‘There are number (5) questions on this exam. The exam is four (4) pages long. Read the exam ‘questions carefully. If anything is unclear to you, ask me about it! Write all answers in pen in the ‘examination booklet - not on these sheets of paper! Explain your work as clearly as possible! The number of points which each part of each question is worth is given in parentheses after that art of the question. The whole exam is worth SO points. 1) For the following four multiple-choice questions, demonstrate your understanding of the course ‘material by writing down the best answer in your examination booklet, For parts v) and vi), write out the requested answer in your examination booklet. (9 pts.) ’) A damped driven harmonic oscillator with natural frequency ay is driven at frequency © by a cosine force F cos(«o), resulting in a term A cos(cor) = F/m cos{cot) in the equation of motion, The damping coefficient is B << aw. The particle's response is to oscillate. The frequency of its oscillation is:(I pt) @ @ @) © (©) Ba. (@ None of the above. {b) For long times, the particle oscillates atthe drive frequency ©, ii) Chaotic systems are characterized by: (I pt.) (@) strong damping, (©) petiodie motion. (©) extreme sensitivity to initial conditions. (@ None of the above. © iii) The phase-space trajectory of a chaotic system: (1 pt.) (a) isa closed curve in phase space, (©) completely fils some finite region of phase space. (©) isa straight jine in phase space. (@) None of the above. (o) iv) Fora given set of initial conditions: (1 pt.) (@) Anunderdamped oscillator approaches equilibrium faster than a critically damped oscillator. (©) An overdamped oscillator approaches equilibrium faster than a critically damped ‘oscillator. (© Actitically damped oscillator approaches equ tunderdamped or an overdamped oscillator. (@ None of the above. (a) ibrium more slowly than an'¥) Give me an example of a physical system that exhibits chaotic motion. (2 pts.) Examples would include a damped, driven pendulum (class demonstration), a pendulum with a forced pivot point, a double pendulum, coupled pendula, or a “magnetic pendulum." vi) Explain to me in two to four sentences what causes the tides. (3 pts.) Roughly speaking, tides are due to gravitational gradients, For example, water on the side of the Earth closest to the Moon experiences a stronger gravitational attraction to the Moon than does the centre of the Earth. Similarly, water on the far side of the Earth from the Moon experiences a weaker gravitational attraction to the Moon than does the centre of the Earth.2) Sketch a phase space diagram for a system having the indicated potential energy function, for ‘each of the indicated energies. Indicate the direction in which the particle moves on the phase- space trajectories. (8 pts.) ve) E, E, E, ? Hepa. Fac: ‘ @ x (Ble wo) OTA W vicinty of @ stale urlibenun "oa, ths phase se teejechrnes ace oughly ipses DT he ctniy bam wnstelle tquilioriane pein, We phase “pe tutes a ty htm eis