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Kolb’s description of the experiential


learning cycle (1984)
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Service GOAL Learning
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Service-Learning
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Community Outreach Co-operative Education

Volunteerism Internship

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Traditional Learning Service-Learning
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Theory Theory and experience

Others'knowledge Personal knowledge

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E & 7 Individual learning Corporate learning
E 7 Blurred distinction between teacher and
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E ! 7 learner

E & ! 7 Answers Questions and answers

Certainty of outcomes Heterogeneous outcomes


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Objectivist epistemology Connected/ feminist epistemology

(Adapted from Howard, 1993 by Stacy, Rice & Langer, 2001)

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