BẢO TỒN “SƠN ĐẢO” CỦA ĐÀ NẴNG

PRESERVING DA NANG’S ‘MOUNTAIN ISLAND’

CÁC NGUYÊN TẮC CƠ BẢN CHO VIỆC BẢO VỆ MỘT TÀI

PRINCIPLES FOR PROTECTING A NATIONAL RESOURCE
BÁN ĐẢO SƠN TRÀ, VIỆT NAM NGUYÊN QUỐC GIA
SON TRA PENINSULA, VIETNAM
18 MAY 2011

PREPARED FOR: THE CITY OF DANANG

PREPARED BY: SKIDMORE OWINGS & MERRILL LLP
1. BỐI CẢNH
CONTEXT
2. CÁC QUAN SÁT
OBSERVATIONS
3. Ý TƯỞNG…CÁC NHÂN TỐ CỦA ĐỊNH HƯỚNG PHÁT TRIỂN
IDEAS: ELEMENTS OF THE VISION
4. KẾ HOACH CHIẾN LƯỢC MỚI PHÁT TRIỂN
EMERGING STRATEGIC PLAN
5. CÁC NGHIÊN CỨU CHI TIẾT VỀ KHU VỰC
DETAILED AREA PLANS

CONTENTS
 CƠ HỘI
OPPORTUNITIES

THE TIMING IS RIGHT TO PUT

INTO PLACE STRATEGIC
GUIDANCE AND STRICT
REGULATIONS FOR FUTURE
DEVELOPMENT ON THE ‘ISLAND’ CREATING
CURTAILING PROTECTING THE
WHICH CAN ENSURE THE LOCAL
‘LIGHTER’ PROMOTING
ECONOMY TAKES ADVANTAGE DEVELOPMENT NATIVE
OF THE UNIQUE RESOURCE TRANSPORT ECO-TOURISM
WITHOUT DESTROYING THE PRESSURES LANDSCAPE
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS WHICH LINKS
MAKES IT SO APPEALING AND
SO SPECIAL.
2 CÁC QUAN SÁT
OBSERVATIONS
MỘT QUẦN THẾ RỪNG TỰ NHIÊN A NATURAL FOREST
A LANDSCAPE RESOURCE TO BE PROTECTED
A LANDSCAPE RESOURCE TO BE PROTECTED

THE PENINSULA IS A NATU-

RAL TERRITORY OF OVER
4,440 HAHECTARES OF LAND,
STRAWBERRY
WHICH INCLUDES OVER
3,430HA OF NATURAL FOR-
ESTS OF SIGNIFICANT
INDIGENOUS PLANT LIFE AND
TREE COVER.

PERSIMMON

PARASHOREA STELLATA COMBRETUM QUADRANGULARE MYRTUS

 ION
IN CT
T
F EX
O
RISK

BROWN LEGGGED LANGURS (PYGATHRIX NEMAEUS)

RED FACED MONKEY WILD BOAR MUNJACT MUSK DEER

MYRTUS
HỆ ĐỘNG THỰC VẬT ĐA DẠNGN NGÔI NHÀ CỦA NHIỀU LOẠI ĐỘNG VẬT
DIVERSE WILDLIFE A HOME TO A WIDE VARIETY OF ANIMALS
THE WATERS AROUND SON TRA PENINSULA PROVIDE A SIGNIFICANT ECO-SYSTEM WHICH SUPPORTS A WIDE RANGE OF UNIQUE SEA-LIFE, INCLUDING OVER 496 DIFFERENT
SPECIES OF FISH AND CORALS.
CÁC QUAN SÁT
OBSERVATIONS

AN
ENVIRON- A MOUNTAIN A GREEN A NATURAL DIVERSE
MENT UNDER ISLAND ISLAND FOREST WILDLIFE
PREASSURE
 CÁC QUAN SÁT
OBSERVATIONS

RICH A UNIQUE A UNIQUE LAND THE SPATIAL

MARINE LIFE SETTING LAND FORM FEATURES WATERFRONT CHARACTER
3 Ý TƯỞNG…CÁC NHÂN TỐ CỦA
ĐỊNH HƯỚNG PHÁT TRIỂN
IDEAS... ELEMENTS OF THE VISION
01 TẠO RA MỘT CÔNG VIÊN QUỐC GIA MỚI CHO VIỆT NAM
CREATE A NEW NATIONAL PARK FOR VIETNAM
ELEVATE THE STATUS OF PROJECTION OF THE PENINSULA

THE QUALITY OF THE NATURAL

LANDSCAPE SETTING MERITS
NATIONAL PARK STATUS FOR SON
TRA PENINUSLA. THIS COULD
PROVIDE A CLEAR ASSURANCE
IN PROTECTING THIS NATURAL
RESOURCE FOR GENERATIONS TO
COME. DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE
DESIGNATED ‘NATIONAL PARK’ ZONE
COULD BE PERMITTED, BUT THIS
WOULD NEED TO FOLLOW VERY
STRICT GUIDANCE.
POTENTIAL PARK BOUNDARY
02 THÚC ĐẨY DU LỊCH SINH THÁI:
CÁC HOẠT ĐỘNG TRÊN ĐẤT LIỀN
PROMOTE ECO-TOURISM: LAND ACTIVITIES
ENCOURAGE DISCOVERY AND RECREATION

THE PENINSULA’S ENVIRONMENT PROVIDES A TREMENDOUS SETTING FOR RECREATION

AND ECO-TOURISM. NEW PUBLIC PATHS AND HIKING TRAILS COULD BE SENSITIVELY
INTEGRATED WITHIN THE LANDSCAPE TO PRIORITISE WALKING AND PROMOTE
DISCOVERY OF THE ISLAND’S ASSETS. THE MOUNTAIN ISLAND COULD ALSO HOST
ANNUAL TRADITIONAL AND EXTREME SPORTING EVENTS. SON TRA PENINSULA DIVERSE
SETTING IS EVEN LARGE ENOUGH FOR AN “OLYMPIC-SIZED” TRIATHLON ROUTE.

1. SWIM 1.5KM 2. CYCLE (ON ROAD) 40KM 3. RUN 10KM NATIONAL TRAILS, UK
PROPOSED ECO-TRAILS

ROUTES

200M CONTOUR
HIKING TREKS

400M CONTOUR
HIKING TREKS

CONNECTING TRAILS

OFF-ROAD BIKE TREKS

POINTS OF INTEREST

VANTAGE POINTS

BEACHES

MONKEY SANCTUARY

LING UNG PAGODA

BROADCASTING
CENTRE

LIGHTHOUSE

OLD TREE
09 TẠO RA HÒN ĐẢO CỦA NHỮNG CON ĐƯỜNG NHỎ CREATE AN ISLAND OF PATHS
ĐẢM BẢO TẬP TRUNG HƯỚNG ĐẾN NGƯỜI ĐI BỘ
ENSURE A PEDESTRIAN FOCUS

THE MAIN ROADS ON

THE ‘ISLAND’ SHOULD BE
SUPPLEMENTED BY AN
EXTENSIVE NEW PATH
SYSTEM CATERING TO
WALKING, HIKING AND
CYCLING. THIS SERIES OF
TRAILS COULD CRISS-CROSS
THE PENINSULA AND PROVIDE
PEDESTRIAN ACCESS TO
REMOTE PLACES SUCH AS
PROMONTORIES, VALLEY
FLOORS AND KEY POINTS OF
INTEREST. THE TRAIL SYSTEM
SHOULD ALSO CONNECT
DEVELOPMENTS ALONG THE
COASTLINE, LINKING ONE
HARBOUR TO ANOTHER.
02 THÚC ĐẨY HOẠT ĐỘNG SINH THÁI: CÁC HOẠT ĐỘNG DƯỚI NƯỚC
PROMOTE ECO-TOURISM: WATER ACTIVITIES
STRENGTHEN AND DIVERSIFY THE RANGE OF LOCAL ATTRACTIONS

THE WATERS SURROUNDING SON TRA PENINSULA

OFFER TREMENDOUS OPPORTUNITIES FOR
FURTHER OUTDOOR RECREATION AND DISCOVERY.
THESE ACTIVITES SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED
BY STRENGTHENING THE SUPPORTING
INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES FOR SWIMMING,
SNORKELLING, SCUBA-DIVING AND OTHER
WIDE-RANGING WATERSPORTS TO FLOURISH
FURTHER DIVERSIFYING THE TOURISM OFFER.
WATER BASED ACTIVITIES

ABOVE WATER ACTIVITIES

SWIMMING

SPEAR FISHING

FISHING

SURFING

WIND SURFING

YATCHING

PARA-SAILING

JET-SKIING

BELOW-WATER ACTIVITIES

SNORKELLING

SCUBA DIVING
03 ĐẢM BẢO RẰNG TỰ NHIÊN LUÔN LÀ CHỦ ĐẠO ENSURE NATURE IS DOMINANT
GIỚI HẠN SỰ PHÁT TRIỂN SAO CHO CHỈ NẰM Ở NHỮNG KHU VỰC THẤP DỌC THEO CÁC BÃI NƯỚC
LIMIT DEVELOPMENT TO A LOWER ZONE ALONG THE WATER’S EDGE

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AT
SON TRA PENINSULA SHOULD
BE FOCUSSED DOWNWARDS
ALONG THE COASTAL EDGE
OF THE ‘ISLAND’. THIS WILL
ENSURE THAT THE GREEN
IMAGE AND NATURAL
LANDSCAPE SETTING WILL
REMAIN DOMINATE AS ONE
VIEWS THE PENINSULA
FROM AFAR. IN GENERAL,
DEVELOPMENT SHOULD
NOT BE LOCATED ABOVE
ELEVATION +100M ABOVE SEA
LEVEL.
03 ĐẢM BẢO RẰNG TỰ NHIÊN LUÔN LÀ CHỦ ĐẠO ENSURE NATURE IS DOMINANT
GIỚI HẠN SỰ PHÁT TRIỂN SAO CHO CHỈ NẰM Ở NHỮNG KHU VỰC THẤP DỌC THEO CÁC BÃI NƯỚC
LIMIT DEVELOPMENT TO A LOWER ZONE ALONG THE WATER’S EDGE

SIX SENSES SONEVA KIRI, THAILAND

ZONE FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
MERO BEACH PROJET, DOMINICA
CONCENTRATED DEVELOPMENT ZONES

KEEPING THE
WILD WATER
EDGE

COMPACTING
THE
DEVELOPMENT
ZONE
04 BẢO TỒN CẢNH QUANH DUYÊN HẢI TỰ NHIÊN PRESERVE THE NATIVE COASTAL LANDSCAPE
TẬP TRUNG SỰ PHÁT TRIỂN BÊN TRONG MỘT SỐ KHU VỰC CHUYÊN BIỆT DỌC THEO BỜ BIỂN
CONCENTRATE DEVELOPMENT WITHIN DISCRETE AREAS ALONG THE WATERFRONT

WHILE FAVOURING DEVELOPMENT

LOCATED ALONG THE LOWER
ELEVATIONS OF THE PENINSULA,
THIS SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO
CREATE A CONTINUOUS BAND OF
DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE WATER’S
EDGE. INSTEAD, DEVELOPMENT
SHOULD BE CONCENTRATED AND
CONCEALED WITHIN THE NATURAL
BAYS AND VALLEYS OF THE LOWER
AREAS OF THE PENINSULA. THE
GREEN MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPE
SHOULD REMAIN COMPLETELY
INTACT AND DIRECTLY ENGAGED
WITH THE WATERFRONT IN MOST
PLACES. THIS IS PARTICULARLY
IMPORTANT IN AREAS WHERE THE
LAND PROJECTS OUT INTO THE SEA.

EL-NIDO RESORT, PHILLIPINES

 05 SÔI ĐỘNG HÓA KHU VỰC CẢNG ENLIVEN THE PORT AND HARBOUR AREAS
TẠO NÊN MỘT ĐIỂM ĐẾN THU HÚT CŨNG NHƯ MỘT TRUNG TÂM NĂNG ĐỘNG DỌC THEO PHÍA THÀNH PHỐ CỦA BÁN ĐẢO
CREATE A DESTINATION AND ACTIVE CENTRE ALONG THE CITY EDGE OF THE PENINSULA

IN CERTAIN PLACES ALONG

THE WATER’S EDGE, AND
PARTICULARLY ALONG
THE WESTERN EDGE OF
THE PENINSULA, NEAR THE
PORT, VIBRANT URBAN
DESTINATIONS SHOULD
BE CREATED TO BRING
LIFE AND ACTIVITY TO
SON TRA. THESE AREAS
SHOULD PROVIDE URBAN
WATERFRONT PROMENADES
FILLED WITH CAFES AND
RESTAURANTS, AND PROVIDE
CENTRES FOR NIGHTLIFE
AND ENTERTAINMENT FOR
RESIDENTS AND VISITORS
ALIKE.

RAMBLA DEL MAR, BARCELONA

HAFENCITY, HAMBURG
 06 TÍCH HỢP PHÁT TRIỂN VÀO BÊN TRONG TỰ NHIÊN INTEGRATE DEVELOPMENT WITHIN NATURE
ẨN CÁC CÔNG TRÌNH XÂY DỰNG NHÂN TẠO VÀO ĐỊA HÌNH TỰ NHIÊN VỐN CÓ
CONCEAL BUILT INTERVENTIONS WITHIN THE EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY

DEVELOPMENT MUST BE
INTEGRATED WITHIN THE
LANDSCAPE AND LOCATED
WHERE THERE IS ONLY
MINIMAL VISUAL IMPACT
ON THE NATURAL SETTING.
DEVELOPMENT IN VALLEYS
AND LOWER DEPRESSIONS
IN THE TOPOGRAPHY IS
PREFERRED. DEVELOPMENT
ON PROMINENT HILLTOPS
AND VANTAGE POINTS MUST
BE PROHIBITED.

ALILA VILLAS ULUWATU, INDONESIA

CONCENTRATE DEVLOPMENT IN VALLEYS FORBID DEVELOPMENT ON PROMINENT HILLTOPS
DEVELOPMENTS MERGING WITH NATURE
08 GIẢM THIỂU TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC PHƯƠNG TIỆN GIAO THÔNG
MINIMISE THE IMPACT OF VEHICLES

HẠN CHẾ TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA VIỆC XÂY DỰNG CÁC CON ĐƯỜNG MỚI CẮT NGANG VÀO NHỮNG CẢNH QUAN ĐỊA HÌNH SẴN CÓ
DIMINISH THE EFFECT OF NEW ROADS CUT INTO THE EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY

AS NEW DEVELOPMENTS COME TO FURTHER DIMINISH THE IMPACT

TO SON TRA PENINSULA, THE
NEED TO PROVIDE CONVENIENT
ACCESS AND SERVICE ROADS
WILL STRONGLY IMPACT THE
NATURAL BEAUTY OF THE LOCAL
SETTING. EXTREME CARE MUST BE
TAKEN IN THE PLANNING, DESIGN
AND CONSTRUCTION OF NEW
OR IMPROVED ROADS IN ORDER
TO MINIMISE THEIR VISUAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT. ROADS
SHALL FOLLOW THE EXISTING
TOPOGRAPHY TO THE GREATEST
EXTENT POSSIBLE AND LARGE
AREAS OF CUT AND FILL MUST BE
AVOIDED. NEW AND IMPROVED
ROADS SHALL BE HEAVILY
LANDSCAPED TO FURTHER
INTEGRATE THEM INTO THE GREEN
CHARACTER OF SON TRA.
OF NEW ROADS, A LARGER ‘PARK
AND RIDE’ STRATEGY SHOULD BE
DEVELOPED FOR THE PENINSULA.
SUCH A PLAN COULD ESTABLISH
REMOTE PARKING AREAS FOR
TOURISTS AT THE KEY ENTRY
POINTS FROM THE CITY. FROM
HERE PEOPLE WOULD TRAVEL
PRIMARILY ON FOOT, BICYCLE OR
MOTORBIKE. FUTURE RESORTS
COULD ALSO PICK UP THEIR
RESPECTIVE TRAVELLERS IN
ELECTRIC-POWERED SHUTTLES OR
CARTS TO FURTHER DIMINISH THE
IMPACT OF VEHICLES.
 4 KẾ HOACH CHIẾN
LƯỢC MỚI PHÁT TRIỂN
EMERGING STRATEGIC PLAN
 PLANNED DEVELOPMENTS

INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTIAL RESORT

INSTITUTIONAL MIXED USE LINH UNG PAGODA
AREAS UNDER THREAT
CÁC KHU VỰC CÓ NGUY CƠ BỊ ĐE DỌA AREAS UNDER THREAT

943ha RESORT

150ha RESIDENTIAL

69ha INDUSTRIAL

12ha INFRASTRUCTURE

11ha CIVIC
 LEVELS OF DENSITY

CÁC KHU VỰC HIỆN ĐANG BỊ ĐE DỌA

CURRENT AREAS UNDER THREAT
 LEVELS OF DENSITY

CÔNG TRÌNH PHÁT TRIỂN TẬP TRUNG DỰ KIẾN

PROPOSED CONCENTRATED DEVELOPMENT
GRASSLAND & SHRUB EMERGING STRATEGIC PLAN
FOREST

VEGETATION DENSITY DEVELOPMENT ZONES

1ha AREA CLUSTER
PROPOSED CONCENTRATED DEVELOPMENT
CÔNG TRÌNH PHÁT TRIỂN TẬP TRUNG DỰ KIẾN PROPOSED CONCENTRATED DEVELOPMENT

267ha RESORT

150ha INDUSTRIAL

102ha RESIDENTIAL

41ha MIXED USE

12ha INFRASTRUCTURE

12ha 11ha CIVIC / OPEN SPACE

MẬT ĐỘ PHÁT TRIỂN DỰ KIẾN PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT DENSITIES

HIGH MEDIUM LOW VERY LOW

 LEVELS OF DENSITY

PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT DENSITIES

CÁC KHU VỰC CẢNH QUAN TỰ NHIÊN DỰ KIẾN CẦN ĐƯỢC BẢO VỆ
PROPOSED NATIVE LANDSCAPE PROTECTION AREAS
 PROPOSED NATIVE LANDSCAPE
PROTECTION AREAS
GRASSLAND & SHRUB
FOREST

FOREST REEF
1ha AREA CLUSTER
CURRENT ROAD SYSTEM

MAJOR ROAD SECONDARY ROAD

URBAN STREET ACCESS PATHS
HỆ THỐNG ĐƯỜNG BỘ HIỆN NAY CURRENT ROAD SYSTEM

URBAN STREET MAJOR ROAD ACCESS PATHS LOCAL PATHS

PROPOSED ACCESS STRATEGY

TRANSPORT NODES

MAJOR ROADS

URBAN STREETS

SECONDARY ROADS

ACCESS PATHS

LOCAL PATHS
CÁC TUYẾN ĐƯỜNG RA VÀO CHÍNH PRIMARY ACCESS ROUTES
CÁC TUYẾN ĐƯỜNG RA VÀO PHỤ SECONDARY ACCESS ROUTES

PATHS TRAILS WATER TAXIS

PROPOSED ACCESS STRATEGY

TRAILS

WATER TAXI ROUTES

 5 CÁC NGHIÊN CỨU
CHI TIẾT VỀ KHU VỰC
DETAILED AREA STUDIES
CÁC NGHIÊN CỨU CHI TIẾT VỀ KHU VỰC DETAILED AREA STUDIES

01 EAST: SEA OVERLOOK

02 WEST: PORT CITY EDGE

03 NORTHWEST: DANANG BAY OVERLOOK

04 NORTH: OPEN SEA OUTLOOK

05 EAST: ISLAND PROMINATORY

 03

04

05
02

01

N
 01 EAST SEA OVERLOOK

N
CORAL REEF GREEN LINK /
BEACH PIER WATER ROUTE TRAIL WATER ACTIVITIES
PROTECTED AREA WATERCOURSE
 SON TRA


ŏ
OVERLOOK
01 SOUTH
A sqm ha
RESORT LOW DENSITY 29,675.63 2.97
RESORT HIGH DENSITY 58,225.27 5.82
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 96,267.02 9.63
18.42
B
RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY 62,218.12 6.22
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 67,178.29 6.72
RESORT HIGH DENSITY 6,191.25 0.62
MIXED USE 12,480.88 1.25
14.81
C PUNTA DEL ESTE
MIXED USE 165631.96 16.56
RESDIENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 69219.829 6.92
OPEN SPACE 11550.153 1.16
24.64
D
RESORT LOW DENSITY 25,667.22 2.57
RESORT HIGH DENSITY 108,886.85 10.89
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 26,101.89 2.61
MIXED USE 53,754.35 5.38
CIVIC 107,518.96 10.75
OPEN SPACE 18012.008 1.80
33.99
E
RESORT LOW DENSITY 111,403.74 11.14
RESORT HIGH DENSITY 197,259.01 19.73
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 21,657.02 2.17
OPEN SPACE 8545.1917 0.85 NICE
MIXED USE 9667.7599 0.97
34.85
F
RESORT LOW DENSITY 228,139.12 22.81
RESORT HIGH DENSITY 90,904.53 9.09
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 15,051.81 1.51
MIXED USE 15,418.78 1.54
OPEN SPACE 11,459.73 1.15
36.10
TOTAL 01 162.81

02 WEST
A sqm ha
RESORT LOW DENSITY 63,713.54 6.37
RESORT HIGH DENSITY 110,193.28 11.02
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY 63,035.97 6.30
 02 PHÍA TÂY GÓC BẾN CẢNG CỦA THÀNH PHỐ
WEST: PORT CITY EDGE

N
CORAL REEF
PROTECTED AREA

BEACH

PIER

WATER ROUTE

TRAIL

GREEN LINK /
WATERCOURSE

MIXED USE DENSITY

PUBLIC SPACE
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY
RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY
RESORT HIGH DENSITY
RESORT LOW DENSITY
 03 PHÍA TÂY BẮC VỊNH ĐÀ NẴNG NHÌN TỪ TRÊN CAO
NORTHWEST: DANANG BAY OVERLOOK

N
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY
RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY
RESORT HIGH DENSITY
RESORT LOW DENSITY

BEACH

PIER

WATER ROUTE

TRAIL

GREEN LINK /
WATERCOURSE
 04 PHÍA BẮC HƯỚNG NHÌN RA BIẾN
NORTH: OPEN SEA OUTLOOK

N
RESORT LOW DENSITY BEACH PIER WATER ROUTE TRAIL GREEN LINK /
WATERCOURSE
CITY
 05 PHÍA ĐÔNG PHẦN ĐẢO HƯỚNG RA BIỂN
EAST: ISLAND PROMINATORY

N
 MIXED USE DENSITY
PUBLIC AMENITY
PUBLIC SPACE
RESIDENTIAL HIGH DENSITY
RESORT HIGH DENSITY
RESORT LOW DENSITY

CORAL REEF
PROTECTED AREA

BEACH

PIER

WATER ROUTE

TRAIL

GREEN LINK /
WATERCOURSE
SUMMARY / NEXT STEPS
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRESERVATION OF THE NATURAL SETTING-

GUIDELINES TO DIRECT FUTURE GROWTH AND INVESTMENT-

DRAFT POLICY TO HELP MANAGE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT-

DESIGN REVIEW AND CRITIQUE OF FUTURE / EMERGING PROPOSALS-

BẢO TỒN “SƠN ĐẢO” CỦA ĐÀ NẴNG
PRESERVING DA NANG’S ‘MOUNTAIN ISLAND’

CÁC NGUYÊN TẮC CƠ BẢN CHO VIỆC BẢO VỆ MỘT TÀI

PRINCIPLES FOR PROTECTING A NATIONAL RESOURCE
BÁN ĐẢO SƠN TRÀ, VIỆT NAM NGUYÊN QUỐC GIA
SON TRA PENINSULA, VIETNAM