Synopsis

on

Energy from the busy road

(Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Award of Degree )

Bachelor of Technology
(Electronic & inst. Engg.)

2007-2011

Under the Guidance of: Submitted by :

Mr. Anand kr. jha Abhishek kr. verma(077001)
Sudhir kr.chauhan(L-08-706)
Ujjwal(077054)

Department of Electronics & inst. Engineering

Apeejay College of Engineering.
Maharishi Dayanand University,
Rohtak (Haryana)

INDEX
1
1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………….3

2. COMPONENT USED………………………………………...4

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM…………………………………….…5-6

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM……………………………….………..7

5. FUTURE PROSPECTIVES………………………….……….9

6. CONCLUSION……………………………………………….10

7. REFERENCES……………………………………………….11

2
 INTRODUCTION

MAIN THEME OF THIS PROJECT

NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY GENERATION

CONCEPT:

MECHANICAL TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

LOGIC:

USE DYANMO AS A SPEED BRAKER , One rod with the dynamo is placed like a speed

breaker. Dynamo is so powerful. Movement of vehicle just rotate the dynamo shaft and

electricity is generated. This voltage is to be stored in the chargeable battery.

In the night lights are automatic on with the help of photovoltaic switch logic.

But all lights are not on, only half light are on. Other half lights switch on automatically when

any vehicle move on the bridge, when there is no vehicle on the bridge then lights are off

automatically.

We use two infra red sensor’s to check the movement of vehicle. When first infra red sensor

is on then lights are on and when second sensor is interrupt then lights are off.

3
COMPONENTS USED:

89S51 MICROCONTROLLER.

PHOTODIODE( 2)5MM

INFRA RED LED (2) 5MM

7805 REGULATOR ( 5 VOLT)

CRYSTAL ( 12 MHZ) CONNECTED TO PIN NO 18 AND 19

27 PF ( 2_) GROUNDED FROM CRYSTAL

RESISTANCE:

10K OHM (3)

470 OHM(2)

270 OHM (6)

1 K OHM (1)

LDR FOR AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT

NPN BC 548 FOR LDR SWITCHING

REQUIREMENT OF PCB

12 VOLT DYANMO

6 VOLT CHARGEBALE BATTERY

CHANGOVER SWITCH

L.E.D ( 6 ) FOR STREET LIGHT

4
;BLOCK DIAGRAM

5
CIRCUIT WORKING.

In this project we use 89s51 controller , family member of the 8051 family.. supply voltage of

the microcontroller is 5 volt dc . for this purpose we convert the battery voltage into 5 volt dc

with the help of the 5 volt regulator circuit. For this purpose we use ic 7805 regulator to

regulate the high voltage into 5 volt dc. One capacitor is ground from the regulator for

filtration . Capacitor reduces the noise . Output of the regulator is connected to the pin no

40 of the controller directly. One crystal is connected to the pin no 18 and 19 of the controller

to provide a oscillation signal. For this purpose we use 12 MHz crystal. Two capacitor are

grounded from the crystal to reduce the noise In this project we use two logic. One is light

sensitive logic and second is road sensor logic. When sensor is in dark then all the lights are

on and when sensor is in light then all the lights are off. This is done by the light sensor

( LDR). LDR is a light dependent resistor , when light fall on the ldr then ldr offers a low

resistance and when ldr is in dark then ldr offers a high resistance. Here in this project we use

the ldr with npn transistor circuit. Emitter of the npn transistor is connected to the ground

and collector is connected to the pin no 3 of the controller.

when ldr is in light then there is low positive on the base of the npn transistor and collector

is become more negative. When ldr is in dark then there is no base voltage and hence

collector become more positive. Microcontroller sense this change of voltage and switch on

the output led which is connected to the port 0,

6
 From dyanmo

7805
470 ohm 10mfd
chargebale battery 1000MFD

+6v L.E.D 40
9

10k 270E
2
26
+
270E

10K 1K 25

074

edoi d.P
10k 270E
100 1 24

del der arf nI

NPN 89S51 270E

23
LDR

7
270E
CIRCUIT DIGRAM

3
22
270E
27 pf
18 21

edoi d.P
100 ohm 10k 12 MHz
19

del der arf nI

27 pf 20
led’s are connected with the port 0 through the resistance in series, here in this

we use 6 l.e.d . Common point of the l.e.d is connected with the positive line.

Out of 6 only three l.e.d’s are on .

Our second part of this project is infra red sensor. In this logic when any car

cross the first ir sensor then all the led are on and if the traffic continuous then

led are on if the no car on the road then again three led are eon and three are

off

For this purpose we use two IR sensor circuit with this project.

here in this project we use infra red sensor and one photodiode circuit when

light fall on the photosensor then resistance of photos sensor become low and

hence negative voltage is applied to the controller, when any car cross the

photodiode and then photo diode resistance become high and hence signal is

change on the pin no 2 of the controller. As the controller sense this change of

signal on pin then all the light are on .

8
FUTURE PROSPECTIVES

- Low Budget electricity production.

- No obstruction to traffic.

- Less floor area

- maintenance is very easy

- multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc can make use of this system.

- It can be used for Charging batteries and using them to light up the streets,etc.

9
CONCLUSION

The principle involved is POTENTIAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

CONVERSION. There is a system to generate power by converting the potential energy
generated by a vehicle going up on a speed breaker into kinetic energy. When the vehicle
moves over the inclined plates, it gains height resulting in increase in potential energy,
which is wasted in a conventional rumble strip. When the breaker comes down, they crank
a lever fitted to a ratchet-wheel type mechanism (a angular motion converter) which in
turn rotates a geared shaft loaded with recoil springs. The output of this shaft is coupled to a
dynamo to convert kinetic energy into electricity.

10
REFERENCES

http://www.seminarprojects.com

http://shubhamparey.blogspot.com

http://www.aarewah.com

http://cr4.globalspec.com

wikkipedia

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