Sociologist Contribution Period

1.Harriet Martineau Was a lifelong feminist. She, along June 12, 1802 –
with other activists and other June 27, 1876
thinkers called feminism as ‘the
woman question”, she worked for the
rights of women. Formulated a
comparative method for studying
societies and analyzed the new
American culture by measuring it
against carefully stated principles
and wrote the first "methodological
essay" ever published: How to
Observe Morals and Manners. She
conducted extended international
comparative studies of social
institutions, and translated August
Comte's Cours de Philosophi positive
into English. She is also known as the
‘First Woman Sociologist”

2. Georg Simmel Simmel was one of the first March 1, 1858 –

generation of German sociologists, a September 28,
philosopher and critic. He laid the 1918
foundations for
sociological antipositivism asking
'What is society?'. He reffered culture
as "the cultivation of individuals
through the agency of external forms
which have been objectified in the
course of history". He was a
forerunner to structuralist styles of
reasoning in the social sciences.
Simmel introduced the idea of the
dyad and triad: A dyad is a two
person group; a triad is a three
person group. In a dyad group a
person is able to retain their
individuality. There is no other
person to shift the balance of the
group thereby allowing those within
the dyad to maintain their
individuality. In the triad group there
is a possibility of a dyad forming
within the triad thereby threatening
the remaining individual’s
independence and causing them to
become the subordinate of the
group.

3. Ferdinand A German Sociologist. His major July 26 1855-

Tönnies contribution in Sociology was his April 9, 1936
distinction between two types
of social groups, Gemeinschaft and
Gesellschaft. Gemeinschaft — often
translated as community— refers to
groupings based on feelings of