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MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

 ARCHES:
6 A structure, especially one of masonry, forming the curved, pointed,
or flat upper edge of an open space and supporting the weight above it,
as in a bridge or doorway

6The arch supports a vertical load primarily by

axial compression of its wedge-shaped voussoirs.

6A curved structural member spanning an opening. The wedge shaped

elements that make up an arch keep one another in place and
transform the vertical pressure of the structure above into lateral
pressure.
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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:

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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:

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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
KEY STONE:

A keystone is the wedge-shaped stone piece at

the apex of a masonry vault or arch, which is
the final piece placed during construction and
locks all the stones into position, allowing the
arch to bear weight.

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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
joussoirs:
6A wedge-shaped stone or brick that is used with
others to construct an arch or vault.
6Arch construction depends essentially on the
wedge. If a series of wedge-shaped blocks i.e.,
ones in which the upper edge is wider than the
lower edge³are set flank to flank in the
manner , the result is an arch. These blocks
are called voussoirs. Each voussoir must be
precisely cut so that it presses firmly against the
surface of neighboring blocks and conducts
loads uniformly. The central voussoir is called
the keystone.
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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
SPRINGER:

6The lowest stone in an arch.

6The bottom stone of an arch resting on

the impost.

6The point or place where the curve of

SPRINGER
an arch or vault begins.

6The Springer's usually have one or both

joints horizontal. The upper surface of
the Springer, against which the first
voussoir of the real arch starts, is said to
be skew backed.
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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
IMPOST:
6An impost is the topmost part of an
architectural column. Also called an
abacus, it is usually a flat piece of stone.
It can be carved or decorated.

IMPOST

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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
PIER:
A pier is a solid block of masonry
supporting an arch. They are
often made of stone, but those
serving as primary support for
large arches are usually made
of concrete.

PIER

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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
OUNDATION:
The foundation is a large stone that is set into the ground. The piers are
then built on top of it. It transfers the weight of the arch to the soil in the
ground.

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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
INTRADOS OR SOIT:
It is the under surface of an arch.
prown
The top section of a curved arch
Springing Line
A horizontal construction line denoting
the starting of the curve in curved
arches, or the bottom of a flat arch.
?aunch
The first few voussoirs up from the springing line. Ie it is the portion of
the arch situated centrally between the key and the skewbacks.
Extrados
A construction line denoting outer limit of the arch. It is used
in the setting out
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TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:

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TYPES OF ARCHES:

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TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

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TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP

TYPES OF ARCHES:

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TYPES OF ARCHES:

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 LINTELS:

A lintel is a horizontal structural

member, which is fixed over the
openings viz.., doors, windows
recesses etc. to support the structure
over the opening.
Lintels are usually rectangular in
shape and they afford facilities for
fixing the door and window frames,
wherever they are used. Lintels may
be made of several materials such as
wood, stone , brick, reinforced
concrete, rolled steel sections
embedded in the cement concrete
0OODEN LINTEL
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LINTELS:

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LINTELS:

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LINTELS:

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LINTELS:

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LINTELS:

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