Stewart Pine, Max Handler, Ian Wood, Shane Silverstein, Dylan Pyle

10/6/08
B2

Reaction #1 Magnesium Ribbon and Oxygen

1. Synthesis Reaction and Combustion Reaction

2. 2Mg (s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO (s) is the completed equation.

3. The two reactions are both exothermic. Each Magnesium atom loses two electrons in
this equation and each Oxygen atom gains two electrons. Since Oxygen naturally bonds
with itself in the air, there are automatically two Oxygen atoms for every Magnesium
atom. Therefore, there must be two Magnesium atoms to balance out the equation. Each
Magnesium atom has an oxidation state of +2, while the Oxygen atom has an oxidation
state of -2. After the heat is added, the swapping of electrons occurs and Magnesium
Oxide is formed. This makes it a synthesis reaction because there were two elements,
Magnesium and Oxygen, which combined to form a single compound, Magnesium
Oxide. It is also a combustion reaction because one of the elements involved was
Oxygen. This reaction is always reversible.

Reaction #2 Potassium Iodide and Lead Nitrate

1. Double Replacement Reaction

2. Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → 2KNO3 (aq) + PbI2 (s)

3. This reaction is exothermic. The Lead (II) nitrate and the potassium iodide cancel out
to have a total charge of zero. When mixed, the potassium splits from the iodide and
combines with the nitrate. Here, the potassium has an oxidation state of +1 and the nitrate
has an oxidation state of -1. There are two molecules of this. The lead (II) that was
formerly combined with the nitrate is now with the iodine, forming lead(II)iodide. In this
state, there are two molecules of iodine and only one of lead, so since iodine has an
oxidation state of -1, the lead must have an oxidation state of +2. This is a reversible
reaction, and is a double replacement reaction because lead replaced nitrate with iodide
and the potassium replaced iodide with nitrate, hence a double replacement.

Reaction #3 Magnesium and Hydrochloric Acid

1. Metallic Single Replacement Reaction

2. Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

3. This reaction is exothermic. The pure magnesium powder and hydrochloric acid cancel
to have a total charge of zero. Hydrochloric acid is a combination of hydrogen and
chloride. In this metallic single replacement reaction, the hydrogen is replaced with the
magnesium to form pure hydrogen and magnesium chloride. The magnesium has an
oxidation state of +2 and the chloride has an oxidation state of -1, but there are two
chlorine atoms so it balances out. This reaction is not reversible.