017 Vedangal

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Sincere Thanks To:
1. Mannargudi SrI Srinivasan Narayanan for proof-reading
2. Nedumtheru SrI Mukund Srinivasan, SrI Sriraman Santhanagopalan (Cover
Image - Thiruvelliangudi GarudazhwAr), SrI Murali BhaTTar, SrI
Ramakrishna Deekshitulu archakam (SrIvari Temple, Tirumala), SrI
Lakshminarasimhan Sridhar, SrI AMR Kannan and Sou.R.Chitralekha for
providing images.
3. Smt. Jayashree Muralidharan for eBook assembly.
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?m?++o+m+
(++= ?m+=+m:
Co+m.++a
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=
I. Vedopasana - English
Introduction 1
Selected Mantrams !
Vedam
Upanishad 1u
II.Vedangal - Tamil
About the Author !
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..m II - ?m+++ o+m+m !
..m III - ?m+++ ++++m !s
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!u aa+ama (?m+-o+=+=+m:(..m-VI)
!c +a+aa (?m+-o+=+=+m:(..m-VI)
!1 m?+m+a (?m+-o+=+=+m: (..m-VI)
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o+m+=++m
!! 1: +++m+ma o+m+ sc
!! z: ?+?++o+m+ s1
! !: +?.+o+m+ s!
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! : m.?++o+m+ u1
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z 1: a= m+a 111
! z: ++a++o+oa m+a 111
! !: C+m+a ?a+++ m+a 11z
!: ++ooa m+a 11z
: ?++mm=+a (m+a: 11z
: om m+a 11z
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1!: m+m+++ m+a 1zc
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1: oa m+a 1z
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s 1c(!: o++m-m m+ 1c
s 1c(: ++a++ o+ma 11
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. I>.
VedOpAsanA: Vedams and Upanishads
INTRODUCTION
by
Oppiliappan Koil Sri V. Sadagopan
Sriman Urupattur Soundararajan Swamy is well known for his many
Kaimkaryams due to the VisEshAnugraham of his upAsanA Moorthi, Lord
HayagrIvan. His recent release of a brilliant and comprehensive monograph on
the Vaibhavam of Lord HayagrIvan under the name of Kadambam was released
at the time of completion of the building of a new mantapam
for the serthi sevai of Lord HayagrIvan and Swamy Desikan during the
JanmOtsavam of trayyanta Desikan at Thiruvaheendrapuram.
Urupattur Swamy reminds us all frequently about the importance of eulogizing
Lord HayagrIvan, the Sarva VidhyA Adharan along the way shown by Swamy
Desikan:
AnNtE YyNtE rnu iviht he ;ahlhl<
htaze;av*< hyvdnmIfImih mh>.
anantai: trayyantai: anuvihita hEshA hala halam
hata asEsha avadyam hayavadanam eeDeemahi maha: ||
---Swami Desikans HayagrIva Stotram.
Here Swamy Desikan visualizes the Lord with the face of a divine horse as an
embodiment of tEjas and generating the hala-hala dhvani echoed in limitless

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veda bhAgams, which destroys all the inauspiciousness of every one. This hala-
hala dhvani is equated by Swamy Desikan with the integrated essence of the
three vedams.
Lord HayagrIvan incarnates as the self-manifested (svata: siddha) Murthi and
His Vaibhavam can not be adequately described by the multiple branches of
Veda-VedAntams, which are anAdhi apaurushEyam. Lord HayagrIvan is the root
of all Vedams as PraNava Roopi. These Vedams are eternal and are protected by
Lord HayagrIvan alone in different kalpams and He is saluted as the safe Jewel
box for the vedams (tvayA eva kalpAntara pAlitAnAm vEda girAm manjUshikA).
He is "sabdamaya dhAmnA sphuran mUrti" (One who shines with His mantra
maya body).
Those mantrams are the eternally existing Veda Mantrams of the Lord of Vaak,
which are used by Brahma Devan for the creation of the universe and for other
jagat vyAparams.
Let us study 20 illustrative examples of the Mantrams from the four vedAs
to comprehend their messages that are not limited by place, time or any other
factors. They serve all of as SanAtana dharmam and the protective shield
against all amangaLams. These Veda Mantrams shine as a beacon of light on top
of the hill to illumine our way towards Him to perform SaraNAgati at His
sacred feet.

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"The sustainer, aspirer and inspirer of the cosmos"
Thanks: Sou. R.Chitralekha

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Veda Mantrams
1. Our Lord's SarvAdharatvam and Sarva Rakshakatvam:
B 4lr -4l P|6 B 96 Hl 4l Pl =+4+ 7 4 9T-
sam bAhubhyAm dhamati sam patatrair dyAvA bhUmi janayan dEva eka:
--- Rg Vedam: X.81.3
Meaning:
"Having eyes all around, mouths all around, arms all around and feet all around,
the Lord alone, while creating this heaven and earth forges them into order
with His winged arms".
Here The Creator is visualized as the sustainer, aspirer and inspirer of the
cosmos through the act of fanning as it were with His two magnificent wings.
2. His unparalled and uncontested Supremacy
9|64 lBPl =+l+lP Tl |4HF4 4+F4 l=l
patirbabhUthasamO janAnAm ekO viSvasya bhuvansya rAjA
---Rg Vedam VI.36.4
Meaning:
"In His Supremacy over the Universe, He is the One and One alone".
3. There is no one to match Him or surpass Him
+ |6l4l + 6 6l46 l +l-4 46

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+ 9Pl +9U- B8Pl +l-4 46
+lUPl + +4Pl 7HPl +l-4 46
4 96 7 4P T4 6 4 7+
na dvitIyO na trtIyaSchaturthO nApyuchyatE |
na pancamO na shashTha: saptamO nApyuchyatE |
nAshThamO na navamO daSamO nApyuchyatE |
ya etam dEvamEkavrtam vEda || ---atharvam: Xiii.4.16-18
Meaning:
He is omnipotent and does not need assistance from anyone to be the Supreme
Being. No one who is second, third, fourth, neither fifth nor sixth, seventh,
eighth, ninth or the tenth assist Him in being the Supreme One. "He is the One,
circumscribing, the One alone, this one ought to know".
He is the divine support of the created universe and its beings and balances the
entire creation and holds them in equilibrium across the six dimensions of space
as per the Skambha sUkta mantram of atharva vEdam (X.7.35).
4. He is the Final reality or ucchishTha Brahman
7|7U +lP-9 l |7U l T Hl|r6
ucchishThE nAmarUpam chOcchishThE lOka Aahita: --atharvam: XI.7.1
Meaning:
During the time of the final great dissolution (mahA PraLayam), when the

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creation passes into the Moola Prakruti devoid of name and form, the Supreme
Self alone unaffected by change, decay or death persists. He is the jyEshTha
Brahman (The Supreme Master) and the sole support for all
cosmic creation (SarvAdhAran). Rg vedam (X.81.3.33) salutes this
jyEshThabrahman: "tasmai jyEshThAya brahamaNe nama:"

"ucchishTha Brahman!"

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5. Tattva trayam: Iswaran, Jeevans and Prakruti
B 94l l7 4PTl4PTPHl|4 H &P9l9|4&P
T|4P +l9l 9| - F44 4l l646l l --47l7lH6l-4
BPl-4-
sa paryAgAcchukramakAyamavraNamsnAvira suddhamapApaviddham |
kavirmanIshI paribhU: svayambhU: yAthAtathyatOrthAn
vyavadAcchASvatIbhya: samAbhya:
---Yajur Veda Mantram : XL.8 (Last Chapter)
Extended Meaning:
Ours is a darsanam of Tattva trayam, the family of three eternal beings: The
infinite Supreme Self (sa: svayambhU), the eternal primal matter (Moola
Prakruti) and the infinite, infinitesimal cEtanams (souls). "He, the Lord,
effulgent, without a body, free from wounds and sinews, ever pure and very
much above the sins, has been circumscribing us from all the sides. He is the
one with penetrating wisdom (a superb poet), intelligence personified, extending
in all parameters, self-existing, and judiciously just as much and as it ought to
be. He creates commodities (of knowledge and wealth) for His everlasting
people (Jeevans)".
6. Eternal, asancala devotion to the Lord
79 t4lP |74 |74 7l 9l4F6| 4l 44P
+Pl -6 9P|B

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upa tvAgnE divE-divE dOshAvastardhiyA vayam
namO bharanta emasi --- Saama Vedam 14 (PoorvArchika)
Meaning:
"Day and night, we approach You, Oh Lord, with reverential homage, through
sublime thoughts and noble deeds".
7. His unshakable divine discipline
BPF4 P-44 |4Hl |4Hl +P-6 T U4-
BP l4 4 |B-4-
samasya manyavE viSO viSvA namanta krshThaya:
samudrAyEva sindhava: --Saama Vedam: 137 and Rg Vedam: VIII.6.4
Meaning:
"Just as rivers flow towards an ocean, similarly all people, all men of culture,
bow down before His strict discipline".
8.Prayer for His Mighty protection
Hl 6 + - 4 rFPlTP Pl |r
Prl-Prl|-|6|-
Aa tu na indra vrtrahan asmAkam ardhamA gahi |
mahAn mahI-bhirUtibhi:
---Rg Vedam IV.32.1, Saama Veda PoorvArchika Saaman: 181 and Yajur Vedam:

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XXXIII.65
Meaning:
"Oh Mighty resplendent Lord, dispeller of darkness, May You come to help us
with Your mighty protections!"
9. Lord's friendship
TT 9 6B Pr 4l 7 4l4 HF46
6|7\4F4 4 +P
kadu pracEtasE mahE vachO dEvAya SasyatE
tadidhyasya vardhanam ---Saama Rk : 224
Meaning:
"How amazing! Even a little praise of Him, He magnifies and accepts with
delight, indeed, while we exalt Him, we exalt ourselves".
10. Appeal for MahA VisvAsam and ananya bhakti
Pl |7-4| HB6 BGl4l Pl |9'46
-|PtF6l 6l 4 9TBl B 6 Pr 6l HB6
maa cid anyad vi Sagumsata sakhAyO maa rishaNyata
indramit stOtA vrshNagum sachA sutE muhur ukThA ca Samsata
--Saama Rk: 242, Rg Vedam: VIII.1.1 and atharvam: XX.85.1

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Meaning:
"Oh Friend! Do not worship anyone but Him, the Divine One. Let no grief
perturb You. Praise Him alone, the radiant, the showerer of benefits. During
the course of Self-realization, go on repeatedly uttering hymns in His honor!"

SrI Gayatri
11. Gaayantam trAyati iti Gaayatri
l4|-6 t4l l4|Tl 5 -t4T P|T T-

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OlTlFt4l H646 7H|P4 4 |P
gAyanti tvA gAyatriNOrcantyarkamarkiNa:
brAhmaNAstvA Satakrata udvagumSamiva yemirE - Saaman 1344 and Rk I.10.1
Meaning:
"The embodiment of total selfless actions, the chanters of the Saaman hymns
extol You with songs; the reciters of the Rk with prayers, the priests of the
Yajus with their prose and thereby, elevate the honour of their family and
descendants".
12. The Longing for the Lord
H| t4l H +l + Pl Tl54 +4-
Hl+PF4 =6- F4 HPlHl+|P- 6F 9-
abhi tvA Soora nonumOdugdhA iva dhenava:
ISAnamasya jagata: svardrSam ISAnam indra tasthusha:
---Yajur Vedam: XXVII.35
Meaning:
"Oh brave resplendent Lord, the Lord of all movable and stationary things, the
beholder of the Universe, we call You loudly like an unmilked cow (with udders
full).
13. Lord's Krupa
4 14 6 P+l 7 7B 7P

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6l B7- T T4B
yatra kva ca te mano daksham dadhasa uttaram|
tatrA sada: kruNavasE ---Rg Vedam: VI.16.17
Meaning:
"Where-so-ever and to whom-so-ever, Your kindness is directed, You make Him
eminent, and give him uncommon vigour, and in his heart, You make Your abode".

"The devotee's heart is the Lord's abode!"

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14. Saaram and asAram
4F4 6 B4 44 BlBGlP 96-46-
64 -7l H V 7P
yasya tE sakhyE vayam sAsahyAma prutanyata:
tavEndO dyumna uttamE ---Saaman: 781
Meaning:
"Oh Divine Love! May we overcome them, who assail us; May we enjoy Your
friendship, lofty and glorious!"
15. Prayer not to be left out of Lord's grace
Hl 6 H-6Pl+l |4HlP B Pl+lP
Pl +l H|6 4 Hl |r
athA tE antamAnAm vidyAma sumatheenAm
mA nO ati khya Aa gahi
---uttarArchika Saman 1089; Rg Rk: I.4.3; atharvam: XX.57.3; 68.3
Meaning:
"You are always present in the thoughts of virtuous and right minded devotees.
May we all deserve Your nearness. May we be not left behind, while You reveal
Your glory to others".

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16. A ParamaikAnti's Prayer
BPtF4|PP4B 4l=4-6l r4lPr
4l= 9 |lBP
samatsvagnimavasE vAjayantO havAmahE
vAjEshu citrarAdhasam ---Rg Rk: VIII.11.9
Meaning:
"When we seek (inner) strength, we invoke adorable Lord, the giver of all sorts
of gifts to help us in the battle of life".
17. Bhagavat Saastra ullankanam
+ |TF4 Br-t4 94 6l T4F4 |6
4l=l H|F6 ~4l4-
na kirasya sahantya paryEtA kayasya cit
vAjO asti SravAyya: --- Rg Rk: I.27.8
Meaning:
"You are an embodiment of endurance and You never transgress the laws
established by Yourself. May You bless the person, who battles against all vices
and never transgresses Your regulations and laws (PrAtikUlya Varjanam)".
18. Invitation to the AarAdhanam for the Lord
44P +|P7l Gl 59l9 P r 4|TP

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6FPl 7 HH B4+ B 6 l + + 96 ~ 6
vayamEnamidA hyOpeepEmEha vajriNam
tasmA u adya savanE sutam bharA nUnam bhUshata SrutE
---atharvam: XX.97.1, Rg Rk: VIII.66.7, uttarArcika sAman: 1691.
Meaning:
"Today, yesterday and all the days, let the resolute will power express our
tributes to His full satisfaction. We offer Him our reverence. Let Him now
hasten to be with us and listen to our tributes".
19. Krta Krtyan's eulogy
6 |4H !P 6 |446l Hl4l |4H4l P6
Hl 99l P|rt4+l
tuviSushma tuvikratO SaceevO viSvayA matE
Aa prapAtha mahitvanA
--- Rg Rk: VIII.68.2
Meaning:
"Oh Lord! You are rich in power, rich in actions, rich in knowledge and You have
filled up everything with Your comprehensive Majesty".
20. Prayer for a harmonious Life dedicated to Lord
TT |- ~ T 4lP 7 4l 974 Pl|4 =l-
|F F6 7 4lBF6+ |- -4 H P|r 7 4|r6 47l4 -

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bhadram karNEbhih: SruNuyAma dEvA bhadram
paSyEmaAkshabhir yajatrA:
sthirair angaistushTvAgum sastanubhi:
vyaSEmahi dEvahitam yadAyu:
---sAma uttarArcika: 1874, Rg Rk: I.89.8 and Yajur Vedam: XXV. 21
Meaning:
"Oh Learned People! May we wish our ears listen to what is beneficial/
auspicious and good. Oh Persons, worthy of sacred deeds, may we see with our
eyes all that is good and beneficial. May we be engaged in Your praises, enjoy
with firm limbs and sound bodies, a full term of life dedicated to BhagavAn (and
society)".
There are so many more mantrams in Upanishads (Veda Siras) that are ideal for
a Saadhakan to relate to and benefit from. The 82
nd
e-book of Sundarasimham
series (http://www.sundarasimham.org) covers some more of them.
b

sadagopan.org
18

"SarvabhUtAntrAtmA !"- Pomona SrI ranganAthar - Thanks: SrI AMR Kannan

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Upanishad Mantrams
Our VedAnta darSanam emphasizes the study of PrasthAna trayam: The
Upanishads, the Brahma sUtra and the Bhagavad Gita. Both Brahma sUtra and
Gita are tightly linked to Upanishadic wisdom.
The metaphors and the similes and the parables abound in the Upanishads for
opening our eyes to Para Brahman and instruct us on unfailing sAdhanAs to
reach Him and enjoy ParipUrNa BrahmAnandam at His Supreme Abode.
As Swamy Desikan points out in His SrI sUkti of sAra sAram, Upanishads
instruct us with the meaning of their Mantrams in three ways:
SOdhaka vAkyArtham: Statements of "a determinative nature".
KaaraNa VaakyArtham: Statements revealing the Cause.
UpAsana VaakyArtham: Statements indicating the means to attain the
Supreme Goal.
Let us start with IsAvAsyOpanishad for which Swamy Desikan has blessed us
with a commentary. It has 18 mantrams and this Upanishad forms the 40
th

chapter of Sukla Yajur Vedam. The first mantram is unique and has SOdhaka,
KaaraNa and UpAsana VakyArthams rolled into it. Let us start with that
powerful mantram.
1) Universal Pervasion of the Lord
Hl 4lF4 7B4 4|tT =t4l =6
6 + t4 + Vll Pl - TF4|F4&+P
ISA vAsyam idagum sarvam yat kinca jagatyAm jagat
tEna tyaktEna bhunjeethA mA grdha: kasyasviddhanam -IsAvAsyam : 1

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Meaning:
All this whatsoever that undergoes vikAram (change) in this world is pervaded
by the Lord. Enjoy with a sense of VairAgyam. Do not covet anyone's wealth.
Comments:
Lord Sriman nArAyaNan is identified here as the SarvabhUtAntrAtmA (idam
sarvam). The first line of this mantram is both a SOdhaka and Kaarana vAkyam.
As UpadESa vaakyam, the mantram adds: tEna tyaktEna bhunjeethA, mA grdha:
kasyasviddhanam (experience/enjoy those allowed by sAstrams for the
maintenance of body and Bhagavath/BhAgavatha Kaimkaryams and even that
enjoyment should be free of any attachment to that bhOgam). Please develop a
Vrtti (way of life, Thozhil), which is adorned by Vairagyam (VairAgya
bhUshitAm vrttim anucara ityupadESam). During this process, do not covet
other's possessions.
2.Upanishadic Approach: Question & Answers
The Upanishads adopt the format of a dialog between the eager student
inquiring about the Truth and the AcAryan blessing the student with the
answers. For instance, in KenOpanishad, the student asks and the teacher
answers in the 7
th
and the 8
th
mantrams of the 4
th
chapter:
79|+97 l rlt4 l 6 79|+97 lrl 4l4 6 79|+97P P |6
upanishadam bhO brUheeti uktA ta upanishad
brArheem vAva ta upanishadam abrUmEti ---KenaOpanishad: 4.7
Meaning:
Oh Revered AcArya! Please teach me the secret knowledge (the means of
winning the Lord's grace). The AcAryan responds: I have taught you this secret
knowledge that Brahman is the cause behind the strength for upAsana to attain

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Him. If you wish to know about the Sadhana to succeed in your efforts to
attain Brahman, I will teach You that (Brahma VidhyA) too.
In the next mantram, this upadEsam takes place:
6F4 69l 7P- TP |6 9|67l 4 7l- B4l l|+ Bt4Pl46+P
tasyai tapO dama: karmEti pratishTaa,
vedA: sarvAngAni satyamAyatanam ---KenOpanishad: 4.8
Meaning:
Oh dear Student! You can be blessed with the boon of this secret knowledge of
Brahman through austerities (tapas), victory over senses and the practice of
the Vedic rites. VedAs and VedAngAs (accessories of the VedAs) and truth are
this VidhyA's abode. BrahmavidhyOtpatti kAraNam and the main means
(upAsanA) are being taught here.
3. KatOpanishad: Importance of PraNavam
B4 4 7l 4t97PlP+|-6 69l|B B4l |T 47|-6
4|77-6l O4 |-6 6 97B r T 4l4l |Pt4 66 +
sarvE vEdA yatpadamAmananti
tapAgumsi sarvANi ca yadvadanti |
yadicchantO brahmacaryam caranti tattE
padagum sangrahENa braveemi Om ityEtat || ---KaThOpanishad: 2.15
Meaning:
I shall briefly instuct you on that abode of which all the vedAs, AraNyakAs and

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Upanishads speak of; Brahmacarya is observed to attain this Prapya (Supreme
Brahman). That abode is PraNavam.
The next two mantrams go on to celebrate this PraNavam (aksharam) as the
Supreme One to reflect upon to gain whatever one wishes. This PraNava is
identified with Brahman and the meditation on it is indicated as Brahma PrApti
sAdhanam. PraNavam is declared as the best support and the parama
AlamBanam, the knowledge of which lands the sAdhaka in the world of Brahman
and is glorified there (brahma lOkE maheeyatE).
967 \4 4l O 967 \4 4l 9P
967 \4 4l lt4l 4l 4|77|6 6F4 66 +
etaddhyEvAksharam brahma etaddhyEvAksharam param |
etaddhyEvAksharam J~nAtvA yO yadicchati tasya tat ||
---KaThOpanishad KU: 2.16
967l4+ ~ UP 6 7l4+ 9P
967l4+ llt4l Ol T Prl46 +
etadAlambanam SrEshTham etadAlambanam param |
etadAlambanam j~nAtvA brahmalOkE maheeyatE ||
--- --KaThOpanishad: 2.17
4. PraSnOpanishad: answers to 6 Questions
Six different students with samit (B|P6 ) in their hands as aspirants and

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BrahmacAris ask the six Rishis about subtleties of Brahman and Brahma
VidhyA.
The six questions are:
1. From what indeed are all these beings born? (kutO ha vaa imA : prajA:
prajAyantE?).
2. What is the relationship between the indriyAs (senses) and the vital airs
(PrANaa)?
3. "How does PrANa come to the body? Where does it come from? How does it
distribute itself inside the body among the indriyams? How does it leave the
body at the time of the departure from the body?
4. The fourth question is about the dream state and what the indriyAs do
during the dream state?
5. The fifth question is about the gains of one when one performs the PraNava
UpAsana. The teacher answers: The one who meditates on OmkAram of the
three matrAs gains BrahmalOkam itself.
6. The sixth question is about the location of the shODaSa Kalaa Purushan
(Jeevan) inside the body. The AcAryan answers that the Jeevan resides in
the heart lotus of the Body.
5. Mundakopanishad
This Upanishad has 64 mantrams. The essential nature of Brahman, JeevAtman,
the BrahmOpAsanam through meditation on PraNavam, the differences
between the Jeevan and the ParamAtman and the nature of Mukti are covered
in this Upanishad.

sadagopan.org
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"The Supreme Self reveals His own form to a chosen one!" -
SrI MAlOlan Moolavar and Utsavar Serthi ArAdhanam by HH SrImad Azhagiya Singar - Thanks:SrI AMR Kannan

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5.1: To whom does the Lord reveal Himself?
+l4PltPl 94+ + -4l + P 4l + 4r +l ~ 6 +
4P 4 9 4 T 6 6 + -4F6F4 9 HltPl |44 T 6 6+ F4lP +
nAyamAtmA pravacanEna labyO
na mEdhayA na bahunA SrutEna |
yamEvaisha vrNutE tEna labya:
tasyaisha AtmA vivrNutE tanUm svAm || --MuNdakam : 3.2.3
Meaning:
This Atman is not attained through mere manana or rumination; nor through
mere meditation; nor through much hearing. He (ParamAtman) is attainable by
that individual Self, whom ParamAtman chooses. This Supreme Self reveals His
own form to such a one".
6. MaaNdUkyOpanishad
This Upanishad is a short one with just 12 Mantrams. This Upanishad teaches
that the four states Jaagrut, svapna, sushupti and tureeya have to be
meditated upon in the four parts of OmkAra PraNavam: akAram, ukAram,
makAram and ardhamAtra. These four states (wakeful, dream, deep sleep
without dreams (without dream experience) by the jeevan and the fourth state
linked to Para Vaasudeva VyUham, where consciousness of a unique kind exists,
which is quite different from all the other three states of experience of the
Jeevan.

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"He that is in a person and He that is in the Sun are one and the same!"
7. TaittirIyOpanisahd
This has three chapters: SeekshA, Brahma and Bhrigu vallis. This is a big
Upanishad with important teachings. The svarUpam (essential nature) of
ParamAtman as having the attributes of satyatvam, J~nAnatvam, anandatvam
and Aanandatvam are established here; Brahma lakshaNam is defined here. It
is instructed that the fundamental way to attain Brahman is through the
development of knowledge of Brahman as Aanandamayan. This Upanishad
explains clearly the differences between Iswaran and the Jeevan on one hand
and the differences between cEtanam and acEtanam as well as Iswaran and
acEtanam.

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This great Upanishad ends with a thundering mantram, which is the final
mantram known as "Aanandamaya vidhyAphala prapanca mantram".
B 4l4 9 69 .... B4+74l6l- 4 94 47
sa yaScAyam purushE.... suvarna jyOtee: ya yEvam Veda ".
Meaning:
"He that is in this person and He that is in the Sun are one and the same. He
knows thus, after departing from this world, attaining the self of the
annamaya, attaining the self of prANamaya, attaining the self of manOmaya,
attaining the self of vij~nAnamaya and attaining the self of Aanandamaya, will
be singing this sAma chant, moving about over these worlds, having food at will
and assuming any form at his will. Haa vu! Haa vu! I am the food! I am the food!
I am the eater of food! I am the eater of food! I am the eminent ordainer! I am
the eminent ordainer! I am the fructifier of Karma, at the beginning of
creation. I am the navel of immortality, that is existing even prior to the gods.
He alone who (teaches) gives me (to a deserving disciple), becomes an attainer
of mine. I pervade food and the eater of food. I overcome the entire universe.
He who knows like this will be endowed with resplendent body. This is the
Upanishad" --- Translation by Dr. N.S.AnanatharangAchArya Swamy
8. MahA NarayaNOpanishad
This Upanishad belongs to KrishNa Yajur Veda. It has many famous passages on
UpAsana of nyAsam. This Upanishad establishes without doubt the uniqueness
of Sriman nArayaNan as the Supreme Reality and the Supreme Goal.
8.1 : Supermacy of Sriman Narayanan
HF49l 4+F4 P\4 +lTF4 9 U Pr6l Prl4l+

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H 4 T 74l 6l|9 BP+ 9|47- 9=l9|6|6 H-6-+
ambhasya pArE bhuvanasya madhyE
nAkasya prushThE mahatO maheeyAn |
SukrENa jyOtheegumshi samanupravishTa:
prajApatiScarati garbhE anta: || --- MahA nArAyaNOpanishad -1
Meaning:
"The one who is greater than the great, resides in the vast ocean, in the
atmospheric region, and on the surface of the celestial abode; and having
entered into the luminary bodies with his own light, this Lord of people is
moving within the hearts of all people".
8.2 VishNu Gaayatri
+ll4Tl4 |4TPr 4lB 7 4l4 lP|r 6l |4!T - 9l 74l6
nAarAyaNAya vidmahE vAsudEvAya dheemahi
tannO vishNu: pracOdayAt --- MahA nArAyaNOpanishad: 28
Meaning:
"We meditate upon nAarAyaNa. For that we devote ourselves to VaasudEva.
May that Lord VishNu invigorate us".
8.3: Matchless Parabrahman
4FPlt9 +l9P|F6 |T|6 4FPllTl4l + 74l4l 5|F6 T|6
4 4 F6-l |7|4 |6Ut4 TF6 + 7 9 T 9 69 T B4 P +

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"Matchless Parabrahman!" - Thanks: www.cksoma.in

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yasmAt param nAparamasti kincit
yasmAnnANeeyO na jyAyOasti kaScit |
vrksha iva stabdhO divi tishThayEkastEnEdam
pUrNam purushENa sarvam || --- MahA nArAyaNOpanishad: 85
Meaning:
"All is fully pervaded by that Purusha for whom there is no second entity more
celebrated than Him, and compared with whom there is no subtler or greater
entity, and who stands in heaven still like a tree".
8.4: nArAyaNa is the UpAsanA Moorti
+ll4T 9 O6x4 +ll4T- 9-
+ll4T 9l 74l|6ltPl +ll4T- 9-+
nArAyaNa param brahma tattvam nAarAyaNa: para:
nAarAyaNa parO jyOtirAtmA nArAyaNa: para:
--- MahA NarAyaNOpanishad : 93
Meaning:
nArAyaNa is the Supreme Brahman.
nArAyaNa is the Supreme Reality
nArAyaNa is the Supreme Light.
nArAyaNa is the Supreme Self.

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9.0 : SvetasvatarOpanishad
This Upanishad associated with KrishNa YajurvEda has 113 MantrAs. This
Upanishad elaborates on the three tattvams: BhOktA, BhOgya and PrEritA
(Jeevan, acEtanam and Iswaran). This Upanishad states authoritatively that the
Lord is the indweller of all, and an awareness of this antaryAmi Brahman is vital
for the release from SamsAric terror. AcArya RaamAnuja quotes profusely
from this Upanishad in His SrI BhAshyam.
9.1 Matchless Lord
+ 6F4 T|t9|6|F6 lT + |H6l + 4 6F4 |P
B TlT TTl|9l|9l + lF4 T|=|+6l + l|9-+
na tasya kaSchit-patirasti lOkE
na ceSitA naiva ca tasya lingam |
sa kAraNam karaNAdhipAdhipa:
na cAsya kaScijjanitA na cAdhipa: -- SvetasvatarOpanishad: 6.9
Meaning:
"There is no one, who is a Master to Him in this Universe. Nor is there any ruler
over Him. There is no inferential mark of Him. He is the cause. He is the Lord
of the Lord of the sense organs. There is of Him neither a creator nor a Lord".
10. BrhadAraNyaka Upanishad
This big Upanishad belongs to Sukla Yajur vedam and has six chapters. Fifty
seven BrahmaNAs are housed in these six chapters. Brahma sUtrAs have taken
many mantrAs from this big Upanishad for their references. The main doctrine

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propounded by this Upanishad is the antaryAmi Brahma tattvam. MaitrEyi
BrahmaNam teaches the means for liberation through meditation on Brahman.
In the Madhu BrahmaNam, a resounding salutation is made about the tEjOmaya,
amrutamaya Atma (ParamAtma) as: "sarvEshAm bhUtAnAm adhipati:
sarvEshAm bhUtAnAm rAjA". The Sareera-Sareeri relationship, the central
plank of VisishtAdvaitam is linked to the many mantrams from this Upanishad.
11. ChAndOgya Upanishad
This Upanishad belongs to Saama Vedham. This is another big Upanishad. The
focus of the Upanishad is the UpAsanAs of different kind. BrahmasUtrAs have
deep links to this Upanishad.
12. Saadhana and Oupanishadic Wisdom
The Upanishads as the Siras of the eternal Vedams have been the staff of
AcArya RaamAnuja in establishing that "Brahman transcending and
comprehending the finite real is the reality". AcArya RaamAnuja and Swamy
Desikan following YatirAjar's divine footsteps have established for all times to
come that "Prapatti is the meeting point of human effort and divine grace and
it is the point at which human effort exhausts and completes itself, as it were,
in transferring its burdens and responsibilities to divine grace". Using the Veda,
VedAnta PramANams, AcArya RaamAnuja established that Bhakti and Prapatti
Yogams as the two upAyams for MOksham. In His GitA BhAshyam and SrI
BhAshyam, AcArya RaamAnuja expounded the doctrine of Bhakti in above SrI
sUktis and in His magnificent Gadya trayam affirmed the efficacy of Prapatti
for the attainment of Moksha sukham. The firm conviction of this great
AcAryan is that the Prapatti at the sacred feet of Sriman nArayaNan is also
the direct means for attaining the twin bliss of nitya and niravadya Kaimkaryam
to the divine dampatis at Sri VaikuNTham and enjoying ParipUrNa
BrahmAnandam there.
Dr. N.S.Anantha Rangacharya Swamy points out that "the credit of explaining,

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elaborating, reaffirming, consolidating and establishing Prapatti on solid
grounds goes to Sri VedAnta Desikan, one of the greatest successors of
Raamanuja, in the School of VisishtAdvaita. Desika has expounded the inner
meaning and significance of the doctrine of Prapatti in all its aspects, on the
authority of the sacred scriptures, PurANAs, IthihAsAs, AgamAs, the divya
Prabandhams and the expositions of ancient AcAryAs in his magnum opus, The
Rahasya traya Saara, which is the finest fruit of his Mature mind.... Many
important topics of (Saanga) Prapatti such as the scope and nature of Prapatti,
the (ten) differences between Prapatti and Bhakti, fitness for Prapatti, the
accessories (angAs) for Prapatti, the mode of performing Prapatti, the conduct
of a Prapanna have been dealt with in Srimad Rahasya traya Saara in a masterly
way. Had it not been for the timely exposition, clarification and systemization
by Desika of the very many points referred to above, doctrine of Prapatti would
have ever remained hazy and indefinite.
Swamy Desikan established very clearly that Sriman nArayaNan waits for the
cEtanam to observe Bhakti or Prapatti yOgam as a vyAjam for His intervention
to free the Jeevan from SamsAric bonds. The SaastrAs attest that God's
krupa needs a vyAjam to become operational and that Bhakti and Prapatti are
those VyAjams. The Supreme Lord is indeed the grantor of all kinds of
soubhAgyams and Saanga Prapatti at His Lotus feet of the Parama KaruNaa
Murty grants the highest of PurushArtham, Moksha Phalan. VedAnta sUtram
supports this (phalamata upapattE: -- SrI BhAshyam: 3.2.37).
The Jeevan assisted by a SadAcAryan performs SvarUpa, Bhara and Phala
SamarpaNams and lays the burden of his protection at the sacred feet of the
most merciful Lord as outlined in nyAsa dasakam and many other SaraNAgati
Saastram related SrI sUktis covered in the Sundara Simham and Ahobilavalli
series:
Sundara Simham series: http://www.sundarasimham.org
1. SaraNAgati deepika by Swamy Desikan: E-Book # 57

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2. SaraNAgati doctrine and PramANams: Tamizh Text, E-Book # 71
3. Swamy Desika Sahasrams relating to Rahasya traya sAram- Srimad
Thirukkudanthi DEsikan: E-Book # 91
Ahobilavalli Series: http://www.Ahobilavalli.org
1. nyAsa dasakam, nyAsa vimSti and nyAsa tilakam: E-Books 12-14.
2. nikshEpa RakshA: Swamy Desikan - E-Book# 76.
May all of us be blessed to perform Prapatti and lead a life guided by SaastrAs
during our Post-Prapatti period, while we wait to join the divya dampatis and
AcAryas at Paramapadam at the end of our earthly lives:
P T -7 |+|-4 F4P+l P 47Bl .....H+ B|6 BlNl4 BTlP
mukundE nikshipya svabharamanagO
muktavadasau--anusarati sAstreeya-saraNeem
---Srimad Rahasya traya sAram
Sriman Soundararajan Swamy's e-book will help gain a good grip on the Vedams
and their categories as well as VedAngams. This Tamil e-book needs to be
translated into English for reaching out to many more, who can not read Tamil.
Volunteers are welcome to help in this area.
namO SrI veda purushAya nama:
dAsan,
Oppiliappan Koil VaradAchAri Sadagopan

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SrI HayagrIvan - ThiruvahIndrapuram

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

UrupaTTUr U.Ve SrI SoundararAjan Desikan swami is a retired Tamilnadu
State Government Civil Service Officer. He has served in various capacities
such as:
1. Managing Director, Co-op Spinning Mills, Dharapuram (mill earned a profit of
Rs. one crore) for 3 years,
2. Dist. Revenue Officer & Addl. Dist Magistrate, Ramanathapuram (acted as
Collector of the district for several long periods)
3. Dy. Commissioner of Civil Supplies & Consumer protection, Chennai,
4. Joint Director of Stationary & Printing Chennai,
5. Tribunal for State Govt Officers, Chennai.
Belonging to an illustrious and devout family of vedadyAyins of
Thiruvaheendrapuram and SrIrangam, SrI Soundararajan Desikan Swamy was
blessed with SamaasrayaNam by the 43
rd
PaTTam HH SrImad Azhagiya Singar
(Devanarvilagam Azhagiasingar). He received the gift of BaranyAsam from
Prakrutam (45
th
PaTTam) HH SrImad Azhagiya Singar.
He had the baghyam of conversing, discussing and receiving anugraham from
the following Maha Purushas:
1. Karunilam Sri U.Ve Narasimhachariar Swamy
2. Thooppul Sri U.Ve. Lakshminarasimhan
3. Mukkur Sri U.Ve. Lakshminarasimhachariar Swamy
4. Thirupputkuzhi Sri U.Ve. Narasimha Thathachariar Swamy

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5. Sri U.Ve. Seva Srinivasa Raghavachariar Swamy
6. Prakrutham Srimath Paravakkottai Andavan showers His vathsalyam on him
He has written various books in Tamil, as follows;--
1. Sri Vaishnava SampradayamSila Mukya Vizhayangal
2. YenYennaYetharkku (108 questions & answers), dharma sasthram etc
3. Chinna, Chinna Vizhayangal Parts 1 to 3(like how to dry cloths etc)
4. Hey,Manase (Easy meaning to Amritharanjini-Sillarai Rahasyam of Swami
Desikan)
5. Sri Vathsa Gothram (history of 5 rishis)
6. Kadhamba Mala 32 Sri Hayagreevar colour photos 32 Sri Hayagreevar
Stotras with Avathara details of Sri Hayagreevan
He was conferred with the following titles:
1. Acharya Bakthi Sardula from Rajas College, Thiruvaiyaru
2. Desika Seva Rathnamfrom the Chief Patron of Sri Hayagreeva Vidya
Peetam (Prakrutham Srimath Paravakkottai Andavan)
He has constructed a Mandap at Oushatadri to Sri Hayagreevar at
Thiruvaheendrapuram near Cuddalore at a cost of about Rs 17-00 lakhs to
protect the devotees from hot sun and rains. Large numbers of people assemble
at the Hills especially during Thursdays to Sundays every week Lord Sri
Devanathan climbs the sacred Hills twice a year, where uthsavas are performed
to this Lord. Acharyan Swami Desikan climbs the Hills twice a year and
Purattasi Sravanam festival is most important. For these Uthsavams, the
Mahamandap is used by Devsthanam.
He is celebrating SriJayanthi Uthsavam to Sri Rajagopalan at Thiruvahhendra-

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Puram every year.
He is presenting Sambhavana to Veda Pundits for three days during
Pavithrothsava at Thiruvaheendrapuram Sri Devanathaswamy Temple.
He is distributing vasthras to sishyas and acharyas at Asramam,
Thiruvaheendrapuram and other places.
He is presenting "Thirumangalyam" to very poor Vaishnavite bride during her
marriage.
The above kainkaryams are few among other kainkaryams, done through "Sri
Kainkarya" a Charitable Trust and also individually.
He has now taken up the repair work at Sri Hayagreevan Sannidhi (within the
temple of Sri Ranganathar)
**************

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SrI Devantha Perumal and ThAyAr - Thiruvahindrapuram

o
-a o ?m+om+a +a
?m?++o+m+
?m+=+m

?m+a - +++a+=

++m= +aoma Soo, moma Soo S+
-ma Samoo ao+m+m+o +a+++o
++oo..m ?m+a S++ a++m+m "a+++++m.+"
=oo..+ ?m+a "Com?maa" =oo[a ++m=
-m++a Saoo.++= o+o ?m =++ +t?o+[
+.ma -oo. Sao++= =Co ?m+a +aoma,
moma Soo++= S= =o?o+= ?++a= =o+
m+a+= C++ooma Sao+= o+m+ m+++++
= C++oooo[m++o, o+m+o ?o+o?m ?m+ma
-m++a ?++m++oo.++= ?m+a a+ +ma++ oo
o.++++++ [+m++ m?+++m+o =.+=o
o+++ao, mm+a o+++ao aa o, mma++,
So?o+=mm +om m+ C++[ m++oo= ?m
===a ++++, ?+.+oo.++ m++ o+++o a+a+o
oaa+m "?m+=+m".

?m+++o ++a+++ C++oa o++a "mao+".
++m+++ C++oa o++a "o+m+" oo= "?m++++a"
?m+++ "m+" =a C++om+

+++a o?++++ +m a ?+.+, o=, ++
+ma + +ma+= oo= +ma+++=+ C++oo
Sooo ?m+a, m ma+++ C++oooo..= +ao S+
"=.+++ +mm" = C++om+

www.srihayagrivan.org 41 www.sadagopan.org

"=.+++ +mm"

+m +mo+a++ - +m+++a+

-mCm+ +m+o+a+++a mmm a+a++ -
+m "ma+m+" =+ Coa. ?++ ?m+++
-.==o[+=+++ S= zsm= +=+a+a S++ a+++o
"+m +mo+a+" =+ +m ma+m+++ m+++=
?m+=+m -.==o[++++

[+= ma +m+o+a+++o +?+++ o+++
"+m+++a+" (Sm+ ++=+m+mo -m+: ma+m++++
?++, ?m+=+m -.==o[+=m++ =
++m+++=++m +amm+ ?m+a =o= mm+++a, o+,
o++ m+oa Sm.++ .m+=a, +++a m+oa
+m.++ .a+ao Soo+=a o+a++, ?o++
++ao Soo++++ - mma+++ C++o+=

a++a, ?o+aa, ++a, +a+a - Sm ++a=+m
Sm++= o+a+a++ Soo=---moa++ Soo=
"?m+a" S+ "?m?++a +o ++a moa" = C++om+

Sooo ?m+++ a, Coa+m+ C++oo+
C++?. ?o++o+a S= o+++ ++.o Co+++ma,

+oa+++o, a+++m a++ o++ .am++m++ Soo+
= ma+m+ (+m+mo+a+: ?m+++ +++++
o+++++ = Co+?a+++m C++om+++m Sooo
o+++oo.. ++= ?m+=+m mm+a ooo
..m+m++ma, ..m+mo mmm=
mma=+m +++a++ma C++[++oo.o++

=. ..m+m

..m - I ! ?m+=+m (a+++=+m =++
m C++oa Co+= mma=+m:
..m - II ?m+++ o+m+m (m C++om=
=m:
..m - III ?m+=+m +++ mm+a
..m - IV ?m+++o mm a+++o++a,
o++oao++a
..m - V ?m+++ =+=+m mm+a (ma+,
S+o+ma, o++a m+oa:
..m - VI ?m+++ o =+=+m (++=+aa
?a++a m+oa:
..m - VII ?m+a - o++++++aa

?m+=+m +aaa C+aa "mm+a" m++aa S+
+= m+a++ +aaa/o+++aa C+am+++m

o+++a m mm+a

(1: ?m+ a+++=+m +++ ?+++= o+++aa C+a+o
- S= "momao+" =oo[a

(z: ?m+ a+++=+mo o+a o+a++ o++= +aaa
C+a+o - S= "o+mao+" =oo[a

(!: - o+++ ma, oa C++o+o (a
+a +?m, +?m o?++o+a, o?++o+a

a=ma, a=ma ?+ma, ?+ma ++ma ---
Sooo : S= "++amao+" =oo[a

(!: o+=+m+ ?+++= ?+++= aooaa o++=+
C++o+o (a +a +?m, +?m +a,
+a +?m, +?m o?++o+a, o?++o+a +?m,
+?m o?++o+a, o?++o+a a==ama,
a==ama o?++o+a Sooo: - S=
".mao+" =oo[a

(: +oa++ +aaa C+a+o (a +a +?m,
+?m +a, +a +?m o?++o+a, o?++o+a
+a +?m, +a +?m o?++o+a, +?m
o?++o+a, +?m, +?m o?++o+a, a==ma
o?++o+a -Sooo: S= "+a" =oo[a

=oo - ao+=+= +++a+ o+++ao ma++a, ++a, +am
= m o+m+m mm So+= ++= ++=m=+m =
C++oooo..+a m+m+aao ++o ++++oa
o+=+m+ C++oa o+++++++o ?+mmo C++.=+oo..=
++++a++o o+=+Com++ ?+o+++C++oa o+++++++o
+++++?o C++.=+oo..= a+ma m+m++ mo+?o+o+m++o
C++oooo.[mm= a+ o+m+=++m +++a+++ C++o+


..m - I

?m+=+m

++ a+ m+aa ++ma
(1: (z: (!: (!:

z(a) 2(b)
+m a+ ++o a+
(++++aa: (m+m?+aa:

"m+" =+o +o/C+++= C++m+o +=+++
+o =a Co+m ?m+++= "m+" =a Coa+
[

1 Sm C+aam +.ao Coao+a mm +o
++.aa mm

z ++m++a, +m++a = mm+ m+a+m=+m [
Sm +++a moa++ +aaa C+aa
?m[a (C++oo+ C++mm ?m[a:

! +o +aa=+mo ?m+ o+++aa C+a+o +.+=
=a ++m++a m+++= (++aa ++oa:


..m - II

-mCm+ ?m+++a o+m+m - !

a+++a o++oaa +a+a o+m+
(mao+: (z: (!: (!:
(1:

++a++.a =a S= =+
C++om+ ++.a
=oo[a

o+m+

Ca+++a 1cs =o+ +.oo= 1z m++aa+= 1c

+?+aa 1 ++ 1+++?+++a 1m.+
C+mm++(z: z oo- z ?++ zo++?++o
(++?m+a: +++a+ (m+a ?m+a: !a+a+a
!++++a (++m
!+?.+ ?m+a:
+?m+++m++
(a+ ?m+a:


Smo m++aa+m

1 +?++o+m+ a+a+a o+m+
(+++mma o+m+:
z ?+?++o+m+ ++++a o+m+
! +?.+o+m+ s +?+a o+m+
! o++?+o+m+ u +++?+++a o+m+
m.+ o+m+ 1c oo+++a+ o+m+

Sm +++a "ooa m++a " ma+m+ Saa=
! m++=+m

=oo-1 "+++?+++a o+m+" =+ +oooo S++ o+m++o
o+ C++oom.[, + o= !z (z: m+a+a +++a+++
C++oooo.[mm

=oo-z ?aC++, o+= o+m+=++.+., (11:
+?m+++m++ o+m+ (1z: ++m++ o+m+ (1!: ++m+?++ o+m+
(1!: C+mm++ o+m+ (1: a+++?++o+m+ (1: mo+?o+o+m+ (1:
++ +omaa (1s: a?o+o+m+ - Sm+a, +++a+++
C++oooo.[mm

=oo- o+m+ ++o++o o+m++ ?moa ==+m
o++++ - a+a+?a+o+m+= - +.=+m
++ooa m+aao a?++aa+m+++m +o+ m+aao
oo+o+oa+m+++m m+m+aao m+a+m+++m
o+m+m?+m o++ o+m+=a ?m ==+maa
o+m++?m[a (m mao=++=a S+o+[
==+m++ o+m++?m[a: o+m+m?+m.a +++aa
mm++++= ?a++amoo=


..m - III

?m+a

++++m
(?m+++= mm +m+m:

+?m+ +m ++o m+a?m+ ++m
+++ a+ a+ +++ ?m+
?m+ ?m+ +++
+++ +++

..m - IV

?m+a

a+++ o++a o++aa o++a
(aoo+.a C+aa (a+++=+m mm+a
?moa o++a: a++=+m Coa:

+ a+ m+a ++m
?m+a ?m+a ?m+a ?m+a

1 + ?m+++o +?+a o++aaa, C+mm++
o++aaa S+[ mm


z a+ ?m+++o S+[ o+m +m a+ ?m+++o
- o++aaa, - +a+a, - o+m+ mm=
++o a+?m+++o - o++aaa mm= m+a
?m+++o =. o++aaa mm=

! ++m ?m+++o - o++aaa mm=

..m - V

(a) ?m++=+=+m

(1: ma++m (z: S+o+m=+m !:o++=+m

(b) ?m++=+=+m - =a C++om+

++ ma+++a +++m +++a ?a++ma +ooa
(1: (z: (!: (!: (: (:


..m - VI

?m+a

o =+=+m (o+=+=+m:
(?m+++= o =+a++ +m+m ma +to+m

++=+aa ?a++a aa+ama +a+aa m?+m+a
(1: (z: (: (:

o+m +++
aa+ama aa+ama
(!: (!:

=oo - o+o++o +[o..m o+m+=++m mom++o
+[o..m o++=+m mao++a, +++aa - o+=+++++
+a=+m ++++m+++++o +[o..m +ma o+o++=+m
+++a+aao +[o..m - m+a+m


..m - VII

?m+a

S+ += a ?m+ma+++a oaoo
S+= "o++++++aa" =a Coa+
So++a Soo++o ma+++a

o++ ++++a=+m

+?m+ ++o a+ m+a ?m+++= ++m
+++aa ?m+++= o mo+++a ?m+++=
o++m+ o+++++aa o+++++aa +moa++?m
+++a mm= Soo+++
=oo[a C++ooo
o[+=


..m- 1o C++oooo.. +?m+a

+ =+o, =++o ?+m++m =+++oo[++++?m+
oo= C+mm++ aoo[++++?m+ += "+" =
Coa+ "+" =++ S.++o o+a++ o++= mamm+
C+aaoo.[mm?++ ++ a+++=+m "+". Sooo 1c!
+=+m (1cz =a C++o++++m: S+= zcz!
m+++=+m, m+++=++= 1c1 m++=+m (-mCm+
m++++= -mCm+ +m:, m++=++= s
m++=+m m++=++= ! +a+a=+m
+a+a=++= 1c a.o=+m a.o=++= s
m.+=+m mm +?m+a, +aaa, S+++aa
++a++o ?o++= Ca+++a ! ++m

1 om + - ++a m.[m= ( .o - +.+:

z o+ + - a+ Soo= (+.+++ =a,
m+m+++ =a C++ooo+a --- .o - ++=+m:

! +[ + - aa .moo= (++ ?m+m
m+a - .o ao:

! o+o=+a,=oo+o+=+m,+a,++++,++++=+m,
+ m+a Sm m++m, ++o
?+m+++=a mm o++++++m S+o mm

+ ?m+++o +o S.=+mo ma+a, +ooo, ! ++++
m++a, =+++m +=a +++a ?o+m+m
S++++++ C++oooo[+= +m ?+m++m m+++o
scc to 1cc mile ?m+++o C+oo++oam++m (S++
mm =+++m: =a C++oooo[+=

o.ooo m+oo ?++a= "oa". !c ++=+m
S+o o C++o+=

..m-1o C++oooo.. a+ ?m+a

S+o zcs a+++=+m Soo++++ C++om+ a++=+m,
Sm+C+aaa m m+oam mm Sm S+[
o+m++ mm

+ma+ ?m+a
(2a)
1c1++++m (+m+m:
S++++++ C++om+
So?o+= ++++?m
mm ma+m
o+m++m - !z
ma+m
1 ++?m+a 1 +.a
z +?+aa z ++++aa
! om+ao ! o+aa
! ++++aa ! +moaa
+?m++m+++a
oaoa +ooa
om++a s ++++aa
s ooa u a++++a
u -m?+aa 1c ++o++ ++a
1c ?+aa 11 +++a
11 -moaama 1z m+m+++a
1z +.a 1! +++++aa
1! +om.o+.a 1! ?+?+o+=
1! ++o+aa 1 +a+o+=
1 ++ao+aa 1 o+am++
1 ++o+oa 1 ?a++++ma
1 ++?o+ 1s +m+m+++
1s +++a 1u m+++a

+ma+ ?m+a
(2a)
1c1++++m (+m+m:
S++++++ C++om+
So?o+= ++++?m
mm ma+m
o+m++m - !z
ma+m
1u +++?oaa zc +++++a
zc ++++aa z1 ?a++++
z1 ++oa zz =++++a
zz =+=oa z! +m
z! =ao z! m=t+a
z! ++++aa z +.++a
z o++.+aa z ++S+aa
z o+++m+ z ?a++=.o
z o+om+a zs o=+o+aa
zs o+++a+.a zu o+++?o+++a
zu a+ma !c +m+a++a
!c a+++aaa !1 m+++a
!1 m+=toa !z m+mm+ +++aa
!z m++++maa ( =o= Soo:
!! m+++aaa

!! m+++oa

! m++++a

! ++.a+a+

! +a+a+aa

!s +?m+++m+++a

!u o+++++maa

!c o++++a

!1 o+a?++


a+ ++++m mm+a C++amoo

2(b) ++o a+ ?m+a (Sm++m m.+?+ ++a:

1 ++++a, 1 o+m+=++a mm++++ C++om+
ma+m

1 ++++m o+m+=+m - 1
1 m++?aa 1 +o+oa
z ++ma z oama
! +o+oa ! o+aoama
! Com?+aa ! mo+oa
a+++a++a a+++++a
++?o+oa +++oaoa
m?+aa`` ++++o+a+a
s m?+aa`` s a.oo+a+a
u o+++++a u +m+a ++++a
1c o+a+mo+a 1c om+a
11 oo+a 11 o+
1z Como+m+ma 1z =+a+++a
1! om+oa 1! +a++aa
1! C+m+?+aa 1! a+= mo+aa
1 m?+aa 1 ++.a+a
1 +++m++a
1 m+++a

`` , s Cmm?m


a+ ?m+a C++.+o+ a +to+m

1 ++++a o++aaa - ++++a a+++=+m a++
mm++a
z ++o+ o++aaa - S= m+o a+ ?m+ o+maa
! ++++a +a+a - ?m+ a+++=+mo+=
C++=++oo..=
! o+o+++a+a - m+o a+ ?m+++o+=
C++=++oo..=

mao+ =+o a+++=+m +..a = C++om+

++++ a++m o+ao+a+o +m a+ ?m+
a+++=++= ++++a mao+ =o Coa+ m++=

a+ ?m+a - ++.a - S++ =. ++.ma, ++.a,
o+o+.+a, o++a = o+++oo.[mm=

z(b) m+o a+ ?m+a - S= m+m?a mao+
=a C++oooo[a S= m. ++.ooo+ooa a+=
mo+a+ ma= Sm+ m+ao+a+.a+= o+++m+
S+o !c +a+aa mm= !cm= +a+aa +?++om+
a+ ?m+++o mm= o+o+++a+ o+m+ S=
a+ ?m+ +++a

m?++ a+ m++aa,
+a ?m+a+ ?a+++ +aa,
a+?a+a+ a++a +aa,

S+ +++a

(m++o+= = m++= +=+ C+o Smo
S+= = -m+= +=+ C+o a+++o+=
= ++++a+= +=+ C+o:


S++ o+m++o a+= mo+a+ - a+?+a S.?a +.++
mam++a mm=

+++m+ma o+m+ (++o a+ ?m+a:

+? +a mo++++?a o?+a

S++ a+++++ Co+m

(+ ?+m?, -mo Co+?m ==+m =oo++
C+ao+maa + om ++=+m C+a+ mo oa
om++ ==+m omo o++ao S.[+ C+o +m
C+aa+aa ==++= ++=:

..m 1o C++oooo.. m+a ?m+a(!:

m+a ?m+a =o= ooo +m+m ooo C+am=+mo
o+ C++ o++++++ ++a =a +m+m, Sm+m
+++ ?o+o ?+.[ +a+= m+++++m Sm S+[
o+m+m++ mm S+o 1s a+++=+m Soo++++
C++om+ a+o.. mm+=+m+C++.=

1 o+m++++a - o+m+m
z +++++++a - -o= o+m+m

Ca+++a !c ++a+aa

!! ++++m (+++ =+o 1c = Co+m:

1ccc o+m+m (m+++m: S++++aa 1 ++++m ++
a=+a= =a C++om++ [ aa +o Co+?a+++m
+?o+= m ++ mm= =a C++om+ ++, o+m,
o+m?++aa Sooooo.. ++a++ .a= m+aa m+aa
m+a++ma, m+a++ma o+++oo.[mm= S+=
"o=++" = Coa+ ++m= o+m -mCm+ o=+++=a
- +m.+ ?+m+

+= o=++ =+o

1 o+m++ma, z +++a, ! o++o++a, ! o++ma, ++a

=. o=++ =+o o+ma o=+++a =o+
?+++=+ C++mm ?m[a

S+o +++?+++a o+m+, ?+?++o+m+ - S+[
o+m+=++m mm ?++ooa +=+++ =+a,
-oaa, mm+ma ++a+++=. -+=mm= S+o o
.++++++++m +a +to+m Cmma.[mm+++m
C+a+aa Sooo?a ++a++ C+a= +a +to+m
Cmma.o+++++m

1 o+m+mo, +++aaa,C+m+aa, = S+[a
++a+++ ++a C+aaoo[+=

+++?+++a o+m+ - S= +++?+++a o++aa+++
?++++=

1 +++o+ -- Sm+ m+m+aa m?m+
?+=m+= o?++++++

z ao++m +?+a+ -- Sm+ om m+aa m?m+
?+=m+= o?++++++

! m+a ++a +o+o+ -- Sm+ mam+++ m+aa
m?m+ ?+=m+= o?++++++

! ++ooa+ -- Sm+ ++ooa m+aa m?m+
?+=m+= o?++++++

o+m+o mo -- Sm+ o=+++ m+aa
m?m+ ?+=m+= o?++++++


Sm+m =m+ =oo= =+o +[+++a
==+m ++ m+a, mma, maa C+++=
+ ?++a+m+= C++[++ ?++a+m m+a+ C++ooaoo
++ ++oo.[ oo Co++ Sm mma,
maa a+= ?++a+m + Sm.+=+=+ ++oo..+o
m.o oa .a a+..+ C+[+oaa .m+
S= +[+++a =aoo a+++ma +[+++ao
?o+?+ S+ C++om+= +++o+ ?o+
+m+m ?+m

S+o (m+a?m+++o: ++a++ o+m+m C++ooo
o[+

1: a+=a z: +aaa !: ++a - S= m+o o+m

+ma - S= S+.+m= o+m (m+o+m+a:

o+oa++++ ++aa - S= m+m= o+m

m+++= ++= o=+ Soo+++ C++oooo[+=
1: o++ z: o+a++ !: a+aa+ !: m++

S+o m++ a.[a +.mao mm==+= a
ma m?m a+=mm=

?+?++o+m+

a+++o =o= ?+mm o+=+m Sa++a - a+++o om
++oo m+ - S= +[oo++o o[m+= mo++?m S+=
C++[S++= ++a+ + mm m..o o++ao
oo +++=+m Sa==+ =o?o+= Sa=+ +ao++=
=o ?o+ ?+mm+m, o+o+m S+o mm S++
o+m++o ! a+++=+m, ! o=++m mm S+=
++=+++, oa+m+ Sma "o+maa" =.+a+++++m
(o+m+ m++ao zm= o+m++o mm+=+m
C++[++oo.[mm:

+++?+++a o+m+ (m+a ?m+a:

m+a ++a C+aom = Co+m o+= +a+a=+m
S+= ++++a o+m++o ?o+o +oo [ ++
m+a, +++ m+a, a= m+a, ++ooa m+a ,
o++ m+a, o=+++ m+a, oa+ m+a, +o+ m+a
= oo o+m+m mm

(o+m+ m++ao um= o+m++++ mm+=+m
C++[++oo.[mm:

m+a ?m+++o C+m+aa, ++a+aa, aaa
= m o+m [

C+m+a- ++.a o++oaa, mam++ o++oaa,
?+m+++a+a o++oaa, mao?++o+m+ o++oaa,
m.mam o++oaa, +?ma o++oaa, m++?+++a
o++oaa, mam o++oaa = =.[ o++oa=+m

+a+a - +++?+++a +a+a
o+m+ - +++?+++a o+m+
++a+a mao+ - S+= +a++ o++oaa,
+a+a, o+m+ Sm Soo

aa mao+ - S+o aa o++oaa, aa
o++oa +a+a, ?+?++o+m+= mm

..m- 1o C++oooo.. ++m ?m+a (!:

a+a =+ Sm "++" =a o =+oo++o
S+= ++m ?m+a = Coa+ us a+++=+m
Soo++++C++om+
a+++=+m ?++++ mao+ ++m ?m+++=, o
?m+=+m++ ++oo ?m+a, o+++ ?m+a, ++ ?m+a, S+o++
?m+a, o++ ?m+a, a+ ?m+a, a+++ ++++ ?m+=+m
= oom+++ So o++++ C++om+

Co+= - Cmm+ mao+, oooo++ mao+ =
S+[ mao++m ?++o+ o++oaa, o++?+o+m+,
a+a+a o+m+, +mao ++o+a o+m+ Sm+m
S++ ?++++=

S+=mm ++++m (+m+m: oooo++ +++, mC+m+
+++, Cam+ +++, C+m+a +++, +o +++, o+
+++, o+aa ?m+ +++, ?m+ +++ +++, +++ m+a
+++, = oo ++++m mm

S+= !1 o+m+=+m Soo++++ C++om+ ma+m

1 o++a 1 ++a
z m.+a 1s +a+
! a+[+aa 1u o++o+a
! ++m ++a zc o+o+aaa
++m ++a z1 ++o+++o
o+o+++o+oa zz ?+m
+mao o+++o z! o+ma
s ++++ o+m++a z! oma++o+oa
u +++, z +o+
1c ++aa z ao+m++aa
11 ao+++++aa z ?++o+o++o
1z ++a+omaa zs +ma
1! ++a++o zu oa++ma
1! ++ooaa !c +++++?+aa
1 o+aa oam o+m+++a !1 ++.a
1 o+a

++m momao+, zc ++.=+m++ o++= o=
o+o+.+=+m , m++=+m, m++=+m, a+++=+m =
C++=++oo.[mm Ca+++a s! a+++=+m ++ma

C++++m++m ++ma+o +o+, +++ao +o+ So?o+=a
S+++++m

+a++ 1a oo "oo+m" =+ o++a
mmoa++ a+a a+ ++m ?m+++ o++++ Ca+ao
=.++ Smo+aa+++= S= m+o++++a++ a+=
m..=

?++a++= ?moa +++++m S++ ?m+++o mm=
m+ao +++a=+m S++ ?m+++o mm oa, +oa,
++, +o (C+oo:, ++aa Sm+o ?++a+m =ooo
=oo[++o+a =o=a S+o mm= "oo+o+a"
S+o C++oooo.[mm= C+om++ .aa m
mo++m mm+a S+o mm=

++m ?m+++o+= C+a m==++m moo++
(oo.ooo++: (V-I, V-II, V-III)?o++ ma+=+m
m+++ S=+o++++ +++++++m o++ m+a,
++aao m+a mmaa S++ ?m+++o mm= + ++++,
+++ +m+m C+aaa ma mm+=a mm+=+m
S++ ?m+++o mm "+++mao+" ao ++oo[+=
(+=++m+ ++mm+ ao+oo S++ +to mm=:
+++=+ C++a++ +a+m .oo mo ?o+o
mm = S++ ?m+++o C++oooo.[mm= ++
m+a (m+m m+a: oaa =oo+m mm m+a
ma+++ C+oa +a+m, .oo o=a +a+m, m+=
ma+++ C+oom, ?++o ma+++ C+oom ?o+
+a+m S++a+m+o =o[a ?++a+mo oa
mm+=+m mm Sa+ a+=ma S+o
C++oooo[+= mo++m Coa+, m oo S+o
mm= a, a+++, -mm+ +++++m, ++m oa,
a++a, ++a, mmm+m++a, m?+ma, ma++a,
m++a z m++m, (a+++ +++:, ! +m (m+a, oa,
+oa, ++a +++:, ! a+m (a+=m++m: Sm ?o+
++++ m+m C++oooo.[mm


++++ ++a+++m ++m= ?++a+= +++m+ ++++ C+a=
C++mm=, +++o o+a+= +., S+o mm+=+m mm
o+aa -m+a- ++a. +oo oa, ++ +o++++ o+o,
?m+aa ?o+ -m++m +o++ a Sm+m
++oo..+o =o[a +=+a, +. am, .o m,
+oo Sooa ?o+ oo++++ mm+a mm=
m?++++m oo+++ a+++a mm= +aa, m[
=ooo S++ ?m[a, ++oo+m, ++, +++m, +++=+m,
a+=+m, mo ao, a o, So, Cmmma, C+oo,
m+a, +aa, Sm+o =o[a a+a, ++
Coa, o++ m+a, aa, o++aa, a?+aa,
m+=+ aa, ++ aa ?+++=+m oa mm+=+m
mm =++++ ++++m oa mm+=+m mm=

++++m
1 =oo+ ++o++a, =oo+ S.++a +.mm
=+++m
z ++mmmm ++m++
! +o o Co++++ +oom
! +a+o++++
=m.
++a++++
m?++o
s +++a++++
u C++a+

Sm++Cmoo+a ++++m = ?m+a C++o+=

o+aa+++a m++a S+o mm= a+++m
o+m=+mo ?o+++ m++m o+mam++m+++ C+aaa
?+m++m S+o C++oooo.[mm


oaao m++=a ?+m++m C++oooo.[mm - mm+a
ma+
1 + z ?o++++
z mmo+ (++m+ mo
mm ?+m+:
z m++a o=+++a+
! -m++m zs ?m+a
! m+ zu ++oo
?o+++++ !c am
+oaa !1 o=+m
m+ !z mo
s o++++m+o+m !! +++
u +a+a++ !! +++am
1c oa ! ++ooa
11 a+++m
! oa =+m (o+a+
a++=+m :
1z o+m+=+m ! a+a (11 m+a+ a+=+m:
1! +.o+m !s =++m
1! +++m !u =o+
1 ?m+++ !c +++ma
1 oaao +oa++
S+=a +++=+m !1 o+a
1 mmm !z ma+
1s ++m+ !! mamm++
1u =++m+ !! a+m+
zc a++ ?+m++m ! mm?m?+m+ ?+m oma
z1 =a+ ! o+a
zz + !s o+++a, o+o+
z! ++a+m !u?om
z! ?om+

z a


++++ ?+m++m mm+a ma+

1 ++++m++m 11 +=++o
z om++ 1z om
! ++++a+ 1! m+m
! m+a 1! ++
o+a(a ?+m+: 1 o+o+
++++ 1 Sm
++=+m 1 aa
s m+m+++ 1s o++
u ?m+a 1u ++++m++ ?+m+
1c o++m zc +++

m+o m++=a ?+m++m -

1: S+++ 1!: +mm.+
z: oomo+ `` 1!: mmC+m
!:++a 1: oomo+ ``
!: +++m 1: ++a+
: a++ 1: mm?m ++a
: mm 1s: C+am+ o++m
: o+ 1u: +Cam
s: a+ zc: +++++=+m
u: mmmm+ z1: +o+ +ma
1c: +m++?+m zz: ?+m o
11: ++++ z!:o++o+
1z: om+ z!: +mm++?+m+

`` z ?+m =; 1 ++=


oaao !s, ++++++o zc, =m++++o z!, + u1

?aa S++ ?m+++o a++a, o.+m, +mo+, Cmo+=a
=[, + Cmo, +Ca =[, m+o C+
+++=a a+++a, ao +ao m+= =am=, +++m,
=m=+m -+=+mo a+= m++oo[a =[+m,
aoa amoo=++=a, +.+=ma C+
+++=m= --- Sm oa mm+=+m mm =t+m+m++a
(+ o++ =[: +am+m++a (++m a=+
+[a++o:, +a?a+++++m++a (aa++ a++o ?o+o:
Sooo ooooo m++=+m mm+=+m mm

..m-II oC++oooo.. a+++a( mao+: (1:

m++ ++a+++mo C++oooo[a a+++=+m S+o
mm o++++++ a+++=+m, ++m++ a+++=+m -
Smaa S+o .++a ++a ++a=+maa S+o
C+++= C++mmo+a

++ ?m+++o S+[ o+m (1: +++oo o+m (z:o+m+oo
o+m

+++o o+mo, + ?m+++= +++o mao+ S+=
o++oaa, +?+a o++oaa S+= +a+a,
+?+a +a+a S+= o+m+, +?+a o+m+

o+m+oo o+m - S+= o+m+o mao+, C+mm++
o++oaa, m+=+a+a +a+a, C+mm++ o+m+ -
Sm mm

..m-IIo C++oooo.. o++oaa (z:

a+++=++=a, ++a++=a mm +ao++a, a++
m++m, a++=+m+ C+aaa m+m, ?m+++++
C++m++m, ++++ +++m, +.oa+ o?++=+m,
o++am+++a, m?++++=+m, o+ao+ oa +++m S+o

mm a++++ +.++, a++++ +.+=a aa++o
m+++oo[a "++m+=+m" oa mm+a mm= m++m !
+=+m ma+m

1 ?o++ +a - +?m+ +++++m (+?m+
o+++aa C+aom+:
z +m+a +a - a+ ?m++m (a+ ?m+
o+++aa C+aom+:
! ++++ +a - m+a ?m++m (m+a ?m+ o+++aa
C+aom+:
! o+oa +a (a+ ?m++m:

..m-IIo C++oooo.. +a+a (!:

m+oo+m+++m, +a+m+m - ++.oo oo++
?moam S+o mm =C a++a =ooo =ooo
C+a++o = oo =o ?o+ mm+=+a mm

..m-IIo C++oooo.. o+m+ (!:

o+m+o oa ++m=+maa, o+m+ =
+a+++aa mm+++= (m+m+a, +o+ m+a, oa
m+a m+oa: o+m+. C+=+ Soo++o,
++m= o+m+ mmo, o, =a- Sm+
C++moo++o "o+m+" =a C++oooo[+=
o+m+=+m 1cs = C++oooo.o+++a, o+=
o+m+=+m m++aa++ C++oooo[+ S=
"=+++.a" =a C++oooo[+= o+=
o+m+=++m mm+++ "o+m+=++m" =+
+a+ +ooo + C++[++oo.[mm=

Co+= - a+ ?m+a - +m a+ ++o a+
= S+[ o+m +m a+ ?m+a S+[
+m+m


- +m ++++a mao+, o++oaa, +a+a,
o+m+

SC+ +m-+. mao+ +?.+o+m+, +om+o +.
mao+ =a - o+m a+++a mao+,
a+++a o+m+, +?m+++m+?++o+m+=, =
o+m+m

++o a+ - a++a++ o+.a, ++m o+.a =
S+[ o+m+m o+.++ Coa+?o?a mao++m
+++a - a++a++ mao+, ++m mao+
+++m+ma o+m+= S+[ o+.=+ma ++o+
o++oaa [ oo+++a+ o+m+ S+o mm=

..m-IIIo C++oooo.. ?m+=+m ++++m
(1: +?m+ +++

z1 ++++m S+++++ma, +?o+= ++++m a.oo
Soo+++ma C++oooo[+= ma+m
1 +++oa
z om+oa
! +mo+aa
! ++=++aa
+?+aa
a+a++aa

..m-IIIo mm +m a+?m+ +++

1c1 ++++m S++C+a, s a.[a S++C+a,
+?o+= ++++?m mmC+a C++oooo[+=
m
1 ++++++
z ++.+ ma+
! +om.o +++
! a+++a +++ = +o+o +++
++++a +++

..m-IIIo C++oooo.. ++o a+ ?m+ +++

S+o 1 ++++m S++++++ C++oooo[+= So?o+=
Soo= z ++++m m-
(1: m++?a mao+
++o+ o++oaa
o+o+++a o+m+
+++a+a +C+m+ m++a
o+m++ +oa m++a
(z: ++m +++

..m-IIIo mm m+a ?m+ +++

m ++++m mm
(1: C+m+a +++
(z: +++aa +++
(!: aa +++

..m-IIIo mm ++m ?m+ +++

S+[ ++++m mm
(1: oooo++ +++
(z: C+m+ +++

..m-IVo mm a+++o++a

-mCm+ ?m+++a, +++a C++oo, +ma
+ao+ C++oa o++a aa C+aaa a+++=+m +,
a+ m+a, ++m =+ S++ ++= ?m+=+ma
mm

..m-IVo C++oooo.. o++oao++a

o++oa o++++o, -mCm+ ?m+++a mm
a+++=+m mm+a ?o+oo[+= a++=+m =+++++

C+aaoo[+, m+m Coa =m =o=a
C++oooo[+=

..m-IVo o++aao++++o + ?m+++o mm (1:
+?+a o++oaa

S+o !c +a+a=+m mm S+o ?m+ ++ooo++
m++=+m, ?m+ ++o C+m+m C++oooo.[mm
+++?+o ++ S+o mm= +mo+a +oo m++a
S+o mm= 1z +a+a=+m mm "+C+m+a", !
+a+a=+m mm "+oa m++a " S+o mm=

..m-IVo o++aa o++++o +?m+++o
(z:C+mm++o++aaa

om+ a+=a - +a+a=+m (1 m+o :,
a+++=+++ (a+=a: m++=+m - m +a+a=+m (
m+o 1c: a+++=+++ (a+==+m:a+++=+m zc
+a+a=+m (11 m+o !c: (C+mm++ +a+a +a++
mm= S=, ++++ =om+ o+o+ =om+=+
C++m:

..m-IVo o++aa o++++o (!:+m a+
?m+a

S+o 1: ++++a o++aaa ++++a +a+a
++++a o+m+ mm= ++++a o++aaa,
o+m+, =oo+o o.oo+maa mm+++=

..m-IVo o++aa o++++o (!: ++o a+ ?m+a

S+o "++o+o++aaa" mm= S= S+[
o++=+m++ S++= a++=+mo oa =oo+ mm+ma
S+o C++oooo[+=


..m-IVo o++aa o++++o (:m+a?m+++o
mmm

S+o o++aa=+m S++ ma+m

(1: o=+ma+ o++aaa (?m+a a++a C+aaoo[a
m+++ mm+++=

(z: ++ma+o++aaa (++o=+m aoo, m
mm+=+m, ++++=+m, m+m mm++=+m,
m++aa++ m+ ++m++a, o+aoa oa mm+a
S+o mm:

(!: ++am++ o++aaa (+a=+m mm+++=
S++ +a=+m +m++a, o=+++a, ++++aa
= m=+oo[+=:

+m++a 1: o++aa z:mm ++++a !:++o=+oa !:
o+aomao+ :a++++?.a mao+ :o+a mao+
:o+++m+a s: ++++a ++++a u: o++?amm+a

o=+++a 1: o++aa z: m++=a++a !:o+amao+
!:o+?a++oma :a+?o+++a (o++a++o - ++a+o++++o
Sooo mm:

++++aa 1: m++m+a z: Comm++a !:a++aa (o+m++o
?++.a++ C++oooo..+++ +++a++m mom:

(!: +?mao++aaa - m+a?m+ +a+a++=
m++aa+= ++m= m+a?m+a
C++oo+C++ma +ma+++= S= a+
m++aa+=

(: ma+o++aaa - m+a ?m+ +++a++mo o
S= mm+++=


(: ?+m+++a o++aaa - m+a?m+++?o?a S=
m+a o++aaa m+a?m+ ++a oa =oo+
mm+ma S+o mm=

(: +om+++o++aaa - S= +++?+++a o+m+
=a C++om+ +++?+++a o+m++o o -
o+m+ =+ +oooo C++oooo.[mm=

..m-IV-o o++aa o++++o (: ++m
?m+++o ?++o+ o++aaa - a+ m+aa+ o=+ =oo+o
o.oo ++ma=+a S+o mm

..m-v-o ?m+++o mm (a) ?m++=+=+m =+
+oooo (1: ma++m - S= a++o +++o =a
C++oooo[a ooao=+m =a C++om+ S+o
ama+, o++++ ma+, a+=mo+a ma+ =
Sooo oo ma++m mm Sma+ma -.++
m+maa +++maa mm+++ ma++m 1s
?m+ +++=+m a++o ma+oo= ma++m
C+a+m++m ooa+, mm, a, aa, =++m,
m+m.+, +++, mam++++, o+++++, om+ao+,
+++a+a+, C+m+a+, +=++, m++, ++, o++++,
oomo+, +++, ma+m+, a+=mo+a+, ?o+++a+

..m-V ?m++=+=+m (a)o mm (z:S+o+m=+m

"S+o+ma" =+o +.+++ +.++oo?a C++om=

(1: oa+++a+aa (om+oa+ ao+ma+o
moo..= =. ++.=+m z!ccc
+?o++=+m o+m+ oa ++++a, ++a
=+ +oCoa+o ama m+++a C+a=
ama =ooo S++ ?m[a =o+
m++= ++.oa= ("+++++ ++m++a"
oa+++a+aa =aC++om+:


(z: oao+o+++a (oma+m a++m ma=: - 1s
o+m=+m -o+a +?o++=+m o+.m,
=+?a++++a++m-o+m m+++a,
++a+=+=a, ++a+=+=a +.++ ?o++,
oa+o+m+++ m++++= omm
mom+++aa m++++= - Smaa a oma
mm

..m V ?m++=+=+m (a)o(!: mm o++=+m

o++=+m Ca+++a 1s mam++++mo o+ C++o+=
= C++om+ m++m+, ++m, ++am o++=+m =a
Smo o++= C++om+++m

1 mm o++a
z ++++a o++a
! o++m+ o++a
! +. o++a
o+a o++a
m++o o++a
oao+mmmo o+C++oa o++=+m Sm
=a, Sm m++m+ o++=+m =a C++om+

1 o+oa+. o++a
z o+oamm+++ o++a
! a++++?.a o++a
! omma o++a
m+a o++a
o+oa o++a
o+oa+mo o+ C++oa o++=+m Sm =a,
Sm ++m o++=+m =a C++om+

1 a+ma o++a
z ++a o++a
! o=+ o++a
! +m o++a

m+++ o++a
+ o++a
o+?amm+o (+m: o+ C++oa o++=+m =a
Sm ++am o++=+m =a C++om+

..m - V(b) ?m++=+=+m -

?m+++= - +++ =o= m+= =a, ma+++a
=o= m+a =a, +++a =o= ++= =a,
?a++ma =o= + =a, +ooa =o= ++m
=a C++om+ =+=+. +oa ++=
?m+=++= +oa+ ++++a ?m+++ Co+m
++a aa+ama, S+o+ma , o++a = 1! =+m
1! m+a+m++=+m =a C++om+ (a+?m+a, +++
++m++a, ++ ?m+a, +++++m ?m+a = ?+++= 1s
m+a+m++=+m =a C++om+:

1: ++ - o+, +++++ m+oam++m+o
C+aaoo..= = C++om+ !z +++m
+.+=mm+++ma, S+o +o+=+m ++=+m,
m mm+=+m, Sm+ ++a++ ++++=a m+a
C++oooo.[mm= =a C++om+

z: ma+++a - S= So++a oa+ +m
ma+++ oo+ = o+m+++m ma+++a
mam++ Ca++=a, ?m++=+=a m+aa+=

!: +++m - ?m+ a+++=+m a++++ +++oo,
++++=a?o+= mm =, S++a +++m
=oo[+=

!: +++a - ?m++C+++mo o++=a m+a S+o
C++oooo[+= +a o+=+m +++=+a
++[ma S+o mm o+m++ mm++o
C+aaoo..= +?o+= m++++o mm=


: ?a++ma - S+= mm++a ?+maoo
m+Sao = ++oo[+= m+++m++ma S+o
C++oooo[+= ?a++m+=+= +ao++oo..=
m+mao S+o m+o ++a+++m C+aa ?moa
++oa, oo m+++++oo[+= ++a, aa
++o=+mo oa ++ ++m++a mm=

: +ooa - ?m+=+mo C++oa ++a+++m "+ooa"
C++o+= +++a+a+, +mo+a+, ?o+++a+ -
Sm++m ma +oom++=+m o+ Com

..m-VI ?m+++= o=+a++ +m+m
ma +to+m mm+a S+o C++[++oo[+=

1 ++=+aa - o+oo mm+ ma= z ++m=+m
S+o C++oooo[+ o=+ =+ ?a+++++o,
=+++ .ao+a =a C++oooo[+=

z ?a++a - oo+=+o mm+ Saa=Sm+ So+=
m +t+[++= mo m+++++++C++om+
?a++m++a =+ ++o Saa++++
mam++++= ao+o+maa =+ So++ma
Saa++++ ?a++++o1u! m++=+m mm
am, .o, +a+ Sm+m ?a++a C+a=
C+oo[++ o+m++= +oooo+o o+
C++o+= S= "?a++m++" =oo[+=
?a++m++++o 1s oCa++m m++a=+m++ mm
S+o ++= o+m+m mm m +a++, m+++,
mo+, +moaa (?a++a: =oo[a

! aa+ama (o+m aa+ama: - a mm+ ma=
1z ++.=+m c +a+a=+m ?m+++o mm ++m
m++++m S+o mm

! aa+ama (+++ aa+ama: - S= ?m++++a =oo[a
oma+m mm+ ma= S= ?m+=+m m++a

S= "ooa m++a " =a C++oooo[a !
+a+a=+m mm -mCm+ +a+a+=+=a !
o++=+m ,s,1u1 m++=+m o++=++ o+m+o+++m
S+= o+maa (+: =.+amm++ S= "+++++
aa+am" =oo[+= o+m+o++a+ +
"oo+maa" =oo[+= oa+m+++++a+a +
=.+a++++

+a+aa - ?m+++o C++oooo..m+m+ +.+=
+o+= =[++oo..m "+a+aa" , ! m++=+m
mm "+a+a++" a 1 m+m+ C++o+=
(1: o+a+a (z: o+?aaa (!: ma+aa (!: o+?a+a
(: +++a (: ++++++a (: mama (s: ++++a
(u: ++aa (1c: m++a (11: ooa (1z: m+.+m++a
(1!: ?o+mo+ma (1!: ++++a (1: ?++
1: +++om++a

m?+m+a - o+++ mm+ ma= o+o
mm =oo+o Co+m+m = ++a++
mao++a+= Sm 1: + +maa - S= u o+m -
ma+m - a, oa, ?+m, m+a, ++aa, ++oa,
++, +a+, aa z: =a - S= ++ma+=.
?++++= z! o+m+m mm m oa , +ma, +++a,
o++a, +=+a, o+a+a, o++o, +a?a++a, m?a++a,
mo, oo, o++,m+a, =++a, +?mma,
ma+ =+ma, m?+oa, +o+a, ?m+a, ++m+ma,
moo, Cmoo, .++a - + z! !: ++aa (m: !:
++a+aa (++maa, =a ++a++?o ?+a S= a+m,
++m = S+[ m+: : m?+ma (+.+a++
a+a+=a S+[ ++m +o: : mam+aa
(+++++, C+ao, , .a - Sm ++a++: -

"+" ?m+++o+= a+?m+ma
a+ ?m+++o+= ++?m+ma
"m+a" ?m+++o+= ++ ?m+ma

"++m" ?m+++o+= +++ ?m+ma
(+++++m++a - .+++o: ?++a= =
C++om+

..m-VII ?m+a - o++++++aa

Smo Co+=m++ ?m+ +++oo, +++ o+++o,
?++++o, o+a o+oo=, ?++oo=, ++++a, ++++a -
Sm =++, mm+ mao++a+ +oma=+m,
mao+o+.a, o+ mao+, +aaa, ++m o+++++ao
++a++ ++maa m+a ?m+o+++++ao o++?oma,
m+?oma m++a, m++a, ++a, ++a, ++a, ++a,
+m.a, +m.a, ma+m.a ?o+ ++++=+mo
?o+=+m mm+++oo[+

..m-IIo C++oooo.. o+m+=++m

?a++ o+a++ C++om= o+m+=++m
++ +?mo+=+m = C++oooo[a S+++a=+m +++a
Sm Soo++?o+= m Smmo+a=+m mo++
Sao+= ++ +?mo+=+m+ C++[+= ?o++a
?o+?++o+=+maa (om+=a mm=++m: =o[++
o+mo+a ?++++a =o[++ m++= o
oo+m+ C++[+= ma+ma om, ++aa
=o+ +++ mo Cmoo =o[++
o+aom++++a+ o+m+ +mo+m .a
m+m C++o++ o+m+ S++ m+m+
C++om=++ o+m+=++m ?m+=+mo - o=+
o+a+=+. ?+++= =.+oo..= (++++a
o+m+ - ++++a o+m++ !m= moo S= +m
a+ ?m+++o - ++++a +a+++o +.+ o++++o
mm=:

m++a - o+=a +=+ =m+ o=++++m+
C++.=


m++=+m ?++++= o++a (+a+aa =a C++om+:
oo o++=+m ?++++= ++.a (++++a o+m++o -
=++m+ m++a (+++a+a:, a++++ m++a, ++a
a+++a, +a+m m++a, =+++ m++a, ma+o+
?o+a a+++a (-ao, -aom, -amm: +o+ m+a,
++++a m++a, o+o+aa o+ma (++a a.o++o:
+?m+o+m a++++, o?+m a+++a, m++a+m++
a+++=+m, ++a++ m+o a+++a, om++ a+++a,
?a++m++a, ++?a++++m+ a+++a, m+m ?+m a+++a,
o+++o+ a+++=+m, o+++m +oa, =+a=a
aa oo mm

+++++ m+a m+?a+++

S+ Co+m-

a+++= a o+++a S= - a+= o++=
a+= ++, a+++ ++oo[m= ?o+o m?m+[
++oo. ?m[a m+o o .aoo?o+o
o++ +++a+o .ao m?m mm= "o++ " -
+ +o "ma+" - mo= o++a, "o+" - S.=
o++a "oo+m" o+++ C++.++ Sm +m+
a+++o .aoa m?m S++= "a+
?m+a" S+ +o "+ ?m+a" mo= o++a "m+a ?m+a"
S.= o++a "++m ?m+a" +oo=+a++ +++a++
mm= Sm +m+ o++a+o .ao mm=
"++++" S+ +o, "++a" mo= o++a, "++aa" S.=
o++a, "ao+" =+ +++ +oo=+ao +++a++
mm= Sm +m+ o++ , S= ==a==a
-o+C++o+=a "o++" - ?+?++.o "aa"-=+++m
o++a +++a "ao+". S= += .aoaa
o+o=++=. Soo= a++ m. o++ Co+a=
+a+m+= oaa++ += m+a+ +a+++m .aoo
S++= m


(1: aa +a+ (z: o++aa +a+ (!: a?+aa +a+
(!: m+=+aa +a+ (: ++aa +a+

Sm+.= +++a o+aaa ++++m++m +.oa+ +++a,
aa+ S+++a +++ o.+= .o, o+.o+mo
moom++m

m+a ?+m++m - m. m+++m, =++++ ++++m, +m+++
++a+, S+++, o++o+, S+++ (?+m++: oomo+
(?+m=: o++o+ (m++. om:, o+oa+ (o+a
++oo: o.+=a +.mm

Sooo a+ m++aa++++ mm o+m+=++m, oa+
o+m+ ++, oo+oa m++a Sm+. ?+++=
"o+m++ ++aa" = C++om+

S -mCm+ o+m++++ a++ +++a++o o++o?o+a


1 - +++m+ma o+m+

S= =, +ma+= o?++a C+am+o ?o+o
a+=mm= 1s a+++=+m S++ o+m++o
S++ S+ +++a -

=, +ma+= o?++a

o+m+ ===a +++a ++++++ Cmmoo+
++.++m+ +[ aa=++ao, m?m S+=a o+m+
+a+a C+am+o m+++aa S++ ?m[a ?+ +aaa,
++a+++maa C+a+o ?m[a =oo+ma
ma+o+=, =oo+maa +aa+=, =oo+m=a
+a+m++ o+m+ S+++ +o+o =oo+?a
o+m++=+ +++a =oo++ +oa+ ==+a
+++m o+m+ o+m+ .a +a+ ++a?a+,
+a+ =+?a+ ?o+++= m+++a+++m+ C+a=
C++?. S+=, m+mo ?o++++ C++[, +oo
=+a m+oCo ?a++a .a ?m[a S+= o++
oo= o+o++ m S+o 1s a+++=+m mm S++ 1s
a+++=+m m?+m++ mm+oo=++ oa+ o+m+
++a 1s +a+a=+m ++ m+ma o+
mma+++ C++om++o "+++m+maa " =oo..=


z - ?+?++o+m+=

S= +ma ?+mm ?+.=a oa+a a+=mm=

+ma - a= + Sm.ooo +=++++= Sooo?a +,
++=, m++= +a+a +++a=+m+ C+a+= S= a+.a
+..ma+o

+++a - o+++=a o+++a, + C++
=oo+m=a +++a m+=, o+m+ Sa+=++
m ++o+++?o -mCm+ mamma, ?mo
C+a+= =mmmm C+mm++ o+m+ C+ao + a
ma+a, - "+mo" mm++ C+++= C++.m
m+a o+m+ ++ += ?a =
m+++=. C++oom?, o+m+ ++m m+
?+m++?m+. o+m+ m.aa++ ++m+oo
S+= - o++a+a (++: mm=

o+m+ +.a o++++m+ ?+m++m a=mm
o+o m++++m Ca+++ +o ?+m++m,
++=+?m m++++m Caoo+++ ++ma C++.+
S+++ ++m++ ++, o+m+ +mmma C++.+
.? o+o+aaa (o+m+: a+ oCa[+= m++m =++o
+= m+++= S= a+C+ C++amoo
?+m++m, + ?+mo o+++= S++ "a+" a+C+
C+++= C++[ m+ =+++m, + ?+m a+.a
m+++ a+ ++ a+C+ ?+.+ +?+m +
Coa =oo+maa C+++ .a m+aa
=ooooo..= = a+ ?+.+ =oo+maa -
C++oao =++= m[?m = + ?+m C+++
o+o+aaa - ooo =[+= =++o m+= +ao
o+++= S+ =++= m[ == +, Cm= =++a++ma,
m. ?o+[a maa ++o ooo =+++
moamoo Sm a+C+ C++amoo =
+?+m +ao m..+ ?+m++m m+a ?+m
a+.a oo+++m a+, ooa =ooooo..=

= ?+.+, m+a?+m, ++ =oo+maa =
o+o =t++ =+= m[?m =+ o+o+aaa
S++o ooo =[+=+ C+o == m+a?+m +.a
+++a =oo+a o+?a+++=a ooo +++
moamoo m+a?+ma +ao m..+ Sm++m
Sma oa, ++++a, mm+++a = m
o+=++=a o+++ ?+m++m Sm++m+o
moamoo m+m= o+++ ?+m+a+ S+++
?+m++m oo+++m So?o+= o+o+aaa a+=
m..= S+++ +++= ++ ++aaa ++a++o
m+m+o+ om+a+a - m++ ?+++m mm
o++m+ ?+m S+++ mm.a , "a++ ++ a+" =
?+..+ "S+++?! = a+oo! o+o+aaa
o+o+aa++ ++oa Soo+moo =+m+o -
m+ +. + moa+= =+m ++m++ m.[
o+o+aa++ Coaa =+m ! = o++m+
C+++m S+++, S++ aa =oo++
?+m+++=a =[+=+C++oo ++m++ -+++
o+o+aaa ++ +oa+ ==+m .a= ?m+,
?m++=+=+m +aaa C+a=, m+am++++m++
Soom+++= o+oa=+a +o ma +oo -.++a,
S+++a+++oa, +om mmm+++=, o+aam+a
+oa++ +=a S++ m+aao Com++m, o+m+
m+=a o+=+C+ a+++ om++++++
.m+ = C++++ S+o ++= ++.a "?++"
=+ C++oo+C++[ C++.==m++o S=
"?+?++o+m+=" =oo..=


o+o+aaa (NamperumAL - SrIrangam)
Thanks: SrI Murali BhaTTar


! - +?.+o+m+=

S= +m a+ ?m+++o mm=
"+.+++"a+ ?++++ o+m+ "+.+" =om++ +++++
+++ +.+++ S+o ++?++m o++a+a mm= S=
++++a o++aa++a (!-11-s: mm= ao+o+++++o
mm= += ?mo[a S++ o+m++o "moo" =+
o+m+m mm mam++ S+[+a+a=+m
mm

m+++mm+ (C+m+a+ =a C++om+: =+
ao+m + C+++=++m =oo+a ++a++ C++[+=
- a++a C+a+++ a+ma ma= m++++ o+++m+ ++a
C+aa mo..?o+= Sm+ =a++++ ++ ?++m, +++
Sooo+ ++a C+am++o (-a o?a++oo.++
o+++m: Sm +++ o+o oo?m+ m+++ ?++[a
=+ ++a ++m++++ ++= ++++ m++
+++a.a +?a ++a C+aaaoo - +++=+=
m ++a ?mo+ ++++=+ ?++oa m+= "
aa+=+ ++a o+?" = C++++ ++?++m
+++a m++++ ++aa+++ aa?o++a C+ooo
ooo..+ m+++mm+ m++a ?ao.[, aa
+.a +o++o Soo++ +aaa++ o+++= ++?++m
=+ =a++ aa?o+++=+=+ C+oo a+++++
ooo?a aa.a o+++o m.a +o+=+=+
C+ ++?++m, aa +o++o Soo++++o, m
m.o= +aoa m+ m.[ m++o?o?a +++++++
m ++.+m , +++a o.oa.
+++++++ aa m++=a ++a+ o++aa+ +m
o.oa. Soo+ += += o++a++++a++
m m+=+m C++[oo+++ma, m+=+m ?+.+
?m[a =a, ++?++m+ ?+.[+ C++.+

++ ?++m ?+.. m+o m+a - +.a +++ =a+a
+=+ + ++o++ ?m[a =a, zm= m+a++
m?a+++a, a+a Sm Soo++ mm+++a+ ?a++++

.a, + mmaa++ ?o+a+++ C+aaa m++++
C++oo ?m[a = ?+..+

S++ S+[ m+=+a aa+o moo..
m+m= m+a++ S++m.a a +oa,
+a ++=m+++ C++oa+ ?+..+ aa S++
mm+++ .? C++oo+ao oom+=+mo ++?++mm,
o++ C+a=m.[ o= C+++

"m++a+" ooo, Soo m .o a?a +m+
m++a+ a+= m++a+, o+a++a+ Sma
o+a++o S+++ m++a+m+= .ao-- ++a
o++ - m+++ a= - +om+ma oo+m - =+++m
mma=+m - m oo=+m Sm+ C++[ m,
++=++=+m om+++ mmmm Sm
+++m+ oao[++ o+m+ .++ o+a++a+m
.m?+ "+?+am"

"o+a++o o+m+ o+m++ ?m[a"
(Malayappa Swamy - Thanks: SrI Ramakrishna Deekshitulu archakam)

o+a++o o+m+ o+m++ ?m[a ?m+
?ao++ma, +m+m +++ma, mm S++ mam++a
=+ a+++o, =oo+a o+m+ Sm.ooo +.++=
++o ++moa++ o+m+ a+++o ++,
?a++++o +o Co ?m[a oom+ ++o+a
+oao mm "mma++" ++o ma+++C+oo o?o+=
ma C+ o+m+ Soo.a C+ mm==m+
o+m+ o+m+= m+= oaa++ o+ao+++o
m++oma Co m+m+ = aa C++oo
mo+++ +?.+o+m++o a+ mm+a++ S=
C++oooo[+=


! - o++?+o+m+=

S+o o++=+m "o++a" =+o ?+mm
-mCm+ o++ma - ao+ma ?+mma++ a+=
+++ o+o mm+=+= m?+++, +oa+,
Cmm+a+a, C+mmoa+, o++++m+, +o++ =
+m+a, oooo++ ao+ma +, - m. ++oa
+om, o+aa+++aa, ++++ Sm+. S+=
ao+ma.a ?+mm+m ?+.[+ C+mm Co++
-mCm+ +ma ?+mmaa, ao+ma o+a
+++a+++ ++oo[+=

m+oo +o++ - o++m ==++= o++

oooo+++ - o++o+a+m+, o++m +mo++ =,
"+a", "o++" = S+.aa +mo++++ "o++"
=o= mmamo "+a" =o= += .o++ S++
o+++ mmo+=a o+m+?, mam+m+a, a+ma, ++m
= ++ooa++ S+++ +++a++ m+ao++
+o o++m ++++?o++a (mm+++a: C+ oo
om+= +ao++ (aooaa om: Sm++m
++a+m.+++?o?a ?++++a mmm++m m+aa
mo+= +a+m ++m+ ++++aa m+ao++
++a a.oa C+ aooaa +aoa+..+++m
++++ +++aa, +omma, o+oa++ama mmm+++=
o+++ a.o+=+= ?a?oamm= o+oa?o++a

z - o++++m+ ?+.o= - o++m .ao+ ++==om+
=m+ o++++oo[+=+m+ =m+ Sm++mo a++ +++m+

oooo+++ o+o - o=+o+=+a, S+++a=+a .ao+
++==+ S+o o++m+a +++= S+ +o+=a
o++ m+a a S+++a=++= +++a= m++=,
+, a+, ++= ?o+m o++o oom+
o+++ (S++ m?++++a S== mm+a+++

C++oooo.[mm= +m+ma 1z o++ m+a =+
+oooo mmmaa o++++:

! - C+m+oa+ ?+mm - S++ o++m+a ==++=
o++= =ooo .oo m+= ?++= =mm+
+o o++=+ C++m+= =++ ma++ Cmm?a
+mao+= .+= m?maa, Cmm?aaa =ooo
S+= m+=

oooo+++ o+o - o+a++a+m.a+= (o+m+: o++ m+a
o++= -mCm+m+ m++=a +o Soo+o
?o+o, m .oo ?+++=( o+?m++=: a+a a
S+++a=+a o+a++oo S++= m+o+m++o
S++= o+a++o Soo+++ma C++oooo[+=
+ S+++a m++++o "o+" =+ Coa+a,
o+a ++o+=oooo "ma+" =+ Coa+a, o+o
oa oo Coa ++oao - "++" =+ Coa+a,
mao +a++ "ma+" =+ Coa+a, o++
m+a m+++=

+S+++a m++a - o+ - ++a

mao - ma+ - oa

o+a++o ma+ - ++aa

oa, o+o ++o+=oooo - ++ - m+a

m+a o++ - ?+m
Sooo o=+o+=++= +ao++oo[+=m+

(++o++ +++a .C++ma mo++ o+++o+
= o+++amm+o+, o+++amm+o+,
ma+++amm+o+, +++amm+o+, ma+++amm+o+,
o+aoa?mm+o+ = =m +++a =[+=+ C++[

oooo o.+ao -mCm+ a+++++aa C++oo
++oo[+?+a:

! Cmm+a+a mm+ - =t==a?o+= .oo =m
?mo C+a+ =m ?mo C+aa+ao mm
mmoa ++o= =ooo =+= ++a .++=
=oo+a ==?+ +=+ ++

oooo+++ - ==a?o+= =oo+ S+++a=+a a++o
oa++ o?o+= o++, o+, m+a++m ?mo
C+a+ o?o+= o++ (m = Co+m
C++m+:, a+ .o?o?a o+o+aaa mm S.++=
C++[ C+o+= o?o+= mao +.=, ?+..=,
=o?o+?++ om++=, om++++=, Soo=,
Soo++= =oo+a mmo++o - mmo om++o
m+= ?+m (o++a++a+:m+o ++++a =o.[
mmoma ?o+a ++++ m om++= =oo+a
Sooo +.++o oa+= S+=a?o+= m,
o+a++a+m.a +=+ +++ Sooo o++oom
=oo+maa ++m m+

- +oa+ ?+mm - o+m++ ++=am+ o+moom
Coa o+a ==

oooo+++ o+o - - a+++ mm o+m++
o+moom +om, o+oa+++aa, m++aa, =
C+om=+. a++++ omoo+ S+[ a++++
mm o+m++ o+moom mm+++ ?o++a m+
(++++ ?o++a: C+ +oo om=+m om+=
+aom+ m a+++ C++. o+m+++?o,
o+a+ o+oa++ o++oom, =oo+ o+oma ?o+a
oa++aa ?o++=+ o+aom ++?o
++o+

- m?+++ ?+mm - ?m+.++o om a++ ===
mm+

oooo+++ o+o - o++ +o++= om S++
.o?o?a S+++ +++ C+a= o++, ++++,
o+=+m, S+++aa, a, a, m+aa, +om, a+++a,
++aa, oo, ?o+ =+ o++aa a+=+
C++.+o S++ m+=a ?ao+m o+aaa - o+a++a+
= m+ 1 +o+a m.a .=+amm
Sooo ++m+= a+a oaa Soo Co+=m++
o++ m+a m+m++a =a, S=?m + S+++a
m++++o o+ m+a (o+:, mao +
S+=a.++o ma+, +a+m Soo.a+
o+a++o a++++++ ++o+mo ma+,
oa+++o Cooo[a o a ?o++a, o+m++ oo++
Cooo[a o+o ?o++a, S m+m oa++ a+
o+++aa Co ma++ mm ++o+mo ++ =a
o++ m+a + o++ =+ C++[ Sa==m+++
C++oooo[+=


- m .?++o+m+=

o+oa+, =oo+ m+a++=a +++a+ "o+oa
m+a"a, + m++ =a++++ ++m+ =om+=
o?++++++ S++ m+a =++, o+++m++, m+am+o+
ma++ "=++m+=" m++= C+m+++ =+ +m
=++m + "=+ +++o =oo+maa
++++=a" = ?+..++ +=+a mm++a ++
m.?++o+m+=

o+, o+ =+ S+[ m+a+m a
?m[a o+ =o= ?m+=+a m =+=+m
o+=+=+m Sm ++++=. +aaa C+a=
.aoo[a C+mm+ o+oa =+?a o+ m+a (o+
m++++= oao[a oom+a+ +om+m+ C++om=
=a C++oooo[+=:

"o+" - =o= ?m Soo++ o+o+oa++o Co
ma++ mm m+++++++a S= =+++= +a=
o+oa++= +++a+++ C++oo ?m[a =+o, +
+?++++o+= +to .+++ ++o +[ - C+a=
+o S+=a "+++o" =+ +o++o o++?a ++a
++a+++m m.+ao C+a++o o+oa ?o++a m+amm
oo+m =oo+a ++aa C+am++?o?a m+= ?+a
o+aom - o+m+ = += m.+o+++m++
Soom++m m+a a.oa ma++ o+m+ o+++
.m+ ++aa=+m m.[, ++a ++a+++m m.+ao
C+a= ?m+ ?m++++ =+mmm =m .+= m+
moa o+oa++ a ?m[a

o+ma =+ mooo m++a+ =+ ao
o+ma+o ++aa+++ mooo C++[+=, o+oaa
= So++o =aa ?m[a S=++ ?a++++=
o+aa Sooooo.. ?a++ ++a++= +am+
o+m+ o+a++a S+++ S+ ++m
+?mma, m+m ==ma Soo++m++ ++

.o - m+a S+o S+[ o++m mm
- m+++o mm o=+m ++oo[+= SC+
o+ ==ma ++oo.+ao -ma. mm=
++a+m.+ o+oa m++ C+aa+ +=++m o+oa
m++a ++oom +++oom+= m+m ?o++ma
oa

oo+ma++o C++oooo.. m?m+a, m?a++a,
oa+ma, ++a, +oa+a, mm++a, +++ma
+a =.a ?m[a

1: m?m+a - ++m++ +ao++a+ +++a+ o++++
=[+=+ C++[ m++o

z: m?a++a - o Soo=

!: oa+ma -o+++= So+++ o+m+?a +++
C+am=

!: ++a - m++ ++a+m.+a

: +oa+a- ++aa, m+++=+. (a?+, m++=,
++aa: -++oo= +a - +C++., oa+ - o+=
=oa ++++a =o

: mm++a - ?+++moo+ao Soo=

: +++ma - ++ a++++= m+++ao S++o
o++ ?a++a C+aa Sm =oo+ma ?m[a S++o
o+m+ .ao+a

S++ o+m+ m o+m++ mm= -mCm+
o+ma S+[ +.=+m

Co+= - ?m+ma o+m+=a +=+ o+=+++++ +to -
am m++ m+ C+ao+m - ++mm+ ++ao

?o+o + m+m.++m+a ++?m mmma
=oo[+=


- a+a+?a+o+m+=

+.=+m S= o+m++o mm
++=+mo o++=+ C+aaoo[a o+m+++o o+
C++o+= S++ ++=+m m+m+++, +m,
o++= - =ooo o+m++ ?m[a m+= moo,
mmo+a, ++a, ?a++a = ++= +o+m mm
-mCm+ +o+=a - m+++ Sam+++ mmo, m++,
ma+o++=++=+ +++ ++++a++ Soo= ++++m=
m+++ =?m +a+ m+m+++ - +++aa,
+m - o++aa+aa, o++= - m=++maa,
=+a - m+m?+maa =+=a (o+m+ o+ma++++,
o+oam++++o oao=+ +++++o mm+a mm=:

m m+++ maoa ==+m
+o

moo m+m+++ +++ +++,?+m -

(++++ m+++:

++a - m
mmoa +m o+aa +m+aa,

(mmom+++:

m+aa,

mmo, ++aa
++a o++= m=++m +=+a, ooa

(mmo+

mao++a

m+++:

++m++o++++a

?a++a m++?+m m+m?+m
(m++++m+++: ````

````m+o maoa - m+m?+m =a, Ca+++a ++=
mao=+m =a C++om+ mom+m?+m -
o+m+m?+m =a, S++ m+o mao m+m?+m
mao m+m?+m =a C++om+ mao m+m?+m
=oo+m=a Co+=


m++oom - =oo+maa C+a++ mmo++o
.o C+ao Soo m C+aaa +a+++a ++=
+o
1: Cmmmma=+m?o +[o.[+ C++?. o+m+
+++++o - ++++ +a+a

z: Cmm mma=+m Soo+ao, am a.[a
Cmmmma=+mo om.+ao------o+m++++
-----mmo+ +a+a

!: Cmmm+m?a+[a.[a +ooo. +++------
mmo+ +a+a

!: =oo+ma mo+ o+m+ +a+a a.[?a Soo=----
m++++ +a+a
o+m+ oo+ mo+ao (o+=+mCaoo+a,
m+m =oo+a o.+=+ +++= +=a
mma+.oo: mmo, m++ mao++=+mo m+m?+m
m+++a.a+= m=++m m+++, + o++aa
m+++, + +++ m+++ ?+++=
m=++m - m++=m++= oa+ o++aa -
amm+= oa+ +++ o=+++++=
oa+ ?a++ +ammm++m m+oo +++, o=
o++aa, o= m=++m + o= m+m?+m
o+ma C+aa ?m[a

o+m++= mao m+++ mmaa++ mm++=+
C++oooo[+= ++m ?m++++ ?++++ oooo++
+++ao mm o++?+o+m+=, m.+ +++ao mm
m.?++o+m+=, aa+ +++ao mm a+a+a
o+m+= Sm o+m++ Com

Co+= +a+m o+=+m ++= m+m+++, +m,
o++=, =+a m.a ++= mm++m moo,
mmoa, mmo+ ?a++a S++ ++= mm++m

(+o+m: ++mooo= ++= m++++m =
C++oooo[+=


++++?a+o+m+=

+m a+?m+a - ++++a +++ -
+a+++o +++m=, +m= o++a =o+++
++++?a+o+m+= mm=

+++m= (m+o o++a: - +++moo, ++ moo
=+ o+oa moo, o= moo = m o+m+m

+++m=, +m= o++=+m, m+ao+ o+m+,
m+ o+m+ , a+=+ o+m+ =a m++ o+oo+
+++moo+= m+ao+ o+m+ =a, ++ mooaa,
o=mooaa - ++aaa+ o+oa m++a+
C++om++o mm+, o+++m, m+ m+a+ =
C++oooo..+= S=+ m+ o+m+ =a
++++a o+m+ - a+=+ o+m+ =a
C++oooo[+=

?m++=+=+mo +oo[a ++a+ C++om++o,
+++moo =a, +++aa m+aa+ C++om++o
++ moo =a, "o+oam+ o?+++o+a" =
o+oa+o++ C++.+++++?o "o+oamoo" =a
C++om+ S= m+ o+m++ m o=+ o
o=+a+= o=m+= m+ o++m+ m
o?++++= o=moo

a+= =+ ++++a =+ ao+ma+o
m++++++++oo.ooo++o, "a+=+" =a, ++++a
o+m+ =a C++om+ ++++a++m++a +[++a+a++
S+o mm= o+m+ ++++aaa, m
++++=a maaa C++o+= S= m+aa+=

+++moo

?m+++= =+a+m mo - ++
S+o m+a, mm+a, o+mm++++++ a+++ +++oo+=

?moa o+a+ ooa (moa: m+amao+ =oo[a
m+++a - Sm+m S+o mm mao+ =o=
Soo, Soo+= S+[ ?m[a o+m oa,
+++ oa, m++, m+++a = ++= mm=++mo
?o++a, ?++, m+a+, o+, ++++a Sm mao++a+++
C++oo Sm+ C++oom+= a++m, o+++m,
?m+++++=+a, a, mm+++a ?o+ oo+m
C++oooo..= o+m+++ C++oo, ++o m,
?+++aa, ?o+a o, ++=+= ma
?m.oo..= o, om, mm = m ma+o++m
+=. "ao" ?+++= ++= o+m=+m
C++oooo..= o+m oo++, o+m++ +a++=
o+a ++o moa +++o +o+o++ om+= +?o++a,
m+a?o++a, +a ?o++a Smo +=+ o+oa++.a
?+++= ?o++++++ omoo= C++oooo..= o=
o=++, += ++++ C++oooo..= =++==+m
-+= m+m =++ mm++= +om C+a+o - "+a+ma"
=+ +om C++oooo..= m+aa++ ?m++omaa
C++oooo..=

+++moo

o+m+.a+= o=+o+=+a -m++a,
ma, ++ moa .a o++
=oo+a +++o ?o+m++oo[++++m a
a+++= aa .oo, o++aa +a+ S+=
o++ +o; ma+ mooo++a ; o+ S.oo++a;
m+a +[m.o; oa +++a ; o++? o+oaa

S+= ?ao a?+aaa a+?m+ +++a +o;
+?m+ +++a mooo++a; m+a?m+ +++a S.oo++a;
+++a++m += +[m.o; ++m ?m+ +++a
+++a Sooo o+moo++o a+= =..++ ?o++++a
+.+=a S+= ?ao m==+aaa m S+=
(m+m +++ - mam=+m ++++ ++a mm=m
+oma, ++a mm=m +oma ?a++a, +++ -

mam=+m: Sooo o+m+++o .oo+= Cmm?a
ma?o+= =oo+ o+o=+maa ?o+++ =oo+maa
.ao+a

S+= ?ao ++aaa o+aa - +o; ?a++a -
mooo++a; o+?a++a - S.oo++a ; ++a - +[m.o ;
o+oaa - +++a +++ m+oma S+ Sooo
o+moom Coa ++a mm. Sao++=

a+m ++a - +oo ?+++a+=., am+m+a
S+=a?o+= +ma+++= += o?+++=+
C+om+=. S+=a?o+= Coa ++a
S+o ?o+o +t a.== - ama ++++m++m
++a ?+m++++m++m, o+++m, ?+m?o++ m+++m,
S+++, oomo+, o+oa+ m+ ++++ +t
+t++o Co++ +=+m+++++a +t C++.=,
o+o+oa++ ++a = C++o+= Smmmm++
?a++a .+=, o+o+oa++ .m=
C++oooo[+=

o=moo

m+ - + =a+++ o=m+= C++=

o+oaa =o= a, o ++, +, m+=, am,
m++=, o= mmo, m++, oaa Sooo o+moo= -
S=++ o+oaa =++ +.+ao o++m o?++ooo
+om C+a= ++aa?a o+oaa = o= C+m+++
S+o "m+m.++m+"ooo ?a++a mm++oo[+= (S=
S== m+++ Co=a:


S+.+a o++a - ++++a?+o+m+=

+oo++.oa, ++a a.o++a, o+ao+++a
mmm m+m+++a+a =oo+maa o.+=, +++=,
oom =oo+ma +++++oo[om =
oom+++ =+++= ++++a?+o+m+=

+oo++.oa, ++a a.o++a, o+ao+++a mm m+m+++a+a

(Malayappa Swamy - Thanks: SrI Ramakrishna Deekshitulu archakam)

S+o +, ++, m++a++, +., =+++,
++++a Sm++mo oa a+++=+m mm
+a+m m++a - m++a C+aaa m, o+a
++oa m+ C+aom C++oooo[+ o+a?a+o+ma
C++oooo[+= a=m++a ++m++a mm=
m++m+ +a++a C++oooo[+= +o+ m+a, ?a++
m+a, o+ m+a+m+?o o++++oo[om =+=
m+a a.o++?o o+m+ o+++=a m+a
C++oooo[+= o+++ ++o mm+a, +++a Sm+m
?++o ++.[+= o+a ++oo m++a, ?a++ m++a,

++mo+ o+oa m++a S+o mm ma+m,
?o+a a+++=+m C++oooo[+ m+aa, +om, +aa,
+aa, ++a, ++aa, o++a, +, +?o+++a,
a=a, a++ma Sm+m+ C++oo +.+a++
"+a+m++"+ C++o+= S=?m o+o++ o+o++ C+a=
C++mom a[a ooo+oo o+m+++ C++[
m o+m+.a +a+oo+=a ?+m +omaa =o=
C++oooo[+= ++++?a+o+m++o mm "ao+
++++a?+o+m+=" o+ ++=m+++ C++o+=

Co+= - S+= S+[ o++=+m m+o o++++o
+++moo, o=moo, ++moo S+.+m=
o++++o a+=+ o+m+

++++?a+o+m+

S= m++ mm=

(1: m+ao+ o+m+ (+++moo:,
(z: m+ o+m+ (ooa moo, ++ moo:
(!: a+=+ o+m+ (o=moo:

o+m+a+m =+a - o+, omm, mm =+
ma+o+ ++aa (o+, om, mm - m: ++o+m=
ma+o+ - ao ++o+m= ma+o+ - m+o m
ma+o++= +++a S++ +++++= +a+ o+ooaa
S+= "ma+o+ o++" = Coa+ S++
C+aom+= "o+oa m+a" m++++=

o+m+ o om mm ao
1 ?o+?++o+m+ o+a ++++a mm+++a ++a
z ?+m?++o+m+ + m+a ++a ++++
! ?m?++o+m+ + m+aa a+ o+oa
(o+ma:
! o++?+om+ o++ o+ ma+ a


Sooo o+oa m+a m+++=a o+m+ +=
o+a++++++o mm +a, m - om
o+++= m+am, o ++++ ?a?o +++ =oo[a
+[mo, o+m ++ao ?o+o C++==a -m+ a+a+
o.++ m ma+++ C+, +oa ?++a ?m++m
.+=, o a.?a+.. mo+++ C++[+
C+oa mma+ =+ ++oa ma++ +, m+a,
aa ++a ?o++=+m .+=, o+oa++
.+=, ++a o++o +a+?o o++++ +++
S+++a=+m + mooooo Co, ++a m++m
om+=a =ooaoo+ ?o++++++ om+++

++++a ++++a o+m+

So?o+= +.oo=, m?m+m++o +ooa S=
mo++=a +a++o o+maa o?o+= m+a a.oa
+++a - mm=m a ?moa =+a - ++a o+
=+a =oo[a ++a m+++++= S= mmoo++=
o+o++ ?o+++++oa m+= "+a+m" =
Coa+ +a+m m++a =+o =oo+ o+o=+maa
?o++=m++++ o++oo[a a+++a = +++a

o+a++a+m.a+= .+ mm=++m

(1: =. S+++a=+m (am, o++, +=
=+?+++a=+m+ +, ++=, m+=, ?++o,
+++=:

(z: =. ++m - moaa, +++o o+aa,
++++, moa, mm+a, o++o+,
+++++o+

(!: =. ma+=++m (a+=+m - +m++, =aoo, oo++,
ma, m+=++, +, om++o+:


(!: ++= =. +++=+m (++a, +++o, a?+m,
+++++, +++ao+m++, mo+o=+, mmmo:

(: =. ?o++=+m - o?o++, om+, mm+, ao+, ?+,
+?o+, m+a ?o++a

++++a o+m++o
!m= a+++a - =+++o Co, o++oo. ?m[a

m= a+++a - C+.. +m+m, oa++o ?o+++
o++oo.?m[a

m= a+++a - a=m++a (a+m+ma, +++++
++o=+mo C++oooo[+=:


s +?+?a+o+m+=

S= "+" ?m++++ ?++++= "+?+a+" =+
ao+m +ma o++= +. o++oaa +?+a
+a+ma mm= (+= +a+=+m - S+.+m=
aa m+m= +a+++= +?+?a+o+m+= =
Coa+:

o++ +++= S= .o m.[ +mao+o
=oo+ mam=+a C+aoo.+= m+aa - S+ "m+" ,
"+", "aa" = m++o o++++o "o++", "a",
"++a" = Co+mo[a m++= - S+o .=+a
+++m++=, oo+ +++m =o= o++

+++o o+++= omo =o[+=
mmm+a+++, S+++.a ?+.[+ C++.+= S=+
S+++ C++++m=- ++ o++, =oo+ o+=+a
o++?, ++a o++? =+= a S=?m
S= m+m+a++a =a (C+mm++ o+m++o o+++++
m+a m+oamo mm=: a+a, C+o Smo +a+
+= m++++=a o+++m.++o C++=+a ++a
a+ .oo S++ m+m ++a (m++a+: a+ .oo
m+a += m+a++ S++= Sm++= +.[oo..=
+, ++=, m+=,aa, C++o (m++=: m++++o
C+aaoo[a a=a += m+a (?m+a a++ma ?+++=:
++ (oo=: +++a a+ m++aa+= +m?+moaa
=o= +++ ++m++a S= - m+a+ a+++ o+.a oo
+mo m++m S+o C++oooo[+ (+mo =o=,
- aC+++o o+moo=: oo+a (a+a++:
o+m+=, S+++++ o+m+=, ++o S+++ ?o++++
.ao+a a[a ooo [ ++a, +a
(S+o: a+=+m ++o ?+++=+m Sm -
?++m++o +a+ Smmo+ .+= +a+m+= ,
Co =+ m+a+ma Soo ama am +t ma=
++m= moo++a+a ++.+m++ (+t =o+ !o
Co++++++m Ca+++++o +t ma=; +t mma

oo: oo++++m a+a = C+++o ?o+o,
S++ =++aa mom.aa ?o+=, ?+m ++++o
(+= : C+ o+a++a+m .ao+a +=
=o= - 1: m++= - ++++ =++++o, z: ++=+m -
++++=+m, !: ++m - =+++m, !: aa - ?++ o++
oo= +om+ma, : o++ - m+o+m (+a+:

S+o (+?+?a+o+m++o: +a m.+a

oC+oo+a +mooo+= mo +a+ -?
(++m= o+a++a+; o+aom: S= m=+oo+=+
C++[ +mo C+aa+ C++.=+a= aom (mm+++a:,
a++ (++++ ?o++a:, a+a (o?o++a:, oo (o+++ma:
?o++ o+o++m Sm+m m+oo +mo++= o=
o++ - om mom++ .+++a= S+=
.a ?o+o m+a S++= m++=, m+=, +, ++=
S+++a=+maa m++++ ?+m++maa o=
o+aa, o++, am, ++++, ++o, o+a, a+a
?+m+, =, m+?a+++aa, Sooo
.+++oo..= Sm++= o+,+++++ o+a++a+
.+++a= m+m "++=+m m+oo= ==?+" =
?+.+, o+a++a+ m+oo o+m+ C++[++= o=
=++a+ C++[++= a+ .o .+++
C++[++= o+, +++a S+[a ==+m S.a == =
aooaa ?+.+ "omm" o++a = o+a++a+
C++oo

o= o++o+= + + .+++a= m+a,
o+a =+ m+am+?o ++ C+++=
C++.= o++ =+ m++a+ ma+ =+
+oa ++ao om+= C++[ m?m o=++= S=
"m++" =oo[a S++ m++a+m+= moo (+++a:
C++ooa (mmoa: mmo+ (=t++a: =+ m
+o+m [ Sm a+ma a+ +oa= ===a
o+aaa (o+a++a+: ma+o+=mm=


m++a+, m+oo om.++o m+aa++ S++=
om m+a++ - ?+++= m++a.++o ?++++m.,
S= m++a+m= m+o ooo o= =o?o+=a ?o+oo
ooo= S+.+m= ooo am mo+=, a++=,
aooaa o+++ S= m+m= ooo Sooo =
Sao++ ooo+m, Soo+m, +=+o+ C++.+ ?o+o
m++a+m+= +.Co+ C++o++

m+a?+m+ =+ ao+m, ++oo++o S+=a?o+?+
ma=+mCaoo+a +=, o++m.??a ++a
o++++o+= m[o.[ o+ao+a ?++++++, = C++om+
S= =o?o+++a, +m+m+o +. Sao++ C+ao

o+a++a+ ++m ?+m o+oa+, S+++, o++o+ =oo+
?+m++m, o=+ o+=+m, ?a++=+m, ?a++=+m,
m..ao ooo, ++oo++o ooo, o.++++o
ooo, oaa om+= ooo, o+=a o+++m, ++
m+m = Sooo m++++m =oo+ma, o+a++a+m
+=+= .o.[, m+= ?+m++ Soom
a+ .oo =ao+m !c mo C++.oo !c
+ zc - m.++o o+o !c, S+m !c + zc .o
=+ =o+ao =oo+ m=+o++=a +++a+ +[
m=+o ?o+o, +, ++=, m+= Sm= +++a+
o++ +++= +aa++ o+m+= o+m C+a++o
am m+oa oo +.++=

++=+m !c, !c = S+[ o++a++ ++,
m ?++++a !c+ +==+m (=ooo =
?a++a=+m: o+o, S+m, +++ Sm m?a !c , !c, !c,
+ Ca+++a 1csc =a Sooo oo+ 1csc +oo,
S+ =ao, C++.oo !c, !c + o++= aooaa +.o
"1csc" = C++oo, o+m C+aaa m+ma + ooa
C++oooo[+=

+++ om+=, +ma, o+=++a+ m++m om+=,
+ma, +++a ?m+=+m m+=, +ma o+a ao+

om =o= mam+m+a S+ +ma ++a m++
++a+ o+=++a+maa ao+ om+ ++aaa
-++ o+m C+am= C++oooo[+= o+a++a+, +
+a+m +++++a+ = C+ma ?m[a = -
a+++a C++o+= (++m= m++a+m+=a +a+:
+++++ m+= -oo.[ S+ += C+m++m, o++
o+.a ma Soo+ =o= C++oooo[+=
mao+ao ""+++a ooa, "m"+++a o++
o+a++a+?m =oo+ma = S++ o+m+= C++o+=


u - ++++?a++?a+o+m+

S= m+a ?m++++ ?++++= S= "++o"
+++a +.+ o++a ?m+ma+m+ o+aam++++=
=[+=+ C++. o+m+=++mo S=?m ++a++
=[+++moo.[mm=

m+a ?m++++ ?+++++++a+o, +++++o o
S= (S++ o+m+: C++o+= o+m++ m+oo
C++oo, oom+ o+m=+m+ C++oo, +++ o+a,
m+a o+a, m+a Co+=, + a+=+m, . o+m+m
Sm+mo o+ma C+am++ C++oo, m+a,
mma+a = oo oo++++
o+m=+m+C++oo o= ?a++++++ o++?a++a
Sm+ C++o+=

=.[ o+o+.+=+m++ mm= o+o+.+a =o=
+a+aa +a+a++o ?+ ++.=+m (o+m+m:

m+aa - ?m+ ++a "+"=+mo ++a ooo[a
-mCm+ "++"+a ++a oa?o+= ++ ++++
+= o++a++ o+oo+++m ma+m-

1: o=+++a,
z: o+m++ma,
!: +++a,
!: o++o++a,
: ++a S+ =++ma o++=+ C++om+++m
1: o=+++a, z: o+m++ma, !: +, !: +++a, :
o++o++a, : o++ma, : ++a

o+o+.+a -1 - o+m++ +++a++ o+++++
C++o+= +++a o+o m++a+= oaa m++a
==Cm+o mmaa oa+++= oa moa++
Soo++o oa - m++a +o .+ -m++m m++a
Sm+ ++oo.. a+ .o m++a S++ .oo m++=

m++a m++=+mo "+" m++a S+= ?ao m+a ++a
S+o +++= +++a o+ma Soo+ao
m+++oo..++ C+a++a oo [ o+m+?++[
C+a++o, oo a+ma ++a S++ +++++ -
o++m+am++ o+mo?o++= m?++++m m+

++ao o++o++= ++, ++ = S+[ am+m
Sm+ o+om++m ?+m++a, ++++a m+
Sm+++=m +. =o..= ++++m Ca++
?+m++m moCm[+= ?+m++m m++o mm S+++aa++
+++++o C++oooo.. "o+m++" o+m+++
++++m ++ C+[+++ Sooo m++=, +, ++=,
am =o+Caoo+a o+m+++ ++++m
=oo+maa C+[+++ +.+ao m+++o mm
o+++ o++m+am +++a++ ?+m++m
o+m++=a ++++m + a= =++ o+m=+m Cmm?a
++ -oa=(o++ o++++oo.moo: Smm+++
o++++ o+m++oo.. +++++ Coa
C++oooo..=

+++ o+m++ a++a =oo[a o+aaa++
o+m+++ C++o+= ?+m++m, a+am+= oaoo.[
?m+ m+a+=m o=+= ?m+ a+++=+m+o +=+m
a+=+ C++.+ o?o+= a+a, ++o a+
+.+ ?o+o ?+m+ao o+++= m..+ o=
m++m a++a+ o+m++?o a+= C++.+
S==a +=+m+ +++=+ C++.+ Sooo
o+moom+= " a+a " Soo, oamaoo

+oa+m o.++++ +mo =o= C++oooo[+=
+++a++ +++++o o++oom+= a+++ ma ,
a+++ o+=+m +.+=a (C+m++ - ++ooa+=+
C++=:

mm+ =+ ao+m, o=+a =o.. +aa++o
m +.+++ao, - +++a++o, a++=+

C++[++oo[a "=oa+ma" =+ m, a+ ++++
?m[a = ++++++o, a+o o++.a ?+.[, -
+mma m+=++ ++oo..++ +o C++.++= a+o
o++ C++[++ ++ "S= =++o ?m.+a" =
C++oom..++ a+ ++++ C++=+a m ++oo..+o
?o+=a =+ +a+ S+++ ++m++o C++oooo[+= -
++ a++a C+aao ?o+=a +aa++o "o+m++oa",
"+++a", "o++o++a" =+ m+a=++= ?+m+ a++
a++ = ++ m+=+m.a ?+.+ (a++++ +.++
moom++m:, m++m C++a+= = C++oo, ++
Sm+?a (mm+: (++aa+ mm+ ++ S.+=+=
m+= ?++++++: ++m++++ +aa+= m+ ?a+.
m+a=++= ?+m++mo o+ ?+.+ mm+
o+m++oa =+ m+a++++o m+m o+=++=a om,
m Sm++= +++a++ mm "o++"
?+m+aaa , +++++?o "++a" ?+m+aaa,
o++o++++o "++aa " ?+m+a++o o+m++
?m[a = C++oo a++++ +.++ m++++
++o Co+ +++a++ mm "C+m?m++++a"
=+ +++a S+o C++oooo[+= m+a++++o
S+a Co++++++++ o +a ++=+m S+=a
m m?++o+++=+m =oo[a "o+" , "o+S"
?o+m

1: m+?a++a++= mo [, a+[+m ?aa+++=
ooo[a ++oa ;
z: a+++m m+C+.a +a ++oa;
!: om+m o+=a m=+m ++oa;
!: ?+m++m +++ ++oa;
:o++ ++oa;
: m+a++= mo ++o+.+m +aoa ++oa;
7) o+++m m+a ++oa
Sooo =. o+m+m++ m+a o+m+= m+a++
o+moo= C++ooo o[+=


?aa, +a+ao+ma mm+++oo[+=
a++=+m 1z, =++m (?oa++ =, +++ = -++
+++.oo[+=: o+=+m ! ++a 1 + z1 m+a
o+++mo =.+=++m zz Sooo m+?a+o++a C+a++o
a+am a+= ?a++++= ++a+m=
C++oooo[+= ?m+a a++++o ! am=++=
+o+a+ mm, ++, ++a++mo oa
m+a=+m+ C+++o mmo=a +.+=a =
C++oooo[+=

1 a=m+a

?+++ ++aa +a+a C+am= ++a
a.o++, ?+m++m .C++ma ?+++ma,
?ao+o ++++a =oo[a ?+ . Soo+++ma,
m[+m ao++mo+= ?+ =[+= ?+++=a+o?o+?o
"?m+ a+++=+m" =a, mm - ++ - ++a - a+
m++a +=+m ! ++=+ma, ?aoo++a +o+++ma
?+++ ++aoo+m+=a m+= +++a+aa++
o+m+ o+ma C+a+o

z ++a++ o+oa m+a

++a++ +++mm+= m o++=+m, z! ++=+m
o+oa++= ! o++=+m (o+a , o+m, +++a, o+aa:
(: m++++= m+m o+=+maa =++= (z: ++++= -
S ==+m o+ma o++a++ .a S+= m+m
o+=+a +++a (!: m+m+o am moa+= (!:
+++a+aa (: o+aa++ma Sooo ooa++= +++a++
S++= Sooo o+m+++ C++o+= S+= =+a++
o+a++o ++= o++=+ma , ?aa++ += =+m
Soo+++ma, == o+++m +=++oo+++ma, +=
=+ma += =m++o+o+++m aa ++a, ++++,
+, o+a, +++a Sm+m ?+m++m
Soo+++ma o+ma C+aaa+ C++o+= S=
"++a++ ooa m+a" =oo[a

! C+m+a ?a+++ m+a

o+aa?a m+m+++ Sm ++= +++a+a
S==a o+++=a m++ S++ m+a ++=+m
++m+o moa ?o+= ++=+=m - +o+a
?+.++oom+ =, S++ o+oa+++ ++.[+=

! ++ooa m+a

oaa?a =oo+m=a +++a = += ++a
+?+++=+m S +++++=. oaa++ o+moo=

?++m m=+a (m+a:

+ o++ ++++ a?m+[ S++ C+aaoo[a
o+ma m+am ++=+m =a++++ ++=
a+++=+m+ C++oo o+m++ ?m[a

om m+a

+ - a+=a++ ++ + a. ++o++ (11
mma: m++ o++= mm, ++, ++a++m++
++=, o+, +++=+m ++a++ma, .C++mm+
om++++ma ++oo Sm+m m?++++=+m++ma, ++m++
+ao++a++ C+aaoo[m+ mao+ma++ma, a+++
mo+a++ma o+m+=, ++m++ m+ooo o+m+++o,
?++a mo++ +o+= m+m+ =+= "+?+a
ao++m+" =om+ Sooo m+++++++ C++oooo[+=

Sm+, S++ m+aa, m?m+ ?+=m+=
o+++++++ma C++om+ ++a ++o++o o++ ?moa
a+++=+m o+++o, ?a++a .m+ =a
++= (++++a momo C++oooo[a om m+a
S=moo:


- ++m m+a

S= mam+++ m+a =aC++oooo[a
"++++" =om+ a+ma ++am.+ m[+m, ++++=+m
+.o =oo+ S.=+ma ++a m+oa =oo+
++=+maa ++++?a+[ C+aom+ - ++m S+mo
m+ +.a a+m+a ?ao a+oao
o[+++=a?o+=, m+= ?a?o ++a++o
=+m o++ +o m? ?o+=a ++,
o? C+oa a, "+= +ooa+
++am.+ "++++" o[++++ m ?ao++ o+=
?o+++?a" = ?+..= m? C+oa a,
"moa. =o?o+=a m++=a +++m++ Sm+" =
?+..=

"= a++ mo?a+[ S+=a ++m+" =,
o+o C+oa a ?+..=

"++..=+mo "++a" =+ ..a C++++m+
=oo+ ..=+a C+++++=+ +aa "++m+" =oo+a
++m+ ++ Coa S++ +++++= ==" =
m? C+oa a C++oo

S++ ?+.[+ C++o++ ++++ , ++oao
=.+= "++m+ ==+++++" = a =oo+
o++=+ma =mo++m oo++ oo ?o+
++moo = +ao m+, -m a.[a "-+.++o
moa oao ++==+m+ C+++= C++[
a+++++++" = C++++

++++ o+++m, =+++m Sm =++ma+++
C++[?o+a ++m+.a C++[+= oo+=
?+m+++=+a o?++++ o+++++++++ ++m+ a++++
aooaa =++ma+ C+om=+maa aa +
o++aaa C++[+= o?+++=a+ o+++++++++

So?o+= aa ++=, ++m+ o?++++=++
++mm+a

s - mam++ m+a

(m+a ++a +o+o+ =+ ao+m m?m+?+=m+=
o?++++=:

++?oa, oo++++, =+ Sm+ ++oo. .+++++
+aa++o - o+oa++++ o+ ?+..++ Sma o+
?o+.moo o+oa++++, "o+++ ++==om ++=
++= ao++a+++m m.=+amm+ ooo m++
m+oom m Sm a+++m C+++= C++mm+oo
S++ a a++= mm?++ m+=
m++oo.moo" =+

++?oa, "o+oa++++?a! =oo+maa
+mooom m+m+= Sm -m++a
++oo.oo.++++ ++oo[++ Sooo ++=+m
o+m++?+a" = C++oo, o+ m+++

+, m+a, ++++ Sm= oam++a m+a
.aoo +, ++=, m++=, am Sm++= oam++a
o++ Sm+ C+++= o+moom , o+oa++
omoo+ (S= oo: = S+o C++oooo[+=

u - ?m+.++o o+oam+a

m+a ++a =+ ao+ma m+o+
C++oooo[+= m+a ++a +++a+ m+++o
?o+m+= mo + ++a++.a ?++++++ Coa++
?+..+ "?++++a ==Cm C++a+=" = C++
++a++, +++a.++o "= ++a++ +o+o ++ m+a
++a = C++o!" =+m


m+a ++a C+m+a-o+++o+++ =+ +ma.a
C+ S++ C++oo, =ma Sm =++++=
Sm++ !cc o+++m mm++=m++ C++++ m
Cm= ++aoo.[ oo mm=+m mm++= a+a
o+++m++++ mo - ++m m+a ++a+=
"o++++m+" =+ o++++ o?+++=, += ++=
mam=+m = +, "+ += SC+
o+++++ C++oa" = C++oo

a++m "ma++++a" C+aaa +aa++o, +
"++m+ " =+ o++++aa, + ++=
o++=+maa o?++++= "oama += m+m=
o+++++ C++oa" == a++m a+o ++.a
?a++ma+ =+ o++++aa, + ++=
o++=+maa +++ a, "aC+ o++++
++oom C++oa" == ++[++ a++m a+o
++ooma.a "a+m+" =+ o++++aa, +
o++=+maa +++ Soooa+++ + += ++
+++ao ?o+ ?+m m+++o C++a a+a
a+[+maa -.o+ C++[ +++a+.a C++

+++a+ Smo o+++= "o+oa++ ++m++
m+a C++o+= a++ += C++=" = ?+.+,
m+a ++a =oo+maa C++oo , "S+++a +++a
m+a++ o?++a C+aa?m[a" = o+++++++ aa
++?++ma .+= +++aa o?++a C+a+++ (S+[
o?++ma-++m= =oo+a -++ S++:

S++ m+a ++a +ma o?++mo o+[
m.a +++a m++ +ao o+=+++= m+++
+++a Sm. S++ a +ma+++= o?++a
m+oam mo++m+ o?++mo+= -a
C++oomoo +++a.a am o++++++=a
==ma C++oo+ao, +++a Cmma+ C+ m..++


o+[ mm ++oa o+=+++= m++ +
Sm.a + C++[ "+a =o= +a= ++a, ma
=o= S+++aa oo= m+a ?o+= =a,
o++ ooaa, +a-ooaa (ma: = o?+++++
o= "+ m+aa" o?+++= S+= ?ao +=
+++a o?++oo++ = + C+++

Cmma+ C+++ +++a +ao m++++
+ma m+++o o++++++ "o+oa ?+m
o++++++?+ a++ o?++++=" = ?+..++
o?++mo +.++ aa+ C+++ +++a
++?++ma.+= ?aC++[ o?++a C+a+++ ++m=
+a+m+= +?++++o Soo= +a+m= m
+.a+= S+ += C+++= C++.+o o+oa
+a+mo -..+= = +ao+= oomaa
o?++++++ Smm+ o+ma C+a+m mm+m++
Soo++o Sm a+a.++ o= Sm+=
C+aa?moa +.==+m C+aa+m..+a Sm +a+
++++++ a++++a =+ ?+ma+ a+++++++?o
o+oa++.a ?++++oo[m+ S+ o= =++a =o?+
+.a+= = o?++++++

1c - ?a?o C++oooo..= o?++mo m+a

11 - +[mo + o?++++= S++ +++++ +m+a

(+, ?++.+ +o o+oam+a, o?++mo m+a,
+ m+a ma C++oooo..=:

1z - o++ m+a

o++ m++= ++m= ++oo m+m++o o++
=o.. o=++ a+ S+++a=+m .++
+o+o o++ "?am."
o+++=a a+ S+++a=++=a - +o+a
=o..= "a++ a+++m+" =o?+ = mmo C+a+

o++o+a.a C+, S++ mamo++++ +++=a+
?+.[+ C++. m+ =++=m a++ +++++o+=
Cmmoo..+o +++a =o+= ?o+=?a+ m?+ +?+m.+,
a+++m+ =++

m++= - mm ++oa +++++ m.[ Cmmoo.[
S++= a ?o+o +++a m+++= S+o?o+o?m
++m, ++=+m a S+++a=+a Cmmoo.[ +++++
?+++++= +++++o ++++ =+++= =m =o..?+
+m+, +++a m++++=

o++, +++++ m.[ Cmm?a +mao +++o
=oo+ mam=+a C+ao+++ C++.=+ m
o++ Cmm?a ?o++ ?m.+a = ?mo,
o++? +?+m. ++m= a+++m = o++
++= a, . =oo+a m++ ?m[a =
?+..= a o+++= =a, ma oa
+=a +a ++++a o+++= . =a C++oo
ma+ma o++ o++++

1! o=+++ m+a

ao+ma =a+++ m+ =a+++
+?m+?+= m+ - +aaa o+=++o ?++++o +.++
m+mm+= (mm++=+m +.+=a +o: C+++
o+m+o = o+=++o ?+++= ++ +.++a +o+=
m+ C+++ ++ ++ +?m+?+=m +o ?+mm+m
?+..++

++ +mo++?+! a+= ++oo++ o?++=+m+
C+a++++++

+?m+?+= a


++ o++m a+a .++ o= ?o+=a S.a ==
(++m= a++ ++ o+++++ oa ++a+++m+
C+a+m++m =++ ?o++++= ?o+++++m:

+?m+?+= C++a+=

++ +ao ma m == (a+++++m mo++m+
+ao ma m ==:

+?m+?+= C++a+=

++ ?+ma+ a++++a, o+a+ a++++a Sm
?mo+[ C++aa+ (?m++o?++ ?+ma+ma
o+a+ma+ ma+m++++:

+?m+?+= C++a+=

++ ?ao+a C+m++m a++ C++aa+ (S++
?o++++o+= C+oom++mo mm+++ ?o++++
.a++m++m a++:

+?m+?+= C++a+=

++ +++m= o+ao a+ o+++ =o=
C++aa+ (?m++ a++ o=aa+a+o ++m+o omm+?m+
om+++:

+?m+?+= -a C++a+=

S==a ?+mm+m ?+.. o+=++o ?+++= ++
"+mo++?+, Sm -aa a+=, ++ Co+ C++.
o?++a ++ = =ooo o?++a Co++++
+moaa?" = ?+.+, +?m+?+= a+o=+oo.[
++oo++.a -o m+= (: mma+++ C++oo, m+
++= S+o o -a C++a+= = m++oo.[,
++.?a ?+.+o+a = ooo..++ +?m+ ?+=maa

++++ omm m+moo ++ a.[a, o+m+o
=+ ++ o+=++o ?+++= ++.a C+++
+.a omma.a ?+.. ?+mm++= ++= o+o
C++a+= =a + C+++= C++mm m++oo+++ma
C++++ ++ =+ +++o++=
o?++++?+ "o=+++ m+a"

++++?a+[ oa ++a+++m+ C+a+m a+a
.++=a, .oo S+= +maoa ma (m++a+:,
o++?a+++a=+a, o+ m+a m++a =[+=, m+o
+a+ "mm+++++o" ?o+aa C+aaoo[+= Cm=
?o++aa+ m++a =[+= (?o++ m++a: ?o++=+m
om++ o= S++ o+ m+a m++a "?a+a" =+
+ao ?++++oo[+= o= a moa++, oa =+
+o++o m.+=, ++a=+mo o=+=, +++a++
om (++o+m= +: .oo ?+++=, o= m++
=oo[a +++m= +ao ?+++= =+=a o+=
a++=+m S+= o+o o++= S=?m o=+++
m+a am o+a++a m+ S+=, aooaa a+a
.+=, mo C+++o ?o+o += ++mo
S+= aooaa o+= Sooo = +=+o+
C++.+++, m om+m =[++= Sooo Soo+
++= +a+m ?m++o o+m+=, o+mooma
++++a. o+oa++?a o+mooma, a+a
.++=a "?+ma+ a++++a" = C++oooo[a
++++++ a+++++++?o o+oa++ .++
(++++++ a++++a - S+o m+m++?m C++oooo[+=:

a+=a C+a+m++m, =ma m+oa Cm.oam++m,
oaa +.oam++m, ++ ++aa C+a+m++m, o+a+
a++++a+ o+, S+m, +m o+a, +++aa, o+
?o++a, +++a, ++++ ?o++a moa++ mm+++a C+
?o++++ om+= o= +++a, m+a, o+, ?a+a,
a, -m++m = +ao m+= om.a ?o+a
?++m+o m ++a m++= +++oo ++a+a m+oa

=o.[ ++ooa moa++ m+ +a .+= - aooaa
a, aooaa a+a Sooo ooooo a=+m

C+++, o., o++ ?o+ +=++m ooo=a,
a+oo=a+a S+=a Sm= ?ao+a =o= Soo

mm+++ ?o++a ++ + m+a-ma+ m+a
++=+m-o+ om - +++m ++++-=+++a
++m= +o +++++=+m - C+oo Co++m

1! m+m+++ m+a

o+++++o+ , ++aa=+, S++++aa+, +, ooo+ -
+a += ao+m+a - +o "+a +a+ a+=
o+oaa a+=" = m+++a C+a=, C+mm =o.+ao,
ao+ma o+om++ +++o+ ao+ma
++ ma S+ ++ ?a o?o! S+
++m+ ?++a ?+++= ++ +mo+ =om+ m+
=?m+a = ao+m+a +mo+a
.+++ +mo+ a+ S++ ao+m+m+ C++[
+ m+=+m++ m++= a++a C+a= ++a
C++[++? =++ Sm++m m+m+++ m+aa
++a++ (++: ?mo+

++ Sm++m -mCm+m+++ +=, m+m+++
o+ma S=m+ =ooo C+a++++m = ?+..+
o+++++o+ +a?o++++aa, ++aa=+ ++aaa,
S++++aa+ m+amaa + +++++aa, ooo+
o++aa, +++o++ o+maaa o++oo++++
C+++++m

++, Sm a+ma m+m+++ +a+m
mam=+m Sm Saa oo a.[?a m+=a
+o SmCaoo+a ?+++= "m+mo m+m+++"
o+ma C+aa ?m[a = o?+++++ S+ oo
"o+o+aa o+m" =a C+++

Sm + .oo =+=+m++ m+=
o++++a m+m+++ +a++ o+m+=, ++
+= o+++o++m++ mooo C+am= o=+
o++=+m Sooo o+m+++o, m m?a
S+++a=+m, m +aa+=a ?+m++m, m++m +++++
o+=+m, a+ma +o+ .aa Sooo o+moom
o+oa +ao S.. o=+ ?o+o =++= ?o+=a =
C+++

1 m+m+a

ao+ma ?o+ +?m+?+= +++o++
=a++ oC+[ ma++ +?m+?+= ++oo++
+..mooo ==o m+ma C+a= ?m+++ =oo+a
+aaa C+a= z! ma+o +ao m+++

+++o++ omma+ ?+..++ +?m+?+=
=oo+maa ==om+m++o += C++.+a+
=++ ?+.[, +++ C+a=, +a++++o, o+++o
=oo+maa ?+.[ ++++= +a+++o Co+++
=?a+ ooo m+m++aa +aa+=aooa++
+++a o?+++++++ + ?+.[ C+++= C++.+a+

+?m+?+=m+= o+o C++oo C++amoo +++a
S++ C++oomoo?a, +++a.?a o+++++o?o+a
= +++a.a S+= m+?a o?++a++
C++oa+ ?+.[+ C++.+

+++o++ C++++

m+ =+ mm=, ++ oom+++ +++.?m
= m=+ooa C+a= C++[ "?+m"m
+mo++= "?+m"m++ S+= m=+ooa C+a=
C++[ o++ +mo++= oa++ S+= Smm+
o+ma +mo++= Sm+m oaao o+++m =
o+=+m+a ++ o+++m .a, ma, +o=a

= m m+ .a - m..ao+=
.+m= ma - o+++m.a+= ooo=
(a+++maa ?+++=: +o=a - oaa om+=
mm+m= (a+a, C+o,C++o+m: (+o=++o
ma+mao+= .+m=a ?+a:

m+ =o= m++a+?m+[ o+?m++=, oom+ ++a
o=+m .+++ +=+oo+=+ C++[, ++++
?+m, oa, o+m =+ m a++ o+=+maa
+m++++a C+a+= ++m= o++o a S+[a
(?+m, o+m: +o+++=a ?+mmo oa, o+m
+o+++=a o+mao ?+m, oa +o+++=a
(Sm o=+ o+=+m = C++oa?o+= o=+++a
= Coa+:

Sooo +o++oo+o+= .o +mo+=,
m++a+m. ++a + m?m o=+=, -mCm+
mm=m++ma, "++" =+ o+o+aaa S++=
-mCm+a ?++a, ?++, ++m+ ?+++=
S++= =o+ m+a++

?+mm+= +a +moo o++= +a Cma
o+m+= +a +oo C+oo =+aa?o+= S++ m
+=+maa ++o+a

Sooo m ao+ o+=+mo+= .+
a, .o mm++=, m o++a=+mo
Co+= m++o++a - aoa++ += m++o++a -
.oo a+ama a+ma m++a+= am ?o+m++=
+=a oma, ++, S+++a, am ?o+m+=a o++a
= m++ a++= ?+?+aaa+ +++ma,
=ao, += ?moa m?oa (o+:, m+++
mm++=a o++a = m++ a++= + am-
aaa, o++- oaaa, m++= - ?+?+aaa


"1 ++.+m +++a Soo+ao Cma o++ o+a
o m+++o+., o++ a+= ooo S+=
aooaa =.a m+" =++ ++oo++

+?m+?+=, ooo?a 1 ++.+m o.o +.+=
o?o+= ++++++ a++++a ++ ++oo++.a m+++
++oo++ ?m+=+m+ C++oo+C++++ +?m+?+=m+o
==ma C++oomoamoo o?o+= "+ ++oo.++ ?o+=
1 a+=+mo 1 a+=+m ?o+a m.. So?o+=
++oo.[ m.[ m+" =++ +?m+?+= ++oo.. o=
C++om+= ooa m++= +++o omo =o[+=
= mm++++ S+o?o+o =oo+ o=+=a
+++a+ mm= =oo+ma .o=+= +aa+=a
+++?a+[ S++= = C++++

oom+ omo=+mo+= ?+++m ?++
?+++++ ++ ?+ =m+m, "++ S++ omo+++
?++++m" = +a++ o++ =+ C++oo moaa+
ooo?a "m+" =oo[a o++a++a+m.a -
m++a+++m, +=+m+ ++=+?m C+++= C++mm
Sao+=

oo +++mo+= ++ mm+++++o ?++++ o=
m S ++a oa = o++= C++oo
moaa+ moa+=

-m a+a .aa +m+ao m+
?++++m++m +o a++= +o ?+mm+m ?+.=a?o+=
m m +m+oo =Co m= m++=
amma, am o++a, o++ ?+m =oo[a
o+ m+a +++++a + +++ mm=m+
o+a++a+m.ma oa+= m[m++o, +m+oo

oC+==a o+a++a+ S+++ =a, m
mm, ?++mam, =oo+ a+++=a m
+a+, +=ma m S+++ =

+?m+?+=m+= +++o++ o?++++++ S++
m+m+aao 1 +.=+m Smo C++oooo..m

(1: "m+" =o= =oo+ o++=+=a +++a

(z: "m+" m+oo "mamo +mo" C+a+=
(!: o+=+m -?+C.+ ?+++= "mamo" +mo
C+a+=

(!: +m+++a =+ o+=+m ?++++
C+aaoo[+=

(: ?+m, oa, o+m Sm+o .o mm+++oo[+=

(: ++ +a o++a m++, o++, amm
mm+++=

(: S= Soo?ao am +a++ m[+=

(s:"m+" - ?++=+mo oam++a

(u: Sooo oa+=a m+m +++oo++m

(1c: +.oo S+= oa ma++, aa++, ++a+m=
?o+o ?++++m (m+m: m++o+= ooo[m+

(11: S++ ?+++++= moo

(1z: "m+" =o= a+ a+ m+aa+=

(1!: "m+" - ===a +++= o++= mm=

(1!: +++a moa++ S+ a ?m[a

(1: S++ m+aa o+moom+= =oo+ +m.ma
?o+=a

(1: ++o a[a mam++ o++a Soo

+++o++ o?++a o+o m?m++ a=+mo +=
o+aaoo Soo++++ C++om+

1 oa m+a

+++++, m+=a+++ + o?++a C+aaaoo
o+++++++++ m+= aa +o=+a++= ++++ ao+m
a+ma ++m+ m+?+ +o++a =+o m+=a+++
+++++o o+++= a+= C+++++Caoo+a m+oo
C++o=+m =++ +++++ ++ =oo+ mo+=+maa
++++? =++ S+ o+m+= (o+aaa++:
mo+=+m ?+.=a.=+mCooo+a m=+++= ++a
.ao+a = m+=a+++ C++oo, +++++ S+=
?aa .+ = ?+..++ mao+m C++.+++=
mo+a, m++=, am, m=+ooa, +++a, +a+a,
m=+a, ooa, a, ++, ?+m, ++aa,
+m, + = o+++aa o+aaa++
o+m++o+a = mao+m C++.+++= S+=a
?ao+= == =+ ?+mm m++?o+=, "o++"
?ao++++ o+m++o+a =a, o++ =o=
m++a+ =a S++ o++ a+++ om++++a++
o+m++o+a =a C++++ m+=a+++ ?aa
C++++ S+ m. "o+aa++" o+m C+am=
?ao+++=a += o+ma, aa, S+o ++++,
S+o +++ moa++ o+o, += +=++
C+a++mo ++a, Sooo S+= ++ o+aa++
o+moo= "oa+" =oo[a S+= ?aao..= Soo
S= =oo+m=a +a+-o+a++a+ Sooo o+ma
C+aom, ++a=+mo+= m[o[++ S+= am
+++a ?m[a am +++a+m+= +++a+ +++++
++oo. ?m[a Sooo m+ =a+++ o+o C++++
Sm+ "m++++" =a C++om=[


1 +o+ m+a

S++ m++++= o+aao+a = Coa+ S+ m?m
S++ o.++a (++a+oo: ?o+ +a o+a++?o
+++a S++= Cmmao mm +++++o
?o+o?m++, S=ma .o aa?o+=, o.++a
aa ?o+= Smm++++a m+oo

Sooo mm +++++ m?m +oa+
==+m+ =.[ - S+ o+m++ ?m[a S++o
o+moom -

1: oo+o+oa+ (m Soo++m:
z: m+ (moooo++m:
!: ma+a (a+++= S.a++++m:
!: m?+++ (=++am:
: m++m (o+am:
: oo+m (+++am:
: m+a++a (+oa+ ?o++a=+m .am:
s: m+am=+oo (+.aoo++ m=+oo +++ammm:
--- + =.[ ==+m .++

?m+++o C++oooo.. +o ++a+++m+ C+a=
oa oo+mo Co+a, + om++=a
a+ma += m[a +o +a+maa +
==+maa o+moom+= =oo+ oo+a [

S++ o+a++a+m +oa+ ==+m ++a
a+ao Soo= +a= o+o+++?o oa+=m?m o+ao
S+=a, oaa ?a?o +.oom+= = C++m+oo
+o ?o+o o+a++a+m a+ao S++?+a Sm
o+a++?o S+++ o+m+++a m++a+
.oo+= o+++ o= o+?=++a .++ =o=
S++ o+a++a+++ Sm ?++a, ?++a
=oo+maa m+m =oo+ o+=+maa =oo+
o+=+maa, =oo+ mm=++maa -?+C.+

+o+= a++oo =++== +++ + +
+a?a+[ +++++ Sm.++o =++ ?++mma
Soo Sm.m++o "++o++aa" +==a

Smo Co, o+aa+++aa ?m[a
o+aa+++a+++?o o+aa ?o++++o "+a"=a "oaa"
=a C++oooo[a S+[ mm+++=+maa
"+aa+aa" =+ +.++++aa, "?m+amma" =a
++ a+++aa ++o "o+++" =+ o+aa++
(o+a++a+: +++++=+ C+, o+a++a+ =.++mamm
+a m++++ .+= oaa+oma Co++
(o+ao+a .++:

o+a++o mm =oo+ ++o++=a m+a
++=++=a +ao++a [ o+a++o mm 1c1
++o+mo - ++o +oo o++a mm ++oa m?a
m+a a.oa ?o+a a?+?m+a+a o+ao+a
(m=.a: ?+++++o ?a?o C++ oo+m [
S=?m "+o+ m+a" =oo[+=

1s o++o+ m+a

?a?o C++ "o+" m+a+= S++ o++o+ m+a
=+a (m.?++o+m++o o++++: o++o+ +
omm+m+ ?+m++a, ++++a ?+aa++
Soo++++ +a+m =.[ ==+?m+[ ++m+=
m+m ?o++ma, m+m ++ma [ =o+++ C++?+
S++ m+a

?+m++mo o+++ S+++a, ++++mo o+++
m?+++a, !z mm ++oa o+aa+++aa mo+=
o++o+a + m+, "+a+ +o C+++++"
= ?+..++ +o S+=a +o-+ o++oaoa
++ +a+ = ++ ++ m?+++ S+?a
+++++= o?+++++ ++o m++m
?+o++am+++m +++m S++++= +o+ Soo

m o++o+a aooaa ?+.+, m+ oooooa++
mmo mm+ao mm +a mmoa, ++++o
mm +ammoa, Sm+ C++oo SoCo+.=a
S+++ +o+ .amoo 1c1 mm=+m o+aa+++aa
S+= "+o+ m+aao" o+m++= mm =.[
==+a Sm+=a [ Sm .oo S+=
ooo.[ o+a++a+m .+= ++oo[++ =
o?++++++ S+++a +o+ .+= ?+m+++= S+
o?+m+++ +ammo++ S++ m+aa+?o
=+ ?a++ oo+++?o .+= o++?a++++o S+=
?a++a .m?+ oo

o+m+ ++a +?a .am++ma, ?++
?++=++= +++a+aa++ma Sm++m++
o+m++? =++ aa+ +o++= +m= ?o+?o
o+o=+m +++mm ++=m m[o..
++++?o+?o +++++o+= m[o.[ o+ao+a ?++?
m+m =++ += ++o++=m .C++ma aa
Soo

S++ m++?+++a o+m++o C++ m+a a+ma
o+oa+ o++o++=a, o++o+ am+=a, a
o+++=a o?++++= +++a + o?++a
Co S+++a=+m +a+m.a C+++ (S+++a=+m
.++: m++ ++a+++m+ C+a=, moa+ C+aa+ao
?aC++ m+a+mo - o+moom+ a.++oa
mo++=a o+oa++ (o+a++a+: .++

o+aa++ m= o+m+=++m+ C++[ ++
o+aa++ ++ o+mo?o o+aaa = ++++.[a
+a mma=+mo +[o.. =+= o+m+=++mo
C++oooo.. ++a=+m =oo+a m++++ ?m[a m
= ++++ ?m[a


1u om++am+a

(S= oo+++a+ o+m++o m+=
S+++a, m+a+m m++a++ C++oo+ C++[
Soo++o, S== ?++++oo.[ mm+++oo[+=:

m+ m+oo +a+ -?+ om oa++ S++=
S+= (o+a++a+: om =? Coa+ +aao ++a
Co+ao, S+.+m+++ - mao m++aa, oma
?++++?+++ ma++, o= m++ ?m, om ?m =
o++=+ C++.= Sma oa ?o+= ++ ooo++
m++?a+[ ++? o+m= ++aoo = ++,
m++a+mm o+m++ a++m S==a, -mCm+a,
m++ om ?o+a, =oo+ m ++++ma +mo C+a=,
+ mm=+ao+= o+a++a+ +ao o.++=
?+m++m +mo, m+, m++++ m+om++m +mo
C+aaoo..= m -mCm+a o+a++a+ .o=++=
++ +a+m o+m++ ?m[a.aoo.
?moa= =?m S+= "+?a+o+ma" = Coa+
Sm+= ?+m++a S.=+o C+aa a+..+++m
+o, ?+m++m?a+ a ?+m++m?a+
o+moom, m+++= ++m+a, a+[ ?o+o ++
?moam+++ a++++= +a=+a
=o[m+ ?+m++a, S++ ?+m++a maom+oo
++= +=a a+[ + m.[ ?o+a m[+=
oom+

-m o++m+=, am, o+om, oa,
+oo C+a+ =+ ++=a Co+++a++ ?m[a
m++=-am, o++ - o+om, +a, ++=a-oa
.?o -+oo C+ao+m+ C+aa +m+= Smmmm++
m o+++ S+= o+a++a+m o+m++ ?m[a

m+=a +++a+ o+a++a+ =. =+m
.++++ mo - =oo++=a Co+=m++
+++ (S= ++a ++?++a o= ?+m++m,

m+++ Sm+++= m++ o?+ ++a ?m[a
=Co S= a+m+=a Co+= oom+: ?+m+++=
S+. m+++ (?m+=+ma, ma++ma
m++++++ m+++oo.. ++mo+ a+m=+m =+
++a+++m: - o+m+= m+++ (S= o+o+
C++[++=: m +++++ m+=+ C++.+
(aa, m++=, o++:

=oo+ S+++a=++=a a?m m++aa am ?m
=++m+o oa+++++o +o o..= ++oo.+=
+++o ?+..= ?+.+oo.+= mooa, m=+ooa, aa,
+ao+o, m+ao++, ++aa, ++aa, Cm.+a, m,
oaa -- Sm =oo+m+=a +++a a?m Sooo?a
m++= =+ S+++ama m++aa+= m+m=
o++ S= o++-o+- ma+-++-ma+=+m++
S++ m =+m+?o +a+ +.a
+oao Co+=

Smo o+++= ?+m+ ++++ m+= 1
+o+m -mCm+ ++a -mCm+ +oa++ 1 +o+m
aa m?a aooaa mma 1m= +o
m= a+m+ma ++++ S++ +o (1m=
+o: moa =oo+ o++++=ma o=++oo+
++++o ?o+o?m om+=a 1 +o+m ++? -
+o = m= aa +o+m 1 S= m.a
C+++= C+++=+m m=a, mm+m=a ++a o++++?+a
Sooooo.. om, o+++o Co ama
?o++++aa, ++aa ++a=+m+ C+a= o+
?o++++aa, o++?a++a C+a= ?+m ?o++++aa
(o+ao+a = S== Co+m C++m+: Co ?m[a

m+a ?+m+ =o?o+=a m++ C++?. S++=
+ =++=+ C++?. S++= Cmao ++a+=
C++?. S++= +oma ooo?a
Sm++C+oo+a m+aa =o= [ m+a
++++++m m+++o +=++oo+= m+am +++aa

?m[a m+a?m a+++= o++a - m+a?m
S+++a=+mo o++ a+++= o+++= ?ao..
m++a+ma, o+a++a+ma +. o++ =?
++oo[m= [ o++ a+a; +a+
a+a Sooo ++++++ o+a++a+m o+m++
?m[a

zc - o+o++ m+a

(S=ma oo+++a+ o+m++o mm?+:

++++ =+ ++.a, o+o++ =om
+.a o+aa=+ m Cmmoo[++ mo
C++[ ++.a C+ +.a m+o
Cmmoo[+++ m+a a.oa, ++++ a.oa,
ao, ++aa Sooo -mCm+++ C++oo
=?+amm +a+m (m++a+: o+aaa+++ C+++
++++ S+ -oo+ C++mm+ao, Sm a+=,
m++..+ o+o++ ++++mo o+=, o+aa++o
o C++oa+ ?+..+ ++++ o+o++a
+=+ C++[, =t==om +o C+, m
=.oo+ m =.+++++ao S++?m, +a+o
++= =.oo+ m =.++m., ++
o+o++ao o+++= "So?o+= m++m, ==a?o+=
=== S+++ =o= += C++aa+ ==?+a+=
m+++ =o= C++aa+" = ?+..+ o+o+++= o+o
C++oo C++amoo

++, So?o+=, m+= o?+++++

=t=+ +ao+=a?o+=, S+++a=+m ?mo
C+am+o+= -am Co +ao++ m mmoa
++ S+=a ++o+mo C+ mmo=+m+ +[,
o= o+a++=+ C+, =++= +++a C+
o+a++a+m.a ==+= Sooo =t=+
=.+++=a?o+= o+a++a+m.a+= Cmmoo[a?o+=

S+++a=+. ?+++= =oo+ ++++maa +aoo
Co+= (C+mm++ o+m++o S= mm+a++
C++oooo.[mm=:

m++a+ ++m= o++ - o+=+ S+=
++oom++a o+aa S= Cmmoo.[ mm==a m++a
.o a =+ +a+o +..oo.[mm= Sooo
+++m+= =. ++++m+o moo (S+[
+, S+[ ++=, S+[ ++++m++a, m+a + =.:
+oao +o+=mm= o++

o+aa++= S+[ o=+m a, ++, C+oo S+o
+=+aoo= - oa S= m+++ oa m+ama,
++ama aC+ oa - S= m+++ oa S=
++a++C+oo+a ++aa (++aa-m++a+
m+C+oo+a ++aa -o+aaa-o+a++a+:

z1 a+?+a m+a

(S=ma oo+++a+ o+m++o mm?+:

a+= mo+a+ ao+m m+= S+[ am+m
m++ am a+?+a Sma am +++a+a S=
a+= mo+a+=a m+= am a+?+a+=a +.++
mam++a

a+?+a - oa mm oa +.+++a, ++o ?a++a
Co moaa+

a+=mo+a+ - moa+= C+++= S+++o S++ o+
m++++= o?a++oo[a ?a++a Co Sao+=

a+?+a - C++++ o++=+ C++[oo++++ C++++m
?a++++= o?a++oo.++= =+= =+= ?a++
o+a++ o?++a=+m


a+=mo+a+ - a++ ++?++ma ++ C++om+ +ma+++
?+m -m+C++m+ o+aa+m= =o= ++a
+oo++o oo o+a++a+ ooo ++++o++ =
+.+=a =o?o+=a o+aa++ S+=a o+a++a+m o?++a
moa++ ?+.[ += +a++= om++ ?m[a
S+ .a S+++a=+m .++ ?m[a S++
o+a++a+, m=+++a (m++a: mmo+a o=+
o+=+?m+[ +o+= m+=

a+?+a - S+ mm++ ?ma

a+=mo+a+ - =oo+a +a+?m = a++m-
+m, aa +m, aoo[om= Sm
Cmm?m++ o++oo+ ===a ma+o+=mm +a+m++?m
=oo+maa ++om+= Sooo ?mo+[ ?+++=
=++ +.+a +a+m+ ++o+++?m ?++a

zz - o+a=+ m+a (S= C+mm++ o+m++o mm=:

+++ =+ ++, + o+om+ a++a
C+am++ ?mo+ m+ + o+++ +?m+?+=m
oo++ ++, +?m+?+=mo o+++=, "=?a+
am+?a+ (a ++++m?a+: a++a C+am+=
++o .aoo[a ?o++++o oa ++maa
mm++ = =++= C++aa+ + a++++a ="
= ?+..++

+?m+ ?+=m+= o+o C++oo C++amoo
++oo++.a +ao m..+ ++oo++.a +.++++
C+++ ++oo++=a C++amoo m+ ++.a
C+ S+ C++m++ ?mo++

++ C++++m= - Smmo+o a+a .om+
++++ ?o++a C+o++ ++++ ?ao+++= m++o
?o+m ++++ ?+.=a ?+mm++= o+o
C++oom+ ?a?o C+oa+ a++++ o+o

C++a++m a moa+++ +oo, o+++?+
oo++ ooo +aoam Smmo+o a om
=[+++

++++ "+ a++" = ?+.+, o=+++ m+aao
C++ooaoo += +o+mo Co, oma
.++m S = mm+ o+=a+
m.?m.+a, o+m+ ++aa = +m+++?o ++?+
= o+o C++oom ++++ m.[ m[++ ooo+
C++oom ?a?o (++++++ a++++++o: ?o++
a++++ ooo a+++oo..m + ?o++a,
m+a ?o++a, m ?o++a, ++a ?o++a, S+++ ?o++a,
o+aa ?o++a = Sooo ++++++ a++++++o
C+o++

o+aa ?o++++o +a =+ a[ mm=
mo+++++m = C++oooo[+m++m, ao++
+oa+o o+= m+.[m+++m S+= ?a?o "m+"
=+ +maa =+ m+a "m+oaa" =
C++oooo[a "o+++a" =+ ++++ S+= S+++,
o++o+ = S+[ +m++o+o+++m "o+oma+a",
"mmo+a+a" = C++oooo[a m++oa+ a.oa
"m++" =+ o.a aC+mm =oo[a mm
o++++a .a +.oo =oo+maa C++mm
C++ma ?+ma++m = m++ ++=+m S+++a
o+aa ?o++++= Sm m++ o+m+ "m+"
?+ m+= +..ma..=a, +ao
a+oa. 1cc +ma om+m+m, aa m+=+
C++[ 1cc +ma om+m+m, +++o Co+o, o.[ mm++a,
o+=+m Sm+m =+++ C++[ +t, +t
om+m+m-+ cc om+m+m Sm+= o=+++a
C+a++

++++++ a++++++o m++ m (m++: "+a"
=+ a[m +++ a++++++o ++o,

mo+++++m mo+ mm. "m+" aa +++
a++++++o +.+=, "+maa" =+ a+++ +,
o+aa++ +aa Sm.a +++++= =o.
"m+oaa" =+ S.++= m+= "o+++a" =+
+aao o=+= "o+aa ?+m" C+o++, S+++,
o++o+ =+ S +m++o+o+++m mm., "mmo+a+a"
=+ a.o++ .+=, "o+aaa+m" m+= ?++,
m++ =+ o.++ C+=+, "aC+mm" =+
+.oo .a, o+m+ Sm "+ a++" = ?+.+,
m++ "mm+++++o+= +++a, m+a, ?a+a m+oa
m+mo +? S=+ = ooo+m =[++ m++a+
++ =oo+ m++a++++=a +a+ ++m= o+a++a+
o?a+=a +a+ ++ am, m++=, .o aa
S+++a=+m +ma. , Co, o = ooo
Caa/m=+m =[+?+ .o, S+++aa, am,
o++, m SmCaoo+a m. ++ ?ao+m
= C+++= C++?. ?+m++ +a+m++
.am ?+m++?+ ?+mo+"= o+o C++o++

o+a=+ m+aa+ S+o C++oooo..oo o+m+
o+moom+ o+m+ +mo+m .m+

z! o+++++ m+a
(S=ma C+mm++ o+m++o mm=:

+?m+++m =om+ =a++ o++++ a+ma
o++++a++o +.+mo S++++= +m C+a+m -
+aaa S+++ S.a+ mm+++ ?o++a C++ S+++
Sm.a "m+ m++? ?+m", =+ o++++
"a++= == o+?a+, +?a m+a++ =+=
moo+a++" =+


S+++ C++++m=

= o+m C+a = o+m+++o
a++o++, o+o++, +mm , ++ooo++ ?o+m+o
ma o+oa +.a+= o+oa C+a+++++ m+a ++++=
++ o++ = am =a, a+a =a
o+ma C+a S++o m. amo Co mm+++
?o++++a a+ao Soo+a

o++ m+a =oo+ S+++a=+ma ma+o+=
S+++a=+m ?mo C+aa+ C+a+= o++?
o+= o+=?a o++ S+[a ?+++?+ S+=a
?+++?+ .oo+= ooo.[ m[a o+= =o=
m Sm+= +a+ o+m+ ++ mmo ;
ooo Soo m ; +om, +m++=
oo+o..m ; o+=+m+ ++oom ; +aa++m ;
Sooooo..m =+=a +a+m++ o+m C+a
S=?m "o++++ m+a" =a

z! ++ooa m+a
(+ +oma++o S++=:

m+a++ o+aaa++ o+moo+a++ m+aa =+
o+aaa =oo+m+=a +a+ ===a o+++m
m+=a m+m =oo+ma Co+am
=+=a +a+ = o+m C+aa ?m[a =
+?m+?+=m+= ++ooa+ +++

z om m+a aa z +a+m m+a

o+oa?+m+ aom -a S+ +a++a a+
= +aooo= "+a+m m+a" +ma - ma m=m
= +ao+=+C++oooo[m= "om m+a" (om
m+a---++++a ++++a o+m+ :


+a+m++ ommm o+a++a+m.a
?++oo++o++ a++a = C++ooo+a (a= oa+++
C+aaoo[+ +a+m m+a: S+= +a+ - aa+
m++++ - m++ o++ o+ - ++ao+ m++a - ma+=
a++o+= a++a oa.a, ++m= +=.a
.aoo mm ?++a=+m - o+m++a +oaa+ -
++oo++.[ o+aa - aom+aoa +a+= C+a
?++oa+= - Cmmm+[ ?o++++ m - C+oo
=oo+ mm=+++=a ++oa++ S++ m -
++ m++= - ?o+++ o++ - m+a++a o+
+m+ + - +m+a =+ +m+ aa - o+oa
=+ +m+ ++= -++++ =+ +m+ =mmmm
++oa a. S++?+a+ = a++ ++ =++
++oo[++?+, =o+++?+ - = ?m+ao+a
mma+[++ = C++oooo[m= "om+" =+
a++a +.oo=, =.++oo=, .++m= - =
"o+m++aa" =+ a++a m+a - om+aa =+ +
Sm+= m - ?o+ao Co+m ++oaa, a+oaa
++oo[m= - = ma+ a+o, ++o, a+aa =om
m mm=+m (+++, mm+++ ?o+m: o+o S+m+m -
+++ o+a+m Smo+m o+=+m, a++=+m - ++=+a+ma
a++a =++m -o+ o++a mm=+m, m
.o+m+m - o++a

S++ a++a+= =oo++ C++++aa ++a++
C++.= a+a - mo+ m++a (+++?+++a++o ! -
1-1 C++oooo.. om m+a ?m: +++?+++a++o
C++oooo..=, ao++o+a ooa++ .a mm++++
m+a = mm+a ?+++ +++ m+++mmao
mamm++

++++++ a++++a --- S++ a++++a, o?+++o m+a,
o=+++ m+a, o+a=+ m+a+mo mm+a+++
C++oooo.o++= o+oa o+m+++m =o?o+a
++++++ ++a+ +++ C+aa ?m[a =+
=++o C++oooo.o++=

o+m++o mm+++oo.[mm (o++ ?a++++o
C++oooo[a: a++ +oa+ o+oa m+a+m - !z Sm
o+m+ a++++=+m ma+m

1 +m+a
z ++ m+a
! ++ m+a
! +a+ao+m m+a
o+o++ m+a
oa m+a
o+oa m+a
s ++ooa m+a
u +o+ m+a
1c ?a+++ m+a
11 ?+++ m=+ m+a
1z a= m+a
1! a+?+a m+a
1! C+m++ ?a+++ m+a
1 +a+m m+a
1 o=+++ m+a
1 o+ m+a
1s o+a=+ m+a
1u o++o+ m+a
zc o++ m+a
z1 o+++ m+a
zz om m+a
z! om++a m+a
z! ++m m+a
z o?m+++a m+a
z m+ m+a
z m+m o+ m+a
zs ?m+.m +o o+oa m+a
zu +++ m+a
!c o?++mo m+a
!1 mmm m+a
!z m+m+++ m+a

?a++a .a S+[ m+m

m+o m 1: o++ ?a++a moa++ (z: o+o++ moa++
o+ao+++ .ao+a = C++oooo[+= m+o
mao o+m+ o+m oa+ o+m+++ao ma
"++a ?a++a" , "=+ ?a++a", S+.aa += o++=
C++[ (++.+ +: o= "o++ ?a++++o" S+= !z
o+m+ a++++=+mo =++m= -o +o+++
?o+ o++a+C+++ o+m+ .+o Sooo+
C+a= C++?. m+++o, ooooo a=+m =[+=,
++++ a m++a+?o S++ o++ C++.++= S+=,
=++m= - a++o o+m+ +moa .ao+a
Co+a =+++=a, ao+++=a, ao+m++=a
S= moa?a+, =?m+

+aao?o+ o+a Com++++o a
+a+++++= == S+.+m= ma+ o+o++++
S++a+aa m.m=a o+o++ ++a+++ C++o+=
o+oa m+a+m =oo+a o+m+ .m+++ +++
m+a+m ++ m+a+, oa m+a+, +o+ m+a+, o?+++o
m+a+, ++ooa m+a+, m+m+ ++ m+a+, ++ aa
m+a+, ++ m+a+ m+oa m+a+m -?+ +++ao
Soom+m aa ?+ ++++mo
Soom++++ +++=+m Sooooo.. o+oa
m+aa+= a+ ++o o+a++a S.m.+ao
++?++a +mo++oo. ?mo S++= S== !z
o+oa m+a+m Coa++a +o m+a+m mm+ma
+++a+++ C++[++oo.[ S++ mm+a
C++[++oo.++ m+a+m o+m+= oa++?m
S++o+a o+ao+m+m o ?m m+++ o+a
+mao+++++a++ mm+a S++ !z o+oa m+a+m
o++o+ C++om++ ?+++ m.a o+a+m++o
?+.o++o+a S++ !z m+a++=a +++a
ooa++m =oo+ m+a++=?a +++a
ooa++m o+m+, ooa++m m+++a =[+=
?m+=+m, a=, +.o++m.a+= a.[+ +aoma

ooa+m+= o?++++++o++, ?m+a =oo+
o+=+ma o+m S++= +=+m, =+m S+[
++=+maa S+[ ++m+o S?o+++ mo+
C++.m., ?+.=a +o+a ?m+a +ao++oo..=

o+mao ++o+a o+m++o o+mao
+m[o a+++a !z ++=+m++ mm=

ooa++mo oa m+a a+++a !z
++=+mmm +m[o +?o++a

Sm, !z o+oa m+a+m+ =oo+++o Co+?a++
C++om+

+ !z o+oa m+a+m Coaaaa,
aaaa C++ooo mm+++ Sao+=


1c oo+++a+ o+m+=

S= moCo+a= ++o a+ ?m++++ ?++++
++o+ o++aa++ +.+o o=+ S= ++ma,
a++a++a = S+[ o+m+m (+m+m: o++oaa
- ++m +++aa a++a++ +++aa mm=

=.[ +a+a=+m S+o mm m+o S+[
+a+a=+m =+++o o+ C++o+= o+m++aa
=+ ?m+a a+++++ ?++++ - =++++
C++om+++maC++om+ a+ +a+a=++=a
o+maa (m+m+: [

- aC+++o o+moo= +mo m+
=oo[a +m?a+ a++a C++.=+, - mm ++oa
++= S++ C+aa ?m[a = C++oooo[+=
(- aC+++o o+moo=: =++a +o, +,
o++ m+oa =+=+m moa++o ?mm (m+
++oa: ++a, m+a Sm+mo ?o+o o+m++ ?m[a
a++a C+aom S= ?o+ o+m+m+ C+m+= C+aa
?m[a m+mo oo Coo+a

o+a++a+ m++ =[++ mooa C++[ o++
o++ C+a+= o++ +++a++, oa .+a
+o+=, + .+a +?a, ++a++o
m+am++ma, ?ao+o ++a++ma mm= +
=+ m++ =[++ o+a++a+, mam+m+++
.+++a= ++m= oo mam+m+ ++oa (oo
mm=+m: o+++m o.+=a o+oa+ =
C++mmo+a

o+oa=+a .+++ +.a++ S+=a
o+o=+mo ?o+++ o++ o+m+++ C++o+=

"a=o++aaa" =o= S+o C++oooo[+=
-mCm+ S+++a++=a - +m.+ ?+m+ [

?+m++m Sm.ooo Sm S++ +o+o a=
= Coa+ S++ ?+m++m, "a =oo++=a, ?m
Soo+ao -m +++a+aa++ S+++ m?
+a+; m? a=" = o++++ (o+a++a+m: S++
a= +oma++ "+++a=" =+ ao+ma.++o
"+m ?+m++m " m+=, S++ m+aa o?+++=a+
?+..+++m S++ +oma++ Cmma..+o +oa
Cm.o m[m+++ S+++ C++ooaoo++o=++?
=++ mm+ =+.a +oa Cm.o, +a++o
o+=+++= =++a +oao Co++=+?+a +=+m
o?++a=+m S+++ Cm.[m++a+++o, S++ =+++
+oa+ ++ Cm.. ?m[a Cm.oam. =+m
+oao Co+++ m[+?+a =+ +m ?+m++m -
m+a++m oom+ ao+m -oo+ C++[ +oma++
?+m+++= =++ m+a++ o?++++++ (oa++m
mmoa:

"o+a++a+ =oo+ a++ma S+++ m?m,
Cmm?a ===a S+++ m Soo++ S.?a Soo
o+ mamo++=+m +.++ ooo m=+m =[+=+
C++m++ o+a+m m oo a++++++
o+a++ ++ S++o o+a++a+, =oo++ ++o=+ma
=oo+ S.=+ma S+= m+?m+m+ = +o+=+
C++o+++" S=++, o?++++ +++a
S+++ ?++o+=. m+=, mm+ +oa
(=++++o: Cm.., +m ?+m++m, mm+
+aa+ +oaoCo+++, "+++a=" =+ ++ mm+
C+a+ ?oo+++a SmCaoo+a ++++

m+aa o?+++=a +++a m+o o+m+
m+amm ma+ o++aaa m+aa (ma+ m+a: S+
-mCm+ma +m++++ ?m[a


+mo+ -a+=mo+a+ - mam++a

m?+o ?++ +++m+ ++, m?+ma++ - a++a
+.++++ +=, =++ma+ ?m+ m+=++m m+++
Sm++mo, ?m+=+m ?m++=+=+m +aaa C+a=,
o+aa m+a m+ao =oo+ m+a+ma ++=
mm==om+ a++ = a mooa C++.++ +++
=+a++ Soom+, Co+ =oo+m+o o=++++oo..
S++ a+a o+++m m m++++ ?m[a =
o+++++++++ -ma mm+moo ++aa++o a+=
mo+a+ (Sm+ ++a+ +a+a o ++a =++
oa++o o+ma++ o?++++ m+.a o?++a
Co++ S+= +++a+a o++aaa = Coa+: +
+ma +=, "o+++m +a +o++= -.o+
C++[ ?o+" =++ a o++aa++m ?+o+++
+ ++ a++++ +.++ m+=a +m+ +mo+,
++++ +++ o+aa m+ = =+m+ +=+++ =
?+..++ a+= mo+a+ "+++a o+oa m+a+=
== +am+++a,=+= o+++m ++ ?+m" =++

+mo+, a+= mo+a+ ?+mm ?+.+o+++
+mo+ a++++ +.+=a =a++ ?a++a Co ?o+++,
+m+a, +++++, o+aa+, =+ +m+=+m oaa,
?o+++ C++oa +m+=+m, +++++ C+aaa ++a++
+=+m, o+oa+ a+++++ ++oo=, o ?+m++m
oaa mmo?o+= Coa oo+mo oaa, a+=
mo+a++ ?+.[, +o+ .++++

+++o+++ =+ +m ?+mm ?+.+ a+= mo+a+,
m+= ++o=+m =.[ m m+=, m++=, +++=, +,
++=, am, +, +m+ =om =a, m
mma=+m +++o=+m =a, + a+a =a,
oa + a++ .a= =a, m a+a
.aa?o+=, o+++m m m[m+oo =a
C++++ "m oaa.ao ?o+=a.a ==?+" =
+++o+o+ ?+.+, m++ +?a +=o?o+a

oaa, o+oa =+ ++a++++= =o+ C+o++ =
o+o C++++ (m+mmo C++oo+ao, +aao
-m+= a.oo - ?+mm ?+..m+= a.oo C++++
=o= =oo.++++=:

oa =om+, a++ ?++++o +aaa C+a=
C++o++?o+=, "o+=+o+ =om+ m.o=+
C+?+a m.a Co, - ++++m
oo+++++ (-m+o o+++a: + + a++ =
?+.?.+a ++ m+m+--"=++m ?++++a" = o+o
C++oo o= ?o++=+m mmaa+++ +o ?+mm+m
?+.[ o++++++m ==?+ ?o+a++ = +++
++++m+ ?+.?.+a S+= ++ o+o C++oa" =
a+= mo+a++ ?+..++

"o++++++m, +m?a+a++a C+aaa S.++=o
?o++++m" = o+o C++++ oa , "+m?a+ a++a
C+aom+ ==?+ ?o++++" = ?+..++

++a, oa ++ C++o++= S+o Coa
o=+ mm++a S++ .+.+o++o S+o +++
mamm C+++m S+mm +mmm +++o
o++++++m C++ S+++ m++m+ +.++
S+= +a+= C+ m+am.a ?+++++ m+a m++m
+m?a+a++a C+aom+ S.++o ?++++= Sooo +++
++++m a+=+C++oo m+a?m mamo, +amo =oo+a
===a +=++oom = C++ooaoo+ =++

o= mm++ , +?om+-Sm+ ?+mm+m

mm++ - =oo+m+=ma, m?m S+=a +a+
o++a+a++ S++ o+aaa =++ S= =

a+= mo+a+ - a+=a +a+m++ Soo= =

mm++ - S= a+[, S= =++ = C++om+o ?o+o
S++?+

a+= mo+a+ - ++ma, aa, +a+a, +++a
=om+ C+aaa +a+m ++ C++oomoo ++
C++ +a+ Soo+ao, am ?m +a+++m

+?o+m+ - = =++ +a+

a+=mo+a+ - o+, +++a, ?+++a, moo, a+a Sm
==m?a Soo++ +a+ S+ +++m++m
(o++oa++m: o++, oa, o+a =+ ma
o Soo+ao, o+ =[+= m+++ o++oa,
o?++a moa o+o+aa Co, o=+++a S++
?m[a =o?o+=a ++ +a+m?a +++++ ?m[a

++++ =+ m++ ?+mm ?+..+m

"S++ oa+C+oo+a +++a+= oa += ==
+++a" = ?+.[ ?a?aa ?+mm+m ?+.[+
C++?. m+++m a+amo+a+ ?a?aa o+o+m+
C++oo ?o++=+mo oaa C++oo+ C++?. m++++
+.+a++ "o+aa ?o++=++= == +++a" =
?+..+m ?+.++ +++++, mmoo ++ao ?+..+o
+o m[ m.+= m[a = a+= mo+a+ C++oo,
++++ +=. ?+mm ?+.o+ ++++ C++.+m

+++o++ C++++m=

a++ ?++++o o+=+o+ m.oo +aaa C+a=
C++o++ ?o+= m.a ama - ++++m
oo+++ m a++ = ?+.?.+a ++ ++m,
+o++ =+ ++ ++++m =+ o+++a ==+m+
?+..+

"=oo+ o+=+maa =oo+ +=++maa
+++++=a m++a, m m?m S+= +aa+=a
+++a+aa m++m+ S+ ++m++ ?o++a,

?m+a, o+aaa Sm ++m+m+ = C+++
= ="

a+=mo+a+ - ++ ?m ++ m++a+=
o++ =oo+ o+=+maa +=++maa m?m
S+= +aa+=a +++a+a++ o+aaa +++++a++
+++o++ ?+mm++=+ +o+a+ o+o m+++o,
m+mmo ?+mm ?+.o+ +=. ++++
C++mm+++m (Sm+ Cmoo a+aoo = Co+m:
+o, ++++ aooaa ?+mm ?+..+m

++++ - m+o=+= +.a, ?aa (=oo+ S.=+ma:
=oo+ ++o=+ma =oo+ mm=++a =+ +++a++
.a?++, == +++?a+, = =

a+=mo+a+ - +++a (moo+++:

++++ - S+=a (+++++=a: +++a ==

a+=mo+a+ - ++a +=aoo, Co+=aoo,
+.=aoo, =+a=aoo =++ +maoo =oo+
S.++aoo= S+ m=+oo+++?o ++a, ++++,
mm+++a, ++++=+m, oa a+ma ++++oo.[ S++
S+= ?aao.. ==maoo = oom+++
=[+=+++++

++++ =omm "Sm+ Ca++ Sao+= =o?o+a
Sm+= +am+++a C+aa=+m" =++ o=a m++++
=om+ ?+mm+m ?+..++

a+= mo+a+ "Smmmm ao+m+m S++ m+mmo
?+mm+m ?+.[ =.a o+o+m+o +o+
.+++++m ++ m .ao++++++ ?+mm+m
?+.++ ++ ?+.=a ?+mm++= m+oo o+o
C++oa" = oom++++ ?+.+, =oo+m=a
m++++ o+o C++oo+C++?. m++++ S+++ +aa++o,

a+=mo+a+ mo =.[ om++mo o+ C++?
m+++=a m++m +++a m+oam=a
?ao.[ mCaoo+a +aa+= .+=a -mo+m+
om--o+m+=++m?o C++oooo[a om a++ ++
= a++ = C++oomooCao, a= +o
=.+++ +? m.a" =++ m++++ o+o C++oo+
C++a+ao m++m. +o =.+++ +? m.++=
m.a +ma++m, m.a m++m
m..a+++ +.o, m+ m.oo ?++++, =[+=+ C+oa
?o+=, mao, +.++m, S++ m..ao oa
S++= = = +o o[=++ C++[ -o+
(o+aa m++.a o+++oo..++o Sooo?++++= =o+
+ ?m[a:

a+=mo+a+, m+mmo mmm++mo o+++=,
Sa a+++m= ?+mm+m ?+.+o+a =++ +[+[=+a
m++m -a ?o+moo m+m +o++=

1c(z: +++ - a+=mo+a+ - mam++a

oC++ +aaa a+=mo+a+ + ++ +o+=
aooaa C+++ ++ m=+, m+?m, o+++m
?m[a+ oo= ?m+ +++=++++ =++
a+=mo+a+ So?o+= +++= o?++++++
mo= +?o "S+++" =+ om S+++
(S+++ =++ am+a++ Sooo+C++oa o++a
[: S.= +o m.a o+ S+++m
Smmm+=a o+a?a m++m+oa ==mm a+am?a
a o+a++o ooo ?o+o mm ++o+m
mm++a o+a++m oo a+a++o o++=, ?++++
m. Caooa ++o+m mm m= "o+" =
Coa+ m ma++, m Cmm?a +mao++
o+a++o+= ++++o mmm+ mm
a++++a+= (mma++ ++o: o++, S+++a=+mo
++=. m++a+m+ ++.oa, om++
mm++ o+a++mm o+a++a+ ?mo..m

SC+ +aaa, S?+ ?o+ - mam++a +.++=
++ ?+.+ a+= mo+a+ o+o C++oo a+ +a+
++=++m +.++

++ - om+= == ?a++m

a+=mo+a+- m+a++ ?a++m

++ - m+a m+a+++o

a+=mo+a+ - o?o+= ++++

++ - Sma Soo++?o+=

a+=mo+a+ - o?o+= + (mm+= ?o+m:

++ - =maoo++?o+=

a+=mo+a+ - m++=, aa.oa ?o++o ?o+++
C++[ m ao+a, +o+a

++ - m++=a Soo++ ?o+=
a+=mo+a+ - +a+?m ?a++m

++ - +a+m+m= ==

a+=mo+a+ - o+a++?o o++ m+a m+oa S++
m+= +++a++ Soo= +a+ mmo ?o++++
+a+ ?+a?o+=, =++ oa+ Smmo++ +.++=
.?o+[ ?+++++=am+ o+oa C+a+= .oo+=
m[o.[ m..+o o+oa Soo mmo ++o++o,
mo =o..++ C++[ ++? m ++
+aoma Smmo+++= m++ mmo++o =++a,
a+++, ?+++a, Soa Sooo om+++ =oo+a
mmoa = oo+[++ C+++= mmo ++o++?o
m ++=+ ++? ?a++mm++ ++ ++++o

(mmo+: o+a++a+m. ++aa+++ o?o+=
++, m+, oaa, o+oa , =++a = =+?+[a
Soo Soo+oo +++?a+o+m++o C++ooaoo,
ama +++a, o+++m +++a, ?+m++m
+++a, +=+m+ (o+aa+: +++a = ?a?aa mm
+++++ .++ So?o+= =++ S+++ama ?mo
C+am+oo am -amo S++=

1c(!: - moo, mmoa, ++a, Soo

moo, mmoa, ++a = +o++= ?ao..
+o Soo o?o+= o+a++a+m+o ?m S.a
C++[ ?o++oo[++ oa, o+o=++= =m+
?m +++a =[+= om+++ =+a, ++a+++m,
o+m m+m, S++ ma S++ m+ C++.++
=+ma, +a=+a m+= [++ omao
+om++ ?moa mma=+m+ ?+++= m++
S++ mma=+m+ +a+m o+m m++ +m+=

o+oa=+a mmm, o+aa++oma Co++
o+ aa S, ?+ma+a ma++ ++a a.oa
o=+= ?a++a Co++ o+a++a+?m,
o++?+++a=++=+ +++ moom m
===aoom amm+o ++ mo o++++ Saa
+++a+aa+a o+a++o S+++ Sm a,
?m+ +aaa, a=a, ++a, +om m+oa
C+a++ ?a+++m.ao S+=, Sm+ ++
ma++++ Sm .a ma+ma
?aC++m++ S+++a=+m .++, +a++
C+aa+ao, ++aa ++a=+m+ C+aa+ao, +?++m ++
=++=+mo Co++=+C++[, amm +=
+o+++ ++=m?m S+=a S++o o+a++a+mo
o++++?m[a S=?m "o+o+aaa" S++ o+o+aaa , So
o+ ++=+maa =oo+maa m+=a


o+++o S+= o+a a+++= o++++
+++++ o+++ += , o+ a ++ momo S++=

?m+++o C++ooaoo, =oo+ o+ma a++a
o+oa+m+o +mo++o o[+ +o+o, ?m+a
===a +++++= S+=+ +++a+ ?m+a,
+++aa+ o+o=++++ ++.oa a+++= +++aa+a
+++a ++= mm+=a, ?ao+ ma+o+ ( o, om,
mm:+=, oam++a+a =oo+m=?a +++a++
Soo= o+ma S++ o+m++ o+aaa++ o+m++
?m[a (o+a =+ a+++++=o o+aaa =a
Co+m [:

1c(!: o++m m m+

?+m++m (?+m++m:, a+++m, ++++m Sm++m
+=+.a ++oo++ o, o?+++=a+
?mo+ ?+m++m ?moa ?o+= + = o?+++=
C+++= C++o++m+ = ++oo++ ?+..++ "+aa"
++m= "S+++a +++oa" ?m[a = o++=
C++?.+a =+

a+++m.a "+" =o++ C++?o+= "++a"
C+aa=+m =o+ ++++++, m++m C+++++m

++++m.a, ++ =.+++ C++ ?o+=, +a
o+a=+m = +++++++ C+++++m

o+aa++o+= o++ "o++o+a" o+om++m+
?+m++m m+a++ o+m+++ o+o+aa?a m+aa
S= (o+o+aaa: ++a a.o++a mm=
+a mm= S+= o+ , om, mm =+
ma+o++m


+++?+++a o+m++o C++oooo.. ++ooa
m+a, ao o+aaa++ o+moo= C++ooo o[+=
m+++, "o+"m++ o+moo=, ?a++a C+oom ?+ma+
a++++++o, +a++a+, +Com++, ++m+
++o=++= S.aoo++ o +aa ?o++a C+
++?++moo= C++oooo[+=

++ "m" =a, o++ "+a" =a
?+++= o+aaa++ o+m++ ?m[a =
C++oooo[+=

o++, ++++ma, amm++ma, m+aa++ma
o+moo= C++oooo[+= m++ =oo[a ?m+++
o+m++ o+m++ ?m[a o+m+= ++= ao+m
mm+o+, mm., o++, mm++ ?+m+++=+
C++[++oo[a om+ o++=+m mm+o+ oo= mm.
ama a=++o, o++ = C++oo ommma,
o+++m +?+++=+ C+aaa?o+= mm++ =a
C++oooo[+=

o+ - m++= ++m - o++ + - am o+o-
o+m+ =++=a m?++++=+m

1c(: - ++a++ o+ma

++a++a m+o o++++ m o+=+m++
o+moom m o+=+mo =+aa .m+
S+.+a o++++ m ?m+=+m++ o+moom,
?m+++o C++oooo.. oo+m .m+ m+a
o++++, o++ o+, ma+=+m++ o+m+++o,
=oo+o o+++maa m+a++++ C++mmo+a ++++a
o++++= +++o+a = Coa+ S+o o+aaa++
o+m+++o, o+, Co+m +.+=a o++++=
+aa = Coa+ +a=+m+ ++oo++?o ++a++ ++a++
o+ma C+aom Sm.oo.. oo .m+


o+aa o+ma C+aom+= ++= a+++=+m -
o+++++ C+am++++ S== C++oooo[+= (S=
+++m+ma o+m++a mm=:

1c(: a+++ ++a+

o++ m+a, o=+++ m+a, a+++ ++a - ma
C++oooo[+ (+++?+++a o+m++o o++++: a+++
++a+mo C+aa+o ?o+a=+m+ C+a+ o=, "a+++"
=+ mm=m, o++o o+.a a++++++ C++oo+
C++?. +ao m+=+ C++[, ++a++a+a,
Sa +o a+++=+m+a, m+ooo +aa C+a=,
++= ?a?+ +++o +o m+= S+mo o[+++=,
+a++o m+a+= om++ a+++=+m+ C++oo
?m[a Soooa+ a+++ ++ma+++?o o+++
+..a ++++o = =m+ m.[, +ooa +maa++
mma "a+++ ++maa" =o=, C+o, ama, =m, +=,
?++=a, o+a==, am+a +oma, +o=oa (o+=
++a=+m: Sm =oo+a ++= +a+, ?+, C+a
Smo m++ ?m[a ?o+a=+m C+aa+?o
C+aaoo. ?m[a omm Co+m, S++ omm
++=+ +++ oo+m ?ao+o .aa+ C+aa,
Sm =ooo +.+= C++mm?m[a, = +++a=+m+
C+aa?m[a = oo mma=+m C++oooo[+
++++a+ amo omm Coaooa++ma, oo+=a
o+m++a++ ?m[Ca+a C+aa ?moa m+m
C++oooo[+

"mam o++aaa" =+ o+ao+ C++oooo[+=
o+o+aaa, o++o+ =+ o+ao+ -
++a.a+= ma o+ao+ aC+ S+[a
- ?++++=a C++oooo[+=

a+=amo+a+, m+a.a m+o am
?m+++o Co= C++oooo[+=


S=?m oo+++a+ o+m++ +++a (S+=.
o+= o+m+=++m +++a C++oooo..=:

S== Sa +o m+a o+m+=++m +++++aa
C++o+?+a


11 - +?m+++m+?++o+m+

1cs o+m+=++mo 11m= o+m+=
+a+a=+m ++, ++, ++m+ = ++=m=+m
m++ m=+++= S= +++a o+a++a+m mmoa,
+++ oa+++ C++oooo[+=

ooo=, m+m=, Soo= m+oa =oo+m=a
+++a+= == ++oa+ Sa+a+ mma+
o=+o+=+m+ moo+++a+ m+---Soo, Sm
=oo+a ?++++++ ?+++++++ S+++o, ?++++= a++
= mm+++= o+a++a+ =+ mom+= m++=

mam++++?o o+ m+ =oo+a ++
++m+ ?o++++ m+=a ++ (?+++a:

++m+, ==+m +++ =aoo++ ?++ Sm
?++, ?++=++= +++a+aa++ S+++
S=++ o+aaa S+= ?ao -aoo S= ++
+..ao mm +ao ?o+= =m+o a
Sao+= m++a+ + ++ +.. o+ma ?ao
+ +.+o =o= +a+a C+a+o Sooo
m++a+m+=m o+a++a+ a++oo+ +a+a C+a=
+= o+m++ ?m[a +a+a C+aom+=
++a+m.+a m++aa mmm+?m+, +++a
Sm++m +++o++o Co ?m[a o+m+
m?++++++=, m m+?o, m.a a+o o+a
m++?m[a

+o, +.+=, a++o Sm += +a+++, +++a+
S.++o +=++ m++o a++= oo+m .++ ,
o+++a+a=+m+ C+a=, amm o+o+aa++.a +++
?m[a

++=+m a+ma ++++o+= .++
++++ Co+m+ o+a++a+m.a+= =oo+

o+=+a .++ m +=+=a
+++++a+ m a+a a+a "moo+++"
m.a a+=+?m m++a+++m Sm+ ++a
.a ?m[a =+a, ++aa S+.+a m
+++++ ?m[a S++ m++a+ oo, Cooo,
oaaoo =++ .o, ++a ma+o Co+?++,
+ ooo.ao Ca+++mo S++ m
++oo[a SmCaoo+a C+m+=, o+a++a+m
+++oom+ m +moa .m+

o+a++a+ +++++ o++ o++=+m.a+=
m[o.[, m?a ++ = +oom+= ?a++a
[ o+a++a+ - m+a+ - =.[+m .am

(1: m.a++++
(z: =.[ ++=+m
(!: =.[ ++o+o+++m
(!: =.[ o++++m (oa, oa, +++a, C+oo, m+a,
am, o++, o=+++a:
(: =.[ ?+m++m (o+oa+, o++o+ ?o+m++m:
(: =.[ mm++m
(: =.[ +++oa+ ==+m (S++ =o =?+a
:

m a++++=+m .am
(1: ?a++++=+ C+oa ?+ma++a
(z: ++a?o++++=+ C+oa o+a++a
(!: +++ +=+++++ a++++a

+?m+++m+++, + +?o+oo+++a, C+am
+++o+++a, o+aa++ += oo+= Sooo
o?++++++


1z -++m++ o+m+=

?+m++m, mm+++++=+ C+, ++o
o+++=, "++ a++" = ?+.+, m+, "++ -m?
m+oo S+?+ So?o+=a S++? S?aa
S++o ?o++? =+ +m+ ?mC+a Soo"
=++

?+m++m, o+m+ C++oo ?moa+ Sm+
C++o++?+ = ++++

++, "?+m++?m! +=+m +++ ++ o+m+
m+a++=a m+aa+m ===a o++= m o=+=
Soom =+=a +++a+a Smm+? =+=m
o=++oo++o, ++ =? " = C++++

++, o+m+ o++ ?+m++m Smm+
+++ =++++ o+ma, += mm++a-S= -
o+m+ a++++a = C++oooo..=

S+++, ++m+, ++a, o+o+, a+m+=a
o+m+ +++a+a S= -m+ o+ma


1! - ++m +?++o+m+=

oooo+++ aa oo ao+m+m, "++m+"
=om+.a C+ "+a+++= a+++a ==
+a+a+= == +a+a C+aom a++ +a+a
C+aaoo[a ++=ma =" = ?+..+

++m+ o+o C++++ "+a+++= a+++a
o+ma = ++= o++a mm++a o+aaa+=a +++,
+++, a+++=+m m ?ao + a++++ - S=?m
?m+=+m S=?m ?o++=+m aa oom+a++ S=
o+oo[+= S++o o+ma o+mma, ++++a, o+a,
=ma o+++oo[a S++ ++= a+++++m a++=
mm moo, mmoa, + +a, ?a++a =+ ++=
+++m+++ C++om+ S++o o+m?a +a+++=+
+++a +a+++ mmm++o o+m++ ?m[a
+a+++= +m.+ ?+m+ mm +a+a
C+aom ++++o o+m++ ?m[a m+m +m+aa
mm =oo+m=a ++++ mo + a++++ao
?+m+a+++ C++oooo.. o+a om? =o?o++=a
++a moom m? o+m++oo.?moam

-a-o+m+ a+++a S+o o+a++a+ =+ =a
?m[a

-a - S+= ++= o++=+m- +++a, +++a, a+++a, +++a

+++a - o+mm+ =a Coa+ o+m ?o++a;
+moo, a=+m +a; + ?m+a; o+oa+ ?+m+; m.
mm++m; ++a++ +++m ; +++oo+ +; =
+a+++o

+++a - m+aa+ =a Coa+ ++++ ?o++a;
a+?m+a; +oo +a; mm ?+m+; =++++

++++m; +m[o+++m; ++++; = +a+++
?m[a

a+++a - "+o++o+" =a Coa+ m+a ?m+a; Cmoo
+a; ++ ?+m+; o+[ ++a++m;
+++++m; om+a++; = +a+++ ?m[a

+++a - "m+aa+" =a Coa+ ++m ?m+a +++
a++++; ?m+a ?o++a; =oo+ +=+a; a+
?+m++m; m++. +++m; =++m =+ +; =
+a+++ ?m[a


1! - C+mm++ o+m+=

S+o o+a=+ m+a, o+++++ m+a, o+o+ m+a
C++oooo[+= Sm a+ma m+a+mo
C++oooo.[mm=

1 - a+++?++o+m+=

m+m, +m, +?a+ ==+m+o mo o+++a+=,
o+o+aa mmo++ a++= +m, +?a+, =a
-+= m+m =a ?a?o+=+am++m o+a++?o
+++a+aa++ o+aa++ +++oo+++m

o+o o+aa+++ +o+ zm= ++=ma+aa,
zm+++ma, z!-+ma, Sa =mCmmm+?+
o+++++++m =oo+a m.a+= o+= m.?a
a+ S++ o+aa++ += o+moom+ m.a
?+++= mm==m+

1 - mo+?o+o+m+=

1 +a+a=+m .a= ++++a? o+++=ma
=o++ C++o+= "?++++=++" =om+ ++m+=+
C++= S=

?++=+m, ?++=+m, ?+++ ?++=+m
Sm++= +++aa++ Soo++ -o+= "+am"
?++a= +ammo+= o=+ o+=++=+ +++a+
++am o=+++a, S+o+= +++a, S+o+= m+a,
m+amo+= +, S+o+= oa, o++o+= a
Soooa+++ ?++ SC+oo+a o+aa+.a++ a

C++=+++o++=o o=, S++ o+aa+.a
om++oo.[, ?ao o++a - mm+++a, + o++a oaa++ma
a +[mo o+aa+m+= +++a+aa+ ao+ om
m o++++= a+amo o.+++ m++
++ (+. o++ =aCoa+: ++ a+a
o+aa+m.++o o=+= a+++ o+oa+, a+m
o++++m++ =. ?o+o o.+++ m++m o++++mo
o.+++ (o++o+ =oo[om++m: m+++o+=
o++aaa, ++mo+= ++++a++a,
C++.ao+= m+a++a, ++o+mo+= +++++a
.++++m ammo+= ++++a, +o+=
m+aa +++o+= ++a, o++ m+ama,
o+a++o+= a =oo+ma .+a

C+ao+= ?++o+++o ++ .+++
=oo+ o+=+maa ++++++ C++. o+a++oo,
m++, om S ma++oo++=, ?+m - +m - a+ -
+++m - ++++m +++maa, a+=+maa ao
o+++maa +mo+++

o+ma ++o++o m? +a++ =oo+maa
=++++ o?o+= oa, o++a, oa, C+ooa,
C+oo, ++a, ++, +++++a oa++

+++a, S+++a=+?m+[a, S+++a=+m, +-
a++++?m+[a, +a++++m, o=+++++a,
o=+++a, ao++a, ao+, ma++++a, ma++a,
++++a, ++a, +amma oa++ +am
o+m+. - a+=

Sooooo.. o+m+ .a ooo ooo+ao,
m+aa, C++., +ma, o+aa+++aa, m+++aa, a=a,
=+ =+=+m+ C++[ o+m++ ?m[a

o+a++ +[?m, a+am o.a - mm=
(o+++=: +o ++a+o o ?o+o -+ mama mm=
=?+ ++o+m m+a++ o+= +m++=+m mm
mo o++, o+ m+oa m+a++m om+
?a++, ++++ m+am m++a+++o =oo+
?o++=+maa a+, +++m, ++++m++maa a
=oo+maa o+++++

m+aa+ S++ o+= ++o+m -mCm++=a z,ccc
+a ++ao+m mm m++a+ S++ ++o+mo S+++
(m+++=a?o+=: mmo ++ao, mmoa ++o=,
++++o .o+ ++oo=, +++++ =oo+ ++o+ma
o+oom=, o+ =oo[a ++o+?m+[ ?++++ "o+++="
=+ o+a++++++o ?o+a ==m= =oo+?a S+
C+ao +, ++=, m+=, +++=, +m+ (?++oo ===a
mm=: am, o++, o=+++a, +++a, m++=, +, ++o,
a?oa+++aa, m++?++++aa-+ 1! S+++a=+m
Sm++=+ +++a++ mm mmaa - Sm+++
?+m+-Sooo 1! o+m+m ++o, o++, ++o
.+=a m o?o+= =o[a +++a, o+a++++a
+a s S.=+mo o++= mmm++-o+m+ o+m++
?m[a

=oo+maa ++mooom +..ma[+m
=oo+ m++a++++=a +a+ o+++=a +a+
m+= =..++m ooooa++ m++oo[a o+a++a+-

oa++++a ++a++m, ++++m m?
+++ma m? m+= =oo+o oa+a .o
o+ao+++o =.++maoom =oo+a .o+a, o+m+
=oo+m=a +++a+aa+a -+a+m+a S+=a S++
m+aa o?++a++o Co++ S= ?m+ +omaa

.aoo mm ++o+mo ++= ++o+m
m++aa+m +a, +a, S++, o++om - oa
?o++a, o+o ?o++a, ++ + S.a, ?a++ m++a,
=+ S.=++= Sm m?a m+ao+m ++++a
++o ma++o ooo.[, o+a?+++a, +o++o+oa
Smo om+= C++[, o+m m+o =oo+
++=m=+maa +.+= m ?a?o C+o++
Sooooo.. m+aa o++, +ma +m+ ?m a++=a
o?++++o+++=

1 - + +omaa

++o a+ ?m+++o, ++o+ o++aa++o S= -
o++a S= o+m+= oo

a++=+m, ?o+a=+m C+aom+ m++a+ +a
++a =o+ mo+= mao+++++ Sm
"a+++" =oo[++ ?m+a a++a C+aaa?o+=
+. m+o+ mo S.a, ++a+++oo.[,
om+a++ m++oo[+= om.a a.++oa
!,ccc ++.+m -mCm+ ++ma C+aaa +.a+m,
a+++=+= ?moa =+=+m++ o+m+= ++= (a++a:
C+aa ?m[a (m?++++=+m, o .o.
-mCm+ma C+aaa +.a+m: S= m+a+aa++=
=oo[a (m+m+++ m+a - ++ooa m+a +?a
C++oooo.[mm=:


1s- a?o+o+m+

++++a -m++ +mo+= mo S+++
o+aa, ++, oa, +, ?m+a, mm+++a,
oa,++++a, m+a, ++++ m+oa ==ma Soo,
+a++ Soo+o +o+ Soo++ ++++a +a+a
C+aa 1! omm+m (1c S+++a=+m, am, o=+++a,
o++, +a+ (.o: o+ + 1m= Soooa++ o++
o= o+=+m +a++++m, zm= ++=ma++ m
o++ o+a++a+ =oo+maa -+++ m +o
o=++ mmo C+a++ Sooo =oo+ m mmo+=a
+++a ++++a C+ao+= ++, Sm.a
++aa, o+aa+++aa, ?m+a aa oo C+om=+m ?++++
+?m m +++, ao+?+m =oo..+ m
++++a +a+a C+aa C+aoma+m
.+a = ===a o+m ++++ a +o
o+aa+.a .+a o+aa == ?+++
o= ++++ ?o++=+m, ?+m++m o++
S+C+oo+a +++a ++++a m ++a+?+
=oo+ o+ma a++a mm ++a+ Ca+.[?o+
o+a++o + m+o mm= +.ao
o+a++a+ S+++ o+aa, +m, S+++
=o?o+.a o+a++a S+++ S+= ?ao
+?o++oa++ S++ o+m+ mm=

o+m+=++mo !z ooa m+a+m mm++o
o[+ ooa m++a S++ C++o+= Sooo,
S=m+ ?m+=+m, ++++m, ?m+++++ =+=+m,
ma+, o++a, S+o+ma, a+++o++a, o++aa o++a,
m+a o+m+=++m?o+ =oo+ mma=+maa
+++a+++ C++m++oo..=

?m+a- Co+a o+m+a ?m++++a =+ o+m+ -
ao+=m S+=a =+ S++ =++=m +aa
+=o ?o+a +a+= m++.[om++m +++a++m
?m+++ +aaa C+a++o a.[a ?o+++=

?m++=+=+maa ++ ?m[a (ma+++a, +++m,
+++a, +ooa, +++ , ?++.a:

ao+m+m, + ?m+++ o++a++ a+++o
+.+++++m =.[ ++a +.++= Sooo?a a+
?m+a +.aoo..= S+o+= =.[ ++a +.++=
Sooo?a m+a?m+a +.aoo..= S+o+= =.[
++a +.++= S++ z! ++=+m ++ ++a++ a+++a
S+aa ++++++m + ?m+ s ++=+mo+= o,
a+ ?m+ s ++=+mo+= om, m+a?m+ s
++=+mo+= mm

o, om, mm - ma+o+ a+++a = Coa+ S+
?aa ++++++m

+ o =o+o+= +++a
a+ om =o+o+= +++a
m+a mm =o+o+= a+++a

maa ?+++++++m "-a+++a" o++= ?m+++=
S=?m ++m

a= o+++++o ++++++?o (m+a ?m+a:
?+m++maa, o+m+aa ++ ?m[a +
?m++++?o ooo m++m++m m?++++a o
?m[a a+ ?m+ a+++=+m+o Sooo Sooo
++oo.[ m+=mm ?+m+++=a o+m++=a
?o+aa o ?m[a ++m ?m+a+= o+oa+m++
S+= S++ a=++ +.++ m++=

?m+ma, ma++a = +..m+m m a
+.oom = +..ma aam+m+ m =.a
o++ C++.+a =+oo.+= = omm ++a++o
o+m+? ma++++


?m++o+m+ - =

?m?++om+ =+ +oooo C++oooo..
mma=+m-=o?o+a o++= C++mm ?m[a
=o++++ma, +a= +o+++++++ +a Co+++ma
oo+ +.oo+m+m+o o++= C++mm moa+ao
-=++ m.+ +.+= =o++++ma, ma +om+m
(= So?o++a +omaa ?+++=: ?m+=+m
oam++ ?m[a; +o +[o+[ C++mm ?m[a; =++
=ao oa++a ?m+ +a+aa++ma ++
?m[a =o++++ma, a+ma +++a+++
++oo.[mm

S++ ?m?++o+m+m o+ma C+aaa
m++++m m+oo + ?m+++ mm+++,
o=+m++=+m, ++++aa, Sm +aaa C+a+o
+oo= Sm +aaa C+a= m.o++m++o, ?m+
om ++m++a +++aa +.+=a o= ++?a ?m+
+aaa C+aa =++?+ +ma m+= m[a ?m+++
o+moo=, o+m+ o+moo+=+ +aa


+ma m+a ++++=+m

?m?++o+m+m= +ma +to+m =++ma
m+aa+ +to+m mm+a

(1: o+++++ aa+am+ o+maa (m=. m+m, o++
+.+=++ oo+ma mao+ma o
?m+ma+++++a+ mm+a ma=:

(z: oa+ +oma ++a m++a (m++ mm++a: m=.
m+m ++m+ o+m ?+++ o
?mm++++m+++++a+ ma=:

(!: o+m+ m++a (S?+ mm+a ma=:

(!: m[m+ o ?m++++a Sao o+oo++ +,
a+, m+a, ++m ?m+=+a 1c
o+m+=+a

S+o ?o+ Sa ?++ ++++=+m
+ma++


o++++a o+m+ a++++++ C++oo
?m?++o+m++ +m C+a+?+a

-a + o?m+ om ++++a?+ ++aa+ o++m
m?a+| ++++a++ o++?+ +a?+|
amm+?m+++a++| +am+a+ ?a++++o o+m
m+mma +++| ++++a++ o+oa++a?+| ++++a++
+?++ +a?+| ++++a++++?++ +a?+| ++++a++
+m+++++ ++a+ +++ mmm m+m++ ++++=am|
++++a+?+m mm+o+a+?+| ++++a++ o+m++++?+|
++++a? o+oa+?+| + ++?a+ ++++a| o+oa++
++++a| +mm+ ++++a| +++m++ ++++a| ++om++
++++a| ++ma+ ++++a| +m++ ++++a| +++
oom+ ++++a| ++++a =?m+=a m+ma| a+o+a
a++omaa | +m+m=?++ ++m+o?o++++=?++ ++++a++
m+?++?+m =?++ ++++a| ++m+?a+m+ +m++| a
=ma ?m+| mmm?+mom+ mmm?+m om+|

-a+a+?+ ma+o?++| +a S+ om+++|
++++a+?a+ao+m.++| -a+?a+++++a | +a S+ +?m
+?+ | ++++a+?a+ o=+++++ | =++m ++++a-
ma+m.+++a o+a | ?a+om ++++ama+m.+++a
o+a+?a+ | oom m+ma+a?++ | m++?+ o+++o+aa
++am?o+ma C+mo+aa | +?++a++ma++?+ +?++-
a++m a++ S+ | a =ma ?m+ | S+ao+m+|

o++a++++a o+aooma o+mmmoa +++
+++ a+++ S+ | ++?+++ m+om++?++a+ | am++m+
m+a?++ ?a++ a mam++ o++++ | -a +?a+
++++a+?a+ a++?++o+m+| m=.?o++ oma
+ama+| +++a o+a o.++a m+=+++a | +ma++
++++o a+++a| o+ao?a+ ?+m+ o+?++a o+ao?a+
a= m+?+a | m+mo+m +?a+a ++++aa | +++ o
a+++a o+ao+o?a+a | =++ ++m+?++?a+ +a?+ |
o+++++a+?+ ++++++a o+oa +++a+ | m+aa+a+?+

+mm++a o+oa+++a+| a++a++ a+++a+o
m?+++a+ | o=+o+++ oo+++++ o+m+a?+|
m+m?m+o++a oaa oo?+ | ++++a
m+aaam+o?++ | a =ma ?m+ | S+ao+m+ |
|| o+ -a ||

mam+o+m+++a oa?+ ++++a+a +a


?++ m=+o+a

o?a, Smao++aa m+C++?. ?m+o+++aa
+.+=a S.++o a++= o+++aa moaam+ ++ma
C+a= m++++o, ?m+?++m+++o ++++oo.?.

+o ++oa C+oo+C+oo ?m+o+++aa
+m+= ?m+++a+a+m =+= m++
m+aa++, mm++m, S+o ++a++ +[o+[
C++mm++++C++amoo

Sm++m Com++ ?mo+mo S+= -am Co
o=, aa a+++o +aoa ?o+=, Sm+++=,
+mao+o++a +++ C++om=a, o= o+++a++o
maoo=a +ooa++ S++= o=+ m++=+m
+.+C++m+oo

?m+a +aC+a+ a+ +.?++o =a, ?m+a
+=+=a m+++=a =a, +ao mm +ma
o+o++++=+m+ C++.+o+a, Sm++= =oo+a
moa+ ?m+=+maoo?++ -=+=m?++ +a+aa+
?m+=+m aaa, m Coaaa ++++o,
=oo+[o.?.a ?m+ +aaa C+am+o +[o+[ ma
=+ mo+o, o?a S+o S+?+ o ?+++=+m
oomo oo+?+ oo m+m++m.a, oo
mma=+m+C+++= C++?.

oo++ o ?+++=+mo m+aa+m

1 o +++++ aa+am+ o+maa (m=.m+m o++
+.+=t+ oo+mamao++a o ?m
+ma+++++a+:
z oa+ +oma++a m++a-m++mm++a (m=.m+m
++m+ o+m?+++ o ?m m++++m+++++a+:
! o+m+ m++a (S?+ mm+a ma=:


! o mm o++a
o ao+o+++a
o ?o+oo a.a !!a o..a oa++a+=++ mo++
ao+
o+=+a oa+ .m m++o?m+ ao+-1us
s o+=+a oa+ .m ma a++++ ao+-1uu
u oa+m +++m+++ o ?mm+++
o+a++mao++++a+ =Ca+aoo
om++=+m aa oo
1c ao+m+m +++a (o ?m ++moo+++a
?+m+++++++a+ - m=.m+m
11 ?m+ m=+a
1z + ?m++++ m+++m (=+oa-1u1:
1! o ++a+a ++m++++ +o+
1! o o+m++?++.. .m m++o?m+ ao+
1 o a=+++++a mm+a +t+[ m+ ao+ - zccc
1 o ++m+ mm+a ++a+ a?o++mm ao+
1 o+m+ m++a - o++a+m+ am
1s o m++m+ +++a - o++ ++++a a+
1u o Com.++o+ m+a Cmma.+

1 +++o?m+ ++a+o+
z o +oma++am++a
! +oo +oma=+m
! S++ao++r+ +?o+a

zc o+o++a mao+
z1 m[m+ o ?m++++a Saoo+oo++ "+,
a+, m+a, ++m ?m+=+a 1c o+m+=+a"

aa oo

Sm+ +m+

1 !a o..a oa++a +=++ oa+m=+m

z ++oa o ?m ++mao++++a+ oa+m=+m,
++o?+o=+m
! +oo.= o ?m ++mao+++++++a+
+ao+mr+m
! m+++ o ?mo+a++ma o++++a+ oa+m=+m
=tooo o ?m o+a++mao++++a+
oa+m=+m aa oo ao+ m+m++m

m C++=o?o S++ ?m?++o+m+

mam+o+m+++a oa?+ ++++a+a +a
m+ma ooa++m o+a++a

o?a,
oo.a+ Cmm+++++


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