15.

Know How to Make Mistakes

We all know that it is impossible to learn without making mistakes, and doing often means
making mistakes. A child cannot learn to walk if he is punished for falling. You cannot learn
to swim unless you get into the water. You cannot learn to fly a plane by reading a book or
listening to lectures. Yet our school system teaches by reading, lectures, and punishing
people who make mistakes.
The following picture is the Cone of Learning. It explains the best ways that we
learn.

Cone of Learning
After 2 weeks we
tend to remember Nature of Involvement

Doing the Real Thing

90% of what we say

and do
Simulating the
Real Experience
/ -.
4
""" (
Doing a Active
\, Dramatic Presentation

70% of what we say

\
Giving a Talk

Participating in a Discussion

"'" I
/ -3
-.

\ /
Seeing it Done on Location

Watching a Demonstration

50% of what we hear

and see
, Looking at an Exhibit I
Watching a Demonstration
Passive
,
Watching a Movie

30% of what we see Looking at Pictures

20% of what we hear Hearing Words

"""

-2
1 0% of what we read Reading

"""

-1
Source: Cone of Learning adapted from Dale, (1969)

At the bottom of the learning cone is reading, which is 10 percent retention rate.
N ext is hearing words or listening to a lecture, which has a 20 percent retention rate.
Participating in a discussion is called cheating, especially at test time.

© 2009 Robert T. Kiyosaki. All rights reserved. No publication or use without the prior written 200
permission of publisher, Hachette Book Group www HachetteBookGroup com

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