv|mef yk*dKvf avmu"Hw&m;ESihf pyfvsOf; vdkYac:ygw,f/ 'Dw&m; (8)yg;udk avmuom; rSeforQ rvGJ{uef &ifqdkif

TERAVADA PERSPECTIVE
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ awGUBuHKMu&NrJoabmjzpfwJhtwGuf avmu"HvdkYac:ygw,f/ tJ'Dw&m; (8)yg;rSm taumif;avmu"H(4) yg;eJY tqdk;avmu"H(4)yg;&,fvkdY cGJjcm; jyovdk tJ'Daumif;-qdk;-ESpfaxGw[m taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm wvSnhf pDjzpfvmwwfygw,f/ taumif;avmu"H vmabm = vmbf&jcif; ,aom = ta`cGt&Hrsm;jcif; yoHom = csD;rGrf;cH&jcif; okcH = csrf;omjcif; tqdk;avmu"H tvmabm = vmbfr&jcif; t,aom = ta`cGt&Hr&Sdjcif; edEm = uJh&JUcH&jcif; 'kuH = qif;&Jjcif; tJ'Daumif;-qdk;ESpfaxG a&m,SufaewJh avmu"HpufuGif;u omrmefykxkZOfawG tyxm;vdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;aomfrS rvGwfuif;EdkifcJhyg/ &H z ef & H c g bk & m;&S i f x H a wmf r S m ruk e f E k d i f r crf ; Ek d i f a tmif yp n f ; vmbfvmbaygrsm;wwfygw,f/ &HcgusawmhvJ &Sm;yg;wJh tjzpfrsKd;eJY BuHKawGU&wwfygw,f/ qGrf;cH r&vdkY oydwfcsnf;jyefcJh&yHk jrwfpGmbk&m;ocif a0&mjynfrSm 0guyfawmfrlpOfu rka,m qefMurf;udk bkOf;ay;oHk;aqmifawmfrlcJh&ygw,f/ {uemVykPm;&GmrSm qGr;f cH0ifawmfrpOfuvnf; vlawGukd rm&fewfu vSnpm;xm;wJtwGuf l fh h qGrf;ravmif;MuwmaMumihf? qGrf;-[if;rzuf aq;NrJwdkif; oydwf oufoufeJY jyefvnfxGuf<uawmfrlcJh&ygw,f/ csD;rGrf;uJh&JUcHawmfrl&yHk Ak'jrwfpGmudk pdwfaumif;&SdMuol ewfvljA[mawG&JU csD;rGrf; ylaZmfwmudk cHawmfr&ayr,h?f pdrmP0dum&JU pGypycsu&UJ rIukd cHawmf l f JG I f hJ rlc&ovd?k okE&y&AdZr&JUpGyprI pwJrvdvm;MuolawG&UJ uJ&UJ rIukd cHawmf hJ D k f f JG h k h rl&ygw,f/ okc-'kucHpm;awmfrl&yHk &Siawmfjrwfb&m;[m? zvormywfcsr;f om? eda&m"ormywf f k csr;f omawGukd trsm;tjym;cHpm;awmfrEiayr,h?f tqifrajywJtcgrsKd ; l kd f h rSm cg;emawmfrljcif;? &Sifa'0'wfu *dZuk#fawmifay:rS ausmufarmif; qifum vSrcswausmufvmxdvYkd ajcrawmfaoG;acsOjcif;? 0rf;awmfvm; d hf hJ T &jcif; pwJh 'kuawGeJY awGUBuHKawmfrl&ygw,f/ bk&m;aomfrSawGUBuHK&wJhavmu"Hw&m; oAnKwPfawmf&SifjrwfpGmbk&m;ocifaomfrS BuHKawGU&wJh 'Doabmw&m;awGrSm *kPf&Sdola&m? *kPfrJhola&m? vlrdkufa&m? ynm&Sd a&m tukefvHk;awGUBuHKMu&r,hfw&m;awGom jzpfMuygw,f/ avmurSm &Sd&SdorQvlawGxJu b,folYudkrS a&SmifuGif;oGm;rSmr[kwfygbl;/ vlwkdif; vlwkdif; BuHKawGUMu&rJh ajy;rvGwfwJhw&m;awGjzpfygw,f/ &[EmwdkY\pdwfESihftjcm;yk*dKvfwdkY\pdwf &[Emt&SifjrwfawG[m aumif;wJhtmHk? raumif;wJhtmHkeJY awGUBuHK&wJhtcgrSm aumif;w,fqdkwmudk raumif;wJhtaeeJYvJ IEdkifyg w,f/ raumif;wmudkvJ aumif;wJhtaeeJYvJ IEdkifawmfrlMuygw,f/ 'Dvdkpdwfudk tpdk;&awmfrlwJh wm'd*kPf&Sifrsm;jzpfMuygw,f/ ausmufawmifBu;D u avwdaMumihf rwkevyovd?k cs;D rGr;f jcif;? uJ&UJ jcif; Yk f I f h

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awGaMumihf wkevy&jcif;r&S?d uif;w,fvjYkd rwfpmbk&m;&Sif cs;D usL;rIuvJ f I f G kd cHMu&ygw,f/ 'ghaMumihf t|uxmq&mu avmu"HaMumihf rwkevywpwf f I f hJ d [m &[Emt&Sijf rwfawG&UJ pdwjf zpfw,f/ tjcm;olawG&UJ pdwr[kwb;l vdYk f f rdefYqdkygw,f/ 'g[m taumif;qHk;? txufwef;tusqHk;pdwfudk ,lvdkwJh twGuf tjrihfrm;qHk;enf;eJY rdefYqdkxm;jcif;jzpfygw,f/ ykxkZOfwdkY\pdwf ykxkZOfawGuawmh jzpfvmwJhavmu"H&JUrNrJrI? qif;&JrI? azmufjyefysup;D &wJoabm&SrawGukd rqifjcifwwfMuygbl;/ 'gaMumihf f h d I ykxkZOfwdkY&JUpdwfrSm avmu"H&JUvTrf;rdk;rIudk tvl;tvdrfhcH&wwfygw,f/ taumif;avmu"HeJYBuHK&wJhtcg aumif;wJhtm;avsmfpGm ajcwpf<u<ueJY aysmfwwfMuygw,f/ tqdk;avmu"HeJYBuHK&wJhtcgrSmawmh ESvHk;aMuuGJ pdwfqif;&JwwfMuygw,f/ t&d,mwdkY\pdwf t&d , mom0uawG u awmh avmu"H & J U rNrJ r I ? qif ; &J r I ? azmufjyefysup;D wwfwoabm&SrawGukd pOf;pm;qifjcifwwfMuygw,f/ f hJ d I 'ghaMumifh avmu"Hw&m;u t&d,m&JUpdwfudk rvTrf;rdk;Edkifyg/ taumif; avmu"HeJYBuHKvnf; aumif;wJhtavsmuf ajcwpf<u<ueJY raysmfwwfMu ygbl;/ tqd;k avmu"HeBYJ uKH &wJtcgrSmvJ tqd;k udqefusiNf y;D ESv;kH aMuuGJ h k Y pdwfqif;&JrIrjzpfwwfMuyg/ tJ'Dvdk t&d,mom0utukefvHk;udkyJ avmu"HBuHK rwkefvIyf olawGtjzpf Ak'jrwfpGmu a[mMum;awmfrlygw,f/ ykxkZOfudkawmh avmu"HBuHK wkefvIyfolawGtjzpfeJYvJ a[mawmfrlygw,f/ ajr;rav;aovdkYylaqG;aewJh 0domcg\tjzpf 'gaywJh? ykxkZOfawGxJrSmvJ w&m;oabmudk pOf;pm;qifjcif wwfNyD; txdkuftavsmuf avmu"Hudk cHEdkif&nf&SdMuolrsm;vJ &SdMuyg w,f/ w&m;oabmudk rpOf;pm;rqifjcifwwfwJh ykxkZOfyk*dKvfawGu avmu"HeBYJ uKH &if wkevyMf urSmomjzpfygw,f/ ajr;raovdYk ylaqG;aewJh f I 0domcg&JUtaMumif;udaxmufawmh tcsKd Ut&d,mawG[mvJ w&m;oabm k udk ESvHk;roGif;rdyg&if avmu"HBuHK wkefvIyfMu&wm xif&Sm;odomvSyg w,f/ avmu"HajzyHkenf;rsdK;pHk Ak'bmom0ifrSeforQ uHudk,HkMunfolcsnf;omjzpfMuygw,f/ uHukd r,HMk unfo&,fvYkd &Sr,frxifyg/ ,ckb0awGUBuKH &orQ taumif; l d tqdk;trsdK;rsdK;awG[m uHaMumihfjzpfvm&wmcsnf;yJvdkY trsm;tm;jzihf ,lqwwfMuygw,f/ odkYjzpfwJhtavsmuf? tqdk;avmu"HeJYawGUBuHK&wJhtcgrSm ur oumayhg? uHpDrH&mtwkdif;bJ? uHudkb,folvGefqefEdkifwmrSwfvdkY tp&Sd wJh tawG;rsdK;eJY pdwfudkajzavh&SdMuygw,f/ 'DvdkajzMu&if;eJY MumvmwJh tcgusawmh pdwf"mwfrsm; &ifhusufvmwwfMuygw,f/ tqdk;avmu"H eJY awGUBuKH vYkd pdw"mwfrwkervIyovd?k taumif;avmu"HeawGUBuKH &wJh f f f YJ tcgrSmvnf; ukovutcGiomwke;f rdvyg/ tukovuu tcGi&vm kd f H hf k Ykd kd f H hf &if ysuf&OD;rSmyJqdkwJhoabmrsdK;eJY pdwfudkxdef;EdkifMuygw,f/ rdk;rjrifav rjriffqdkovdk aysmf&Tifwuf<urIrsdK;r&SdMuygbl;/ xdef;zefrsm;vmawmhvnf; cHEdkif&nf&SdvmMu tcsdKUuawmh tedp-rNrJwJhoabm? 'ku-qif;&JwJhoabm? tew-tpdk;r&wJhoabmawGudk awG;awmpOf;pm;qifjcifaomtm;jzihf vnf; ajzavh&SdMuygw,f/ ocFg&awGqdkwm[m tukefvHk;tedpcsnf;yJ/

TERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

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"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

b,fwnfNrEiMf uyghrvJ/ ud,utpd;k &wmrSr[kwy/ oloabmtwki;f J kd k f f J Y d jzpfaeMuwmyJ pwJhtawG;rsdK;awGeJY pdwfudkxdef;Muygw,f/ xdef;zefrsm; vmawmh cHEdkif&nf&SdvmMuygw,f/ aemufxyftqd;k avmu"HeawGUayr,hf ESv;kH aMuuG0rf;enf;rI YJ J vJ r&SdMuawmhyg/ pdwfoufom&m&Muygw,f/ tvm;wl taumif; avmu"HeawGUBuKH &aomfvnf; aysmwNyKH ;NyKH ;armfrqH;k atmif rjzpfMuawmh YJ f yg/ wcsdKUuawmh? avmu"HpufuGif;u bk&m;? &[EmawGawmif rS vGwEiMf uwmrSr[kwwm/ wdwawGavmufuawmh bmajymp&m&Sygh f kd f Yk d rvJqdkwJhtawG;rsdK;awGeJY tqdk;avmu"H&JU'Pfudk&ifaumhum BuHhBuHhcH EdkifMuygw,f/ 'Dvdkw&m;oabmeJY qifjcifNyD;? yuwdtajca`Erysuf jcif;u avmuxufjrifhjrwfwJhoabmudk &GufaqmifwwfwJY r*Fvmjzpf ygw,f/ tureyk'f\teuft"dym,f tureyk'f&JUteuft"dym,fu rwkefvIyfwJhpdwfudk qdkvdkyg w,f/ tJ'DrwkefvIyfwJh wnfMunfcdkifrmaewJhpdwf[m b0rSmrvGJraoG qHkawGU BuHKBudKuf&rJh aumif;qdk;ESpfaxG a&m,SufaewJh avmu"Hw&m; awGeJY &ifqdkifMu&wJhtcgrSm? vmbf&jcif;? ta>ct&Hrsm;jcif;? csD;rGrf; cH & jcif ; eJ Y c srf ; omok c cH p m;pH p m;&jcif ; qd k w J h ? taumif ; avmu"H awGaMumifhvJyJ tvGeftrif; 0rf;rom0rf;rajrmufovdk? vmbfr&jcif;? tNcH t &H r &S d j cif ; ? uJ h & J U cH & jcif ; eJ Y q if ; &J ' k u B uH K awG U Mu&jcif ; qd k w J h Ariya puggalas, when confronted with good aspects, tqd;k avmu"HawGeYJ BuKH awGU&wJtcgrsm;rSmvJ vGeveuuJ 0rf;renf;? that is, gain, fame, praise and happiness or bed aspects, that is, h f G f J rylaqG;yJ BuHhBuHhcH &ifqdkifEdkifwJh pdwfrsdK;jzpfygw,f/ loss, shame, blame and miseny, used to comtemplate that they
Eight Kinds of Viccissitudes Eigh tkinds of Viccissitudes can be classified as belows:Good Aspects Bad Aspects 1.Labho- Gain, 1. Alabho- loss, 2. Yaso- Fame, lot of followers, 2. Ayaso- shame, lack of fllowers, . 3. Pasam sa- Parise, 3. Ninda- Blame, . . 4. Sukham - Happiness, 4. Dukkham- Misery, suffering. Akampana meansAkampana means unshaken, that is, not to be affected either by good or bad aspects of life, that is, not to be overjoyed while meeting with gain, fame, praise and happiness, nor to be sorrowful when facing the loss, shame and misery. In Anguttara Atthakatha, Dutiya loka, Dhamma Sutta .. said that every human being was apt to confront with eight vicissitudes of life, and he gave instruction to follow when one met them, through dhamma. The summary ran thus, Puttujana puggalas (worldling), lacking personal experience (Adhigama Sutta) or Ariya puggalas endowed with personal experience had to confront with eight vicissitudes of life. But there were difference. Worldlings, when confronted with labha (properties) they did not contemplate that they got them, they were not permanents, mass of suffering, liable to change and they did not know as they really were. Instead, they felt happy when they got them and sad when they failed to get them. Thus they could not escape from sufferings. Like wise, they felt for other seven ups and downs respectively. were impermanent, mass of suffering, liable to change and they knew as they really were. Thus they do not feel happy when they confronted with good aspects and sad when they confronted with bad aspects. Thus they liberated from all sufferings.

pdwturer*Fvm ]]ajymif ; jyef a &maES m ? tvmabmES i h f ? vmabmwl w uG ? t,oESihf? ,orSwfBuH? okcH'ku? edE yoHom? &Spfjzmavmu"H? qufq&pfaiGU? BuKH avawGUvnf;? cgrcke?f rwkervIy?f apmif csKyr,dr;f ? H f f rwdr;f rNyKd ? xdy*Kd v\? e*dwnfMunf? pdwjf rwfonf vnf;? wrnfr*Fvm/ k k f k }} rHka&G;q&mawmfu pdwturer*Fvm&JUteufoabmudk tckvdkzGifhqdkawmfrlygw,f/ 'DvuFm&JUoabmteufu tjyeftvSea&maESm,SuwaewJh f f JG vmbfaygrsm;jcif;? vmbfr&jcif;? tNcHt&Haygrsm;jcif;? tNcHt&Hr&Sdjcif;? csrf;omjcif;? qif;&Jjcif;? csD;rGrf;cH&jcif;? tuJh&JUcH&jcif;qdkwJh avmu"H w&m; 8-yg;eJY qufqH,Sufoef; awGUBuHKae&ayr,hf? vIyfcga&GUvsm;? ckefqGwkefvIyfjcif;r&SdbJ? apmifhxdef;csKyfwnf;rIeJY r,drf;r,dkif rwdrf; rapmif;? rNyKd vaompdw&wy*Kd v&UJ yifu,rvtwki;f wnfMunfcirm J f dS hJ k f kd f l d kd f wJhpdwfjrwf[m pdwturer*Fvmrnfygw,fvdkY zGifhqdkygw,f/ wu,fawmh tJ'avmu"Hw&m;eJY &ifqiBf uKH awGUMu&wJtcg D kd h rSm? pdwfrwkefvIyfjcif;? pdk;&drfaomur&Sdjcif;? udavom&ruf[l jrLrQ r&Sdjcif;? ab;&efuif;Nidrf;jcif;wnf;[laom &Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;vrf;Tef ydkYaqmifay;awmfrlwJh xm0&at;Nidrf;csrf;om&medAmefwGif 0ifpHaeEdkif jcif;onfom wu,fppfrSefwJh r*FvmjzpfygaMumif; wifjytyfygw,f/ "r0D&- oEmatmif tjynfjynfqdkif&m ax&0g' Ak'omoemjyKwuodkvf &efukef/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/
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,S O f N yd K if rG e f ; wnf h o nf / &moD k y f r S m qdwfkyfjzpfonf/ ydawmufyef;? uHhaumfyef;? &ifcwfyef;wdonf wefc;l v\ &moDyef;rsm; Yk jzpfMuonf/ ESpfopful;twmoBuFefa&obifyGJrsm; v &moDwif jrefrmEkiiawmf G d f H a&S;acwfbk&ifrif;rsm; vufxufu bk&ifrif; ES i h f w uG wd k i f ; ol j ynf o m;taygif ; wd k Y o nf ES p f o pf ul ; oBuF e f t wma&obif y G J u d k &moD y G J a wmf tjzpf qif E T J u sif ; yMu&m ,aeYacwfwdkif jzpfonf/ v eHeuf 6 em&DaexGuf nae 6 em&DwGif ae0ifojzihf aeYwm-nwm nDrQaom &ufrpHkvjzpfonf/ xdkonfhtjzpf wdkYudk pavq&mBuD;OD;yknu aqmif ; yg; tpwG i f azmf j ycJ h a om &moDbUJG aw;wyfjzihf wefc;l vrSwwrf;okyukd f f azmfusL;cJhavonf/ wefcl;v\ t"dyg,f ,ck a cwf vud k wef c l ; v[k ac:qdk a&;om;aeMuaomfvnf; rlvtrnfrSm wef ; cl ; jzpf o nf / xd k w ef ; cl ; \ wef ; yk ' f r S m ygVdbmom wmvyk'frS qif;oufvmaom yk'fjzpfonf/ wmvyk'f\ teufrSm xef;[k t"dyg,fonf/ if;xef;[kqdkaomyk'frSmvnf; wef;rSwpfqihajymif;vJ vmaom yk'jf zpfonf/ f (wmv=wmvf=wef;=xef;)/ xef;[lonfh a&;xHk;rSm jref r mES i h f t EG , f w l rG e f b mom? u&ifbmomwdwif xef;udwm [kac:qdMk u&m Yk G k xd k w myk ' f o nf v nf ; rl v ygVd y k ' f w mvrS oufvmaom yk'fysufjzpfonf/ xdkif;bmom xef;udkwmvf[ka&; wef;[k&GwfzwfMu&m &Gwzwfyrm yk*acwfrva&;om; &GwzwfMuyHk f kH S H l f ESihf wpfxyfwnf; usvsuf&Sdonf/ xdkYaMumihf wef;yk'onf ygVdbmom wmvyk'rS qif;ouf f f vm xef;[kt"dyg,f&aMumif;xif&Sm;onf/ xef;oD;cl;aomv cl ; \ t"d y , f r S m um; ]]yef ; cl ; ? [if ; &G u f c l ; ? qG w f c l ; }} qd k o nf w d k Y uJ h o d k Y qGwjf cif;? a`cjG cif;? qGw,jl cif;[k teuf&onf/ f odkYjzpf xef;cl; vqdkonfrSm xef;oD;udk cl ; qG w f a omv xef ; oD ; cl ; aom v[kqdkvdkayonf/ xef;ydkY? xef;zl;? xef;cdkifwdkY cl;qGwfonfhv [kwonf? wydwvu xef;ryifrsm; f Yk JG rS xGufvmMuonfh xef;ydkY (odkYr[kwf) xef;zl;? xef;cdkifwdkYonf? wefcl;vodkY a&mufaomtcg tqH wnfpjyKaeaom toD;rsm;jzpfvmojzihf

,if;xef;toD;rsm;udk pm;&ef cl;avhqGwfa`cG avh&Sdonf/ vlwdkYtwGuf ta&;tBuD;qHk;vkyfief; a&S;yk*HacwfrSp ,ckacwfumv wdkifatmif txufjrefrmEkdifiHwGif v,f,m vkyfief;uvGJvQif xef;vkyfief;onf vlwdkY toufarG;aexdkifrItwGuf ta&;tBuD;qHk; vkyief;jzpfonf/ ,if;odta&;Bu;D onfEitrQ f Yk S fh vkyfief;yrmPuvnf; us,f0ef;vSonf/ xef;vkyfief;ESihf pyfvsOf;orQ xef ; vk y f i ef ; ES i h f pyf v sOf ; onf h xef;jyif? xef;wuf? xef;&nfcH? xef;vsufcsuf ponhf tajccHvyief;Bu;D rsm;tjyif? xef;vuf k f csKdifjcif;? xef;avQmfxkwfjcif;? xef;acgufzm? xef ; acguf ? xef ; acguf a wmif ; ponf h vlo;kH ypn;f rsm;udk &ufvyjf cif;? xef;avQmBf uKd ; k ponfh uspfjcif;? xef;&Gufudk wJtdrfponfwdkY rd k ; umjcif ; ? xef ; vuf u k v m;xd k i f v k y f j cif ; ? xef ; &G u f , yf v S D ; jzwf j cif ; ? xef ; yif & ih f u d k ckwvjJS zwfpw wJtrwiponftoH;k jyKjcif;? f d f d f kd f xef;yifjrpf(xef;jrpf)azmufjcif;? xef;oD;rkefYvkyfjcif; ponfh xef;ESihfpyfonfh vkyfief;trsm;tjym;yif&Sdavonf/ uJhodkY xef;onf vlwdkYtm; rsm;pGm aus;Zl;jyKay&um;? a&S;jrefrmBu;D wdonf xef;udk Yk &wemwpf y g;uJ h o k d Y tvG e f t av;wrl *kwpdkufjyKcJhMuaMumif;udk yk*Hacwf? tif;0 acwf ? xd k ; ausmuf p mwk d Y xef ; pd k u f j cif ; ? xef;ysKd;jcif;? xef;wdkYudk cGJa0csxm;jcif;ponfh taMumif ; t&mrsm; rMumrMumygonf u d k axmuf od E k d i f o nf / xef ; vk y f i ef ; onf rQtxd ta&;BuD; xef;yifrsm;udk rQ jrwfE;kd cJMh uaom a&S;jrefrmBu;D wdonf wpfq,hf Yk ESpfv trnfrsm;wGif wydkYwGJ? waygif;? wefcl;? oHk;v\ trnfrsm;udk xef;vkyfief;ESihf pyf pGJrSwfac:qdkcJhMuavonf/ wmul;vt"dyg,f vudk xef;cl;? wefc;l tjyif? wmul; [lvnf;aumif;? ac:qdk a&;om;Muao; onf/ tcsdKUu wmul;rS wefcl;odkY oufvm oa,mif ,lqa&;om;Muonf/ wu,fawmh wmul;rSm wefc;l ESifh rnforQ qufpyfrI r&Say/ Ykd d wmul;qdaom pum;rSm twmul;rS qif;ouf k vmaom pum;yk'fjzpfonf/ a0g[m&vDew'DyeDtvdk tcsdKUaom olwdkYonf rdef&moDrS rd&moDodkY we*FaEGN*dK[f oBuFeftwmul; aomaMumih f wmul ; v[k ,l q Muonf [ k

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

18

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DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

19

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a&Tnmol (a&Tbdk) ]]oufa&mufrwi;f rSm wefjyefoufa&mufr&w,f}} &,fvYkd odyH I dk I dS ynm&SifawGu qdkMuygw,f/ aMu;rHkrSefjyif[mvJ olYa&SUrSm &yfvmol wki;f &JUyH&yukd xifwae&mrSm? NyKH ;Ny;D &yfvmolukd NyKH ;&dy?f rJNh y;D vm&yfoukd d k d f hJ l rJ&yxifapwm[mvJ trSejf zpfygw,f/ 'gayr,hf tJ'rejf yifrm jy'g;uGm h d f D S S aeNyDqdk&ifawmh.../ uRefrwdkY&JU jrwfpGmbk&m;[m wpfckaomb0rSm bl&d'wqdkwJh trnfeYJ e*g;rsKd ;rSmjzpfcygw,f/ ewfwoeif; odMum;rif;xHrm cpm;ae& hJ Ykd S wJ h t wG u f od M um;rif ; pnf ; pd r f t m;usNyD ; ewf j ynf a &muf a Mumif ; aumif;rIukodkvfjzpfwJh OykofoDwif;aqmufwnf&ef qEjzpfcJhygw,f/ e*g;wdkYjynfrSm OykofoDvaqmufwnfr,fqdk&if? e*g;rrsm;&JU aESmuf,SufzsufqD;rIaMumihf oDwif;oDvaumif;pGmaqmufwnfEdkifrSm r[kwfaMumif;udk odjrifwJhtwGuf? tavmif;awmfbl&d'we*g;rif;[m vljY ynfv&mudvmNy;D ? ,rkemjrpfurf;teD; anmifyifBu;D wpfyifatmufu Yl G k awmifydkYxdyfrSm zGJUacGwnfaevsuf? rusdK;rayguf? rajymufrusm;? t*Fg av;yg;eJYjynhfpHkwJh OykofoDvudkaqmufwnfygw,f/ ]]wpfpHkwpfa,mufaomolonf ig\ta&? taMum? tdk;? taoG;wdkYudk &,lvdku ,lMuap/ igaqmufwnfaom oDvrysufap&}} [laom t"d|mefBu;D jzihf &uf? vrsm;pGm Oykoovudaqmufwnfaejcif; f D k jzpfygw,f/ uRefrwdkY&JU w&m;cspfcifolawmfpif Ak'bmom0ifjrefrmvlrsdK; rsm;vnf; bk&m;tavmif;awmf bl&'we*g;rif; Oykoowif;apmifxe;f d f D h d ovdk wpfv (4) oDwif; Oykoovapmifxe;f MurnfqygvQif tavmif; f D h d kd awmfe*g;rif; t"d|mefoDvaqmufwnfyHkudk twl,lMuNyD;? rdrdwdkYoDv rusKd ;? rayguf? rajymuf? rusm;apatmif owdw&m;vufuixm;vsuf kd f bk&m;*kPfawmf? w&m;*kPfawmf? oHC*kPfawmfqdkwJh &wemjrwfoHk;yg; wdkY&JU *kPfawmfwpfyg;yg;udk yGm;rsm;aeMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JUodumoHk;&yftvGefaumif;jrwfwJh tusifh w&m;rsm;[m ]]oDv? orm"d? ynm}} jzpfygw,f/ oDvw&m;eJYjynhfpHkrS om orm"dudkjzpfaprSmtrSefjzpfygw,f/ orm"dw&m;&SdrSom ]]orm"d awm ,xmblwm yZmemwd}} qdkwJhtwkdif;? rdrdwdkY&JUcEmig;yg;? kyfemrf ESpfyg;tay:rSm tjrifrSef&MuNyD;awmh ynmw&m;rsm;eJYjynhfpHkrSmjzpfyg w,f/ tJ'vkd ]]oDv? orm"d? ynm}} w&m;awGeYJ jynhpMkH urSom? rdrw&UJ D f d Ykd oEmefrSm bk&m;&Sif&JUtqHk;trawGudef;NyD; ynm&Sdolawmfaumif;awG jzpfMurSmtrSefyg/ bk&m;avmif;bl&'wf e*grif;jzpfpOfb0rSm? a'0'wftavmif; d vnf; aomr'wqdkwJhtrnfeJY ykPm;rsdK;rSmjzpfNyD;? aomr'wfqdkwJh om;wpfa,mufeJYtwl rkqdk;b0jzihf toufarG;&ygw,f/ wpfaeYrSm bk&m;avmif;e*g;rif; Oykofapmifh&mt&yfudka&mufvmNyD; e*g;rrsm; twD;trIwfrsm;eJY BudKqdkaeMuwJhtoHawGudkMum;&wJhtwGuf tJ'Dae&m udkoGm;a&mufpHkprf;NyD; odMum;rif;toGifzefqif;xm;wJh e*g;rif;tm; ]]yef;aygif;pHkawGeJY om,mvSwJh'Dawmtv,frSm a&Ta&miftqif;&SdwJh t0wfudk0wfNyD; rdzk&m;tNcHt&Hrsm;eJY toifub,folygvJ}} vdkY rkqdk; ykPm;u ar;ygw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm rdrd[mewfom;wpfyg;jzpfygw,fvdkY ajzvkdufr,f qdk&if ykPm;vJ ,HkMunfrSmtrSefjzpfygw,f/ 'gayr,hf tavmif;awmf e*g;rif;[m r[kwfrrSefwJhpum;udkrqdkbJ]]ig[m..e*g;jynfutpd;k &wJh "w&|e*g;rif;Bu;D &JU om;awmf? kd tvGewefc;kd Bu;D Ny;D tqdyjf yif;wJe*g;rif;jzpfw,f}} vdYk trSetwki;f ajzqdk f h f d vkdufw,f/ uRerwd&UJ jrwfpmbk&m;&Si[m tavmif;awmfb0rSmyif r[kwf f Yk G f rrSeaompum;udk rajymrqdbJ [kwreaompum;udqygojzihf uRer f k f S f k kd f wdvnf; aeYpOfapmifxe;f tyfwhJ ig;yg;oDvxJrmtygt0ifjzpfwhJ r[kwf Yk h d S rrSefrkom;pum;ajymqdkjcif;rS txl;tav;teufxm;a&SmifMuOfMu&rSm jzpfygw,f/ Zmwu0wKygVdawmft|uxm? e0u? [&dwZmwfrSm azmfjywmudk 'Dae&mrSm tvsOf;oifhvdkYajymjycsifygw,f/ bk&m;avmif; wdkY[m ig;yg;oDvrSm txl;ojzihf rkom0g'rSa&SmifMuOfwJhoDvudk txl; apmifha&SmufawmfrlMuw,fvdkY zwfrSwf&ygw,f/ ('gu pum;csyfyg/) tavmif;awmfe*g;rif;[m ykPm;&JUkyfvuPmudkMunhfjcif; tm;jzihf jzLpifwJhpdwfxm;r&SdEdkifwmudk cefYrSef;rdygw,f/ 'gaMumihf ]]ihgudk tvrm,form;eJYjycJhaomf? ig\OykofoDvaqmufwnf&mrSm taESmuf t,Sufjzpfayvdrhfrnf}} [k BuHqrdwJhtwGuf? ykPm;om;tzwdkYudk e*g; jynfodkYac:aqmifoGm;NyD; e*g;rtaygif;NcH&Hapvsuf ewfwdkY&JUpnf;pdrfudk cHpm;apcJygw,f/ ykPm;[m bke;f uHenf;wJtwGuf ewfpnf;pdrrcHpm;vdk h h f bJ? vlYjynfudkomjyefbdkY qEjyif;jycJhygw,f/ e*g;rif;tm; rdrvjYl ynfojYkd yefvaMumif;ajymwJtcg? e*g;rif;u d kd h ,ckvdkcHpm;&wJhpnf;pdrfrsdK;udk vlYjynfrSmcHpm;bdkYrvG,fulaMumif;ajymjy cJhygw,f/ 'Dawmh ykPm;u ol[mvlYjynfudkjyefvdkwmu &[ef;jyK&ef pDpOfxm;wJtwGuf &[ef;jyKbjYkd yefvwmjzpfaMumif; r[kwrrSevrvnf h dk f f d f ajymygw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm e*g;rif;u ]]taqGykPm;? &[ef;tjzpfqdkwm[m tvGeusiEicMJ uygw,f/ 'gayr,hf taqGyPm;&[ef;0wfNy;D vdYk vljyef f fh dk f k xGufr,fqdkcJh&if ihgqDudkvmNyD; ypnf;OpmwdkYudk,lvSnfhyg/ ighudkbmrS aMumufp&mrvdkygbl;}} [k ajymqdkNyD;aemuf? tvdk&Sd&mudkawmif;wvQif jynhfpHkapwJh pmo,ywjrm;&wemudk vufaqmifay;ygw,f/ 'gayr,hf rkqdk;ykPm;u ol[mvlYjynfa&mufwJhtcg &[ef;jyK rSmjzpfwtwGuf r,lvaMumif; jiif;y,fcygw,f/ tJ'aemuf e*g;rif;u hJ kd hJ D ol&UJ e*g;vkvifav;a,mufwuac:Ny;D ykPm;om;tzudk vljY ynfoYkd jyefyYkd Y Ykd kd apcJhygw,f/ ykPm;[m vlYjynfodkYjyefa&mufwJhtcgrSm &[ef;rjyKbJ rkqdk; b0jzihf qufvuftoufarG;&jyefygw,f/ wpfaeYrSmom;aumif&Sm&ef awmvkduf&if;? tvrm,fykPm;wpfa,mufxHrSm bk&m;avmif;e*g;rif; pmrsufESm 22 okdY

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

v,fwDq&ma

The Ledi Dham

v,fwDedAmefw

a&;om;jyKp

MAHA THERA L
(edAme0dZmemusr;) f
(,ciftywfrStquf)
0efaxmufrif; OD;a&TpHatmifavQmufxm;pm
bk&m;wynhfawmf armifa&TpHatmif &Sdcdk;avQmufxm;ygonf aus;Zl;&Sifbk&m;... ]]awem[ {uOd opH e 'kwd, rwDwd}}[l 0do'r*f#um OyormEkwdtzGiwif yg&SygaMumif;/ k d D fh G d jrpfa&,OfuJhodkY wpfoefwnf; pD;vsufaeaom &[Em\ y&rwcEmtpOfwpfcukd tjyifzufuaeIaomPftm; if;cEmonf k cPw,odkYa&mufwwfaomw&m;[k xifvdrhfrnf/ jrpfxJpD;aeaom a&wpfaygufonf wpfae&mrSwpfae&modkY a&GUonfwGif yxrae&m jzpfaom a&aygufonf 'kwd,ae&modkYa&mufaomf a&S;a&aygufcsKyf aemufa&aygufOyg'fonf[k ajymqdk&bdouJhodkY? cEmtpOfudkvnf; y&rww&m;odYk tpOfrjywfajymif;vJa&GUoGm;aeonfwif a&S;cPjzpf G aomy&rww&m;wdonf csKyNf y;D rS aemufcP w&m;opfOyg'fonf[k Yk ajymqdkMu\/ t&m oreE&ypnf;qufyHkudk aumif;pGmem;vnfvQif Oyg'f XD bif[aom tcdutwefcPi,fwonfvnf; r[mumvBu;D l k f Y Ykd udk pdwjf zihcpw&tyfaom umvynwfyifjzpfaMumif;udk od&vwUH / f JG d f odYk ynwfjzihwif Oyg'fonf[q&aomaMumihf cEmtpOfukd Zmwd"r f k kd [lvnf;aumif; 0dy&dPmr"r[lvnf;aumif; ac:a0:&jyef\/ xd k Y a Mumih f xd k c E m tpOf o nf taMumif ; ES i h f p yf j zpf o nf [ k xif j rif & aomaMumih f o cF w "r [ l vnf ; aumif ; ? yp n f ; wd k Y E S i h f pyfvsufjzpfrnf[k xif&aomaMumihf oyp,"r[lvnf;aumif; ac:a0:ajymqd k & jyef \ /if ; y&rw c E m onf oH 0 d Z r mew&m; jzpfaomaMumifh aumif;pGmjzpfqJ jzpfaom ypKyE"r[k xif&rnf/ od&mwGif xdcEmtpOfuyif twGi;f uae 0g? xd;k xGi;f od Yk k kd aom y#da0"Pftm; tZmwd t0dy&dPmr tocFw typ, umv0drkwf[kxifvdrfhrnf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf &[Emwpfyg;onf

(Nibbana Visajjana

(Continue from last week) Nibbana Visajjana A letter from U Shwe Zan Aung, Sub-divisional Officer Ven. Ledi Sayadaw, Kindly accept my humble verceration to you. In the visuddhi-magga sub-commentary, the exposition on upasama . -ha ekahi saccam na dutiyama nussati, there is the passage ''tena th1ti." To the insight knowledge contemplating from outside one of the continuity of the paramatt hakhandha of the arahat which .. is flowing continously like the current of the river, that khandha appears to be momentary dhamma. When a drop of water flowing in the river moves from one place to another, it appears in the first place and disappears on moving to the second place and disappears on moving to the second place and another drop appears. Just so, it is said in the continuity of khandha, when the ulimate paramatt.ha dhamma is . moving and changing, the new dhamma appears at the latter moment after the cessation of the paramattha dhamma of the former moment. Here in if we understand properly the samanantarapaccaya, the relation of immediate contiguity, we will know that the short moments (uaba, th1, banga) are also the time paatii- concept which can be determined from mahakala. - da the continuity of Thus having appeared by upa khandha is called in terms of paatti-concept as ''jati dhamma" Being old and it perishes by 'th1, banga," it is called "viparinama dhamma". Therefore, having appeared to be due to the cause, . that continuity of that Khandha is called ''sankhata dhamma." Having appeared that it will become in realtion to paccaya condition it is called ''sapaccaya dhamma." That para-mattha khandha -na dhamma, will appear to be , being the prominent samvijjava paccuppanna dhamma, the present dhamma, which is appearing well. But to the pativedhanana that disearns internally or

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

w&m;awmfrsm;

pawmfrlaom awmf

ma on Nibba na

by

LEDI SAYADAW
zdv0if edAmef[qtyfaom t&[wzvukd tmHjk yKcuf umvynwf k f k kd kd f kd tmumoynwfpaom ynwf[orQuvw? 0g? vGe twGi;f uae l kd T f f odvrrnf/ odYk rdrd tmoa0gukeNf y;D aomcEmudk rdrtwGi;f u0if d hf d 0g? xdk;xGif; odonfhtcdkuf ocFg&\ taMumif;edrdwf wpfpHkwpf&mudk tmHkrjyKayNyD/ xdaMumifh tjyifuodrI twGi;f uodr[qtyfaom odyEprsKd ; Yk I k kd kH S f udk vdkuf y&rww&m;wpfckwnf;yif ocFw tocFw[k y&d,m,f ESpfrsdK;udk&onf/ xkdenf;twl edAmefonf wpfckaom w&m;jzpfygvsuf odyEprsKd ;udvu oOyg'daooedAmef tEkyg'daooedAmef[k y&d,m,f kH S f k dk f ESpfrsdK;xGufjyefonf/ xdkYaMumifh y&d,m,fa00kpfudkvTwf y&rwfqwf qwfukd ajymqd&rnfqvQif &[Em\cEmonfyif edAmef? edAmefonfyif k kd cEmjzpfawmhonf/ odkY,lrSomvQif (u) edAmerd cEy#dA'ar0- [l 0dok'dr*f #Dumvmaom pum;&yf/ (c) edAmerd [d caE y#dp ynmyeawm o&D&od H a,0 ynayod- [l om&w'DyeDvmaom pum;&yf/ (*) tancEm? tnH edAmeH? tanm yk*avmwd? ea[0H 0waA- [l uxm0wKvmaompum;&yf/ (C) rod Ha,0 uaV0a& Asmrraw oreau o0d nmPauavmua nmPauav mua0 ynayrd? avmuork',? avmueda&m" H k *grdedy#dy'- [l o*gxm0*o,wf ygVdawmfvmaom pum;&yfwYkd ESifh nDwrnf/ if;pum;wd oOyg'daoo edAmef[rqdyJ edAmef[ G f Yk l k l omqdkonf/ xdkYaMumihf y&d,m,fedAmefwpfpdwfa'oudkom rrSwfoihf/ odYk ,lonf&aomf tEkyg'daooedAmef cEm&S&ma&mufaom dS d aMumihf cEy&deAmef[aompum;ESihf rqefusiNf yavm [ljim;tH/ qefusif d l Y D h Y rnfrxif? tb,faMumifqaomf cEy&deAmef[aompum;ESifh rqefusif h h kd d l Y Nyavm [ljim;tH/ qefusirnfrxif? tb,faMumifqaomf cEy&deAmef D h Y f h h kd d [laompum;onf tjyifzufu odMuIMuaomoltaygif;twGuf ajymqdaompum;[k rSw&ef&\/ tjyifzufu od&&MuNy;D aom Oy"d[k k f dS dS qdtyfaom cEmMurf;Bu;D onf csKyNf ir;f avjim;aomfvnf; tvGeorarGU k d f d f
realizes the continuity of khandha, it will appear as "ajata, aviparinama asankhata, apaccaya, kalavimutta." Why? The arahat while attaining the arahatta phala, nibbana, will over-come the timeconcept, the space concept (kala-paatti, akalapaatti)etc., and will realize internally. Thus while realizing his khandha which is free from asava fluxions, he does not see any sign or form of formations. Therefore in accordance with two kinds of realizations, external and internal, the same ultimate paramattha . dhamma gets two names, sankhata asankhata, the conditioned and the unconditioned. In the same way, although nibbana is one and the same -disesa nibbana and anupa dhamma it also gets two names saupa disesa nibbana is accordance with two kinds of realizations. Therefore, without talking about the pariyaya names of nibbana, if we were to talk in terms of mere paramattha ultimate, the khandha of the arahat will be nibbana; nibbana will be the -. Only when we takes as above, it will agree with the khandha passages "nibbanampi khandhapaibaddameva visuddhimagga - - t 1ka ; "nibba nampi hikhandha paticca paapanato maha sarirasminyeva paapesi" sarattadipani; ae khandha aam - nam, aopuggaloti nahevam vattabee" kathavatthu; nibba "imasminyeva kalevare byamamatte samanake savianake lokanceva paapemi, lokasamudayaca, lokanirodhaca, - lokonirodhagaminipati-padaca" sagathavagga samyutta pal i. In . -na is not mentioned; the only these passages saupadisesa nibba nibbana is mentioned, therefore only a part of pariyaya nibbana should not be taken. If we take like that it will be the same as there is khandha - na and therefore isn't it contrary to the term in nibba khandhaparinibbana? No, I don't think it will be contrary to it. Why? Because Khandhaparinibbana should be noted as the term used for those who contemplate and see from outside. Even though the coarse khandha, upadhi, which has already been known from outside ceases and appeases, it should be taken that

a =Answer to the question on Nibbana

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ijy|mef;onf/

the continuity of santivanta khandha which can only be realized internally still remains and it is prominent. Even though it is - prominent the Buddha said to King Kosala; ''rupadisankha vimutti" is meant for those who know from outside. - Though it is called ''rupasankhavimutta," the anut1ka, . the commentary on tika says, nibbanam sukhumarupagatikanti viayati" Therefore even though it is said "saavimutta....p.... vinnana sankhavimutta,' the commentator of mulayamaka says, "namadhammati cattaro arupino khandha nibbananca." So nibba na is taken to be nama-mentality. Therefore, even though it is . not the coarse namarupa, yet it is liable to be namarupa, asankhata paramatth dhamma has been expounded in many ways as nibbana for the worldings who know from outside. Thus even though the continuity of the santivantakhandha is neither sassata nor uccheda, neither eternity nor annihilation, why do the teachers say ''sassata dhuva" ? Because in the knowledge of those who realize internally, even though the pannatticoncept of (upada, th1, bainga) is not visible, yet it is always appearing, it should be called ''dhauva" in accordance with the words of the grammarian of saddaniti, "duvanti . -nasseva adhivacanam bhavitum. arahati." I should like to nibba know whether it is proper to take that one and the same ultimate . . gets the two terms as sankhata and asankhata through external and internal knowledge. Swe Zang Aung 5-10-1917

eufeJvSaom twGif;uomodxdkufodtyfaom oEd0EcEmEk\ tpOf onfum; xif&Sm;&Sdonfom[k ,l&efoihf\/ odkY xif&Sm;&Sdaomfvnf; cEm[laom ynwfa[mif;udpe ]]lyg'docFg0drw}d } - [k jrwfpmbk&m; k G Yf k G udk,fawmfjrwfonf aumovrif;BuD;tm; a[mawmfrlavonf/ odkY a[mjcif;rSm tjyifzufuodaomolwdkYtzdkY jzpfayonf/ k D ]]lyocFg0drw} } qdaomfvnf; tEk#umq&mu ]]edAmeHocr k k k ly*wduEd 0dnm,wd}} qdkaomaMumihf ]]onmocFg 0drkw/ v/ 0dnmPocFg0drkw}} [kqdkaomfvnf; rlv,rdkuf t|uxmq&mtvdk tm;jzih f ]]emr"r m wd pw m a&m tl y d a em cE m ed A m e } } -[k qdkaomaMumihf edAmefudk emrfzufodkYqGJ\/ xdkYaMumihf kyfemrfMurf;r[kwf aomfvnf; kyfemrftvm;&Sdaom? 0g? cEm[k rac:qdktyfaomfvnf; cEmtvm;&Saom tocFw"mwf y&rww&m;udk edAmef[vnf;aumif;? d l edAmef\ y&d,m,ftoG,o,jf zihf wefqmqif tjyifzufuodMuaom f G ykxkZOfavmuDom;wdkYtzdkY a[m&ayonf/ odqtyfNy;D aom oE0EcEmtpOfonf owvnf;r[kwf Yk kd d Oap'vnf;r[kwfjzpfygvsuf tb,hfaMumifh ow"kwd-[k q&mwdkY qdkMujyefoenf;[lrl twGif;u0if odaomol\ todPfrSm Oyg'f XD bif[aom ynwfrxifaomfvnf; tpOfrjywfjzpfjzpfaeaomaMumihf l D d ]]"k0Ed edAmea0 t"d0peH b0dwkH t&[wd}} [laom o'ewq&m pum;t& "k0-[kac:qdxuonf/ odYk twGi;f tjyifojd cif;jzihf y&rwf k dk f wpfckwnf;onf ocFw tocFw[k ESpfrsdK;uGJaeyHkudk,lvQif oihfrnf roihfrnfudk odvkdygonfbk&m;/ /

pmrsufESm 19 rS rdrdtm;ay;cJhbl;wJh po,ywjrm;&wemrsdK;udk jrifvkduf&ygw,f/ tJ'tcgrSm ywjrm;&wemudvcsiwyfrufwavmb[m rkq;kd D k kd f hJ ykPm;&JUoPmefrmuyfNijd zpfay:vdvmygw,f/ vdcsiwyfrufwavmb S Yk k f hJ wPSmjzpfay:vm&if? r&&ifraeEdkifatmifpGJvef;uyfNidwJhOyg'gefqdkwJh wPSmtBuD;pm;[m vmrSmtrSefjzpfygw,f/ tJ'DOyg'gefqdkwJhw&m;u um,uH? 0pDuH? raemuHqdkwJh uHoHk;yg;u? urb0tjzpfeJY wPSm&JU trIawmfudk opm&Sd&Sdxrf;aprSmtrSefjzpfygw,f/ rodrIqdkwJh t0dZmzHk;vTrf;aewJhtwGuf tJ'Drkqdk;ykPm;[m ewfpnf;pdrfcHpm;apvsuf jyKpkbl;aom bl&d'we*g;rif; OykofoDv aqmufwnfaewJhae&mudk tvrm,fykPm;tm;jyoay;NyD;? ywjrm; &wemudk&,l&efjzpfygw,f/ tvrm,fykPm;u ywjrm;&wemudk if;a'0'wftavmif; ykPm;vuf0,fodkYay;tyfvdkufpOfcPrSmbJ? ywjrm;&wem[m ajrodkY avQmusNyD; e*g;jynfodkYjyefvnfa&muf&SdoGm;ygw,f/ a'0'wftavmif;ykPm;um rdrdvuf0,fa&muf&Sdawmhrnfh ywjrm;&wemvnf;qHk;IH;cJh&NyD;aemuf? om;jzpfolaomr'wfuvnf; 'Dvdkaus;Zl;rodwwfwJhtazrsdK;eJY raevdkNyD[kajymqdkESvHk;oGif;vsuf ewfrsm;udwiwnfum [dr0Emawmod0if &[ef;jyKom;ygawmhw,f/ k kd f Yk G a'0'wftavmif;aomr'wyPm;Bu;D rSm ywjrm;vnf;qH;k ? om;vnf;qH;k k &wJhtwGuf ,lBuHK;r&tylvHk;<uvsufom aeygawmhw,f/ uRerwdvom;rSeorQw[m ]]wpfa,mufaus;Zl;? wpfO;D arwm}} f Yk l f Ykd qdkovdk? ruif;&mruif;aMumif;? olYaus;Zl;udk,hfaus;Zl;&SdcJhMuzl;olawG

csnf;jzpfMuygw,f/ &efolyifjzpfvihfupm;? rdrdujyefvnf&efwHkYrljcif;rjyKbJ arwmw&m;xm;EdkifcJhMur,fqdk&if? tJ'D&efol[m rdrdtm;arwmyg&rD jznhfay;zdkY aus;Zl;&Sifwpfa,mufjzpfoGm;Edkifygw,f/ 'gaMumihf rdrdwdkY&JU aus;Zl;&Sifrsm;jzpfMuwJh cifyGef;BuD;q,fyg;wdkYtay:rSm aus;Zl;jyefvnf ay;qyfEiMf uwJh ynm&Soawmfaumif;rsm;jzpfMubdYk BuKd ;pm;Mu&rSmjzpfyg kd d l w,f/ bl&'we*g;rif;[m aomr'wyPm;rkq;kd &JUaus;Zl;&Sif taqG d k cifye;f aumif;tjzpfBu;D jzpfcayr,hvnf;? tvrm,fyPm;xHtyfNy;D 'ku G hJ f k a&mufapcJhwmjzpfvdkY? tavmif;awmfe*g;rif;&JU arwmtNyHK;rsm;udk aomr'wcrsm ]]aMomf..NyHK;onhfoPmef? rwHkYjyefbl;..? rSefrSmjy'g; uGmaeNyDxihf..}} [l qdkcsifrdygawmhw,f/ a&Tnmol (a&Tbdk)

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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]]'Dawmh nDrav;u w&m;pcef;vJ 0ifcsif? avQmufvnf;vnfcsi?f ESpu,cv&&if f kd f JG Ykd aumif;yghqNkd y;D qH;k jzwf&cufaew,fqygawmh}} kd ]]trSefyJ..trSefyJ..tJ'Dvdk..tJ'D vdk..}} ]]w&m;pcef;uvnf;av..wpfcgrS r0ifz;l awmh prf;vJ0ifMunhcsiw,f? oli,fcsi;f f f awGudkvnf; jiif;&rSmtm;emae..}} ]]tJ..]r} pum;jzwfajymvkuO;D r,f}} d f ]]nDrudk oBuFefvnfzdkYac:wJh oli,f csi;f awGrsm;rSmayhg? tJvvnfzac:wJoi,fcsi;f kd Ykd h l eJY w&m;pcef;oGm;&atmifwdkY? Oykof apmifh& atmifvdkYac:wJh oli,fcsif;? b,f'if;u ydkrsm; rvJ}} ]]vnfzdkYac:wJholawGuawmh ydkrsm; wmayhg ]r} &,f}} ]]tif;av..'DvdkygyJ..avmurSm t&uftvum;wdur,htaygif;toif;? rde;f r k f f cdk;vm&ifulnDcsifwJhtaygif;toif;? aysmfzdkYyg; zdkYqdk ulnDcsifolawGu aygrSayg/ w&m;pcef; 0ifz?Ykd w&m;yGom;zd?Yk 'kvb0wfzawGus aumif; J G Ykd wJhtvkyfawGrdkY wdkufwGef;wJh? tm;ay;wJh tul tnDay;wJholawG&Sdawmh&Sdw,f? &Sm;w,f}} ]]'gaMumihf ]r} wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfjrwfBuD;u ]38} jzm r*Fvmw&m; awmfxJrSm ]]vlrdkufudk a&Smifyg? olawmfaumif; udk aygif;yg}} qdwhJ r*Fvmw&m;awmfukd xdyq;kH k f u wifxm;wm? ta&;odyfBuD;vdkY xdyfqHk;uudk wifxm;wm..}} ]]uvsmPrdw? rdwfaqGaumif;u odyfta&;BuD;wm}} ]]'gaMumif h q&mawmf B uD ; awG u vlru"mwfu tifrwefu;l vG,w,f? raumif; kd f f wm BuHzdkY? ajymzdkY vkyfzdkYu tifrwefvG,fw,f/ tJ'g&JUqefusizuf Oykoapmihz?Ykd w&m;awGem Y f f f zdkY? arwmyGm;zdkY? 0dyemw&m;awGIrSwfzdkYus awm h tifrwefcufw,f ajymwm..}} ]]jrpdrf;awmifq&mawmfu a[mzl; w,f..vlrdkufqdkwmwJh(1) rdrqif;&JaMumif;? olwpfyg;qif;&J d aMumif;? rdrowpfyg;qif;&JaMumif;awGBupnf r,f? d l H tm;xkwr,f/ f (2) ig;yg;oDvrNrb;l / J (3) oHo&m0#fqif;&JrSvGwfajrmuf aMumif;jzpfwh J jrwfaomtusif h (jA[p&d,m) awG tusibJ ypfxm;r,fq&if vlruy?J rduf wJtxJ fh kd kd f k h ygoGm;wmyJw..}} hJ ]]q&mawmfq;kH rpum;t&ajym&r,f qdk&if.. nD r av;ud k oBuF e f v nf z d k Y a c:wJ h rdwfaqGawG[m eHygwf (3) vlrdkuftkyfpkxJrSm ygw,f/ raumif;rI'kpdkufawGudk ajymifajymif wif;wif; t&ufaomuf? zJdkuf? cdk;? qdk;aewJh vlrurS vlrur[kwb;l / 'guawmh tjyif;pm; dk f kd f f ayhg? tEkenf;eJruaewJvruawGvJ avmurSm Y kd f h l kd f trsm;BuD;yJ/ umr*kPf ]udavom} awGeJY aysmyg;Ny;D w&m;arhaewJoawGvJ vlrupm&if; f h l kd f xJ ygwmyJ/ Oyrm ]r} wdkYvdkayhg..}} ]]bmr[kwfwJh avmuDtvkyfawG? cifyGef;? om;orD;awG oHa,mZOftaESmiftzGJU awGeYJ aysmyg;aewm? ke;f rxGuEiwmvJ vlruf f f kd f dk yJ}} ]][kww,faemf..r..tJ'tEkenf;eJY f D rdkufwmu ydkcRwf&cufw,faemf}} ]]nDrav;u t&dyfjy taumifjrif em;vnfvG,fom;..}} ]]'g ud k , h f z momud k , f p Of ; pm;NyD ; qHk;jzwfwwfzdkY tpfru vrf;aMumif;av;jyay; Hk...}} ]]t&ifq;kH udavomawG&UJ qGaqmif J rIudk ]r} wdkYu onf;cHNyD;wGef;vSefypf&r,f}} ]]NyD;awmh pdwfajzmifhajzmifh? pdwf&Sif; &Sif;eJY udk,fu0efxrf;qdkawmh &wJhtcGihfta&; av; vufrvGwfapbJ oBuFefydwf&ufav;udk tusKd ;&S&toH;k cswtaeeJY oHo&mvGwajrmuf d dS hJ f aMumif;tvkyfav; pvkyfMunhfayhgnDr&,f}} pvkywtcse[m b,fawmhraemufrusb;l .. f hJ d f S OD;usnfayGUwdkYvdk ...}} ]]..............}} _______________ aemufwpfaeY olreJYawGUawmh.. ]]b,fvdkvJ nDrav;? qHk;jzwfcsuf csNyD;oGm;NyDvm;..}} olrudkufNyD;om;pmawGjyefnd&if; NyHK;NyD; uRefrbufvSnhfMunhfonf/ olrtNyHK;u t"dym,frsm;pGmESihf aocsmpGmqHk;jzwfcsufrcs&

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jyKjyifNy;D cefre;f ajcvsmxm;csut& XmetwGuf Y S f vdtyfaom "mwfccef;oH;k "mwkaA' ypn;f (Lab k JG chemicals) trS m pm&if ; twG u f pHcsdefpHTefowfrSwfcsufrsm; txufXmeodkY ay;zdkY&rnfjzpfojzihf Computer xkwfay;&ef ajymvmojzihf Computer XmepdwfodkY oGm;& onf/ pDra&;Xmevufatmuf&dS Computer H Xmepd w f o nf puf H k w pf H k v H k ; twG u f vd k t yf a ompm&if ; Z,m;rsm;? xG u f p mrsm;? tywfpOfjyefwrf;rsm;? pmacsmrsm;jyKpkay;& onf/ xdkXmepdwfwGif rdef;uav;0efxrf; csnf; av;OD;&SdNyD; xdk0efxrf;rsm;xJrS uRefrESifh pdkucsi;f wl? tBuKd ucsi;f vnf;wlaom nDri,f f f 0g0gESifh tvGr;f oihojzihf olrav;ESifh wGvyjf zpf f J k onf/ olrtvG,fwul pmdkufEdkif&ef "mwfcGJ cef;oHk;"mwkypnf;rsm;\ pHowfrSwfcsufrsm; ab;rS ac:ay;&onf/ tvkyfav;vkyfvkduf pum;av;ajymvk d u f E S i f h [d k t aMumif ; 'DtaMumif;av;awG ajymjzpfonf/ wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; pdwfygvufygpum; awG ajymjzpfw,fqdkwmuvnf; tawG;csif; xyfwr[kwawmif enf;enf;awmhqifO;D rS? cH,l l f csufjcif;uvnf; eD;pyfOD;rS pum;tay;t,l ajzmihfwmyg/ ,ckvnf; pum;awGajymMu&if; w&m;udkpdwf0ifpm;olav;u]]ajym&OD;r,f ]r} &,f? 'DESpfoBuFef ydw&ufukd ]0g} u w&m;pcef;vnf;0ifcsiw,f/ f f ol i ,f c sif ; awG u vnf ; avQmuf v nf M uzd k Y um;iSm;NyD;NyD? bmnmeJYvmajymaeMuw,f? bmvkyf&r,frSef;rodbl;}}

DHAMMA TALKS

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"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/ avQmufvnfae&if tdrrm tdrjf yefra&mufrcsi;f f S tenf;eJYtrsm;awmh yl&rSmyJ..}} _____________ 'DaeYawmh.... uRef r pm&if ; awG u d k tNyD ; owf uGefysLwmxJrS tacsmxkwf&rnfjzpfonf/ raeYuuGeysLwmduxm;wmawGjyefn?d jyefjyif? f k f tMurf;xkw?f ppfaq;Ny;D NyrYkd 'DaeYtacsmxkwNf y;D D vQifawmh uRefrtvkyfNyD;NyD/ ol r vnf ; w&m;pcef ; 0if j zpf z d k Y qHk;jzwfcsufav; cdkifcdkifrmrmcsEdkifygap[k uRefrawG;aerdonf/ onftcsdefrSmyJ wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif olru qdkvmonf/ ]]r &,f..0g av raeYu Hk;uae tdrfjyefa&mufawmh..0g t&rf;cspfwJh aMumif av;udk ab;tdru a&aEG;eJyufvuwm? olwYkd f Y dk f tdru ig;aMumfc;kd pm;vdwhJ r&,f? awmfawmfukd f Yk &ufpufwJhvlawG? vljzpfNyD; vlrqefwJhvlawG 0h g aMumif a v;[m t&rf ; cH p m;ae&wm? 0g awmif rMunh&ufb;l ? vl;vSrNhf y;D tdrua&muf f d f kd atmifajy;vm&Smwm? aorsm;aooGm;rvm; awmif xifwm? 0gvJ aq;awGbmawGvr;f ay; d csifwm? olYcrsm txdawmifrcHEdkif&Smbl;? 0g oem;vGef;vdkY rsuf&nfawmifus&w,f/ olwdkY udkvnf; rkef;vkdufwm ]r} &,f? oGm;NyD;udk &efawGUrvkdY}} ]]araru aeygapawmh orD;&,f? ajymraeygeJYawmh? rdjzLvJ t&ifu0#f&SdvdkY ckvdk cH&wm? jyKoltopf? jzpfolta[mif;rdkY tjypf rwifygeJYawmhuG,f? orD;vJ t&rf;cHpm;raeyg eJYawmh..}} wJh/ ]]arar tJvajymvkuawmh 0gav.. kd d f tJ'0#fqwmBu;D udk t&rf;udaMumufom;w,f/ D kd k G igvJ jzLrae&mrSm tJva&aEG;ylersm; tavmif; kd YJ cH&&ifqdkNyD; odyfaMumufoGm;wm..}} ]]tpfr ajymjyovdkayhg.. 0g wdkYu b0aygif ; rsm;pG m u aumif ; wmawG a &m? raumif;wmawGa&m rodbjJ yKcwuawG b,f hJ hJ H avmuf&SdrSef;rodbl;}} ]]rodwmrsm;? odyaMumufp&maumif; f ygvm;? rodvvycw,f? vkycwuowawGu Ykd k f hJ f hJ hJ H d aZmawG t jzpf e J Y aemuf b 0awG r S m vk d u f N yD ; tusdK;awGay;awmh raumif;wmvkyfxm;wJh aZmawG u d k ck b 0raumif ; rI q uf v k y f & if raumif;usK;d awGay;Ny;D aumif;rIvy&if 0dy k f emawGvkyf&if raumif;wJhuHaZmawG wm;Edkif w,fqawmh? raumif;uHjzwfwtvky?f 'Dw&m; kd hJ tvkyawG[m vkyuvyoihwmygvm;..vd}Yk } f f kd k f f ]]'D E S p f o BuF e f w if r [k w f ? aemuf ESpwi;f w&m;pcef;yJ0ifygawmhr,f tpfr&,f}} f dk ]]om"k-om"k-om"kyg&Sif}} twki;f rodaomMunfE;l 0rf;omrIrsm; d ESitwl xdre;f uav;i,f\vufawGuqyuif fh k d kd k f kd rdaom uRervufrm tiftm;awGb,favmuf f S rsm; jynhfESufaervJqdkwm.../ aoG; ("mwk) tTef;- r*Fvokwfawmf

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(1) vkyfief;rpwifrD BudKwifpOf;pm;&rnf? (2) aqmif&Guf&rnf? (3) pG r f ; pG r f ; wrH a qmif & G u f & ygrnf / xdkoHk;rsKd;wGif pGrf;pGrf;wrHqdkonfrSm owdudk qdkvdk\/ owd&SdvQif t&mcyfodrf;NyD;pD;atmif jrif z d k Y r sm;\/ (owd - ou-omrwd , H ? wd / olpdusrf;)/ rS w f r S w f o m;om;BuH K zl ; onf r S m cdiyijfh zLvdk &efuerm pmcsbe;f Bu;D jzpfvm aom k f G k f S k twlaezl;pmoifzufjzpfz;l ol &[ef; wpfyg;ESifh jyefvnfawGUqHkcGihf&cJh\/ olu cdkifyGihfjzLudk (t&S i f a & omoemawmf r S m y&d , wd u y"metusqH k ; yJ A s/ wynh f a wmf vnf ; pmcsbe;f Bu;D vkyf pmcsaew,f/ odwhJ twdi;f yJ/ k k pmcs-pmoifqwm cufcrawG trsm;Bu;D aygYAsm? kd J I avSorm;vdk owdarG; BudK;pm;&w,fav/ wuf u sKd ; awmh vuf e J Y a vS ud k avS m f c yf ? vuf a nmif ; vuf u sKd ; awmh ajcaxmufeJYavSudkavSmfcwf? urf;udka&muf w,fr[kwvm;) [k t"dyg ,fjynh0aom owd f f taMumif;udk xnhfoGif;ajymjyavonf/ owdpGrf;tm;onf tvGefxufjruf \/ rnfrQom[k wG fcsuf r&aumif;? ESrf; wpfaphESihf qDrjzpfEkdifaomfvnf; ESrf;aphaygif; rsm;pGm&&SdvQif qDjzpf\[laom jrefrma0g[m& twdkif; owdudk pkaqmif;? rsm;atmifarG;? taumif;qHk;jkzpfatmif toHk;cszdkY vdktyfyg onf/ &S i f a wmf j rwf A k ' o nf vl a wmf vlaumif;rsm;jzpfap&ef qkv'ftrnf&dS yef;wdif k udk a&mufaMumif;w&m;"rrsm; a[m`rGwfawmf rlxm;cJygonf/ xdoa[mMum;&mwGif vlra&; h k Ykd I pD;yGm;a&;? bmoma&;rsm;ESihfpyfvsOf; aphaph pyfpyf Mum;vyfr&Sdatmif a[mMum;vrf;Tef cJhonf/ tusOf;csKyftm;jzihf yxr yxrq&mESihf wynh?f rdbESiom;orD;? vifEir,m;? usi0wf fh S fh fh ponfrsm;? 'kwd, olawmfaumif;w&m; (7)yg; yg&rD(10)yg; w&m;awmfrsm;onf? wwd, opm(4)yg;? r*if(8)yg; w&m;awmfrsm;jzpf\/ pmrsufESm 32 okdY

qkv'fqonfrm vlom;wdYk awmihw kd S f aomyef;wdkifjzpfonf? yef;wdkifudk ololigig cspfjrwfEdk;\? ,if;yef;wdkifudk &,lEkdif&eftNydKif tqdkif,SOfNydKifBudK;yrf;Mu\/ yk*dKvfuGJjym;jcif;? pdwfydkif;qdkif&m jcm;em;jcif;rsm;aMumihf &nfrSef; csuf yef;wdkifuvnf; uGJjym;jcm;em;yg\/ vl q d k ; -vl , k w f r mrsm;ES i h f &S i f q d k ; &[ef ; qd k ; rsm;\ pd w f " mwf & nf & G , f c suf u aumufuspfpOf;vJNyD;? vlawmfvlaumif;rsm; &Sif&[ef;aumif;rsm;\ pdwf"mwf&nf&G,fcsuf rSm oefY&Sif;pifMu,fjcif;aMumihf ,if;wdkY\ &nfrSef;csufyef;wdkifonfvnf; rwluGJjym; jcm;em;oGm;awmh\/ ("m;awmifudkausmf rD;yifv,fudk jzwfrnf/ yef;r0ifcif avSwuf-rajrmufygeJY? rrDwJhyef;udk wHk;ckum vSrf;qGwf&rnf? oihf"m; wdkaevQif a&SUudk wpfvSrf;wdk;ckwfyg) tp&Sd aom a0g[m&rsm;ESifh (a,musm;wHce?f vl&nf f G cRefu aumif;uifwrGwf? Mu,fudkqGwfaomf? rvGwf pwrf;? &NrJvrf;wnf;) tp&Sdaom a&S;ola[mif;pum;rsm;onf yef;wdkifa&mufvdk olrsm;twGuf owdudk aygif;pyfay;xm;aom pdwf"mwfjrihfwifa&;? tm;aq;rsm;jzpfojzihf rSwom;zG,aumif;vSayonf/ &nf&,csuukd f f G f f ausmufcsxm;um tm;BudK;rmefwuf BudK;pm; Ekiojl zpfrvnf; yef;wdiukd arQmvihEiayonf/ d f S k f f f dk f yef;wdkifudk a&G;cs,f&mwGif todudk owdESihf xdef;uGyfvsuf aumif;rGefaom pdwf"mwf&nf &G,fcsufjzihf tjypfuif;aom yef;wdkifudkom a&G;cs,foihfyg\/ rsufuef;wapraMumuf pdwf"mwf rsK;d jzihf jyKvyBf upnfrnfqygu acsmufurf;yg; k H kd twGif; jyKwfusum tqHk;owfoGm;&ouJhodkY qif ; &J ' k u a wG E S i h f wavS B uD ; BuH K awG U um pdwfarm? vlarmjzpf&ayrnf/

m-rp & d , -avmb? a'go? arm[paom tukodkvfapwodufrsm; zHk;vTrf; um ud,Eifh rxduwefaom yef;wdiukd tjref k f S k f k f &,lcsifaom pdwf"mwf&nf&G,fcsufjzifh trSm; Bu;D rSm;cJaom r[myx0DajrBu;D aomfrS vufrcH h Ekdifaom ax&0g'omoemorkdif;rSm tusnf; wef tkyfqdk;tjzpf uAsnf;xdk;cHcJhMu&aom xdkolwdkYrSm vlqdk;BuD;ESpfa,muf&SdcJhzl;ayonf/ rd r d o mvQif Ak ' t rnf c H w pf q l w nf ; aom bk&m;jzpf&ayrnf[k rSm;,Gi;f aom cH,csujf zihf l jrwfAk'tm; y&dedAmeftjref pH0ifapvdk enf; trsKd;rsKd;jzihf vkyfBuHcJhaom &[ef;qdk; a'0'wf ESifh rif;{u&mZftjrefq;kH jzpfvNkd y;D teEaus;Zl; &Sif crnf;awmft&if; Adrdom& rif;BuD;udk axmifoGif;tusOf;csxm;um owfjzwfcJhaom &S i f a '0'wf \ wynh f j zpf o l tZmwowf bk & if j zpf M uavonf / ol w d k Y E S p f O D ; teuf &Sia'0'wfrm r[m t0Dpd i&JEifh tZmwowf f S S rif;rSm avm[ukrDi&JwGif epfjrKyfcHae&qJyif jzpfyg\/ if;wdkY\ vkyf&yfrsm;onf aemifw qd k a om pum;xuf yd k qd k ; ,k w f a om rdkufaemifw&p&mrsm;jzpf jyefvnfjyKjyif r&onfh vrf;qHk;odkY a&mufoGm;ayawmhonf/ if;wd\ vky&yfrsm;udk MunhvQif Ak'bmom0if Yk f f wd k Y aMumuf c ref ; vd v d jzpf z G , f yif w nf ; ? omrnpum;vHk; aemifw? rjzpfrd&if aomfrS &oih&xduaom tcGita&; tenf; trsm;udk f k f fh vufvGwf&wwfayonf/ odkYjzpf rnfonhf aemifwrS rjzpf&avatmif BuKd wif pOf;pm; um udp[lorQ vkyfoihfrSvkyf? jyKoihfrS jyK&ef vdktyfayonf/ tH 0 if c G i f u s uG u f w d j zpf & rnf [ k qHk;jzwfum jyKvkyfaeMuaomfvnf; BuHwdkif; rjzpfvmonfhjzpf&yfrsm; vlwdkif; BuHKzl;Muay rnf/ xdkodkY rjzpf&atmif-

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

28

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

tmHkpGJod ESpfoufyDwd
[de;f rif;xuf (pdefuefYvefY)
(5) z&PmyDwd (qDxdaom0g*Grf; uJhodkY wpfudk,fvHk;pdrfhaom yDwd) Munf o D ; arG ; n i f ; ? &T i f a pjcif ; [k enf ; rif ; jzpf b d ? xd k y D w d r S m ? ck ' d u mwnf ; / rMumjzpfysuf?vQyfppfxGufodkY? qufquf cP? jzpfwuvnf;? cPdumwGi\/ jrpfjyifvi;f vH;k ? kH f Id tdumzHk;odkY? udk,fvHk; oufaus? jzpfNyD;rSvQif? uG , f y avbd ? Mou E d r S w f ? wpd u J a rmuf ? udk,fvHk;ajrmuf atmif? yihfajrmufEdkifay? yD w d a wG r S m ? OaA * gwJ h ? uJ o mqih f a ygif ; ? csd e f c ganmif ; atmif ? qD a vmif ; 0g*G r f ; ? yrmvTrf;vsuf? vef;qef;pdrfhpdrfh? udk,fvHk;zdrfhrQ? qdrfhqdrfh onfrSm? z&Pmonf ..ig;jzmyDwd oabmwnf ; }} [l t&S i f Z eubd 0 H o u ]]oN*Kd [bmom#Dum}} usr;f wGif yDwoabmudk f d vuFma&;zGJUxm; ayonf/ (pm-102) yDwdjzpfaMumif; tmHkudkESpfoufaom yDwdjzpf&jcif; wdkYrSm(1) bk&m;*kPawmfukd atmufarhjcif;? f (2) w&m;*kPawmfukd atmufarhjcif;? f (3) oHCmh*Pawmfukd atmufarhjcif;? k f (4) rdrd\oDvudk qifjcifjcif;? (5) rdrd'geudk qifjcifjcif;? (6) ewfjynfa&mufaMumif;*kPfrsm; rdrd&Sdonfudk qifjcifjcif;? (7) udavomrsm;Nir;f aeonfuk d qifjcif d jcif;? (8) o'gcef;ajcmufoludk a&SmifMuOf jcif;? (9) o'gpdkajyoludk rSD0Jjcif;/ (10) &wemoH;k yg;*kPukd azmfjyaom f MunfE;l p&mw&m;rsm;udk qifjcifjcif;? (11) yDwdjzpfap&ef pdwfGwfjcif; wdkYjzpfMuonf/ (oH? |? w 195) yDwonf aomreESih f wpfaygif;wnf; d wGJvsufomjzpfonf/ xdkyDwdjzpfapEdkifaom taMumif ; rsm;ud k oH k ; oyf I j rif q if j cif y grl t&[wzvoYkd a&mufapEdiaMumif;? r[mowd kd f k f y|meokwf? a0'emEkyemydkif;]]Ak'g&rPH oHCm&rPHyDwH Oyga' wGm? wa'0 c,awm 0,awm oroaEm? t&[wH ygykPmwd/}} [k jrwfpGm bk&m; a[mMum;xm;ayonf / (r[mpnf q &m awmfb&m;- r[mowdy|meokwyg|fteuf pm k f 115) jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f o nf ud a vom tm;vHk;udk y,fjzwf? bk&m;tjzpfodkY a&muf&Sd awmfrpOf? bk&m;jzpfawmfr&m ]]r[maAm"dyvi}f } l l udk auseyfaomvuPm? vGefpGmESpfoufaom yDwdjzihf (7) &ufvHk; rrSdwfrokefMunhfaeawmfrl cJhonf/ w&m;tm;xkwfaom a,m*DwdkYudk vnf; w&m;udkoabmus w&m;xdkif&mrS rxcsifavmufatmif ]]yDwd}} pdwfu qGJaqmif xm;wwfayonf/ a,m*D\Pfwif ESpouf G f &TifysdKU? yDwdqdkY wNyHK;&Tif&Tif ay:vGifxif&Sm; aeaom yDwonf MouEumyDwrsKd ;ESifh z&Pm d d d yDwdrsdK;jzpfaewwfayonf/ aumif;rIwpfckckjyKvkyfaepOf? tvSL ay;aepOfwdkYwGif rdrd\vSLzG,fypnf;rsm;udk tvSLcHy*Kd vwu vufcusio;kH aeMuonfukd k f Ykd H fh Munhfvnf; yDwdjzpfwwfayonf/ aomPaum#duP0wK t0Ewi;f ? aum#duPaomPrax&f d kd \ r,fawmfBuD;onf nOhftcg &SifaomP rax&f w&m;a[monf u d k emMum;aepOf cdk;om;udk;&mwdkYonf tdrfay:wuf a&T? aiG? ypnf;wdkYudk cdk;,lavonf/ uRef r uod r,f a wmf B uD ; tm; today;ajymMum;aomtcg? r,fawmfBuD;u ]],lvwi;f ,lMuap? w&m;emysuatmifrajym kd kd f vmESihf}} [k uRefrtm;jyefvnfajymMum;vkduf onf/ r,fawmfBu;D onf w&m;*kPawmfrsm;udk f atmufarh yDwdjzpfaeaMumif; xif&Sm;onf/ cd k ; om;rsm;onf r,f a wmf B uD ; \ ajymMum;rIudk em;qwfqwfMum;vkduf&aom tcg? r,fawmfBuD;tay: tvGefMunfndKpdwf jzpfvmMuojzihf cdk;,lxm;aomypnf;rsm;udk ae&mwus jyefvnfxm;vduNf y;D ? t&SiaomP k f xHarSmuf &[ef;jyKMuavonf/ t&SiaomP f pmrsufESm 35 okdY

yDwd (Delightful Satisfaction) [l onftmHkudk ESpfoufjcif;jzpfonf/ ukodkvf? tukodkvfoabma&maESmyg0if,SOfwGJaom aMumihf yudPu (yudPf;apwoduf) [k ac: onf/ yDwdapwodufonf(1) 0dwuf (or,kwfw&m;wdkYudk tmHkodkYa&S;I wifjcif;/ (2) 0dpm& (tmHkudkoHk;oyfjcif;) (3) t"darmu (tmkHudk qHk;jzwfjcif;) (4) 0D&d, (tm;xkwfjcif;) (5) yDwd- (tmHkudkESpfoufjcif;) (6) qE (tmHukd tvd&umrQjzpfjcif;) [laom k k dS yPdPf;apwoduf (6) yg; tygt0ifjzpfonf/ ]]ydaPwdwdyDwdom ord,m,e vuPm? um,pdwyPe&om Mo'*sypKy|m D em? ck'ucPdaum- uE- ukaA*gz&P d d wdp/ (udk,fpdwfESpfyg;udk ESpfoufjynhfNzdK; yGm;wdk;apwwfaomaMumifh yDwdrnf\/ yDwd onf tmHkudk ESpfoufaom vuPm&Sd\/ tmH k u d k ES p f o uf & T i f v ef ; aompd w f a Mumih f yPDwpdwZkyrsm;u wpfu,v;kH ysUH ESaponf/) f kd f YH yDwdtrsdK;tpm; yDwd (5) rsdK;&Sdonf/ (1) ck'umyDwd (Muufo;D arG;ni;f xHk d rQ ao;i,fpGmjzpfaomyDwd) (2)cPdumyDwd (vQyppfjyufouJoYkd f h cPcPjzpf? cPcPysufaomyDwd) (3) MouEumyDwd ('Da&vdi;f vH;k Bu;D d I vTrf;zHk;vmouJhodkY wpfudk,fvHk; vTrf;zHk;ouf a&mufaom yDwd) (4) OaA*gyDwd (rdrt[kejf zihf ud,ukd d k f txufodkYajrmufEdkifaomyDwd)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

29

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wpf B ud r f w pf c grQ zl ; ajrmf vS L 'gef ; cG i h f r&Muojzif h AE K rrif ; BuD ; tm; raus reyf j zpf v mMuawmh o nf / okaomf jynfowrm bk&ifBu;D Yd l Ykd S tm; wkdufkduf ajymqkd0Hhol r&S d o jzih f AE K rrif ; BuD ; \ ta&;ay; jcif ; uk d c H & aom ppfolBuD;xH csOf;uyftultnD awmif ; Muavonf / ppf o l B uD ; u ]]aumif ; NyD ? oif w k d Y u k d igul n D rif;Bu;D xH&atmif avQmufMum;ay;rnf? okaomf Yd igh u k d t cG i h f t a&;wpf c k ay;&rnf } }[k awmif;qkdavvQif jynfolwkdYu ]]b,fvkdtcGihf ta&;rsKd ; ygvJ } } [k a r;\/ ppf o l BuD ; u ]]bk & m;&S i f t m; zl ; ajrmf v S L 'gef ; cG i h f & cJ h v Qif yxrOD;qk;H aomaeYudk ightm;ay;&rnf}} [kq\/ dk jynfolrsm;uoabmwlojzihf ppfolBuD;vnf; bk&ifBu;D tm; avQmufxm;ay;&ef 0efcuwday; H vkdufavonf/ aemufwpfaeYwGif ppfolBuD;onf wki;f oljynfom;wktm; OD;aqmif AEKrrif;Bu;D d Yd xH 0ifa&mufcpm;avonf/ ppfolBuD;// t&S i f r if ; BuD ; jynf o l r sm; u rausreyfjzpfaeaMumif;ygbk&m;/ rif;BuD;/ / [,f ppfolBuD; igonf w&m; ESitnD tkycsKyaeygvsuf b,ftwGuf fh f f h aMumifh rausreyfjzpfMu&ygoenf;/ ppf o l B uD ; / /wpf j cm;r[k w f y gbk & m;? t&Sifrif;BuD;u jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifukd jynfolwdkY tm; zl;ajrmfvSL'gef;cGihfrjyKaomaMumihf jzpfyg onfbk&m;/ rif;BuD;/ / toifppfolBuD; 0dyD jrwf p G m bk & m;onf ig\om;awmf j zpf o nh f twGuf igomvQifjyKpkvkyfauR;&rnf? jynfol wkdYtm; vkyfauR;cGihfrjyKEkdifyg/ jynfolrsm;/ / t&Sifrif;BuD; ]bk&m;qkd onfrm ow0gtm;vk;H wk\ uk;d uG,&m} jzpfyg S Yd f onf? t&Sirif;Bu;D wpfyg;wnf; uk;d uG,jf cif;rSm f rw&m;yg/ uJhokdY ppfolBuD;ESihfwuG jynfol trsm;u 0di;f 0ef;avQmufxm;Muojzihf AEKrrif; k crsm rwwfomawmhojzihfrif;BuD;/ / ukdif; 'gjzihf ighukdaemuf xyf ckepfESpfavmufawmh vSL'gef;cGihfjyKyg/ jynfolrsm;/ / t&Sifrif;BuD; ckepfESpfrSm rsm;vSonf? vufrcHEkdifyg/ okdYjzihf rif;BuD;vnf; ajcmufESpf? ig;ESpf? av;ESpf ponfjzihf avQmhavQmh awmif;vm&m aemufqkH;ckepf&ufom &av awmhonf/ jynfowvnf; rif;Bu;D xHrtcGi&NyD l Ydk S hf jzpf 0rf;ajrmuf&Tifvef;pGmjzihf a&Teef;awmfrS jyefom;Muavonf/ AEKrrif;Bu;D vnf; ckepfEpf G S vSL'gef;&rnhf vSLzG,fypnf;wkdYukd ckepf&ufESifh tNyD ; vS L 'gef ; &ef p D r H BuD ; us,f c rf ; em;vS pGmaom tvSLukday;\/ ckepf&ufjynhfaom tcgwGif rif;BuD;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Siftm; ]]bk e f ; awmf B uD ; awmf r l a om jrwf p G m bk & m; wk d i f ; ol j ynf o m;wk d Y t m; oem;csD ; jr i h f a wmf rljcif;iSm <uawmfrlyg bk&m;? wynhfawmfonf t&Sifbk&m;tm; &moufyefauR;vSL'gef;vkdyg aomf v nf ; jynf o l j ynf o m;wd k Y \ qE u k d rvGefqefEkdifomcGihfjyK &ygonfbk&m;}} [k 0rf ; yef ; wenf ; rsuf & nf 0 J v suf k d a opG m avQmufxm;avvQifbk&m;&Sifu ]aumif;ygNyD} [k 0efcHawmfrl\/ jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f t m; jynf o l w d k Y vSL'gef;ylaZmfcGihf&vQif a&S;u uwdu0wf twkdif; yxrOD;qkH;aeYukd ppfolBuD;u vSL'gef; yl a Zmf c G i h f & onf j zpf & m jrwf p G m bk & m;tm; tvSLcH<u&efavQmufxm;Ny;D vQif ppfoBl u;D onf rGefjrwfvSpGmaom qGrf;cJzG,f abmZOf wdkYukd txl;pDrHcsufjyKwfxm;onf/ jrwf p G m bk & m;<ua&muf a wmf r l r nf h v rf ; wG i f vnf; tapmihftMuyfwkdYukd csxm; rnfolrQ qGrf;vSL'gef;jcif;rjyKEkdifatmif aqmif&Gufxm; \/ xkdtcsdefwGif NrKdUwGif;&Sd olaX; uawmfBuD; wpfOD;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; a&S;OD;pGmvSL'gef;

b' u r m rS aemuf o k d Y j yef a&wGufvQif(91)urmxufumvu jzpfyg onf / xk d u r m wG i f ]0d y D j rwf p G m bk & m;} xif&Sm;yGihfawmfrlaomtcg AEKrwDjynfukd ]AEKrrif;}onf w&m;ojzihf tkyfcsKyfpkd;pHvsuf&Sd onf/ xkdAEKr rif;BuD;um; 0dyDjrwfpGm bk&m;\ zcrnf;awmf yifjzpfonf/ rif;BuD; onf omoemawmfukd ouf0if,kHMunfonhf tjyif 0dyDjrwfpGmbk&m;rSm rdrd\om;awmf jzpf a omaMumif h ol \ eef ; awmf w nf & S d & m O,smOftwGif;yif ausmif;awmfBuD;ukd wnf aqmuf bk & m;&S i f E S i h f w uG oH C mawmf taygif;wdkYtm; oDwif;okH;apNyD; aeYpOfqGrf; vkyauR;vsu&onf/ rif;Bu;D vnf; o'gw&m; f f dS buf tvkdavmbBuD;rdojzihf rdrd\om; bk & m;tm; rnf o l w pf O D ; wpf a ,muf u k d r Q zl;ajrmfci?hf vSL'gef;cGiuray;bJ rdrwpfO;D wnf; G fh dk d om vSL'gef;vdkonfjzpf eef;awmfESihfbk&m; ausmif;awmfBu;D ukd pBuF ewfvrf;jzihf oG,wef; H f qef;jym;pGmwefqmqifNy;D vQif tjyifvrjrif l Ekdifatmif wif;wdrf uefYvefYumwdkYjzihf um&H xm;\/ okdYjzihf rif;BuD;onf olwpfOD;wnf; bk&m;&SifESihfoHCmawmfwdkYtm; qGrf;vkyfauR; vmcJhonfrSm ckepfESpfESihf ckepfvyifMumoGm; cJhacsNyDjzpfonf/ xkda&mtcg wkdif;oljynfom;wkdYrSm 0dyDjrwfpmbk&m; yGivmcJonfrm ckepfEpyif G fh h S S f ausmf v mcJ h N yD j zpf a omf v nf ; rd r d w k Y d r S m

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ qefYusifbuftaMumif;awGaMumifh azmufjyef wwf w J h y&rw o abmw&m;ouf o uf u d k ac:a0:ynwfwwfwJh trnfyJjzpfygw,f/ edAmefqwmuvnf; wPSmt<uif;rJh dk csKyfwJhoabm? avmbrD;pwJh wpfq,hfwpfyg; aomrD;wdYk Nir;f at;jcif; tocFwy&rwfoabm d w&m; oufoufudk ac:a0:ynwfvkdufwJh trnfygyJ/ eHygwf(2)u t0dZmrmeynwfyg/ xif&m;r&SwynwfawG&UJ trnfrsm;jzpfygw,f/ S d hJ Oyrmtm;jzihf ig olwpfyg; a,musfm; rdef;r trnfwdkYyg/ xdktrnfwdkY[m tac:om&Sd y&rwtm;jzihf wu,fxif&Sm;&SdwJhtrnfrsm; r[kwfMuygbl;/ eHygwf(3) 0dZmrmaee t0dZmrme ynwf xif&Sm;&SdwJh y&rwtrnfESihf xif&Sm; r&Swynwfukd aygif;Ny;D ac:wJtrnfrsm; jzpfyg d hJ h w,f/ Oyrm- tbdnmOf&yk*dKvf? aomwmyef yk*dKvf pwJhtrnfrsm;jzpfygw,f/ tbdnmOf? aomwmyef? ou'g*grfwdkY[m y&rwtm;jzihf xif&Sm;&SdwJhtrnfrsm;jzpfygw,f/ yk*dKvfqdkwm u xif&Sm;r&SdwJh ynwftrnfoufoufjzpfyg w,f/ eH y gwf ( 4)t0d Z m rmaee? 0d Z m S d S S d rmeynwf xif&m;r&SwhJ ynwfEifh xif&m; &SwhJ y&rwtac:ta0:udk aygif;NyD;ac:wJh trnf rsm;jzpfMuygw,f/ Oyrm- rdef;rtoH? yef;teHY trnfwdkY[m y&rwtm;jzihf xif&Sm;r&SdwJh rd e f ; ryef ; wd k Y u d k xif & S m ;&S d w J h y&rwf t rnf r sm;eJ Y a ygif ; NyD ; ac:xm;wm jzpfygw,f/ eHygwf (5) 0dZmrmaee? 0dZmrme ynwf xif&Sm;&SdwJh y&rwESihf xif&Sm;&SdwJh y&rw t ac:ta0:wd k Y u d k aygif ; NyD ; ac:wJ h trnfrsm;jzpfygw,f/ Oyrm- puK0dnmPf? puKESihf 0dnmPfwdkY[m xif&Sm;&SdwJh y&rw tcsi;f csi;f yl;aygif;ac:a0:w,fvYkd rSw&ygr,f/ f aemufqHk; eHygwf(6) t0dZm rmaee? emuf rmeynwf t0dZmrmeynw xif&Sm;r&SdwJh ynwfESihf xif&Sm;r&SdwJhynwftac:ta0:udk aygif;NyD; ac:wJ h trnf r sm;jzpf M uygw,f / Oyrmrif;om;? ewforD;wdkYyg/ rif;uvnf; ynwf? om;uvnf; ynwfygyJ/ 'Dynwf (6) yg;rSm eHygwf (2) jzpfwJh t0dZmrme ynwf uae cGxuwhJ tjcm;ynwfawGvnf; &Sygao;w,f/ J G f d tJ'D ynwfawGu (1) emrynwf- taMumif; wpf c k ck u d k tpG J j yKNyD ; ac:wJ h t rnf ? taMumif ; rJ h a c:wJ h trnf w d k Y y g/ Oyrmaumif ; jrwf w J h twd w f edrdwfaqmifNyD;ac:wJhOD;ba|;? armifouf&Snf wdkYvdk ynwfawGayhg/ eHygwf (2) yHkoPmeftrsdK;rsdK;udk pGJNyD; awmh qif jrif; uRJ EGm; ponfjzihfac:MuwJh eynwf oPmeynw/ tdrf vSnf;pwJh opfom;wdkY\ tpkta0;udkac:wJh orl[ynwf? tpdkiftcJ wpfcktjzpfESihfac:wJh Ceynw ? Oyrm Ceynwf xef;vsufcJ oMum;cJ / t&yfav;rsufESm? t&yf & S p f r suf E S m vd k Y a c:wJ h 'd o mynwf ? tcsd e f t cgvd k u f ac:MuwJ h u mvynwf ? kyfawG[m tjzpftysufr&Sd wpfqufwnf; wnf&Sdaew,fvdkYxifrSwfNyD; i,fi,fwkef;u kyf[m ,ckkyfyJjzpfw,f/ i,fi,fwkef;u todpdwf[mvnf; ,cktodpdwfyJvdkY txif trSwfvGJrSm;jcif;jzihf ac:wJhynwfwJh oEwd ynwf q d k N yD ; razmuf r jyef r S e f w J h o abmeJ Y rSnhfxm;wJh trnfawGvnf; &Sdygao;w,f/ y&rwfqdkwmu t[kwfwu,f&Sd trSef&Sdjcif;aMumihf jrwfonf[kqdk&wJh oabm w&m;awG[m y&rwfjzpfygw,f/ 'Dy&rwfudk razmufrjyefrSefwJhoabm&SdvdkY y&rwopmvdkY vnf ; ac:ygao;w,f / 'D y &rwf u vnf ; pmrsufESm 28 rS rax&fxrS ur|mef;,lNy;D awmausmif;opfyif H &if;wdkY w&m;tm;xkwfMuonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf *Euk#dwdkuf awmfrSaevsuf? ,lZemwpf&mESpfq,fuGma0; aom xdk&[ef;wdkYxH a&mifjcnfawmfvTwf? teD; &yfawmfrlouJhodkYjzpfNyD;? *gxm (9) yk'f udk a[mMum;awmfrlonf/ a[mMum;aom ow r ajrmuf *gxm]],awm ,awm orowd? cEmeH O',A,H/ vbwD yDwygarmZ?H d trwEH 0dZme wH/ ("ry'ygVdawmf bduK 0*f) [k a[mMum;cJhay onf/ ]]cEmig;yg;wdkY\ jzpfjcif; ysufjcif;udk oHk;oyf\/ muf xdtcg yDwygarmZ ESpouf0rf;ajrmuf k d f jcif;udk&\/ xdEpouf0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf ynm&Sd k S f /}} wdkYtm; edAmefwdkY a&mufaMumif; wnf;/ [k yDwd tESpfom&udk a[mMum; cJhayonf/ w&m;IrSwfaoma,m*Donf tmHk (6) yg;wd\ jzpfr?I ysurwuawGUjrif&? tedp? Yk f I Ykd kd

35

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'ku? tewvuPmrsm;udk odjrifvm onf/ xd k t cg 0rf ; omrI j zpf a y:wwf o nf / umr*kPEirpyfqiaom yDwaomrersm; f S hf kd f d jzpf ed&mrdookc[kvnf; ac:qdkonf/ xdkyDwdaomre (ed&mrdookc) onf ]]O',A,}} Pfjzpfcgp wm;r&qD;r& Edkifatmif tvGeftuJjzpfay:wwfonf/ cEm ig;yg;wdkY\ jzpfysufudk IrSwf&if;? Pfjzihf oH;k oyfjI rifqifjcifaomtcg? ESpoufrI ]yDw}d ? f 0rf;ajrmufrI ]]ygarmZ}} wdkYonfvnf; ukefqHk; aysmufysufoGm;NyD;? t&[wzdkvfwdkifatmif qdkufa&mufoGm;wwfayonf/ 0dyemPfEiwuGjzpfaom yDwd S hf onf ightm;r*fw&m;&Ny[k xif&avmufatmif D rjzpfpzl;xl;uJpmjzpfay:wwfNy;D ? 0dyemPf G \ ab;&ef q ,f y g;wG i f tygt0if j zpf ? odrf;qnf;Edkifatmif owd&SdMu&rnf jzpfygo wnf;/ Tef;-oN*dK[fbmom? #Dum(pm 100 102) r[mowdy|meokwf? a0'emEkyem? [def;rif;xuf (pdefuefYvefY)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

36

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ul ; ajymif ; qJ ul ; ajymif ; umv oBuFef&ufrsm;twGif; ylavmifjyif;jy*drEtm; at;jraz;ul a&tvSLukd ay;vSLapaMumif; apwemtaygif;ESihf oGef;avmif;trI ESpfpOfjyK vkyfaeMuav\/ uJoYdk cspp&m? ESpoufp&m? wefz;dk h f f xm;p&maumif ; aom twmoBuF e f t m; rkef;p&m?rJhp&m? &GHp&m? aMumufp&mjzpfatmif jyKvkyfzefwD;aeMuolrsm;vnf; &Sdaeygao;\/ wpfEpwpfcg?taysmveu?J oBuetwmyG/ S f f G f F f J ckduf&efrl;l;? tjzpfrsKd;usL;? oBuFefykH&dyfxl;/ &SufzG,fjyo? tvSty? oBuFefcgor,/ okdYpmcsJU? uAsmzGJU&avmufatmif tcsKUd aom vlBu;D ? vli,f? trsK;d om;? trsK;d orD; rsm;wk d Y o nf ,Of a us;rI u G , f a ysmuf omoemab;a&mufatmifukdyif rawmfrw&m;ajymqkd vkyuif 0wfqif aexkif f dk d aeMuonfukd jrifawGUae&yg\/ wk d i f ; jynf w pf j ynf \ wef z k d ; onf vlrsK;d wGiwm0ef& vlrsK;d wpfrsK;d \wefz;dk onf f dS tpOftvmk;d &m,Ofaus;rItay:wGif qufpyf wnfrae\/ wki;f jynfEivrsK;d *kPwifap&ef D d S fh l f h twGuf tokH;tEIef;ajymqkdpum;? 0wfpm; qif,ifrI("avhxkH;pH)? trsKd;om;,Ofaus;rI? tqkdtutEkynm,Ofaus;rIwdkYonf tESpf tom;jynh0pGmjzihf rSwausmufwifurn;f xk;d f f Ekdif&ayrnf/ kd;&mrysuf tpOftvmqufcJhMu aom jrefrmwkdY\oBuFefonf acwfESihftnD wkd;wufajymif;vJrIrsm;&SdcJhNyD? *kPf,laysmfarGU ES p f o uf p &mawG awG U jrif c J h & aomf v nf ; qkwf,kwfusqkH;rItwGuf tusnf;wefqkd;0g; vGef;aomtjyKtrl tajymtqkd tjyiftqif awGukdvnf; odjrifae&ay\/ xdkYaMumifh [kd;wpfcsdefu (umwGef; pHa&Tjrif)\ ]0rf;om&rSmvm;? 0rf;enf;&rSmvm; h rd o d e f ; Munf } } qk d a om k y f j ypmtk y f r S acgif;pD;av; ukd jyefvnftrSwf&rdygonf/ ]urmay:rSm jrefrmjynf[m t,Ofaus;qkH; wk d i f ; jynf w pf c k y g} [k oD q k d c J h a omaw; oDcsif;pmom;av;ukd tvGwf&aeqJyg/

oBuFef[laom pum;vkH;ukd ygVdvkd (ouFE)[k ac:qkMd uNy;D o'genf;t& (ouF&) oBuFefESihf? (tE)twm[l twmoBuFef[k qkdum jrefrmwkdY\ESpfopful;yGJESihf a&upm; yG J a wmf t jzpf Ek d i f i H w pf 0 ef ; vk H ; d k ; &m"avh ,Ofaus;rItpOftvmwpf&yftaejzihf ESpfpOf usif;yjyKvkyfaeMuqJjzpfygonf/ oBuFef\oabmrSm a&GUvsm;jcif;? ajymif;vJjcif;? ul;ajymif;jcif;jzpf twm[l onfwpfcEiwpfctMum; tydi;f tjcm;jzpf\/ k S fh k k xkdYaMumifh ESpfa[mif;ukdpGefYypfvkdY ESpfopfukd zGihfvSpfzkdY wpfESpfESihfwpfESpf tajymif;tvJ tydkif;tjcm;Mum;umvukd twmoBuFef[l ac:qkdokH;EIef;Muygonf/ Ak'bmom0ifjrefrmjynfom;wkdYonf jrefrmou&mZfwpfESpfukefqkH; ESpfopfokdYul; ajymif;&ef ul;ajymif;ptcsdefwGif ESpfa[mif;rS t<uif;tuseftnpftaMu;rsm; ESpfopfodkY ul;0ifygrvmap&ef ESpfqef;wpf&ufaeYokdY ra&mufrpyfMum; tdrwi;f tdrjf yifoef&i;f jcif;? D f G Y S npfEGrf;aeaom tokH;taqmifypnf;rsm;ukd aq;aMumoef Y p if j cif ; ? a[mif ; EG r f ; ,k d , G i f ; NyD;aomtokH;aqmifypnf;rsm;ukd vJvS,fjyK jyifjcif;? tdr&mtaqmufttHwudk trk;d tum f k Ykd topf w yf q if j cif ; rsm; jyKvk y f a qmif &GufMuygonf/ tcgBuD;&ufBuD;[kqkdaom oBuFef &ufumvtwGif; tvkyfydwf&uf? ausmif;ydwf &ufrsm;vnf;jzpfomoemtp 'geuqkonhf d

twkdif; NrKdU? &Gm? &yfuGuf? rdom;pkwdkYonf wpfrdom;pkcsif;aomfvnf;aumif;? pkaygif; aomfvnf;aumif;? tpmtm[m&rsm; auR;arG; vSL'gef;ukodkvfjyKMuygonf/ tm;&ufem;&uf jzpfonhftwGuf wpfaeYwpf&uf wPSmhuRef tjzpfrSuif;vGwf&ef &nfoef OykofoDvcH,l apmihfxdef;Mujyef\/ xkdYxuf pGrf;Ekdifolrsm;rSm bkef;BuD; ausmif;ESiw&m;pcef;&dyomrsm;okYd oGm;a&muf fh f NyD; kyfemrf"rocFg&wkdY\ jzpfrIysufrItpkpkukd Iqifjcif jzpfysufjrif? jzpfysufrkef;? jzpfysuf qkH;atmif (okdYr[kwf) bm0emtxkHyg&rDjzpfap jcif;iSm pGrf;Ekdifoa&GUw&m;ESihfaysmfarGUaeMuyg awmhonf/ NrKd U &G m ? &yf u G u f ? vrf ; rsm;vnf ; pkaygif;nDnmpGm ab;rJhig;vTwfyGJ? EGm;vTwfyGJ? tnpftaMu; uif;pifap&ef oa&mfuifyGef;? acgif ; avQmf & nf t vS L ay;jcif ; ES i h f ouf B uD ; &G,ftkdvlBuD;olrrsm;tm; acgif;avQmfa&csKd; oef Y p if a puk o d k v f , l M uNyD ; tzk d ; tzG m ; q&morm;wkdY\*kPfukd&nfarQmf aomfvnf; aumif;? vGefusL;rdaom tjypfwkdYwif&Sdaeygu ajyaysmufap&eftwGuf aomfvnf;aumif;? oufBuD;ylaZmfyGJuefawmhyGJ rsm;usif;yjyKvkyfMuNyD; ESpfopfESpfqef;wpf&uf aeYnaecif;wGif &yfuGuftvkduf? vrf;tvkduf q&mawmf? oHCmawmft&Sifoljrwfrsm;tm; yihfzdwfum y&dwfur0ga'oemrsm;&Gwfzwf ylaZmfem,l Muygonf/

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ 'D o D c sif ; pmom;av;\t"d y m ,f BuD ; jrwf r I u k d ,aeY r sKd ; quf o pf v l i ,f r sm; vufqifurf;yck;H ajymif;wm0ef,oihMf uay\/ h l tyiftkdtyifa[mif;rsm; jzpfoGm;Muaom vl B uD ; rd b wd k Y r S v nf ; aemuf w pf c sd e f w G i f teHY t&omESifh jynhppmoD;yGivmrnfrsK;d quf f Hk G fh h opf&ifaoG; &wemav;rsm;tm; at;jronhf t&dyftm0go ESifhwlonhftqkH;trrsm;ukd ajymMum;vdkY a&SUaqmifaexkdifoGm;zdkY vkdtyf ygrnf/ a&S ; ,cif u yd a wmuf a rT ; jr oBuF e f v uk d a&muf N yD q k d v Qif aiG z vm;eJ Y a&upm;xGufcJh Muaomfvnf; ,cktcgrSm awmh toufSL&yf? rTefxlusyfatmif0kdif;0ef; yd w f q k d Y aqmh u pm;MuNyD ; uk d , f c sif ; rpm tm;remwwfolrsm;rSm cGufapmif; eJYckwf? a&abmf v k H ; eJ Y y pf ? roef Y & S i f ; aoma&ES i h f yufjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfMuum ajErJh? odumrJh? t&Suf&atmiftxdyif jyKrlaeMuonfrsm;ukd jrifawGUae&\/ a,musf m ;av;ES i h f rd e f ; uav; &if a bmif w ef ; aomacwf oBuF e f t cg or,wGiftrsKd;orD;i,frsm; (tcsKdUtrsKd;orD; BuD ; rsm;)rvk H Y w vk H 0 wf p m;yk H E S i h f rl ; ,pf aomuf p m; tvG e f t uRH a ysmf y g;aeaom jrifuGif;rsm;ukdvnf; jrifawGU&ayonf/ tjyiftqif tjyKtrlrsKd;awG aMumih f ,Of a us;rI p k H n D ? jref r mjynf o nf a&S ; wG i f & if a v;&wuf rat;p&mrsm; jzpfaeavrvm;[k awG;xifrdygonf/ ]]ig;yg;tmkH? pGJvrf;qkH? ab;BuKHawGU pNrJ}} qkdonhftwkdif; tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? awGUxdp&m[laom tmkig;yg;aemuf H okdY txdef;tuGyfrJhaumufaumufygatmif uyf N id w G , f w mvk d u f y gaeMurnf q k d v Qif a'oemawmfAm&mPoDjynf jA['wfrif;Bu;D wGif om;awmfaygif;rsm;pGm&Sdawmfrlav&m ti,fqkH;rif;om;onf xD;eef;ukdqufcH&ef cJ , Of ; vS tjcm;t&yf rif ; jyK&aomf oihfrnf[k BuHpnf avonf/ xk d Y a Mumif h e ef ; awmf o k d Y qG r f ; pm; <uawmfrlvmaom yapuAk'gwdkYtm; csOf;uyf vsuf t jcm;t&yf rif ; tjzpf & Ek d i f r nf h taMumif;ar;avQmufaomf jynfrS,lZem wpf&mhESpfq,f uGma0;aomwuokdvfjynfodkY ckepf&ufjzihta&mufom;EkivQif rif;tjzpfudk f G d f &Ek d i f a Mumif ; ES i h f xk d c &D ; vrf ; tMum;wG i f bDvl;rwkdYonf tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? aumif;rGefEl;nHhaomtawGUwkdYESihf jzm;a,mif; aoG ; aqmif owf j zwf p m;aomuf w wf N yD ; tmkig;yg;aemuf odYk rvkuratmif ]owdwrH? H d f d Pfajruwkwf}jyKvkyf oGm;&rnfjzpfaMumif; owday;awmfrlavonf/ rif;om;onf pdwf"mwfckdifrmaom tazmfig;a,mufudk ac:aqmifvsuf wuovf dk jynfokdYoGm;av\/ vrf;c&D; bDvl;rwdkYonf NrKdU&GmtoGifzefqif;um wyfrufzG,fkyftqif;? om,memaysmfzG,ftoH? arT;BuKdifaomteHY? aumif;rGefaomt&om tpm;taomufwkdYESihf El ; nH h a omtd y f & mae&m tawG U txd w d k Y j zih f vSnhfjzm;odrf;oGif;Muav\/ tmkHtoD;oD;wkdY om,mwyfrufrd aom tazmfig;OD;wkdYonf bDvl;rwkdY\tpmjzpf &um rif;om;wpfOD;wnf;qufvufxGufcGm vm&m bD v l ; rwpf a umif o nf rif ; om;\ tom;ukd rpm;&u rjyef[Bk uvsuf vGepmvSy H f G aomtrsKd;orD;i,ftoGifaqmif aemufrS vkdufvmav\/ vrf;wGif awGUqkHolwkdYu ar; aomtcg a&SUrSoGm;aeolrSm olrcifyGef;jzpf aMumif;ajzav\/ tajzpum;ukMd um;&ol wkrm Yd S vS y aomrd e f ; uav;uk d aemuf c sef rxm; oihfaMumif;? apmifhac:twloGm;oihfaMumif; ajymqkdaomtcg rif;om;u ig\rdef;rr[kwf? ig\tazmfig;a,mufukd owfpm;aombDvl;r jzpfonf[k jyefvnf&Sif;jyaomfvnf; ,kHMunfrI r&SdMuacs/ aemufqkH;wuokdvfjynfwHcg;teD; Z&yfwpfaqmifodkYa&mufvQif rif;om;u Z&yf ay:wufem;av\/ bDvl;rrSm vkdufrwufEkdif bJ Z&yfatmufomae&av\/ xkdtckduf wuokdvfjynhf&Sifrif;onf NrKdUjyifokdYxGufcsDvm aomf vlYtoGifESihfbDvl;rukdjrif vSyaom tqif;aMumifh ESpfoufrdum ydkifqkdifol&Sdr&Sd ar;jref;&m rif;om;tm; rdrdvifa,musfm;jzpf aMumif; Tefjy\/ rif;om;u rdrdr,m;r[kwf aMumif; bDvl;rjzpfaMumif; avQmufwif\/ rif;BuD;onf bDvl;rukdwyfrufonhftwGuf ydkif&Sifr&SdvQif eef;awmfodkYac:aqmifapNyD; rdzk&m;wifajrmufav\/ na&mufaomf bDvl;ronf rm,m y&d,m,ftrsKd;rsKd;jzihf eef;awmfESihfwkdif;jynftm; rdrdukday;tyf&ef ajymqkdav&m rif;BuD;vnf; bD v l ; rtvk d o k d Y v k d u f a vsmrd a v\/ rif ; BuD ; tdyfaysmfonfESihf bDvl;taygif;ukd ac:aqmif vmNy;D rif;Bu;D ESieef;awmftwGi;f &Sd vl qif jrif; hf acG ; aMumif p aom ow 0 gtm;vk H ; uk d

37

pm;aomufvuaomaMumihf tk;d omuse&ae dk f f dS avawmh\/ eHeufvif;aomf vlrsm;pGmwdkYonf eef;awmf tk;d wduomjrifawGU&Ny;D ]]rdrr,m; Yk dk d r[kwf? bDvl;rjzpfonf}} [k ajymqkdcJhaom rif;om;ukd trSwf&um owdynmESihfjynfpkHNyD; rSeaompum;ukomajymwwfo[ owfrwf f d l l S ,kHMunfMuNyD; rif;om;tm; eef;awmfokdYac: aqmifMuum rif;tjzpfwifajrmufMuavawmh \/ taMumif;t&mwkudk axmufq Yd rdrd\wpfcPaysmf&TifrIonf rdrd\wpfb0ukd xdcuEiovm;? rdr\wpfb0jynhpcsr;f omrI dk f dk f d f Hk onf r d r d \ wpf o H o &muk d aES m if h , S u f j zpf Ek d i f o vm;rd r d w k d Y \ wpf z G J U wpf p k a ysmf & T i f auseyfrIonf rdrdwdkYESihf qufEG,faeaom &yfuGuf? aus;&Gm? NrKdUe,f? wdkif;? EkdifiHokdY wkdifatmif xdcdkufepfem Ekdifovm;qkdonfukd owd u yf rS e f u ef a omtod E S i h f EI d i f ; ,S O f pOf;pm;qkH;jzwfvkyfukdifEkdifMuzkdY vkdygonf/ trSefawmh jrefrmwdkY\oBuFefonf ESpfa[mif;rSraumif;rIrsKd;pkH? npfax;rItzkHzkH? ylavmifrItpkHpkHwdkYudk pGefYy,fypfcGmNyD; arwm a&pifat; oGef;avmif;vdkYay;} Mujcif;omjzpf yg\/ ajymif;vJjcif;oabmukdaqmifonhf oBueEiywfouf q&mawmfoCmawmfrsm; F f S fh H rS rdea[mxm;onfrm (umvoBue) wpfEprS Yf S F f S f wpfESpfokdY ajymif;vJjcif;? (cEoBuFef) kyfemrf "rwdkY em&Dwkdif; tcsdefwkdif;ajymif;vJaejcif;? (b0oBuFef) vlwpfa,mufaoqkH; b0opf wpfckodkY taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm ajymif;vJjcif; wkdY jzpfayonf/ rdrwvuf&b0 ajymif;vJBu;D &ifvm d Ykd dS h aom ESpfta&twGuft& umvoBuFefukd vlom;wki;f BuKqz;l NyrYkd em;vnfoabmayguf d H Hk D Muygvdrrnf/ puewi;f ? rdepfwi;f ? tcsewi;f fh Yf kd dk d f dk rS m ajymif ; vJ a eaomcE o BuF e f u k d a &m owd x m;rd M uyg&J U vm;/ w&pyf a jymif ; vJ aeaomcEoBuFefukdowdrxm; tmkHrpkduf rdcJh&ifjzihf b0oBuFefESihfBuKHqkHMu aomtcg jrwfAk'a[mawmfrlonhftwkdif; a&;&ygvQif ]pw m a&m tyg,m oua*[o'd o m} tyg,fav;yg;onfomtNrJae&m rdrdwdkY\ tdrfa*[mjzpfyg awmhrnf/ acwfrDwkd;wufaeaom urmBuD; vlw\tawG;tac: t,ltqESifh vlavmu Ykd Y taqmufttkHykHo@mefwdkYonf tvsiftjref

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

ajymif;vJwkd;wufvsuf&SdMu\/ odkYajymif;vJ onfESihftrQ trsKd;om;,Ofaus;rIwGifvnf; tajymif ; tvJ r sm;&S d M uayrnf / rnf o k d Y y if ajymif;vJapaomfvnf; trsK;d om;pdwuif;aom f rqD a vsmf r tyf p yf a om ajymif ; vJ j cif ; rsKd ; rjzpfap&ef txl;owdjyKapmihfxdef; oihfvSay \/ xkaMumifh rdr\b0ukd cka&maemifyg Yd d aumif;rGefpGmjzifh wnfwHhckdifNrJap&ef qif;&JESihf i&Juif;a0;apEkdif&ef y|ra&Tusifq&mawmf bk & m;BuD ; u &aemif a rmif a rmif w k w f t m; ay;aom arwmpmjzihf ESpfopfr*FvmEIwfcGef; qufvkdufyg\/ ra[mY&rf;ESihf ra[mh&rf;ESihf a[mh&rf;y&rf;ywm jzpfoGm;onf/ rayhgvTrf;ESihf rayghvTrf;ESihf? ayhgvTrf;Opm ukefcrf;wwf\/ raMumhMurf;ESihf raMumhMurf;ESihf? aMumhMurf;olrsm; &,foGrf;aoG; wwfonf/ rkefYMurf;ESihf rkef;Murf;ESihf? kefYMurf;olrsm; rkef;yef;wwfonf/ raomhoGrf;ESifh raomhoGrf;ESihf? aomoGrf; t0DpdrSmcg;yef;owfvdrfh rnf/ qif;&Jcsrf;om ow0gtaygif; aumif;usKd;vkd&mqEjynhf0ygap/ okw- a&ToHvGif tTef;ig;&mh&mq,fedygwfawmf q,fhESpfv&moDyJGawmfrsm; OD;at;Ekdif

oufao
0if;0gEkysKd? ykdukdESihf IdufzkdBuD;i,f? toG,foG,fukd e,fukefjyvsuf? oDvysufatmif qufvuf jzm;a,mif;avawmhonf/ vdktyfonfxuf? wpfqifhwwf zufawmhrvdk? vkHrysKdESihf rqkdpum;? ovkH;om;ukd "m;jzihfcGJvsuf? aoG;pifxGufrS &rufuGefjcm? &yfawmhonf/ eHeufrkd;aomuf? bk&ifa&muf wifavQmufajymMum;? vkHrtm;vQif aysmfyg;&TifMunf? tm;&NyDavm ysuf&,fpum;qkdawmhonf/ &[ef;yDpGm? awmifzDvmu opmukdjyK? wkdifwnfrIjzihf MunhfIpka0;? uef\ab;0,f aoG;oifwkef;"m;? a&csxm;aomf ig;\yrm? axmifvsufomvQif [kdrSmbufokdY ul;awmhonf/ jzpf&yfqef;qef; onfZmwfvrf;ukd arQmfrSef;MunhfI? tmkHjyK bduKaorif;? "g;wpfpif;ukd a&SmifuGif;cJhykH? odum*kPftm; ckdvIH&ifxJ pGJawmhonf/ aqGvif; (atmifajr)

rif;\q&m? awmifzDvm[k emrnfausmfpG? oHa0*ESihf awm&aqmufwnf? awmrSD oDvvkHvkH? arwmxkHcJh vTrf;NcKHw&m;? IumyGm;&if; wpfyg;wnf;om aysmfawmhonf/

bk&ifcrsm? olYq&mukd jyefvmapcsif? oHa,mZOfESihf odcsifaompdwf? ,kdumzdwf wdwfwdwfZmwfvrf; qifawmhonf/ eef;wGif;acsmvS? olli,frukd useoGefoif? rm,mqif jrifolaoG;<u? kef;r&atmif nOD;,Hcg? NyJaygufzmESihf 0wfumapvTwfavawmhonf/ u,fawmfrlyg? oHpmpmESihf ae&musO;f usO;f ? ausmif;crf;wGi;f 0,f

apwD ykxkd; ausmif; "rmkH toD;oD;wkdYwGif ukokdvf,l aqmif&GufaeMuolrsm;twGuf wuovoQio&(r[mo'raZmwdu"Z) a&;om;aom dk f f D d @mawmf a*gyuESihf Ak'b@mawm pmtkyfxGufNyD
pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf rsufESmzkH;zGifhjyKcsuftrSwf 3207461107 3203320708

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

39

&Siawmfjrwfb&m; vrf;Teyaqmifay;awmfraom f k f Ykd l xm0& at;Nir;f csr;f om&m jrwfeAmefwif 0ifpaejcif; d d G H

By Dhamma Vi-ra Thandar Aung , ITBM University, Yangon.

Live in Peace and Tranquillity; This is the way of the Buddha

" r 0D & - o Em atmif

zk| avmu"ar[d pdwH , eurwd taomuH 0d&ZH acrH {wHr*FvrkwrH

Phutthassa Loka Dhammehi .. . Cittam Yassa na = The mind that stands . Kampati Unshaken; . Asokam = Unsorrowing; . Virajam = Passionless and; Kheman = Secure when touched by the worldly conditions, This is the Noblest Blessing

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THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

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Phutthassa Loka Dhamme hi .. Everone faces ups and downs; Good and bad are inseparable, And occur in turns. Tramble not; be strong of mind To meet these ups and downs Control anxiety; Abolish craving, Live in peace and Tranquillity:This is the way of the Buddha; This is the Conduct for the world.

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