"LIFTING_LUG" --- LIFTING LUG ANALYSIS

Program Description:

"LIFTING_LUG" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of lifting lugs, used in
rigging operations. The user can enter a desired factor of safety (most applications, F.S. = 5.0). The program will
determine the ultimate strength of the lifting lug based on several checks and will apply the desired factor of safety
to the strengths to attain allowable loads for the lifting lug.

This program is a workbook consisting of two (2) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name Description

Doc This documentation sheet
Lifting Lug Analysis of lifting lugs per 13th Ed. AISC Manual (ASD) and Reference #1a & b

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. The following references were used in the development of this program:

a. "Design and Construction of Lifting Beams" - David T. Ricker, originally published in American Institute of
Steel Construction (AISC) - Design Journal, 4th Quarter 1991.
b. "Design of Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices" - ASME BTH-1-2008, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
c. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) 13th Edition Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Manual (2005)
2. This program contains “comment boxes” which contain a wide variety of information including explanations of
input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a “comment box” is denoted by a
“red triangle” in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the desired cell to view
 LIFTING LUG ANALYSIS
Per AISC 13th Edition ASD Manual, ASME BTH-1-2008, and
"Design and Construction of Lifting Beams" by David T. Ricker
Project Name: Client:
Project No.: Prep. By: Date:

Input:

Design Parameters:
Lug Yield Strength, Fy = 36 ksi
Lug Ult. Strength, Fu = 58 ksi
Edge Dist., a = 2.283 in.
Edge Dist., e = 2.283 in.
Lug Width, b = 5.910 in.
Rounded Edge? = Yes
Will Pin Rotate Under Load? = No
Hole Diameter, dh = 1.339 in.
Pin Diameter, dpin = 1.102 in.
Lug Thickness, t = 1.181 in.
AISC Factor of Safety, F.S.1 = 5.0
AISC Factor of Safety, F.S.2 = 3.1 F.S.2 = max{3, Fy/(Fu/F.S.1)} ASME Notation
ASME Factor of Safety, F.S.3 = 3.0 Assuming Category B lifters

AISC Preferred Geometry AISC Alternate Geometry

(continued)

Lifting Lug
Tensile Strength of Lifting Lug (AISC Eqn. D5-1):
P1 = 45.85 kips P1 = (2*a,use*t*Fu) / F.S.1

Bearing Capacity of Lifting Lug (AISC Eqn. J7-1):

P2 = N/A kips P2 = (1.8*Fy*t*dpin) / F.S.2
Per Ricker, only check bearing capacity if pin is "snug" in hole
Tearing Tension Capacity of Lifting Lug (Ricker pg 152):
P3 = 89.13 kips P3 = {(1.67*Fy*t*e^2)/dh} / F.S.2
Per Ricker pg. 152, Fb is used instead of Fy, but Fb = Fy/F.S.2
Shear Capacity (Shear Rupture) of Lifting Lug (AISC Eqn D5-2):
P4 = 37.54 kips P4 = (0.6*Fu*2*t*e) / F.S.1
Per AISC Eqn. D5-2, Asf = 2*t*(e+dh/2), cons. to assume dh/2=0)
Gross Section Yielding of Lifting Lug (AISC Eqn D2-1):

P5 = 80.97 kips P5 = (Fy*t*b) / F.S.2

Tensile Strength of Lifting Lug (ASME Eqn. 3-45):

Cr = 0.844 Cr = 1 - 0.275*sqrt{1 - (dpin^2 / dh^2)}
a,eff = 1.69 in. a, eff = min(a, 4*t, 0.6*a*(Fu/Fy)*sqrt(dh / a)
P6 = 54.29 kips P6 = (Cr*Fu*2*t*a,eff) / (1.2*F.S.3)

Single Plane Fracture Strength of Lifting Lug (ASME Eqn. 3-49):

R= 2.953 in. R = e+(dh/2)
P7 = 52.48 kips P7 = [(Cr*Fu)/(1.2*F.S.3)] *
[1.13*(R-.5*dh)+(0.92*a,eff)/(1+a,eff/dh)] * t
Double Plane Fracture Strength of Lifting Lug (ASME Eqn. 3-50):
φ= 45.29 deg. φ = 55*(dpin / dh)
Z' = 0.026 in. Z' = R - sqrt{R^2 - [(dpin/2)*sin(φ)]^2}, only applicable for rounded edges

Av = 5.718 in.^2 Av = 2*{e+0.8*dpin*[1-cos(φ)]-Z'}*t

P8 = 64.49 kips P8 = (0.7*Fu*Av) / (1.2*F.S.3)

Bearing Capacity of Lifting Lug (ASME Eqn. 3-53):

P9 = 19.53 kips P9 = (1.25*Fy*dpin*t) / F.S.3 <============= Controls

Summary:
Pallow = 19.53 kips Pallow = min(P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9)

Required Weld Strength for Vertical Load:

Pdesign = 29.30 kips Assuming fillet weld and F.S. = 5.0 against Fexx. Use Pdesign
to design welds using 0.3*Fexx*0.707*weld size. Could also use
Pallow, but need to use 0.2*Fexx*0.707*weld size for F.S. = 5.0.

Comments:

Lifting Lug
 PIN ANALYSIS
"Machine Design"
An Integrated Approach by Robert L. Norton

Dh 34 mm 1.34 in
Dp 28 mm 1.10 in
t 30 mm 1.18 in
a 58 mm 2.28 in
b 150 mm 5.91 in
Design Parameters:
Poisson's ratio, υ = 0.3 none
Total weight of Harp, W = 4409.25 lb
Number of Lug, N= 2.0 none
Force (weight), F = 2204.62 lb W/N
Young's modulus, E = 2.76E+07 psi
Material Constants, m1, m2 = 3.30E-08 1/psi (1-υ2)/E
Geometry factor, B = 0.1601 1/in (Dh-Dp)/(Dh*Dp)
Half-width of contact patch, a = 0.022 in (2*(m1+m2)*F)/(B*L*π)
2
Area, A = 0.05 in 2aL, L is contact length

Results:

Avg pressure in contact patch

Pavg = 42183.8 psi F/A

Max Pressure in contact patch

Pmax = 53710.14 psi 2F/(πaL)

Mximum shear stress

τ13 = 16327.9 psi 0.304Pmax

The ultimate tensile strength of material

Su = 58015.1 psi

The ultimate shear strength of material

τu = 38870.1 psi 0.67*Su (0.67~0.75)

τu > τ13 OK

Lifting Lug