/* Open the dataset and display the variables */

GET file 'C:\ \Plankton.sav'.

LIST id light strain t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18 t19.

List
Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:07
Comments
Input Data C:\ Plankton.sav
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 4
Data File
Syntax LIST id light strain t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17
t18 t19.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.000
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.010

C:\ Plankton.sav

The variables are listed in the following order:

LINE 1: ID Light Strain t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6

LINE 2: t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15

LINE 3: t16 t17 t18 t19

ID: 1 1 1 2844 1924

2000 1934 1664 2344
t7: 1978 2958 3386 3060 4650
5448 6856 7476 5536
t16: 6264 13018 17092 13056

ID: 2 1 2 1554 1274

950 912 1066 2544
t7: 1350 1780 2648 3650 7054
5624 7934 11166 7350
t16: 10068 15498 25136 28700

Page 1
 ID: 3 2 1 2128 1962
1560 1688 1478 1744
t7: 2404 1394 2780 2478 4646
3882 4486 4558 4880
t16: 4314 7302 9880 11212

ID: 4 2 2 1406 1196

840 1422 588 1102
t7: 1092 1836 2778 2664 4570
4998 6430 6374 3564
t16: 7062 9874 21604 21444

Number of cases read: 4 Number of cases listed: 4

/* Demonstrate that modelling these data with 19 factors for time is incorrect */
/* I included this to show that 1) this model is incorrect, and 2) to verify the results you posted
TITLE "MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model".

Page 2
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

GLM t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18 t19 by strain
/WSFACTOR = t 19
/WSDESIGN=t
/DESIGN=strain
/EMMEANS=tables( t*strain)
/PLOT=PROFILE( t*strain).

General Linear Model

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:07
Comments
Input Data C:\ Plankton.sav
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 4
Data File
Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing User-defined missing values are
treated as missing.
Cases Used Statistics are based on all cases with
valid data for all variables in the
model.
Syntax GLM t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11
t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18 t19 by
strain
/WSFACTOR = t 19
/WSDESIGN=t
/DESIGN=strain
/EMMEANS=tables( t*strain)
/PLOT=PROFILE( t*strain).
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:01.529
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:01.076

C:\ Plankton.sav

Page 3
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Within-Subjects
Factors
Measure:MEASURE_1
Dependent
t Variable
1 t1
2 t2
3 t3
4 t4
5 t5
6 t6
7 t7
8 t8
9 t9
10 t10
11 t11
12 t12
13 t13
14 t14
15 t15
16 t16
17 t17
18 t18
19 t19

Between-Subjects
Factors
N
Strain 1 2
2 2

Page 4
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

b
Multivariate Tests

Effect Value F Hypothesis df Error df Sig.

a
t Pillai's Trace . . . . .
a
Wilks' Lambda . . . . .
a
Hotelling's Trace . . . . .
a
Roy's Largest Root . . . . .
a
t * Strain Pillai's Trace . . . . .
a
Wilks' Lambda . . . . .
a
Hotelling's Trace . . . . .
a
Roy's Largest Root . . . . .
a. Cannot produce multivariate test statistics because of insufficient residual degrees of
freedom.
b. Design: Intercept + Strain
Within Subjects Design: t

b
Mauchly's Test of Sphericity
Measure:MEASURE_1
Approx. Chi-
Within Subjects Effect Mauchly's W Square df Sig.
t .000 . 170 .

b
Mauchly's Test of Sphericity
Measure:MEASURE_1
a
Epsilon
Greenhouse-
Within Subjects Effect Geisser Huynh-Feldt Lower-bound
t .083 .431 .056

Tests the null hypothesis that the error covariance matrix of the orthonormalized transformed dependent
variables is proportional to an identity matrix.
a. May be used to adjust the degrees of freedom for the averaged tests of significance. Corrected tests are
displayed in the Tests of Within-Subjects Effects table.
b. Design: Intercept + Strain
Within Subjects Design: t

Page 5
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Tests of Within-Subjects Effects

Measure:MEASURE_1
Type III Sum
Source of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
t Sphericity Assumed 2.052E9 18 1.140E8 51.428 .000
Greenhouse-Geisser 2.052E9 1.490 1.377E9 51.428 .005
Huynh-Feldt 2.052E9 7.765 2.642E8 51.428 .000
Lower-bound 2.052E9 1.000 2.052E9 51.428 .019
t * Strain Sphericity Assumed 2.530E8 18 14056691.690 6.342 .000
Greenhouse-Geisser 2.530E8 1.490 1.698E8 6.342 .086
Huynh-Feldt 2.530E8 7.765 32584220.490 6.342 .001
Lower-bound 2.530E8 1.000 2.530E8 6.342 .128
Error(t) Sphericity Assumed 79790395.158 36 2216399.865
Greenhouse-Geisser 79790395.158 2.980 26774976.176
Huynh-Feldt 79790395.158 15.530 5137742.472
Lower-bound 79790395.158 2.000 39895197.579

Page 6
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Tests of Within-Subjects Contrasts

Measure:MEASURE_1
Type III Sum
Source t of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
t Linear 1.437E9 1 1.437E9 60.837 .016
Quadratic 4.129E8 1 4.129E8 101.707 .010
Cubic 54558977.045 1 54558977.045 887.979 .001
Order 4 36275392.587 1 36275392.587 85.830 .011
Order 5 2824035.049 1 2824035.049 2.044 .289
Order 6 12470087.156 1 12470087.156 6.399 .127
Order 7 47510261.662 1 47510261.662 24.059 .039
Order 8 31351202.696 1 31351202.696 28.804 .033
Order 9 4821716.870 1 4821716.870 7.426 .112
Order 10 577.316 1 577.316 .002 .971
Order 11 775182.525 1 775182.525 1.127 .400
Order 12 1050944.206 1 1050944.206 .527 .543
Order 13 64424.299 1 64424.299 .108 .773
Order 14 2080011.615 1 2080011.615 629.046 .002
Order 15 1608616.263 1 1608616.263 5.941 .135
Order 16 3811071.823 1 3811071.823 8.647 .099
Order 17 198300.860 1 198300.860 2.384 .263
Order 18 2496654.754 1 2496654.754 9.479 .091
t * Strain Linear 1.430E8 1 1.430E8 6.054 .133

Page 7
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Tests of Within-Subjects Contrasts

Measure:MEASURE_1
Type III Sum
Source t of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
t * Strain Quadratic 57247340.784 1 57247340.784 14.103 .064
Cubic 22642559.438 1 22642559.438 368.521 .003
Order 4 11448761.843 1 11448761.843 27.089 .035
Order 5 4630572.195 1 4630572.195 3.351 .209
Order 6 66.570 1 66.570 .000 .996
Order 7 1824926.748 1 1824926.748 .924 .438
Order 8 2232656.344 1 2232656.344 2.051 .288
Order 9 995943.970 1 995943.970 1.534 .341
Order 10 1330804.851 1 1330804.851 3.800 .191
Order 11 476410.470 1 476410.470 .693 .493
Order 12 300952.552 1 300952.552 .151 .735
Order 13 1089207.890 1 1089207.890 1.833 .308
Order 14 2653533.352 1 2653533.352 802.493 .001
Order 15 1776640.468 1 1776640.468 6.562 .125
Order 16 1301775.325 1 1301775.325 2.954 .228
Order 17 65488.453 1 65488.453 .787 .469
Order 18 7379.300 1 7379.300 .028 .882

Page 8
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Tests of Within-Subjects Contrasts

Measure:MEASURE_1
Type III Sum
Source t of Squares df Mean Square
Error(t) Linear 47239554.839 2 23619777.419
Quadratic 8118675.512 2 4059337.756
Cubic 122883.446 2 61441.723
Order 4 845280.352 2 422640.176
Order 5 2763703.855 2 1381851.928
Order 6 3897469.136 2 1948734.568
Order 7 3949527.980 2 1974763.990
Order 8 2176893.741 2 1088446.871
Order 9 1298600.120 2 649300.060
Order 10 700434.194 2 350217.097
Order 11 1375672.757 2 687836.378
Order 12 3990535.662 2 1995267.831
Order 13 1188430.915 2 594215.457
Order 14 6613.226 2 3306.613
Order 15 541497.847 2 270748.923
Order 16 881502.624 2 440751.312
Order 17 166367.242 2 83183.621
Order 18 526751.711 2 263375.855

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Measure:MEASURE_1
Transformed Variable:Average
Type III Sum
Source of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Intercept 2.270E9 1 2.270E9 83.005 .012
Strain 45551450.579 1 45551450.579 1.666 .326
Error 54698166.842 2 27349083.421

Estimated Marginal Means

Page 9
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

t * Strain
Measure:MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval
t Strain Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 1 2486.000 258.496 1373.783 3598.217
2 1480.000 258.496 367.783 2592.217
2 1 1943.000 30.676 1811.013 2074.987
2 1235.000 30.676 1103.013 1366.987
3 1 1780.000 160.351 1090.065 2469.935
2 895.000 160.351 205.065 1584.935
4 1 1811.000 200.192 949.642 2672.358
2 1167.000 200.192 305.642 2028.358
5 1 1571.000 181.342 790.747 2351.253
2 827.000 181.342 46.747 1607.253
6 1 2044.000 552.196 -331.908 4419.908
2 1823.000 552.196 -552.908 4198.908
7 1 2191.000 176.082 1433.379 2948.621
2 1221.000 176.082 463.379 1978.621
8 1 2176.000 553.312 -204.709 4556.709
2 1808.000 553.312 -572.709 4188.709
9 1 3083.000 219.128 2140.169 4025.831
2 2713.000 219.128 1770.169 3655.831
10 1 2769.000 404.802 1027.276 4510.724
2 3157.000 404.802 1415.276 4898.724
11 1 4648.000 878.228 869.291 8426.709
2 5812.000 878.228 2033.291 9590.709
12 1 4665.000 596.263 2099.489 7230.511
2 5311.000 596.263 2745.489 7876.511
13 1 5671.000 992.403 1401.033 9940.967
2 7182.000 992.403 2912.033 11451.967
14 1 6017.000 1983.620 -2517.828 14551.828
2 8770.000 1983.620 235.172 17304.828
15 1 5208.000 1358.498 -637.145 11053.145
2 5457.000 1358.498 -388.145 11302.145
16 1 5289.000 1266.814 -161.660 10739.660
2 8565.000 1266.814 3114.340 14015.660

Page 10
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

t * Strain
Measure:MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval
t Strain Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
17 1 10160.000 2835.093 -2038.422 22358.422
2 12686.000 2835.093 487.578 24884.422
18 1 13486.000 2839.189 1269.954 25702.046
2 23370.000 2839.189 11153.954 35586.046
19 1 12134.000 2646.929 745.183 23522.817
2 25072.000 2646.929 13683.183 36460.817

Profile Plots

Estimated Marginal Means of MEASURE_1

Strain
30000
1
2

25000
Estimated Marginal Means

20000

15000

10000

5000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Page 11
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

/* Convert dataset from wide-format to long-format */

varstocases
/make growth from t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18 t19
/index=time.

Variables to Cases
Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:08
Comments
Input Data C: Plankton.sav
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
Syntax varstocases
/make growth from t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17
t18 t19
/index=time.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.000
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.000

C:\ Plankton.sav

Generated
Variables
Name Label
time <none>
growth <none>

Processing Statistics
Variables In 22
Variables Out 5

list cases /var=id light strain time growth.

List

Page 12
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:08
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax list cases /var=id light strain time
growth.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.000
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.000

C:\ Plankton.sav

ID Light Strain time growth

1 1 1 1 2844
1 1 1 2 1924
1 1 1 3 2000
1 1 1 4 1934
1 1 1 5 1664
1 1 1 6 2344
1 1 1 7 1978
1 1 1 8 2958
1 1 1 9 3386
1 1 1 10 3060
1 1 1 11 4650
1 1 1 12 5448
1 1 1 13 6856
1 1 1 14 7476
1 1 1 15 5536
1 1 1 16 6264
1 1 1 17 13018
1 1 1 18 17092
1 1 1 19 13056
2 1 2 1 1554
2 1 2 2 1274
2 1 2 3 950

Page 13
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

2 1 2 4 912
2 1 2 5 1066
2 1 2 6 2544
2 1 2 7 1350
2 1 2 8 1780
2 1 2 9 2648
2 1 2 10 3650
2 1 2 11 7054
2 1 2 12 5624
2 1 2 13 7934
2 1 2 14 11166
2 1 2 15 7350
2 1 2 16 10068
2 1 2 17 15498
2 1 2 18 25136
2 1 2 19 28700
3 2 1 1 2128
3 2 1 2 1962
3 2 1 3 1560
3 2 1 4 1688
3 2 1 5 1478
3 2 1 6 1744
3 2 1 7 2404
3 2 1 8 1394
3 2 1 9 2780
3 2 1 10 2478
3 2 1 11 4646
3 2 1 12 3882
3 2 1 13 4486
3 2 1 14 4558
3 2 1 15 4880
3 2 1 16 4314
3 2 1 17 7302
3 2 1 18 9880
3 2 1 19 11212
4 2 2 1 1406
4 2 2 2 1196
4 2 2 3 840
4 2 2 4 1422
4 2 2 5 588
Page 14
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

4 2 2 6 1102
4 2 2 7 1092
4 2 2 8 1836
4 2 2 9 2778
4 2 2 10 2664
4 2 2 11 4570
4 2 2 12 4998
4 2 2 13 6430
4 2 2 14 6374
4 2 2 15 3564
4 2 2 16 7062
4 2 2 17 9874
4 2 2 18 21604
4 2 2 19 21444

Number of cases read: 76 Number of cases listed: 76

/* Graph empirical growth plots */

FORMATS time growth (f3.0) id (f2.0).
GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE INLINETEMPLATE=[ "<setWrapPanels/>"].
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id( "GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name( "growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name( "time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id" ), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Empirical Growth Plots" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label( "Growth" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 3 ), label( "ID" ), opposite() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ), max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ), max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.spline( summary.mode( time * growth * id ) ) ))
ELEMENT: point( position( summary.mode( time * growth * id ) ) )
END GPL.

GGraph

Page 15
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:08
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="
GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth
time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE
INLINETEMPLATE=[
"<setWrapPanels/>"].
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id(
"GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name(
"growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name(
"time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id"
), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Empirical
Growth Plots" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" )
)
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label(
"Growth" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 3 ), label( "ID" ),
opposite() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ),
max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ),
max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
spline( summary.mode( time *
growth * id ) ) ))
ELEMENT: point( position(
summary.mode( time * growth * id ) )
)
END GPL.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.530
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.475

C:\ Plankton.sav

Page 16
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Empirical Growth Plots

1 2

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

3 4

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20

Time Time

/* Graph linear empirical growth plots */

GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE INLINETEMPLATE=[ "<setWrapPanels/>"].
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id( "GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name( "growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name( "time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id" ), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Linear Empirical Growth Plots" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label( "Growth" ) )

Page 17
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

GUIDE: axis( dim( 3 ), label( "ID" ), opposite() )

SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ), max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ), max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position(smooth.linear( time * growth * id ) ))
ELEMENT: point( position( summary.mode( time * growth * id ) ) )
END GPL.

GGraph
Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:09
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="
GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth
time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE
INLINETEMPLATE=[
"<setWrapPanels/>"].
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id(
"GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name(
"growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name(
"time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id"
), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Linear
Empirical Growth Plots" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" )
)
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label(
"Growth" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 3 ), label( "ID" ),
opposite() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ),
max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ),
max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position(smooth.
linear( time * growth * id ) ))
ELEMENT: point( position(
summary.mode( time * growth * id ) )
)
END GPL.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.296
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.273

Page 18
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

C:\ Plankton.sav

Linear Empirical Growth Plots

1 2

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

3 4

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20

Time Time

/* Graph spaghetti empirical growth plots */

GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE .
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id( "GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name( "growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name( "time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id" ), unit.category() )

Page 19
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

GUIDE: text.title( label( "Spaghetti Plot" ) )

GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label( "Growth" ) )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic( aesthetic.shape.interior ), null() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ), max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ), max( 25000 ) )
SCALE: cat( aesthetic( aesthetic.shape.interior ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.spline( summary.mode( time * growth ) ) ), shape.interior( id ))
END GPL.

GGraph

Page 20
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:09
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="
GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth
time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE .
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id(
"GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name(
"growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name(
"time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id"
), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Spaghetti
Plot" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" )
)
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label(
"Growth" ) )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic( aesthetic.
shape.interior ), null() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ),
max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ),
max( 25000 ) )
SCALE: cat( aesthetic( aesthetic.
shape.interior ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
spline( summary.mode( time *
growth ) ) ), shape.interior( id ))
END GPL.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.281
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.252

C:\ Plankton.sav

Page 21
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Spaghetti Plot

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

0 5 10 15 20

Time

/* Graph linear spaghetti empirical growth plots */

GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE .
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id( "GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name( "growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name( "time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id" ), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Linear Spaghetti Plot" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label( "Growth" ) )

Page 22
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

GUIDE: legend( aesthetic( aesthetic.shape.interior ), null() )

SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ), max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ), max( 25000 ) )
SCALE: cat( aesthetic( aesthetic.shape.interior ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.linear( summary.mode( time * growth ) ) ), shape.interior( id ))
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.linear( time * growth ) ), color(color.red) )
END GPL.

GGraph

Page 23
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:09
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="
GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth
time id
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE .
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id(
"GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name(
"growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name(
"time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id"
), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Linear
Spaghetti Plot" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" )
)
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label(
"Growth" ) )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic( aesthetic.
shape.interior ), null() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ),
max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ),
max( 25000 ) )
SCALE: cat( aesthetic( aesthetic.
shape.interior ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
linear( summary.mode( time * growth
) ) ), shape.interior( id ))
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
linear( time * growth ) ), color(color.
red) )
END GPL.
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 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Linear Spaghetti Plot

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

0 5 10 15 20

Time

/* Graph linear spaghetti empirical growth plots by strain */

VALUE LABELS strain 1 "CCAP" 2 "PCC".
GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth time id strain
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE INLINETEMPLATE=["<setWrapPanels/>"].
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id( "GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name( "growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name( "time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id" ), unit.category() )
DATA: strain=col( source(s), name( "strain" ), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Linear Plot by Strain" ) )

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 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" ) )

GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label( "Growth" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 3 ), label( "Strain" ), opposite() )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic( aesthetic.shape.interior ), null() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ), max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ), max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.linear( summary.mode( time * growth * strain) ) ), shape.interior( i
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.linear( time * growth * strain) ), color(color.red) )
END GPL.

GGraph

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 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:10
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="
GraphDataset" VARIABLES= growth
time id strain
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE
INLINETEMPLATE=
["<setWrapPanels/>"].
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id(
"GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: growth=col( source(s), name(
"growth" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name(
"time" ) )
DATA: id=col( source(s), name( "id"
), unit.category() )
DATA: strain=col( source(s), name(
"strain" ), unit.category() )
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Linear Plot
by Strain" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 1 ), label( "Time" )
)
GUIDE: axis( dim( 2 ), label(
"Growth" ) )
GUIDE: axis( dim( 3 ), label( "Strain"
), opposite() )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic( aesthetic.
shape.interior ), null() )
SCALE: linear( dim( 1 ), min( 0 ),
max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear( dim( 2 ), min( 500 ),
max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
linear( summary.mode( time * growth
* strain) ) ), shape.interior( id ))
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
linear( time * growth * strain) ), color
(color.red) )
END GPL.
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Page 27
 MODEL 0 - Incorrect GLM Model

Linear Plot by Strain

CCAP PCC

25000

20000
Growth

15000

10000

5000

0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20

Time Time

/* Model growth over time to show time is significant -- unstructured covariance structure */
TITLE "Model 1 - Uncondtional Growth".

Page 28
 Model 1 - Uncondtional Growth

MIXED growth by time

/METHOD=ml
/FIXED= time
/REPEATED=time | subject(id) covtype(un).

Mixed Model Analysis

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:10
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing User-defined missing values are
treated as missing.
Cases Used Statistics are based on all cases with
valid data for all variables in the
model.
Syntax MIXED growth by time
/METHOD=ml
/FIXED= time
/REPEATED=time | subject(id)
covtype(un).
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.000
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.008

C:\ Plankton.sav

Warnings
Model cannot be fitted because number of observations is less than or equal to
number of model parameters.

/* Model growth over time by strain and interaction -- compound symmetric covariance structure */
TITLE "Model 2 - Uncontrolled Effects of Strain".

Page 29
 Model 2 - Uncontrolled Effects of Strain

MIXED growth by strain time

/METHOD=ml
/FIXED=strain time strain*time
/REPEATED=time | subject(id) covtype(cs)
/SAVE=fixpred(pred).

Mixed Model Analysis

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:10
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing User-defined missing values are
treated as missing.
Cases Used Statistics are based on all cases with
valid data for all variables in the
model.
Syntax MIXED growth by strain time
/METHOD=ml
/FIXED=strain time strain*time
/REPEATED=time | subject(id)
covtype(cs)
/SAVE=fixpred(pred).
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.093
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.091
Variables Created pred Fixed Predicted Values

C:\ Plankton.sav

Page 30
 Model 2 - Uncontrolled Effects of Strain

a
Model Dimension
Number of Covariance Number of
Levels Structure Parameters
Fixed Effects Intercept 1 1
Strain 2 1
time 19 18
Strain * time 38 18
Repeated Effects time 19 Compound 2
Symmetry
Total 79 40

a
Model Dimension
Subject Number of
Variables Subjects
Fixed Effects Intercept
Strain
time
Strain * time
Repeated Effects time ID 4
Total

a. Dependent Variable: growth.

a
Information Criteria
-2 Log Likelihood 1283.517
Akaike's Information 1363.517
Criterion (AIC)
Hurvich and Tsai's 1457.231
Criterion (AICC)
Bozdogan's Criterion 1496.746
(CAIC)
Schwarz's Bayesian 1456.746
Criterion (BIC)
The information criteria are
displayed in smaller-is-better
forms.
a. Dependent Variable: growth.

Fixed Effects

Page 31
 Model 2 - Uncontrolled Effects of Strain

a
Type III Tests of Fixed Effects
Denominator
Source Numerator df df F Sig.
Intercept 1 4.000 166.010 .000
Strain 1 4.000 3.331 .142
time 18 72 102.855 .000
Strain * time 18 72 12.684 .000
a. Dependent Variable: growth.

Covariance Parameters
a
Estimates of Covariance Parameters

Parameter Estimate Std. Error

Repeated Measures CS diagonal offset 1108199.9327 184699.98879
CS covariance 661386.40935 509006.58116
a. Dependent Variable: growth.

/* Graph predicted linear growth plots by strain */

GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="GraphDataset" VARIABLES=time MEAN(pred)[name="MEAN_pred"] strain
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE.
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id( "GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name( "time" ) )
DATA: MEAN_pred=col( source(s), name( "MEAN_pred" ) )
DATA: strain=col( source(s), name( "strain" ), unit.category())
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Prototypical Linear Growth Plots" ) )
GUIDE: axis(dim(1), label( "Time" ) )
GUIDE: axis(dim(2), label( "Mean Fixed Predicted Values" ) )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic(aesthetic.color.interior), label( "Strain" ) )
SCALE: linear(dim(1), min( 0 ), max( 20 ) )
SCALE: linear(dim(2), min( 500 ), max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.linear( time * MEAN_pred ) ), shape(strain))
END GPL.

GGraph

Page 32
 Model 2 - Uncontrolled Effects of Strain

Notes
Output Created 14-Jan-2011 04:48:10
Comments
Input Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working 76
Data File
Syntax GGRAPH
/GRAPHDATASET NAME="
GraphDataset" VARIABLES=time
MEAN(pred)[name="MEAN_pred"]
strain
/GRAPHSPEC SOURCE=INLINE.
BEGIN GPL
SOURCE: s=userSource( id(
"GraphDataset" ) )
DATA: time=col( source(s), name(
"time" ) )
DATA: MEAN_pred=col( source(s),
name( "MEAN_pred" ) )
DATA: strain=col( source(s), name(
"strain" ), unit.category())
GUIDE: text.title( label( "Prototypical
Linear Growth Plots" ) )
GUIDE: axis(dim(1), label( "Time" ) )
GUIDE: axis(dim(2), label( "Mean
Fixed Predicted Values" ) )
GUIDE: legend( aesthetic(aesthetic.
color.interior), label( "Strain" ) )
SCALE: linear(dim(1), min( 0 ), max(
20 ) )
SCALE: linear(dim(2), min( 500 ),
max( 25000 ) )
ELEMENT: line( position( smooth.
linear( time * MEAN_pred ) ), shape
(strain))
END GPL.
Resources Processor Time 00 00:00:00.312
Elapsed Time 00 00:00:00.243

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Page 33
 Model 2 - Uncontrolled Effects of Strain

Prototypical Linear Growth Plots

CCAP
PCC

25,000.00
Mean Fixed Predicted Values

20,000.00

15,000.00

10,000.00

5,000.00

0 5 10 15 20

Time

Page 34