BY

RAFAT RABEEYA
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MR.ARUN KUMAR.1.M
Contents
Introduction
Existing Methods Ior liver Iailure treatment
BioartiIicial Liver
Methods In Designing The BioartiIicial Liver
Clinical Status OI BioartiIicial Liver
Advantages And Disadvantages
Future Prospects
Conclusion
ReIerences
ntroduction
O A -ioartificial liver device (BAL) is an artiIicial
extracorporeal supportive device Ior an individual
who is suIIering Irom liver Iailure.
O The purpose oI BAL is to serve as a supportive
device.
O As ile device coniains boil biological and
manufaciuied componenis, ii is called a bio-
aiiificial livei.
Liver
O Liver is the largest internal organ and largest gland in the
human body.
Functions
O The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and
absorption oI Iats.
O The liver perIorms several roles in carbohydrate
metabolism.
O It stores glycogen, vitamins, and other substances.
O It synthesizes blood-clotting Iactors.
O It removes wastes and toxic matter Irom the blood.
O The liver is able to regenerate.
Liver Failure
Liver Iailure is a condition that occurs when large parts oI the
liver become damaged and the liver is no longer able to
Iunction.
Causes Of Liver Failure
There are several causes oI liver Iailure. The most common
causes oI liver Iailure are:
O Long term, excessive alcohol consumption
O Malnutrition
O Acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose
O Ingestion oI poisonous wild mushrooms
Existing Methods
Some oI the Iundamental methods used early on are;
O Hemodialysis- removes water soluble toxins.
O Plasma exchange- certain toxins present in the plasma are
removed.
O hemoIiltration- has limited application because oI its
maior complication oI thrombocytopenia, leading to
bleeding in patients.
$tatistics On Liver Transplants
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
Transplants Waiting List
P
a
t
i
e
n
t
s
Liver TranspIant Statistics in 2000
Functions Of Bioartificial Liver
O Cellular components must be puriIied and every component in
it must be clearly identiIied.
O The cellular preparation must be clearly shown to not transmit
any inIectious diseases oI any kind.
O The cellular component must stay viable and active.
O The device must be able to introduce the therapeutic and
regulatory molecules that a healthy liver provides, and it must
also Iilter substances Irom the blood the way that the normal
liver does.
O Blood must perIuse properly through system.
!rocess Of BAL
BioartiIicial liver has Iour steps:
Separation oI plasma Irom blood.
Removal oI toxins.
Reconstitution.
Re inIusion.
Methods n Designing The BAL
Two methods in designing the bioartiIicial liver are:
Using synthetic membrane
Extra corporeal hepatitis bioreactor
Using $nthetic Mem-rane
Extracorporeal Hepatitis Bioreactor
Clinical $tatus Of Bioartificial Liver
O Several BAL devices are currently undergoing clinical
testing Ior the treatment oI liver disease
HepatAssist^BAL (BioartiIicial Liver): Circe Biomedical,
Inc., Lexington, MA
-Phase I/II study.
Advantages
O ileiapyismailedasilemosipiomisingsoluiion
iobiidgeioliveiiiansplaniaiionoiiolivei
iegeneiaiion.
O Iipeifoimsmeiabolicfunciionsinaddiiionio
deioxificaiion.
O ioaiiificialliveisysiemslaveslownileii
efficacyinexpeiimenialcuieliveifailuie
modelsinsmallandlaigeanimals,andlaveslownio
besuiiableandsafeinplase#siudiesinlumanswiil
.
Disadvantages
O Maintaining cell viability
O Lack oI knowledge regarding the necessary metabolic
Iunctions.
O Possibility oI introducing viruses with live cell use
Future !rospects
O Development oI a Iully Iunctional artiIicial liver
Conclusion
References
We-sites
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/i.1744-
9987.2006.00359.x; keyword: disadvantages oI
bioartiIicial liver
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver; keyword: liver
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioartificial*liver*dev
ice;keyword : bioartiIicial liver
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver*dialsis;
keyword: liver dialysis.