To maximize the utility of renewable energy

sources, Mainly by using the solar energy, we can

charge a battery of 12v with automatic dusk to
dawn operation and easily understandable display
characteristics
 In today’s world, so many people are requiring
conserving and going green to over came the
cons of non renewable energy sources.

 By using renewable energy sources we can extent

the life of the planet for our youngsters and with
any luck , they can do the same for their kids
FEATURES:-
 It is an 8 bit controller with 20 pin package .

 It consists of 128bytes internal RAM and 2KB of

reprogrammable flash memory.
 It is also having 15 programmable I/O lines and
two 16-bit Timers/Counters with 6 interrupt
sources.
 It is also having on chip oscillator and
clock circuitry.
 When compared to other microcontroller circuit
complexity is reduced.
 It is having only two ports for I/O functions and external
memory access.
 In this circuit , the microcontroller plays a main role
with low voltage ,high performance.
 In this it interfaces with ADC , LCD , and
OPTOCOUPLER.
 It monitors the battery voltage with the help of ADC and
displays the values on the LCD.
 Three terminal positive voltage regulator

 Adequate heat sinking capability

 Internal short circuit current limiting

 It delivers constant 5v to the LCD to prevent it
from damages

 Voltage regulator delivers same voltage to Analog

to Digital Converter to read the battery status

 Capable of delivering 1Amp output current

 Solar panels contains the photo voltaic cells
which collects sun light and converts into
electricity

 a maximally efficient photovoltaic cell about

1/5m in diameter creates a current of
approximately 2 amps at 2 volts
 In this project we are using 10-40 wattage solar
panel to produce a peak voltage of 19v
 Wafer based crystalline silicon converts the light
energy into electricity
Features:-
 0v to 5v input range with single 5v power supply.

 TTL/MOS input/output compatible.

 Conversion time is 32µs.

 The system status and battery voltage can be
displayed on LCD.

 The LCD is used here in 4 bit mode to save

microcontroller pins.
 The 16*2 line LCD is used to display the status
of battery

 One line is used to show the status of load

whether it is connected or not and also to show
whether the battery is charging or not
 Optocoupler is nothing but opto isolator or photo
coupler
 Light waves are used to couple the input and
output electrical signals
 It is used to switch the rapid change of voltages
or light signals
 Optocoupler is capable to provide mega ohms of
resistance with out any contact
 In this project opto coupler is used to automatic
dusk to dawn operation

 It senses the voltage coming from solar panel

based on the voltage it switches the load or
charges the battery
 Mainly BJT’s are used for the amplification

 FET is more temperature stable than BJT

 MOSFET are more efficient switches when

compared with the BJT
 In this project we are using diodes to convert
bidirectional signal into unidirectional signals

 It operates as switch and for rectification to

charge the battery

 For better regulation the zener diode is used

 Micro controller is the heart of the circuit

 Micro controller reads the battery voltage by

using the ADC

 The battery status and load status is displayed by

using 16*2 LCD
 By introducing a stepper motor to rotate the solar
panel based on the sun

 By extending the circuit we can give the

electricity which is sufficient to home
requirements
 Through this project we can utilize the
renewable energy sources which are eco friendly
to the environment
 EFY magazine

 www.wikipedia.org.in

 www.datasheets.com

 Elecronic devices and circuit by LAL kishore