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  • GPS Slides

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    Ritul Jhanwar
    27 visualizzazioni14 pagine
    Developed and main Department of c"w,. A superaccurate sy Signals Ire flee Unlimited users Round the clock GPS.

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    Developed and main Department of c"w,. A superaccurate sy Signals Ire flee Unlimited users Round the clock GPS.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    27 visualizzazioni14 pagine

    GPS Slides

    Caricato da

    Ritul Jhanwar
    Developed and main Department of c"w,. A superaccurate sy Signals Ire flee Unlimited users Round the clock GPS.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 14
    WHAT IS + Satellite-base + Developed and maintal Department of Defensef + A superaccurate syst + Signals are free + Unlimited users + Round the clock availa GPS... the advantage +4 dimensions at one shot (xy.2,t) +Very high accurate measurements, +No intervisibility of survey stations: + Monuments not enly on top of mountains +No dependability on weather & time + Global and not regional + Speed, economy, man power, infrastructure Global Positioning System A space based positioning system satelite based radio navigation system providing Precise 30 position, navigation & time information to Suitably equipped users ‘Transition from ground-to-ground survey to ground- to-space measurements GPS is Satellite-Based + 24 satellites - Initial Operational Capability + Satellites in very high orbit 20,200 KM (12,600 miles) i Why we use Satellites for Mapping + Line of sight is not necessary + No need to measure distances GPS SEGMENTS « wRR [GPs Control [Coad Spr GROUND CONTROL SEGMENT ER = oe GPS Segments + SPACE SEGMENT (GATELLITE CONSTELLATION) * GROUND CONTROL SEGMENT ‘Monitoring stations Control station + USER SEGMENT Space Segment Description * 2dsatelltes ~ 6 planes with 55° rotation ~ Each planehas ¢or 3 salelites + Very high orbit = 20200km ~ {evolution in approximate 12hours ~ Foraccuracy & Coverage USER SEGMENT ANTENNA, MICRO PROCESSOR CONTROL & DISPLAY UNIT RECORDING DEVICE POWER SUPPLY Components of GPS GPS Receiver (Sensor) with control panel Antenna Tripod and Tribrach Batteries Pole Computer Post Processing Software supplied with the instrument Scientific Software GPS Types + HAND HELD GPS For navigation For Reconnaissance Survey + DIFFERENTIAL GPS —For control establishment —For Mapping The Satellite Signal + GPS Signal Structure — 11: 1875.42 MHz, wavelength: 19 em ~ 12: 1227.80 MHz, wavelenath: 24.4.0m + P code (Precision Code) is available forUS Military and authorised users), modulatedon L1 and L2 frequencies + ClAcode (Coarse Acquisition or Clear Access Code)is for all users, modulated on L1 GPS Observations + Pseudo-Range + Carrier Phase Powudo Range is the cistancy botvign satelite and th receivor andar be computed'ay matiging the diference between ct {ime of transmission and reception with ve veloc ty oF propagation Catter Phase isthe dtference between the chase ofthe carer signal of he satelite, measured at recelver and the phase of he iogaloscilator nine recever. “Corprecse postioning in Surveying applications, carer phase measurements ae usedin apteof hefectinat involves ‘omplex algorthmsin ts Sokion Working Steps Atamiete 4 tienen caine EER. BE connie : se Teteraon How GPS Works | Mossures the wave time of ao signals + Caeultes the distance (ac x ine) | Knows the sataio’s position Corrects for any delay in signal Trilateration from Satellites + By dreasuring distance fiom several sali ya . . How do we know when the signal B Satellite Ranging left the satellite? One of the Clever ideas of GPS: + Usesame code at receiverand satelite + Synchronize satelitas and receivers so they're generating same code atsametime Measuring the distance from a satellite + Done by measuring travel time of radio + Thenwe lookat the incoming code fromthe hee sateliteand sechow longago our receiver ~ generated the same code Pann eB mar TUL [fempeminece | B Accurate Clocks Functions of Control Stations Necessary to measure travel time ~Managed by the U.S. Air Force + Making sure both receiver and satellite are synchronized —4 monitoring and 3 upload stations + Whole system depends on very accurate —Daily ephemeris (location) updates clocks ~Transmits clock and orbit corrections + Satellites have atomic clocks ~—Disable use of satellites = Aceuratebur expensive Degrade accuracy of the signals + Ground receivers just need consistent clocks ~ The secrets in theaxtrasatelitemessurement that adjusts thereceiver clock Ephemeris Data Transmission Current ephemeris ke transmitted to Methods of Positioning + Point Positioning + Relative or Differential Positioning - PointPositioning: One GPS Receiver + Accuracyachievable 50cm to 30m Relative Positioning: Two or more Receivers + Accuracyachievable: fewmm Selective Availability U.S Government can (and does!) degrade the accuracy + Largest source of error in GPS + To prevent hostile forces from using GPS to full accuracy + By introducing intentional errors in timing signals and/or satellite ephemeris + SA was removed on 02.05.2000 Point Positioning &f we NQ ol —& anaes Increasing GPS Accuracy through Differential Correction

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