22 - INFLAMMATION LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of this section, students should be able to: 1.

Define and use in proper context: inflammation chemotaxis margination emigration cytokine edema effusion transudate exudate serous serosanguineous fibrinous purulent pus pyogenic suppurative phagocytosis abscess cellulitis erosion ulcer autocrine paracrine endocrine resolution granuloma granulation tissue

2. Describe the classic vascular changes and cellular events of the inflammatory reaction. 3. Discuss the five cardinal signs of inflammation in terms of pathogenesis and underlying morphologic changes. 4. Discuss the following chemical mediators of inflammation, in terms of origin (cells vs. plasma) and chief in vivo functions: vasoactive amines nitric oxide proteases of clotting, kinin, complement systems lysosomal granule contents arachidonic acid metabolites oxygen-derived free radicals platelet activating factor neuropeptides cytokines/chemokines 5. Discuss each of the following in terms of the associated type of inflammation and their role therein: platelets lymphocytes giant cells mast cells/basophils plasma cells fibroblasts neutrophils eosinophils cell adhesion molecules endothelial cells monocytes/macrophages/histiocytes 6. Describe the steps involved in the isolation and destruction of an infectious agent by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils). Describe important related extracellular and intracellular factors. 7. Compare and contrast acute, chronic, and granulomatous inflammation in terms of: etiology characteristic cells involved pathogenesis outcome histologic appearance systemic effects laboratory findings 8. Compare and contrast resolution and organization with respect to the termination of an inflammatory response. 9. Compare and contrast lymphangitis and lymphadenitis, in terms of:

etiology pathogenesis morphology clinical features and course 10. Develop and utilize the nomenclature used to describe inflammation in the various tissues and organs