Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 1

This print-out should have 26 questions. (116 V)2

Multiple-choice questions may continue on =
841 Ω
the next column or page – find all choices = 16 W .
before answering. The due time is Central
time.

001 (part 1 of 3) 10 points 002 (part 2 of 3) 10 points

Three 24 W, 116 V lightbulbs are connected Find the potential difference across R1 .
across a 116 V power source. Correct answer: 77.3333 V.
Explanation:
The potential difference across R1 is

R3 ∆V 1 = I R1
∆V s
= ·R
R1 Req
116 V
116 V R2 = · (560.667 Ω)
841 Ω
= 77.3333 V .
Find the total power delivered to the three
bulbs.
Correct answer: 16 W. 003 (part 3 of 3) 10 points
Explanation: Find the potential difference across R2 .
Correct answer: 38.6667 V.
Let : P = 24 W , Explanation:
The potential difference across R2 and R3
∆V l = 116 V , and is
∆V s = 116 V .
The resistance of each if the three bulbs is ∆V 2 = ∆V s − ∆V 1
given by = 116 V − 77.3333 V
(∆V l )2 = 38.6667 V .
R=
P
(116 V)2
=
24 W
= 560.667 Ω . keywords:
As connected the parallel combination of R2
and R3 is in series with R1 . Thus, the equiva- 004 (part 1 of 8) 10 points
lent resistance of circuit is In the figure below consider the case where
µ ¶−1 switch S1 is closed and switch S2 is open.
1 1 c
Req = R1 + +
R2 R3 38 Ω
µ ¶−1 13 Ω
1 1
= 560.667 Ω + + a b
560.667 Ω 560.667 Ω S2
27 Ω
= 841 Ω . 49 Ω
The total power delivered is
57 V
(∆V s )2 d S1
Ptotal =
Req
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 2

Find the current in the path from a to c. R13 and R24 are parallel, so
Correct answer: 1.11765 A.
Explanation:
c 1 1 1 R24 + R13
= + =
R3 Rab R13 R24 R13 R24
R1
R13 R24
a Rab =
b R13 + R24
R2 S2
R4 (51 Ω) (76 Ω)
=
51 Ω + 76 Ω
EB = 30.5197 Ω .
d S1
a Rab b
Let : R1 = 13 Ω ,
R2 = 27 Ω , EB
R3 = 38 Ω ,
R4 = 49 Ω , and R1 and R3 are in series, so
EB = 57 V .
Redrawing the figure, we have EB 57 V
I1 = I13 = = = 1.11765 A .
R1 R3 R13 51 Ω
c
a b
005 (part 2 of 8) 10 points
R2 R4 Find the current in the path from a to d.
EB d Correct answer: 0.75 A.
Explanation:
R2 and R4 are in series, so
R1 and R3 are in series, so
EB 57 V
I2 = I24 = = = 0.75 A .
R24 76 Ω
R13 = R1 + R3
= 13 Ω + 38 Ω
006 (part 3 of 8) 10 points
= 51 Ω .
Find the current in the path from c to b.
R2 and R4 are in series, so Correct answer: 1.11765 A.
Explanation:
R1 and R3 are in series, so
R24 = R2 + R4
= 27 Ω + 49 Ω
I3 = I1 = 1.11765 A .
= 76 Ω .
Simplifying the circuit, we have
R13 007 (part 4 of 8) 10 points
Find the current in the path from d to b.
a b Correct answer: 0.75 A.
R24 Explanation:
R2 and R4 are in series, so
EB

I4 = I2 = 0.75 A .
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 3

a R12 R34 b
008 (part 5 of 8) 10 points
Now consider the case where switch S2 is also
closed, so EB
c
38 Ω
13 Ω
R12 and R34 are in series, so
a b
S2
27 Ω
49 Ω
Rab = R12 + R34
57 V = 8.775 Ω + 21.4023 Ω
d S1 = 30.1773 Ω .

Find the current in the path from a to c a Rab b

through the 13 Ω resistor.
Correct answer: 1.27497 A.
Explanation: EB
A good rule of thumb is to eliminate junc-
tions connected by zero resistance.
Switch S2 is closed, so R12 and R34 are in series, so
R1 R3
a c b I34 = I12 = Iab
R2 R4 EB
d =
Rab
EB 57 V
=
30.1773 Ω
= 1.88884 A .
When S2 is closed R1 and R2 are parallel,
so Since R1 and R2 are parallel,

V1 = V2 = V12
1 1 1 R2 + R 1 = I12 R12
= + =
R12 R1 R2 R1 R2 = (1.88884 A) (8.775 Ω)
R1 R2 = 16.5745 V .
R12 =
R1 + R 2
(13 Ω) (27 Ω) and
=
13 Ω + 27 Ω V1 16.5745 V
= 8.775 Ω . I1 = = = 1.27497 A .
R1 13 Ω

Also, R3 and R4 are parallel, so 009 (part 6 of 8) 10 points

Find the current in the path from a to d
through the 27 Ω resistor.
R3 R4 Correct answer: 0.613872 A.
R34 = Explanation:
R3 + R 4
(38 Ω) (49 Ω)
=
38 Ω + 49 Ω V2 16.5745 V
I2 = = = 0.613872 A .
= 21.4023 Ω . R2 27 Ω
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 4

010 (part 7 of 8) 10 points

Find the current in the path from c to b
through the 38 Ω resistor.
Correct answer: 1.06383 A.
Explanation:

V3 = V4 = V34
= I34 R34
= (1.88884 A) (21.4023 Ω)
= 40.4255 V . E
Circuit B

Compared to the individual bulbs in circuit

1, the individual bulbs in circuit 2 are
V3 40.4255 V
I3 = = = 1.06383 A . 1. more than 4 times brighter. correct
R3 38 Ω

2. the same brightness.

011 (part 8 of 8) 10 points
3. 4 times brighter.
Find the current in the path from d to b
through the 49 Ω resistor. 1
Correct answer: 0.825009 A. 4. as bright.
4
Explanation: 1
5. less than as bright.
4
Explanation:
V4 40.4255 V In circuit 1, the voltage across each light
I4 = = = 0.825009 A .
R4 49 Ω bulb is
E E
V =IR= R= ,
4R 4
so the power of each bulb in circuit 1 is
keywords: V2 E2
P1 = = .
R 16 R
012 (part 1 of 2) 10 points
In circuit 2, the voltage across each bulb is
Four identical light bulbs are connected ei- identical; namely E. Hence the power of each
ther in series (circuit 1) or parallel (circuit 2) bulb in circuit 2 is
to a constant voltage battery with negligible E2 1
internal resistance, as shown. P2 = = P1 .
R 16
We can see that the bulbs in circuit 2 are more
than 4 times brighter than the bulbs in circuit
1.
E
Circuit A
013 (part 2 of 2) 10 points
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 5

If one of the bulbs in circuit 2 is unscrewed = 3.8 Ω + 13.6 Ω + 20.7 Ω

and removed from its socket, the remaining 3 = 38.1 Ω ,
bulbs
so
1. are unaffected. correct
E = I Rtotal
2. go out. = (0.38 A) (38.1 Ω)
3. become brighter. = 14.478 V .

4. become dimmer.
015 (part 2 of 3) 10 points
Explanation:
What is the magnitude of the potential differ-
Since the bulbs are parallel, after one of
ence VY X across the terminals y and x of the
the bulbs is unscrewed, the voltage across
battery?
each remaining bulb is unchanged, and the
Correct answer: 13.034 V.
brightness is unaffected.
Explanation:
The potential difference across the termi-
keywords:
nals of the battery is
014 (part 1 of 3) 10 points VY X = E − I r
A battery with an internal resistance is con- = 14.478 V − (0.38 A) (3.8 Ω)
nected to two resistors in series. = 13.034 V ,
13.6 Ω 20.7 Ω
or

E VY X = I [R1 + R2 ]
0.38 A 3.8 Ω
= (0.38 A) (13.6 Ω + 20.7 Ω)
x internal y
resistance = 13.034 V .
What is the emf of the battery?
Correct answer: 14.478 V. Therefore, the magnitude of VY X is
Explanation: 13.034 V.
R1 R2
016 (part 3 of 3) 10 points
What power is dissipated by the internal re-
E sistance of the battery?
I r Correct answer: 0.54872 W.
x internal y Explanation:
resistance The power dissipated by the r = 3.8 Ω
internal resistance is
Let : R1 = 13.6 Ω ,
Pinternal = I 2 r
R2 = 20.7 Ω ,
= (0.38 A)2 (3.8 Ω)
r = 3.8 Ω , and
I = 0.38 A . = 0.54872 W .

The total resistance of the circuit is

Rtotal = r + R1 + R2 keywords:
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 6

Step 3: R1234 is in series with R5 and R6 , so

017 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
The following diagram shows part of an elec- Rs = R1234 + R5 + R6
trical circuit.
= 36 Ω + 26 Ω + 29 Ω
26 Ω 37 Ω
= 91 Ω .
A

Step 4: Finally, Rs is parallel with R7 , so

78 Ω

63 Ω

35 Ω
29 Ω 12 Ω 1 1 1 R7 + R 5
= + =
B Req Rs R7 R5 R7
Rs R7
Find the equivalent resistance Req between Req =
Rs + R 7
points A and B of the resistor network.
Correct answer: 42 Ω. (91 Ω) (78 Ω)
=
Explanation: 91 Ω + 78 Ω
R5 R2 = 42 Ω .
A
This problem presents 20 versions all with
integer answers.
R7

R4

R1

R6 R3
B keywords:

Let : R1 = 35 Ω , 018 (part 1 of 1) 10 points

R2 = 37 Ω ,
The resistance to the right of A0 B0 is the
R3 = 12 Ω , same as the resistance to the right of AB; that
R4 = 63 Ω , is, RAB = RA→0 B0 .
R5 = 26 Ω , A r A0 r r
R6 = 29 Ω , and
2r 2r 2r
R7 = 78 Ω .
Start from the right-hand side in determining B B0
the equivalent resistances. What is the resistance RAB between the
Step 1: R1 , R2 , and R3 are in series, so terminals A and B of this infinitely repeating
R123 = R1 + R2 + R3 chain of resistors.
= 35 Ω + 37 Ω + 12 Ω
2 r RAB
= 84 Ω . 1. RAB = r + ,
r + RAB
Step 2: R123 is now parallel with R4 , so 5
therefore RAB = r
1 1 1 R123 + R4 2
= + =
R1234 R4 R123 R123 R4 2 r RAB
2. RAB = r + ,
R123 R4 2 r + RAB
R1234 = therefore RAB = 2 r correct
R123 + R4
(84 Ω) (63 Ω)
= 3. RAB = r + 2 r − RAB ,
84 Ω + 63 Ω 3
= 36 Ω . therefore RAB = r
2
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 7

Explanation: E1
r1 r2

I1
Rseries = R1 + R2 + R3 + · · ·
a r3 b
A
1 1 1 1 I3
= + + +···
Rparallel R1 R2 R3
r4 E2 r5
The infinite chain can be redrawn as follows
A r A0 I2

2r RAB
Let : E1 = 22 V ,
E2 = 16 V ,
B B0
r1 = 3.5 Ω ,
1 2 r RAB r2 = 3.7 Ω ,
RAB = r + =r+ r3 = 3.5 Ω ,
1 1 RAB + 2 r
+
2 r RAB r4 = 4.7 Ω , and
r5 = 4.6 Ω .
(RAB − r) (RAB + 2 r) = 2 r RAB We consider
2
RAB − r RAB − 2 r 2 = 0 R1 = r1 + r2 = 3.5 Ω + 3.7 Ω = 7.2 Ω , and
R2 = r4 + r5 = 4.7 Ω + 4.6 Ω = 9.3 Ω .
p
r± r2 + 4 (2 r 2 ) r + 3r From the junction rule, I1 = I2 + I3 .
RAB = = = 2r .
2 2 Applying Kirchhoff’s loop rule, we obtain
two equations.

E1 − I 1 R1 − I 3 r 3 = 0
keywords:
E1 = I 1 R1 + I 3 r 3 (1)
019 (part 1 of 3) 10 points
E2 − I 3 r 3 + I 2 R2 = 0
Consider the circuit
22 V
3.5 Ω 3.7 Ω E2 = I 2 R2 − I 3 r 3
= (I1 − I3 ) R2 − I3 r3
I1
= I1 R2 − I3 (R2 + r3 ) , (2)
a 3.5 Ω b
A Multiplying Eq. (1) by R2 and Eq. (2) by
I3 −R1 and adding,
16 V
4.7 Ω 4.6 Ω E1 R2 = I 1 R1 R2 + I 3 r 3 R2 (3)
−E2 R1 = −I1 R1 R2 + I3 R1 (R2 + r3 ) (4)
I2
E1 R2 − E2 R1 = I3 [r3 R2 + R1 (R2 + r3 )] .
Find the current through the Amp meter,
I3 . Since
Correct answer: 0.716863 A. r3 R2 + R1 (R2 + r3 ) = (9.3 Ω) (3.5 Ω)
Explanation: +(7.2 Ω) (3.5 Ω + 9.3 Ω)
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 8

= 124.71 Ω , then Find the current through the 10.9 Ω resistor

E1 R2 − E 2 R1 and the 3.9 V battery at the top of the circuit.
I3 = (5) Correct answer: 1.40367 A.
r3 R2 + R1 (R2 + r3 )
(22 V) (9.3 Ω) − (16 V) (7.2 Ω) Explanation:
= E1
124.71 Ω R1
= 0.716863 A .
I1
020 (part 2 of 3) 10 points R2
I2
Find the current I1 .
Correct answer: 2.70708 A.
Explanation: E2
From Eq. 1 and I3 from Eq. 5, we have I3
E1 − I 3 r3
I1 =
R1
22 V − (0.716863 A) (3.5 Ω)
= Let : R1 = 10.9 Ω ,
7.2 Ω
= 2.70708 A . R2 = 21.2 Ω ,
E1 = 3.9 V , and
E2 = 11.4 V .
021 (part 3 of 3) 10 points
Find the current I2 . At nodes, we have
Correct answer: 1.99022 A.
Explanation: I1 − I 2 − I 3 = 0 . (1)
From Kirchhoff’s junction rule,
I2 = I 1 − I 3 Pay attention to the sign of the battery and
= 2.70708 A − 0.716863 A the direction of the current in the figure. Us-
ing the lower circuit in the figure, we get
= 1.99022 A .
E2 + I 2 R2 = 0 (2)
keywords:
so
022 (part 1 of 1) 10 points E2 −11.4 V
In this problem assume that the batteries I2 = − = = −0.537736 A .
R2 21.2 Ω
have zero internal resistance. The currents
are flowing in the direction indicated by the Then, for the upper circuit
arrows.
3.9 V E1 − I 2 R2 − I 1 R1 = 0 . (3)
10.9 Ω
E1 + E 2 − I 1 R1 = 0
I1

I2 21.2 Ω
E1 + E 2 3.9 V + 11.4 V
I1 = = = 1.40367 A .
R1 10.9 Ω
11.4 V
I3 Alternate Method: Using the outside
loop
−E1 − E2 + I1 R1 = 0 (4)
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 9
E1 + E 2 Using determinants,
I1 = .
R1
¯ ¯
¯ 0 1 −1 ¯¯
keywords: ¯
¯ E1 + E 2 0 RD ¯¯
¯
¯ E3 RC RD ¯
023 (part 1 of 3) 10 points I1 = ¯¯ ¯
¯ 1 1 −1 ¯¯
¯ RA + R B 0 RD ¯¯
9.1 Ω ¯
¯ 0 RC RD ¯
I3
3.7 V
6.4 Ω Expanding along the first row, the numera-
tor is
I2
2.8 V 6.7 V ¯
¯ 0 1
¯
−1 ¯¯
3.9 Ω 1Ω ¯
D1 = ¯¯ E1 + E2 0 RD ¯¯
I1 ¯ E3 RC RD ¯
Find the current I1 in the 1 Ω resistor at the ¯
¯ E1 + E 2 RD ¯
¯
bottom of the circuit between the two power = 0 − 1 ¯¯ ¯
E3 RD ¯
supplies. ¯ ¯
¯ E1 + E 2 0 ¯
Correct answer: 0.846412 A. + (−1) ¯¯ ¯
Explanation: E3 RC ¯
RD = − [(E1 + E2 ) RD − E3 RD ]
− [RC (E1 + E2 ) − 0]
I3 = RD (E3 − E1 − E2 ) − RC (E1 + E2 )
E3
RC
= (9.1 Ω) (3.7 V − 6.7 V − 2.8 V)
I2 −(6.4 Ω) (6.7 V + 2.8 V)
E2 E1 = −113.58 V Ω .
RB RA

I1 Expanding along the first column, the de-

At a junction (Conservation of Charge) nominator is
I1 + I 2 − I 3 = 0 . (1) ¯ ¯
¯ 1 1 −1 ¯
Kirchhoff’s law on the large outside loop gives ¯
D = ¯¯ RA + RB 0 RD ¯¯
¯

(RA + RB ) I1 + RD I3 = E1 + E2 . (2) ¯ 0 R C RD ¯
¯ ¯
Kirchhoff’s law on the right-hand small loop ¯ 0 RD ¯
= 1 ¯¯ ¯
gives RC RD ¯
RC I2 + R D I3 = E 3 . (3)
¯ ¯
¯ 1 −1 ¯
− (RA + RB ) ¯¯ ¯+0
RC RD ¯
Let : RA = 1 Ω, = 0 − RC RD − (RA + RB ) (RD + RC )
RB = 3.9 Ω , = (6.4 Ω) (9.1 Ω)
RC = 6.4 Ω , −(1 Ω + 3.9 Ω) (9.1 Ω + 6.4 Ω)
RD = 9.1 Ω , = −134.19 Ω2 , and
E1 = 6.7 V ,
E2 = 2.8 V , and D1 −113.58 V Ω
E3 = 3.7 V . I1 = = = 0.846412 A .
D −134.19 Ω2
 Felder, Jacob – Homework 8 – Due: Oct 31 2006, 9:00 pm – Inst: Vitaly 10

024 (part 2 of 3) 10 points

5 µF
Determine I2 . 1.1 MΩ
Correct answer: −0.258216 A.
Explanation:
Using determinants, 28 V
¯ ¯ S
¯
¯ 1 0 −1 ¯
¯
¯ RA + R B E1 + E 2 RD ¯
¯ ¯
¯ 0 E3 RD ¯
I2 = Find the charge on the capacitor 9 s after
D
the switch is closed.
Expanding the numerator along the first row, Correct answer: 0.000112744 C.
¯ ¯ Explanation:
¯
¯ 1 0 −1 ¯
¯
D2 = ¯ RA + RB E1 + E2 RD ¯¯
¯
¯ 0 E3 RD ¯ Let : R = 1.1 MΩ ,
¯ ¯
¯ E + E 2 RD ¯
= 1 ¯¯ 1 ¯−0 C = 5 µF ,
E3 RD ¯ E = 28 V , and
¯ ¯
¯ RA + R B E1 + E 2 ¯
+ (−1) ¯¯ ¯ T = 9 s.
0 E3 ¯
= RD (E1 + E2 ) − RD E3 When the switch is closed, the charge on the
− [E3 (RA + RB ) − 0] capacitor will rise exponentially:
= (9.1 Ω) (6.7 V + 2.8 V) − (9.1 Ω) (3.7 V) q = Q (1 − e−t/τ )
− (3.7 V) (1 Ω + 3.9 Ω) h i
= C E 1 − e−t/(R C)
= 34.65 V Ω , so
9 s
h i
= (5 µF) (28 V) 1 − e− (1.1 MΩ) (5 µF)

D2 34.65 V Ω = 0.000112744 C .
I2 = = = −0.258216 A .
D −134.19 Ω2

025 (part 3 of 3) 10 points keywords:

Determine I3 .
Correct answer: 0.588196 A.
Explanation:
Using equation (1)

I3 = I 1 + I 2
= 0.846412 A + (−0.258216 A)
= 0.588196 A .

keywords:

026 (part 1 of 1) 10 points

Consider a series RC circuit. The capacitor
is initially uncharged when the switch is open.