[kqkgky thou

Introducing Health Education in Primary Schools

Compiled by -

Community Health & Development Programme

Madhepura Christian Hospital

Content
1- LoPNrk ds lkr vk;ke 3
2- yksd fooklksa vkSj ?kjsyq mipkjksa ds ckjs esa dqN loky tokc 4
4-cPps dk [kku&iku nks lky ls mij 7
5- Mk;fj;k nLr jksx ds [krjukd y{k.k 9
6-nLr ds le; cPpksa dh ns[kHkky 11
7- eysfj;k ,d fcekjh gS] ePNjksa ds dkVus ls gksrh gSA 13
8- dkyktkj ls cpko 15
9- Vh0ch0 17
10-Vh0ch0 ds y{k.k ,oa bZykt 19
11-tyus ij izkFkfed mipkj 21
12- lki dk dkVuk 23
13-dqks ;k vU; tkuojksa dk dkVuk 25
14- kkSpky; dk iz;ksx 27

1- LoPNrk ds lkr vk;ke

1- kkSpky; dk bLrseky djsa vkSj twrk&pIiy dk iz;ksx djsAa
2- kkSp ds ckn o Hkkstu ds igys lkcqu ls gkFk /kksukA
3- O;fDrxr LoPNrk
4- is;ty dk leqfpr mi;ksx ,oa j[k&j[kkoA
5- lfCt;ksa dks Bhd <+x
a ls /kksus ds ckn mi;ksx esa ykuk ?kj] ckZu] ,oa Hkkstu dh
LoPNrk
6- xans ikuh dk leqfpr fuiVku
7- dwM+s&dpjs dk leqfpr fuiVku

2- yksd fooklks
fooklksa vkSj ?kjsyq mipkjksa ds ckjs esa dqN loky
tokc
1- ;g lp ugha gS] ;fn xHkZ esa iy jgs cPps ds nkSjku ek ij panzxzg.k dh pkanuh iM+us
ls cPpk fodykax iSnk gksrk gS] ij lp ;g gS fd xHkZkoLFkk ds nkSjku ek vk;ksfMu
;qDr ued ugha ysrh gS ;k xyr nokbZ [kkrh gS rks cPpk fodykax iSnk gksrk gSA
2- ;g Bhd ugha gS] fd chekj O;fDr dks ugha ugkuk pkfg;s] ij mls jkst xquxqus xeZ
ikuh ls ugykuk pkfg;s ;k xhyh rkSfy;k ls iksNAsa
3- D;k ;g lgh gS fd cq[kkj ;k utys tqdke esa larjk ve:n ugha [kkuk pkfg;s\
mkj %& ugha ;g xyr gSA gesa cq[kkj ;k utys&tqdke ds le; lkjs Qy
ykHknk;d gksrs gSAa
4- D;k cq[kkj ds le; ejht dks diM+s esa yisV dj j[kuk pkfg;s rkfd gok u yxs\
mkj %& ugha] cfYd rst cq[kkj ds le; ejht ds mij ls lkjh pknjs]a diM+s gVk
nsuk pkfg;sA gok yxus ls cq[kkj de gksxk] pkgs rks xhys diM+s ls iksNAsa
5- D;k ;g lp gS fd [kljk] NksVh ekrk] vkSj ekrk pspd nsoh ds xqLlk gksus ls
gksrk gSA
6- tys gq, txg ij xkscj u yxk;sa blls xaHkhj lae.k gks ldrk gSA
7- uotkr fkkq dh dVh ukfHk esa xkscj u yxkosa blls VsVusl gks ldrk gSA

8- ;g lgh ugha gS fd ftl O;fDr dks lnhZ&tqdke] yw ;k [kkalh gS] mls larjk]
ve:n] vkSj nwljs Qy ugha [kkus pkfg;s] okLro esa larjs vkSj VekVj esa foVkfeu
lh fd dkQh ek=k gksrh gS tks lnhZ&tqdke vkSj vU; Nwr ds jksxksa ls yM+rk gSA
9- ;g Hkh lR; ugha gS fd nok ysrs le; elkys vkSj ve:n tSls vkgkjksa dk lsou
ugha djuk pkfg;sA gk olk ;k elkyksa dk ml fLFkfr esa iz;ksx vPNk ugha gksrk tc
O;fDr dk isV ;k ikpu dh dksbZ leL;k gksA pkgs og dksbZ nok ys jgk gks ;k ugha]
blls dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+rkA
1010- ;g Hkh lR; ugha gS fd ekal vkSj eNyh [kkus ds lkFk nw/k ;k ngh ugha [kk;k tk
ldrk gSA

3-foVkfeu ^,^

cPpksa dh vk[kksa dh jkskuh rFkk kjhj dks chekfj;ksa ls yM+us dh kfDr iznku djus
ds fy, foVkfeu ^,^ vko;d gSA

tUe ds rqjUr ckn uotkr fkkq dks ek dk igyk xk<+k ihyk nw/k fiyk;sa ;g
foVkfeu ^,^ ls Hkjiqj gksrk gSA

N% ekg rd cPps dks dsoy ek dk nw/k fiyk;sa ;g foVkfeu ^,^ ls Hkjiqj gksrk gSA

N% ekg dh mez ls cPps dks mijh vkgkj esa foVkfeu ^,^ ;qDr Hkkstu inkFkZ vo;
kkfey djsAa

ihys o yky jax ds Qy o lfCt;k foVkfeu ^,^ ds vPNs L=ksr gSAa

gjh iksnkj lfCt;ksa esa vf/kd foVkfeu ^,^ gksrk gSA

bUgsa fu;fer :i ls Hkkstu esa kkfey djsAa

izfrfnu cPpksa ds Hkkstu esa vk/kk@,d pEep ?kh ;k rsy Hkh feyk;sAa

lIrkg esa de ls de nks fnu ,d ls nks dVksjh mcyh gqbZ gjh iksnkj lfCt;k Hkh
kkfey djsAa

foVkfeu ^,^ dh deh ls jrkS/a kh ;k vk[kksa esa vU; gkfu;k gks tkrh gSA

;fn fdlh Hkh cPps esa foVkfeu ^,^ dh deh ls gksus okys jksxksa ds dksbZ Hkkh y{k.k
fn[ks rks mldk bykt rqjUr djokuk t:jh gSA

4-cPps dk [kku&iku nks lky ls mij

ifjokj dk Hkkstu fnu esa rhu ckj nsAa Hkkstu ds chp esa iksfVd vkgkj
tSl&
s dsyk] phdw] vke] iihrk] vaMk vkfn nsAa ;kn j[ksAa
lqfufpr djsa fd cPpk viuk [kkuk iwjk [kk;sAa
f[kykus ls igys vius vkSj cPps ds gkFkksa dks lkcqu vkSj ikuh ls vPNh rjg
/kks;Asa

5- Mk;fj;k nLr jksx ds [krjukd y{k.k

 tc cPpksa dks ikuhnkj iS[kkuk gks rks mls nLr ;k Mk;fj;k dgrs gSAa vxj cPps dh
ns[k&Hkky Bhd rjg ls ugha dh xbZ rks ;g [krjukd vkSj tkuysok gks ldrk gSA
 tUe ls ikp okZ rd ds cPpksa esa nLr jksx e`R;q dk ,d izeq[k dkj.k gSA T;knkrj
e`R;q dk ,d izeq[k dkj.k gSA T;knkrj e`R;q kjhj esa ikuh dh deh gksus ls gksrh gSA
nLr jksx ds [krjukd y{k.k %&
cPpk ,dne lqLr ;k csgksk
ih ugha ldrk ;k de ih jgk gSA
iS[kkuk esa [kwu ;k iksVk
/kalh gqbZ vk[ksa
thHk ,dne lw[kh gks tkuk
fpdksVh dkVus ij Ropk dk cgqr /khjs okil tkuk
cPpksa esa nLr ds lkFk buesa ls dksbZ Hkh y{k.k fn[kus ij mUgsa rqjUr vLirky ys tk;s]a
,oa jkLrs esa vks-vkj-,l- fiykrs jgsAa
Mk;fj;k dks cgqr gn rd jksdk tk ldrk gS vxj]

tUe ls N% ekg rd cPps dks flQZ ek dk nw/k fiyk;sAa

[kkuk cukus ds igys vkSj cPpksa dks f[kykus ls igys gkFk dks vPNh rjg lkcqu ls
/kks;k tk;A

lHkh [kkuk cukus vkSj f[kykus ds ckZu lkQ gksAa

[kkuk <+d dj j[kk gks] ml ij eD[kh u yxsA

ihus dk ikuh lkQ] lqjf{kr gks vkSj <+d dj j[kk gksA

geskk rktk [kkuk [kk;k tk;A
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?kj vkSj vklikl dh cjkcj lQkbZ dh tk, vkSj dpjs dks Bhd ls dqMn+s ku esa Qsd
a k
tk, rkfd efD[k;k u iuisAa

kkSp ds fy, geskk kkSpky; dk iz;ksx fd;k tk, ,oa kkSp ds ckn lkcqu ls gkFk
/kks;k tk;A

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6-nLr ds le; cPpksa dh ns[kHkky

vk-vkj
svkj-,l- cukus dk rjhdk %&

vius gkFk vPNh rjg lkcqu@ikuh ls /kks ysAa ?kj esa Hkh iqutZyu is; cuk
ldrh gSAa

pkj maxfy;ksa dk ,d ilj dqyph Hkj phuh ;k xqM+

rhu maxfy;ksa dh ,d pqVdh Hkj ued

vkSj bu nksuksa phtksa dks ,d yhVj mckydj BaMs fd;s gq, ikuh esa feyk nsAa

vxj cPpk flQZ ek dk nw/k ihrk gks] rks fiykuk tkjh j[ks vkSj vf/kd ckj
fiyk,A

vxj cPpk mijh vkgkj ysrk gks rks FkksM+h&FkksM+h ek=k esa vkgkj nsrs jgsAa
rjy inkFkZ tSl&
s vks0vkj0,l0] ukfj;y dk ikuh] NkN] nw/k] uhacw dh
fkdath] ekM+] nky dk ikuh] lCth dk lwi vkSj lkQ mcyk BaMk fd;k
ikuh ftruh ek=k esa cPpk ys lds nsrs jgsAa

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7- eysfj;k ,d fcekjh gS] ePNjksa ds dkVus ls gksrh gSA

eysfj;k ds y{k.k
 tkM+k yxdj gj fnu ;k ,d fnu chp dj cq[kkj
 ljnnZ@cnu nnZ@ mYVh
 ilhuk ds lkFk cq[kkj mrjuk
 detksjh vkSj cspSuh
 tc fdlh O;fDr dks Mk;fj;k@[kklh&lnhZ@QksM+s&QqUlh ds cxSj cq[kkj gks
rks mls eysfj;k le>dj izkjfEHkd tkp vkSj bykt kq: dj nsuk pkfg,A
 eysfj;k ds dqN ekeys tkuysok Hkh gks ldrs gS]a blfy, izkjfEHkd bZykt ds
ckn bu ejhtksa dk foksk bZykt vko;d gSA
 eysfj;k dh kq:vkrh bZykt DyksjksDohu xksyh ls dh tkrh gSA
eysfj;k ls cpko ds mik; %&

ty teko u gksus ns

tes gq, ikuh ij tyk gqvk eksfcy Mkys] ftlls ePNj u iuisA

ePNjnkuh dk iz;ksx djsAa

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8- dkyktkj ls cpko
dkyktkj ckyw eD[kh ds dkVus ls gksrk gSA ckyw eD[kh ePNj ds vkdkj dk gh
gksrk gSA
dkyktkj ds y{k.k %&
yEcs le; ls cq[kkj cq[kkj gYdk Hkh gks ldrk gS
ejht cgqr detksj gks tkrk gSA
Ropk peM+h dk jax xk<+k gks tkrk gSA
ftu ejhtksa dks ,sls y{k.k gks mUgsa Qksju dkyktkj ds tkp ds fy,
vLirky Hkstuk pkfg,A dkyktkj ds dqN ekeys tkuysok Hkh gks ldrs gSAa
dkyktkj dk bZykt %&
dkyktkj dk bZykt vLirkyksa esa gh laHko gSA
dkyktkj ls cpko &
 dgha Hkh ty teko u gksus ns@
a xanxh teus u nsAa
 lksrs le; ePNjnkuh dk iz;ksx djsAa

 ikuh dh Vadh vkSj ckZuksa dks lkQ j[ksAa

 Mh0Mh0Vh0 dk fNM+dko djok;sAa
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9- Vh0ch0
Vh0ch0 dSls Qsyrk gS %&
Vh0ch0 lae.k ls QSyus okyk jksx gSA ;g lcls T;knk QsQMksa esa gksrk gS ysfdu kjhj
ds vU; fgLlksa esa Hkh gks ldrk gSA
QsQM+s dk Vh0ch0 gok ls Qsyrk gSA tc dksbZ Vh0ch0 dk jksxh [kklrk ;k Nhadrk gS
rks jksx ds thok.kq gok esa pys tkrs gSa vkSj nwljs yksxksa ds kjhj esa lkl ds ek/;e l
is gqp tkrs gSAa ;g QsQM+s ds ckgj kjhj ds vU; fgLlksa esa Hkh QSy ldrk gSA

Vh0ch0 ,sls yksxksa dks vf/kd gksrk gS tks &

 dqiksfkr @ detksj gksa
 HkhM+&HkkM+ vkSj ladjs >ksiM+h esa jgus okyksa dks
 fcuk goknkj ?kjksa esa jgus okyksa dks
 xanh cfLr;ksa esa jgus okyksa dks
 ,p0vkbZ0oh0 lafer yksxksa dks
 efgykvksa vkSj cPpksa dks

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10-Vh0ch0 ds y{k.k ,oa bZykt

y{k.k %&
 rhu lIrkg ls T;knk le; ls yxkrkj [kklh] cyxe[k[kkj ds lkFk
 kke ds le; gYdk cq[kkj
 otu esa deh
 Hkw[k ugha yxuk
 dHkh&dHkh cyxe[k[kkj esa [kwu

bZykt %&
fdlh dks Hkh ,sls y{k.k gks rks cxSj utjvankt fd, utnhdh vLirky esa MkWDVj
}kjk tkp djokuk pkfg, ,oa nok kq: dj nsuh pkfg,A ljdkj }kjk Vh0ch0 dh
tkp vkSj nok, lHkh ljdkjh vLirky] izkFkfed LokLF; dsUnz] jsQjy vLirky
vkfn ij miyC/k gSA MkV~l lsVa j dh Hkh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gS tgk ,0,u0,e0 ;k
vU; LokLF;dehZ dh ns[k&js[k esa Vh0ch0 ds ejhtksa dks nok nh tkrh gSA

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11-tyus ij izkFkfed mipkj

o lcls igyk dke ;g djuk pkfg, fd tys gq, vaxksa ij <+sj lkjk BaMk ikuh Mkyk
tk;A rstkc ls tyus ij ikuh ugha Mkyuk pkfg,A
o ikuh Mkyus ls peM+h ij tyu de gksrh gSA ikuh peM+h ls xehZ lks[kdj dqN gn
rd nnZ Hkh de djrk gSA
o ikuh tys gq, fpid x, diM+ksa dks peM+h ls vyx djus esa Hkh lgk;d gksrk gSA
o vxj ikuh ls Hkhaxs diM+ksa dk bLrseky t[eksa ij ih ds :i esa fd;k tk jgk gS rks
mls gj rhu feuV ij cny nsAa
o tys gq, yksx dks T;knk ls T;knk ikuh fiykus esa enn djsAa t[eksa dks /kwy ,oa
efD[k;ksa ls cpkus ds fy, mls lkQ ,oa gYds diM+s ls <+d dj j[ksaA
o NksV&
s eksVs t[eksa esa uhe dk rsy] ukfj;y rsy] ?k`r dqekjh<+d
s okj ;k dPps iihrs
dh ih vkjkenk;d gSA
o ekewyh tyu dks NksMd
+ j lHkh ekeyksa esa tys gq, O;fDr dks rqjar vLirky ys tkuk
pkfg,A

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12- lki dk dkVuk

gj lki tgjhyk ugha gksrkA tgjhys lki ds dkVus dh igpku gS fd
blesa nks nkr dk fukku gksrk gSA lcls T;knk feyus okys tgjhys lki
gS&
a dkscjk] djSr] cM+k vtxj vkSj NksVk vtxjA

rqjar vkSj izHkkoh izkFkfed fpfdRlk ls lki dVs gq, O;fDr dks cpk;k tk
ldrk Gsa

ftl iSj ;k gkFk ij lki us dkVk gks mlds mij ,ykfLVd ih ck/k ns]a
ftlls jDr dk izokg /khek gksxk vkSj tgj ugha p<+x
s kA

tgk lki us dkVk gks] mlds ikl ,d NM+h ck/k nsAa og LFkku eqM+s ugha
fLFkj jgsA

ejht dks pyus ;k T;knk fgyus&Mqyus u nsAa utnhd ds vLirky ysdj
vk,aA

vxj lki dks ekj fn;k x;k gks rks Hkh vius lkFk vLirky ysdj vk,a]
blls tgj igpkuus esa lqfo/kk gksxh vkSj bZykt esa enn feysxhA

lki dkVus ij fdlh rkaf=d] /kkfeZd LFkku ;k cyh nsus ds pDdj esa
le; cckZn u djsAa

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13-dqks ;k vU; tkuojksa dk dkVuk

dqks ;k fdlh vU; tkuoj ds dkVus ij jScht fcekjh gksus dk [krjk gksrk
gSA jScht dk dksbZ mipkj ugha gSA dqkk dkVus ds rqjar ckn jScht ls cpko
dk Vhdk yxok dj bl fcekjh ls cpk tk ldrk gSA

jScht dk lae.k ikyrw dqkksa ;k fdlh Hkh jScht ls loafer tkuoj ds
dkVus ls gks ldrk gSA Ropk ij ,d [kjksp
a yxus ls Hkh jScht gks ldrk gSA
;fn dkVus okys tkuoj fn[kkbZ ugha iM+ jgk gks ;k vkl&ikl utj ugha vk
jgk rks ekeys dks [krjukd :i ls ysuk pkfg,A
izkFkfed mipkj %&
dVs gq, LFkku dks lkcqu vkSj ikuh ls vPNh rjg ls /kks,Aa ;g lcls
t:jh gSA
t[e ls NsM&
+ NkM+ u djsAa bls [kqyk j[ksAa
<+hyh ih ck/k dj MkWDVj ;k vLirky ys tk,aA

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14- kkSpky; dk iz;ksx

kkSpky; dk iz;ksx u djus ls D;k
D;k [krjk gS %&
[kqys eSnku esa iS[kkuk] iskkc djus ls fuEufyf[kr fcekjh QSy ldrh gS
1- tSls ihfy;k]

5- gStk]

2- iksfy;ks]

6- isV esa pkyh gksus dh laHkkouk

3- VkW;QkbM]

,sfufe;k kjhj esa [kwu dh deh

4- nLr]
o ey vkSj ew= ls tkuoj] eD[kh ,oa if{k ds }kjk fcekfj;k nwljs euq; rd igqprh
gSA
o kkSpky; u mi;ksx djus ls is;ty pkikdy] dqvka nqfkr gks ldrk gSA vkSj
xko esa egkekjh dh laHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA
o iko ;k kjhj dk dksbZ Hkh vax ey ;k ew= ds laidZ esa vkus ls fdVk.kq Ropk }kjk
kjhj esa izosk djrs gSAa tSls & uaxs iko lM+d ;k [ksr esa ?kweukA

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