GATE - 1994 Electronics and Communication Engineering 1 The Laplace transform of a unit ramp function starting at f= 0, is a fad © Gay O Brae ot 1.2 The Fourice Series of a odd perigdic function, contains only (@) odd harmonics (6) cosine terms () even harmonics (a) sine terms 13 A series LCR circuit consisting of R = 10 9 |X| =20Qand |X, | =20.2,is connected across ‘ana .c. supply of 200 V rms. The rms voltage across the capacitor is (@ 200 2-90" V (©) 400 2-90" V W) 2002490" (a) 400 2-90" 44 A ramp voltage, 2(#) = 100 volts, is applied to an RC differentiating circuit with R =5k and C=4 HF. The maximum output voltage is, (a) 02 volts () 2.0 volts (©) 10.0 volts (@ 50.0 volts 1.5 The 3 dB bandwidth of a typical second-order system with the transfer function Os) _ We Ra) t+ 2xu, sewer @ ,=f1-28 @ 0, #1282 Ft (© 0, =f -262)4 fags 48? +2 © 0, = Yi- 262) + fag 98 #2 16 If the open-loop transfer function is a ratio of a numerator polynomial of degree ‘m’ and a denominator polynomial of degree ‘n’, then the integer (t-m) represents the number of (@} breakaway points (b) unstable poles (©) separate root loci (@)_asyratotes is given by 1.7 A small concentration of minority carries is injected into a homogeneous semiconductor ‘erystal at one point. An electric field of 10 V.cm is applied across the crystal and this moves the minority carriers a distance of 1 cm is 20 4 sec. ‘The mobility (in em? /volt. sec) will be (@) 1,000 () 2,000 (© 5,000 (a) 500,000 18 19 1.10 aa 412 413 114 1158 The threshold voltage of an n channel MOSFET ‘can be increased by (0) increasing the channel dopant concentration (a) reducing the channel dopant concentration (©) reducing the gate-oxide thickness (@ reducing the channel length Aclass- A transformer coupled, transistor power amplifier is required to deliver a power output of 10 watts. The maximum power rating of the transistor should not be less than (a) 5W (6) 10W (©) 20W @ sow Data can be changed from spatial code to temporal code and vice-versa by using (@) ADCs and DACs (©) shitt-registers (6) synchronous counters (@ timers The output of a logic gate is ‘1’ when all its inputs are at logic ‘0’. Then gate is either (@) aNAND or an EX-OR gate (0) aOR or an EX-NOR gate (6) an OR or an EX-NOR gate (@) an AND or an EX-OR gate APLA can be used (a) asa microprocessor (0) asa dynamic memory (c) to realise a sequential logic (@) to realise a combinational logic A dynamic RAM consists of (0) 6 transistors (0) 2 transistors and 2 capacitors (c) 1 transistor and 1 capacitor (@) 2 capacitors only 2{6) = 5 [cos(106 nt) - sin (108 nt) x sin (106 =) represents (a) DSB suppressed carrier signal (®) AMsignal (c) $58 upper sideband signal (@) Narrow band FM signal Increased pulse-width in the flat-top sampling, leads to (a) attenuation of high frequencies in reproduction (py atlenvation of low frequencies in reproduction (6) greater aliasing errors in reproduction {@) no harmful effects in reproduction146 Medium wave radio signals may be received at far off distances at night because (a) radio waves travel faster at night () ground wave attentiation is low at night (@) the sky wave is stronger at night (a) their is no fading at night 117 Fora short wave radio link between two stations. via the ionosphere, the ratio of the maxim usable frequency to the critical frequency (@) is always less than 1 (@) is always greater than 1 (©) may be less than or more than 1 depending, on the distance between the two stations (d) does not depend on the distance between the two stations 118 A plane celctromagnetic wave travelling along +2 = direction, has its electric field given by E, =2cos (1) and E, = 2.08 (*F+ 90°) The wave is (@) linearly polarised (© right circularly polarised (6) left circularly polarised (0 elliptically polarised 119 Fora dipole antenna {a the radiation intensity is maximum along the normal to the dipole axis () the current distribution along its length is uniform irrespective of the length (6) the effective length equals its physical length () the input impedance is independent of the location of the feed-point 2. In each of the following questions (2.1 - 2.20) fill in the blanks appropriately a fAtef- 2.2 The rank of an (us x n) matrix (m < n) cannot be more than adi 23 The condition that a =-port network is reciprocal, canbe expressed in terms of its ABCD parameters as 24 A generator of internal impedance, Z,,, deliver maximum power to a load impedance, ZyonlyifZ.= 25 The open loop frequency response of a system at two particular frequencies are given by 1.22180" and 1.0 2 = 190°, The closed loop unity feed back control is then. 26 The poles of a continuous time oscillators are 27 28 29 2.10 au 242 218 219 2.20 The forward dynamic resistance of a junction diode varies as the forward current, ‘The transit time of the current carriers through the channel of an FET decides its chracteristics. In order to reduce the harmonic distortion in an, amplifier. its dynamic range has to be A common emitter transistor amplifier has a cullector corrent of 1.0 mA when its base current is 25 [1A at the room temperature. It's input resistance is approximately equal to A pulse having arise time of 40n secis displayed ‘ona CRO of 12 MHz bandwidth. The rise time of the pulse as observed on the CRO would be approximately equal to - For the 2N 338 transistor, the manufacturer specifics P,,,, = 100 mW at 25°C free-air temperature and the maximum Junction temperature, Tyaae = 125°C. Its thermal resistance ‘The frequency compensation is used in op-amps to increase its A 2 u:sec pulse can be strecthed into a 10 m sec pulse by using a__ circuit Synchronous counters are Fipple counters. _ than the A ring oscillator consisting of 5 inverters is runnig, ata frequency of 1.0 MHz. The propagation delay per gate is _ ___ nsec. ‘A.10 Mblz carrier is frequency modulated by a sinusoidal signal of 500 hz, the maximum frequency deviation being 50 kHz. The bandwidth required, as given by the Carson’s rule is ‘The bandwidth required for the transmission of a PCM signal increases by a factor of when the number of quantization levels is inereased from 4 to 64. A load impedance, (200 + jo) 2 is to be matched to a 50 @ lossless transimssion line by using a aquacter wave line transformer (QW). The characteristic impedance of the QWT required is an 20 - Theinterior ofa em » = em rectangular wave guide is completely filled witha dielectric of £, =4. Waves of free space wave-lengths shorter than can be propagated in the TE,, mode.a network, 3.2 Tachometer feedback in a de. position control systme enhances stability. 33 If G (s) is a stable transfer function, then 1 F (9) = Gig is always a stable transfer function. 34 Ap-typesilicon sample has a higher conductivity compared to an si-type sample having the same dopant concentration 3.5 Channel current is reduced on application of a ive voltage to the gate of a depletion y-channel MOSFET. 3.6 The look-ahead carry adder is a parallel carry adder where all sum digits are generated directly from the input digits. 3.7 Inthe output stage of astandard TTL, havea diode between the emitter of the pull-up transistor and the collector of the pull-down transistor. The purpose ofthis diode is to isolate the output node from the power supply V,. 38 Pulse-width modulated signals are immune to noise since their amplitude is constant, 3.9 Noise figure of an amplifier is always greater than 1 3.10 If a pure resistance load, when connected to a lossless 75-ohm line, produces a VSWR of 3 on the line, then the load impedance can only be 25 ohms. 4, Ineach of the following questions (4.1-4.8) match ‘each of the items A, B and C with an appropriate itm from 1,2,3,4 and 5. ey ay 4a (Ada, SF +0, y SE 40 y= 0, ay no tay a dy 2 (Oa, SE +0 9 Ge tay? y= 0 (1) Non-tiner differential equation (@) Linear differential equation with constant coefficients (3) Linear homogeneous differential equation {@) Now-linear homogeneous differential equation (5) Non-linear first order differential equation 42, The response of an LCR eiruit toast iin nets fneion ha 22 Pa (0) poles onthe A over dam iapativereal axe PO €) poles onthe Imaginary axis 6) multiplepotes on (C) oscilatory the posiive reals (8) poles onthe postive real ais (5) mulipe poison the negative eal axa (8) critically damped 4.3 (A) Very low response at very high frequenci (B) Over shoot _ (C) Synchro-control transformer output (1) Low-pass systems (2) Velocity damping (3) Natural feequency (8) Phase-sensitive modulation (6) Damping ratio 4.4 (A) The current gain of a BIT will be increased if (8) The current gain of a BJT will be reduced if {C) The break-down voltage of a BJT will be reduced if (1) The collector doping concentration is increased. (2) The base width is reduced. @) The emitter doping concentration to base doping concentration ratio is reduced. (4) The base doping concentration is increased keeping the ratio of the emitter doping concentration to base doping concentration, constant. (@) The collector doping concentration is reduced. 45 (A) Hartley (Q) Low frequency oscillator (B) Wien-bridge (2) High frequency oscillator (©) Crystal @) Stable frequency oscillator (4) Relaxation frequency oscillator () Negative resistance oscillator 4.6 Type of ADC (A) Successive aproximation (1) (B) Duakslope —@) 8 (©) Parailel @ 16 ‘Comparator @) 256 © 512 Maximum conversion for 8 bit ADC in clock cycles. 4.7 (a) Single side band (1) Envelope detector (3) Amplitude Q) Integrate and dump modulation (6) Binary phase-shift (3) Hilbert transform keying a (4) Ratio detector (6) Phase-locked loopLIQ) 12) 13U) La) L110) L12() 1.13() L148 (a) 13. Voltage across the capacitor 200 Fe *(- Med IR? + (X, -Xo)? 200 “Joram ™ hoo + (20-20) 1400 00 LDV a Heo mo yme 14 Inthe Laplace domain, vie) V0 OL cs xR _ Muley RCs © RCS+1 V9 = 1008u() 100 and V,()= (2) Continuity equation (2) Faraday’s law (3) Ampere’s Law (4) Gauss's law (8) Biot-Savart law ANSWERS 1.6(f) 1.7() 1.806) -1.9() 1.10(a) 1.16) 1.17) -1.18(¢) 1.19 (@) EXPLANATIONS z= 2 slaxio%+i) V, ()=2 u(t) ‘Maximum voltage = 2 V Ls HO)= Fees? ew H Go) eet [H (iw) | = oi (03 - 0) + (26, a)? |H GO| =1 1F a, is the 3 -4B frequency, then [1 Go)1= =e (os 02)" +2640.) = 0.707