Drug Study: Medication Indication Contraindicati0N Side Effects Use Caution in

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G.
Tamayo Medical University

Sto. Nño, Biñan, Laguna
College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION ACTION
INDICATION CONTRAINDICATI0N SIDE EFFECTS CONSIDERATIONS
Brand Name: Inhibits histamine Used in the Hypersensitivity, Cardiac ►Use caution in
►Zantac at H2 receptor site management of History of acute porphyria, arrhythmias, presence of renal or
in the gastric various Long term therapy Bradycardia, hepatic impairment.
Generic Name: parietal cells, gastrointestinal (GI) Headache, ►May be given with or
►Ranitidine which inhibits disorders such as Sondolence, without meals.
gastric acid dyspepsia, Fatigue, ►Give antacids one
Classification: secretion. gastroesophagal Dizziness, hour before of one hour
► Gastrointestinal / reflux disease Hallucinations, after this drug.
Hepatobillary Drug (GERD), peptic ulcer Depression, ►Avoid excessive
and Zollinger-Ellison Insomnia alcohol.
Dosage/Frequency: syndrome. ►Allow one hour
► 150 mg BID or 300 mg between any antacids (if
at bedtime for 4 weeks approved by physician)
and ranitidine.
Route:
►PO
University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University
College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATI0N SIDE EFFECTS
ACTION CONSIDERATIONS
Brand Name: Stimulates both Treatment and Angleclosure glaucoma, Cardiac ►Obtain patient’s
►Hizon Epinephrine alpha and beta- prophylaxis of Shock (other than arrhythmias, history, including drug
receptors with transitory anaphylactic), Excessive history and any known
Generic Name: sympathetic antrioventricular Organic heart and brain hypertension, allergies.
►Epinephrine nervous system heart-block. disease, Palpitations, ►Monitor blood
that relaxes Treatment of Adam- Cardiac dilation, Dysrithmias, pressure, pulse,
Classification: bronchial smooth Strokes syndrome. Arrhythmias, Anginal pain in respiration and urinary
►Cardiovascular Drug muscle. Treatment of hay Coronary insufficiency, predisposed output and observe
fever. Cerebral arteiosclerosis patients, patient closely following
Dosage/Frequency: Relief of bronchial Flushing IV administration.
► 0.2-1 ml of the 1:1000 asthma.
solution q 4 hr Treatment of
syncope caused by
Route: heart block or carotid
►SC or IM sinus
hypersensitivity.
College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION ACTION
Brand Name: Facilitates/potentiates Tablet: Symptomatic Pregnancy (category D), Blurred vision, ►Obtain history of
►Valium the inhibitory activity relief of anxiety, Hypersensitivity, Paradoxical patients underlying
of GABA at limbic agitation, tension Dependence in other reactions, condition before therapy
Generic Name: system and reticular due to substance including Dependence, and reassess regularly
►Diazepam formation to reduce psychoneurotic alcohol, except in Withdrawal thereafter.
anxiety, promote states and transient management of acute symptoms ►Monitor signs of
Classification: calmness and sleep. situational withdrawal reactions, anxiety.
►Central Nervous disturbances, Severe hypercapnia ►Monitor vital signs:
System Drug adjunct in major BP, CR, and RR. Hold
mental and organic drug if BP drops
Dosage/Frequency: disorders; relief of 20mmHg and monitor
►5-20 mg daily reflex muscle, respirations every 5-15
spasm due to spinal minutes if drug is given
Route: and supraspinal IV.
►PO interneurons.
College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Inhibits calcium ion Treatment of Hypersensitivity, Dizziness, ►Asses potential for
►Calcibloc influx across cell vasospatic Cardiovascular shock, Flishing, interactions with other
membrane during (Printzmetal’s or Combination with Headache, pharmacological agents
Generic Name: cardiac variant) angina, rifampicin, Hypotension, or herbal products
►Nifedipine depolarization, Chronic stable Immediate release Peripheral edema, patient is taking that may
produces angina, nifedipine contraindicated Tachycardia, increase risk for
Classification: relaxation of Hypertension in stable angina and after Palpitations hypotension and toxicity.
►Cardiovascular Drug coronary vascular (sustained-release recent MI, severe aortic ►Monitor blood pressure
smooth muscle tablets only) stenosis, severe and pulse rate before
Dosage/Frequency: and peripheral hypotension with systolic therapy during close
►10-15 mg BID-TID vascular smooth pressure of <90mmHg, titration, and periodically
muscle and dilates decompensated heart during therapy.
Route: coronary vascular failure, ►Take with non fatty
►PO arteries, increases Pregnancy and lactation food.
myocardial oxygen ►Avoid alcohol, caffeine
delivery in patients and grapefruit juice.
with vasospatic
angina.

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Inhibits breakdown Treatment and Hypersensitivity. Patient Gastrointestinal ►Assess patient’s
► Hemostan of fibrin clots. It prophylaxis of with active intravascular disturbances. history, if with active
acts primarily by hemorrhage clotting because of the rick Hypotension, intravascular clotting,
Generic Name: blocking the associated with of thrombosis. Severe renal particularly after predisposed to
► Tranexamic Acid binding of plasmin excessive insufficiency. Patients with rapid IV thrombosis; hemorrhage
to fibrin; direct fibrinolysis. microscopic hematuria. administration. due to disseminated
Classification: inhibition of Prophylaxis of Thrombotic intravascular coagulation.
► Hemostatic Drug plasmin occurs hereditary omplications have ►Monitor anticoagulant
only to a limited angioedema. been reported. cover.
Dosage/Frequency: degree. Instances of ►Perform eye
►25mg- 50mg BID/TID transient examination.
disturbance of ►Perform liver function
Route: colour vision tests.
► PO associated with its ►Perform blood tests.
use ►Obtain prothrombin
time of the patient.

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Inhibits sodium and Treatment of edema Hypersensitivity to sulfony Orthostatic ►Assess patient’s
► Furosemide chloride associated with lureas; anuria hypotension, underlying condition
reabsortion at the congestive heart thromboplebitis, before starting therapy.
Generic Name: proximal tubules, failure (CHF) hepatic chronic aortitis, ►Monitor for renal,
► Furosemide distal tubules and cirrhocis, and , renal vertigo, fever, cardiac, neurologic, GI,
ascending loop of disease, headache, pulmonary manifestation
Classification: Henley leading to hypertension dizziness, of hypokalemia.
► Dueretic/ excertion of water parethesia, ►Monitor for CV, GI,
Antihypertensive Drug together with sensitivity, neurologic manifestations
sodium, chloride restlessness, for hyponatremia.
Dosage/Frequency: and potassium. photo- uticaria, ►Monitor for neurologic,
►40mg BID Diuretic/ pruritis, necrotizing respiratory
antihypertensive anginitis, exfolative manifestations for
Route: dermatitis, hyperchloremia.
► PO erythema ►Assess fluid volume
multiforme, rash, status.
occasionally, local ►Assess patient for
irritation and pain tinnitus hearing loss, ear
with parenteral pain.
use. ►Assess the pt’s and
family’s knowledge of
drug therapy.

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION ACTION
Brand Name: Dopamine Gastrointestinal (GI) Phaechromocytoma. Sedation, ►Assess patient’s GI

► Plasil antagonist that motility disturbances. Patients in whom increased restlessness, complaints.
acts by increasing Nausea and vomiting gastrointesnial motility lassitude, fatigue, ►Frequently monitor
Generic Name: receptor sensitivity of central and might be dangerous eg. diarrhea, blood pressure of
► Metoclopramide and response of peripheral origin presence of GI insomnia, patients taking IV form of
upper GIT tissues associated w/ hemorrhage, mechanical headache, drug
to acetylcholine. surgery, metabolic obstruction or perforation. dizziness, nausea, ►Monitor for possible
Classification: This causes diseases and drug Hypersensitivity or extra pyramidal drug induced adverse
►Prokinetic Drugs/ contraction of induced. Radiological intolerance to drug effects, tardive reactions (CNS, CV, GI,
Antiflatulents gastric smooth procedures of GIT. lactation. Children. Patients dyskinesia, Hematologic, Skin, etc)
muscles, relaxation Control of post- with breast cancer should parkinsonism, ►Monitor for and
Dosage/Frequency: of the pyloric operative vomiting be with held following gut drowsiness and immediately report
►10mg TID sphincter and and to assist in surgery. Epileptics or bowel upset, occurrence of extra
increased intestinal intubation. patients on drugs likely to somnolence, pyramidal symptoms and
Route: peristalsis without cause extra pyramidal nervousness, tardive dyskinesia
► PO stimulating gastric, symptoms (EPS) dystonic reactions, especially in elderly
biliary and increased pituitart patients.
pancreatic prolactin release
secretions. It also gynecomastia,
produces sedation galactorrhea, and
and induces menstrual
release of prolactin disorders.

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION ACTION
INDICATION CONTRAINDICATI0N SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATIONS
Brand Name: Suppresses Replacement Hypersensitivity to drug, CNS: headache, ►Do not confuse
►Solu-cortef inflammatory and Therapy in alcohol,bisulfites or nervousness, hydrocortisone with
immune adrenocortical tartrazine depression, hydrocodone.
Generic Name: euphoria ►Check label of
responses, mainly insufficiency Systemic fungal infections
EENT: cataracts,
► Hydrrocortisone by inhibiting Hyperglycemia due Concurrent use of other parenteral
glaucoma, increased
migration of to cancer immunosuppressant intraocular pressure,
hydrocortisone because
Classification: leukocytes and Arthritis Corticosteroids epistaxis IM and IV preparations
► Hormones and phagocytes and Collagen diseases Concurrent administration GI: nausea, are not necessarily
Related Drug decreasing Dermatologic of live-virus vaccines vomiting, interchangeable.
inflammatory diseases esophageal ►Assess blood glucose
Dosage/Frequency: mediators. Autoimmune and candidiasis or ulcer, levels in diabetic
►30 mg 2x a day 1 tab Hematologic disorder abdominal distention patients. Expect to
Trichinosis Respiratory: cough, increase insulin or oral
Route: Ulcerative colitis wheezing, rebound hypoglycemic dosage
► PO congestion ►Urge patient to
Multiple sclerosis
Skin: rash, pruritus,
Protitis immediately report
urticaria, acne,
Nephritic syndrome bruising, straie,
unusual weight gain,
Aspiration petechiae, face or leg swelling,
pneumonia acneiform lesions, vomiting of blood,
skin fragility and irregular menstrual cycle,
thinnes prolonged sore throat,
Other: altered taste, epigastric burning
weight gain

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Competes with Allergy Lower respiratory disease Sedation ►Assess for allergy
►Antamin histamine for H1- Allergic rhinitis Newborn or premature Lassitude symptoms: rhinitis,
receptor site on Bronchial asthma infants Elation or pruritus, urticaria,
Generic Name: effector cells; Vasomotor rhinitis depression watering eyes, before
►Chlorpheniramine decrease allergic Dermatoses of Irritability and periodically during
response by allergic etiology, Paranoid treatment
Classification: blocking histamine urticaria psychosis ►Assess respiratory
►Antihistamines and Drug sensitization Delusion status and increase in
antiallergics Serum sickness Hallucination bronchial secretions,
Anaphylactic shock GIT disturbance wheezing, chest
Dosage/Frequency: Insect bites Headache tightness
►1 tablet 3x / day Tinnitus ►Monitor input-output
Difficulty in ratio: be alert for urinary
Route: micturation retention, dysuria,
► PO frequency

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Inhibits It is used mainly as the Sensitivity to aspirin or any Edema ►Assess for
►Diclofenac cyclooxygenase sodium salt for the non-steroidal anti- Water retention hypesensitivity or
(COX), an enzyme relief of pain and inflammatory drug (NSAID); Hypertension anaphylactic reaction:
Generic Name: needed for the inflammation in various soft contact lenses Congestive heart fever, skin rash, urticaria,
► Diclofenac biosynthesis of conditions. (ophthalmic). Administration failure ecchymosis,
prostaglandin, Musculoskeletal and of intravenous diclofenac is Headache thrombocytopenia and
Classification: subsequent joint disorder such as contraindicated. In patients Vertigo hematoma.
► Analgesics, muscle decrease in rheumatoid arthritis, with moderate or severe renal Drowsiness ►Assess renal status
relaxants and uricosurics prostaglandin result osteo arthritis. soft impairment, hypovolaemia or Dizziness before and during therapy
to the analgesic, anti tissue disorders such dehydration. Pregnancy (third Rash ►Assess patient for eye
Dosage/Frequency: pyretic and anti- as sprains and strains trimester or near delivery) Urticaria pain, inflammation,
►150 mg / day 1 tab inflammatory effects Pain condition: Diarrhea redness, swelling.
dysmenorrhea, renal Vomiting
Route: colic, acute gout. Abdominal pain
► PO dyspepsia

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Centrally acting Moderate to severe Hypersensitivity, acute Vasodilation; ►Assess patient’s
► Dolotral analgesic not pain. intoxication with alcohol, dizziness, vertigo, pain(location, type, character)
chemically related to hypnotics, centrally acting headache, before therapy & regularly
somnolence, thereafter to monitor
Generic Name: opioids but binds to analgesics, opioids, or
stimulation, anxiety, effectiveness of the drug(give
► Tramadol mu-opioids receptors psychotropic agents. confusions, before pain becomes
& inhibits reuptake of coordination extreme)
Classification: norepinephrine & disturbances, ►Assess hypersensitivity
► Analgesics, muscle serotonin euphoria, reactions; monitor CNS, I&O,
relaxants & uricosurics nervousness, sleep bowel pattern
disorders, seizures.
Dosage/Frequency: Pruritus, sweating,
►50-100mg/tab with 4-6 rash. Visual
hours interval (NOTE: disturbances, dry
mouth. Nausea,
should not exceed 400mg)
diarrhea, constipation,
vomiting, dyspepsia,
Route: abdominal pain,
► PO anorexia, flatulence,
urinary
retention/frequency,
menopausal
symptoms, increased
creatinine, proteinuria.
Decreased
hemoglobin, elevated
liver enzymes,
asthenia, hypertonia

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION ACTION
Brand Name: Increases supply of Prevents & long-term Acute myocardial infarction Transient Assess for pain: duration,
► Isordil Catapres oxygen to the heart treatment of angina- (MI); with low filling hypoxemia; time started, activity being
by dilating both the pectoris or post pressures, except in intensive headache; fall in performed, character,
Generic Name: arteries and the myocardial infarction care unit (ICU) with blood pressure; intensity. Monitor BP; pulse
► veins which supply (MI) angina. Treatment continuous haemodynamic reflex rise in pulse at baseline & during
Isosorbide the heart itself of severe congestive monitoring; left heart failure rate, dizziness & treatment.
dinitrate/mononitrate heart failure (CHF) in with low filling pressures; weakness, nausea Cardiac output, decreased
combination with sock; very low BP; circulatory and vomiting, (uses)
Classification: cardiac glycosides, collapse; hypertrophic transient skin Knowledge deficit
► Cardiovascular drug diuretics, angiotensin obstructive cardiomyopathy; disorders & allergic (teaching)
converting enzyme constrictive pericarditis; skin reactions may Give 1hr before or 2hrs
Dosage/Frequency: (ACE) inhibitors, pericardial tamponade; aortic sometimes occur. after meals with 8oz of
►Empty stomach w/ full arterial vaso dilators; stenosis; mitral stenosis; Rare: Paradoxical water.
glass of water 20-40mg/day pulmonary marked anemia; head trauma; nitrate effect and/or Sustained release tablets
or twice/day after meals hypertension cerebral hemorrhage; close marked paradoxical should not be chewed, or
angle glaucoma; bradycardia collapse crushed; tablet should be
Route: hyperthyroidism; concomitant with cardiac chewed thoroughly.
► PO therapy w/ sildenafil arrhythmias. Nitrate
headache erythema.
Increase in heart
rate at start of
treatment. Cerebral
ischemia. Headache
and dizziness

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Inhibits acetylcholine Administration prior to Hypersensitivity to Palpitations, ►Obtain patient’s history of
► Novaluzid Atropine at parasympathetic anesthesia to prevent anticholinergics; narrow-angle bradycardia, underlying condition &
neuro-effector secretions of glaucoma; adhesions tachycardia, reassess regularly
junction, blocking respiratory tract; to between iris and lens; orthostatic ►Monitor cardiac rate,
Generic Name:
hypotension, rhythm & character
► Atropine vagal effect on the control rhinorrhea; prostatic hypertrophy;
headache,
heart (SA node), treatment to obstructive uropathy; ►Monitor respiratory
nervousness,
Classification: exocrine glands, parkinsonism; myocardial ischemia; drowsiness, status: rate, rhythm,
► Antidotes smooth muscles & restoration of cardiac unstable cardiac status weakness, dizziness, cyanosis, wheezing,
urinary bladder. Drug rate & arterial caused by hemorrhage; confusion, insomnia, dyspnea, engorged neck
Dosage/Frequency: increases heart rate, pressurein some tachycardia, myasthenia, fever, excitability, veins
dries secretions, situations; treatment of gravis; pyloric or intestinal restlessness, tremor, ►Monitor allergic reactions
► Adult:0.4-0.6mg/46hr
decreases sweating peptic ulcers; obstruction asthma; allergic reactions, or hypersensitivity
Pedia:0.1-0.6mg/46hr urticaria, rash,
& salivation in low management of hyperthyroidism; renal reactions: rash, urticaria
depending on weight flushing, nasal ►Decreased cardiac
doses. Mydriallis hypersecretion, disease; hepatic disease;
congestion, altered output
(dilatation of the irritation or toxic megacolon; intestinal
Route: taste, xerostomia,
pupil) & cycloplegia inflammation of the atony or paralytic ileus nausea, vomiting,
► IV
(failure to stomach, intestines or dysphagia, heartburn,
accommodate for pancrease; treatment constipation, bloated
close vision) occur at of diarrhea; relief of feeling, paralytic ileus,
moderate doses. infant colic urinary hesitancy, and
Mobility of GI and retention, impotence,
GU systems are bronchospasm,
affected at high suppression of
doses lactation, decreased
sweating

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
MEDICATION ACTION
Brand Name: Buscopan acts  Acute GI  Myasthenia gravis  Xerostomia  Drug compatibility
►Buscopan by interfering  Biliary and  Megacolon  Tachycardia should be monitored
genitourinary spasm,  Hypersensitivity  Urinary closely in patients requiring
Generic Name:
with the
including biliary and  Parenteral: glaucoma, retention adjunctive therapy
► Hyoscine –N- transmission of renal colic hypertrophy, of the prostate  When
butylbromide nerve impulses  Parenterally w/ urinary retention, administered IV  Avoid driving &
by acetylcholine also as an aid in mechanical stenosis of GIT,  Visual operating
Classification: in the diagnostic and tachycardia accommodation machinery after
► Antispasmodics parasympathetic therapeutic disturbances parenteral

Dosage/Frequency:
nervous system preocedures, e.g. Dizziness administration
gastroduodenal,
► 10 mg 1-2 tabs TID-QID (specifically the endoscopy, radiology  Avoid strict heat
vomiting center).
Route:
► PO

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF NURSNG
Brand Name: Relaxes  Management of Hypersensitivity to  Nausea Administer to pregnant

► Phyllocontin bronchial asthma and COPD theophyllines or any  Vomiting patients only when clearly
 Relieve apnoea component of the product,  Abdominal
smooth muscle needed—neonatal
Generic Name: in neonates including ethylenediamine. pain
and pulmonary  Heart failure  Diarrhea
tachycardia,
►aminophylline
blood vessels;  Obstructive Use cautiously with cardiac  GERD jitteriness, and withdrawal
Classification: stimulates airway disease arrhythmias, acute  Insomnia apnea observed when
► Antiasthmatic central myocardial injury,  Headache mothers received xanthines
respiratory CHF, corpulmonale, severe  Anxiety up
Dosage/Frequency: hypertension, severe  Restlessness until delivery.
drive; increases
► 100 mg hypoxemia, renal or  Dizziness Caution patient not to chew
diaphragmatic hepatic  Tremor and or crush enteric-coated
contractility. disease,hyperthyroidism, palpitation timed-release forms.
Route:
► PO alcoholism, labor, lactation Give immediate-release,
liquid dosage forms with
food if GI effects occur.
Do not give timed-release
forms with food; these
should be given on an
empty
stomach 1 hr before or 2 hr
after meals.
Maintain adequate
hydration

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
MECHANISM OF
MEDICATION ACTION
INDICATION CONTRAINDICATI0N SIDE EFFECTS nursng considerations
Brand Name: Through the produce  Pyrexia of Nephropathy Hematological, skin  instruct patient to
► Aeknil analgesia by unknown origin and other allergic take
blocking pain  Fever and pain reactions with meals
Generic Name: impulse by inhibiting associated with  have a plenty of
►Paracetamol synthesis of common water
prostaglandin in cns childhood when taking this dru
Classification: that disorders
► Analgesics and synthesize pain  Tonsillitis
Antipyretics receptor to  Upper
stimulation respiratory tract
Dosage/Frequency: infectios post-
► Adult & childn ≥10 immunization
yr 2-3 mL, ≤10 yr 1-2 mL reactions
 After
Route: tonsillectomy
► IV and other
conditions

College of Nursing
DRUG STUDY
Submitted by:
Santiago, Alyssa Dawn A.
BSN 3H (8) / Group 32
Submitted to:
Mrs. Silgrid Villanueva, RN
August 14, 2010

Drug Study: Medication Indication Contraindicati0N Side Effects Use Caution in

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University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G.

Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

Brand Name: Dopamine Gastrointestinal (GI) Phaechromocytoma. Sedation, ►Assess patient’s GI

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

Brand Name: Relaxes  Management of Hypersensitivity to  Nausea Administer to pregnant

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

University of Perpetual Help- Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University

August 14, 2010

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