We will use the following assumptions

f c' = 250 Kg / cm 2 For all elements

f c' = 300 Kg / cm 2 For Columns
f y = 4200 Kg / cm 2
Concrete Cover = 7.5 cm in underground elements
Concrete Cover = 2.0 cm in ribs
Concrete Cover = 4.0 cm in other elements
γ Sand = 1.8 t / m3
γ PlainConcret = 2.4 t / m3
γ Reinforced Concrete = 2.5 t / m3
γ Plaster = 2.1 t / m3
qall gross = 20 Kg / cm 2
Plaster is 1.5 cm thick
Live Load = 200 kg / cm 2
D f = 1.5 m
Slab thickness calculations

Beam (rib) Kind Maximum Length (m) Minimum Thickness (cm)

Simply Supported 0.0 0 / 16 = 0

One-End Continuous 4.66 466 / 18.5 =25.2
Two-End Continuous 3.70 370 / 21 =17.6
Cantilever 1.77 177 / 8 = 22.2

Take thickness of slab 26 cm

20 cm block + 6 cm topping slab

1
Weight of 1 m2 of slab

Covering material weights :

Weight of Layer = Thickness × Unit Weight ton / m 2
Weight of plaster = 0.015 × 2.1 = 0.0315 ton / m 2
Weight of sand = 0.07 × 1.8 = 0.126 ton / m 2
Weight of mortar = 0.025 × 2.1 = 0.0525 ton / m 2
Weight of tiles = 0.025 × 2.1 = 0.0525 ton / m 2
Total weight = 0.2625 ton / m 2

Ribbed Slab Calculatio ns

Weight of block = 8 × 20 = 160 kg /1.04 m2
Volume of block = 8 × 0.2 × 0.25 × 0.4 = 0.16 m 3 /1.04 m2
Volume of (1.04) m 2 of slab = 1 × 1.04 × 0.26 = 0.2704 m3
Volume of concrete = 0.2704 - 0.16 = 0.1104 m3
Weight of concrete = 0.1104 × 2500 = 276 kg /1.04 m 2
Total weight of (1 × 1.04) m 2 = 276 + 160 = 436 kg /1.04 m 2
Weight of 1m 2 slab = 436/1.04 = 419.23 kg /m 2
OR
Ribbed Slab Calculations
Total volume = 0.52 × 0.25 × 0.26 = 0.0338 m 3
Volume of one hollow block = 0.4 × 0.25 × 0.20 = 0.02 m 3
Net concrete volume = 0.0338 - 0.02 = 0.0138 m 3
Weight of concrete = 0.0138 × 2.5 = 0.0345 ton
Weight of concrete/ m 2 = 0.0345 /(0.52 × 0.25) = 0.2654 ton/m 2
Weight of hollow blocks / m 2 = 20 /(0.52 × 0.25) = 153.85 ton/m 2
Weight of 1m 2 slab = 0.2654 + 0.15385 = 0.41925 ton/m 2

2
Weight of walls
For Block 10
Weight of blocks = 12.5 × 10 = 125 kg / m 2
Weight of plaster = 2 × 1 × 1 × 0.015 × 2100 = 63 kg / m 2
Total weight = 125 + 63 = 188 kg / m 2
W / m' = 188 × 3 = 564 kg / m'

For Block 15
Weight of blocks = 12.5 × 15 = 187.5 kg / m 2
Weight of plaster = 2 × 1 × 1 × 0.015 × 2100 = 63 kg / m 2
Total weight = 187.5 + 63 = 250.5 kg / m 2
W / m' = 250.5 × 3 = 751.5 kg / m'

For Block 20
Weight of blocks = 12.5 × 20 = 250 kg / m 2
Weight of plaster = 2 × 1 × 1 × 0.015 × 2100 = 63 kg / m 2
Total weight = 250 + 63 = 313 kg / m 2
W / m' = 313× 3 = 939 kg / m'

Partial partition Load Calculations

For block 10: 63 m
For block 15: 9 m
For block 20: 0 m
Weight of block = 63 × 564 + 9 × 751.5 = 42.3 ton
Total Area = 200.88 m 2
StairsArea = 9.83 m
42.3
Wblock / m 2 = = 0.221 t / m 2
200.88 − 9.83
Total Dead Load of 1 m² of Slab = 0.221+ 0.4193 + 0.2625 = 0.90 ton/m²

3
Ribs Design
Topping Slab Design

Wu = 1.4(0.06 × 2.5 + 0.221 + 0.2625) + 1.7(0.2) = 1.227 t / m 2

Wu l 2 1.227 × 0.4 2
Mu = = = 0.0164
12 12
3M u 3 × 0.0164 × 105
t= = = 1.86 cm < 6 cm ⇒ OK
φ b fc'
0 .9 × 100 × 250
As = 0.0018 × 100 × 6 = 1.08 cm 2
Use 4 φ 6 / m
Flexural design for rib 7- 3-1- C
wDead = 0.903 × 0.52 = 0.47 t / m'
wLive = 0.2 × 0.52 = 0.104 t / m'
PDead = 0.939 × 0.52 = 0.49 t @ Point C
d = 26 − 2 − 0.6 − 0.6 = 22.8 cm

Support 1
M u = 1.94 t.m
 
0.85 f c' 1 − 1 − 2.61× 10 × M max
5
ρ= 
fy  bd 2 f c' 
 
0.85 × 250  2.61× 105 × 1.94 
= 1− 1− = 0.009
4200  12 × 22.82 × 250 
As = ρbd = 0.009 × 12 × 22.8 = 2.5 cm2 → Use 1 φ 14 + 1 φ 12
S = 12 − 4 − 0.6 × 2 − 1.4 − 1.2 = 4.2 cm → OK

4
Support 3
M u = 1 t.m

0.85 f c' 2 .61 × 10 5
× M max 
ρ= 1 − 1 −
fy  bd 2 '
fc 
 
0.85 × 250  2.61 × 10 5 × 1 
= 1− 1− = 0.00443
4200  12 × 22.8 2 × 250 
As = ρbd = 0.00443 × 12 × 22.8 = 1.2 cm 2 → Use 2 φ 12
S = 12 − 4 − 0.6 × 2 − 2 × 1.2 = 4.4 cm → OK

Span 3 - 7
M u = 1.13 t.m
 
0.85 f c' 1 − 1 − 2.61× 10 × M max
5
ρ= 
fy  bd 2 '
fc 
 
0.85 × 250  2.61× 105 × 1.13 
= 1− 1− = 0.005
4200  12 × 22.82 × 250 
As = ρbd = 0.005 × 12 × 22.8 = 1.38 cm2 → Use 2 φ 12
S = 12 − 4 − 0.6 × 2 − 2 × 1.2 = 4.4 cm → OK
Shear Check

1.1 φ Vc = 1.1 × 0.85 × 0.53 × f c' × bd

1.1 × 0.85 × 0.53 × 250 × 12 × 22.8
1.1 φ Vc = = 2.14 ton
1000
Vmax @ C 7 = 1.42 @ the Center < 2.14 ⇒ OK
Vmax @ C 3 = 1.83 @ the Center < 2.14 ⇒ OK
Vmax @ C1 = 2.18 @ the Center → Vmax @ d = 1.73 < 2.14 → OK
Use 4 φ 6 / m

5
Beams Design
Weight carried by each main beam
Beam 1 - 2 - 3
Dead Load
From Ribs = (1.35 + 1.39) × 0.903 = 2.47 t / m'
From Own Weight = 0.75 × 0.26 × 1 × 2.5 + (0.221 + 0.2625) × 0.75 = 0.85 t / m'
From External wall = 0.939 kg / m'
Total DL = 4.26 t / m'
Live load = (1.35 + 0.75 + 1.39) × 0.2 = 0.7 t / m'
Flexural design for beam 1-2-3
Concrete cov er = 4 cm
b = 75 cm
h = 26 cm
φ stirrup = 0.8 cm
φ bars = 1.6 cm
d = 26 − 4 − 0.8 − 0.8 = 20.4 cm
Span 1 − 2

M max = 11 .4 t .m

 
0 .85 f c'  1 − 1 − 2 . 61 × 10 × M max
5
ρ = 
fy  bd 2
f ' 
 c 

0 .85 × 250  
 1 − 1 − 2 .61 × 10 × 11 . 4
5
=  = 0 .0177
4200  75 × 20 .4 2 × 250 
 
As = ρbd = 0 . 0107 × 75 × 20 .4 = 16 .5 cm 2 → Use 9 φ 16

75 − 8 − 0 .8 × 2 − 9 × 1 .6
S = = 6 .4 cm → OK
9 −1

6
Support 2

M max = 18.57 t.m

0.85 f c'  2.61× 105 × M max 


ρ= 1− 1−
f y  bd 2 f c' 


0.85 × 250  2.61× 105 × 18.57 

= 1− 1− = 0.0195
4200  75 × 20.4 2 × 250 

As = ρbd = 0.0195 × 75 × 20.4 = 29.7 cm 2 → Use 15 φ 16

75 − 8 − 0.8 × 2 − 15 × 1.6
S= = 2.9 cm → OK
15 − 1

Span 2 − 3

M max = 10.36 t.m

0.85 f c'  2.61×105 × M max 

ρ= 1− 1−
f y  bd 2 f c' 

0.85 × 250  2.61×105 ×10.36 
= 1− 1− = 0.0097
4200   75 × 20.4 × 250 
2 

As = ρbd = 0.0097 × 75 × 20.4 = 14.8 cm2 → Use 8 φ 16

75 − 8 − 0.8 × 2 − 8 ×1.6
S= = 7.5 cm → OK
8 −1

7
 Shear design for beam 1-2-3

φ Vc = 0.85 × 0.53 × f c' × bd

0.85 × 0.53 × 250 × 75 × 20.4

φ Vc = = 10.9 ton
1000
Vmax @ C1 = 12.8 t @ the Center → Vmax = 10.5 t < 10.9 t

Vmax @ C 2 right = 20.59 t @ the Center

→ Vmax = 17.75 t Need Shear Reinforcement

Vmax @ C 2 left = 20.21 t @ the Center

→ Vmax = 17.42 t Need Shear Reinforcement

Vmax @ C1 = 12.19 t @ the Center → Vmax = 10.04 t < 10.9 t

For Vmax @ C 2 right = 20.59 ton

20.59 10.9
Vs = − = 11.4 ton
0.85 0.85
250 × 75 × 20.4
f c' bwd = = 24.2 ton
1000
d 20.4
→ Vs < f c' bwd → Smax = = = 10.2 cm
2 2
Av f ysd 4(0.503)(4200)(20.4)
S= = = 15.1 cm > Smax
Vs 11.4(1000)

Use 2 φ 8 @ 10 cm

For Beam 1 - 2 - 3 use 2 φ 8 @ 10 cm ( Minimum Shear Reinforcement )

8
Loads in Columns
For Column 1

Ribs Area = 5.6 m2

Beam Area = 8.3 − 5.6 = 2.7 m2

Own Weight = 3 × 0.4 × 0.2 × 2.5 = 0.6 ton

Slab Load = 5.6 × 0.903 + 2.7 × (0.26 × 2.5 + 0.221+ 0.2625) = 8.12 ton

External Walls Load = 0.939 × (2.42 + 3.45) = 5.5 ton

Total DL = 14.22 ton

Total LL = 0.2 × 8.3 = 1.66 ton

OR
Area = 8.3 m2
Own Weight = 3 × 0.4 × 0.2 × 2.5 = 0.6 ton

Slab Load = 8.3 × 0.903 = 7.5 ton

External Walls Load = 0.939 × (2.42 + 3.45) = 5.5 ton
Total DL = 13.6 ton

Total LL = 0.2 × 8.3 = 1.66 ton

9
For Column 5

Ribs Area = 12.9 m 2

Beam Area = 16.6 − 12.9 = 3.6 m 2

Own Weight = 3 × 0.4 × 0.2 × 2.5 = 0.6 ton

Slab Load = 12.9 × 0.903 + 3.6 × (0.26 × 2.5 + 0.221 + 0.2625) = 15.73 ton

Total DL = 16.33 ton

Total LL = 0.2 × 16.6 = 3.32 ton
OR
Area = 16.6 m2

Own Weight = 3 × 0.4 × 0.2 × 2.5 = 0.6 ton

Slab Load = 16.6 × 0.903 = 15 ton

Total DL = 15.6 ton

Total LL = 0.2 ×16.6 = 3.32 ton

Columns Grouping
By Place or By Weights

Design of column 5

Pu (1 floor ) = 1.4 × 15.6 + 1.7 × 3.32 = 27.5 ton

Pu (3 floors ) = 3 × 27.5 = 82.5 ton

Pu (5 floors ) = 5 × 27.5 = 137.5 ton

10
Use b = 20 cm
dbar = 14 mm

ρ = 0.01 f c' = 300 kg / cm2 f y = 4200 kg / cm2

Pu ×1000
Ag = = 955 cm2

0.6375( 0.85 f c' + ρg(f y − 0.85 f c' ))

Ag 955
H= = = 47.75 → Use H = 50 cm
b 20
As = 47.75 × 20 × 0.01 = 9.55 cm2

Use 8 φ 14
50 − 8 − 2 × 0.8 − 4 ×1.4
S= = 11.6 cm → OK
4 −1
Design of ties for column
Use 1 φ 8

S max is the smallest of the following :

16 d bar = 16 ×1.4 = 22.4 cm

48 d stirrups = 48 × 0.8 = 38.4 cm

25 cm
Use 1 φ 8 / 20 cm

11
 Design of footings
For Column 5
Pu = 1.4 × 5 × 15 .6 + 1.7 × 5 × 3.32 = 137 .5 ton

P = 5 × 15 .6 + 5 × 3.32 = 94 .6 ton

Select footing depth = 50 cm

q all net = 20 − 1 × 1 .8 − 0.5 × 2.5 = 16 .95 t / m 2

94 .6
Areq = = 5.6 m 2
16 .95
Let B = 2.4 m → L = 2 .4 m

Use 2.4 × 2.4 × 0.5 footing

139 .52
qu net = = 24 .22 t / m 2
2.4 × 2.4

Punching Shear Check

d avg = 50 − 7.5 − 1.6 = 40.9 cm

Vu = q u ( AT − Aeff ) = 24.22 (2.4 × 2.4 − (0.5 + 0.409)(0.2 + 0.409) = 126.1 ton

b o = 2 (90.9 + 60.9) = 303.6 cm

 2 
φ Vc = 0.53 φ f c' × 1 +  × bo d
 β c 

 
 
φ Vc = 0.53 × 0.85 × 250 × 1 +  × 303.6 × 40.9 = 159.2 ton
2
  50   1000
  
  20  

12
φ Vc = 1.06 φ f c' bo d

40 .9
φ Vc = 1.06 × 0.85 × 250 × 303 .6 × = 176 .9 ton
1000
 α d 
φ Vc = 0.265 φ f c'  2 + s bo d
 bo 

 40 × 40 .9  40 .9
φ Vc = 0.265 × 0.85 × 250 ×  2 +  × 303 .6 × = 326 .8 ton
 303 . 6  1000
Vu = 126 .1 ton < 159 .2 ton → OK

Adequate Thickness for Punching Shear

Beam Shear Check

φ Vc = 0.85 × 0.53× f c' Bd

40.9
φ Vc = 0.85 × 0.53× 250 × 240 × = 69.9 ton
1000
 2.4 − 0.5 
Vu = 24.22 × 2.4 ×  − 0.409 = 31.45 ton
 2 
 2.4 − 0.2 
Vu = 24.22 × 2.4 ×  − 0.409 = 40.2 ton < 69.9 ton → OK
 2 

13
Flexural Design
2
2.4  2.4 − 0.2 
M u = 24.22 × ×  = 35.17 t.m
2  2 
2
2.4  2.4 − 0.5 
M u = 24.22 × ×  = 26.23 t.m
2  2 

0.85 * f c'  2.61×105 M u 

ρ= 1 − 1 −  = 0.0024 > 0.0018
f y  bd 2 f c' 

As = 0.0024× 40.9 × 240 = 23.56 cm2

Use 12 φ 16
240 − 7.5 × 2 − 12 ×1.6
S= = 18.8 cm
12 − 1
Check for bearing strength of column and footing concrete

For Column
0.7 × 0.85 × 250× 50 × 20
φ Pn = 0.85 φ f c' Acolumn = = 148.8 ton > 137.5 ton
1000
Use Min.dowel reinforcement As = 0.005× 20 × 50 = 5 cm2 → Use 4 φ 14

For Footing

Afooting
φ Pn = 0.85 φ f c' Acolumn
Acolumn

2402
0.7 × 0.85× 250× 50 × 20 ×
= 20 × 50 = 1129 ton > 137.5 ton → OK
1000

14
Check for Anchorage

Tension φ 16

0.283 f y α β γ λ
Ld req = d bar
C + K tr
f c' ( )
d bar

α = β = λ = 1.0
γ = 0.8
C = Smaller of the fo llowing:

 240 − 15 − 1.6 
 
 12 − 1  = 10.2 cm
2
1.6
7.5 + = 8.3 cm → C = 8.3 cm
2
K tr = 0

(C + K tr )
= 5.19 > 2.5 Use 2.5
d bar

0.283 × 4200 × 1× 1 ×1 × 0.8

Ld req = d bar = 24.06 cm
250 × ( 2.5)
240 − 50
Available Length = − 7.5 = 87.5 cm > 24.06 → OK
2

15
Compresion φ 14

Dowel Rein.

0 . 0726 d bar f y
ld =
f c'

0 .0726 × 1.4 × 4200

ld = = 27 cm
250
Available Length = 50 − 7 .5 − 1.6 × 2 − 1.4 = 37 .9 cm > 27 → OK

Column Rein.
l d = 0 .0071 d bar f y = 0 .0071 × 1.4 × 4200 = 41 .75 cm > 30 cm

Use 45 cm

16