The Doukai (D. I. Polemis)

'UX'lv:K'I!;..'im'rv OF LONI}('!
}f 1>11"r £ A '1lH LON It I] IU~~S IntiA

Tlh D" kai

,-e ' ' ou-_al

ThU. volume is pu blishcd witt.! t,he help of 111 grtll:m fi."{InI the 'I are 'Miss I~ bel Thorn Le~'~s Deq1.18SC to the

UIllii~-l'tlL1 of Loadon

A Con tri b ution to Byzantine Prosopography

by D'lEMETRIOS L POLEMIS

P..JJ:WJIJ 0/

'l'BE /l.TH[.@);IB p~r-::!~ UNIViI': Ir~ ['1'" 00E' :r.tU,,":DOlll al -s: C~ .\"IJ~ LJr~ ...... ·C'[ j')imibnW ,t.y CoMtc~ & C~ 1d 12 O~ SJr"ttI L4ndtvl "'~!l

C&UI~

{)xftn/ iJ'ioriw.j'SI'1ly Prm ~.rMllnl!D

U,S.A .

OJifMd (!'iFiPll5J'~ Pr.tII It!' ){rdJ Tdf*

TO. ~IlY FATHER

In'l!c~Cigatjon into the [ortuetes o.f rn~rlie"'i!ll Greek f8.!llfiUli~ is a. oompamm'"'!l.y O'ld b .... ,md~ (II)' :erz;)<I~,inK: st~ and the. t':~i.1~imJr Mgh totl."iflda.:n::l 0!!:':.f1 ill;'o'~ In 'lhi~ tt~Ld try' the 8t'~[ DLi.c:l'I1~ is everywhere: !:,1X(I1!fi"l~' J-fu almosc du'o!':IOhri.loolrCd yean. lOrd FiimiliiU Ai!.IgLt.:it_-iI'd B~I7I1J~1'i'Q6 ~LtiU stands U~~HP~"i'\Cld ....... d :in part !1;QTJ.hr'LU~ ~>IJ ~mi.!lm the 5tandard woo·l:. ~f ~i:!It:r)!:ncI!:J ~n tboug-.h ~mbo ""ih<'lt QHn_datocl for ilYlpc:~~~~ B~·:G~rLi;illil: g~eaL{lgy aT.J.tJ P!'o~f~r::~~"hy., The !\'o-ifl de"ol'>lilopmcnJt of EYZ&n!tl.nc· ~rudie:a, in the (;f}!Ilrn:. IJ.f the laat hundred r~ il:i.l.S indeed brmJ!ght to light nl.LJtJ!llOrotl.s p["~io'lliilL)' "~~'bIAlW1l1l :;.ol)~In:~, thus subBtl!intl.iIHy 1;::~11'i.c:hilBg the ahu~jlll;)ollt ~lIli.l~riid wrukh ~tDl.L awaits !:cl!Jo~ srud~ Lng [pruhl~nq. connected with both jami!L~ :l1:~lAl i~tdi'!fldu~~ m me .&yun~ Empire, whether ef'noble ar.igin Gr eemmoners,

It If. true t~it the hou~~ ~ DO'L1l..;I~ nevwEllttElilned diJ;:; [ame and 1:bA:. ]?c"pulari"0" of :;u~.;,ll ,dylil;)SliC r:affiLl-w~~ fI4 li.h~ Kt)ll~n0'rlOi, or !h~ P.d .. ~LQIA;Jg-oj, bu~ ;~H 1 h~ :;i.-un!: trw: "[)o~~kai rose to the top of ttbe g,,',i?aIlfLtJru:: artitoe:racy d'l.li~lns the ~.kr part c.f the eleventh century, The aim of the: present , .. 'ock is !to as:i!2 the ooD"tribuoon of thi£ frunlly ~ or mow ;::::'!:.E!otly (If ~lijl!! '[:!"!!~rl!:> <IJT g;oo~ of ~~L'" 'I/;ih(l; 'OOI'E Ih~ name - to the po3~'i~1 ~'I~~ euill:lIl~L bjsrory M ,8yULntirum dov.u to I453. _ \ lim !l:h'afc of Parts I, U and ].I 1 -ofthl!. study [0 [Wi- W~ :;ubmi~'l\l!d as ~L dQC;IIJIIOJJ tho!"',..;;:i~ to the iJ!lili'lfJl:HI~ty of Londnn {a brief 3Ijirnji'lH~ry oof Lbis w;!!5; pu'hliilLKd UI the lJ'lJ.Uel:J"1l qf.IM!II'~iMnJj i:lr.slwK{iJlR~~~!J, 37 (! 9fi4] , !i!j.].....a)_

It ih a pL'wil~ t(lo ;1dmOou'I~]g,~ n1!n: the ~ooljJjragc:mof.n~ .i_~nd h~p "",,·tt.i.d.i [ hiL¥1t recei ... ocl ""hi!J:: Wi"'i.tin._f this book from Professor J- :M_ Hu~r:.y. 1 b3.\""C brrnenttl:d ~t'~3itl.'1 fiY,lm ho::r oonst:ulIt advice and ~,pt;:L't~l~ced.judgc:mcn( and ;:un n,~r: gr.&kf1l1l~ for her 91 ssiaeance in re .... ~:;i'1g rhl! i'Ei.an,'llsmpt, [ would :1"~ J i.loc to Lh~ moot cinccrd)' Professer R't.lUltri:. 'Etl)'WnLng who re<!.d. 1'11~ wCloJ'il:. 3it ... -arious ~[a~ oL'nd I;);lleroo valll.!li.llM~ ~j l~ci~m .. [am much ind~bi~1 [00 .Pl'~fCSSDI" 'P'-,,-iLd 1 \'~[11C'l: fUT allOMJlg f'~ to Wr'l~~.lll the unpublished ,thlt-'"j~ rtf'l rtL-oc KomTl~rwi hf hi$ LUi:: ",,-iIi!'" Dr ~L WLLI,~k •. ])r,: Jongh- I should l1~$(j ];1;:£ to t~~MU. mr I"L iend DI" :". M, Paltaglfftakis .rUb'" v l!IYjO'LlS atln!:ltnu::~ i .... ~ S,llggC!'lUOns,

A H.C!'le:arcn l.rdl.o~ip <.Lt lll~ 11,stlJlute; of [~i:O;[[~I·ical ~,'lIYh, l .. I'I. ... ..::~i"['. or ltlIlldenl duriim,g the ::;~i{;Jf~ r 86s-'1- e:Ll;;tbl~ll me r? ;::'~tu~ rn:r ~t:l'\. _1.11 l~ ~'If-'.[ RI~~~.I:i'l1 <!IlJd grcEli.tl~' ft~c:-i]~~."1"":.d m.y "'~I(.)rk" The 'f!'tlbLIC.n 1""1'1. lL.:.dt h.L~ l ... --...: 1'1 [LI.h..lo::: p!!1o$i lYl~ I]y gmnt,j (j'01l111 ~hJl: )l;Lnn.:: F:i teh l'tmd. 11,1,4.; bobr-l Tthl,.1!(lIbi:... l~l ue ~ aud I hr TWIi.:Ii.y.St:'J}t":~. F.m.md.r~tio:n., .H1.d 1 ~~~·fulL'· 1""«'I,)1"'~ 11'1\ '~Pl14 ('I..' .11"11 L' t~i.&. ass ifl'l :mt":l}';,

Pinnlly I w,t"luLd like to ("';,lJII~'~ my 1 11 .. , n].;" U'I tIH.· ~1-.~rL. 1.1(':\ L •• ~.I!f:!.--~~ Icm l~ lht' Atl d.one FL"~!-l rOl' .'1«cpL~llg th(' book flt'! ~LI h'i':-_~LiL'-lI ,11h1 1.1' I tL~'i"IL ~L III kIf" i.llv~IUl'i ble hdp in mlm~" w.~pi.

PREfACE

CONTE.NTS

NiOil;e 0111, the &pelling of Gr~l::k N ames

l"ART I' introd11crio:n,

PAR,'I' II'

Me:Jnbe,_1'S of the DQukl'CS Family

PART 1Il

T]re NaltL,e at Deukas in other' Falllilieli

l'hll:.'l.' rv

IDrmkf1li Ill! utllnDwIi. F~m.il:y Eitl.!:::kgrolilnd .N amca known only fr!:fl:rnI, St'ill!oi

Al"l"ENTHCES

r. 'The Dcakai after '1453 11., The De:d'l,l'~;tivcs,

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I N~IRO D~' i CT'" .

_. 'U ION

THE FAM1LY

11:11: dwgruttio:n [J! Doll.il.w 8'!; 3. di.~tin;;;ti.~~ ~[11;I1"I1?C1:I iIJIoFlk~!lI1.t 1fI 01. pRirtiC'IIliu fEl;nl,jliY (IT ~l'!anl ;~Pfl!!!.a~. [or 'thl;! first. tLTnC lnl BY;I:,mtiw.[] iT} the .loIliddle or tbe nlJlth C~lLl.I", and grot ... !1~~ QJ] it is fJc:.q'[~nll:rmcl, dQlpi~e ;:;(Ime noh<QlU d:el,;ades, '~Ip W tile lB'st YCt1.TIi of the em.p:ili'l:!: WL.ol[ [~en tbfflu~h th~' paoieoa (If the Ttrrki.:::h 'Iioon-iu;d:im1l to pn::i~t...,[lay Gf~':::. 'WI~~ the rJ3iCM: is 1'Ir,.t 1l1:l00lm1iL!J.1:I i.n. .... ar:'iQu~ pan'S of tb)l;. eOU~lrtI'Y. 'I.'bl!: (W:t .. tt~t:~ ~~. wbi) lM~ i~ IiH:LoD.~. IlJ !lii1fi~I~u[, atram Qf'R>~ ... ;n~m£ ~fI~';:;l.:r ~ I;mp~~ ,jl.OO mi~~, ~'...J ~l)jdia5 J.Dd ambi~l'ju~ ~b:::l.s, :5Jt~"!,tl1: QfIiIrb~ ;~m1 .t;h!l.(;!l!"!e ;gelHry of dM; p.r...w'u~J .....m~9"S 3Jl"ld manb,~ l""i!illeap-re&id oM the :rnm:;'lmo&wL1.'5 end .oowe....ef l1llriU:.fflLl:: 'its br..m:h~ ~~u:-,JI:r ~M.i:me:J ]!IlI nn di['Cwwit.i!me CiID It be claimed U.a~. tbe Il'IlIl!Ibi represenred .L si,]gl~ fa.rt:jj1r tiThe the KDlrnneooi or litc f'.n!In.itilogoi~ OO~ lIlii:3l:1i:f) .• And indeed ~",,'lJt~;nL(;(lIt::ll)' 'With rite imp:;r:i~L bouse of Ilol.l1::ks Ln the i::ic'I!l!Dtb ocrlt\liry~ ,i1 !p[!;T-i111d ~h;!M""'r ~L"of!oL!lp' of ~l.'EOO.lI of toe sanre ilI?1lTM: l;,_'1n be <hlilVolfl W have ~i!(. in :!ioo~h lt~l:; ;nH~ Sili:i.ly.

Tile V9..:!It Illiijcrrity of the ])gul;:al m~uliQI~i::d b~' dl.e ~OU~ ~iill~' d-"ak bcl"tlr..:: ] 20<b ~adi::3pL'LtalJ.]r be>long to dlR. '!B~"l:a"ltiJli: nob!l~ty, yet ~o oLJ::'1YIJ.aL rt.Oi it i3 tI~11: ~lfIjn~ ill!~l!l' ~~J~i~h. dl3HC'~e-rti~~ OIIL i:iol!L'WJlii 00 dC!il;~i~[J bid ill. B tmrefun::

IihlS[l31~1J:: whidl~ will ftl'Q,l'ioJ!l the t<:1~ [if li'iJltrcnoe rw iIl1..e ~~t ""TO~. Tbll: roWj'ei!:!i h~'I.1f! pL"I!,"ooI!n'EotI~iti!.l!! on the _g'I!ni!'!L"aI im~~t nf D.!I£ IMD:i1y (~ Rdi,:" DJ th~ ~11[J~ 'Of' ~~,l;IILS t§lJUl,ed lJoul.-.,~), and iI:l~:i th", ILUroCIlJi;lI;'I:'j' ~[ LS 11C[j~;;ull:; based QlI: '[\~a~j v clr lllohi!d til~OOrrnIl!.1~l;m. ""bat t'lu: 'B}'Z:l~ cM-1:I't!l1;.1 ... ~ h.1VC '00 .soW .~hr,lIlt tru:: fftmil~p"", ui' [he DI!I1~l;;J,j_ i5 far fli'lrlEil .. d;:qml.c ijm ftlnoirng ~ picture Qr whu their plilc(: in ~lCrnl 1[1 eorrtor:ri!lJK'r~' l>OCM:!!.y ~lLy W5i~, I,a.:rtIJlIl;Lbid), mud! . .n..:rre "~:~Mt the c.."Ii'«1l' Qr ~.L!;l1!1 jjllldjl.1d~I;,J members is KI'1Q'W·o. :S~er.!1i ..,r tl~e :J)!nu;3Ii are 11f![ Or!~ 'P11:rnLTIo!"J1t t1p'f~ h,~t they themselve» pl:L)IoJ::d. .tI, IMjOl" p<'Iit[ i1'~ !'llL;!l~ing tloc t.i;::h.,~' ef

R~'"Znill"';~lm.

'rJ)f: ,r.n;~i.1'! part of tHri::; atudr oL:flili:li;a~ 4lf p~l'll't':ropl~ir.lL :sl1~I.tJiitS ...t;]ll]ltnM!'ll ~L'!'!IHfl tlhhc ilUlIme, jncl~d~'~1J 6IliM'pomlAl ·~'{!t'l';i!!l[l~ (lrl~' .t<. :L ~~n~r.d rulr'. oUIU" DKIi:1::;(i an: indudoo whO' hl'i.~1['! been ~:Iilal l)I;IIIb."Iij by (he S01li'C.;'<· ;l[.le:w;L (il1I('('.,1

1 '1 1 .,-" ' I .. ' 1 l,j • 01' "'I· .... WEt>:" 171o:"111l1)Jl~L b~ ....

'ft.1 II II: C ~~lA:IrJ::l~ '01' Dan""... W'~.:. UI,1;l as.!~11rlo!!ol~.'· '" .

.• . ..... ~~ 1k" .. 11!' ~ f .. mi,..,. l:.:IIm~

I Thr L111j ditrerl!n~ GI'I:'I'\: ~~n['« n"lll%'NL lii!o' ""I: 1iI)",~n~II'" O[O)IN

m~ Moril~, .{rmmI1M'-. 1'. lip. :):1-011, . ..~. 'iM" i'f'.

J Tbeee i. 1:1[1 1~1i.(h~1.ofi1",l '!NoIIrk qi r- , .... i<'t'l !At !I,~ CI<1la" 1'1'.<" ~"~L' ,-.f' ~ ... ':":f~,~ r. ... Ebt: 1& 6, oCov.- ... Iih~ !cRlh nncl ~h~ rli-.-~i1ill '-"fll,lri;;,: ."W (i"""I~' bioi I~ Il'-'II" ~ . J fT>litl<: [0,' ~

I ~'" . I ., . I II ............ 1 ,,11.,1. ~ W~, ",,,,.

;·,,,,,,1"1 JIn~" '1I11Jrtl IJ[ ~J-o'I: rJI~IOJlir'.I~ .l.ntl tJ:l.l""l c ... ""'OC ... n , 1 ~u ,"I ....

I 1 I • • I'" .;>It Ih~ I'I,,,,~.. "".... ,

"ullin II.)IL il,,", It"'r "o"IIIt' lJn~1 , ... .,1 q"nrp.1 ,'If"-'''''' h~.

'1"""!,,in., ... G U."'.."I' ..... " J~fi'l'.11 (Ai'll',n., i()~:;I).p.lI}. . l' i •. I j-r- l",n, .. 1 Ilul , h!1

J I ·1 I L • . I IU'Il"" III I if' .... " I ' •

I i 1.-..:1 I ., r- .,"I'-~ hu...,. III 11 111" hr," '1 .., ... , > Il. \ ..... I( ~~~Il .1no:1 lot·,

~"III 1o"'11~lc 1:'1i'"Ll"lll~ tT'111 .. i h I' .. ,[F' .. ~I LrJir, 1 'w' ,.,;J " I' ,of 11.... 'LL "I I

" I.!T. I.

u

'Lvlili.:d, lcJHl~ [CJ CUII!jUtJ;; ~l.:mi.:I.l~1;,li1 ~I). IL ~h1i!1"ciil~ rol~ ttu.~ sam.; ]Jt:IIJ~ c:m'l~l'iIrod b;:lcrw 1I1<'1f h.fl.'H. ,;pT\llill!j rl:LJm 11:O11~ &U1!::r th~fiUI.il.L ,;ug_ !!!f:1l~r!tl 1;1)' their mUltI.:; ~L. ~hor. othe.r I~il.lr.d, ~e. nf tlk :s~i(i~ prup!!r or tllt family ["I~ay hrr ... ", as!ilJLi1lCd dk[J';t;L~lll 1i1P.r~I:;;!I.

I NT}t r)fJ UCTl O!;

'lb~ ~.um.ffi otiII l.Jo1I:i.-Dfluiks.&.' [J,ppe;LL1:l fUr Lll!:: ".l:!l' ~j,R~ UIL 6'. 3!J;S ~ru:l I"j[j; ,.jgubt d~Yl!d ~m ehe 1ilm~ ral"i.t .: of Ju:r, PJ:'C::3l..l1iJlB,bly held by the ftml:ld-cu of !he ~ that AliruL'isItod in th:JllCmtury·. Im~~d ~ntil3:r f8Dlli.ly nanses el!Da'Elh tUig fj-Clln ~pCiltding .1nny ~di:i5, were q1Jll~t_:: llL:lual:ial Byzal~.ti'llr['l.~ TMi r-alill::. m m ~1l:IS no~ r:LTl.icuJ1l.Tl~' '!.'1.-:idE.:lp.t ead at tb!'lJt tirilW- and 'I-\Ia.S .al~JlLi.l:;~blc to lil~ :mny tfl~,d~ ~'bo 1{Io"(:1"!l;: in ~l~t:: of ratner' r~-r1".i'bI:;: u~~LiJbL":Y dl~tri-tta If;lill~ng ffitt!;1I:11t tbe JI,lru.:J.iOOfrD p~~' I;I[ ~1!Il:. theme IlfatJ!.gt:JI,."j Tlse air.o;t: ~l1.K I!Ile.l:lbgnoil. mi~h.[ ~'I,'~ ~L the son lJ.f ~IK.h al~ unkj1l0'..,'R d!f,lt:, slnce ~~ :ztr~ :iptcir~· him ~ .:0 ~!.I" 1Irn,.,.a;~, and be ]Jl1gnl w:U ~I~ ... _t:: been th~ fust ~ to be (I~i.gn"'tM in tlm '[J1artrlr:t and t>o ::J~lrntr,: illiLot! .tI~ili~;u~' J."8lU:: as !Ii ~UITI8mC. "ro be ~l;lre, B. CDl!iple ~ !!aIILe.r references ~ SI~lfllil!n"tUS a.a:3aciarred with :mp~c-d! rn~tlh~ of die });J~I" IlfiniIj";4- but th~~ ~mt; ~t:rl!lrl.d1 dauJl:rtfm. There it': no.i u~ti6~tioll

fgr ~UV.f'C"'i..:I!;" i!h-n~ .hi"'" "").!p:i([~I~'ll ..... 'M a.lready in 1!.S~ .[I.!; e:tIfly as tkt. ci.-:bth

t;U1l1.!l1)". .

'The' fir:;'t J.)ol!l..X .~<; ~~ a .trnaa of coordy 1iI~iiWd r."mily Q',IJI"Tl:,,-r.!tirn,i;

",~plj: ll!1i;1J1. hc~ ffiighl have bt:"g~t..~. [Q. a nail.lm: ~~ti .... ~ iUl military crcl.;:o;. The e.p1["OOl1 b;~J'; b~1 L ~p:!'~ed. ~al [~ DDU~?, _ d~,,:m:l~ .froJIJ. thE: Amonalll dy-;tI§iS!,Y d:J.1:ou,gn a f.o:;m;i!lt:tlE:aU,&, bllll. a~ nord~[I,bl-e.~~I.:md: ~r:l :-'Llpport o[tbu ean 1M: foolJcl.1 J:t"L the lGiU~:f tEU~. liiffiLlIl "! !liul Deulses ?Ire tlJ ~O:lll!:.i 1il:.::11:i!l1I: ssseciated wii.L:L l';~phl~~L, .al.'ld h i:i pro~.hl£ 'IJ~art the f~mHy !;[:!I:3tl.e from. that regi.on.,~

It. nca!!l b~1!L ~~red 'IJlfLt the Dt)u~~ were (If ,i\n:n.-l;Ili.~ ba~und, I! is..1n ~[abll~ i1.ct ~Lit.t. th~ Al1illmi~l1 element ....-;!,!l; .i~Lflu~fitial, ~J;~Ly 5n rtM al-my, u.urinhg the ~dndJ, ;1[1.1 the ~~lld1. OCI!lr(;l.II:-j~J iLl~ tl:ie~' h;'l'l; lb~tl[lt ~loO::n ~~ tm .. :~ the DI~~, I~b~ ~~f' !~t;li[1g oonkmptNOlT-:r 11)l[~ (f;lICb as. thi!: KQ1.illtk1J~, K~urtl"k"-~J 3/00 MmC']e)~ WI!R. tl~ Arm.eni ... 1l [Jrii~.~_l HUll: till'; GBlL11ilJot be mD:atl:UIrti-aLoo !!iiIU~~ there app'tiln; two t:ot :00 evM~tt ~!: ill ~Iwwi'"'i tfu1!i:. mf! .Dow~ .tI.'" a whlJl~, Of' 1I:'.ioo ll! !Ii~t: tlLti.lnbcr [Jr gr.fl!.;ij:io (t{ ~be.m, r.DL!lld.

{1!~~ II, j}. 5gB) all :rupL-rin~ r~~ ~1J,,!<:IJ_d{i:4~i.'. ~D_i!o ~l£. ·1.b:-_'=9iui(HI .:l e, S<i1iiHoJ, ~ .11. ~mlld!, &1 ~ .:it. .lh'f!'JIU .Mri'~, .lZ..~ ~~c. •. i'IJI..'1 il~ ;!i;;t'!J:otli ni'd.o· rl:":l~, !1t;\5~J 1" 1=:11, ;md IJF]:I:, GlJjLI.t.n~, "i?:tudEl:= !'III' !'.IUs100i;- :u'hui~~r~ Ik ].y-...a.II~': L..;; "'nii1ClIHJU!! d~ ~I,L'lc.'_ /lEft, :s (qJo51!o), 11.7. ~II). 5" ....00 ~ NI~~art<!! :--U D.!iD.w: ~I,i: Gill m.....,..,11 m~aiba 'If.lM- iXuJ: raltliir- O,~ 'ibI! ~ !moo. J. H .. 1iIW"!"! ,~ liL"'oJ;] r# w. Lal.)",· 1too.n9 1in>Jn'N ft= Ar#.W' ~ 'l=iJ: (,1.JJ. m ill A,l). 8ot:t} (~~Il. tB3!ilJ 111, po. ..;a~ ~ biro. 1li">IIIlLy 0L!l- ki."ti: ~ ~ ot!I" C<lllil:lI-i~_ 'l'JW: :inl!:rpl"WL'limr :II,~ ~tl"I~~ oon ",i<"Pdsis , TI' 79~ ~~., IP: 4~' ~~ ~ ~:Il Agj~ ..,."aJl4,@ .oxr'! ·::tlljrl.!1'frl"'lr! ~~a,,1io-' 'i'I'i#TI.R, J.1d!. ~ ~ . n~I;.I! D.rSM11DD.l:S", ~"TII 93 (ltl~I;I.), '223. clJl-;tidl!l!'.l1rt:'oUllli1Jiil:.o (In. ~ml.'~m.cl:1I1v:; n!tJl1eADilllHI1IWd. ro ~.a, membEr (lrL!I~ ~ rJ.l.'lI1<]~. 'Tim ':illLIlllt l!i: ~P.«'-!.

I ~T!R{I n LJC:'I'lC1 r.:'

~ ~ at p,~' o .... ~~ flotht.r ~1t..1.l1 C ~e}- Th-D'Llgh !~1jj c:aMllot 1xL. ?O~&~lsi\'dv

'Id dJt n:Jnlubti\>t: cl:f«_ of t.ln: C'l.'idcm·: .. : ~t~~)" ~lIl~]jCl~E.~ hU!I V1;::W. F"'1)~ ~ • die ~1 .. l[1'3J1!1J:" ofth~ r3mi~~- L< Gl~eJ.;;, 01' .I~)or~ ~a1T~]Y, hl:lll:lli~d La,i~[J,

A'IS'Wl~ .' Thenebere l

MOrt l3cilli~ .u.f .r\mw)io.n tlri,g;in brill." .Arlll.l:eT'itilll namee, en cuOC<: l~ 31 ~;Q~.

- .. aW-n~ of _~,=,rd;;m first 1);~~'I1~ :m1.OO1g thi.t DDu&t::s.. ".l"h.at of BilTd..ns ~~,. ~ tllt ~",tiOD. mil)' InI'C5.Ii:I.DlaM~· he C;;;;p'bi~,,,,d by a mat'r~'i: ~f tblat

.riJI. 1!10 = . ., Ii" . r ~. l_,' t, '. ..", t1-

0{ l)o:nw:S (Lydo.i.} wi~~1 aaetber r",lmily \"'Il'I~[l ~r.'I.TiI~nl[.t(.JcI 1~!; name,

~ ise th,,- fIB! n:uilts of ~ f':nlliLy's Jrlc'I1lb.K:r:3 arc :;111 GI'Cek, with i~dm~ll;~ KOI}.5(;1.ntULOO,:;mod Michael prea:iD1IililJl.lIting. F~LI:Ul.er the ])oul!;~ iJ-rigit:l~ [n ~:l.gt'lnili WAeI'lo'! LIn: ... \.mIcni;LrL irnpavt. \Y;b.li .r1.6~ 3I~ i~ atJ'lOOl~t.

La..o.dy. it 'Ih~ DOI1~~ had been of Al"lll'l1::nJ:m ong'nl, 'lh.ii~ would :5i\!it'~ly h.""!.'!!c Io:und an ~o in ~k lalo::: of dL-c~ OLllt:~tt)'. The A[m~na;m. or at 'l~illSt the eastern, bad:;:tOUIld cl' Ba::;LL~ias I L'.i b!:1lr.~~·"tL iu the c1E!1Uuth.1,~],~ ,derol:ruiI~, Erom die Ar=.c.ids j Lill;_~~ me Pbokades wh~~ nl.ay 119.,\,1:; originated in .'\mwIlEa tool prtde in ~lip:p:lcillg tni:!lt tfu::t hlLd aa ;:m~!~:r.o; the: Reman .Fabu bill ~dr mroogll th~ inu:rmedi<!.'f· of ~ia. [ Thia [rue of an, rml.':l!lbl ~~n,t i1 hOw~r ahsem in the di:'a:r:rlh-c.en~t'ry II.T'3tliJtian on. the o:r.igi". Qf tlt~ n~mbl_

Tht. fiJ~ oj If..f' ~i

M:i~, 1 !2Q4" there were three ,rli';lind f;nni.l.i~ of DoLl~ai, these Ctf the ~Ir '1=.111 om[UI!'Y who are alw,"y~ Td';::rTOO ~I;I h,y thr: =:.11;ltf: ftlnl'l, tlf~Iol~, lliJ!; :'>I-nall groo,p whidt Elourimed. under rs;L"i~!;:'!'i[J~ H '~I1d. ;U"P,: oOO:l:;il!lOiQlllally OlU~~ LY-.:![lL, i.!tviil MaJI.~ U-.t imp!:nai family iIl~ members of whlcll. !U~ !liGti,V!!:; duril1g ,,'h~ pt!rt'li"l1 rO~J 150'0 Much more Dnrrmrom dl-iln ~e three greups tuell. ~~~ ;:!!'I!: the \'jl.l"im.rs E~7.ilnt~liI~ rni:g;1l1 .. illy of other ilimilta" who acquired the name of t1ouk::l~ o11~ !n oomptr"f1d room ,.....wth o~hcr ~umaJh'K:5. (~.g. Doubs-AngICb· Klirnnl:llc.:a-'F;Ll~i.o!~). 'rne m;;lllllY CLIli~ in wbi.'th the name flf Deukaa entirely DVEnh.a.dowed Ihr,: pil.'lronymil; pr-oper 3hGULd aka· be ~.(!:I~tirnltl:! iTii ttu~ caID;g;O:ry. Tb~ :;'::Ni:LL IJm,ic.rily [If "Iwm 1!1I:11t,Ii,es. b~krflg of oout'X 00. 'tho!'! lI;lJ~:iiH'y, -til' Sit len:s~ 10 Ih~ · .... d]..;,o.....d,r.) cl=td~ 'bllt ,..~' QCc.a~omIlUy the ~fI~l'rn:-I!."i .d,;,o nq~IiI'ti...~11 lDwkni

m. hU]11,'bl.::r wsJ..k.5. oi lift.

Non m.;<1~(;r how W~[lFl I1t-f iR)I7.;lII!;ne OOOOfpt ~~ thL:: 'I,lnhr 'Of ~hl!; f~lJ1I!i Iy, 1N<tt1 iii l"J~rfiClil.l ("41JIpiif13OJl ~~ DJUI,1; ~L:r.i:' was rml~ net mueh in 'Commtll) ?rtw'ttn die 'kn~h.-~t\i1)' DOIllkc:i. ;lnd dl1: impl!lhl f"lln1lv of the later pl;r.i(lrt. nle ::m~u.llle"'o(Itll":1o r;;f the r"')1 Jnl,=r nud1:ll fill a tlec;~d!l:r and tile house owWl iJla UlIWi!b.~ r<lm~ l)!J lhe d~d~ penl.otJrl.elJ by Al'ldruniloc.. :i and KQJJ1;5.1nntlnl"f< 3. ~rn.c: mnd!'rn lC..Mr!al ~.ll,;l""~ sdvaneed !.hI:' ... ie ...... th«L tkes€: liTi~fI, belonged to ;llt=: ~-p".!Wotrfu& ].rn:1~ .... 1 ilfl:n~.ot:r.!ry .-.r til': ,"",~I'rl"lIl f-!1~]11C~ which eouht not r'l:OPI~f:11.~ Ll~'o'd l!,1 Lh~ rather hUTIlblt: lr'K":ial brlC~1 t~lml I'If L;!O:I~ V]. IJ~ a ~r.:.'It.lt 11'1 .I~ RI~ that ~il J"I:wILI~ (i.~. t~I~1 or Amlmni!«J!o :i from [1Li: ji:!-:r1~ ~ Kaoo.lL1 ur ~ rh r- .aLtl"ml"lccl I':II~IJJ Q( t) r:!oJ .:Ii"f: KiW'i nr",,'JJt hoc:JiIjJ'~ 1her lj~~~l 'I1.olW tr"'i"jur-.nt ~1I'1I~h""'U:1I11.ry d lalli"l~g~~ ~tl in'l'l""rhd ,imh.orit .... ,..,..lIidl

o(;UlffilIUtfti I dll" ~ I JI"4()IP" ~rii J~ I r "'kl ')'

• - II ~ I "-",,r, I iJ .~ r.1"01 U IIlI f'~lo!I<~.I1~ dIJrilllg !hl' 1I~!i.~

~ fA Bailooli.ot 1 r ~ 111.-r - J . I

. '=" Q\o{(''III:r lin ......... It ":II'~ lh:L[ I hr- Unl~kr;"l lJI)~~.:o;:tl

(1 r ,.. ~,Ii. .

... I" tlrl'r:..':IlI~;.J ~~II" .r 1I1111~'·.I"'.m: IL Fl. 11.t111~ s, 'll . ." r.lII"llilit;h

I II!' IP'f'l~.AI J"~"'ll1 II. "'I ti" Ald. I III 1\,.1'111 III "IfIll", .vM.

j

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;;i~riJ1~!J!",d rEimilla, 8~ thw the ~1"4:)~ of ~hd!l" l~lIJiLe -sp:r~r:l !';liJL turther. '1.1ti!. p'j)~r.i:gc !l!.f the '!1I;uj}~ 'I,',I".;JS lO a grl!il~ r;t;{OCrit ~U];! i.W tlae i!'I!I;)fn:ia.s~ of Ei~ ~ to j);iOOa5 KQmJ1>l;:IJ(j~i ,mt! :!I~er." ~lflbcir IP;LJljJ~J!hiJdJ"I!~, ecl'fl.C.laUy !'I.dDpl~d it. This

"pL'8iC~t'l:L: w.'!!; not mnl~b~~d w tlLti KO:Il'lltLt:Mi !I;~. The }\hF-1tlL, ~c ~sin can also L:II: ~8I~ te 'E~e :Mj. ~J,.;c ~~ 'bi.rtli 1.6 aC'llI!!",;il Douhi 'l:'Ild. it ",,<'If' 'LnJ1TofQ ;J, bL'an.J::h [If these In iEpifllll; that pn:)'l'gl dyn..,lITIk iIOllalililio w p~[I.'"C ~ tJ3'[W: ~r:J ""~"eTl1I GL'C~,]! until tb):! OOul'bJ::J::ni::l~ 1Oi::IrLt'lJill'- A gl"i!<"'1l nUillbcr r.tf~i.Jailar C,UB aN: iI"tt~[~d in ...... hjdh the 'I~a..m~ !;If Dool;l.,!!; ]l; bnc"ne aJ.tKIg m~h ~li".IlIf oth~ lWble :i1.l~.l"IaLI!le, OT where ill oomp!.oetEl~· ~['l';ba.d~ ;,jIild r<:plil~ed th;::: pTL'I:rQ-· l1.ymi.J:;.l. hi o:::!:I;.;~i.u fal11ll'i~ iJ;" i~ IJQ[ d~fi1;::IlILt ~O fi:nrl tl1ie ~]IIJ)."1~r.ll fur tlrre: !I,.glJ!piJcm. Ij}-j" &1! ~tam~ ;I![pl to t~a()~ ~~, i:ldS"j;llI. whiJ~' iIil (:,.tb~rCII~ dlis. is jmp[!~-·

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be ~arid to be rnule od~~a,n~ 'It! KI)'IlI:S!iW1il"ll;1:l 1':1 :1Ind l:OOnne':; 13. '"[1l'£ ethers ';"'~N: moot [i"J'cbablr nlll!lubJ:E:!la[ :;urJL fa1illlLiEi: ii:; 1~L£ 'K(lrr1[l~, ~ Br.:t'~['i~w:i. 'iJh-:: Ki1.Tn5'Lll1!i:IO'~ tni."! Pal.8ijolofljoi I 'ilruJ the r·I.~tgelni. W]w tblJLigM k lllQ~ ~~tcl.i~t 'to 1~ !!i\ILW by the: T:I!IImll1. oM th",~e dp;ta:J!t ~l"Io:;aw AMT1;iI!t~OO ~,~_ Nooe 41.kt malt df:;~endLjH1a aHln: iimrEl'or "K,o.,m!'l!l".i!il~oo l'fI :Ii~ ;u!. JE!.'~;,.u l ~{K1 "f"ld. the-: ,00' lvI:; bronthe::t' IonT1~f:3 IJ tro ngl !lOC['IiI III n,."1'!.'i:i liVE.!. '1::i~l:!ruJ t'~ rciddi.e I"J,fiJJJf: ~fvtI.L\h O!mury- lL roli!:) .... ':! t'hiJi!llL [In!!lt all i)fI'lllt.-U (I[ the 13i~;::' r:ritld, !l:VEli U11~m."~ 'Whose gJ;:II.e."1.1c!l:~1 po:i!!iiOO1~ is ~Ot;llJ~' 'lTIIlL'fI~e. JI.'Wi>t h;::]!:Ii~g 1n ol)'[]w:r F:uniLlI!S wh~clLillibl!rltro '~lP. i"la.nl~ tbJQ1~~h I'I"Ir.ilt; FeIIL9.Ir" allCe:;1t'llt.,

'hrt:; 1 ~ I ;Lm:l 'I V af thL: p"i!.SCil't work are OIl'I1-t'e["lll;:o \ ... ltli lh~I.lI!Jlld:;li wLlIJ Iroozlcnp; '1;0 ether f.mliLie::;;. III f'arl' ][1 1ht;)~ [l.re jko!:tdJJtdl HI~t.:r d~ v;lJlmU l~ iIi.'Gm wb~ch thl!ci SPEILll.g, aoo .ilL Pari IV :\1'1 1~1.;i~~ '(JiI)1~~ fl'll}n1 the ~"o['iflh cl!I"Imry 1~r W r.~lg Iln:: il1du~. It tLM- no!J.t prfJ\'Cd 1~1b!e- ~I;) 1~'l_Ilt!I'<h dl~ ~['Ov~liLhce; o-ft]LC5i": tamilid nl" to s1ww ll!!ll'" !l1o:'1 c:'IUle" ~o;J. :u3("lp! 111.(' liu.~.'·

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birti1,' Parl at ithdr pr9dgl:' ...... """ ~Lu,- ,0- the ID-I:;~ l·h .... L ,.."on>: -t-( i:lndr ''''ob::I~l.'!:F.io 'iI'C~ ~_[]d2j~ed -wiJtl~ tJn~ t~lJ.ooe jJ.:!i P.l1L[l~ ors Dr ~m~~"-':iJ I.HIIL axain "!-1I.Cll Sin associa.iona did not It£~ .. ilV ~f~!in"'d a f.:1mi~y f~QIJ1I ;;.;r,itit::i!'m.~ Butthe DotlJ::lL .... ·~e p1J.~ll.)' arp.loIdor;:[l.....r:ry f,'l:h" tl:"~ai:ru(;IiI~ b~' tL: Hy::.13I1ti!IU: ~"..it~r.s.

1J:..et~[i1pj:S. to tbc «:o~·h.tefill:Lir:r !)IJ~I~~ !l"L::lkct ::!;omimtioo tQr li1-=i r ur..Lrtl""'o' wbc~ th~ ~i,:.c"",!ZJl1lh"~!'I1;l.II~:r dyn1L'"i!,)' at", ill~nti.ctru:ld in. r.1iher djJf=u ~~, 11:. ~ tIIl!~ u)[!,'t, h~i'e 'WI:! D:rJl1.'l: acN:M (sr,In!l;ila.IH. pr,l!.i~ f(lll' the: fi:lat1iLy'1 di.:3ti;nguj.!lli:d p::u;t; bill the d'QC:I; n.;yt appLy to 1"bl:: Llttlc .kMWVI fi!lll:.ltlW c[ Kl:ltI!>iJllI,tLncrs 1 !I' but ~g ~.~ (;-arliI;:L' 'DclJI~1;!:O [L'Om whQr.r.I the imP:::r1A~ IlJli'lt:iI: ~ 'i:ltDU,ghl ~IJ d~.c:nd.. T'J~'bupcri.u rum'~ itsdrmus~ ba\'tJ; (:l'LOOUr.(l~ ~~Lot. CffCi!UDl\ of the l~d!:: ..... II~h U('Iked it with 'tb,;t:! f:fLrliff OQI!IJ,;,cJ and ,,;i'iJt.'h ltt!Il!L:"l I'Iu: ~hr~ ooon'F'L.iat~n~ ~ the fum1ly apfi~ for i!ilU! fiLilt ~im~ i1~ lh;;: wdul!Igl> of 1·~~I!!llIoS.J who rollY h.J1, ... ~ fa.bril;.aflld UI>!:1:l rGports, He ooJltiir.'i.U<,n~· L:tnuDl'limm1~ dJ~ I!ICp<:L-'(t'i' [-aT [;,I!'; ~i:ll!olE alJl~~l '[1Hia~~'lilJ.::I;o;;~ of Dw..l~da ihAiunes 111m :utd anaehed the ~ithel.!:i or

I -rl1e pK'11IP1CiiD!: 1IJld. I~ G~ cI ... 11. i",p:,,:do.Ji'il EuniJ,y (lr I~ (-;,,~) '<T'I'I" ,,~['ui'llU'f' lJfur.I!I ndmiit;.oL 1ft iii!: ,iI)'&lIl'''~' kJU[ ;L! ~ ...... :·;.:u]XIl1.1i!11.Wl1.!! :""Q dHdd.o'r;u;(!,· ~ Ji'~IBI~ it ~L [0 (:rI:;I'I~ D. class ~1';11r::: 00 an ~mintl'! p1I..5t ~(:, Pr,,_JUl pridod. WCII..,d .. 'e!: I:ll rhl! fin-I pi.l>l:~ 00 Ih-:!: ~ ::Jdli~~",,"en!.:l: oi 'l.l:...iI' 1!i;:I~..ll!!r.; ""hile II,,:: o:i;:lW!nJi .... 1 nrieIIlUili:}' il3.:lf,... ..... na.i.h.1!r !J"I'HI~n;uoo !;:I 11Li:... Hi!IIOI! tll~ >~lIdlkn. il.:m!f!Iw..:tlWlt.e ... r Jlu!.;{r h.",illEi ~~ Mi,l 1= bE.wu,r, ""ILnl1t but in \i'I"f<'::'~ IK",IiI1!J{I,rr ei::.il.:loo 1 .... ',!"1 i.be:rolt'otinll:lru!ii'>l! a[1l;.;:1D :mtll 11 u .:10 .liKI. Ib;:ir I~h soci;U ~""Iir.lg. 'T,h~ «orn1:"oL ~G}~ i!IKiuB~t III" 1:!:}'2~ '1>cri<,,1 "r penpk ""r ~I'I'! :JDtI. MlIJ'IIJir .:«isil:. wlID "~I,ili-,!iI 'IJJ.;: 11:El~t o[!~ ~ !Ilt: ~il'!l ...,=,. ~.;-uk r.!.~" r: rIbUi 1iI1~ ~q"'li",~. 'TI~ sirikillG; <'.:l..::.::I. d thi .. 'iill!fo!: lb..!iiLICi(l!j !, ill"it f~m;,'h' .,rlh.e !K.un.i:J~ 1~1:e II]; the cl",,'O'/lh ~ul'}', and Im:"~ IliThroo!nPld~lrnqi<.-lh.e rLL1!J11: rlll~a~ 11'~""'lwdilh. L;:UI!::lIlI!xy ~i'I1J.li:: ... r 01. riUlliJ!;';j P!JS"t ;d)"iI(I!'! l'tm;Jili.'tti. ,fH>PU1;.r·; )..,.,., lilt. "",]3. prlm~~ ,,1.f:UI~ ;].I. ;J. I?I;II"'jli:r.-..:::i'it 000 W1i!i <!r:iJII :.::i.bh:: ~IJ ""Ii.'.::5. ~, Ji~ tihe D\lI.Ll;;...u.. had ~ .. dl .Khiie\..ro := r4CJ'1~(jI'i.L ph .... '" in. ~:~Ll' .. ~ Lr.>tC lfI",mdC'izOlJ:i,,1'! I)~ It.:: Di~;' ~I~' iElml""IB p(o!:!,l~mTIg riEV!"! aooL!~ ~~r.I!:y, ..... ~ing ' .... hlm, 'l.b:-flmC]!o' oflWm:Ilj&'; ['if' 'IMU- rnltil'>:l~ .md ~;IS wiilh lJ.r. ~~pciOIl (lr 1,:11 I~:ib.~r ... IOCI hoy fi"'o'illdng 1Jr~uli*'=riilly ;Jl;1!ir;:o! !Iv!' b.....n~,l ~mm'=ll~ ~ 'iJII ~ ~I!c Jii!:J'!d.:iI;;L-ry J'lobi.o.: '1,l!:a.llmu; !.~~,.-rWr,:!l' ¢1~ l~ .r....,.;~.j ~ I'roil ,.::rl~uj:,"';;;lin- yol . ...." ~aw .. ;oW "l1/4a~uj)' tV..~",T1JO rMT,4, .~[I!l. II, fl. J ~1 ..

lI'"r It,~ ilyuntin.e HIe.", III~ oobiliLy;o;<;f !&. Ckrl~ruil, 1i'iI"""d' di! III ..... ~ru.u.('~ ~ .L~ b (fIJ..;~ ~~); pp, ::t-~j R .. Guilh:nll, "1." TIQl:ilti:I.O!! od~' ,-;.Bi! ::t 1Iy":lce-I:" l1S; ~ c I [I;?I.:¢1 .. :p1""""' ii, (tbr: 1I.'dlihor .. i~\"I' ;L''',l "ii..:l~ 1I1~ Cli'l>!k ~1Ij used If,,:, ~W! d,..-:.ien~oon ,ff1lnl:ll:Ly) ~ rll, .... "I-l.flci, .Lim- d'aro y /iI ..... hlltin-,fo 0.;, (LDc.dI;l", !~l. I, if',j). f;.-.ojlHl:d~1'n lM~t iJ,~ !!risl«i " <'P:'obili'r,.' .,r ~rlJI !" El)'cl!'iclum) i '11'. ,~ ;11 D-l. ,19 (l~, ~~""""7' l~ .. Vuillim!. "["" lnl.YllIIIi,'::"" 1i£M!:d:~~H: ~ ~j]t~ 1I1>l:iiII~irr:" .<Il Jl.fu.TI~' I ~iiJro"~i.Il, I} (~Ia, ~!i':'i!J), 1~: f!]; (rl, B;:. 53

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III g,'l '!/!'1l"i.allL": ''/iI:L~~n~ uf Dig.:::nl:;.": th"'IHIUli: of Dln.!WM ~ l!'Ii'rtiml:li['l ... =::w.ci-

~~~ ~),'Lth ~.h'C e:L~-Cli'I>1!flY of th.:: nU~IJ. h~ro.' Tile: rn.:t·l)r.rn:d ~1~JI1.r1r.HhJ!r ef'Digrnes ~ CIIJI.OO A:111'1ld 1)llIiIifa.:;,-! :~ml 'lbia. L.il,Ht::~·,; w:lr~ vm.t: :!llro of the 'Rlmr. ~:" '~r diL~l~r l1itl>cn.;::, tbi.!t i~ tile :mMh~r (:J[ 1l.~ hero, i:s. I)f ""Imr!~ a ..!'Ia-L~<I'(;I, ~ Pir,lL1L1, .uI!It1il"e[' gen~:11 D.lruIw1.r. h~~n'le the [.j'i.tl"t::[ I)f .I~I;:~~ IlJI.C maiden ',Nhc lc~ninl Di!;1!i~.! Allb.aIL!.;,,"";" th~ Lum~ .1re ~L~ta.nt eehoes I)'F GC:T1i~~n hi::;[ofL-cs.l ie;I.lit'i~,r tlu; ::1GtLviueB I)fim3~~'i.dml;l h~1:.1 iJL the qMC ijlrPr. p'!IJ'i!1y f~titiol,l~- .Ln [11:1ftir.}L11IP.1[, the F'te:.:tltGgy ~;I. quite lI'nf;:'l'IUideci in r:'1/l!t ~utdi: ::l:I bla: bi!.:JI obsE.. ...... 'Cd. ~ltell dLi: ::t/I1JthLiL' oftbt:: ~]lii.c '" ... -u: ttbligOO ro np"I:I1r~ i.! GL"«i~I~l'TlIi I~' hi!!:: ,.LvDid.ed the d~IIi.;:lLlt'Y by .ca1J~I'I[ ~~~!:l ~.i

Hut t:Ul!li ~I)" ti:lJ!: f~;;:1;L'Il.l:Iuin:; tn;!it such h.erop.:s. iJr the /I,cnti.;: haI.I.3d~ II::!!

FbJ:pttrlfihs, .£{OiiU:t:I!.·f'JGn, XantillllM, _~ro~~kom: and 'I'M: 11M. ;!In:; >C""idt::ntl.r m't.OOl!lloo ,~pt:lt'L th~ ~IHh-tC;'lllwlx}' Dooke: .. Jiu)lOO.g tltEriL KOOSt.1l1l'l:Imfll 3 i!; pt::dRi.p::: tbE; mO!lt pUl'luJE!/f !'lMt'IlIRliI.y IlJf his deeds ~a'rI:.l:II::~n {!lIng in fj)llI; ~L1)·. H.i!. ~~cia.tioJt, wiidll ~ tlllL'(liJI.C', 01:' ["'.Lum· nii nlDu~flll hill rot' tQt:: incpcri:;;L ~r,t::e:r~~ittl)' ~~pI1",hr.::l> I!Ju: WETI,," (If 'p(lrphyri.ct~ ::tIFiQ ~Il!i ''/ari~n~ L~e. bl::: ~~ to, :~tld 3IlfuL'l:~tLllI~iLt ia'l'l-pni(ltlrn~t ill. S~'I'i~ v.12 r~~mLhl.e: tb:r u,,,, 1L3Et::. oJ1f:&no1'I~I!. ~p!JI~" ]~~m.Ii.~~·! dlilt i~, ~h;; hioo~-~

, G.c f~~ ~l.lIie:Soon ;,; ~r.t..I ot:"f l [. GJt'!¥I;~ "EI~ HJa L'F1.f>"pbe bp::i>l~. flf.(:, .:¢o ~1'9~h ,i$ '56~ 0CiJ;111, ·,L'l'J,gll ~IriiqU!! d~ II~-, MD"'1'; Kit#l, ·0 ;jI!~ 'rio;,ff:rn~. ~2-5J, 5.. Ilf,()!II~r.i, ii ~ iMrill'Lll, :l..' Ep.$p: J( lIi::.::!!~::' CPk«n=. ]94'3'), l"9'. 'W~i2,

~~ar tbl: 'fir.I\'iLu.::a: gmt:::',ll1iIY or DilFnB ~IA'J, Mc.'I[~I'dr.1.IJo,. .o:~"Un"J:ni (CI!od"m:orI, l~l. ppo. 2~f"':;'; ,\.. ~m.l!li. 'JI,h!1ID!: itO'lr. LJJ..!1"fpX:;d.>l!i:Mtinn', A~ ~t. (l.pz). I ~4&.

, &~ Il,~ ... ~ ,.1.' TMbi" .... uiI ('Jl'. ~i) !'iIl!:fI ..... lIIlms (~" ·1f!11~' TI,r. Jolme 1I,:'I.IL l:t: ofl.wHl,~

'2n':.lL"r.ilfi]al"k.~ UiliLll..iu (Al!~ Y'.~ ... ), 'A;{l,..j"~...:-J.M~KI.~,c(""nill'tiI:..,,, ,~~ • .md

• A,"";",Jq' Jifil """r .G:i: .... ~ {Gro1~J.:iJ, w, v.~-

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'I". D::t!1, ,!y.l,loe.:; '11_ t:,l.1~) ""I.d!l;:;"'](ro~ (ie, ",,,&,,,r'l.) ':"" .... ~i'1'~O K",~,.;~ ~t:rntlIif~!IJ!,~, i.'6;)j -r.rd::ikocoi v, 8·, ~.

, 'fr.dt&imDiI v, [105; O~,ro .v , ,~ .'

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M:JL'~b~, il. ~;i) ,.t.X.hi J'>:oI:]ld.l'l~wibl,.:f .J.OCIlu..,L m.,.¢l~['I;:'1'~ use (If rl!c = l~,

~ tl;i.:i., p. ktciio;,

~ G~, "0 iI.l".f.:' • ...:Io:p.:l'R:', 11· !is,

PART II

MEMBERS OF THE ]!)OlJ]{AS FAMILY

AN D!I. 0 ~n:'-D5, D CIoU,)i; I,.

ro'i" 8fi4 l'uiidromkOli t:O~t~r ~",itl!1 'l~lJ<IjtFljtli1ioo .'\rgyJ (r! wtu. ~!3p;:1'kh.&I Lo 111~ ~t wilJ:>re OOthIJ1ffL :!'Icl11'lJ~~d greaL ~Il~ueo; ;t,g.1in~t ~h(: Ar,j1oo, I ""'idlirl [hi:!! ~tittiJl:;r ~~'" m'LL';[ 'lJi.~w 1:~~ C&llUpaill!;n Clr AUOl !:!nilbJ!l, aSl'llmt tlt1! tl'il.\!!l ,;" ~[;tr';l!d'J (Gi::rlll!lot1il:~,) in th~ ].I!OO~th of MtLh[rnr1l!lJl {If the yGFir 00' the HCl!:il"llo ~a:2 {i_~. ,13 N~etTlt~r-l ~. Do::.r:mb:::r ~)- 'fh~ ~~F~~ntiThr. i1t~i1,r~11i 'w.rrt!: rn;::~ by 1hi: ~l1!DllLil'Ct:lI~;d:1o f't:roo~ .:is' :\1"a'"Z:il!:iiL (:MoFtJl.cIl!!:;lli!l') ;;IlLt3 TOJnLclI, bl.clt ;:!jr:!:'i:I~i.ntl: jn rnr" l",T';IO kli!l.mp;n 'r;ILal'i, t1fie"Y ~rged 'l,'LmoriOw. 3IElO 'a «;.fliIin LUlmbc-r 13'r ~{iJf,lb(j.s ,WEL"C .lI:i.ll~d·.' [~ '" po!erni"'11 k[!~ ;::If m_I![)1'I (:hl)i'~pb1;tk~~ iih~ v.lILI]~ tlf r~larnL( TCh~LOm be11~ Vi,or.[\1! ot:.mi!ltl1::;I~~ ltL 1!llZ ~ or ['(;Flr:;Jj!~cl. rer:enl lfy;;:a'17i!.iL'c; vii~~~ Am[)tlF:: "':b(;~ ia lll!;!;.I)ooJWd 3ID ~!mMrnil'liLry deed of Andrr:tilii¢ ~'l/In(;n ~,wa::i :!;ii.'d to h.a~~ pu~ to od~'1th ~ghbP.P,J'l d,';'~I!lOlIlI'Icl ".\n.'bs .in. ihe :f~11 O[T;H~iI:I~.] The gl\%!; ~"l:aW-r.:!i!jI:<11Ilr thls jla~~r:iL\ eannotae dct"lkd il~ 'l,'WW of th1~ l1il[UT':' and tho:: t'li'lL~ oCI! Cboil Qi3PMI!;~ef letter, 'lik.!'I: it illd ic,;:,~~ ill!; gr=!1. imFL of' (hoi:! ""h:!!:I~U:! of ALldronii-ws upon hi-; cen~~[]para!l"i.c .. 11L(: <p,pimdoe ~I~w~l El;bm h;:: lilLkd widt the 'l:'t1mp~,'gmi tiC e: '904·

i'i,~ .iu simi I~~~, 11)C ooump4 payilW:r1! aucnuon ~o Gi1~r(!bI!Liimt of }'Llld rnniJ.:r,e; DDU.:'I tni!l!lL to his mn;H;~ry s.pl{ltt!. Yet ;;In ::t~;:;I~r.~!'" n.'4,:'L"'II,::I[L IICIlWm of the v.lL iOIl!! ~1i[g.ea in tl-i~ rel:H:illiliml M woell ,;1,'1; ii!!l; CJ::IL'II~[~ ~I'ithi Oilier i:it'dLT?Ctl,v ro1n:J:oeti, events, rn;.o.;E'till!:l rn:;lom~ didbl;::III:IJe; ill ~'.ie;w of cirrol'lQiflflli=l r:.'=I[Itra.dL{;ri.o~, di.iTt!'oo.t e v aLuali.Gns. ,1ntl ;~rI. lIJ'I.Of:lIilCeill~ bh..; fer OL' i:'Jgflkl~1' ~a,~ p:l.n~~ ~i!lI~cem~_l

Bn go!j, j'!.ndronlb% ~p:p~~~ to ba""",,, C(I~,rtinll-W ton oI:!p!'.L'ttJLe: ~j} e~1~m .. \!l:b.

::i. I Tbenp3'i, OJ"I., J!1I. 3JiG-::1, It VwlIIiL IH: II'II!LOO {ll~~ I~.xh~ ~-e.~.orn: "n;)'"'li~ Llg~ibe~ CJjJ 1!Jo ~ lhi., ",",pOOitioo. I~~ J.. L'::odr"u, 17.~. ·L11.~ W!:IIt ~ .... 1 • .11:<.1 UO:IJJ7['o!I1Uy "'ii~ ~h .. IHiI!lrilllJdlil:ll!tt cl fumlJr<'L'-"~ IT~ PJT1IJ."hll( be ;:;,ni~t1oo 00 Iit,j: }_r .qo_:::, (Ion lh .. Il.lrill& ~ ]I:.J, H. J~n1iiru, 'The "l;I~H" of:S;mu;.ruJ", ~ul!im, ;.J! (1'9Ji.Sl .p, i2~j'; i'; J_ (..':IIJUitd., .Detu;: "pi. iII"iIlJ::Io &::s re;lfiQIU <;IiflluiUliliqu.13 ;o;J"lI!I .... -hy.mnJ:il1l~ ,"1.1 Xo!: u>:::'k:". holi'ill'n ;J'£f!lJ:Ju Orii"mo,,~ ... (oh: j'lr.dt'ilxlt Fmn,;;; .... de .Ii)il.ml$). 1l (1'9"'9.l~ 1), ~!i"":;~ .'i.. T', K"""hd:= illl A/b.d);:1n.~-.J. N!tuk. L",lila!, lslll"'. Dill' Ilr",,, s: ,,:'II::;.I,ij 1IY;>,.wrr lt Vda (;"o;[.,~'" I~~!.I~, L!o.. 139' ~~I;IIiI':'I. OOfll8'i~my 0C0 1Iv:: !;l,l!"";:ln 1v..mdt'1.i.O!1 (ir ~~ P\,l!II &1I"iU""'): C. dtllltflif, ~rl~ .i!"uligmii: ,I:.'ill .AiIIL~ oS'''' Gdu&7:~' lnh Ju M'MI'o. 11, NNti-9J!1 (Bc:r!L:'I, dllJD~i JilJI. L2~-g; R, J. !H . .Tor.nI<V:r.;, 'll.r ~~~koPt:i11 JiL.:llJr1rr:"f il'f'iho:: "'I.oli!:'ill~re'· ro:<:" Ihe }'~;)J"I: /l-h. fIIl:i"""'!llI!!', nap, I!) ~ I !W~, s so,

, &~ i\, A- '/:",II<e~, Jij~il';'" II ft.r dl'l'b.,::i, II (wJ ~!R.....,,;:.I!;. t~I'I), JI. 19~ ,f. CAn<ll'li. QJ" cil~, £I. !foJ • .<IW,""':: ;; 'A;i;P::,,-.; • .;,,~ dR '!",; jl.(p~''I'ffl; 'T".!"'~;;~jl(il~""':' ~"~,iJ;,;WL :roi~~~m~l..,""". :TIl;; ~r ~ .,.J.t "&,,"I~ Tal} 1::.~I"';U • .;'.! ~i'ir.:.J~ • .:~ lJ, ... rl'll om"'''' .....r1.'TO"'j; j~ 1', KIITlill-!'I.';~. ',\~Lb!!S' &'.!!i.HI" 11:;1 liI.e: E.mi~ .1. IkJII"""''''''/' 1I, o.IDi:Ja' 11!Y.i!1j'Fo,}. ~ 'J"hro k(lrr i. ",""",1Jn:I w LeQIlI ChlJi~I*,~1011!:I; l.J.:t It-J- ~1. jJ:'lIkiru, '1..0;:11 l;lhlX'l"O!llh"'::I",,,;mII (I,r :-;.",,,,,,,.,,1 \,i.:"rrr'". ~ .,.,.U; l'UIp-,,,,",, I '';1!iI''1:Ir~ 1IUfrJ"t.I, :3; [I~), ~~ ,\,~" i;T,ll or£. [" K;",lil1.-HoJ,\ It!" ... 'c\Trih.,.. ~;JIL~rL","pl1 ... ,.::ld ned ~ 5<1111<''''' Vl'I'ir: !t. ~:. (!9.Il~), '1'''''.0 I. AI""'" 1';or.m !he r<'"r;:rrrm' ~II _'oollllni);(Itl, ~ le-i{B" ~P'l~ko1 "I~,,[ Iih" '''io/~I ,\i;1W'i I!rf'li.:,,~ ;,, !I'fi"L

, Th~1'I:; ;1Ii'" iI~ lI'i' .... fd "r...,.-.:e II'_L! dE;]1 ""';1111 ~h~ k.!1i')"H1I ........ !::Io .:or .wII"!;lILi'b·,' Iii .. , .1"It'

",I;n'cli"k:. lCE'I1~nmiIlH' h:.:lm ahr. wor'l< "I' ~IIII _L"1lO"lhJ:"I"" ~~hi:':l~ brir~ i!~ ~!;t(jUy id:eT1Ji.('!~ m IDe: p,,,,,em rul:', "'''I}' Thn~, "~'~L. ":'.",11 ~ nIN\, 'Iii:' Lifo- ...r ~L I-;u.h,mll', (I:;': ~4""". ~.( 1', K.l.,lil1 .• t~~I'f, 'Vi'''' ~. EU1IL'fTLYii', ~.r. ~!i~j7 tl ~~[lr~'i71, ! J:p, too U!~-.,I I'~I ~l .... "'1 1:1 'R'Ii"" of I\:~'lt rlln".i~~. "J1yr .dJlJ:l'lltlfl rhl'l:"lTlfi~' .i:op"'IItLo liP;""" Lk.t'" 1-0:1111.'''' ,,"IIH-ri~1 :L'!I ,-. fi~h,..,. !l'r; 1/.i.b ""u~iII er LIII' I'[ .. iulll ",r L~I"'I~ ~Jm.'C'Ii1'k: :<:t". I;~ ill>I..i.':"tN" ,j;.,. L~ ........... 1 .... <'il. ' ~r· 12li .,,_ 'iii, GI1'IIIIi'I. '~"I<'"l dl"'i1"Ii~IIIU07': I..J. M' ..... '11~ ~l .... "'I, .... ub.- rr~LL~ ,,'(01, I."", \ L. I.u., l.i"IIt' n.loUi~tI'Hinlt;ri\L'~' 1«:;1, "¢j (1'ijj.~), _'Y.!-ji ;Jffi~'!" "1, J.~ ,. I.; I!.;,iiI I I" ~I .'i.III ......... Iii.· •• '*". ,{ij!;!ll~. "l~tli ilL 1 L. ['Iulh':;, "TI>!' 1)'1r. nf IJ,,· ~i' ~""\ii.!o:I 'Ulo.'II'i,1 1111 I'hr 14:'- .. r II' - 1;-.11'1 ..... '·' 1 ..... 11 ... I', AUlWII ..... IIJ (l9,V!'l -'!i=I, [1:rn 1,,1, dl' • ,L nl'" ~, I i-r, I 'I~"'" 1t"I!o' 1"1', l.1 L II ,', t-..,'1>J II~ II~ ~JI" .r.~<IIw.:, PII, IJ~ '1; Jfl'-'l".. ..... '~.n!o L ~ • ..- .... ,.~hrr.I)f' "",~ 1111' il'-iToP.,1"I \\.i, I', ;: ..... '", I'i, . L • .::. ~'Jr .• .II (IIrIi~~,' I ?~, r'L IlJlllh11lll"o'll'li r,,.,,1 IJ.f "'~I~I'1""il II. 1-.: ll" "II I~' ! .... ~l ~ I"' L, Lh' 1/iii.1

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Elllt. 1M 1TI:IuhlL';."; !:If .r'\ndl'QTbilko~ did 1l>I)'t e'/1o'd .....n~., hils deleetlen. 1f tlse drrtoolit:.~ aft: !D be be~i~, niL(; !!JiLjX:l'(H- w3,j ~Ll.tJltplL1o!ll1!t P;U-dOfdlJ!I; njm ~!I,jI wjtb thi:::l in vilE.\'" he :n;n~t.!'!I i~t!L":iI" lrii.>rildtng Rim to return ill ~mitTI'1II"~ Oll'lce. j"[Ir..:t(:; the l;e]tto:;t.'.11Il filfo;lLLVot \¥fLjI UJ~lucky. 'TIll!: CoI •• fLy S;:U~IJJrla.::l rucaltdo:l if' EJi:rnuf!.'IJtll!j ~h~ Arirlb mes:s~gt:cT m r'l! ... r .. ·ll1Jt.r. p..mp~l)"r':f! I~tt~ tr.. tb~ ;"-hlo:lim ;ruthlflrbti.e:l 'I)f bi:.! ooun~ry. ,iIu.;a L'(:c!uk And'to::KiJl:;:oo i'!.\ii.'h hu. ()OO~Ji'lUl,it:..Jt::I .... '8.:3 ~hfOWIl wn!i:! I?-ri~L <lind in Ord;~f 'bO ,;;tve hi;s; h"o..;J.oJ!, hI:: W;!!!; oOOn'1J!"!'!ll~ "l9 ~hr.J.C.l! I.;la,iJ1-1l ·W~ OIl'e i(!fr,I['rncd 'Ill" .~I':D'!lis."jjd1i d"iat this oonV~L [001.1 pl&.e:; .fJ.1 the i.Jlt~rs.atiQn oCIf ~h~ .CJl~~h1 Mukti1.·~, i,~, ~[jm:~ time be!~1"l!! .!\·Ll~t oy.t&i wben iIlu!. c.alip!1. dk';! .l~ No ITIOIT!P. w;e:; ~~d of Ancl:.DnikO! Dow.:. and his death must bavr!It='Liire<L tI(J~ :iglllR w~.::J"~~i:Iord:s. Tt i;s; p;:;i~h!r.. tl1::il.t ~nm;; of hi!. oemeades ....... 00 EJFC=lliia!:JLy i!lbo I!.po'~11i,!he:d: had !!JLLllC~J,jJ eal'~CM a:rrtOng the Arn.b~'~

Ap:;lE"t frqun the ~iJbl..:; ftmJii~;I)IlI~ of .?milJ'cl:li.'kcj, tM purelv -dt!"-Emi'.((; ~11;LJiLCt>C[" olIf bis. moves 'Io\IaI. tlL.v~'_'1h::I 3Jlltl tlH:L~ app~El.11i to- be ltoI) ~lr.U:.1!- ..-.t ;'I;IJ~' arLicrnp\ aimin(!:' ,at tbe dl00~, It WQ~'~ I::II~ !1ijiifEk'ILlll tI!:IL bt;; ~~. wLth she .... ersion r,tI' Lo~!"'el!ti 'that hi!!; "",,1th-dr.<l'!.l1'::!l1 tu Ki!.baUIi. ''O'M ~'1I:7!lt3 by d-Io!! ~C.b~ES olIf 8!lm.IJllli..:3, The Lift. c[ Sit E"LIt~:y~ wl~i~h. ~,xicnall:r ltl~ a 'lilgue iiU.g![e&TIOJI .tat j\1I141"!:Jtul:.oioo mrert;1.iruil !"iIoch Id~b ~1(Jp~i~ unoorwilldnliJ, '1.11~ seizure of ~Lhi. o~~L'I b.,d w!LLI..:: ru.il'i1.81ry ~1~pp."rt ;!!nd. nnt lMtI.l' people rol101olo~ th~ n:;bel drere; W.f!3t or these q~,i[;kl.y ;~b1JJtllkltidL hi.m [IoriQ di.;! 'runt JLe:SL1i'I1c W [t:;W.[y ~~ the ernp~T;I[".I~ MtiL't:OiIeJ\ th~ .;J:l1i11~r d':le.5 IlfI\ Llhd.i:cnte <'In <!lmhiucw.

~ ),!j>IIJ"lM oould h",vl! ..... "ril!<:"n ~ 1i:1~C:' Ii]. }ulifrOCllru i:-. i!{:JI;to,1lb., t.~~ t1,~ '~ 1;i.I"1!lI b:r ViM .r-.:u1A., PJI. :;"4-6 (d', !Grurro;:l, Mt.,J:1if/ilu, n, P- 1!j'Ei, 00, iiIJ.,) i.o. ~~ JII![.z..n 1!",",~ r- nl;'_'" <!',~ ..

N" .• \, rO]11I I' , Irn,':-r ..,' l_ 1':" ( ':IJ' ~-it: ~ ~,,_, i!lii;~ii j)I~. l:::ge) , PJi· 1>11 l """'ll.

!hm'Rh~ I,Jml. i[ ~.IIiD.~ry d 5ruTi"I"'" "!roc[ l! Ll dii1kul~ H' ~lir,1lC ~h~t .t.iJ; dever mMl ttn,I,~

I!::iYe 1:i.taM.~oo!lll U!.JoiIu a rOf'll1:'I1':II.>. Il,~[ ..... hich mak .... I;-..:::IIlifotWo!l:pIlIriUo:"h ~rk= Ih.!: clcopcio1li: 1iibrl1;!l; 'ruruJill tm~ :.1111 beg ro:r LI ~, • 1.1 II!: I'I!II'f teee :JDiI. .. ,,!,£i:<,~~ ct d".l!:ll'IJ)!f ~ !h~I, ...... ~""'I~'l:il:.' d~l.i.s .".;rn '" 1"le, t:re.f1~ Dr'lll!; I;-;,~ri"~" i:uih\'1Di0 ",'II.,., • ....", .,},'.:"I1t" ~ ~~ il.au.j~ Hi'k0!J.05,

,>: Thooph. CooL, p, ~?~ i .. r. [lllllJu. ~~ I, fi'-I!i,).. n.o. :i'l~ ..... .111·.1 ~ Ilre .. hF:-~"1:lY ,~ """ lI:t:io:Ir, C;:!,I:J'I.Td <:1]" ""'1_, p. :59- beliJN1:ll (h!'l[ Ifh~ ofmb1!""'lo)' ~. L..eiJn. a;...;;'~I~'~r.:.. ~" ~d.

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clhclIl,l, c.,n~" 110 ~~ .

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In trying to n!bi:IIllii~H1(.t 1'1~e: pl1!';1~ ntthe I"{;V'I:l~t oM ·Ka~i.flILLinol, it is IKI\ E.a..~:f IJil; reeondLt moe llTl!l'i:r'r.I1IpadiA!Li.t:, a'in:Jmlll.O!:itiJe, atrft:\Jdo!;:l' 1)1' i .qDth~· chreni.:;]"wIiLJ. th e :;J;pt"JfI!!ir:~lc' 'lien-ion of the WJ'd: S. ,Barilii ]ri'llwro-. Ahhtlup:b ~=e zoo-retil flg:ra. iIi. the bro;u;:l 4mtLiru!::i ~If 1.10:1: ~1'IIt'; rd[l,1l!ld. ~lter m'·I.'J:rth~ fl!.il ~J:i capk.ln ;i!lotie;r;;w:bl:!dl~' the 1:Ia.tt'iaroo ~jlro'la.m;' ~OOLI",ES. :I1.r.:;l IIJ SUrnI[J1OJUI18' K~tantinfX'i aed then i.n iI"I!ln\ln,G; .',gru111l!'i~· 1I111T'i !lJnd nol;!lp'illg ~o put dO'l!'!o711 [he ! qM1;s i 'IlI.!t.

-~~Ilt!- ~Jl'l.;ie.~r Ui baw developed :1IG f:oVLaWiS", W~1il true .:.mpr:oor Aluan&r Iel] olli~~iy ill :md e-1f4::ry h~ ..,r~;4well' ...... ni~~~, ilIA! p:1m::t.l1;h Jiollb)j:1.(!oS ULmed mlJt:.ux.. H'C d'!';patd~.l .... LdtttL' [0 hinl. Lll'gil~~ jl'1I)mpl:El.(:li_Q~LOI-' tJl!l:: ~',I(:I'eigri"-; ~!1e:cbm'l rleurh, 'Dcnii:-:: 'I,'i<lS to ~I.lpy t:.on!~~nllinIJPIiP. whri.lJ:; (ilrthl!.r ~IJ~ wOI.lLd :JippRiplilltd)i ;:_'(rn1~ £nJoo. h"tkoJ~.; ~llti.I~~ -(1.11 tu~ papuu-..",i:l"l, KOD:;t:ut'linoo I¥!L~ blJ hI!. pJlJ)clit.irno:i ee-ernpeaor.v All these p1i\ru; hOLriI c;r.rt.ti!1J)<' he!!c. worJ.,~ out pr-io-r to AJ~ruC~e-'s d~dL :;uLdi rxE.WrI'ilIlllIrJ~· dl!E: paLL·jal:'cl, bad nat ~IIlSFltX:ocd ~h:;i:t h)l'! hi.m!'Or.iJ' was to bot flppoh'i:t«I a member oft!)e: ~ rmm£lJ. Ere ~oo.k the! dei:.i!:;,i{Jn [0 i[).~'it-c ll-oID: 00r..''!.1!I;~ I,~ ~nI~~ ELitil alla -wi!Jbed [0 'S1!e him nu lhe til~roo-'& TII;~-'Er. th.a·11I :I-'ll-'lru! DIJlAlr !i.lltdf.:~~ible -ROO 'UE1~",bl-'E 11.'1;IJr.[l~ [iIhlng -MiI v. 1I,1TI~"'g~ IJf N~~ ll'LiMl'ity of KonstRnttl:lO,'i; ~i',;;I.rph~ro::::l:lU~I.!::.'J. ft1taI~wl;iii~ Ale:U1m.!C'J' summoned tne ~trL.ut;:lL ~jj hi!:: !k.ath bOO and 10 thel",~~=""~ 3l,;1rpi."iiOiC .o.ppo~nl'Od h~m m:lI!! flf tlse gJJ3ii.'diaru; fur t!;Ji!!! 11~11' ]I r.1I!1C1 p;' ol:tIlPfl'l)l.·4 Alex~'H:ler ~~I;:.d ~1-'J1 6, J LiM 91l. I ~ ~'i..,... .... that he Ill!IiLal' :?I!iSJ!lJed ~~!1re il'1. the! ~ll[lItt "'LI:ele: or ffit:. rcgel'l~r, Ni~l1li!1i:!..:l lfLWt. 11=l'J.'IIe ISlm~1~ hl~ pE\l:..l!ltIaLwn:: letl~r OCt rt:!lJ:; :!'Imi)jrl'io~l~ gcl'1~r::!Il.

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.~dIiptI"""'a:!II"'R'B death radttld hill'l II. couple of d:,a~~ Ja~r, lip! bEgFI~L .u Spr.cad '10;. CIhi:~" but i~ 111.'21.5 pr-nOO bl~· at I hi' ~~I# thai he 'rc3!li!!ii::d J~!: !:1YI11d;;! ~ oJrprM on otM p~tri:1~j,. N_enhd~ ...... n.ll ~'Ii"L-J:J l.r'"U5.~d oo!J~;'1Jl\J1i:!l II!';:

Nd:!ed to CorIsI:IIn6oopic mL1[",h he !e1!!It::~]r I!!:l!lk't~ b~' mg~l,l, C1"»I~L"-<lilLl\I! hi~r m the ~ (]I{ IJj~ fatbO"o~I1.b...,... C ['t;:5'l"r.lli I bt:J"!llieg. ~'l"hLI~ h~ "'''',rIjibOOl f;uL' ~ ~. ~;tl. 'r~ Dr hL.,; rrlP'lcip.ri.l ~LlppOO"-OO['::o;, tbr2. ~tmf.u Mb~as OJID:i ~L~ ~ KaruLUltillCt'i JU:1J;UlLkoo wlw _ ...... I.!!i .n J)'lJl'hki ~'lkcl D\:)1m ."1~11 ".d..,isrD im:mcod~tt" IJ:Iio!N1_ tie a£;rtt.[l;,.nd dun1'lg the ~;Jome II~ghL ~IC ,~I"I<1d!p,: kl1C"1.\fh ~ ~ in the ci~'!i. ~-oUO"li>M b~'.n J~['~! GlDwd, l(ooUIl,.,:n:til1los !:.:;l'mr:= ro (t~ 8lI~ oftbc Hippodrnf'rlt ~l"Id ~ Lheft'" .:JCCli:lll'l'led !t,tll~rot'. The :-'lJrnewbl!l1.k-!:kb'l"olll killing of hi."J gTOODl1ili;:hl!a[te.[I~ him, bn~ 1111:· ([jl'rti1il~d 'Mill hi:a ]Jkn~ B.:11>[j hE.i~ kilJd~' .aro~ IJ.). hi';o; ~1Jpp4Tfr:=.:r; p.rfI~dJ!d tl~ the Clt.."lkc ;g.ttC"_

If iJ; tIN: J.."U!r1::11rch l\'i:kQ]aL"r.:; Lor:. wht;»~1. jlte tllEI~ogral~]' i.C9J~ ~O!.1J:.t.~ a'ttrjblJt,~ ~~ d:i.sa!ilc" chat bJ~1 Kansen m~~o;o;, TJw'mgh bcoi:h ilic J,!'il& in (jiUt!-ltro:l'I ~H' I'lOlOZlfL. ~' a.r..t1-Jo"-iecbl!'il:: lJl t.Q1"j~I!:1H, itia ~'~rdi~' ID be ~~i.:!:~,oo that the ~O'8!L drJ'Cii~ af1lJ~ Itli:Ln oooulcll1;n"e bEen tfr.oc!~ ",i'lilOlJiI: .b~!p «.C[j,,"~ illJ[e,rf~rCflot~,

In ;!,n~ =~ att.;: l"I'Jilililry b.9rJ:ing fir l{DL:lsb,1.Tiltiruioll was not ~1Jb.st-.!lI:I.tiaL allirl ~I>· Utlll.bl;:: tc J:e;irt ::lu~[lJlly th,,- i~d.d gu;~rd. UJ~d~f lG.!ilida.~ ht was ~~ II.f:"lill"L5t hi.m, .ail. llJr,.ndy iigllt ~ pl!!CL'!! in tl~~ Cbil~kc~ WMM f[llkkJ:r d.ocidcd tbt: ~1.:. d'tI1t; re'."(]It.. Th~ deatb ;(JJ' II(ojlsr.."I!nu!"l~i um G~,;1i;l 4-, oil' hii n~l1Jl¢'i¥ ),ficlJ:te1 if. nnd 01' IUs f~E1d Rm:crllkes. t:.J)TJl.l:.!t:~eJy ~tr1J"~ ~l'im; whj~ tryll!1i\1: ID nJ[J ao", .. >· hi::; ho~ .s1i~!li!L"l QI~ 1:.lu: gi.o'q~, tiitq:oa af1d :rucg~1t dowm, ,R~;:.ogl~i:.'ll.:d by;z, 1D}..d 5Dld~r. ~s[;;!mj';Elm WiI.::i r._,taiLy hLL hy au ;L'~W 'Ot1 td~ ri,ght ~ili!l!"_ Hoe:; cLifid t:lll!'amg diE p,)[rl;LTCiL tiD head ~j,'~ Ult .wi' ~nd Wim hrougbt [0 t~I~! palaee, thus fu:lfiWJ1?, 'ne I!!:rrjb[e tbre.ilt ~Il"H,~ by lA:.i1oJil V,[ ~Vtl: TI!t!Ir& l~~Gm:. ri:

Ie A!m. 1I.:llil&lr di~ Iasnn .tI.iIlli poIIp-'JJad~'Y IIlr1' ~1)r..;t:ID·[illa~ W.:J3 se gr"!Cfllr ~lmil !f:u: rur.t! )!';Ipui.z.Cf' n:;("1.l!i1:L1 [0 hc:li'l!;'o((: fut JIJ!! W3l; d.caA. LlJng ~r JJi5; tr'l.gi.c C'lld ilb ~br..I[~ 9,39 ill E'iiU'!fI1i&. ,;], CoErtaLII U&!:;i!!:l.;v..;. o ri gio all y of l'I.ta~d!OOiMi.J ;L';S\lm~d b~ JlaI'lU: ;z,nd, iP1l!MdibJ~ II.::ll~ JrJigil'L ~r.Jt, 'IVa.,! a~t:ep[j:d as .I~(tjL"lI1lmlCILoli')'; Dou.~ by ttl£: klr!.Ll. pt:...pl.llati(lfl_ The it1'lpcr.:;1lQr 'W'B.'! 1"1.'~1I'11;U3!lJy f::!I1JJ,gblL .1,1:Id hl""Q'ught ~D Cnn.n"'11:[mopIJE wil~e ll~ ~ pL!lnidr-OO, by Jl1.U[i.I;!JMll 00'.hi!! arm TId~ di.;! net b4w,'!!'."II!:r "_tip Th:uil~, HI:: tl!;!'PpJ:a.r'Ed in mthji'Jliill, ~<iril"lg a ~I"IJ-nz~ ;li~ITII, ~lI'1d, l~btd hl'5 old cll2lllJ'i Vo'. hE F{J:!ns~lL'ijtiJ~ DOIb:, .H~ g~l100 ~:QIlli[~bk J:1.Iip~;tlrt !lr.!d ~tn~~ ,-,trEl'~ CQtI1JTMt~d by !lis. snp.pl)ri.e~ rt'-rlChl!d ~l::rjflLla p.1'll"Po.nL1)JliS.. HiEbilk fr:;l" tor.ttliit~1S "'lL~. tJre elIS"!'I!!:'; oJ Pl.l'Lei!ll Po!:tr.;J, \Y'ltic:b h~ Ii~d le.i:r..,;:d], Finany ~ ~J1!I)' W;;u, I~l o:q;..1Jl'I~i lilt ~1iII!ofI.",wr ..... ho ..... ILs ~au!:l~I~, arui ,fur tJto::: ~ecooui

9. Chri:l~ophoroo (fl. G. gflo)

Cf1~.iI.1j!J~S.\'11'a3 ,I!. ~O~ 'Of Aruflro'1~j; e8~ alJd he b;:)ID!: ~h~ Iiliclmame oJ IEpciLr~.r HII: ~l!J,o.i.od hia fFl!t~r It!. ruppat'[ ofB:aro:u Skle.ro.!.l ~t! '..ybom ~ r~m;"Lil1i!d t.ny;"L1 unul ~f:I:e[' .th~ TL':bl!:l ...... ~dA;~ted ~nt romib;iit by IhlJ"da~ Phekas fir.! ~ Mo:L}' !a1~. "\rlWiIil Clilrl!1l:ow.pb_orO:a EIInd 'hu; bz.l;itb!!J" Ea.rnas 1'" ot:a.ml!! 11l) Hi,1hyniR: W~I'II!! th~¥ vieT~ aibh; _!iI a~~;:: ~~ ]"~l"KIott r.0ru~ec5-;_ a.Ii:IlQI~f!: 1liI!:5:.i1l. tbE ~tEOJ1;~~ ;;]i" Al1IfI~"kl:.tw'lO'Fi und Pla[eiI~ ~tr-il, -f'ron;. which t"M twill- bro1!~rn Hp¢"I~-ed 1'1/ piilJ.,€~d tlm::~.u.I~~ij!Ii&le, [l,Ppqil"~L'tl.y try",in,-o:: Irl =lJIfpel Ba.:siJe.oo.s] r 'iD p:l\'e: d!;zm ar_~ !IIJ1U1!i::!l~f" W~1l m:i~ w.;1!"; t!~nL\IiI!LUi g;i~med, ill g3J1BI thJty 'l!.'a"i:" rcoc~1!ed biid;: i[l~o implig'i.:a] ~rv:ice.J

lli~a!:l, kil.owJI! ,-U; !\im~i(lS {~fu: 1l1),'n~),L = a oo.n of AndTonikas; 8 aru:I. ah!) ;Ln ;a(;t~V\': pai!"!isatL 00 S'klero!'. ,'\r:tl!~ .sccl-il f!i:peJt-cm:e ;11, ~bo!!l. ~"'itic!!,:' he w:u; ~E~~ inbl:i.!byaL ~eIT~r.1:: iiru!I lw.da di3~illgl1i::;bed. ClIJ"tl::i: in the By.;"r1T!1tiine: ~~Cl~l. J];"Lrd~ ia fi..mDCi[l,tl!d MIlL <"!I11ilVa] e~'p~diEOOoJL of wtlj~ i:I;: ...... ,L~ tiiE leader. ~[j~ by RIte emperor ;~ga.Utilt. !Ih.~ l'_l1ua~ in Janufl'l}' [oiJol G. 'lfl1e :lkct I"'~ ,=i!llbe d. ~ eeJUliiilil TIi.~I~' Ltldidfi' 8vcnlt:[ (the: 'Spboogo.;.1 ,nf 8k1l[I!!!!:S--Ki::d.reltoI:iti). 'Ilfll: bro~iter Qr kil~ V1Hlirlilir. <100 lfIiat-fias. qu~klr !rubJ uga~ed ~hn.",,;u:la. ~I/bOie kililg 'fE.'IIII. ..... "2!. 'il1IlO1 priso:ll~.j

!r).. "Thll ~ t'""-KrI]F ~iilldll,d IJ' .Ii.!!! noJ"C.OZ 1!f t~h"'lIlJl~ ~ ~.:[i.snif'f a 51Irt d.:'o1:l~'WC"ii!I:I ;M the .. ,l;;l~ ft ~~ (KI' 1!dm..-) iml1"li~ h~[ n1Jlc' :i flitll:n;u:na Wl1i~l, '<'I~tJ[ ~""PJ1l:'1Jl!I1J!I" l~HlLC ,. ~n, DU'~IIB~ ~ri:= ,nJ ~-ZJ" ~~ t~ inJi.o:l-..- ...... t>_II'tIIU (['~, ilij.M\, en. 419., explmm tli .. I'I".II'!!I :J.j, m=ill!l, ".qui 'UI"Rr1 ~, wbid, i:IIlh.e eqiU\'~il(IL1 '" Lhr. ~1i1' GI"-ftl.: ~oJ'N]l'I'5"- RJ!dL;. u, I~ :t5-!J,!pGJ1I ~n. JA,oP-""(Iti _. - ." .. ~,....~ 1i'>'...1..'~ ~d". ~,.

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C['~, I~. !'!, ",~I!oIIi..i, wrili<': 'QhrU!~t ~t 1.,.",L'u:'b1~mt .. ~ uu-!':fla, dom.e::1ian ,n "lri:-iU. "l.1I."I flS'l. tu~ !illlifl:l;r: .L·i'op;:Lmb", "il 9'[1:;-,'1'1 (llIn~ In !lk ~Il~ rl1!l>J ptiwanlrn: ~T In! "'n'I~ d'E,i;:il"i-.:". "'):lIi .. i~ .I~ilc .-.IltliO~J"jl~%:;uil1l1. The ~[1.If::!.I)[j1'}' in I~"" .i9J!! of ~n'r.J.'" tehl by l,,","(..,_1 'n;""t~1 >CIU~Ci'::l a..Tid oom:a"" ehe '''"X' DJJT1i:lIl!l<l U,b,..,n!>:<' killtd i .. !)!tH. S,;r- itrr in<i.lI ..... r 'JIu t.\r~ ~ ~ .ilby"f lie.oiJ} G!I'Jf'>;m{F Ji."rliJ:"" IH _0" • .l'3'tm~ f!I1'I'Li.b~ (~1Il §I.r ~~ci~~ ~~ It A..'\ IIJli.,.. l!o.Kh:..:i. I (![hJbrd, I" !HI'i', PI1"o 1.110-1, Il'f_ i~b 11l'1~ I':'bllllfl ~hr ,I .. :ido!-l11. aJT" 'l,"",,~1 Il~ M. 0""'1l00. 't.G inLlro;"'l ,.,-.lW ,I~ ]'hlll~nl't'" ~llmllLr 1111;0: "'",ILi"LII Q'l:I ;:0.::", e- e XL .. ,1i!.:i. •

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I ...... CR1niri!~ ~ nill:"k'!~IIl" ;11 ilX' ,i!,1'>:" IhI! rlfll. "i't'"Jlm'}'I- ,..h-:,. ~I, ..... "'" m~IH:'N1 ;,..' !~ '.~.II" cI Ify "1tI!I'kL,l,y"';i~ 11111 ti~nl. "I. 1'I.'11""'''illki", l'"r:l~ ~" (-IIi'!! ... ",1 .. n:::"""fj\ Io:'tl'L"hi:-oloi ., I" I'J5'

~ S~ ltot [J.I;"f~'''''U of ,.\n:I]ltIllI~n~ 8 ~III:L Chno~'I"IIII"Uj~.

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i !tyU), liP. a Itli>-7 , D. M. LJ,U"''I'' Tw //Il~.if 110.0 J-r" ,J, ~ 10, ~ ,~ ,1"I:IDCi"I,,,,,, I~~I. n'- ~j I ~. ~hlllb It,~I' I'i~ ""'1'NIi!iUIi ... nj dh, ... Lo'"rJ "'«',,~,., !Il~ ~.:"i;"ipil .-,( II,,, 1-:,."", .. ,;'1. K'L';;Ij 1\II.II1!. !!VI

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JI'I.uBBJU 0 .. THE DfHrli.,,\5; UAMJ'L .....

('.!lIU1IJ!1O.'nLy aUlljdu~d ~ ~Il!~ bull. ~t,lml; 'Il,1rr.an1:.5. are ;:!lll'"l rQllr'1d,~ Of his ~rlv oi:ardt' pnOr ro LU_"~i 1111.L~ U' ,k.llIJ.lnl, blJ[ h l'Io~ ajilpbr LlUlt hf till:: rtlklL ~ Mielt.<l;:::L IY P.a']:lhl3lgc!l'L'j KDru;tnnu~ wa.!. a pe~ to Kc&M 'llP"iilh. ] rr;'i~~ 10 nihil:. been ~r:lr~bDw ilDpli~kiI [L1 the pleu !:If l~i~ i~~i1er-in-bw Korur.1.n~ino! o.nai~~1tQ!I aOO 81i'~~ tlt~ bt~r 'W~ :;oci~~d 'DEI ;3 AU,!lIaI[; ,In:n .[Iliid was «OlJfln.ed 1.'0- Ui,iC I';~ of PL,il,t~ 11'11 !lk~ Pmprm:tl~, K~~!Ul:tino; 'W'a5: quick: [IJ F.li'~ <l. 'KIfcc: (If :p;rfI[cst uu beliiilllr r,lr ki~ ~.JaLilOl:, hut ,b~ &!im!lelr~ also a"'['i!;a~al and, irn.priwned j[l. [I, .r,:~'il~un fbrl~~~. Three 'noble aotl. 'M!.lLl!Ity' .A,,;h MinGI ,a:llflI:ial.c onr h:u C"'!l1lllMe&, KiLil!llLG:, aud i\oDa!ta,g1 ru(&~tl th~ ~ltI~ r~, ';Lng all three had [bfi; W!tJ~ crJE1JIilcakd and trmll!iN:nlll:l to the ![;Ei)!?.:1>iir.'] bm1Jter .K.1)~~lIjminoo<~ TItere h ntl i~t.ion ,;J.:§ ~Q how liJm~ he re~j~edi jrnp.. oor..ed, but in I tI:'W'9 D..lI[1~~~~ 'Wa:!i ~~n HI, ;;;1J,101:o!!&)i im.;! 1111; fn;e ~I~~w·e.i weI'(; also 6lf:iztiI.' [! 'was FI'bp:3 tl1k ~1')~m'OIiL'4! ;~R'aiJ' tlul!. for!!ed K[]n,!l;jill1;l~n:(l~, 1~Iol\<l'" '1',0 Jenr-c rm- a t1m~ 1:0 the oI}Q~l1Itrpit1~ ;!I.lid [a bu!>}' tlims..::lf WitliL flioni'Lil~.1

P;;;.;:; U:(I s, wb [] of.: 1~:1'1:ai Ill)' kn ew K 0 [L!. taminos 'I,\fC11 a.i'i.d. fd [ rM ec a ffL: ~j!J n, Ie. r ! UW ·Ihain for. ;]J1.1 fltl~~~ l::ontcrnponry rwJer, reh .. b~ tl:ti!lli: tbey became t:~ friends dur;iE'lg cliLi;: reign Dr Monoll'!!:I!cl~ {ioO,f-': ~~).,ru:1I plXl~hl~' ~n iJliI'. ~f'ty P;'I.'ct of 5t.~ Y!:i[ the act~v:e PiJ~iti.r.iLl tif~ tlf Dnukas, a:s fu~ w; i::; ~11}l)w~, ~JLlr siaus itl. [Osr. ]1. the E91i~¢r ~ tilt,at ~)I!;~r (~o Ma.:.:'Ch) ~'I!th~f with Ieeanes T3, be l"E1;5 among a numbc.rof ~nErJb [L1OOll Mal }i:iOOl' who (',(1'1JlC W ~ti:t:ion til;:: =pl!FUT Michad VI 61:1:3iiflciro; f.Cit' higher dignl!ii~ tliln'lJJb tll~~L' ,dkirl!l p:.tll'CU. :IhJi~l~ h i::. ~tL'&J1Ig.:- that K!::d'l'e110l 5n,:;1~~I!!i 'l:h~ ltWM of KQtU,t~mtinoo .[Imoog th-:: <t:aj~o!J'Il. gffi{:~al::i'.!" 111, fnd, !!I!!::~ [:; lw1 tiLe.stightesC' illdli:";.1Iiiil)l1I illlut he had. any miLil8lr::-, b,;tc}rgrO(lIi]d.

fky th~ ~m~ KI;n us La t.tinOO I 1:.B.¥i~ lot'!: hi::: llrta!. wife- .. WI!;; oow mnrried !I'l E'Ildg!:i:La M.akl:E.:.~ooliW5a.. :(L r.J:'e~ Qf tl~i.:: patrisrcb 1\<1i'Cbn~ .l{lil'lJub.rlll.ol. il?ciB~ JIiooLOU["I:U wjliJ~ [iv£! iI:rJ.pcrt.1l"llt d i,gnlll.y 6f l1tJt",r..;:l'tIU, h~ ""'.ru:; ",~uD[)ablYI1'1i1lGng ~~~ first ;WJppoo('(;ra of the !~urp:!ir Isaaldos ~.mmll!e~W Mdt ~~E1orn hie: h;'l.tl b=[].

~ M.:ror prOlll'lill.o!ct ZllD0ng-lhl;l~ .,."ri:llllLo; ~ ibH\m!~I=e.r:r:Mu1:[Wes {cr. r\rpcm:i.i .. 'II), ~LI.,cl,""" ~1I KDra~.Zlmino!d; b'y !III1D(l minor tfI"~r,U!:L TIv:: "1;I1(lJ~ 00 t1 1LfOO'I~ '~1~"'.=rip'!, oD:( Ajlr.iJ LIlliE. wri!1~11 hr iII~ lD.ook Gwou.i~ Uifilnm !J_' IJo.IIL Ir 1!.';]J ~lJlra'h::!1;1;1 hi fJomJilmJ T't'~ ~ ~I~ U,""WK<." 1":: ... 1'!:mL"1'1'm~ '''''~ .::I'"m~'..r~~ Ill:<: ,~ .. i?r.:LOi:;mIli, '~1 .. ..i c.MJilI ~i Gil m[ln::ul!:1'JI:I drl.l :.:s" ~~"'I'""'='. lirn!Ii ,/l#r;mi .dJ Plh'.::.;w .J;!;:.~!I" ~ (I:t:gt). -d9!l f:PO. III n ",~~riP'1 .. t ,1.i,,~tulIi 1J1IJ1I:<oy ""\ .;or;rlr,,'!dla.t"/ SIIJoS5 h rumuL llJo 1h,.r ~1!Z::i:1 Ih.J:'L the ~[r'iK'!'l'F i • ..;::J,~ l:qI ruost poeopk l]ioo"klt.:d :OuHl ,,~[ DDui.m.!J (~~ d''''''L9T'~~'; d~{_'; .t.;!J.'!1'rrlJ! 3'~.:,i,w""z • ..-.;l.H!lI1!«i>, 'hu.i: ihiis OOI1le! irol1ll ill .. :I>~IIII of [ho F.n! ""OOl!Rl -::tI'!Nr H'ti<ll'iifll'l'LLl Wolf (L~ I't;--Si)~, rr.5" :/:"";., ill, p, 6j6. 'T1l~ oo.,;;:nQ#lI'C 'J:lotxU:i' L;, abo ~II tl'lili'il. CBlii'fil~ "".::'lrr:!' ~1IIrQ:':i;. ~ ~ngl!, .f'imoiJl~. '[l>. 161, .;:F. H. Mlldlr:r, ~,J!f~ ~»I'i.J;"F. J~l:. ,orm.LV.Wi ([!IE'lII~" [lI'wl, ~, 15, ... I!t, IfI'tlI.'I::!! 'I. \'!'~ c.hcooi!:fc: ~.Uin:; Inr ~ps07 '(,,,, ... I,,milW.l Du.kizri', All ...b\;"u. ~ri>'l. 'lice. " (,,<'I jL '" LJ,,: &.rm 'Djo.&o:i' r!lml1i. iI~ JI;~lrm .. hL.::. s''lkrn.il;J.lnu'. ~.u-.., (-li.l!i, ..... 1. V1'I}, 'lIP. [lh, ~t!J1, [lI'jd Il:l'il ,""1d! m ..... ,u:!ri!':l~ 'lJI,"'Rlu.~ a.ro,..;.." (- Rio .... , ~~. An), II'- ~ I~. i.LqJ!L'I E'roI~[lmZlri\ll iIJ J,1C,;H, .&#t"ru" .... , 1', ;%I. mill: 1~' ~"IP_ ·~liIYw !:I l>.J!'\'i~:. 'L,,.!1ilfl I'i"''if bi: trnrrd.11Jo ~hc 1e;~illl" (j;~ 1'1.""""..c.."'S';; ~ dt"""k, 1[11 n ptl':'I""I",r.hr ~!;1.~ o£1:'lI['Lif'r ~""~i",*,, ill e!'Ilioo <ll;i>~-;' a..: ]t, 'Hiillm, 'Di~ T>;S!if!""""'''c .L::I 'L'h"""'~':II;U:; Uri b.m I <'II " 1Y"1i'iW -WLiJ.:nt, 2.5 {rSl«l), dl~, H.w.'[IfT"' ~hli 1~~1jI' j. '" n'lh'I:" 'JIfif'Iil: oorupouI!od , .... ~ 'X"l"»"COUI i"

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4fbe. ~"lc:v..!~ioJ", of ~L:milrl!IJJl.r.:Ie 'N.a!:i l;j ~e 'I::o.to£:l'It ~Iu~ to chauee ~ hI::

was ..:;.b\,ij"iJdy Ilhl: common ctJ.o.kc of 'l!al iuus gnwp-s wlJi.cb "INi!!:~ iJi!;ljrrumcr:.taJ '[1 (K1~lillg I!:OlIHio::;, Claim.~ thOiA l"i,; :<IClOr.~OIl .... ~ ~ lbn.je.f'lai.c.dl~ I:.>ln be ~Fcl1 {3L ... Dtimcd. a::; standard Eyzam~l)t ()l);m.pl~rn,~n5, FOOJrI tb~ 'l'~' negi.rulUt;; tilJ::; l1aY W1fEL"6l" I!.PIX'<'·T::; to h."1,'I,'L'; !'"n.iJoo ro ~al'l .... ilwe .hi~ ~ul:Uo:-ci.a iIlf.hi,s .. l!iilit)· 1JtI' rllli!"- l\~ ~~aJ.! hls ;~i I~ i~I~IfLti.t;I"I~ iI. gi~~!"i M rthfi ptUtl.;~ry rnorL~ behind an oi:J;jWrol: OO'I¥!;p-jr,a'l:Y tbat very r.ea~.L'V ;3uOilI;Iit1~L. ()b.5~ng a palac~ custosn jn w.e mtlB(: tb~ WI."{ii of MiQnOmlrlJr,!;I~~ ~Q:nmu)ufIQ! at:~"m.p~lI1iro by t1i! \".ift a.JJ~ &iildTeJL JlliIl.d~ illl!1 OOi'I!:;;.i;:!iI ~lg~itlna!F' I.\L"i ~he; r.1.m/i:lllIS ma~Ml~,yy oaf HOIgl.m. ~~(I'; iJjt MiLli!g..,.lII;J.. He .apparen:tLv wem ~!K;L'(; in lhl! E~;r.I"I~rug wj[h Ikle itl~t"JLLiati I)f r;pmtii~ lh~ ~1'haI~ Q.i' thl:: f(llk~w~ng·.;;I.;q' of ~~ r~~~lt"al.al.[b: m~n;L~[r.~. mlll [h;: ltlC>"'1.TlIlUILCi ~ ph;l-:: bd b~~ll .rJ:ltlll~t1. 'W~tb !h~ ol~leo::t''llP.: of clnmnn.tJiig [tQ~ arltl pmHiilg fOr"wa·l:r.1 a 1)e'!9 empEror. whera!:: [J3JTI1"(; ""'.3.:3 lLiM OOVl!'i!Il..ed. ·"h~ fflTI.";pi·TOIl[!:Jr.; ililduderL ItI!!Jl ofnm_l: whh the ~iI"r.h of' ~~e ei.ty.j1t Ineir head ;!EUw. die ...-aIuahll: !l;1;.'i~i.a:It~e .o:r.{;~llIm trorp.!l ;iL]u:3 !:ib up !; '\\'~ ;1110 ~I!tml!d. 'Ill!'! .... ·hl')l~ ~r::Ii~i'OJl W:;!5; rul)' !Ct'~~llLy pla.[~d and it W,(l;3 mere ebauce that ;Sa'!ied, d"1t: I"1.J~["'~ life. TILe retJi;:,!l.i[]r:t '\\'8..3 ro atart ~iI: d~\~1'1 '0'111 :;'3 Apnl 1"i:1f.i'I,' i b~~nil'1g ill ~f1e oIj~f1fTr. or,JJ,,= 61.:fj .nncl the pll;l~Aer.-; b;!d ~~r~lll.~ ru.r iu. il':apid ~pr&d loll liI.£a.Jtg".JilJa W1H;[lE 1DmJJ:ru; 0iM his faitliLr "Iii~ r::;xpGmd ro spend the r,'I..,'r, The].' 'L¥imly prOOi~ tm;J.t he: I'!.'4!ILdrl nl1tll.rE!.llr Iii~ .,IRrnru:ld by th~ up~lQr thel'1! aeul WIlII!Ild quidJ)'" ~I!ek. 1.0 return ro hii!; p<IlI.,QI,: b~' ~,L ;!:lo bcilJ!I; ~~t', Tb(; C~ -of the 'irnpe;rilll YMh!: hn;d b~eJI dr.!l.'WI1. i~L~ tb~ OOlll"Sp.)t':FJ.C\": \Vitl~ till;:: ~pe:n;rr ;!ihn~J"d, th~~' '1,I,l!!1:!!! I!!J. !II..Ii.l 31I1m;: .ui::.r;)~ from the land >!,nt'! tl~l;:n Ik' d:rtJI'ii.IU bim,

'[he rebell ion, !I;[<I!L·tr.d. ~J.C.t:I::iLtlb« bi:J, pl3lL). Di;;tnrbn·l1>"l3P.:S brnke out e.a[']~f .in thE" nay and tjukkl~ :=bed MUlligflILi1, lUi V.iOl" ';Il~lic.ipa!!:d, ,th[;' terrllied -ernp"~ rLJjbo:l [.f! rhe i3ea·~~:fIOO ~o~lghi!;;,!; i:JcriL\ oo.tr:iUn1 Pi1:ornp..·~!'\Ith.rnlt delm.y. 11~L"tIWl.<lh II. Jac~ otd' co-<I'J(lin.il~·IIJI'1, dl'~ JltlpCl1!i.l jI-ilcI.t fRiJed ~J;I an'Lvc il) Ijjrnt~· ro pick ~IP ;~ BJ~'LS~.v-n; ~ml in bis has:i:c KQm!;!in~inD.::l L"lL)ta~ked ?~ i111?~f1er ~Le 'be.ID[1~iJ~ !:D 3 .1~ktllLel~ of [h_,;:; :Il.Obility (-¥J(lII''lk':~1' 1T),ilI4i.·w} \\I-nld"J. unmedlatetr ~;; ~:1,lt ,"-t ~i1i!- 'I,IeT)' motnenr tlrii!! wtlukl·he ~~;1J1o ~Iiu.di; {heir 71p])!"':".r.Ln~e i!jl!1d. UI:t=I\!"'" feg;I1II~)i ~[~'em.r!M 'I.r.) indLlce the i5IJ~p.;OOI" I" ~h.~~ ttl ~t! .• Q\'!1"L ~"Jorl:l"t, 0: I'll ~l2jXf'tilig 3~L'!I:j],i.il.~ but 1;;r.i:n.!t hard pr~i Wi ttme, ])::>I)lb'i~run~J~[]~ p1di':I.'1.-nI [0 I;.i)n~ilfLlU.'C ni~ trip in ·th~ I~ e'lepnt ........ ilJ[ .aM ~im~ reL1.IIL"ltnl ~ 8m. h.~;;dqlmr~L"1' ulll]llil1~ Ol~~ !JLo!! 3ltt.mp[ .:In [be crn[J~r fu~edl the T:l~I1I>!;1(1L I:cLbp!ro. TIK' ca()'!'pi·I-.Jj~J:Ir:! ..... i!Lh the eFn::h .,wt t~dlX..:," pr~lI1en"l pm'[l,,::~p::l.lm. 1,'I1It'1"ll:' :'1~[ffi, h1~t QnJ~' a rni lei rml"ill!::I~I1W!1~ ~ ,m'h~~ ,.n rhem, ~L'L": V.'EL"1! &r.n..'Itd 'Irue::1~bl!r ml")l"Ii:!L!iel:.id:;; o~f1I!!n; WeT~ !;Lll.cd. b[I1U~ltccl, or Ill'Id their rDrt.llnp; rcutti:n:at~d. lJJ~Like simil., .. f;ljij~ ria one ""!I.~ rrul [0 .[J~(iI,'~

'l'I,e:~ is !i.uL.r. ~nro:m-.;Llil:lt). ,)J' '1"6 .illY ..... Kmu;1 ;J.nLL1W!"; ~(lLH~II~' d~.ll~ ",,1110 ~h1o!" ':;-~ll1.rrd;'l;r rJ.)'Clblcm~ J~c.il~~ 1·h.E:. ~1Th1i'ire: i~~ 'i.lw; ~~ !!If tb.~ L~P~~~!:I!1 bMb.'U'I..'U~ 1<I;srt'lllI'la bDth. in AJia MLI1II(W :1.ntl U~ [he Bn II:.ut""; .. N ~\'L:L'[I,I~k~ the • ~LI~l ~<'"TII~

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flna.T'1.;~ or tm~ ~La.'bC~ ~i..&.iI~1 b)" "'ul.u.r::timl~ in publ3t e.;tpr.nr'liruf(:.J~ This W;L'I; ~p~rrJe~l~1. ~;ll~~r:.l~ ;:!I~ _;~ shnrt term poU~': but ~1'!Ifo)ri.UJIIIL'Lt.I)· in th~ ~r.>d j~ ~~rk!l~l.y 3Jfll(:t'1.eIiI tl~.f ~fEi(:Jen'l::t' ..:tf t1l", i!I[':Inoo kil"'!X::! oW, 'lll'harn the. 1!I~Ir1:ktl ur!h'l! [L1If.to!!.I'i[y p1'flgramrr:'1:: fell. E1!1;lJI. ]'sCl!05. [be ~l'-aLelt ~111ogis~ of Ib~ ~pe.ml'. !'inA m O1drni~ tb",[. hli,l~q;!l!t:C1. (tfdru anntl}' W;UI di~1'-t>rOI.l!l.~

~t."LlltU~1):5 ;;s;: I;l;In~h,~~ !t,~ p~,rrol'ill~ af J=r.I1iIlf,' ....... twic.'h WI!!.100 fbL4 fuUi!.T C"tFP~o;I:;i(ll1 lmAI:~ the- KoI~lIl~~lll:H.J;3 P'JoiIL.oo .;iJrl..rft~cd to him ooc['t:lill !:Ir hio; miTt!}f 'tl.'!!)a'.ki:l ... ~~VI!:II4S them .a.~ a r..(ll!!p1e 'Of omtioIM • .N tiatll[';:!l~lf hlgJI1)! ocuOCtgbLie_ In nltC [Jf these th~ ;:!Iulbl!li:' \~lLrJlu:J: ~aLo;e; d1~ ·~r.I\pcror' a favoo;rablc disp1l"~ti"'l1 1'O~fi:l; ~r::btl~ in g.cncr.:1l. :soTIL'l::thing ~tat JLfld bt~rI enlhclr HllIkT\(I/o~n in she dill!');!:. (If ehe p;r~dlrlg mKn when tl~ p:lb~ \'0'21& mJJy occupied wj~hL ;!!cmini!;t~ti'r'l: II'IlIlUrLo::.~'" MOreG\'CT W(; pa~ ao lLlililLbl:r 1:i.r bn!:.f letber.,; bw. :P~~llo;; eo DDu kas, M~ Qfwlti.ol:h tll~ "'fly J~.gJlltnlll ~iI~ oon~el"Qpwfl.T}' ~0:'Th:; • .j.1

TIIi.'CC [OOrtr.dll!:i 00 Kf!lo'lbU!.iltLin~ l!Itof; .kiHiowIl_ TIre Gt'!lt ],!, a m!r.ibi!i~IJ'~ m tlnc 1 'Lthl LSUm Cr.::flt'Lllry ]In-~<~&rl in ~OO. ~tulinen~i!; gr. r";l2. {I;iL ~Fi:ilr, 'LVtIkh i.!!RJ.I d1 ·ilD",,~nlary'.~'" :\no:JlIL£r ~dl)' l~rvl:.I:L [lUilLill!Lurol: til] =cl_ P.i:IlI'"_ tV- '!if..:!!: ~hi['jl,l,"!; him rl)w-tm~ with his oocond wife: Budokia, I;f~ ir)' ~iI~ v~rgi1t.o» not :5;UW:;: j;b~ jjO ,'1~i.'J ~lln~1 (loll .1.'111 -engr';L"~11K oJJf~i_[."l'-rJ bu~ llu~ p~ '1.It lb!:. Virp,Y1l is taken by Chri.::;t.~ 111:1~ l}'pe:3 ef scala of du: emperor ::.1HI ~;lITVi'l,'!:, • .fMLd ~f1~ b~r tlll!! ]EA'i!;l'IflB~ .i!{i:.:.wQTIi;,d~·,~ !I~~.1~ K"""'il"f'o!Iln~'I'Il'S ~rrj1L~ios '~Lwl' .0 LI"J!ol'3~.~ and K~F'IJi'T"'l¥cl.W {tafltli.d.os ,;; l1~~.u

I'Q hI!.; b~tbL'!l" ]i!K!I~LlLd 13 wham he rno~d.f!. :3. CaetaJt, KMnali[i.:II.OS ihu.ILd a frw~o1 ;a;1~d YilILLlabl'f coll~g\'II:~.A::.. .Jruady E-ta.m, he rma.TT~ 'ffi-j~ Fln;f.

;i11!l II\.ti\"" "LnlY CSU"eer rm;ghl ~'''.:.- j-"r,! ;",..·,1 .... ·,·11 ;,.1"(, I', .. T";!!;" .-.1 II:: """J:JI,,,jr,fI'I X s 2,= IlUt.:rn the otber iL-a.utl there is 00 reason ro ~Upp05C; that it 'W~ p.'lf"tif:1]I .. uly I>IpG[}~UL II!1. 1 ]:I~i Ioannes WIL'Ij ;LrTI.I'Il1Ig thp_>;e: gp-n~r.!JI,; of the =.IoL wlu:} ~[] the .8.,!il.E:p gf tJml ~aJ: uru.'IJlI::~fIilLly pL4:iti!.:lr.lcl Mi..i:bi:l.d VI fell' mart: fa\l(ltlf5.] Is i~ ~CIIll],bt~ tn &.i2..":i!.lIl"l1>!"! 'l:.baL he ;hm ruld :;mRO::; responsible PQ<itiDn fin W. =iern fllJ)"nw::r; rliliI::r ~.".idG.I)C(;. tlllitL-'or(I1il1y 1"hJ:)Llgh por,rlLap;:; int:l:llldwi~'E, dees ill r~t.t !on_I(8l!;;i~ om Ldl!,~tili':- .. 1,tion 4i1f Ittl!OtlR"O ..... ~th Itl!li K-lIlipdM cF Ed.'l:::5SI:I., ~{I::Lru"1~ [)o'llkill2l~ (! O~) ,~.

Altl~QIl!l:tl lo:o:.nm,s became 'the tnM~¢,i "il")llE"lsel]cr ;:J~ bl!:; 1oo-.i:1t.bcr (~o!J9-Ci7), h-c i!l: [)O[, paJl.'ti~l1!arl.}' (ol'1~i'C~"1l)u,~ rh~riJ~.1I: d~is ~I."JQi]. Nr:"I£:t'"theJ~~ fn:rm the v=y b1::gb~,~im.g ,hE is known !rI' ],~ ... ~ l:J.otI.lALCUV(: 8M his pilre in hP.lping tn ~titl8ui:ah the diln~I:oua COI"1!1i[l~r.1'-'l 0f I OI5T i~ OOhP,d,! Th~ ~~r>llt..:l I:lSii.!Iill:r HffC' to him !L~ the (.~mr. 'Umnk 16 his exo:::I'1lr,J]:I:~l rliKI]~[:r' I""bidl Koom.,1:1lilin$ ~.!!' .oonfEJ""f"oEcl. l1ptlrL ru~ brQtlJ.il:r,~ J.o,'lIIn~ "Wi!I~ tlmciaJJy the mose [;JE"4);II"11[1~t perut.."ill 1£1. me stase ali!m +he ~mp::;oo:!''':.< w,ifit and children, 1:iI1We. ... ur nn at least one O(~~~ he

, iE'.!'dl£d, It. p.. ['iii. i",~ iliao! lOOlU'1!;!' ;;,,,,1 IH,Il, ,ll.e[jruiJ:iJ..l ruui. p-.!"Ii'>l'l k~l~ ci 1m:;L~. P:;ellm in 'II .lr.i!Ler to b:im rr.;"I:lrl:~: d~ .. :tl: 711~ I.'TPu~ .... ~ 4·tr""UJl,a" ... """, ""i ~f.; m:iJ.aL _,y,j~1'PI: ~ai ....... _~ i ~I'±: J. F.~Dn::Jlk, ~~ ~N1it"CIilheq;, dl!lB~, 1", la~, I'i.I!!~L. p, I~ ltimn.d..s trim ,1& '",!""~ u~~!l.J) .11 ~11!u:i~Jioc, wiilh ::J. ClIIII!lIif:11- 1'Lk::.:itr.i. Koonncl1liQ Med. Ilh.c ~ri. flJilnMal on ilIr rmif'"-[gujJ a.( CMJruuuin~lr. CII.m!a.:, !, p. '9"1~, .so;nrlb-illg: Wr.. U. '-''';1;-;:,,1(:11'1. a4? II. m::JlII '~ilh ;''' i,c,ld" 1<Ui.o""doo~1! '=" '1l1 ili I "'1' tiLli.ll~. a, ~t.l ;,1u-tJ, .I" p, ]6·!,

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.' In 'lh::: li,,,,1. Ji'I~D! ili;: ~'~'L!P!III .Iof [l1!ulsJ.l~. ,u;r.d IruLeMi. ...r ~ ~ :JflPli.:d ro ,~Jln-:!!;:tr>'!i'"",'" ss (lM C, ~ in Iha'L lLIXoo:n!;J. Th:,; A'-I~niil..tl :bisl~ri;'1\ M~[Lbo!w d EiI~ in ~ (;},ril<v<l.I~, (u;!Ill!lallE"1il I;rr E. Dulaurier, P":r~. I~. p, LtIG, ""'ril"d Jtl"[ rhe ~rnOi of E';"I=ur, aill~ Dcru~ (-llilWtz,e), ""'1m Idttnij!:d. 11]0 one ,,.(" [],~ oo~It!l[ f.lmilic:o: I1r In:- .:ruplre, . ...w imv.i~ bl,' T",,,,l<<'!:I:I. [ 1M!~ ~ Cto_milln .. 11JA'I])1~ "ilA WI'Ll 11:11'1;;] 111J~ !I,~ oWl ~b.e kHU·"!. ~b::Iil;l.~i";', 'nlCll!l!11~ Itf l:tIi. ~.::rmf[:;'; ",1'Iii' '"f11"~ b'!.' a .,.,~ll~~ and tcli~bI.t m::U;/Ul1:ripl ~1iJ3", I"ict"1~ o!Jl1 4, .r\~i~il I as!!, whiGl1 1IL1:1I[]1l1"ill IOllfll"">l n" ... \l~ ;u. Ih ,ruii"I'iP'''' "r E.lc:::J::.!I .~[ Wu. drne: see It. r)r,.:,~t=;~, ,~\:i,jw: Na~. c;"..'"r'i;!1>! lID MO<llJ!'T"1""t1 ,rr.n;:l. IL &r FI:rIdI o.i5Jill (f.:!.ffi, 1~+!>t, p. 2:i!Z' 'TI,t: lO'aperoI" KQI1'1'l,cll~ ~!' 1mI'! Hr'#'r:J:f_ ~ ot~:llJl~ c!.iJJlIlIrl, .. ·h .... 1 ~ro'" I~ ,!ii.I,'t;ni~r ci ~ (.::1. E. I .. Dni~,~lIil1., Dk -D~IF'""~.i.&:: ~~LI"i.Jffir~ ~Cll.Tj~.1.b J1)P L.I~IIl, ~~. 1;1J', ~ ~-W. 'bu.~ il 1I..Jg'h t IX W:I""CI .. ~rJlI~:r ;:..1~rlb::"", ... he ~u.:..nL:r ~~ I:lpilil ~ diJOOTIoo. ~I HoditiDn, .liiJ ~Jl~ !rAu.;!1;!y ~(jnJ."W..: 1m: 11"';1.1.n.d·,c.~ li:w:1; mlikin[!' ehr-m NIl! pe!!"Xl, and "'i", ... cl~, ]'="'<"1(":::' ~~~ ........ ~I ~ !P"'"r.r~"~ af,h.1.3 b:om~ ~ ..... ~" w;v, ~~ ~1Jo rhc 'il":llI""";tIIl th ror..E , v; N. Zh1::w:'<ii, ~:J:s-t1l d1Jl'13I1~ ~~ ~ ~r.J.:, ,., -~:!I 0;:;. XI. 'o'C1;:'.,/!!", 1 (1~9). s:~~, wllo eili~t1iI:.oo OOm!"111;<'1'1fod 'IlpDlll 'h~ ,,,.r,cc <,., 'li~i!::Id([n, ~ 1:tI:t 'i~ ktilil/410 loannr» ]}oc,\ilzn:;;" iEII [.u:t J'Wmll!:i: .[)QuJ.:1I" I.l,~ I~I~ r~. '~'[;.'ilrt' ~n' .t11 I~ 1hE~ is furth~r ..,_;i,l",nDt ~D Il,~ ~~t th:l! loomu'! CrrrllH~ di..rnnl':" ~hr ~r[y )"'.111:', .:1111., bNclt.B s '",i~~ ..... ~ fi"." II. ~i~ ;!rl }fJ'lt:::u anri .11 n~b~' .!i),ri n on [![fi~i~1 .;oc-.'i!l'L'~~_J:. Thid. ~~Iin:n i • .ilc-j~ (ciX:(i n Je~!.1::r .. -.Iu.;:b i'v11i'i:> hTlJiit: h. kmlKro: 'r.rItr'"1jJ 'Illo J. [K1!'-"1DW IrJ!.1"T '1.'(1TI1!!f"t1 I!J~ b<lRl1t!l aDIiI KnL ],c, ~l:II~ :rr .. rn !MI,""'" (~''¥''*'Ihr"': p.g' ..-iii N • ./J '~~ if~'fl4"",-l"""'_;; ,id) lUfii mf'm~, [kIN~l1mk, "I~ elJ;,.,iP' I.!I!iJ.

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L,g dsarm< Q(;i". e::l.'(1 ! ... n. l'j!(i, .~~ III.,., 11lC brl..l:lilm~ ~u~ !'i~I,I~ ot1i.~"';~;il ..... JlIIJ.J"~ "r l' -r lk~ .," l<hi. li~lr. IIi' hKIJVltJ. ill &rif.1"I .U~~r.', I, p. "1 i~' ~r, I~~~d.!!!, O"p, cu., 1'. !~. ,\IL1"'"II"" It,C" WLli"~ 'lr~ ~Ih:rnl, [h~ e][\'"t;i;u] w I hl~ d..i.;.I"1i~l" ,1],I.1ioII U: Plt"llJ.l"T1"loI.y;"'1.<"<1 """tl&,: :lft.r+ ~,fI. '!1=Linm IOJ :I ,"",I4fd I~'~ ihroN"_ O:;rl:':'I1I.., Li \,i1.' [i;or ~"""~ UIlL1 .... • Ih.i~ '[':->!"[k" 1"t'L'''' .h~ • 1i'1 I "!':f1l1b1;.t,!d "'...,lIr 'r.i f~': JIU,'apPif ~,v,>IIl,~";; ~a~~" '.1r]J'''L''!,~, ~lIl1j i\~ ("o,~1. .... ,~I 'l". I:'i'~ rill ~'!'"l"I'""-l"1"l'" ,N; "It, I 1 .... L !yT;r , c~". I To,;m.,. Gr,II'T ,1I.-I1"":""r t"1 .min \ \ .i I "11''''', 1 ')~"', I~' -I ~~:, Thi~ .i,~f[ lI"'ir", whirh L ~l'I"L"C" ~:..II1II~ i" ,""i~'4',IIIL., ,1.'!:Ii 11"'1 L\'"I~''n .l'I1!o' il!"ifol1l1 ,Ii....,

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3-7

i.J"mmedfntdy l"Dl::iIJf~~ him f~ l~u; ~!:l~.e:;I:i le in lBill.hyn~fL, .;1M LII CoIlClt.'1ntillapit I,"",",fltO" .,~ nnOO'~ ""~~HI ""'~th I"-<cllos I'lIo f::" ...... "' .. <;It", jOii1.L ruk .,r M i<"~ ... d i ~ ,."L1 h~ mtl~her_1J TILl!- dY.llaanoC arJ·..!~F:l:rnl::J1(t POO\'[U ct· !'I short dUr.-Ltioll 11., the ~{le!t;pe>::l.oI:f1 l1C'\'L'jj nf Knrnmm;v;" l~bera{ic.11 1:or.npiereIV ::!<ll.liau th~ ~~~IIIC, IWIJf1!3 ~l..~ dLloewd (!rltll:I~tL ro l~is", !.llu. iJ'l'lll'lil:.El.tiCHl!> ml!·;lr'g I)I.H of E,i»t.! IJ.ki a '.l kl'il;l\\l'l1. !~ •. I'iILp.,¢l1.i~ 'Wi~ll R.o"rmnOl. She 'IIIi::"I!- ~l.ilL in fLn 1IiC~~ve P"-I~Li.a~. ;;;:!Ip"'bl'l!: 0{ i£iop~ il~ lillU'l'I1~I' d~,,;ill:~Lo.;. TJI;Ii ;lrl.ti • .Ii'..'lJ'mP.lI'1.o~ p;<Ii'[)' wJ1!irJ. b~r 'W1!b ~I.(! C'..;;~r ~uMed 10m Pi£[J05.' Rd\'i-c~·. l'oIia:i:[lOtl P['!OO'I'lptly, Bcitll:5 3LIVJXII"tl!d by 'Ilu::

Vilr"I·I@El.11 ~lml:'L'll it fO~I!d 1';lln;:lldfl ~l) 'bI1M; ClIJE "c;iL ami proclaiJl'lbl Mime:! r if ,;u. oo!~ !!!r.nP~II'IlL' (tnltl Oeooh~r I or.1 } .. Li r'l.lI1"":!, OalaM¢Ik:, [b!l:Iiru1'JJer mthc flol~I,jJ'i: r'iJr..~itr! [, ~~hO-l{'''".lj P.I IJ~t~~ pCHoL'l3lL !!'ii:Ctii)" I:<r J,=ncr.1 D01IkM. l~a.:Ei ru!:;pe[~~ !".Ir !IlI.:·I~trrJin.g M~IL RulltIDiLY.:l ;md W;L~ ba'l"Ji5~~d (D· the i.:al~ fI[ F"rinkip!".l t,(I~~l:11!1 'ltlridi ~!)1I1e oIloflilli.' children, , s

Ther~ f;.oLn he nil rlonht tht the real iru!ti{:a[I)L' of '-!IH tbl!.'ll!! or."1SI:ic measures I'M"!'. ~~I'" C3!.:~~ bimacl[ \\<l~ for ~he :hr.-;t O'Ind (l11~)i' 1~rn~ becarne i[]1Ai rlri....Jl:lP: force i:II!~Lir'ld tI. 'I.'I¢.!,l: I"1.III~r, .'\oi:;~i....cIY!lS!iatcd b.y his L\lP(:; ]1J1l.!l, he rn~.d~ MiTe thE!o~ the I esktanOl! uft'=L by RtlErI;ln~1 in ...... ,,1... Mi'llm" ~5. cmshed, TJk: ~uf'd3 are r.JLplieit in oom:l,:;:m:nL.l'I~ the Dl"Le::33J"l!IJ ll'IIUUy Ie hlbJl'I,E! fo:r t11,f,! dr.~I;JI~ b!1f!d1ng('ifRI)'m...'.llQI, i" His pr-l:d(l:m~l'in,n~' illl·mn~l.{lC in the COllJ'[ WBa h!:i~I'IlVOll:e oWLly Df bdd" d~lrol~~'l'\llI iIl~lrJ ",'I;J.i:; !iJlL1i.:tFlteL~dl)· bmLIIght ~11 alJ ;:,ltd.

kAAnJu:~ had i'Rti."CdllCed [0 the pilJaoc ;(j. e'iJlI!ruciL, -a0JWl:l0uLy b:lt'fw1~ 3l; (orikoep!m'r~L"I:'"-~J whirl '\\\,1:; :w!'L')n r."Li~ m u,i!l'! f'."I~;tIDn r,lf ~t~tiS; ;!\;Ill lJ'~ ;!i!1Q !!tIli:IlIpk:~el~' ~:lp6"'.rLtlld Mi;r:l~ad 14 .. SLl~h w,:!I.!:l tlMl irnp-ac{ 1)[ ~,~ tl.~~t)" ar'ltL U~['IJV'~I~~I~ iI1'1;!i1J, 0['1 [~~ r~.:'Ib!e ;:;mFIXl~ '!:h:..,.1; ~},!!! Intrer "lnh;;co;i~;:!I[!rug,I'f "" .. riFiI;;~ IIlIAi QI!!:.i:L!J ut hi.::: ]'eilua;l, ;J.!:: '!.'fell a!. ThdJtiJ i'lild al'lo[bcr- 'lI:llill't.:d oouiUfil.{l!i' l(flirlULC5 bisbop of Sjd.c, [[ appcan that the Ciicsm- ..... ltb hh !Io:In!l< CoMIibr,.mrl~t,~ ,;.rom!!! snrt i::It' actinn tl;l get rlrl llf Nikep'bi:lriti.!:~ ;1i'iHS 21 ~G!)I)jj 'lllicbdraw-a. ro :s5~I1.yn13; ""it'll ,1\tldL"QmlJi;oo ::!1 ~I!I ~b~ ;:"Iu'i'U'I1IlJL of r~'7} ]lnl~t ]In:1I!Qbty he ~~ ~m thi_.; Ci:l~Jto:",;.'d, ~IJI!'J"iI!1.b[y ooth~n,g enme d' ill.E:l:;~ plalH 30M after ~e \Yi.[L'i:er 'W'l!.;5. oiiNe:i' ]'U3IfIlL13 TE:lur.I1l!tL 1.0(] rb", ..::.apill.;!il.17

l'h~ C&~f 'WiU no Rll:IJtd1. f'Of ~~o:;: I:'!IWIl[h_ :1Jt:....ptl.ori'lZl::;;i hnd ~lt;vc:rJy itld'l1«d Mi~IIi!I!:iil. 1 ~ ~£Io vie,w hi.~ uncle rlC~ flEi3y "",.q.th oks! ih: hut :1JIm with S'lLo;pi.dcI1_[! HI:! then coueeived toe ide.n of tlirnin."1~nS' h~lJ~ ~11\!l'1ei.C1)' [rom the scene !1,l'Id per~u:!!d~ tho!! {!m.[:I~i)r W. ~lbtnll:S~ Icam:'IL~ wLth the II'Uri;lrl!! ;!Ilocjl:lt 'Itt k OMi!!I.LII[~!:d ngai&)!-t !J1.iI: NoW;nrl;litL nu:aurl.3ILj" ROI1=l .iii Ba.iJr1llJL \",ho h.j'lii ~~t'I'!I ~~ ... "OI~ro i,1'!j hi~ MiltOJ'. loolr!l,~. !1n,d 1:0 cbE.Y_ .!c\{ rhe m~d !".If <IIIJ ;a,rt~[]t JI.E ll:a'ObCd. w.A.tii..I. p-a~ "t]~e: Biil:h~·.I~I.:i.aL 1f[]l)w[l~;lil<l> ::'iflrl [111 Jl'Ear~t'lg toot rit<: 1'1:t.,-.1 W.15< 'l"fl~m~ in the region of the &i!ngnnoo !DUf\~lo.~, pTor:~~ '!o'[a_ Do~ail)D, to ID.:IEe'i. iRo!.lS5('l. Th", tVlfillo ;lrm.i~, ~ad~' fell' b31~~h:. frwr.d ot."llI(: luwthcr ~"L'r ~h'!! l"~p;::!u ~m.n~ J

u i'J~111r.l, :11, 1='. 16:1-: Dry!;]J" Il'P- -i-:).-;l. III! P.~11~1 II, p, ~65 ...... tll,L. 'Pp. 1>Iiii~,

'J[tI)'!!IL, ]'I. Sri; d. c:11>lbJ:.:I~n,I",>!,n"""iib".I, iPpo.. ~G-'i', _ .

n Sot: 'BFt~n .• ~!t!;I. ~I]n_ lIT. p_ iil?' ..... 111 ",ril'T'iI,,1 '''~t~ ... ~ 1i«!D'lIIIol iii! "t>~ ~'I' I!'MI~' 1Wfu1''!II'", 111'T'J1"t111< IJ,r. 'KiJ...~' (lhI- 'l:.'r::il,f) ~. l'lt~il'loI; ~",".u-y Ijo1 ~III- ;I1'!","l'i.,~ IInl.;". ;.;..,. 'l7I.! C),..,..,*4J!, '!if' ...rJ~'r Pf:wj 11.',.,:,. .. 4:1 !I'll!' rf.r~r.- ... " (L1'_i.'it;,h,~ ~. E. s;,. WnJ.lli-.It,~~~~. o-...r:.'td, ~!Y.iAIj, [,.; 1lP'- ~Sl2-~,

.~ rclry<''''-, 1'1', J.7 .... ,,11 :r.~; r'llr ~'hl'" ,1~1t' ~.;o (1\ I, 1';*1'';,. ·r-2l1ln fI~ I.il':'o fj.,il'.-'I,;H,II,.'Y [~1I ~II"'"

1t>1;'! (IGMI III'GI,)', R{" ~II (I~), Ii[;.;.

II ,Ii;~In.[, fl, 10111; :<ik~l. tiooi" 1", ,.~.

.... ~.i~ .. o.,t d",l",y ~""rm.ol.-ln "'1·::Ior.h.-.d th,~ :pr:>lJ\: IYF flU' .. 1:Irwo1J11:iI." (""",11,,,1 I'i 1 ~..."". ..... } .i1md w~ able to .lpy .;mt the W!:Ivtltllti.IJtJ. O[ LIl" F[;J[l1Ci encamped in. the "';Lhgt'; ;[!( Tr~"1 belo ..... - The 'T\I~ mad!! ~Mi .. ;!.tl:."1.dk. dI?~"Ii';rfr 00 d1~~ ~he ~illpriscd ,E'r.ulh \~re pm ~J:I Bight ....... hil~ Rou~cl "'00 the ~t rill :U111.t! ttl..:. l:[1aD:{~ IMInda, Tkoc NmnHlon ",hi>r.i!t."1.;n v."iI:I.!: ~IkoJL r:&.!Il!:"':II'D~tI by lrls ",·j!·e, hut tt1~ c.~i!:S.:l![" ..... -.l. ~EP~ ill Cl)'o!ai:l:~' b~ tl,c ... i~~p; ArtrI~lciI. WI1io HI~~j:I~ly moved LO ,li.oc in t..:: ri=. E1.'i:l"lilL'lELlly th.~ e::.n.ptLW. IbJring .p~t'l~ .w1.OOlu:u· UVldL:reLlLnd.i~'I!: b:Lw~ his 1~ndL: and til~ '1"Urcl.:lo pcaid l~a"l.ly "lotio b= kim set free. Ir,..,llnes. lll:!"""'\fer, !'ltlllleJ1'l~r:lmg lsla recent irnpio(nl~ iJ~I!I1m;JOOn nruj J1(1~ wjthout Hfi<:m1 Oln1idpatinf, IWlpLefls;1.TIIt rl!:pel:T.:LU::lL.ooIi:, :liL~t taol1l.(; [0 ·I't-acbtllu:!iLi:JtI In i:l1lE ~ti~ \"1,'h~1:: b~ 'IIlilldy Ol~ 1:(10 p.rr.ib[".a.oe th.e monastic Ijr~. Onl.)· 1:h.e", djd hI:: ds:re ':!;Iltr,.!" G...>'Ir3~:;I;!'tinrlph:: and ;U]jpt&e b;::fGr~ ~h~ 'EOlpC["(Ir,"c(o

]O;!'"Iltl~ ·I)rn~b~a 111'M1"k from DIUI' tlL'.----rlat~ ~Ib!. !:i"l:L:[)~ 'kt bav~ !a1&:n a.1:I~r ~IJII:tlH;r part in 111t..-: !"'[]lj!!lL:al life or Mid\ilel,,!!; r4 l:(iigm. YI!Il. he ~~!",~d [~ i1rr;:}n~ 'Lltc:i m ... mEL~ J hi.! ~l.'8ftd.ri1;!.u~ht~iI" IEnrem. ~G ..... ith 1..l00 promi5ill:g ~'OOlig ,'\le:<i~ '({DilI1.~m:r!. despi1~ oppooi'LiorL [rom. both tb~ pulace and the lmJ.l;'y[]OJ[]I~ !onr.:.-., riJL rn.MM:r ,!'i'

'T1~p,: ~n"Ol{ (If !50tiULt;iark;a , ... 'hi~h :i!!ibrMC in CkLi:'~t' loD17 bL"!:)uglu atCL'(i~ r(j[]i.cing ~Q tl:i!l: Ca~r, AI:thDLiI!j;I~ h" pL'ebimd.ed IW¢ tl) ~Q1~liI"~e: :1."n.Y,;I!!:UDIJ..:l a;ga~I'I~il: lLl~ l';::~""·,~ b", j~LLI:a[ i1~"'G wel.o!m1J&l tbt i.u"LJ-"fldal change, He W[l5 orglli(';!.:: ~CI ;z!rlvise ;:""-'I!ic:1i.!Ml 1" 4 ro ::'I~i=~!5: a.[ld ~~teT ,1 rTW1!~i~!I~.b> ,_iiJk:r I:bl: l!I~~!:1I~ ur Botnnci.1.'1.ti31 in tb~ r.=~ Ilrmuch Cfl.nO'l!Ii(" ... ~ i;rroe;"ulan'it)'t lc!~l'In€:S INn.<; im,1:nln1~t31 in, ol§i3ting tlLr:. JillW .,.-,pt!rcIr [1lt:llany tlil~ e:x'l!EIlIpr=:l :Miao.L"ia, I[]u; !;Lift: ,of Mrchad ,r f. J~

The C.1~aT v.m~ 3tll.yil'lg" In ~LiJ I~:atntt:s 'I'n Mcooiatllltlti.ou io Thrace in t~ ;5Jl"fLlTIS IJf [1iI'S~. ·rh~ be; \'!o\Ei.i:l c~~'ghi!: by ~u"[Ji'i!-e ,(I.'t ttiI~ r:re\1,3 Df AI~ ~IDIIl!liIOO' re'!(iLt. The KcJ.l1ll!~nl:li, L!\~lL'C.; C!.fh~ indbJ.51ll.itll!l3. ;!IIt"ld. :zyFip~th~.;ii:lk:illp,l.y il1'l'lred 1.00 to ~~d;r d:iAWi:;:, 'WoI;: 1;11] !JLlt' side', ~Q tbeir ]l.~t l'alfL, "hnve pl:1iipare:d ii ri~f1.'1: I'jM m~l, ru)1 'NMLting in r.id~ ~E1di!no::;llrti, h1~t iF}"4m !!In :r"(JlUJ" ai~ w:i,Jt 'loW !-:hii!l'e ~lh.l~ li'lII;i..qUC~, YO~I n~u:::t eome ..... iili all ~pttrl [0 p:!oT""tttire of Lt:,l Iuannes did ltIl',Il: wu .... ei'". ~·mmedUudy 1iI~ ~~ Oll~ ~o ~t Alp.xiru_ On lLis wa.y he 5-\I.O!:lr.~i~ ,i~l ~endet"i1b..s tWO iml"ori;1!lLL services ~i.1< rbt:: ,L-eb-.::L,liil"St ~ ~!PIJL1irll1~ !1;tr iUm 3.I!II~~ O'IJE1.tll.JlfLt of mrn~1 (:8fn~. by "'I' imperi .a ! tax CtlIJ"l:!aL' aad ..:11.<::1"1 ",n lM~irr:.g t1L~ HeLJrll~ hi po::rru..1dll1g a b:mrl ",r Tutk..i5h rru:;~!1r1n~s., m-i~11JI1L~ ~rnpL~1!d by 11l;itan.cia[.~, tl) dlml,ge ~ir.les..

Tho!;: K.QmJ~tIJ:li ~tb. I.l~ Tel~l, ~~ on rbal:' '!!I'Jo'{ to O:m.o;laHth~lL:: 'i\.t:LII:!

b~pry 00 \!'lCl~ ehc c,,=i" wh~ ",":,,"1.!:i a...::wmpru:il1rl Il.'!o' h~ '!I01lL1~ gl":l.1td<'m~ MtchEl&I !i'l iLTU! lOOlillil1.C lj, r~t I:l~,,'_ 1,'l11[1.g:e !tit Se~5'~ '" ;:-n;1(","I~l cli'nrC'l'tntt 100"" pb~ w~';di. rbl"rnll~ l""ti.ey ... nrl ~ctl~ nrtrl still more LITIport;mt. :1~ upon ~h'l: imp.l!L"iaL c.1,ru:!li.ili!cy r1~ J-\~:orl~i 1:i'I~~IX:I' ~~I;;n, 11Lnt or h~ 1Il1J;~I' 'jylotnlt'l" ~~a~_kiru, tkUl"h Iltlo the 'Ii>'l:-1:!:a~nGI'IIr.. ilili:"'f'!I1::ni.KI'U wf 'l1\1.: C[l..1:'.'Irlr 111 hL'!; r.I'I."O"Lu·.JJ

,;I, lJ..1'~.ii., pp-. ~7-1-13: Min!., pp, !!'I1'I~: Zon" III. ~. 111. Pur llir ,I;,.,i,ll:l, 1>1 ~h_' ~n"lL' d,

J!llh=u, D[to !:il_, I'j)- 61j.-(1, .

" liiry",rw., lip.. 1...Go-fj, ,. Ilrynk., 'J1. I ~!. I'> 'IIr~-"'H:I,. I'" I ~~ ~ :It .... ,"", I. ". ~ l-

H EI ........ ~.- pp, I~-;r" Th" ;nl)l"r;l"t'IiiDn. er Ih~ ~ "11 It>,-ILIII" <W ~~lILLI t'ffiL>1 ~ ~..,nh ~hlned ~~ IL~' t.f>-1;ili~~ ilY."l'l1r'l1.i Ew:i!<lki.L ~LL~II'I;."'lilt'Jo.l. '!Jk.r. WoJ.' ,u,.o n , ... ~Ji"~I( iu II-.-:

lKid,,1 .!"b",_ I fM:l II~ 1J.o..~ illl.\l"fVEf";::-tI. 'v.:...lpki~ '" ""loll 'fiNlI'nlth II- ~ ,. nl.1I11..-..i I,,, Ii- Lhll1L lll''''''_

JI Il/i:IIl.H, I, 1'"- Ikl: Ir.!...... Il... ,I., ~. f'liil,W'l,-U' .... ~:~I ~ :p.. .lr I~ H .s: ~h,i1, I ~clI~. I" ,;,~,

IJ ,11' .... 1011, I, 11f1' Os:· .:r-

41

~JoJli.Juorni.3.1'iCln om. I O:!lor"JI1;:!!;, S~elal (Ii tnt!1l1 I.';!!)'lt.1in cornplirutnl.!l <Ll»JJt hi.!. ]WJ~rn..1J1l,ljh~]J "'I~d ~ un l.i~ la~'c Df lLLlll~i.11!£,J':; h11! all th~ !;llm~ J'\;oel~ d,!app~~ of hh fri.t,~d'!- 1)~r.,r,l ..... f i:mn):~ :tor ~"Ci ;ml; ad' ~pi>I'i. uf'llLil- l;illd_A SUIJ, 01)111 a 00 doo e OI!~m11 .I~t:: iiJld ]~l he::.ltalc to pr~ the! [1:!~r'~ .'11~ inleJ~\ ~jjj .IJZfi.min;g_l" CeJ"I2Iin. q'llu~il)'lTt" Qf'II .fIiJI.<itomy 31t1l: arurw~r~d i.rJi:LIwtlL>l:[' 1e1~"'I •• ~1 E.qunlly ~1lt!i2lble 1::; ~ Llil .,.,.hit:.h ,PJcl~ um,,1tl"atl,lL.ilJlei him, .:;In 1ho!: l;Iinlh frl a '!Vl1I["ii;l~L .".,hl;J i:m account of hia inability t6 ~~ jlI(oF,l~I'I}' i:3 !.:d:IIlJtd 'a. !f:~DI~~ ~1h:1!;',"·J: Iiis 31~Q ItnOWrl that iffillll1.t!!i l1iims~fwl"(I~;::.it numher "F h~'I'r' tflD1rl~n~ary lettoc!:1i 'Lr,i ~1J1:l!,~] !JI)I)!!; of ..... 'I:rii:£b alJm~, 1.'ktD>l:D'!.u=:r ~noo gi\'id- 'LI"i dLt: c:xtr~rnt!L1.iJ1[~~ting i'11form;1,1"ion th.~:~ tne QJ~r tofl'l.: JlLi1in~ 1ill ha ... 1:: l1le ,;.t;b",l3Ir'!I tl"WJ~ L'f~ters 'l!op1ed i!ll!l& p1ll:.!!::,y(:tL 44, T~)i.::; i!i Jirttil in r3J£:L tbe ol~L1 i["i~~iIollC~ (1i his [I;~'i ... ity i I~ h.a'!.'~I~g rn!llmrn:::nJ!"ts copied. "11l>!: f,'iml)'UJ; 001'1_ ]~.il!I"", 8~' :r,4')(I9. '1;"'I~~h !:'OO~~aiJl.a ~hc iJ~ ~~dll'Zr~~ lmpu1a, W~ WdUltl1 I:l:r" hi!:i ~l'ltt-.ary Midtael H"~~!:oiI.~s 'I't ~hr,JIlM ;111000 bt: DltI~ed that J.oonme& l:toII.![kn.:; hiims.elf'lJ'LlId~ ~~ J~Iol:D':ary ~Jl\oo-t.o;" A liin~Ullh-'l}~ntury 1'IUInll!f';r:.ript appEal"!;; LI:i ~I:iibe OCt lUn:i. .(!, l'"!f11n1n to $1: ,B&i!.,~

I(!~n~e: Douk.1~ ~r1~ne.d" ]J~ly ~OO>~l~' 'I ri1.5, 'I;;';rell~ a da.ugJll£~ af UlJ:; Dr,;!.,,!: 8~~r,~ I }i. ilE~a!:iP~ik:!i."1 Thank_.; ~ tlLE kll:J8 funeral orntion 1'se13D!:i d~bcd Ii:!< .bEJ: death (~rell~ died itt lo6o....fi6J I seme ~ndderlils of'R'leI 1£[(; are lU1Q1N1l"~ :By thls lVi2icr,bp;li", Ieannea became ti~ fi!tll!l:l: of two !-O~, i~1"ldD'l!il1fikoo !l'J al~d :Koo,.tiLll~!irl.i:.l!:i ,~.;<". He S:lJIr",h'r,rI, both,

l1 ... ve tJ;;]d ~1Al JU:ID1u:'!d ~;oOOL110n or IIhp rnn:I:: IJm ~~m,pLy [he: !W"..onr;!~ry ~ n<J ::;nh[)r:dJ~!!!~t. ;:11;'11"1 ...m.kb \"IM ~r; ;1.I:il1nal (ad p~at:[L'I:;,dl)· equel 'l6 rn'-!. Dr 1m brotkl'.11' O~ (be: tl.'fIC: ~ !EUldlJki;a'!l, [Itlan iag.li ro "R.arnaUD:3. ~ch.ad ...... as rot-!! of rhe irul:I"lUID';IJit. dlt\lclapmeltl:i!:i but :!IIP-Pt'TeTltly !~iledi ~:(I- :re;!I1 i!'".(! !i1o!':ir ~~rn..,L5

il1lpLii:l!l~iom-I'

i\l:iJWI~!l:h ~~~ ..... as. talren "Wo ~tL!~w'-!J\tl ~ll~ 'lhn!:AlIiilh:ol ~igll1.a (if Miclk~("1 ni: thor.

lWI'L~11 of RI~II::U3lIl.O-S,I:t 11~ ~ll~£:Jo!I ::i1)Q[tJer period -of ecliptic: ~n j~jt~ nf lhe fac~ ~!Ja~ ~:4li.ci",n"1 ~.Qg~·h~ wLlb bOIl!. his hrothers, .hI! !';tilL C:Dtlti~~ I.oJli tujuy " ]J.(!IiTJLI"a'J nrnl , ef ctlm~, an CJIIt['I"L~ly ;iIlilX":tLVI!!!, t:f1-I:LIllPe:. o Liiliip, IS 1'l1e d:i::;oil'.tmLa IIIIIIJLOOTITII'! of l!i.i;lIlT.I;:.!HiLOO' last ~"1!lmrai~l~ ill Mall~..::rt Dill 1'9 AlL:g'!l,;t ['ll:jI ~ ,'''' t:OJlIi.pl.erel:y c:.OOTilgl:U the pi'l:tI!'TI'! and enabled ~;:.h:>i~i .w.. ;:m.rn~ !JJ =. Coo J: and to 1lIbl;;Lin ~~ c;r(i!,,'11 wh1i::h ·""-lJulrl have IIJ"jO~~· p~J;ihlbLy ·lltb~T~ rffill!li1!1eti ~:.-0n4

I1jl gt'.,!';_[")-

At tln:: Ln!-t1ga!:!JJL1 (If ftcnQ~ ?I~d r~II~~ J"3! MiclL,d appe:.!jocd in :Mp~l':mh.!!r

W;1'l :1J:!II joilllL ruler mfll his f~ltI~l.C[, fill'IiI. a ["OO1lI~n [u LeL', OOlIXYwiQg th~ removal or MQ'Id;~, hI!; ·\'o'M ~Ii!litl!l,"d :iii ~ol!!: ~f"l!~l$ ;lJltbo!.Jgh for at least [he nQt f~ }~;~~, hi: 'COl'ltinLJEcli 'to TCOOgl\i!W:. hL.,; lWQWIli ;;'l1dTDI"liikt:J~ 1.5 and E{~n~ arolllu..~ l'l.f1lij~mim- ~mp:;re.n:}6 tl.'io"(;1iL tllHmgb ~ndr ruJ~ 'WS0;5 purely dI!O:IIr.am'e.

r''lJWill.Y:; jll,01:.ap:JIbl.:: of ·t.iJl:111,g llll:]e:pi:nd~nt 1I:cJlrJliI, ~jJch.,~;I rei! llll"lclltr [be dit"!l:C!. coattol Qr ]t~[\ enore 'C~pr:-nI!:lLta;d il'l pljJ blic: ~LIThii:B U:J!IIII he 1'Iiii!:;, At Ijpt hlis ul]d~· ].aEliD~~ .1'3 togeth~ ·\ ... i~h P~lloo ~.il1ed iL'L ~k- oiIolLt:!=J.c"t I!o,~th hillL. bus the: rl!i!'L aLlldtori~r !1IPp~ to 1ri~'l1~ ~~I!d with i'hl!!! prulk'lrc .:;u[l1,'I.;!L Ieamaes ·~i!l:lwp cd:

SiiLt. ThlIt iOOTiIl! uf~.:: c:njoyOO ,hoi: ·im:p!'!J:.bL cW1llFid~e..Liar ktng. Thl! ~l.I[1lip.portune ~"OD"t.'! .d the GM:t>!!r !!:I !.LiPp:H"L 1!!mL pll'OID(I~e tl~~ un.:5l3mvnllJui ]'I; iJ;;~phor. i.1l'lP"'-'i ~I' pi!lki.'i:C ElJft1dir.l: .m'I: on1:,- l~J:"o)ru.g.tLt "i:oo~ll dte ecl;f11J1!: or she otr.ullL[~1 ;~d ... iw.I!:: of the oriIr~i!lsl1 b-Lit m.eaTilr. we >!}OllJ:~~LL~lkm of;.'lU. p~r llil 'Ill!: MOO' J (hiE cnfP,i e\!I~1t~tL' Indeed. ~J:olI"J"bl. then mi. (] 0I"J} Mie.llEieI ~Ll~ deeper ilLblJo [be

47

Q[' dt:CQL"1J.Li,yu fM'''i..w.~,' ~:I"i,"", ~~~ l!Lud .. tor,;, .ne5oCripti"n~ ,.,,/: 1"",,,11,,,,, hI'" "rr'r~"" to h[Lvil: he!il'1. ;Lr.1. i..~5&i.r.a"t and il)ClMIilpt!!t~t ~ , .... ·]~IJ I:1IL"liL in hia Q'to'n milieu E';-t.,li:d !l;I Jfu1l.l~ hi~ pr~ooc. felt,

~'Il'all~cif etioogh ;~f.ltl in COlltm!;t 'ltrI his two ether aous, the ~p~r ~~ct -C("!1)"Jllf1~ Amlrooih)lI. ThL!l; h;c i;lSd, n-ol paL"ti.cipiI}t(; at SI junlN oI:lJ.l!.IilJpcror u) the tnteubn ~lJq d lMulol!:L-t ailt:1t tll{ death ar!'liP; E.1.theli KoI!i:l~I:JI!inOli l:i·, Lt \'In.ll Rormll)Dt ]V Diogc:nl;S who pll1.eed AP"t!iroTTlL'k1;r.l 1:011 all ItqLJ!IlI roo1:in~' ""ioL ]ds bl'QlI~¢r::;) !,J4_'''i'''iJ~ .' roor h~ eame to ~ft'l: throue, Yi::.1. iil CCtnt[?<t tr.. KI1II:ItatHioo F,~~ tJLti oo.i!Jl1.,proUt'3~lV ttf ,Alldr(lld~GLt oI!~itktH.ly made .i1lJ1; impr.ti.jion on 1ih.e F,lopukT miL)d, 1I:mti. hI::: J;]:lrue ~ l'!l1r,!lJckLl i.1' OOlJIC Ui:;1'l; (I[ &)'Y.aIllI~c IC'rnp~rnn- 4 RIUill[!,l'Ir,L:l ,lJirn~~li/'waj IJndOllb~r~l'Iy ;Ill~ by pll1'"L': I!:Eptdil!JLq, 11'1 M~ l!.'Irpfdi-· !~1ID t[:l !!rui~n Asia )'Ili;oor in !lLt: ~r ",f l DlilI~ he ~AndNloJLil:too :r!f. 21, h.o~:ti.'F:e,~ Qlwim.u!ly to pr~-\!~lt, ~ble 11I.!mIeJtI!~nL!l, :!II!Flm.~ h~IJ'L bi other mern ... ~r.-; of the DooiM [;Lmi Iy wba \¥e~r,: ~La~·,iiltg in C:o[1~'Ii:'III,lii~~. ,ilLndn:mikus. ,oonlinll~ as CQ-c:rnpl;ruT dLlriog th~ ffiLl{Jt ~I!.;ra of Micllael~ /1 'rei~l; he- e'I.'~ ~~Cfl"Is. tc ita'l/':: ~~, £IJ"cm:lai:ed Sit the upe.lue or i;{Il[:lll3D),ti0;5 l'l.~

ft,~tdromiJ.Im; hau ~tLldiodl1J1~~ Faeikr:;.'r In a liit~l-c ~L"!'lOOLil.I sket·r:h ~I-o:i ~aiOO:!- l!Ji~ rw.xM:tity iL1. h~rllll!Lwmip ~,ml i~ m.'lIB'ti.n;s, aports wll.icl"i. other IrI.embc~ of Ll~ I::runily n, l~~ ,~njQyed,1 Apad f~ tbi::: mon~:i". ether Wl:irb ~t .... l.'bieilt W(:r.c wr;i~:I>e[:l ~pc:ciEdi1" fur AmdTQrli~ :fl.TIid in, part;~dn:r .ibr- hi; cd~I-=ti!:l!L. fs~l~ Pm1I'~ptJ:3td SI br:ir=f tfe~~~ oWll ~o:rno!l!tr.y fl!!L' bil1l~ :a!ltU 10<11'".1.1113 ] talo!:; tv."O phi~flMcal ess.l~"S, r,mfo eCtn'llcrlii[l« di[ljl..,r:r;l.c;II':Mtd thfi iilotl~-cr n.s:t!i.J~ "",.i.th tho: I"'~I;TFiL~!lJJ!,jOL'L or .;Jill Heeneric ~g~.[)1lJ dn::.nlllG.11

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l A~I:U.,~ ~1!6: Skrl• ('..[I11~.F ~ Ii<;Ilti !jk1\l1'1". [h I,f};!: d~ :r, 1LlGigm" i;i, i"D.!ilf]lo:Il"t'! Wit,.!:). 1!iP1).

IJI,. ~l~j, ~r.a.otOCn i!ofpi~ iL""~W1.1JoS 111"111 l:.u.doki" with Iilir;~ Dirt.k!"d b[otbr['"ll (fUr, ~tT'TItr::I :1<:1: !'Ii!a.'I! :-'jio:J».!l j'41 [O,I:a) il,ruirol,ikos 1ill~i3i OIl Micl!tlEl's. I~, Idt, 1rn,), ,Im, po!Ih<;ll1 IE'lIIf u.dk~D!: Ilhovi. ;:LS 'Ih!:: "....1II1:j.I!:ii.,rktJi~11- ft'ih;: IJ1,",'~ hn r;::l!/"t P.~!:'i:,lcIlCo!: to ~~r '~~I.~r LW!I·

• tlil mL1lI1H ;J.]l1F'n IJi!:lWMI1I1~~ di'Rl!l1l~ IV ol!'Id Mi(:h~ V~~ "4 lr. 1i!t11;."I..L>J a~ ~~rn"" "1)[]]~Ii11!rI'Iw:!I i .. [},~ :I'>~j .... Qr riM u,;'lsi'll""" llb.1v:oprit: ~u6I"rnR~1I a.c A~h'="" llliJn&:Q ~. oJ O!.if!niI' ~ "!I~IL ~ryj. ~11d. <'It Rbz.;j1;O. (I~b. ¢,l[ur,,'). ~ S. Eul[J;llji~d,.".,. Tb .:rt~m Toj¥ "~!O ~ 'E.U.<..'&::-. '<!B~'E. I'~ t~OO,~).I" l4: ~- Cl.J!.I"'-':t'"I- ,:t.r :';;~J'r.d.i«o" d~ 'J:'2.}1'1'r ,~" X!J~ :iI:~, .iii. 10 (1'!)j~l, p.. 4{1,1 i ;,IJ!JTL, 'Le S)'11...1ioon .;:I~ L·.!S'Ie;.;: oIt IRb,odt:, :w ~,{Ilk .i~',

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~t<Cfl.l hi~ porphYJoll:r.l1i~1i1S. Kill ill a speciul manner snd an.Er III!! ~rl '-JTiW11ffl 1,o.'I'icil ~",1 J 4 it k li.kLv ~,aL he 81so bi!~IDwtd lh~ imperi~l di:~nkl" U~l Klll1w ~1<11I'1IJOO,) COn:1'l:.L'IIJ.t:fitl~ rn 1hl;:" nr...~ ~ Dr Ewdrolkii1 (~;;: M;J;>- J I no::,-~tJef" I~) :K.omtanLi.OO ofFk;'1IbLly :!I.]}plS!ll':" :!I~ !';h:~nng the 1hrol'lo! ~t:1JLcr ......-itf1 .l\.i i r: L~ I ~ [ljncl. ~b'1eir InQth~r.6 hJ,u[. VIIoI: ll1.LlR :a.!L:iUICI! [bat h.r. ntr.lllpi~ ~Me IOW(2i! 'iu lLo.: lDi!pltii.,l l!i.(:r.m-:h)·. He oontbllhlo::l to enj,?,y dtc !-a[lI~ p,:Jo!::i!Ht.rt dllLr1l'lg ~&,~ l?ijJl"1 or R~ IV (~068-1 '1) ~he Q;IlJly diffi::~nG¢ b:;'ing that tilt 1{I .... '(:j~ pLiCE it! this '11I:lm+llI:Ll o::5D·e-roPI'lJOF.:njf' W\lL~ nnw ct:C1LP~ by .'\ndmr:.i kJ)~ dJ,1

hliol'TilLi!L'iioo ro:n=r'Hil~!!: the I'ID.lLti.6Jt of Koustaeuies il1 Lhu; T~l{Il d ML1:bae[ VII I ~ (1 07 ~ :8) i:3 .iom-lo::w-bat eonlused, IIIl the first ]).19 C;::'I a~ least du ling ~l1e dtrtr YC"{i11;, ho:i: acted 8S jtl'1lri(lol'" "'1"J'~~ro:I'I ~l~r ·, ... ttl, An.nl"Q[1akJ:l<I,t 'J h~ ~ig'll,at'l.ll'~~ u.f both ,"ppear in LUI. Impt:r,i::d Utlt!!J.Ii[)('1Ill, ::'tlltl ainoc ItLl!lt r.)f KUlL~[amio::: eames 'ht.:;t3 l'llllti~'lL with 00Jn{: jwrtiftcation be rrrrerred tIh .... " ill ronjr.1.~t to Ill::: earlier lii~l~t poSition, he W.j1!; '1!.QW d/P.m..lMOi~ tn ll~1!. thirnl. place, SOtliA: ~uppOTt tor ,tbl::! ... ie-'.1.' j!; to'l:J~.d In Kl;Jm:ta.lLLit.lS-' ~y""u ~~, 1l1I8.d.€: !!Il few ye,-"i~

l'1,.IJv!11 ~I,"',k~~ (If D ~lllliIlr;ET !!l)r;'" ~1"'~LliI1ol~ ~n- Ilh!!: thmne, r.b!: r::J.!lt' ~r i\1~tt T 'I{.nnutrl1(J1 !:Ll'illn.1!y .;n'<I!:l '11) mind, H~ ~""r. CI"p.:!Mi, iU bis dyic:p; r3rhEr'"~ ..... i.11 :II~ i~, .1i....trj.1HI. o[ Iilil!! KlLLivri[), .. C!his bl\l!lilliT I~",ki,~, ~ t::.inlll .. pp. ~:r!" 311\1, CI:->., ~. G,I "l:, bw; «. R. 1!1\I!'l"l"oli~, "Tb:: J~[h ...:rJ'tIhn 'IE ~m~ll''''":, ~,.3:1 ~ l~ij 1)1 r'i!mou,Uy PJl. 5l~-~ ~llf;..: r"-IZI 1"I:11",i~.:oJ ~r...LI! ~h,,,' '!ebB ~~" .. Idrr """ ....... u.g oiCIn ..... I:!N iIJ ~ 1""'1-;- ~I.,:i. ~~11 J.lj ib'r: 1'I'([',[r"nI I .. !:Ie eoYIlI"-.ll'f HI ltie !IlY~I'~ <"1 ..... ,11 w,Q" SIl1T"": 1 ..... <;1 hllll~red ~~ :W:Fi 1/:"-'" ~lil·I)1 d ~IlIU~ ~I MiI:~~.d Vu I r?h1:JL.z,111:f1t~ ~~I I~ 11r.,,<'f.IL [of! 3o!;'i'l>[! the Ih1"l1ll" I':' his fM-"Q.Jril!.: ~"QL!I1B""l 0>,11. Kv,~,,~i,i.Q:O, ,r-f~ jik~.u.:. "" lH'~I~Y~,~Iw, boo I ~I.~ jlll~ poIiEil!11 ~r I~ l;"i,.,,~ JlM:loiotd J.I!1 i",,,nYliliUI'-:bk Illm;x:k, .;; r<"9., r, p.. ~B-;:".liI1l'1"k-:::! II-.:: pcl.i::.l pe~rocl1!-' rlr.u·~ ... ,.t,u~ ~ .:.:...~ ~ ~ :ftjMi~ rO:'-I:r(I ",UJ),U.II, -1~" (5(", J'[:*11':'T=r ....... ) ..... ~~c ';'I,"/_F T';" ~"LJ,,~,. ~~.,....,. ,1M" ...... ~.:oJt'l~.t;ru-rW (o.!-. ~i.::.h~~l~,

ToIl 'roE1L!Jl1 ~ !l':.elb. I do DIlL ~~ 'lb,1U ~ ~"~"" "1..,..... he [D;;lIn~!IIl l:uoilnlliXal, """'ht1u .... ~r he 11~;1"" (jf'~\Ii'li c~=nil,;~, ,,","~~pfil:i~ am ,~~milP:ll., !i.;-r.:l,i,o ,&.r_ il):h~ ill:lpc:n.Jl 1ti',:lIlI_lIol"I,iI: Ilf'Rarllilnl!~ rr I AI-ID'Ttt:; (:II !'lil" ~ 1--2}, i),liIT<-'ILI rv polf'hl'Ul1l11 (r,l" ~i:!' .... mclu.d v K:!I~~~~ ~I, p, 110). ::L'I"L ,1>.'Lkht.>!1 V[] LUnlkl"ll: r111 1" 1-tSI. fA:,~~!lO' .:r'~l'n. eon ~(t ~ ~hc llo;l["" timl.u namll uf f.h,;: ~mJi~!f~ :u;,.iI i" ~liu. ':rLSE-1h!:: """'"1: of ~hll IT'I,ilHl'S!~. ~h1J1 " ~~~~. ~ilLO!. I~ ~1;.o<T'I'1. I r.~" ~Iut ,.tat "'~I!'dI inocn.dnIIO ot~l1~l'!!o' ... ". !Im[ Koc&lInl illl. r.' b...JILII11!'d ~ .. ;.: "","",,1),"""=, onlL ,oiLb li11e ·ilnJICI"LlI name', Ib'1 i.:ll!.llkd-l,iitl E{DI1!I.:!.'11Lo,1II'o-S:Dt"d..l'J'lmire. ?...,,,~rn., ~11!.:o.."..1"" IJClnluSotd in this 'h:-~jll"1i~n (d . .iL'bm'! 11· !i), p~aoobh.· r::'1i",,,,,kf.l.'100d I'vl!lPl,

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d.&t he h~ been l;..t1dl~' trt:a!M Dr Mid~ad '~1'~. "lJtlmusll 1'1.'

«JUI$C Rkr to some a-th.~ jru:iJo:m1, ~lji~c th['-.!~ ap]J:1iI-eII~' in f .. ,\,I),I~ II'I~I/ or ~ mOIl)' hB;.,"C OOcaQaLl~j[)' b~,: lo,,;!(al'd_'l:d a .. " ZLJO:;~t'~~T' I"1Jo Ih.:;: LIl~~ ~I. to the birth of tfu: oI:Rl~t'U1" ~ ~1)11 Kaw:;[;'!ntuuz.; 23· H!:", r311ier tlla3t Ule ~ AndronikO!i 16, It..lll ln.r;n ~\I_ggCSkd ~'. the ffiIIP'I~,I'O.~ I'J.1! RoJ-bm GIII~.J.rd;u prospective bL~dq:.'TtIf,Irn fiN 0TiIe: uf Lb~ NOonit;1Il L:h~l:"l s daL'gJue,,,;, 1'¥D ~

.... ith similar ro[1~En!t, written b)'P!-;~'lIl)!, pll1l fon'f:.1.n:i [ll~ r~rx:e:I'i'l,'~ rcB.l~~ propo.!-3Ils.I" AIUr.,)ugh these phl1~ f'e.l1 tillflu.gh, UtlLY do 11 ~1:nLd~ i:'~d[..-'-iItt 111~~ KoosWltiCU.' i:1ffidR.L poottiOH w~ '!'UL!"l1 !II-i!.~ ILi~ rn.:u'J.j?lgt;: "",_m,ld be: 1!(t11rid~:~ &5 :LJ} o!rrC(;LL~ m~~ of 7jJ~1.:!iLll~ BF,;:]n.l!LI[~ s .ml.J..tt fOJ'J1!k_~;~bI~ eJLi:.I:II,Y. T~ ''C2fi later, .UTcr Mt~h:.1[:1 ~ 14 OO'iil t ..... s OOI'JlI, '1mi];~.'1· pHI~l(im.Jom: w~~ ma.:it! I Gu~. 1m~ 1';.G;u.:3Lan~;IJ!- ,,,as nO' ton~r the Ll.lpic ;j)[ the Ilo!1lh' 3imd 'lI.cli[:J~ nego[iJlioroJj, ,·\ppar~!~lly his f",\!iIL ~itLof:in at OOtl rt had RDlv' be>:!11 tal:~1 D)' iho:: ~"GWtStr PO::!fPh.Yh:ogr.n~tuli !'yfltlJll. 1m fl.:l.Lher !uJf1ed [a .Il1l11!"ltf te C!lM'lJl!Il.r or -Ult Norma~1 1e.'du':l~ !if;"m.gh~t",-s.

Kou . .:lb.'lrl~ DtNIJ.:~ ia L!g;~iJiI beanl of [I) I tin .ll.:;; ilollc; frrr,:nd, ;~1I1.d ~W:II:iail! ar AI~ Kom.ooJ.o1)!l;, Muda ~~ hi! 'NOLo.; ~Yif.h~ to 5>i:EAje:-.ifu marrioo tQ 1.J~ ~tr 7..0:: Zol"I: Fi:.Qft5u:.nljl);!j ""'a.o.; unaele ro ad~i~ ... e tlli~, I ~ 1'J11: tWft 11lC11 .nppe.l:r J..! ~a.d.c::.iTl-9.['JW; lare ilL I V]] tlunllg tb~ ~~.;: I:Jf tlo'l!o;t~mit1>!J'p!~ b)" the foNer;!! ~t'" lQafuLe'; U~01 ITIi~. Whh a haodTLII! or rru::~I, bath were ~"1TIlUJk.d ~~.i~1i {hI!! ~ru.iuility of i'1<lrditlg tIN: bll.d '''''all:; of the d[)'_ A tin~lily .o1J~tI OO1.IIL~g"C{lIo; !-'LLT(I'li:iC: Jail)' Dlo' A~~ 1'(!!!iljj[l!!:t en a ].~~Gtae,d"T C3ptur-c of SQmI:" tWl;:Rty l;o!l~[~~ of 1110: i!il~}' a.ltd 'W(JoJt him idgh pr.,ioo from t~I~'!' oIlyzan1"i'lile.:l, illlll::~IJdLl1i ilbI: emperor h~lf J(o]1::l!;~nil:io~ ~'I(; ;!!re [ak!, lJltal:,];:: to :O::I~I"I:; iM I,hi.:;; DriAllnph, ~C~ both .f1RlkJyCd 3~ld (;'1'I",lmts, and bLuJll~d hLI rrkt,d tOr nul ~1."1.Vi~lg j[I...llc;l Mrn [oj'JLn bUTI LJL the ;3ucocsdbl arn.b~,:;h, .. z.

_~ fto",· moo I·!:.s. later, wir]O::I1I !ite fLl~;JjL aiilgC; ,iJ~ the t'1:;Io'\1']Jt of ~i k>C(l'OOroo Bcr.. 1I.11ei;:;Jll!::l W~lI ~00Ed, Mk:~ad J 4~ hr:llrlS' ;1i::oOut !Q :tIibt1~r.."tl!"j ,~rLom;ly !lt1.o\ii{Ju (i[ -olfcirug ]~i!J; cnuWI'bling- 1i1l"1)1l~ i.'I) L~JM.i4:aJL~1ao. No chubt he had • ."lread~' Jest all hope ~~ 5e"o!u.r1EL!o!; ~I;" fur hia tlwn. ~)1}, Pres.w~1..."1.b!:r' w;ithuu,t his b!"~tber"s kIlCIWJ~~,

51

:8Ll! 11~ {!'itL nor !Ii1ILL'Ii.'Ire thil v.I~rh "Vo:-ry ~tl:r' ;[jfle:t',~a[!b. t!rl .• I:; OctobEr 1081. in a bktody ~11I~1m"'l~t. lJdb.fe lJ),T1EI.1;b1ofl Ille \'ffif. l!;lJt.D1l {og€:rllell' wJIli IlItlmller valbJ!t COlTilmdc:, Nll:ii::p'hom~ .1lI'Ym;:![I~r:1[]~, ..... hn ,I';U; ~t!"L':l-1t."il It(I Kr;.~~FlInul:lll' ~s!Ci' ~ !}.Q,1J 5]l~al:ti.Qg IJfI~i~ tlEa'i.h~ ·Wjlliar.~ tJ[ Apu!li!. ;!I[w.~ tbAlD!':' W'J..:I bLlritd

...... i4~L 'fhA: prO~L' b(JII01m' ...... .

Ko"ru:iLEl.nt!l:!! DO~lb.!l; .tJkrlyol1f1:[:, but h£,j brld" Li(~ ~ IIjI;. i~t imJic."lJte. that .;U:; EI. p~l'¥Il1 he l~ad IfMt'1::: RDm~r.ahlA! ot:jElililltie; tllal1l il!Lth~r [I~ 11iis bti:lU:I!:rL Psdloz, ~~bu h1Je.\~ him ~ll1jltl!uely, ri.'!!....oLtl a ~ba.f'8.Cl£r :!Ii:l:1:[M liaI l~imi'5- in witkh hI:: ]Nai~ him frn" hk d~m~r.1ty i~l horsemanship and ~n tn.!JIoting. Th.~ :s;un!E auutm" also VI':['oJ1~ a ,(lIeQi.r;,;ll. IN!30We for ni~ ln~trm;)lll}l1_'~

No iJmo'llm prorlXaiJt Of :i~1 c§ t:.olll:l~'-![I!liin app~;3JL' to haee Do::IiI p~r\'~,.~J' Tb~rl~ l.3 alao n~~ t:'iI'iden'!}~ that he Dtliilnjro,

J'UIoTII;L 'lIo'..:iI.50 [ftc oI:ldest. d,lU8hkr or~l~ or:rnpe:I;I:IL' Koru~lIIntiim~~ .x .1.:<' Ultd hk ;5l!'l;ond I'll f~ Eo 1.11 do ki..,"1, I g he L"11t C'f ed .;L1nO.1lI a!:l [(;i'i .ILm d ~!o' [Il'; ~ Ii Ll ~ I!£L-T;: \ll'J1.{: n l'\1:.Ll g::; ''''1" rtJIJ!;

bu. LJi ro !li.1.[1' .:J,Wo!I~' Oil

'J .... WMal:, 1, I). 1131_

.. 'Q~J.dJit!hiHi IbdJto =~,l!J ~poli~i.u!: ~~""

CaI:alill.llUlliU !I-;'! est rubb.wnil~u~ .h~,1Ilt"I: oiJecl!Dli', .1'.." .titm .u ,i'l.,!in! (.<ro:...-wd, w •.... "

+JV--3 (po ::z:;:!6), Hi" dr::;o.'lb .111 ::ilro rCJ!';Ir~ by OOlOU ..... ~Ioofl" 5(ou,rre;, · ..... N.;!:' o::rxJ~ bdm wi!.l, K.:=illll1Ul[l'& II!/> ('.l .. i' .. tQ.WUe~. ibitt. • .I" ~-s!s' loOd. ir.. R" oJ:} (1.'9[i'2J i 1~'1o .... ·:J-

'" T'Kllw,lJo ~). mSo.. .

N '",~" ~~ I',.IiI.1t\1L'T:'wr. :rIi •. {J~'c""l'w, .K~ ~ ...... Il:ltiw, ~ P~II~ fL oMJruDJllI;r![l!i:Io

o;IiinIo'JIlu°. PG, 1:2"2, 0:4, !!~\-

'~:Jl.. D.u~, 'D~T Ji.o"J,L!lD.UlWIm o;!;:;r ~n~" helligen F:l"IIIc"" IJW.hiH, ~. (-SfT'lo:!

lk,fji&rio:J.'Iol, ~r.;f" 19 .JJ"!p1J'o i11?-~I, h.-:i.!.'II!~~lIfKi!:ilI io~'" rnntthe co-<:1.o!'l~ Koru1aQlir_ Ji"l'rtnIro;.;l 'i" th .. L.:Jdy ere\\"" ... f Him.~¥:; "" Ko:coKiIIJ1~ i!t;,[ i..o. Im!o' I;!I!iA:~n. iiois r;.n'! .. ~ to.!::ID.. :x.:: ~1u:::.clh~p1"'" 011 K.om"lm.1i~~, ·n· ::f,.

rll-..' SkyL Calli:.,,:p, <G:og~ 'l11.),bu,)" fofJ7: SIocrur .. JI,I~ ~W1'I;II1!:: l:o!'~.lDt}i [~(lkonDo~, Iil' 6,). _

~ hellos;,. 1:1, JlI '0111.. /'l[ frmj 1liU.1I~. ~II~' ~~ "rll,e rdn~ iIm!,.,.c~;:o:no;.n.,. J.::-ll!Jitbt ~11"!1rr inOt;lll.i.ll::c'l \\lith thr io,fo[lI:Q1j~ "'fopJiOO.lq Ib!: [i!bt:"KI"'o'.d (d,'ibc ~il"'" a.id...I" III:!'!, ", ,)_ HClud:J.'i!::o'., ::; !!l~r "".lom.i:D~I<D:io [if 1m n .. r~.ni.\lll ~1IIi ilH,t Uili L:t ,""', ~~' ,..._ HJ! (eb. x::ot) ~ IJf I~ o!JlildrRJ 1*0:0 !.Go J;;:".o;o'''I~a;1irm r;:t pkor 00 his .~~ fl.lJdI 'I'i_o;:'Io[I~ ~llu.OO ro ~ throe; !l[I'1'~ .;",,t uJ.e l'.o;> !lI1"i111;;bl"'" ""holm E-,,:- 1"0;11.:: to 11;1 Int. oot lie ;..:],1, Ib.n Illt: ~'DlLr8tr diJ.oa.Ilhcorr '\'i''P' .111"Wi{ lIIi'irr;~ (pm'llruobl:r 'fI,mdDrl'I r!t) ""I,~.!bi! ~l;!" hndtaken (hI; '.....il. l,fi rlu: ~lIu .... ill.g ~ (.ih_ .XX~) I:':lclk'!' brjj:io'tII 000 Jl'C~L: ,,[ ~ chiJ.'dno:<"l 00r0 to Ih;- o;',.'l'(H!t1X oI,I'lo'>' k1i!: <~I",~. ihE; ~ .. u, He n:1'tf'! ~tI It.:: birtH <11 J(c,nslruJ.1i,foO q bm. II'"'' :'Il!..u'ptl}' ruJ:T1.' h. Miclml!:'l'] r;r o;o'l<"r.aiiozl .,..,iUlOIl.C :0")/ m~n~i'lIL cof ~hlJ o::l'illll b:om aJ,1;rn"'''..J..:., L~. LOC ..,1< 'H" ... ~ IT!~OO l1i ... ~,~U,lJiL1 h.e~~. l'~1J..M o=>,i[:l, .!Ini{ I\'rl"'''''iC~ 1.0 her ,,! :oil. l'lHl~ ~ ",w iIo ,illII ~ ~..r LJ,~ ,I:'w!hun miiol.} =IWl'PHI.;'" :oL.[l :5"ll1lp:-.-!r-o!l ~ 1:11" ~~ Ia.U ~11l! ',~7!! ."r:'~l'1' il ['JUJL r~1r ,,_J!! ~bl! married 'lKl,c'i she !...er.nd 1>;'<[ 0](' [Iv- r.:~r.:!~r..p.~!~ ..... ~ ~1l1L'l"'...-.I, ,.~. Lli t, LIY,i~. L,lI.~'1 !obi! Ii!; r~I ..... 1 -r""rJJn.". , , _ ..... l '!I'~ ni~(, (~~cml, (.5~rL (~iH., fl' r#\l I1-..LII10, ... nd i~ ¥I.u oll}1,;,' ~'.;J.T>J~I~"IJ",~~ dJ.e m~~d. tI.~~ 1K<.!'ii1l1l!ntL'l Lo..: L'hl: relIT·llci .i'l'OOdm) •

. Pel.w.s k;o:, elr., Ik...,. !!lot 11""~ ......... un bo...t ~:111. I'rr ~prr,oj ~I",',,'j'~' ........ idi L, ",,' .. "lWIIo'.: '" ""Ili; if

1ii!tc1l11> :k'LO'lI! 1t''''l~bir<'''''' ro.,/lIr.'J l4JUij11.il,. \'~L [oj is ~"!r 1t.:'IL be o:oo\; !,b:- ''''1 ns JU~lIl1~

"~il"ll'li"i .i1llit'ntl <rl' th .. ".Jf['iX~ '~<fi[,!'. em Lh~ (Ji!'1[r \1~"'~, rhe .,.,..;.ro ~~ .. , ... 1 < a oIiro;t "~'w:' IrI

~I:fMIiLiium i. Vo!r!o' I'1'IIlI! IP"'-':' ~i'!lIIplt::l driL d~liIlH' tMlTL i~ 1;\"1:11 [<"I"II L'I'o eoemwl"li ,,·"1 Ilot' 1~lId in L L""I il ..f..o\',.-j do .il:'I.qo..~o)Il [:Yi l'e~nltt.1K-o m9'l(lj, l)fl, II, .,n<l 5'1", ~mL '[lu"'lL",i,,-, .4.:,1,;. on ,\~" .... p.'tlv.inJ:~"i',,'J. ~~~ Ii I1l"-l" Ilil'lt' k~1I ~nn.'! mill''''' iu """~I'LIoIii-llfe,

J'\ li,ttl.c: later ZC£" tbEl.nh to tbe ,ctToru. Ibf ~Lo!':r half iDroLlt.e'r J\,"iLN!rhr..T;;t'I Diicog-~..e;. r.1~n.I]y rnIl;rrl~ ~hc oI!m"lI~rnr ~ ... ·Q1.!Il~r bl mh~ AJ.'lri;rllltv: KIMi~"'·M'" ~ ;"'dr,i",[1r.L:l whll WlI!1 CL'I;;a~~:J pt"J)~UMif&o.:: 3mL ;:rt"t~ ;yo ,Iru,t.u ~!ifi!ru ~E.r Jtt~ bed":rJT1(":.fL wdl-lol:llfl .... 111 IUIIL1"t.'ry i1.g1 .. lr,r:::., At tli"rto ~iLd tlf hho; lij~ hr:: rook the lillI[liLUiJ! ]ti!lI];t. ..... lth the. IL&MC: of .JIIl;L'I"I[1e; ae_1:! ;:Li~ I)ITI [~J\~iJ II Q~.t. T.ne: di1ltl:; rrF Z.,~ de.iLlh i!i ngl~, bid Lt. ~ ... ;tl CGd.(ljnl~' bdbL"o!! L 13~··

Dr MI;" ~fu'l)T~O:: too Ai:lri.,lJW5 Kmml.1::I1i)~t Zi:ie; ;:!I~~rn 'bl;Io 1n~"W: ~~ thr::

Il\'l)illler: uf~~'I[!a!t one dn'l.lll!:h~l'!r oM ILlIklllf'.l'l.'ffi 'r..11.me,'~

T1IICI:Idm;8 .... '<tS the ~td-OOm dausi~l.oI;r tiC Ktlmi[;tHt~nll~ X I ~ and E d kIi; mrt ~. r; .. ·l~ is heard Qf kr,ll". Ar~[' 1Di[ she was 8L~1l [1"1. '[l1l1;ft".i?(~L.I: ~,' Venetian d~~ ~(I'[fl(:["Jioo .1i.1'1lLt:. (HI70---.84} who 00 the ol)('r:;.;-rmDn 1i'1I.(:~l'd !t..e high It)=lIllL: dlgni(r ?f p~f!~roJ'~ 5b~ 'NU sci[ 311['/011 'W~.oC1l1. P~I las WL'(f~~ ~~ ~lJ1t .oJ her r.'1~r rn hL.::i hl~[Ory.l h" ts not knoviln ",1h~thlIT ~!1~ hnd EI!n

r.hildn:::lI. ' '!

:2:0. Zue (t. lo62-befure r 136)

Of th~ two ~mu-; or the C:i!..ocs!ll~' lo;tTmr:s f.J ill1l;1 Jtti~ "Wi.fc 1,:;'iror.l1e-, f'i.ntlro:l~i.ht; wid t]r,c elder' ;li~"'cl.L Sf" fl'h.c 1iI.OTC IJLJbil:a!lr.d~ll!-!. 1kt~D ~c~tir:lli: befo:re TO~a.~ he ~ ruUlJerl, ~r hi::s ~1"e[,'Ili.llL gii31rrdf3lther i\.odr-oniiliioo N,;.'; f"ie ~];Ire.iLn ItIJ have d~~'i3 JriTmJ'ieJf IiJolclWli'l/e-ly ro !'j '!11iLiili!l["'I c..1.T[![!T iIIcd in ._g~ OOUJiSe of 'lti::; Hr~ '~, PfL"rt i~L many c::rmpil.igns. [n tb~ WL~'L'CCi3 hie is oI)oOO;19ML:lLH'l" I:i..!Ilr:d a pr~roN--d~,,4bl!1t by ~nh. pd'ioo the d.~igl1~~Nm. 'firt:> L,mll":~r iaLp'I~l}rl ~~lic ~pcr,!:.:ibili tles i! QLiiHI~f'qUe'.illt~y it 'QHI~t be: iJiePi.m1ed i'I!- 3; highlr h..n[1CLi!lry tii:ki CDnf(;HCil !~];II1tI, i1!l ustcd re.lat~~ i.1f tlL'I: ir:llI~~ri.aL~mi1:;" In ;Ldcl.it~lLl i'i..mdwlloit.Ql5 3100 ("i1.rnr:ulbJ:: I!lqu.<rn:r im~ti:J[,Jl 00 u 30 t-o:Ii nl dlgr.;Lt-y· or~~ItJj"~

w~ ti.o. ,llO~ he<'ll!'"..,.r A.IU]ml~1J.oci~· i!!jo1:i ... i til:!!li prlar to IiJ'p.(n that ~ :hre.'~~,," lcWti.::d 1l:OIT'J11.'n[J:Li IV DjQ~~ne::; ~Il hi~ last d~trol~~ .::.lLlcF,laign in .r'\~11. 1<.4.Uwl'" and at M11.'n~~kert 'I:lhe OODLm!lLl1di cl' W r~1"" wr.rtpl:!riaL L~llits, ofI~ting of ~~il!

.57

Tll'Il or,..,l"I!.e m Rom:;Jnm W::!3 ~~w ~t. The fOml.(:r ~tJp!!!I'nr ~ullb.me.lf IIp 'Ill me. for.llce:;.-; flf J\,ja'n;JI, 'I/,mo5tC~ 1:I,e_IIIIl3iae an u,~lredi~"C at[~t:J:)p'lllm .... ,ill ·I)'!RC' h.iJ o:Ad rUL~' CriWin, 'N'c[hing rem;J."iMQ hilt hi:; imffl:i:.ll"Lli!r. m?,Ij;:: on[:.r lI<rl£r ;t !W!ol~rnlll pra[)li~ of p;Jj~om ,;t'n~1 ::(:lif.I~t:!i_. ,AtlXIl"i:lin~ ihJ r..oII!It act!Jlln~ Andr'il-niko~ wa.o; ~l'Mldrt~d hy a ::i11il~[!:: FIlL}' fj)'l~ his i:ldJ.::aloll ::Ld~'I~r.:'iiIry ilfid tro:md RmTJ;t,1l.'I]G in 8. tmlru1er uditting- hia former Itigh pmi~ion, 1-" OtL fb" ltm'l'll}\·~nTd jOut"l\ty oJ"[l~ l;iutlC t(t D1wnd the 'CI1.1'lt] ... ~; _~m~m.m'~1;t': ~~_l: to tJi:WIt r'&~ hi_,; \'Oii;l; on behalf tJ&1l1'll<11liW ~nd wrote. Uti l~i!.f:athcr- lh~ reul inst:i.p~t(lr ~nht .ra..tEI!;u.TC:-lcIr~liIg clall1¢TbtJ'; Hu: ~niIJ:ttt~~ if really e"i.'Cf' 'rnRdc:~ ~~ t,!ot!ILOred,1><i :::I'lld ::lI~' N~aiOi'"l !f1e i'"1".!1:JE.er e[ll~!!a« WSI~ mevcil~~)!" bU~~d 00 i8JW1'i:: [1lI72""n

HO'!i"-~""Er 91~CC5<,r~I' hL~ ~~I!:~L11~ \\\~lh RCInOlIIIl:11l. 'm:l],), j,~..,!:- b::c:III, Aruilror'lil::.oJ 1iI~~r ]tad :II. iI"~IL'Y inillOli!:.luial po.5iUo:ni in I!b;;; ~. Ht: OOOIm!1!J111l1~· ~IQ""~ hils ~tcr ~nd! itL th;;; fELIn. of 1073 (~n~ ~~'l: ~nl; clashes 'Witb ml-rel"bl)_l~~L:3) bt, II.'E.tItinln 'iAillIpoolIIry S'!:IG!~,::.ion with hlm i.n B~tbflili.:z;_I>!I Tner l;mth ~tl.!lrru:d to ~ !;o"lpJ[;t.L in c-hc- follmo.r.inij .-itl!cl. bLII[ UL [~~ LIk&:l~lilll::le [be J~(.1]t .uf ~ hR;d l»olren O~I,l :in Ar:.ia MLI~or, It '!IIM:5I!IggcsCcdtc th~~OT M·i(11:'l!~. 111fuJt A~dh"onl~ ~he!w.ld be sene ~111:1st ROllwil, a ~l\I!<J3I~1 wluch! be [urJ~ JiwoIu aEt the ::ul",ie(; of t\!ikephgri,17.>r.lo..lkt:rltwlJLy LooJJm;3 13 assumed the ON~r.il1i. (:(Imtl~al~d" EIIl'!G Andr.:,""Li~w, g~ill eontin1liing ii& ko;7;'o"A'~M.r.m rduJn.~J ~OtJ: p~ll1'l .i.u t:loc £~ooi,ti:(m. III tlH: decisive bntrle th;tt 'W.1,ll fllli,~M (»1 'Lhe ZomPOI.!! "'rid~ I;If SoiII1;[Ados h~ ~'l31!- in. clu~ of the !",ft, ...... jnlg of ~me irnperi;L1 I,;Ih:1l12l[l,;:.17 _"LtIUIIIWI.1- ):I).~ fbu!ljh'l bL':!'i'l.'ely. but hL~ ~tl~"t'a :I1.cd krQ~ Ib 1!II'1E1 tL}· , a.!ILd 11(: hi'JI1~1f .... ·ao:; 1/lfIJJJn.d!:d, H~dn,g tll'a[ biJ. fil[Mr 1 ... 1(1. bl!:f!l~ ~aJ.oo.Jl puisonee, Iw. rushed fun'lw,d to rescue bi~n_ In !iiploo of ti1i~ wOIJml~J UI~ ll.'()V-eb<I!t;~ OIlI'1tl wLlh ~"woLd iD hn.n4c ~~ ~c~E.d! .LIJ. f:UUil'lg P.I W:L'1{ 'l]~rougft t~ o!!IJI!nr:l:r' lLI}{;;!I. iki II ing .o;1~..-.e.ml Q~ bis iilo'p,POI~!3tIit;s., But '~&1o::: :~t~~IL]l[, was ~rrd lLi!:o ]XIwcr, U~ !'I!a.t.:hed. the spot where the C::iI~EI1r ~ bJild, but WTJ'I)lmd!td '9.'00 fio!!oo!:lr amu:]·l.(;(I. he onl:r eseaped rile?i~ thitrlu~L hi:3. fE!.ther'l'i- ~1l!EI ... \iitl~k<n nt UW J::'I!-t fI'IGrl1l1.e.llL COluequeliltly ~I!:! !!:Iu ..... iL:3 mpmred.'~

'I'hc t\"'I:I pn"l;Iner.:: i:1~o:rod 'i:.mw:tabLe l;."1pti.vj[y in R~u~'~ bn~.ru. ."ill;;l, ''''':e["o!!: movOO_ 1).') 1"Ioj~L'!lni.a.. all !!!o::rntlil[, of 114 IruoIl.ILds .... %no:ht:!l~ikQ.!i QIlJl~IAOOJ~ detesterlLbl!d d;;::::Flj~e: ~h!:: !IIqrre[:l~ll ll'li HGe1..-.ed f'l'OII1 tke FL~". Allier lOOoru-~dembl~o!! I!ffim~ i1ill Cacsru: pc!:l'iw~doo Roo~d to 1il!o:Jl> .... ]U~I~ iD ~.wd eo C';ow;t~.ntLl~f" lLlll>l"dCl!" fh,1,t he mlgll.t r~Lve p1o[l1!l" l1Iledi;:;::2lL [~,1n'1~L l~e'Te. '~'111!! L~b-t:1 (O!1<~teC ~DUY [J1iI, D»u.3~tJ.oii.Jl tbat [h1~ ~.!! (If'" }\nd.ronil:m 3~~ld, be ~rc'~ b~· 'll~ rr,[!1l.b: :1::: hostagea, Affb~- Ti::;il~hing the ,oopi,t::d ~Ie ~·."rOO l;llt he oDly f!l"ijoYl!d good. ~lth lor >L brt-t[ p;::ririd_ He ~Ill f-cll ~II, 'L1tlb time ..... 1~1t dro~:;, ~L'lLd. 'l.lw ~l.olJi:;1i!1r.:: 1.I1'ere ~lnaM1: to :;'1.VE him. 10;. JtlldmI1LJ:.QS e:rt'Ihtaootl tll.e tl:taJl~l;Itl~ Me VliJ.h the name (If An.tc.ni.:l!:: &l1'd rli"d 0014, OC.(i:)ber [(l7I'~~

Kiln"'!!! 5t~ 0:1' ,..H:II: 11)00 U &Jr. S II A~H I;'""

1"he ~~ m Androo.il;;lJ!! nL1lL!.;= ~~ II,._kl?'d J",'Lth ~ht: r.o.QIIlled pr.q~~n er KL..-...~_ ..... i im...-.rt>oTU r:1.::>.::"1I=nL~ t",,. d"" undc 1~[,.",o.lIlLg or ml1,.~ ;l"jdm.illi.s~ .

•• ......_ .-"~. 'l!t.. "1""'" illl~

~::L of feudal jOlno m .. "1.na1<emt'ml~ 111 ,.~~tm!~I, m~ rIDp;:-:r1L!! 9.~t l;qf.!; tht

~Ftbru.l~ ~ ntJ,~ I thru L< ;tfl~J" 1 he dr::fc..··H ~Rnm"lI;II:I!I\~:r allY ~I!ci~l':-':<lill" ~ bdiind thi,.; ~~mLl~ gt"mt by ~~I~ emperor, It un.",.y Po.=lbLy be ;;In eN£1~1 a{ m(: LmJ)(1i.,l f.1.V(I~1 r ~I~ ,..,·ti~r.H"I~tJl1, ~t ('jtl:" !)8lrtll,ing of the r:1~.n it ""1Ji...~ .W-'lf th~ th;:st :\ml.mmk- ....... "UI [!~I'1'red ' .... ith L~I"I~ '[(:"~=-d. ai't>cr his rC'lllill ~j"J

(~'>taI1~n:II;;rh"- , , • " .

Lile h~ t"::!iher, .. ..!.,I1i!l~I1I::["i.< 'L~ on UIItm:J9i~;(; ~rrn:; ~Y1th PseUr,L5. 'Tho.:ilC (!k~i..s a letter or the schnlar add:rr=P.d ~r;I him., wbicl1J L:a. jl.~ f;~l;."t an ~haf~~~al' PiLJ~[(jj b;, hil:; &r.;[ ~i1ar'i ~u~~ ewer Rmlmno:a (spnng w~) .. !~ 11"" ~. ;;!I~ ~Yj [0 lli3..'ld:: fiJJ.oc.JJ p;1rt iJ~ th~ c..'~;1!r's hlll:lilitg ~p~hio!l~; ~~ ~ ~:.nJ ddilllil~l;i arrribueahle [6 _-\.irrdUOJlillrn has been preserved t~;tnng [ho(;. lrux:r11lIl01:l.: eil"a'r~ ~Il.~, ·~lrupolli'«t' 7If.".JJr~, rq..W"'fI'lI~~'¥ ~ t"'JL~~ '1'c,~ 0!'1(~.\@ ~~;

'.AfiL~:ys ...... ~ .::!IOL-"loo .. I! ._

\"I'li:ll bd9re 1006 .I\.JDt3~t!IJi.k(1~ married ~[;.!ti:;L, ::1, JSld}' .Q[ Fh IJga~~al'l ot"igin \'io"OO 'WlL:. ;:s [b.lJgh~~ of prince Tro;~;11"1. tIolJd c:llaililli..'I:l ~~I!i!i!try fr.i;lrn bns: Jb!'TirLJeI (00#IQU .. z, 1f;!!ri~, rrcqu.::nuy 1;2111«1 by ]Il~f" tLlJlh;Ll1d "s ~ltlc 01.~ fJIIJ~~ri.oJ;z' WEi.! iI, ror~w. ....-r.Jm.:L11 ,."na (:ID!.~1 ~e inlLu~I~~ in th~ C:Olllri:. oft\.lexj!.l~ I KD:IiI.llleJl!M, S:h~ rebuih ihe .::hllHh of Lbe Cilcrra. '[);IOI;l&Slo!!ryJI a.l1di '!.Iia~ QJl cJO!oil: ~~1"l1Il:l 'With 1tH! hml)11< ~ist ~·.Ij~h~'m!IWs Z~bct:l.Qi.~ll Priot" to her death, J'J.ihri<l. mill; ~~ \'cil ;md: rhe Dl6J1a.!-tll; [1am::II:: nf Xene ~ she d led on :2":[ N!1!l"I!ClllJber t:tf uim UlkklltflNJ1 ye3r du.ring rhe nil;!n of A.!1:.x.ius..JtI

r:; hi.:. m;:tniagE tn Mari~, A[1doo:n~ DO!JJ:a~ b~!!I'D.e th f;L[&!~r (if .lh~ chrlrlnfl: Mil;.h~d ,~4, ] o.anElf!. ·~3, E.Jfe:.LC ~.:i: Ani!l;l! ~/' and "TIJ..i::flfLt.r.i. d. TIM flrn: three we:n; born hP-1iJ.ri': ~c.b~.l' It is inkNl~Li.1l1! to llIOt;;: dl.!at tiTle 1'Jf11M" 'Aml:rr..ni~', SQ CClI"DtmQl) 8rf.1f1ng the r .. miii'CS ~f KOI!Il'D~ll(l!"iJ Pal::;!icll:r&m,

~ T':;'" oJ:'.I;:J.;".Tdt '..r,.,~~.orur<'~ "A'~q'ii.S"Lo =Li .:I.-:!k.I.."!'"II;; j~ Til-',j~ o'iil ~ ~ a;ri"j!oJ'I'I ~., ".. ........ ..:.;,[0\ ~ M M. Vi p .. a.~ {-PC, !"l"1~ «II, I:I~OJ.

'itO t-;!3'J' MiT LN 03 I][) U Kfl. S (PI

.n -thil.rl_l \ ... rh;~te~·I!J.· lnlbr.m;.!tjOll flll Kens La.1l Ij 1:100 , li.f~ j~ TCCDoom by w SlIurr~ is .al:rrull.:lt. m]w:1,Y:-; "n';~d1ahly ~mc(,bl:d WJth his high pooi tir.:t:ll il." an imperial pru~(~ :.!!i._d mere :5pt!I;::If.II:",ilir Wlith. the; p;rulOl1ged illlJugfl lI.a.ioll i!:1T'.I91':; ~(t %:f~1! .. "11"d" j,lt. he-;r~~uaJ'y Ti,ghj~ to ~he throne,

At '" ~rr rl:31r~:r' ~c Kan:aa:a~~tirlr:"los rl'oOCL"'K:d tbi!'! ir.nperi.a.l, il1."i~ia. that i~ hI:: ~ des'iSllll!u:d as. h!!lr a.ppar02nt..II Tilms at ;II. dLIliIl:;Jjl)t pcri{Klin t\lJgwt ~OH- ~ 1J.".,.rlpra'il!'l] E;:tCil,l)f.t~LI~)I:IU !'!&'~~~"1.'IJQ1iIr~d te 3.P['lI.'5l~ the l\rurJl'1O'.1\1Ui b::: ph)pmi.ng' t/TII! betrothal Qf tlu; mfan:~ !Q ~e of ,~aN.rl O!JII::;c3t'd'~ d::1~,ghtm..! TIu.l ""au:; ::!ig~cd upon. Th~g;d carne 1'0 Coru[;U1.t~I~l,,'Ip!~:;11td bccant~ t-:I'(OI¥11 [0 the GI"M as T-Trilr.;:n4:. Until i:v3:iclliLd'5 I4 bU hl 1 018 ~h1c \viI~ r~gal.th:d ;L,I the rutilL"t: 'W,ife. of :;I; fllllJt~ I:!:TIIlIIXr-QrJ TtK: dii::a.!.JJJuti-c!lI. ~':(r I'b;: betrothal ~Mr RWL'1JWill:ta.' a~!.nn and t!1,C. C:~I~fLllrtruetl,t ;ci Hd~l~1! lI"~ ;~ r..(I!1vcnil: 5(;[1,100 as tl~l! [;I.,~~;:;xrt fQ[' G L1i::.tlllrd'!-;

ai1:",d .. on By- .. mnlLmU.9 '

fu ~ li1(1,t~rrn] I;;IWI1~ql)l:r:J~ of }r.tHdLiOC.L'!l ltf fall. [h;:: ~1:iUl1g ~me, despite Eli>; lU.ather·~ 5100IJM :m\rljrri_'~ ~o the 0(;1,'" Nh1~ro:L' B{I~.8~ICi~!~, ~I:;]d tOI"(;OOUJ1Cf" an his rights and P'P!::fOgativr:.:i_l Thia g,a~ r,~ La eertain l['Ji~~?ih":meni;S found in IWJI-GI'~k seueces to the d[r!(lL ~hu Botaueiaees h.wl ~Oll~I;;Lll~m.Q~ G~tr3ted.~ TILt:. r;:[)nf!L~ M811"ia. made p;:;:L"ji:3i:(:I~t foLt~tr[)lljg ~fI iw.l'l!! leur snn ~p,l;rIgn~~d .. 1:; ~Itc I;;L'IIIIfl11 I 1("': L I', I» huJi. sru: .l1.iJM j~~Iil::(!: llbl: ~ and cl~iitlll!!l.S Bl1l;LI:1I9iLLI~ 1l1p,.,lIf ~1~I;ld~~d, ~~ ~I~pp~rt tho!! ~:am!W;Jlu[\l: [\f:lllLOtbl;J' uf~lis n:illll[ivt:.:l_u

lill ~p1~ of t';~lilJnr dud 11~ r~1;I! fint, '~lLl1'i tid' Ak: • ...if!J I':! L~iBft .:!I~'i!l or M<lrua"~ 1i~ lnAruenre at tll.LI.l tim~ 'l"hl!;! rig.l~t.I d KoIfL!I2I!lJLi~ 'I!.·tf~ fDrl3IHy qLJaYLttL

lII!UI;I!oZi;!Ui CI F 'THE ])("J U K .... s fj' JI. ""-r L \-

~M!k'tIlD I!Joubt thillll tN! infi!l'ilU::~' Qf the cm~!:rO' \o,t]J!:h 1If1ll .. in. ~egsrdl .'

_!lUi'll!.. ~ WxdY ~rW:h1~ for ~.Le prorni»l'~ ~mtl the. la'lli,!;I; h~I1~II'''~ Lts 1II,cll::llallOl ~ Plum Lli!;;; l'ulbI;;[ he 1'r.:I..!:O ~1'I[1,goo :ilL the h!1'pl!rl~lJ palao:: 'bI! l!:ll ..mh tlK ~~OL.I ~ and an the .1rl ... iL':e ~ la::'lIlo~IIf'''<; l~, Ma~lII, il'l.f~lle:ro .r,~~~f - issue :ill dJ~11J .'lml ~1J1~!wu~>' confirm [jill! S.~C:.lrJ 1 l'1i1'lvll~~ '""'rIl ~

.,...-- .~ C: I: 1 ___, -. ~.- ~rl ,II

K,.mstantino:;, .......... 1~l"{pm~'Iu~: ror [I,~~'" ~'e.n~ ~I; 'Ict~, ;,i!'j J!!J.llla~ ~~rnperor. Hi!:

e1_~U1N: used ro appear in ;;;[aoo d~ILments., ami OlJ pUbhe 00J',:I"':"_ I

~- - _n:. - ~ 'k~ L I • ~-"""I5. Ii!

at;cl)nqnll~ the .::J:Il pX:(oOl , JIll ;'1.11 tl'lm;mm, rll1J!l,grl Pll['(::r nornlt'li!lJ qL~t. I

1"he dim;]!:.: o!;.UTiI~ i.Ii &: ..... [b~ .1 rbl!T the birtb 00' Ale1Jo~ 1\ dd~,;t cMiW Alllll..' 'Ji. l

~Il' ' . l J'a~

(born {In :I: lkcemh!:r ~\tt;OJJ when Ki:lI!'L'3[I:m~llWO~ W2IS ~~TOth~d '[IJ m!:!r. ~n«:: ~

clriIdrm ..... rere LooJ,;od upon as the ru'lun~ nulcl1lj .atul 1'!J'!:'Jt' J1;~mt!I; ~~ i.1«:11,d~ ill aedamauous.t+Ir is h~l't1. to ~L"ll hev ... siaeerc theseacts ~ i\Ji.'!:<io:;: '!!;,'(:1'Ci for 00 a t=:tt"..I! extent (h~ \\'!;:~ dee ~G poLiti.o::3i1 o:m!lOid~r'lIiiCtJ~ HoweV"l:lL' G-ril!': C''''1ill~[ 3i.mpL~ di~i$J; them ;!,!i hypocritical 01.'" e .. ·tm pro'l,liii~~I1!::!l. S~lK.IltJd tMe ~m.J!~tw have foUloo to tm....-e lit 1'IIJ.aic- heir, U11;': l;tr.~r'CI:th9lJ a.fAnn ... 101 to KQm:talltill.ol)!. I"'IlLild h;w'c -offi:>rm an idr:'lII150Eu'i:imt.

it i.:5 gc::D!!:I'3.lL~' a~UH1~ that the b[rth ~lr ]Qil:lmCS Kfnnru:::ru:r.; jll'l 108';1' 1/,I'.LOj tlll~ f'C25OO .... ·h:!o· Ktlrl!l;t:anl~I'IO::; 'I;~as Jr.::p.t:i ... t:d of hia J·j~,+IIL'i. 'I'hie ~l~11iIdiil r~l1n .. ~ euougn, bu L j~, fact ITD1Ia.LIU that no aourcc supports ;!JLIe'il ~n hypl)fb~~, Oil the OOltL=rf: the DnI~ au LhlJl who touches on ~-h.:: que;tinn ~rnJ~l~es tluu ~J[}!! bctI otho:!11;lllEy i:nde-rl "",ith -'om:a[antimlol';· death, 15 Ah",;"Yli Sffi!JJti",(: to .a1~:n~i.JIa:

OOJllmr.lII!d widt h~ -Ll1Iliort1JIl~:tr:' fiMl . .;:~, &1l1Ia, 1 fJ( hlin~ that ~b~ W.il.3 tau ,{oImeto J'Em{':lJ}b~ du:: h.;mQU(:5. 'Whirll ~h-ey Imt'h ~'OO_I~ App,ueilltl,y 'i:hi:; \Y3.i al~~' II, thUiS ef I""-e- past h!i)' 6 JIlL1J11li.L)·1 t.t&J;1 d~~ d~ Ibr a ~ll~cli of TIN:Oo pb}'hl!O! of B~']_g;I.ri9l..r1 Olll~' llrye..i~1 I [los give;. a n::;~ro:n for Al:a:jlJ~' d~(r:.ioo. ~ing l!:I him. this d.;priwtkm w.~~ due [~ a gra;l,l'!:' di:5r;:~ !h~~ bd'~lL [ILE pal'J'lh~TII8trubl$. Qhll!. :pr>C."'i~,miIIB· hi~ ruilurf: ele v. tIl~101l1 to [J~I: rhrone, -rIlE d~ 'W~ n.al~rc j, not ~ed ~~i!tl.J::.1L1 I~ to the rtl~~l1g man's dea.tlL~1 Ntiw, 'the: derneiien ce:rta.lnlJr OCe>llrred b.::oon;. ~ oSa. ",mt Konfit9lmjrull. did nnt dii:: l,mb • .'Inc- t.~'i:: It i~ tm[lL;fqre aOU:II;:wh5lt lJIII ikety [hat a 'gl:'~~I.'I!:" iUn~ ;lJ. .Br,·~njas cl~i bes i~ IXIUJtL have ~~n nUII~ than six )I"I~n; eo 'CtIIH)' d the. porphyrot,;01.'I~. He ..... ~r it i~ ~iM~, [!I~~t Koruli.;mti'J1lJ"5 ]001:' hia privi!~,s btc:.:.1I'1lC- of !J:Ime mLIlr..r dl~~ ..... ~~io:.:h dl"" !l;1'!:'Yer l!'r.npl)J'Jl]T wara qUL-c&. [0 .il!.

lInnll'-.rli::'lt.::iv 'I.rl.t!~ ]03JII'~' I.~ birth, BI,}'I!!1ni05 is frequ!':l\tl'lo' ir..~ 00 K..mt,.[8:rlllU}(lI;, '~lld J~~ could [M1Tpood" ~I:r I;InwillilWr l\8.'I,Ie I illhrl II, ~iblc: ~..Irly di,...;a:; .. m [08] "",,·i1-h l'ht:; :r.1I~l"j1 OD':: 30-1l11: »:0;: ye..1f5.l!i.l:er,

ll~lt even i r mhi!-; ~L'II! ~IJ~ KIJI!I~t.J.mii~6.l 0iIe'I111luOO to reoeive Utl~ :lhvoUf LlP ~r} thI:: eiul, lIIwi Ak:-.:i.w is n:::flU!'Cd ~O I~a."'t a:mtilluOO LIJ ~1~{'jW t:.1th~rl~' .aileC,.o. ti"~l"[;! W]~~l the: OO1p~r-l)[' .§II:Q,ppc:tl at s.r.L·~ 01'1, ]~i.s 'IiI1;l!f-l:h ag.aitlJ.t tb~ ~rb;;; C'ally iu ItIM, Koru;t;1.n~-in!lJG i-rwitod ::'00 ~~L~I'I:iiliIlOO llirt:l, ~11 hi", own ~~CJL.;j~'4! and f1l-l:~IJ~'qltC ~t:L~ rI~;rr~r ;:-~,n~d Pen.Ilr:.~'li~~!< FQC' the f~"!>l !11ru'! lIe,I"1lli ilHl:Ilu.. il1g ic P';:!!B'~II:.IFN!I~ ~It l:L_lfilhl<Ll-y ;:-~lmp-~lgn. Du[ til!:!: m·;lCt1~J'llma!.B_,:!oJE;)LIOO (IDI"P'IpNy ~C'l!IS!:t;I hiJl~.JI For btl patt l~ :tElnli!lm~d I")I<I} to J'!.J~:<I!:lS ,;1.TIQ refused to klld hL3 E)Q(I~ i.-t:o the n:bcl. Nil«:p'ht)ra~ Dj~nl!llJll i.T'II !lpi~e ~ his ,tlto'tlLo!:r'.'j. 'nifpL'~{iO<JL Lill the: plat,:L..'I ThIN!. he' is h-f-o.rn of:lID b'ti"I~ amd ~ II'Il.J!.t have di~ !&!tlt"tlr rulttlL-W.a rd!i.

~ At the "11:gv.~!ir,iI' IJf M~£i2l, T~~ltylllJktoo H~IKli!~Cr.:: ~r...bI! (! I~~IJ~~ n~ ll~L {kwLllW<i:l upa~ ~ =pfJ~1! r~oi.LIl!IHou""'F,LW {Iomtutl-O Kg.Ia}"~~ :rh~ 'Work O!I,l!tl!!t3 :lit pfll:pa~illl!!l tht1 'yt:H!Il!S: pmlo!! fer 'll1A! l~'g-b r,.liire_!-.~ ~~'~ ,'~1JII1~

no!! i't OO-IUait'l.J:l ILtde personal infbnuatian, It ~ alltlool. III ~l.elllt'" ovl!.r hll!l ~L1.ht:L·- trut it conmins <l1oo:r:..g ::tIlc.iiorl'in prttire of M,.1ri!'r!. lilt adtI[tiOIllI ule ei:Lil.d is. ~p~:rncnkd (or h~ be.',lII~Y "n-d hR_,; i'l1lbP.lltW<£~ ;l!I; w~1 ,Ill .h.~!. ;ti;iilhy 1!11 rr.!;tT'llly

sports such !'!I!; hl',nii~Lfo 1~ll'1al1!Shi~~ asul [be: 1:>l¥W,,'z1 .. .

"l~ p;rrtr.:lnm; tlf KDH~la;I~!!iII:'I!:Ij: &L!.l-:..a!. 1L8.!- been preserved m die r-toly CI'(I-I"'lI .nf HUl'lffoJry whioth daees [1.'Oro e. J 07V~

1t~M:!lnut!i; OF THE DOt.' RA:'; l· ..... )..1 II Y

•• ~.~ As. a child, 1'-flchacl, ro~tht"L' wi1 h his bmthL:T", ·ill'.Ul ~fllJ.r.b1 II.='~-.",,,,,~ Jr~ ~~. 10150) ~~ }1[.)S;~;t~ ~11 Ilh .. t hiE! nu!w..:r A l,dL~>"I1IiJ.:",,,, wl:m (]~ '-;':"""''r.,. ill oould be allowed to gn ttl' ('..nn::;tnon rhiople .r~~r I1n~pEr ntOOi..r.'&..l ~.il! ...... -~ L_.· • d - ~~ '. U.e,II_ !DoD. ~ ~k h~d IlK: two """"1'"S ernpnsnne ~n a I!IJr~!i; 1.11 BI"~II}'rliil. Thl!!'e

NiclI.cI'!I: ami Joomlod.' 25 slave attendants W'::'LC ~IJ~II! m ''I!.'ll~ni~lg 'i!~ i loW ~t \1,~th 1:h[Jruu~h kno ..... !edgc: or she wmw Ild~,~ 1;i]o1.lmtry~i.ck [1:1 hel die OO)~ l!SC3:pe to ~iclt~llw.cliil_ l1~or ciho~ a ~YLOljn less mght ffl~. tl1~f "'t~l:tl1~~ but ;dtbou!:,:h W pt.1.'J7j h"d. 1~[l ~:JlL ... ..fulI, 'WOT"kcd out, ~l~ly M1.ch~~1 'I,',I}~I~ I-t~ .a.tteJ1rbnt, l.h~ eunuch [..eon.t'iLki~, "...",~ ]~I1;"y enough 'I;U $hp On~ af!lJ.i: i'.nrlcr!.:li.'!tCm, afic::r a ""',bole :night's. arduous wDoLt he W.!l3 IJ.ro.l1~~~ ;Saf~ly to )fiO;JmI:ld.i;J; .and ciumcJ:: llmloLtbll!dly [a Corutrul~nopl!!.. iu: .a y~mn.g man, MIc.II"lG.IJ~ mtI!tionl;l;l 3~in. In t1~E: p.t'=IC"tl!; of [flo!::. blK~L1 i!lileiillml!lli~1 m.3.:1:r.i~[;!:: ~ [til!!! rI~ cre.u~ ~pl:.ror NJkf!.phul'U'l HI &1.aI1(';1.a.~j;o.: I", I:JI~ 1!X-e'mpI"4!lI.'§ ~1·lLl:.lilI he pb~-edi :ill dc:1k.ilt>1:. p3r~_ :PO]~·.iiL.g dl'l;! C;!Iil'iiLl:'~ ~1"J::;tnL'l::daru.. he prmnptl~'p1Qdl!lom l!. pri-est ."1t 111~ ri.ght time W bl~ [M iTTegllllllL" '::e:N:ffir::.J~y_.I, T'hrec )i~n '1:lI~;:r., hi: accompanted hll. grnl1.dl7ltlm- at the crucial OOJ~fl!J1:";I'I~;1; i"I.t .scl1j~.L jn 1l11'll.~il:l wttkn the ca.m:'iidaULTe of Ak::1:i.oo K.oml;){:m:~; 1~~ ;!I~ emperor W-..L~ noally tigttcl upon.l

.-\:5 :J. man ~kGt to the palace 6~~Jl by ~1.'1,ti.OTlShip and by IKlI,T1'i:i[l;ruib~p, li4.iclliLd. not 00.1::-- reecivcd varinus !LmbI)lllf.::; but sJ!.O ~cti'!f(;~)' p;~rtidpati::d ill ~e:\'1i.r.11 mililiB,ry {:flgag~~[I1.!;.6 H~ l~W tfl~ d ... il diB;B~Lr (If ,~.ml'w,~ ~1MiI In:)Jm :lit l~t l 083 oo\\rar~ he fLn~L ~h~ i rnportant rank or prolwbillJ,[lr.t; In the warr.l:re hetw~en ~ .mB.~~Jt;g N'Oml.la.ll1.~ fed by &h"::'n1J.lml 3i1'ijd ~e ~yz:allltiJ!rt;'i JII1. TllWaLy jl1

, lSI ~. 'ofJr~ Michw is dt5ull1l;od. ;u: bG'in1J Sl:ill n. e!.dl,J (;r.DI'.>"', ik"yt!n~ pJ!'- 7~ :IT.). 1>l.1~ j" !!J?f: b.e ];o,~ 2:lr~~ " ~'(I"ur..g IEL1.JI (~-;j Brl'£:III .• p. lSl'l). W'JII;;.I1 ~~k.!; l"iII)[.¢ ~:"" CIKWj)ll fm It.!:! ~ 1:i;:.r'1!: ~ni~ll. Lm~.I66) •. t;.[icl1~r~ W'oI!' !tiU:m .ilil'rn ... ~ (if.-trJ*" Mi'lHoS', I, p, In(I, MIM' l!oIl"I::"';I~u!milll::li 00 I(j~n'1!:J. I.J'III'I; !11t'; birth 00 ~ ~I'f.lfIM..Il1 (1j,IIIiILu, lH.tt. \", pp. Stlj'"'D) ;;.uul:I rd"a t;;. :o;,liclm~l: (d"; [O:!IUI~ I,l. ", 'I.~). TJ1~ :r1l"l[(j~ t!t l!i.m: is ~rerum.::L'bLF i:h::J! DJ bb! 1["[:n]IB~I K"n.,I'.J..nUn~ .X'i Px<:ldaci.sozan ""llIlI 'Io\=:IIl 111m !:nl~ tr~oo,;u oo.-em.pemr '1'~1JM., n. 1I'r 11(.8/. h ii111-..o-rcl"~~ ~,;,16: 00 S1tJlptr-.r Ib~t his bE.ll, ooil1rill.OO. ~.PJII:o:..:rn~fd~ .... i1b Mitb..ul VII' • .:r1llH~""l1 but neiehe .... r IliI:H: !!'o\~111:Il CiILI be .h1od. .~e "ff ..... M; bunl ,., r~ nred in ~1iorJ UI ~~","h",,1 mt IMkI: :IIJ1l1t~It;.ti b!-' mc.ill'ir.I'ln:,..;h.!r ID!1E"I~ ~~. "\'lidULd ';0; ~!r1:h iI.~ I~ mlln P::"l'itn.lJ.ly to bmt: Ill'"CI!11 till! f~rb' !i!oldc._

, 1I1)'m. .• f,il. ~:;---&...

• IIry~ .. J'fI", I ~Ij..-.;J: d. 1l,. ~b., ·NiotE!h~ .I U ikll;.IIlil!b~i.:~ (I ~,.[).;I') eL M~rie d·AJ~":~., ..... ~j.A:! l~.rh G-,~I f.'l.'m.:.:lr.....,.o:.! ~El:di.r oll)~i"""-'I I (~ !~). e:oJl'!!dn~l~ iii. I H-

tilni::-.r, .1, t~ ~-

L ,Jj,~1".h!O 1&1.11 .... ~. r. I). J'l'!':, 1fJ<""'L:.i DC ~ ,"fTlnln ~1:th;tJ;:I, II.lInJ:rd ~ Wcl:ln:.,;~ ~g;.»; 1'8 II ..... J.!:~~I ":J!" I~[ff ~I':n~~ ~. '(f T"", ~. The LlfLll\lr ~r.p . .I nt.-.:I). rJl.~~eo:ill~ '"!h o;.:h_ ~_J, [~p bJ;u~ 1'i.g'r.1loon~I., b)'T~"1 illl: l..e il...:~[h~I)t~!' f1~~' , , MlTllvtN ~ a N_ y,..,,, r.J'W .• ~ I ~. !II!!., n, J. ftlrllur,\!I I"'n wjL!, Miidmd ,11u~. Thil..is ll100t ~h& v J.=' ~r F, J.l'o'.Jtr.rr .~ t:: .... Ji~rlIO:I d"". Chl'l:.LI.>l;I!LIrrt 1:1 ~,,,,', ... rdi,l,JW Ud:IJJ.~tiC~w:,r, [' (~gt:![I), !KI ( ~,}(;/o • .o;I>,~ ~~lli I'.:ltl'iI, l!:t.':fi. 'f1; ~t,.). 1A.j1 '!hil I"::..'II"HI[ be • .:.. ~, JJt: Jr!lnslJ if" her ~put.olILlm·J It..t:. .. ~...., r.:{"'~.1( ~I Q.:ru:iry J ./J)'iiMto'. fl. II:\, ....... wi~ll.~it1,II'l ....." .... ~,I :,w,tilk..L ~. iru.d .. ~ .... l.dT d~ "I .... d i'L'~ldl,,1'"1 with Mirhtr] ~'I"..!l~riO:>. ,..-jIg 1h~."III-:: Illt" ~11JI"I'h:mfL tI( I"In Llb.l.:fY.riMll .b::.!~I".f ,,( .M."lf., J '. '~I M.oIIri~ " • .Ii\i ~jilt ""' .. I T",wl1.ilel. lk,l., M~rl1:!.d 1.11'!l..lka. ,lIInd

iI'rlid.ur "'TV ~I;vv " iI'~l1~ in rl ... l~n<A Illl;!o'"fl. (h~ Inll~r', 11II1A[" al1l":-'= WI d,~ iK!rm;

1 .. .r, rri'1~or;M .. ~J.I..\r y...& ,1f,~ ~'\, 1'(. IlIq 1"J;l1. ~ .... C

, rl.JJ.I_ I " ~ r~ .

.... ~~ .... II JI r.,... ~ •. 'J:' ~,yJ J~: 1"" .~1""..M. It'i'~(; ~'Ill l(ojl~n: 1"::1I11Jlrojol, I.WiI;I)wn!nJ 5-~od"i Jy. j ~~ •• f. K. {~IJ IInI"Jo'J, .. ..Imj ... d. 1.1 JI~~u • r rl (II: l'UI.:''''"',IlI·''rlhi~ 11}' ..... IJ(i"~: I:.t! l"rul,(l'ln'~UI". MfJJ. 7 hm~. Ir~).

M1i:V!! I!!:R3 OF TH E; :DOU);: ... ~ F JJ. til Il.V

AlI:lI1ng the R~7.i1.1iIE~I1~ luiJiLilX1 _t:IlH'IUl,;;lTldol;:("'", Q.r the Lat~ e:lf;!~··~iIltJ, >l:l=fltwry (b:! Il.3.lDI: of I~jlnn~ D(lCl'kas ot;I!'1Jop:~ :m O~II:O:1"ndting p-b!:ll,!', both b:y virllJt ",r U:-=: [L3.[1.ll"I: of ~b rnissinns be! ~1Jp"rvi!£!!;d &I."_~ by the brIl~ial1t~u~~ l\e al::b~. Hi: '"<1-'1; "th'P. ~1lI:l.b.t.nL lO:loU [If And rmill ~ er and M>lTIID: t11~ I1uliiIBri:!lo. Th.o!: yeJlr of hi-: hirtle shnuld liu pl:ll;!!;il il1. .about 1 OIl4:, I 'L'ndi the jJlt.a.I~~ Wl!.s calJi!J;l .ilfb~.r 1115: F[1df:!tb~r file ~e-;a·r. Ail: £he El!ge of 3:00uJi; b~ he ..... i~ iwLlldc:d O-W!:r ~Ilo thl! rebel Jl:.au_L in I!.;'l:cl .... n~~ r(rr &1is fatJiI~r, bLit'lmHI.:.:: MidL.1,d ~1 ~ ... bQ !~ ~I!d. ;[1, fl:lre:il'B' hi.o.; ~.:lI;:;IP'l~ loofl'lJe::i \'¥llI!:i UJ1[u(;,ky and M.d. to r!::l!IL1ili. '1lrul~r gtJa,rd.,I pre;;uHla'bLy up !J;I t'hp,.: rlrne of l:lGu:.s~t'!l fkf~,t nnd captlJr~ b:." t~.:: TllT~S, Beill!'j; IEfL ::!IlL ~~LD.IIL OI!I. 3n .r:ady EI.,g-l:', Icannes ..... ::..'; .:::ftr!.:d OCtL' and bro'ILght U:[,i ii)" tu.. fo:o'::LlLdlinBli2r ''NiiJu wltoO:m M was Bt3:yill~ in d~e IB~:ti:ll'.5 ~~1lltG. 'TO!, Afl:,lrl)OOUlLdou ilL Tb~1! jn I ~ I ,. It wa;.s. L~ 1.,.11>11 rushed 1'0 (be c;'(t;5:31r "Yitlil !:hI!' ~~td. tI~ ~ u[ ll~~ KOI1l[1;::nL;m oo .. \U'[t ;~rirnt not:ll~~ta!~, mndL b ~hC' olIl~ mBJII'~ ~tJ:1 L i:Lltd di"'~ldd;,J !Suwi!qLI;;::ntly he we;l~t """i~ .. h tbe Ca~r (0 till! rn~eoDg II.[ ScbiZlL, ~ but it is W1JillreLy filtat. h~ Wi:I<& 'Old oCiL6ugJl ~o comrlbllL~ 1>:) 1ti~ de>;i5~ taken [b~re..

JLlTer .!.)yrracJlicm. 'iIo';!;s, nP,l;oo,li::rro flll;ItI'I ~~ J'\"OE'.ru~IL'" ~[1 !'~s.~ [oal'i.l~~ OI~I'§. 1D ha~ been ~t thOle: a.s dl~ new' fICI'O'tm01''_1l; the h9d oh.large fa~~. H~ "'::!I,yM ill Ute rJ:gi>OO. fOr.li n1..lUlb~ of}'~'RL'13 ;iL!I~d dirlX:te:d Ell~ lP.iy~tine Clfftll~!i:i'j,!f: as'3iru~ the Serbs, 111 ;L ~Iia. ~..r .r .. 1mp30igJ~ he g1!;i:mro lb~ upper hand am.'ll I;:!Ipt",~d ~~~l ta ..... n& and fi:tru~1!,'I; or bath Zr .. 11"1 and Ra:id!ll i tb.c dlt:l!la:... ~m'!; W'11J~tI t~1l: ru!r:r tlf Zw.., Vodin, &:LI into oil hands, Li.u~ l.!; heard 'Ciftbi!:w:~['J3.11!! 'i!.'~(;d rrQlTI DyfI8dUon wni-l::h ~I!:rvp.d .'1l:i a ~ ,for th~ ~nlli~BI'}' '(lpEif'o.!.lit.m.:< in t1K ::I.1;]:a. F.".~ tn;:' da~i:rolt: j,s, !ililcC'.tfi!jin_ ¥low!E'n;!r, lo.a:i~nw-'i ::;t&y~ U~f::I? nfl' 'i.I!1. ~pii.lV;: Ilf' 1~ ~ hE ~ !\~)lI111!d 'i:c. (:':'m.I:aJ~tinjJplc aluil W3I!- ghe"lil 4:~11Im:!i'u:1 4~r a ~ ~1~11~ l!I~t T:'!:l;chi3.s, 'i.'h~ ~mbi'LiJ;'lH!i emi.iI:' i:JfSm.Yli'n'll., ~

I~ ~f .ff.~ ~ ... ~ "~Q f~ ,~,~" ..... ~I' T'IIU ~ro.wpJ,."pos'" 1:~llikll!J" p. 9'1:1.

IVh -. ~ f.'nWFr",,~ ID gl1el.llOO lS p~~~I!Ii1hl~ i'>'ti!!lmi!1 n:.uJ.:.ru Iblll ~I!.a'e &l r.n liIuJ:l :l1li 'I~ "'~~I~~ IhilIIOOI a' bi.. <;:on bo: Ikn;1i:6t..:! '101:11} KD~~iord: ~, cr. '~b~ J\1:1I1'-""~ ... r ~h~ Ed.:W L11~., Ro"~-::;"

_\~~I"rl ~~"iJ.,~ aT~i!.t .;.,,2 ~1.'T.",.tT>IO,L'l i.:.. ",iw 1J'i~.II~!~Md Ln, ~II ""~.Jo:i~ml)llieJil.~· lLI.!I.IIY1~&!: "'I!!.Io1i S[ K~NI~~ toDWo:i.'c!" ~h~ o&~1 otoF cli':': dm'all~h (>!!owry ".,lL :i:!o iJ]n"(: d«l!fibed .3J. ~ i ...... E, S:U8'ClI.II::"", l..:lI Y", ~ Scl,.,1. ~i{~ '.r PlIi~d~, ~In... ~n!rn (d, If r~) (1hu='II, 1""41, P. ~ I~.

~~ I H~.""'&II '~}~rr Il-,~n ~rl""~ ,O'!>'_rhum in II':€6J J:j m~y ~"" ~ r!'o;l!1'] th!l ~ Ual wt,8I:iU J'...nml'll u m.c.,[,.,,,o-d In t 10:111'", orpllMflll rQri!:. .. klJilhi=. f'J.rrr>e, Ih ... i~ I1lJt, S'!:e Salj'Jm ,M'!UI'I!, I ... ~ ~~'ji"'1"Jd 1!:fI, ..... hrn It~ 'mll-.-,1 1Jii'='I'1 (lr n."droni~' R~ 'iqf~1U 1OI"!n'. o:ib'liciul~'" Mil'!I~i!l ~ ..,J", ..... :iiI' I' .... ~Idell ;ilill "ur r .... ,,~J1 .... , rll lor.i:ll ..... I,i Ir KII",inll' W'I' hil n III tJ ] - _I 'IL--.I

II' n 1 I ..~' ... Ii .. , .... r;I-II1 It· l~r, Ie l5 1,:;,11;,"'\1;1 L.II.N

.:ru,J .... 'f'> 'W ~ ....... 'i'" .... J .. 'J!4...,. ..... ~r4'" I, 1f',.i:!J,

; I.~" ~. ~~. rr. "tv"" Jill _'<4lr I.,,~I ~'oII, 1 Ali;m, I, 1?J1. n'I_~. • JII~J, I. t~. 11:4.

..«r....,~, II, ",p.. ~ I ~ .1:",1 ~ .Jj; d. It, JII'fl"...,. CU&K-h.ft. '~r S'It~- I ,"" .1 ) 11 A'I'jll~

. Itt I t I . , ''''''1 , ... II.'~ I I D'I t " p, ~::I"" .-,

~ ~..;. .lOQW'J '1 <,;01 11ft """ •• -!lo' rr~II .• Ulcd ~I IJ~.rr.hi"ll r,f!I' d~'l },rl'L,-. 1J!.IL Ihil orn.noot 1111 f~~lll

"l.':.:a.;ha.!:;, \!.!iJ>1!o had bee[1 tI.~k;n.i.11w: th~ caei 1.011 with fir.: ltut. h.:id '!Vftlt.......JJ1 1'~[tGo'1'bi:d to biJ. headquaa iA::no ~11 :?myrna. I'I.'rur.ro::: the irnperitU !:1JmJl1QI:.dl:!r KQn!:bl'1tifl()~ :o."J.:lEl&f'rur,;:~ pursued hirn_ III !:I~~lI' [1) DHist D:lIlrus~ml, Ioom'1~ no~ wa.a di!;p(l.tr,i,~ by Lblil: c.lnp~l:Ir ~n oom:mand Qf.u I&'I{I: r.;:;r« 1trJ!1S~tin6 (If 1roiJp5 .:Iil'ld !il~i:p:.:; ....,l!1t insuuctiona hl [IJI'CI~ to [kc. l!llal]d of Le.shr.I, J-\~IJ~ KmnncnC' A!I.);3 tila[ on th~1 or,.r.l:,~IDr'I he l"!lleeiVcJ tb", I"i~W thlu '>lrm"§Jt ikt:t. whio:;h.: [rum U,91 !!:I!l caJiil'C ro derJtllt: ntl£ k1!a.c !1rl'tlle.: Jil,'Z:lllLiJu! tl~t.~ [oolll'l~ was I.IJ D'l!L1!r'I ,h.:

QMtlrnr~ntL thIEf the· llllrid liIlii~ a~ld band ~fr tilt ~a""1" ~D Dak==..;.~ ~iL)'kllll!. UN: oI:.:iJpitaL Gf:l c;n..,!';, W'L"; .. tlJ'cad~' ~up1~d Dr Tzadl.w, :md Doi..lkw. C:r.;1~I~d [Ill thtl! i..sr..1Tt1d VI'.irL11lJut dc:b.:r·. Hi!'; 6!'li~ act theee, W,I!': tr,. erect ~p.n ~O~I~ whidJ. ~~ :~ tk;.uLlle purpose bam :i:I!:: .r;;!rt~llr,,'1,tiaru. fund m. lIo';t'~hrowt't.:l. The ~o!"JIly dg~tlJ!(:;i had ~m ~tru~1:e!B to Tzacb:ll.l' Im::;th~~, TM eJl!OuJ~F.' 'WIlTWm wln~b vrtI5 onJ~' .:nl1ld,'IL'1:~~ iu diL~m~ proved. illdtti!ill!:.. r'i.!1i1]::i! It;)'l \'iIWIJkB lill;:: '1l!i to belil!'!lle UiaL il. 'iIIIiEi!a 'he- 3[L':Iiiit,gir.:: I!:l:niu~ J~'~ en"I(I1OTOT 'WtLifh ~rcI!'ii\W [fDr.n .mL,[, '~ha[, hia tT>OOp5- oo-WIm relic.: ~rL'Lagc of dm: sun ra')'!'. jr) ~jl(; afH:['J1.OIJ1l an,.d ti11!15 [lwJ.:.c tlij~r ::1.1;t:;LCLi: at ~L til~j!! ~n [he eru:;my !o'ld5~1i'i!i lw!:l. ~.D f."I.Ot! ... blll1di~ SW1 :in t_h~[' cfFtlL'l::!I ED W.uclL the EP;~11thtl~ ,;[1T:>f:l hit 'b<i.j!;, j\I.e.~!fil\ a ll!UC!' '1:(10 hi.:s ~nl!T.:llt with tbis. shrewd ad.'v.iC(;,::' T~J'l: ~lilLpt:ri:J!l, ~~rd.b!!JD' w.:tlj pro""P[ly fo.lltA,yl:.d, ilLlwi the Turli:5 we~ ~1'1;.beFly roured, Ts::..:1C1t.'lt: ~'.fI:: up dtc itupm-~Ilt i"l:l.rer!.I IlM onLy ;u;'k~ f'r:;r OL ~afe pa...:a;~~ !I:J S!IJ),rruL "rrn~ My..!2l~tiin~ ~ru;m~ t1) 1jJw" uut th ... l:!r.JJfl.y TUL·k ~ ... itl jUiiX.iou!. [0 eatJ.]' (Iff tfl:iJ'1 6f 'ilLol: j!:ilaledl!t':::. ·J.11~'3Xlf1 [I~eru:G urged Doukas to il:t ilim aJt1:empt !1Inoth~ !Il~~9,!:k b1J :ita. \~bik lbE:

Yorks. 'ilfeT(: :'i[ll~lm~g w SI'll;,'nt.3 .. ,,[,lrillS :.u::f~I:lJIJ:r· ~ pl2io:=., arud <1.11 r.:::1I"...stl:.:J!1. (l2IP~~Ve< 'II.'~ l;h!!!r.1LGti, thll!l!J~tL T~ ~1IDC~edall jm. ~pio.g, Da~ ~t'lclutiErl hh: mi::.::3wu by i3!!l1'I}Jt,gtbening dile r'OO'gFi~'1!t~~ 1:Ir-1i(~t)"le._iI1e. ll~ H~7~tim'~ w;:~ :liIs'D 3.'bI~ to OCOODmre.: j"nym the '['~IJb :!a:. ... t:L"fiI ~R ~!liI~d.:3 jflchJdJ~g SalitLO.~_ Tho:: IJOn:trlll:;'M~ then ~!~lir~l.ea Ef! CC(itatanti'll.Ople-.~

k;am'1~ [1[1])0' ;S{;].},EU ilL tile (!.:;Ip.iml for _:Ii ill:w- ~I.a.}-:!l .. Nt:M «Il~I.c Q[ tvro WUXEJiIiwnJ, (nl£ it!. Ctli::~:.=: b:;, :Ka~lc:::, tJ~ o-Wl!I:r II~ G/Pi'\I:S b~' ft.1~;t~, 1~i1 OgmlTC

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! tI h- I'! J:too.:'kn.! a. Ihe {,m ko.:lItr .. I"!hu !1~1~_ R~ML'Iy R OOo::!1II11H'1I, ·d'-l~

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~ W1known n~. Doukas 'W'a.~ tP..,~ tho:: eask of rt·~t"!..,, h' ~tultul LL~ l.. .... ..uo.:. t'>1'(r kvgc. ~~IL')o.L_ At LIlt: head !I)J . .a ~tl;~~ Irr

~ ro.u. he set ~[ >!Ind .bd"ar~ I..andl~~ 01:'1 Cn::t: be: .~ropr~~ Cit t~1!! I":!' ~ Edand of KMpa,thru, Ln.elldjll~. perhaps 10 H"L~~r 11.1!!i ~hJ~)l-; 8.!I~~1 t:Il;J,kI!! ~h~ Ull~

~tioll.! pn[Jr be !!.l.c decisive assault, .H.L:i: .Il~mUJocnt Landing crewto:i "'i' It widdjilrcid {nnfwioM that it ;:~U::;~d iJo 11'C'1¥ rIl.ou:p m Crete: Lh~; L~I1iI~' ;!j~lIijt1IL :1:1 t"C~ KH)'].:(,; ~Wo ~ asseseinnted before; DOLlhL~ ~I:t his fOOc on t~e~~ Crrto!: men ::;ubrnLU(:d withour further bloodahcd.s '

1'11"1: SUhJllg".J.[LOJL of C~l'L"Ilf. tumed Clut to be a more 0:":<l1\pJk7.!t0d Pmtr.;;;3 Ha\'iClC lLd~u.:rtdy garrisoned Crete. I)0uJ.:.a1l PLXlt¢t;rkd. to CypL'u" .ud [II) ~ fir.!;[ 3.rPld: c.aP!u.ted. the strenghold of _Kyr.r:nia. !he .11;10:;.,1.1 ~Slllrp;:t' RIII~[)~t.4,. ",00 Ol,C-t-l)J""djrljl! to Ann!!. 1(J'l, IJSld Iirtlc :1J~Jum;~ ~me:I~OI.!. h~lT1"illd fn:un !'o;"io:t::L"l. fi"l fat:~ the: Llrilporia.L eroops but daL'oI:u J~fll '!.'p.n!l'I'f(; 411 npen cllll:lb 'i!.1tll 1M'111, HiS spasmodie ~1:am::e- ~OOt1 camp!ctdj;' trjBt.~p~d, 3111.,13 rla-t 1~ :afi.9- WTI:rd~ he: 'IIr.1iL!i eapmred by Ilouteumitea, a l'iltl~t:", .. d, ~u']i;fe:r Dtillbs, ~I 'lu!i3 lite LTJlpenal eeetrel w..aa once :!I[lIIL~ e-:ltt:eu'lK:Ly_ :i.~~eL"t~, E1I~d ;a rji!;W ifO""tJ"rt£ir F.u"l1aLh~ PJlI.iJokal~'~ '!!.'3:!- appointed on this ~Lr;~~t!gl-'l; ta!and_ 19aiJl~1~ tben ri!::LW"J~ lu C onstantinop ['C. ' ,

Itt W lOOOoaQllelit of We5ti::~1'l. .t''u:ia M~iWJ' fnl!-nwul'lS tile ~t(Jt'~'nil1g (if' Nlft1!i1, {fi) JL1I)f 1097) b:r- ~ile knigbtb of tltt F3rs'i. Crtl!'U~,tL~, I cmlilru::cS D?:;1lt::~ plavcd.~ OllIl£LlLy conspicuous rote, In, a m~-a5-\JiL't ainn:d ,iLt rrii5hil"<:il~jng [ii£ &:UuA:, 1i::t.llIi~ or the maritime primipaLHle!l, he w;u mdtred ttl !':jJe"~d \vc:rd, ofNml";'llCl!.'~ cap~l~r~ ;Lr"JC ills!) ro di~Jn,y '1"~;:h.iiE" d3/u~1Hi:I' whrl h;ld been [SlML'L ~,-jS>iln~r there, Om:1:: 0!rt)T~ h.~ h;.,ti tl!,e ~lIprem~ command ("ir t~l~ .!urmy II:n.a the Bott, but a~ the h~Ll rtf" th.; bt~~r he plO!;~d [!, {lcr~aili Kklpi!i:': ~~ whom ~1l!:; go"'l~mfllf~.hL.[J of &myrul!I Win- pl'nmu~ ;1'1 ~o:: e¥Cl"Jt of j~ ~~'Il!ilm~. ~ o!~nJile::; b~iq[";;:J. tbi!; ~o:wn. 5tiJl1til~

e .~.lrLW, II, P- [00: d.E:. t"'r-rIOi'1'J, HfMiH ~ III ],Ioo~~ ~I~ .ru MoyM .qt f]"t,,;", I~")i aTigincllf publi[h.f1! iD .R.!!i.I:: ,N~rm! LJrin, lo!l ].I (l!l!)~~i ~-..;; H. G~lomt.·£-j\'ll""f::Ij.;.I, 'L'Ulm~1ioo [J1ifur,j["1!; de ~ ~ bfl;!lJ1t~. n, :J;~ (1fjl61~; 224'-1i. Th~ C',"~II. 1I:"L.,..;d ~fii" p;:;.il;Dl ~ a:&, d~i him in II, ..... ~~'~ !K,i!.t ~'~l1 is, Mdnil:]l!'<!afld w,·h!r..l' by XI~iJ.oM, biJMp or ::-kth.~ in 11.11_ Sot lit,~ edition of V4loilir~'ki~ ic Pli:lIDI~~ ,~!,,';' Ji!N,·dl., IfI (~~J. 7:;-3.. 'fbi!::lOCOI.:!Il[ !lIJpp.'k-n.~~ wh.at JI~. h~ ~I) 9~,)'" 11l1.:! 00 MI,"'" <::J'iIILT'lL &IThni f~ ~I;.. Tlv )'~Oi~r~nh .. r m:ik15 DaLl.!i~ diro::l.h.is ~eL '1!1Jo I:h~ ports.fir J!l'I~II)i;):<' (~I;IM~ ,~~ it J. """c:,I,,;,,~ IheiL 1ft ~'ht .. ~1lI111:'"..jAh S<lim -""..-lImos 1iI1111o ul.~11 rnoo!H;l'Ilioo ~1';i;1 ~" ... aid~ .LJ.tr-,.r'l.h>l;illoh.-..l i Iht 1WoI"IIi of K~" death re£I~III-.d him Ih.~, :II'1cl trn~' tlt;::n. iI:itl '11" I~ :l.l..J ""Li.'bI',I, """,I''Q~ ~I'ET C~~ ,[,il~ wnion ilrlh" Vil'a ml'lh;; I~ clilllkliiti if oot i.l11JHID'iI,If., ro :.M..li' ~ ii.I,~.tJlr.r ~11 iJ1h;: fI~t ~~ K''I;m.1Ro!:CIn i[!l ""'i1.YP!".lilh_ n,j<:''l'rth~ ]ebler.; clThoop:hyl>.kiJlll ;-'(I:...~ia, t."ol.tra,-",I eo loon:n~, ri,iKl>1 IUpPO!'ll, Ii, .. Io:Il:lli!ro;L Duu:lz..s !iiD.t~ at ~_ T:ll!: 19T11.."'li!l'.ll modl:'ip'".lhlAo, ""'!1"C"":111 :hiJ "1i'i:'r>rCi~~i!J1l ~r the :rl"i"' ....... ~bl" ol:lispD!idoo ,;of i:'h[!. ~&:Irr:;m-e: !;[tW-ro.. him and b-t;'" Dilllk211 ro (OOI.l1l1r il OOU:. ...,.i(11 ~ ... ~ ~ ~h.e "".jOB nf:"l.lL.Ii!M !.IJoIi!l]n!.\'; Ill!: !1.I!~r'"~ Ur.m;'!!'i in, hd:M,l,"r. i::o.;;~ ~~ ~I.r ~I!EL I,. J>G, 1'9~ ,,,,II,, ~~I ~ (_ ~ul:.. ~.l'2)' ~I;I"" it I' 1l'"A'ill:.ok I~L TOu.pI,:.-[",~!o .. v.&i LOO III. I;1IOI.eun";:rn brJ-mll'" u[,h~ I-e:I!'Id"'t:II ~, I~ oIICGL!llJl~!£ 1.I''''J"'.,",l: r.irl ~~ Euw.lI; e", =I'.Q.) !~c wr ha-\'~ Jill or.rid"!II(>I" of nriy ~I!.!~ ~' ~L!ilMequ,",nt :"1I'0'\.r.Llll'J111 r,( rD;,nr.a ,..,ili !h~ "rh n LnUt.JlI~in oI)r It", i,I:mI1 11,;u o::IIII.:J r.o;l~illl Ill!; ~ru:c In, I >!: 1~1.4.-r rJ Th...,.,phybkl.o:I. ~",11~ i~ rn:",1 lhe I>i'.J;)l;,U!lt Ill' 11,,:I"IJdo Mf0.ii. it i~ rttl!!{ln::Luk [Q t.:rr.r~JO"(" ,h~ Hlrr;H ~ ~'J~iJ ~f~' rrr"'I~NI I ~'Ilixll:ou-, 1:\1" clli.rh'K, the H!t"-"'lli;n~ II):~t'" ~1"" dlwr-t..

>Ii .'" It;~ "",'r:Y~:rI" I~'II o1hh,·'t"i'h"-d ~r"rnJ h"i'" Sp.. N_ M ru-; n ,"",,! , '8~ (','>riI.....:U>;'!l". :uh1'M'~f ~'f"",.,..{~ 1'''~ ~~~- ... ,' ~,.,Ikr.'to1' 1'f~1', ~'fIJEi l' (I!.Io!t') , '~I!-:J«.' l ~1JrCl!1:,.

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1I.4~.&:~, ~I, IF'p· I r;.;, t· nl~ r .. ll':l1 II] ~h • ""F-"'dll ;1111 11'j ~"",.qll., ~!" p, 7$i; GI.,.w, I'. 6111':

J'..pl,,~ '11, I"'· I"~ ~. ~'r ,iI' no;,l ~~III~. P·I til.;: r~.wlrnL 'rr Crl"'r,J"j d. C, r 1411 • ..f. ttill"lf)' ~f (~Iir.

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26. E I rene Dnukaiua (~066-] r 113, ?)

The ~p~ Eirene .1J.o1.lc'1ill1;'1, who b~~lmH: th{! wtf\!C:. of i\j~I;IS [ KOIUriI~I"I~' .... ';L'I; d!<!:: f~-bom !ll~h~~ ~An.;tOOtI~~~ !I ~ ",llcl M,i1r:ia, S:b~ ..... <1.3 11l~rnJ premm.;].bL'!o· !.r.) c.:.m;!;Illtl~pl>!!. rn 1:!fI66._- 5'Jt.r;j1:t.~~· b~Clre htJ~ .~a~!I~r'a rI~tl. in Oclill'lxr ,[011, E.~. tml"1;lLlgh t~~ Inl~bti..-..; <lh~T cl~f Jnt)tll.u", w<""i.3 bo!tradll~tiI Lo Akrioo ~I·ho<l!! fiT;.[ ....,Dr~ 11."1.011 ~tl)i' d[.r;:rl; il:h~ mi'l'rrimge 1N~dr:h ~5 Obvi:ou!L)' the result O[ dipl(lm~tk. 1:1;1n!'iirl~r.J.ti;;m~ ;J[p'p~n; ro have Dcl!n Dl'!1~brak4.l earL" 111 me rotlol.nng '!Ie;~r.~ Tho!'! m~3~d IU~ !l):f ~h~ ~l'TlpNillil ~Ollll'l]~ i~ dK:pje~ ~, their .;t.iUlgilt.:':r .~nOJ. lilt <:;,:;, .a mlJs1; m~Pfllt Ollie, OO[ it is pL'Ij)bL!lil~ thac at 1i!"..Mt dJ.!nl"lg dill: ~rllo' y=e Ei..relle:~ pl;ililtDon in +he paJ~OI:" was fa[' frgm :SiXL1t1l: ;!inlj \I"'iLIi r~!ull}' 'Il.l'S:Lbrm~ by Wtl; Q]JI:TI hlJ~tiJ~tY' or h.crfDliHII:r-in-:!EII\'I,' J-'\tI11;~ ~I:I~, a !i.jlkr oIo:[ll::my (ill' lhe ~t~n:: PO~lkru> fE!omi[:r. S1~LiI ,~~~I;I by 'tru: hil!ll~I'!I ~u::.piciQW atl.W!.lwtt;tli tlf her l1u~h'Lnrl 1;Q tbl:: o:iX-em'p~~ M~ti;L. Aftr.:,r du::'.iI.O!X:S. WJl uf "\I~ {~ Ap3 i.L ~08J}, f.nr 1ci11ll::l'phincm ri:QSQ-Jl:!. Eil:t..ml); ~~~,yed i.1I ..... EI.':!'. I1MIm m.:; emperor fur a fJ::W days and k,dy:~ .1,t the 'lo\',ff;L' p;a:U;JJ:;.'I!.' ~th~ with bet' ol)ly prot~11M 11.[ 1fI.a~ rime, Lb[': !"<t!11 OI{it~¥c Ca~3ir Juutill,ol!.'l; ~Jl, her 0WJiI [U.tmd.r:lldto;::r, .... ·h~11",; h]~oo 'Wid!. all bi§ blncil Te!l!!Itiiona, inclw:lit'ij: hi; brothers, occupied u,~ pal>!.«. ]In:lper of 1101JIkcl~Q~_ ~ Intr1gt'~ M~lind tnt: ~r:;n.r~ ""d ~iITon.g p:res51J1'"'l:

Upo:tI'I AJ~ hrtilJght about E.il'tllA!'~ o-1JIci!!!ig cmwr.rJ~ b)' l,h'l:O patriareh Kosmns :&. ,.,..,«1,;. &SkI' UJoC 111~ emperor ,aa~Ot-d~ ~ ~·hro:l~f:.:r;

From then ~Ii ,Ei~i:ru:: rreqU(;l'ltl~' Olmrc; [nto Am'la'$ lI1;rrrnrtL'IlC" AJ.thottgh lJr~ ~ btl 1 J.nJ~ ~11~U>=(.(: at ~R1;:: ~~Qn:i !lIf{, b;~r. ~l;tr-Oll \""'85 gr"diu;))IJy LLr.,ntth!'i(l~ and ~~,lWJ.lLy she manav:cl too !t1;Jk~ h~r pBE~t1;::c f(;~t,~ Wh~l,

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Eirt:ll.i:: tQ jtlin ~~11i WL"ti, "Ill>!: or.ln[,lerm- \l\I:L!:; ;!It thn] ti.i..a~ ~I.IIFI~I~ u-c<m futllritil .aJtdsk: h.-llIiblf Il.ll~ him," Sirrni.br.ly.f'iR ;'I,ootli!t.r=mp~,;y.ae:a.in~!·'&rJ,=und ill Navr.mkroer [[0"7 1h~ oErup~ lbll~ A~J but th:~tp. his Clllroe .. t1~~ 5~11;::. ..... 'f.iG Hl1wililrlg tD proo::;.c.d 1!.1).io' fllli!h~r., 0'I1ld. the II!Ed ~rr'il1~ ~Ji!E l\eturnro &cm. Tbll:re;;~onil;:;:. tn Ccm"I.:m.tiru:.ple,~ ~'C:O~~L i:[j~ J I f; ~h~ ""as bro"'J.filh~ to Niromt;di.'1, rl'Ol'JiI the iJhll~d (If Pitnkiprlo 1",1"II:::r", ~b~ h~ been IllavLn.,. !!;mil (K11:E m.:I"'" .~A'_

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(J;tL"l;; oLIo! h¢rl1~l1~ 1!11. hl~ poor ltW1h.['Io [r.ld~;;i ~he i::tJIIPL1::::m ~pe.,tedJy per.,

&:N'II!l~ tJII>!! fllf.lelitll"L.!: oilof a. ~I_ in hr!r ol:f"I"wi:.5. to l-e]~E h~ .'i!i[j~ hu.::;h~l'1d !IIncl, p<,rtkuJ2IrLv dlJ.r~ng i:Li~ ]~ fElitaL iUiu(:;;l".:[) I

It WOI1~ b~'-'r! huen ixocl mild! !I:i ~~ froCl r'i..aLlI.:!I, IIJ7, ~ p~iM]!Jal ;u1~~Qrj,"Y iQr E,iirl!:it'li'r<; It:le, an 1.!i.llbUd 3ntl ~lall1,=,l '1IW1)1J(1lt Ofl~L' JJIll[bl!r'~ cl!"II'\":Iet.cr .1.'I'L.[i ;ac:;tLifjC~~, ~Ji:'he vivDd d~riptilm or E[I.e~II.t!i ..... here she i§ comp;!:lre.d Ito Atbell,lt", ~iIl b~ rearl ~i!-; i:L ~1l~d[li!el!1, nf ti .. ~ 'L'~thw~' t!!t1(iet"l!!;\' re JdEalt"r" Tbt ~1'11:XC!![)' and tlu: bemvolCfl(ll; of the ~mpL~ !Jftel1l I:'imt~ el-ll!lf~iElIJ i.n dlflnc.ter1!tic El.C~S 01" pjl?ty :.1M d~~'!:'Y' .r\n>cr th~ suppsessicn rolf !hlc (kU1p,19'll'lI~ !XI11S'p~"'.;y oJ!.f tl~1! A1Lolo:tI~a::; ltrotb~J::I, the EltIPC'OI: p1'E!lenilEd. ,lvis. I"'ifc \~iih tllJ; 1~'~II,m:lllls. lseuss of OM of the prominent l?[I,rI;c~p,mil:l! c::!I.llool JClal£lJIl:!I 8'lJIm<Tiltm, ,E;~u,: t:iDWC'Ife!" fo!:~~ ;" d~:fI ~l:im:iVlo. ~ So'lolJWUI.'::i wif'e aMi i[1$1~1"1 dl::~i.dtd ro deGWn~ the: gi:fit ;.ImL l~'io'~' ~M lWl<illli t.o the d~['8Jl!ed Wmil)" ',I, EquruLy :u:1.'!l"citr..:J, ~tb:;;::1: with her daughter .:\.1"I1'l1l! lrJ}', ~hl:: UIQPffi!ded il!1 ~~la-dLnr. ithe in;;iitp}p!J1.t ,AJ.;.;:,""i(l~ to I.">Cfmin f~Qm. [hi!! 'blIudh'lg flf MU::I~Ii.€iI l'u:tern1l.a :find ~he 1!tdirt.1 f~imgpjottCo'[1i,'1

~(jr.or.rI~'s ill1fiL:lElL(le' 301~d ~~ '-L!t the By.:lI;ljtint, 00ll1f.it end.OO ""1m ~11e. ~lh cf h~r hli:llw!oo ~n J I f3, '~i1>!! :S!Dl"'!o" of I~e" ~I.'l~t &w ~= ~li:I~-ed Allna~'~l :1!t I~ ~Pfb1re orth~ i:ll!il..rLl! bEl~ Ionnnes [~ 1i!lS' aeul ur ber '! 3iL'l ~ffuT~ ro dn~ 'tll't reltlor,tR:!'It l':~:r;cnIJ~ifli is stili t;~r fJ"O.[JL ~l!1'ar.·! $~ a.fh:~r.~· ... rd.5 .3.~e II1lILiSt b01.'I.'~ :al~;U~~r0t3 ~J!L,=" menaatie hiabitl~ and mb~cq~,.eI1~lf U"'li:ill ,[I, qinet life- in the OOJ-yi,ffi[ cl K!t1:b"i2lritmru::nl:: 11I~[a her !j~!h I!.'hiil}i n [1;11 pl:'1.'lh:llb~l;t~· !xC'LLTf\ed OH 151 F!Ilbru.iiry I I !i'30, 11'

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~ Gf lIcr times, a patron IJoI ear.nUl~ ;}ILU OIL m~m~~te Il!orrns w~d, [he

~ ~ Lilu!; h~ hU~~:~I.....l. ~h(: 'W,a;& i~~l]~r.u:d iL'l tl~~QJ(I!l;y '::,j Clfll""'-l1f uqUJJ~T.I~~ ...riLh ~~ WJ"111I~ of S[ M&·{.I.n~ the ('~;(rU~",I~ 1'1 . cm:iftarI; ~mt E.um~'Il1il):< ZY8'".JI~J;]f1BJ the- arudl.cIL' ~ ~~~,L!17~7~ rIiJJl'fJ~)Jg~ h.rw w afid ~r mo'ml!T ..... -cll, ~II. bd"arc: he \,\f;;Il;: OOJJlltl:iD~IL')JlOO h;.- ~l~ i:!rr..]!II~J"4lt" W ()[)!TI pnsc: his i;"XbEJ: L!; i ve ",,-or].:.I!)

&:rhap:; no c!ll£J.· B~'ZI!.ntinoP,. !!".J.u~ or pl"io~,. h~d a gJeiikr imp'3A;t ()IL oon~po:rarr li~,"r ... ture qb.,", F.m~lu; ~f1 whom a OO.illSJd~r.!lMor;: I1U1i:ljl~r etd.i ... ~ \Ir~rh ,.,'~ ~~IICJ· dedicated i:)T w'1"'llLdl at her p~L':!IfmaL r.~U!bI. T11~ Jl:!!ls~ impOiti:Ol of tb= .Ian.:.r I::; lInrl.m~w~d1Y'. rhc ~.n1j" 'ICl'ropJa<: of h(:lr ~oJt,.j[j.hw X'":.Jocpborn; fh:.·E.lIl~I.M.:~ lII: :51'i(mld ]ttlL be [.wl~r.:m~j, [EYLl 0;f ull her t:bLldl:CIl. 'b1.J;: r1C~.:s5 w;u; par.LiA:LJ(EiIJ~' .. tt;J,dlwd. IKJ ]~~I: 1ll:l!ru.s~Jk!" .AlUI;:J; rCJ7,. ~b:r.o:II;1J)J~ p~rTlr!):1 wrolt: ::;oonc' .. ~ 'Or o:.m:miatm[L ffl~ F.:lr~:II!! ;:m rh-e OlXao.;LOO t!f: tlle de.!dt or h~ ~I~ AodrotliJ£.oo,'1 M'On:8'.1;r ILllllli!!t\(lLI~ L-cl"r.::I~~~ eo hib'" an::: f!:JlrlW ill me b,~[b.lJ:lrr ~try of the ~m~ fi'r1;1I;I:rmru;.:-;"ll 'fh~ ~h.::r Pl'lOOYtirum.t !!I;IIL- 10000p:II:.11ry, the ptL~rsjc:iarr Ni1ro.l~o~ iK.jlllikl~ .. J~ I;I:mti~~d ::1, poem roo; IF.ir(:J[l!_!~

J:ti.rJur}. of If:..c: linr ;TJI:I.~inD. !~kilWi 111M. I·dl"lres. noM! ~lt":lt:li"d.irulll' IlLIIl1IJH;""I~ ;m.NW~ ..... lth .r..iIi1JiDw 1:IO"Ib:r, FIDl:, JIll:; [:lI;r;II;II~~I~ ~I~i ~i!oi' IlMi¥.I IWi'::'; nt .ht: iY! ....... ";II. ""rlll.lr dlM1b In. ~11t' ~ of:ill boT [T1~J::i,:1:'I ~nd .ru~II,l",I'I)' r"''5I'.t'1I11 '.Iii <,!II~") :liJililllr:: .;)1.l1 from 00 g:r~1i~. S.;.:; L r"u.l., "1"~n..:l1l JP:iII"liI':T>C d~ """"'I1"~";m I~ cl'Atlwi' (II':'~)', J~~ ~ .~r1J:.. ~(1.1 {'".1riml<:i' 1I.,Uil."~, J ~ []!'J'lIt!),li~, k:lii, Ku~ 'UD£di!::n!! T~b!! .'~(1I!l del' Zd!: d!l ~ Ja.~ K"ln:l!ll:llIH" 11:[, 16 (I [lin). ";I:b,:kr8'-!l15,. i§Je oIInly ,z;ppro;pn:L'Ii!! 'jo)S,J ~, ~ lirn icd>dil7r1 cil:«l. ill '" T,1f!i!n'n i!I J ]"2S, Tim h;u I1O"t h[)',,;cl'cr p~m uctd'."II~. ~171O" bl~, 11 .. ~, ]~, n, 2, 1ir~'S ;u~liIIn 1:11 the fOJ:t ib~[ El:~e "IIF'>-i ... ~. OCI wi[J1!:1l1 11K ~Ih ci bcr ~ ~ 'lJb!J m n y h~ ... e dietl ~[Ol' l ].5l~. Th.it ]~13. CJ.r;I.'L'IIm to J:k co:c.;:I~ [hllt ~hlJC = be a oop:,rU[\c !!!1!I!1loP i.1 dil! ;"di~ui",. ~i"';;IL '" tii>:: ~p!J.'W< -fir !{alrm:. . ...... nn. ':II!d he ill inclined ."", ~~ n riD d~,."., (-I !~!iI), v~ i~ ~ll(;<,Jid I).;; r)t)inlm (IJ;I~ i.h~[ ooih ~hr o:zJ"l;]"f!l w--rn br M. GOOKo!] in. ,.~".,r, ; ,V,(Rt!ol.; iii h.f!!}I:Io), I'~~I fJIX! !~ I";!!Illi~J;~ t~ ,_Q ~l, i!QI::, tir., ~ iii!:! iOOiCJ;KIII :l:iill !hr "!lRIl11'1: &1' ..mtrelil in [lUll :Lm:lll~ <::;o.P",:loJo:oiI I!ft.IIho:- "LL~1"!f IrtlCT".;:ru;:n~r:J mIlle C.,,;;;k ",1P:;'1Ii.:;;:t,

I L to ~ ..... br: oolrd r.ht::L m~ne: '&-"-111"" 11]0 'ehe <!!IIIp~r ..... I~:o:io5.' l.;;r~1 ill 1;. 11'1.:5 tKI,l.CL., .1'. :JGJ ill ~<>IWlt r:v-l O!!='1!li~ ~ Lh~ .... il'o:. "t I\l~ Knmn.e_, ifi~ t:kl~[ !J.mo,:,iJlJ~r· of Mil7md T, w.. b:;,..:i b.:rr; _"'"..d by biJ: Ii"JAb..:r.

II ~Io<m.., JI. po..:PI. I~ Alai<r.r, ~,111. ::i~:l' '::<0 AI'li%!~, ~, Ill.. 5'; Ir,:1l1. ~, ..t,QI"fI!l1., ie', !5' .. ~ ~ .i~ ,..;-. t-vn'~~"", ,~ ... ~"1!1 ... ,.:p J,,';""W(lfo' ;!'d fI$ liiI...J¥t",:n'':.p.r_Jl.;."""oIjIii,.",P.l Jh.o ~'.~' The O['.IIIIlpl,..11" ~I ~1lI ben ">!I1!m 1:rJ.' A. ~c"ij,,,i, 'Aro:oooia I'nKlr1KTlr:a 1111'11 V~I, e r-, y,:;.', ~ ltII8 FfH~ AIIFiI""""'';'''.;:Ii;t 1.""'1.0'1-11/ ;JI..,=...,~ lMI'<iIIi, :ltrui£IiN~. ~'=ri" ... · I Hj~~I' ',1F " ~<" ~'I<'" i~ ~ :rllf""fIT 11 r:1l!i.o')[J, Ii ~P"r~lI:iIII (Orl.e&..~, I !i'O~~' I~· ~-;o,

.J In" I"r.nt ...-nl 'rn1 ~K Ll,r ........ ddmjJ.fIr 'In,.. tor l!:I,c,,~" Io:rnr:Jt!.:;_ ]!'r",,:lr,-;.mQ:l; no;;<n.im<l her !"II: ·Il .. k:lL l.,f ~II ""~p~' fI",,~lulr!TIl!lwr", "11"0 eh, 1'- ~.r~ [ {,G, Ij~, 1'''[. 101177]). Sil'llilLd:-- I", WI' <"f.' ~II . !;,II" Tl.'tI'.d«-~, OJ d., :~h"... i .... r.l ... 1<[ ; ...... n,) 1":'. I~II'! !Iollm· 1;Ol"1I71.1·,II"I. hr~ i"~~I'U"il;l i)U.ll"'" (Yo UrT, '4'. r II I [.I.. '!,~., vv, I i:Io] ~) 1!nd in " I ~iIJl;jlll"'''J.ln ~r 1J u- ""Il~ I.,{ I h~ "<I'I!<l1- !i.r..na,. Jllrenr. I!ld~11 '1" iIUo[."~·~I, Ir~lrrpl'IIII' (1'.~I''''I''''''-I"'\nffan~,~I,-t..'~JL'!I.~!I"I...:!.,; .J""..",,'

~~Y, ,·G I ~~, .,.. 1........-1}J, t., nr- l!! 11t<1 """11- Itl i II.~ hl'.M1 111 II!," "mill' {. Ill" 11i"1Llibri)I Ib~

...... 1lI~:III' Ill .......... lrl;iI' I(¥..,....~ , II ,.. .... .,. .,,; 1J'"I't~~ 'I" ~~nDu~J in Ihl" Inr .... od:-- Fvr Gr~;v..,..

It. In 'r,.oI- '~'[~JI.I 1,(:1,' I.. [1". ">tI}; l~fArlr.I1I!I"''''', JI. I ?~p II ~,). ;". IIImil;tm" '!I)QIJlrlJr-h~

"'J 11"/ I • I ... Iii I" '1 1.1[,11 fr" It k.lll "'''.1 [\if(-lIr wt "'r It,r 1'1r;:11I'"!" 1 Rlldu~11 "'[.a.k:J'o[Ifl.-

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r I ,'-'I ~ I' I~".t I' j. I " ....... v., ... 01", ~I 'II 1.1", n, 'if!.,

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1' .... ,.1.11. J r I 11,:.:1 .::I~,~,." ..".,..II,W. . . I

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Ato;::KI,o, (!IQtJ~AlN"'" lJ!inlkalt)3 1:0 G~i.o::;. y~~ thp.: eouple's hCIIJI!i;lin.tc cl~ are f&r from I"'C!l itSt •• blkJtOO- The union 3Ip).:IE-3.1'!: to ha ... e pnxLLlceil :lot 1~1 tW(] 5011~ f';ill4ll10r0s l~ ';11I1:d l-\ll.Q~! ki:1~ r_al';i, rt1~e ..... fr-~ l:iIllJl!rl !llFi:-I:r ll~ti.r ["e;Frli..-c: gralH.lfaLhers, Ni'kq;!ho~ P.alilJi!;)]o~ wi.d .Arldmmkl'lS :U, amt3 rn'l]f hR,ve e:n.l~·~d u,~ IlQllel Ql~!'Jd aurnsme DouI£1m-iFu.iri.i!lkip:D.~ which cti..l:Dt into ~le dhtlll::;- ~~ tweiillli cent~lry-

T.heod~ ...... a.:l ~1Lt: ~I~~st ~Ll!I:r uf AruLn::m!k.;i1 !II, 2I1l,j she must ~neTefl)Je ba ... r,;l:iEitIJ born. in :!1Ioollrt I IJ~ She had been 'pl.QUIlised' 1:6 Gt.a try h.i:.r PME[lb ~!nce ite[' tnr.'·liil;~l .aTl~ J;i"'I!r! in ;~ ~"1:l11.t ~1il1"'~r. ~h~ monnsric rmme of E.;~. Tbeod(l(l""a djEdj 011 00 F~lll:llIIiL1' ·"f liu:l. ul~nlfl\""J~ }'dilr Wt!m: dLE: T;:piJvm IJ[ K;x!rnar.itooMoe 'IJfaB written t 1 I ~iIJ" [8);=

2g. N

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W ~ ss. ru h i~ hl;llm brJ im<!lgin~ jl~lI:t a man'i;,gt1 'W""h!: ~ i!XI.:Ilcl ~ •• dJlll~teT or l~ki~. K~~.I~I]~~~ {wJ1'OIi~ ~~ll~~.AI~!1,," h.,cl ~lrlJ.>:i~ 1akm Eirt:Bc 26) and (111~ [11' F.m~r.II:: ~ a6 bmtal,a1l, Lt.il:; ~al.tr ~ :l!:.m1The ~b~} m~ u .. 1t been an l)thMWL::;1.'; !m!I~!.aL"!!I flf~)JI tlfK~1'./I.ntiu.Q.~ :22_ " ~

Tbere appears m ~ 1~1l I:VitlJ!ll~ a:.; [u "",,+II~thlo!':r ZD~ .3..~ had :lIELy bL1:JU1i::~ ee ~[tr:;,

71

:) I. Theodora. D[)llkii'i na (fl, C_ I I Q 5-)

In a .ccrl.Jpl",- of al~DI~,ylfuJo.u.::: ..3~dl~atD'I"!o" epj~ms rd"Ct.r.I~CIt I.:; ~cad.e to ~.I]ph~rn~ iIl1oC. W'ilil of i br. f,mIW.'~ iiiWl1JM Ni IroltrLo 50 :MaUl fik.i!i taka lon, '1]" IrI e pGeID.5 ! P tal;. or ~e[" ru; 'l)oLlkoblili.~1 (I~ 11!:. lli '~DC oat tbe !Jl)llk1'4 branch', i a.liHI oin~ cr them pL'qI,<i:dc-::; ~OrJTI~ <lruiii1~l;in~1 'Iv.;~ Qn her I:IoflCC~:f.. E1Lpht1:I:lj'JJ.oI: wa< ;z" Ii:r2l[1l'l~ Jililugh'k!r Q:f ~bc p711~IJ~Jbr :iV1icll>"tld.i2'.;l,:1.lwl. be:r r.1.t'h.or.r. wl\n carried the d~liity (If PiWf.!~iEIfl:it (prw.u~(qJ~~ ~r?) 'L~1L:i 1J:q,llud Tbcolit)fcr..l, B}' her Inunil8t: lIJ :MaLllrol:!;!Ilr!!k,Lic[l, E'lLpbtooytll.t: bfa!lm£ [11", mother oJ" t'l!o"() cltil4r¢J1., T~(lrm.J 1:IIL4!i :Marla,.!;

I::LlIp-h['QW[l~llI1ii!'l!~i1L ]~1.'!; ~I~, [liE! ~nui.tkkwEb~cr of Mkbael .2~ I!lt.b~ Lhrough b~ father Theedoros or'thrrmJgtJ Iw:r 1Jnkn,m1,'fi mothl!F, I wo~lkl !;nppm:t iI1~ second 11.yp!l'tllll!!1h .. In unnther Itlpil!jraJo, (I[ ~te. :la!LlIl.t COllt(:~iim a. e'::H3.;in Thccdl)l<I. Th;ukiliu3i sud her husband 'l"heodl'llT)!i ,;L.~ 'm,e-llIti.am!!d.' These CIiII:IM be dt~ ~"i1it5 of" [~'.pbffitOyru: ..

3 I (J;" N"a {fl. t:. E ~ 00')

A. ilarugh~~ oJ!! ~dl2ld ~t}, of ~11IL'kI1;::1'NI~. lrame is !II1l1,~d~ to:1 :in .al] ,J~~~~S~l:'IlUc.'l !::iiiUooe. In fueol. onl ... mer h.ml:lll.llI~ Ioannes, ,;L .It~pbQ\' of .i\I;:ltiIO~ l, IS rd\::'I:T,"d. Ih i:II~:;"I. YlJ!pj9"p.';" {p{<~':m~h1i ;>om-~I}-!,OI,w) d~{jcl!siel 3![~!

I.UUUJ lULl!! Of" THE DOll!{";' ~ ;r .... ;m.L'I'

;F;IIU:;NB

E'I.'C[l11.1;t1ty ~ltbro!jc_o:d mnnustle liJ~J Thoty appear to h~ ld"~ II. nu.m~ of !!:bildrcll, rnQ'i"I~' lInll:l)l)1,'l11;,TI)ctr ~L :b.1:idlli!l!!.l. -:J. ~Ll~I'l.L1 ;!(:0Ctt"l 01 dill: JJrcLlbi ;jI~ the .K..mia~!!"iI)L'. ·t1il:tl 'ItlUil!_~ "Th~. d'$liinl;ni~hoo b~L uffitwl :J.nd ~ A.,1'l:!Llrmll::~ ~a.:s J:{aim.:l1~ri:J~ ~6"Wii1!,; ~180 ant Qr LbLiT !I:1D..!_ ~

33, Zoe {fl. ·c. ] E!:Q)

'["il~ U'~.uk Zflf 'W'8!- 9. daug)1.Ri:' of N :Daow~ .Z:) o:.ml hils 'N.ite. the d.nJp:bte.~ or ]~ N'='J:1i1rmJ1.oM. Sbl!! rn;trri.edl t1l'e .reMsi\H GI!r.rrgi"J' Ekrt.'lrn;i!l!~~C ;II. r.e];tti1.!1I!: b'llL <LPPlIIL't.:LlIdy M[ ii. i[!l~[I11:!!!."t (If flu: l~i!lpCItClt~ ..... lWio JJ.O.I.,.f'fl(;i:' died $hi)T~~y .rl"~I:W:'.!~ .. ds, u~· thks ma·rri.'i!F:1!:, Zee. ~ILijd ;!J d;J[1J~hb~r.l

~lirw ...u .,.w rzv;4:£o .. ...but: m.op-i,: ~-.- JI.!l"';' ........ ~lIII;:: ~"'c ~ ...... II,!JJ""", 1'1'= P;;"liikl"", ]11 ;,m::i, .nlf .. );D;,

Gr>t~ K""'I:'~"", ""I", ..... .1:1. ,It.-r. Ij(1I11"i1lt"J:oll ...... 11:1 'Ill'! gn~l!lri:J.I. djgJii;'f ~f 3I"M'I-!IF, """ "hi:. d1!2lif> b;;1:IL1II1: LJ,~ PibJocr or !II. mom"!" b~ I'rOOwmlY.' ,.hi;:n i1. OOilJi",1 ~ A_ i'>1otiurj, "P- cle., pp. !I~H-~5. lItJ.th. W ooi~l!r (p, ~'I'&] ... ",L:!;i. ],t"lf: 1111011 Ic'!rillli .. :.r",,",,-, Pt.:oimtt (O;:!,.m;:]; l!}l!.!!tl, I'"- '";15. III. ?'L. ~I':)J (I,r. 1.<;;<[ ro, I I ~3 . .Ft.llllkia .al!..J. oom~d :;]0 'poc:n .%; ,-J. :rri~ .,..,. 1'i''''.!'''"'''IPL'0' ~, ·I'fI. 303il~~, nit. KXI. FIl[ ~tlriF.: IlOI; ,,"00 v_ :-;;.. :>b.L"Pll ..... \':lJ.lJrVJl, ~ K.L~ir • c.c:u 1_1u.'"II !JibToll:Iii·GtP.:rnI~I"'I~=II"!:" .~.t"li[2!flm.'. I~~. 1.6 (I!ltfi~); JTI--a~.

s K 111Ji!.:!l, IIp. ~";:I i ~, (; . .'i~llIwil~. '"Zur Gt:st:hkb~!:' rler- I:'":uetilic Jtl:.lJl~l>!roW. fi\{:. OF. (lg3{), 3~'

• .:lIJ......-.:o"to I\\"nJID.-.wtiFT! T~";'[o.'~, KJoililo!l;:::, p, SS4-

; ...... '" cpW.~, PIll1"babE-y ·.....-;rill<;r.t br 'I'2~. l="ttn!o: l"hr.lb~ cA I"i D!r,~ Th.ood~l"toJ:R.1!:tu:~ who w;::u ~ .,;w~ ~rif.~ 0)1~ "1""1):; .'l",(.f"':r'ip~F • ':':""y(i-; .,&!~~; ..:c £<. l'kTi~ ·Bpi1~~ d~ ~e Kil..i:ira1~" R{, mgt (r9'I'i1>, [h ...... , ~I-<!. Th~ ~~iioo !U!;91in;H;IT W JII1"ED1 i. JjII",IJ.'d: \\"o!! '1= rll~l-.I:II~'....-.:I!Illr;t ~t I~mllio' 'but ~ ~II:II~G"'I b~ .iI~otcr:r· ;;uo;" Ti::ililil. aC'l'!b.Xb"hr: <,,,r.at5d~, ~ ..... .l,en: he die:! ~1!Ul'~ :!'.JUlIC .. ddklJlw dt~"'" lib:: :III-"U"I no!: alse ;!iL="1Iobl~ Tui:!101- ~11! !"t:m. ~. caup~ ·~r 1t;!l~t:I .... uiI .:.;;Jb "t:'locOOQrm n, ~;. ~ Th, ~~ (.,.t), ]:~at!JiI Tz-!"J~ l?p~ (Tl.luini!.t:."1 J%~l. !p, :;S, j\nt>tllC:t' kliB of di~ 'l;t;"ltl!Chv1. 'Thl:~pbrlzikLI)l! I;:t C;,~rjDS ~~n:w!!ci'I!o:I ~ ~ I!"i!~~ "~~~ 00 1M 'w.«I' {y.~1.WI.~1 -rl,.,";'laro:: (rG~ L~ij, ~I . .:[g;;:o.,. ;1, I:c<let appPrillri~K riff" ",mrill !!l1ild.. i~ ,i. 9"i!!r. p::a:iJbl.o!: r"hat ih5t.

"11~ ..... _,~11.I!t £i.iO:!l ;:{c~ =II P.im-tr_ _

l';. k1!J1:r (I-l'U:iD! Ix~"" Ih.e- C.'liPOOr> 'Tal:s- ~i.';: 1":otr lIi'a"i'r '""~ .J'il"~~ (Ii"n:;>:I~. eop. ell;.,

"P' ~~l), I;;;..;t rh~r idt;"!lil(J' ~ 1IdDm-m..

;3~. I A ~1I!ol] of"" e.c:t'iIiiD G:u,"!iId.lkilnI'".i,,[d (odila:1 b.y L~IJ~lIr, £i"ul(u rulliJuu, I'" "l~j. Il!!L 660)

porob~'My b;.1t"l1!.g:i b 11i·en. ,

~ Th(: ;111lxmi'i~ l.i; d~1 I1um Lwo 1;-t~lIiii! MIi!IIS:i"bLy 11111"'..., t.:f z.oe 'MIld Ihrr tTII:o'h"Jid"

Ii1\Jb10i111:.iI "b:f G. r::!lib.I'Ql1i, 'C£'Illlfwli:lllli ~ooi.d!l ...:I~r'~ :;O;11~1c:u", ~ffi ,y.!./' /lm!l*..ti • .'I'J lI:i-' U' ""i ~i, .:lni!: nlr. Jj"'".,ao:))r]li, ~, ;li _'l:I!'NI~ IIlQ"'r.., .il.;,~iV i~!f',h, -Ii. (~949l- ~s::;-45., TI:'.<:)'" B3"o!!: :ili;o i];j :f,.. Pr.pmJ.t;IIU:IIioo, :~-Iilc.o&r {,mf~ (Qd=l, L!J"'~~' l'1"- ~loolI: ~nJ:!. :f,'I:,-'!i. CI': ~'b.J'III!

N ~J 11. I.·em ht;r ~'t1I.:Z1H'y,yi ,.,

,of .::I""~ ""t""'~.11- 9 .... "'~ • .Ffop;iilo;t) ~ "'f~~ ;\f~·w.....! 1"'-

Thlllk"gluE'l" I;Ir~iJII! IFILl' 11Il.~a ~~ rhe ml!lt"r un;:",UI:mi:intv! n.....,'b..;; ~!!iIl:tru""IHI" ~

PART III

THE NAME OF DOUKAS iN OTHER li'AM I LIE S

In th~.!i JWi p£nU1l:5. 'I/I.'hD lV!.V(i ~m>c: [he name o_f n:mk.':;;~ >i:Lth{:~ :.!:.'j. tbrir alii known runli3ltlc tilt as .9.1.l _9:.Lkm!ll~T~ one Dr C'i.'eJ!I ItL.ot:lltripounJ {OITI1J M\le- b~ _g:rQUped ~~Ldt:l' tlK: (RmJl~ to w!}loch t~jI .:l:ppropl'Ja'i.e.t~· be-1m'g., 8E1D1"lc" i"i1!J,te:r.~. :sudL f;jJ~he;> hl!."~. been ~.iI&l!d, M!!!I],¥ 0:1 them :U!! oul)' F~,recS{:rl"b!ld by a. ~j .. I~ name ..... h.lr-l: other.:: I~rtlll:lo!: 'mQ~ !In;lln, tw~tf·. 'iNbe.reI,'D' PI;l5;,';1 ble, an ::li!"~' ~;"I~ been 1!J:l..:I-: ho ,p-'"p[".n, th~ ;LPJ"l'-,U,ULof:I: Qr rilo(: narn~ of Doul:!'1s in !}.~~ f~Dli~ X~I=-; !c ~y, the dL~ ~antlLI1I~Ilhl;l"('! .m"(: but &I il"r3iell.lm of [jl~ VoIlry g.~~ nWD~ .af :I!:~"Z.a.nLuk!l. who ;adcp~ 3;,~d m~ ·tm~ DaD)!:: [Jf J)ou1'-!~ Wi,1l'It 't],~ publreaU!iti. .:If M ..... docUml!lLI::!l, ~f1I~r""'1~~, l";~i"!~~ and a1J~e:I' !"lI;iIUa::s. U1;P; I'~:]~t Jl'F(rS(IpDg;i"apb.y wLI1 d.crub~~ be rurLbe~i.l~Llmiilt-!\t~.

The in(roolJcrory Linea [0 C'3Iclt fa!i~"I.iI~·, ~:!1'I111: .N them q1li~t!::!I:-tJiet: ::U"Ul~ f.1!1" riTl)ru .arI~IJa~I!", iL.,.'L'C beeru. w"riCkliI aol~L~ [(I ;a£flllaiut ~~tr:: r-e:!IId~ \~iu~ I·h\,: falilily bad~111l:1I fro:'rIJ far .1S it relares to the ][)Oi.JW f"ul'li&" W1Jtb tbi:3; l~l. "de\\' Ot:i;;~~al P:rXlUlPOV"'p~I.iI:O!iL inro;rm;!,"tt.:m E1a~ beau a.ddl!il. r!1 ~ftc ab!>CI~.oc ""r TTIlD'l'<: S)'~m~. auc l~lJliL\~nl uf ll~1;. -majority of ili-c f8lI"D.aLilZ:; t:l;lmol.ll!Jltocd, thi::3 m;l:;' I;.~ ofoo.Jm~ 'lm: 1'!1oogh it is. [IOtt::l.i~rJlr j~,;-.(!>Jllplcte-. Only pCl:!"ilJm; whG are -cal~d. Oo"Wkfii E:ry tlH; M'lITT'::; Il.','I!e bull nl~dud~ here, '111i!l has fir r.Q;Ill"Se i~~ {l.isall\\al'l~~. h ru~aM tlnl tin.:? :J. diff-fIT:lll ~I"'J1al1TI\.': ;!' artaehed !t) ~].~k ·chiJdJ:enJ bn1~I1~t1i. GI ~"iI'li:It j:!&J'f:IL"I.s., ~~ have to 00 (I1nil!~ from COt1Sid..era!ion. nut [he ll!Ltl#TVLl,t~ve WQI.lW baNe OOL"tI. bl,!.>~ the OOIJip~ !:.If 11t15 studv whkl, ~£' only ":O~Erru!rl ...... ith dte pl"l""l5(l~ph]o' cf thl; Douk::al_

.... "DRIJLl'i1a~

~' p~.~ D.oukh Adri~ ~ Twa dlJt:utn.m~ d J .... ly .:M-9 arc ~fP'Cd by ",111 """'l""'n:..I ~,...,,, 1 ( ...... ,\(0'.1 ..... ,'1') 1P~"lf~ D"..,br. Adri",r..Il<:l.' 'J'I:.c:r (>I):f1ccrlJ 110 ..1U.fOUII; between INuLIVf.L'L :\!I;;tnll];' n lu:I UIooE mQ:ITI;"I!!.teT~' flf Xerrrpn1$P1Ktu oUvt:r lin erut~ in :M:ft~ofliii. Petro! l!I~ I;() bn.'le b~1:11 3. Ih'1I:ikru="lrl fOT M j_,; r,allll:=d e !"lyo ... l...,.,acJ"iJ~,J· ",mlll.'!: had. 01111) been ClJ"ta.i.t:d .,,',., in~ br tile I::JCpl!rnl", One 4Jd" ehe dO~UIfI;:;1li1!< rI~r.ri~. him ;"IS:Ii fl!'b.li ... ·" cf ~'"hil;pp[l, .'~nLtta-I ;zIl1d 1'hi~ JT"I~~' :&~unt ri:lil" Lilt· [1~l'"Il'C ofDflLllkas, 1:!ilon1J:: b.l" him, ..... hich eGllh:l. ha~ ~~Iffi ~ DI~ In· the

{lLmil~' or ;'~.D1.. .

AGALLON

TI1.C i\f.""ilk!ru:s \">'i:~ -II. f~mil:r aCtLi'/oii ullrJrll! rhe l2l:Sl fI~riod ef 'l!r1;Z&.llti.u..ul'i!i ~is~J::J1.t:~_ Tbt 1I.:.'1~1l1.: {'.AlI£ViwlI anel 1m", ''oc,III}'JI" fi1.rm 'A~q}p62iibLyd~~L\,e:s {1TOJn the verb 'Ly,r;u ..... (00 itLOO(!lJf, "kI glcrl:ify)" S~\IlI:-ul Jt'lC"rlll~r:o; Ilf t:t...:: :h{lme: n.'~ lm.ffi\'tL: Kc.J1.:::!iHfI!~1D1:'.!: Ai§a.l~t ln c, l2~CI: _\{;u'JlleL Aplll'ffi t .. 13JIl'J5- C-tilif~OO ~lIDL'lin .,.. 1<1>OO.~ 5Qm:~t~~ -1!Jfie>r 1 Q4'1 Ionnnes Atl!lYJ.opmiJoo Wfll- !:i!!WL to ha vi!! ~l.!j U FlbJl ;!lnlJ:Hifl:' rj ~I.e-J"!. j\ gal L.oot (' A ~ Wi'll! "f ~ I) of'" fJ 111 ci aJ!:" u) .. t :N i Iom!ao.s J!ki.u]iQb!::5 1'\g.'UOO k RoUes-ted both !IS <1. scribe .""ind ~~ ~cli1i1N ~'ritu (If Mm~ In LH1.a (.'b1arul !::Id.,IOE:r rdb'l:.Iil.'Xii i,1j wc;p~tili~d Agilillto.ll£J Jilt" fruall tb!: .lhurL~t:1l1lL ICentlllty, An l\.g}LLlOii (~~) ..... ru; !tlITlollTlgthl:: .-m:l\PJJ.5 i:)r Qr..ru;11lIJ1rL1m:rpl~, .. , ... 11IQ .... -e~ .1.rr~>erl m1 ~ J:!'.E.t:!;.tIlIul.:r 13' I.~ .. \:JwUi.iO': i\ga.llim i!! mentiened in .f!, letter (if }..{~:aU)~1 Raoul to lAII~Il.''';''; .Mi!'!I)!I(.1I..i!~ (I ~Gf~.')l Au. UmkillOWlL I'i.".tiri'.:~ of ~bl:: ~!liIiJii~ p~ ;zId;;l~d a l .. mer ro ali i\g&JOOn,'1 'Of OO1!T~ ~II~ ];u;tno::feFoP.IlIr.~ do na\ tl~rij~· iDlpL'Y r.h.ro~ difr~~.,t fll!.l'3cm~; i:Olt<t r.lf i.COI:>:; !):f [bern may RppL~' '00 a member ot ~&.~ []!lub.:a.i.Agalkm~ mentiened b~·.

A br",.,t:ilL ·l1r tll~' fa.FiLiiy i5t:rl~ ;u; ~)[jIJbU.~Uo.llt~ floo'l"i::3hcd ir:J. tl~· fulLT1l';(mftb !!@jllllllJ"}'t In>ut wh~t il; .krrow,1fI (If ~bell) dl[!ri .. ~ ~~I~I~' lirntl] dLl'il: will of laiJ.l.h)~ L"1!I;k'!I!-L~K.z."~pb~'I'O:3, 9.liI .jIcti'i!~ nnianb! [jf 'i.l1Ci ~ilru:;,'1i \"r.H'(:T) in ] ~1itLlt L'1iI Y'=IIok;: !::I~L ~ Jlli~V [#18. Onr.: ..:amlC[ 'i:clJ hCM the lII<'ime. .ntJ.~uk::. p~ ifLio tlN: f(l...m~y.

I dew.: &1 K~r.t¢t~"iAl, pp. "'9J"""&. ;11"",., fl. 1"94-

J ...:iF "'""iW ~ ~.I"'m'~ .....; .;"rl' .,',ilI ... ,JI~ . ...u ~1!.1;;; "'~"iM.~ ",("p ""Jill' ~ '..R~, "f'K'I"'~ « o!} ..... ~ ni~ ~Sol:. ~1flr,,1), i~., p. ~!?],. The -dur'Ul1u:.I,.[:Ij ~I~D!: LI!.J. •. ['bjll~ .-Ir&I1l"i"TI~ .~ -Ii ~1'!:ihu,", oJ ~~1riL4 AiiI.ii!:S ;m.iI the I'!'lrr .. r Ib= !fI~:C:~ 1«1l!.blld of K(o .... ~~t~··

l· .:..111, I';. p. :.:ii~,

~ ~EI r!~I. •. ddu dt. fu1l=f..,...", 1' . .s7- ~ j'\.c1 M, II!, p.. 41,6,

, F Puehs Diio ~'iiri Gdul!oll"""" r.~w..tril~ Ii'll ,~1iI~1'tn {lk: r.li ". I [1~\, 'P. 71,

• Sp. 'Ii'- [~';II~i"6. ' 1'l""'io1'Jui...,.. ,.~. ;ij11i. ~~ -& ... , . ....".;1, 1'fj{-~ 1"'ar.LlI' .,.: .. ,,,,, ."... ..lrl, :r::.~"",~Loll·. ;W-:, oj. ~ 1:11111), ~I;I~,=,; 1:'_ .Wer.l~, '~JIJIF ~r.'11 .6 (j:~ ~.t b rtor~!1.I:';;: ji.JJidl"ll~ .a·.Ar.i1t';IIII..:: ] ~l', J.~ri<li Ltui:; ~Il' (11111:;:11:'""'.1, 19t1l), p. :,:II ~; 'I}. . .f'i. :l~L:r~'!IlIl!.u.

I~ ~~F-"': dr .~",rtt.11 !"Uhl:D:ll, L9~::J), P. I ~t),

I ~, 1'. n.l"lmproro: :IILd K. L i".In;'i"~'" ~ .... 1I:'po .. ...,[ [.Mh,:,', ~~~), r· fh.

,i E-l..~ J- ~I ... rl~, ·lllLm~I1I.;<,I~. It!ioIL.i!Jilrillllu ;';J1'; .Fi~.!tl·, 'J\> (ll1!'1fil, I~, _, _,

" ~. 1'", 1 :iID]lrD!,; , .f{"'r~ ..,;:., .........sl'>tl;!~ ~'~h.il A(l{...:u, _auu.~""Jr ~ .. T'I' .fi'IJ",., ,..,

pB.~. (l~i.I, ~~J;I, -..".._ .r .... ·~r.:um.t CIIIf..-w

" J]"llllilGT~f1I1if ,J[~ 'ih!: 111:1<1 '~'1 ~ fuo..:.nd m '1\,-.1. l""'I!.<'rLl, ....... N'JJ'<'. ''''''~.. F

(V'['IIIU!Il, l~). p. ~ i, ,,_!I.

t;

Tlt8 HILM ~ CI r DO U:lU .. 3 1 ~ ClTR lUt J,t ..... i'iIlL 1 It; S

*' Ib;h.tiiL [)ouD.in. Agall~ ~ Sll(t Wlill a :w1>er 00' ],D[Ll1ri _ ~ _

~Q$ and lr.~ if!. O:l[lst&n~i!1"T1A:: i1. [jSS. K2I~Qph~roo b~LI!!?I~ ',L _ ~ti Ii"iI'I!! b1mdR'Ii 'u~rti.n. ,,11..:. .,j,:; C:ipr<>' [.,..,..,l1"li tl~~ .. =fill"" """ hi:J "=I~;"~ - fi IA} her'Ibis rom 'WAS '0 b-e giW!n [0 E.MOlI:t:L «d.Oll~L':'C Efw::ikw. ])u(:bi~ :I.~ 0,] 11,["I..!_.

ht-;;'1i:'ll11r ....

:wKCri dkli l~twG') 011 D:tJLdLtio'P thr!lt :J~ d[.jl,l.jbLitt:d r:a'rt of j1 to 'Lh~ ~ -~

poor mauves,l E.udok!" [1]~L l1l!'1'L'e inh~l"in",tl L~ narn~ of DOwJ,;~-A I::!I~I:-'; fJ'lDm her husbnnd W'1~1) Ii5 l~'''1o.'J' heard nf, .1lLI:, liarl a .:Ion lq.:LI1'llle"::: :oj.:). [i:i IL

# JI'!II.DIIU"~ Do~1l5 A~;illoa: IO~I11Tilr.;:o: i~ ,tl-r~ 41n!f known -"WI. of EtJrki~ 3)' Tb~ beq_11e;! Jnad'C tQ 1m lDlOtber HI th~ win Qf K:LiQ'pherm ...... IM- ~o pa.<.s ~[)o him tin me !':.;m~ [erm'. :lIft~- lscr deaih ('~t ~m mmti:rn.i"f.i5ilJ~ dcr -

F,'''i:1 • L"· ..;1_. d ,--__' _ ~l~ oJl ~y~ .. , ~LI!L~gerrtI1 ~li<anll~!:ruT'l e~~ Qn:J.l1~1 :;:Lm.o duramib.:w; ~ddiLibll!:

prttllctJs -comlll!lJolollimm l)LI~L AsaJD~ 'ffiOO dom'~ B&3wbic l~tlll)r:r ••. '),~ JJOO.LllI.ei>, nlsn s!:1tJw:. [D be T'T1iP.1'11Jerrr£d gim-pl~' !II!. ' Ay~)j)..w!," in;R .caliJ.pll~ of umr:re r;d" Dc.m-ctl1r:k'i J:{r~ClL~e:; [D K!IoLoph~1 (1 ::r17-812:) ,J

In t~ ~llI~~ ..... :iJL an. alr-cadr dr;~~~:d ATIlr:l:ronik03 Ag"",u.on iil I!'lifr:;rr~d to, I~ had rm ,11~tlur;ak oon b~obi::r!; wk~ wa.!: ro !,r!(l~"'f" 21 I!:illqL!i!!jt ,cf' mr.e :lrrunl[l~ ~n.n~ • .ot TiI~ ~lI:r~ctian _of th~ Andr<!oJli~ \'!Ji[h E.1.IIooki.:a':o; lIi~mitl lema.i~ 1.u.,:;pt:LlfLEd; L1 .L!: utlli.l:.eLV tbil.'t lw 'INa!!: 'am)!J-a~ir ~r.I, iI1Fb~t'lL He ~::r;rI,JJd hl\l"'~' b~~11i her nllJ.!:hlLlL~·~ iM1otl:icr 1M cvero her !'!If.'iba,nd hiDnr~.If.

AJitIt 0 POL IYE.5

... t:.l1:(1 PD L 1 ']' I!:!I as

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Thi!; lIL!lb~ljlfLtiofi. !Jw.1J'lrl be 001~1~ ...... ~I~ ;r, T1rr,.ti~ !:mInd in [h~ li'nLo; !:od~ (lr !)ui.ila::: wbior::h m~ti!:rru: '11k fltll.!Jlr.dti.fioll -of ebe convent of Moogoulil)T1,l bnt 11L3Al.~ it clear tb3l[ 1:b'C or::igin..11 :;::rmn.L1 dr.wrdr. 1~;uL b~E[1, IrulLt ,iar 1261 I!r}" lb~ fl!.tb~r-~tL-]aw of th-r.: 111l1J1.'W~~ 'iiWDI~,I' o.F Hu: :rII13ot:luroript (~~ ~ ~ Ulk>u"~ 7WJ, M~~~~ ~~ TNI~ "",i! ':T~,..~il j!l£iL'} .. 'rile;.!! 'lWD IIditrt:r~ [I) the wellklWll,j1li r:m"L",CiIlIt hl;l:1,o~ ~ '-!1 !.Ilill id!liintiJwa'liOI) of iJh.c: Gwn~'" oIl.f th~ manuscript a!5 iL: bl~L.1'1t GiOOoTlt~ i\}:mpoli~r:s wtr"J~p. wiG!! M.ull!I. :o.ool:aina Abopo3iti~'t is thJ)IlJl:n'l I!i:io bc,~ 1m!; :lIppeo:rn: p~~bk., but fhe ~Imp~;mr. Ik:r!!. ~l J)r.lllkaj 7 3~ !!!r brntlt~[" tl[ Ieaunes In n,11!l1~ ?!i', 'INa.!: hm fact me f~th~-" of i'!,.:1'.,.ri;;V

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J!:,r;.IlJl:I!.aJ. [I:rakes hul.5D3 Dr)LlkaS a ml'!l~r;,:rmd I!IllclE: d M~I:J~~I VI L I 1 ¢; 3r.tL!rally I~nk.'1JS ..... = th'r; gT';l'lliifolldL'l!r. L'!r ~b3l[ (;mp!::("(IoJ"'~ .""ite Theedora u.~ Hadi Aiumpil'l~tr:::s m~["r.I~L <a i!l!augl~rer of 1 ::"1l.,].;M '1J, hi!' wmrlrl !h:l1 ... e bC!::JL, p~rl!l"~1 r:lP!~:J.ti'"':&l ;~r.r ulli:[(; of ;"iir.h2le~ 'in!]' 14'2 !lind 11'1"'~, a ~.til!' Jr..l: 11 I!:JI:plLdtLy de!=cril::rtd,':' .\~'TI1ing' ~b3ir:. M!IIrin, DrnLk::!;bNl. !\.krOl!lolirtz.a 'III!':lI~ the ..... iI~ Ql'GeC~03~ ns n d!J~~ re-3ati'l,le of Milr:ba;d VIII 1'1:1, <ni!! oW'IJ..1tl have inhr:Ei:b;rl t'lU! ,cllit:i!lf" of :I 1:.ml:m ~Hh~ frml1. Ih.: P(l.l9,'ilil~Cl.i, Ocr. Il~aEiL !lre }3a'tat=.i, 'Tile ~O'rrd l1Ji;bema[i~e l'Iln.y bE dle: J:ll(I-:rc pm!i(!ibk. M3iri!l: OlI'Illd ]~::r.1,!':: 'bCefl n;i;:,t!!d to l!.<it:~l:.'iJ:i~ DD1)kIr::: 73 bl!it net .;u; bL~ ,r:'I3rL1[i;Mc-r i tW!:l IlOllli]d~r:r or: b~i1ll6 7J sre ~l ~ Ia!'lonlle:: 'Ll~ fMh~ JTlilbrldor,1, 74 w1lrb rlii:d }.fQ~m~ :lind. floes not :l~'[" to ha .. ,~ lill tI,hc;r ch~lrln::ILJ!l and thr~ .r~ 'rP"-rJ:.J i'~patn;r~.,J.:''IJ"I whfl could blli~L.., hii'i!e 'b~r:m LbC' mothr:.r J M3Irilll, StilL 1!:f121kiol- n 1~.:Ji:f ])8,'I,'C ~rl: ~~ dl.:ikli'm, RrmL i1!IL uub~H!J croon O'r d;Ln~~br:~ of" bis ol;rnLld. have beo.'lmr:. ~~ p.il«n~:iu-ll1.'W .M G~giL:ls AkfOpO!1~~ aud ~l!1e ~mlldL:~ of the. origihlM dr,Uroilli IfIf

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111.'1: Aagcloi, ;::'[1, irlOOO1.3piA::L10Ll§. r..''II1ily origin!'l!lly frotrl F'hil~d'flp'hilL In ,\.ria MitllClL·. nwuel UH:iTr,.;1.pid !l!:'Ichi, ;uli....aJoceCUlllt. It!' ~hll! L"UI1.!:r 'II[]I!.)tpet~f:d tllIIIrl iase .0:[ tirl!h' kin~m~n K.r.tII!:i.;!I,ntiil'OO to "l1eod(l~.i1, the ~llJ'!In.~t d"~'ghtell' ",r AI =i os [ K[][I~tlel!rr..::; uuil 'Eirel1;p' ] k1~I}ai.1ta ~U_ TIli.!: WlL\OI~ .n:il!;liI[ ba",~ buill liIist;L5:1'ffl~IL ro ·tln~ ~peri.,J OI'II!IEJ!.:t- It!:: [ine,111:C' ru:1,I'(:r1'MI~ p~r,d ,;j~i~nt ellrtWSlL ID prudLiIU! !h~ m1~rw.E. (tnJ~ 11>:1 P;u'[kIll12l1' ~[ to tbcir ]1.OOf.(:') II!; ..... ~13 ;J.:; ",~:t8lblhk'".g QI1~ .r,J' Llos W':Lltd'l.e::l in E.pin'~ wl1~ ~t ~hlt:.w!!d Iud!, 'W1[b the p;.:t~IJW.:; !&~ewtiflnL Qf the nll~ !;if T!1~bru...IL..:II~ ::.'I], dle IrIwt d)"":..mi..:: .:If 0111. uus: d,csocnrl&l!l~b- Qfthe Ki'lrn;[1I::J~_!

K[]H~t&ntUnry; _am;.:;cloo :o.nd ~rh~r.II:l[]ta KI:iI~IJI!i:I~~. married in I ~ ~(JII ~~, bcc3m~ t'b.~ 'p1!.'!'eI1li:J: !::If [:aUT ~(lI'1!: anel th[it.t daughob!:r.i,} 1Ltl~t !:.\\'() or ..... 'boon oAicilLl~:f ,3.'iSJI1~ as [fliir dL~Li.11~ti'flf oogrwrn;-:l'I !.blii[' ~ca:litmil~ gB'lLndmm.'lher'::. [&mily i1~1rl':; of [)(I~I.ku .. This need I'II;I!, ~ !JlI.Tpri~, '1"11~ [1.lilaLi! (rif J'\ng.;::li:J~ ;u; a leo:; noble P.lE'ld less si.gnji1I:;~[1{ ""IL"::~ bad to gj~'I! ~'iay krori: ~!l: [ILOO\~ ]l'1 t1:e~:!:iolv;, app~ali.OOl;!l of l)gu~a.:!I aad l!omnl!ll.O!:; witi~ti1 n~i'IT~ll)" lL"<IiI. a grefl1¢T ILflPeo::Jl ro tbe ~~l1,ti.m tIOm[ity I)r '1:11:", [ .... '£:lfIh celllhuy .. T]m:: ..!\:i1gell)'i, :;u i:::: wlill-luwwn, almm;t eease to ~i..o;l:. ';L": a p31OTnilWlI!t :r .. mlly alter ~ 9<11'i., but (lw: 'il<1l1111l; nr n!JU~i ~!Mr ill iIIself i;I~ LU wrWt!~ !OO!TI1plMi.lld. 'ibrrn-<i, ~ on ro '~he: ~~clll. arid IlLter w UL{!' :S~iL!u, rulers or t"ipinl3 :DJKI ~1.',i~ilJL~ :fIJl.'d ~ f~~N't!d tbP.~ up to d!.:; :lm~r,h t:mtlJlji,

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~ He took pru'l illl_ t.lv.: ("=n~ui~L of M~·.rkiJ,;>!':.ph~l.oJl (j·1 76)';' a~ """=U : in QtlKr UnOOnILUa.bIl: .15:pOd1~LQI:B :!IR'Ji~liS:[ ili£ Tu~.Icl_~, In 1.1 n ],; W.::tB OJ, ~[lI::~ !:If the atl~ t.!lilt t.rn- ... ~I~ w Jl(;rll~l~liIl ~Q.. J"-!!;J)I:W ~n almLilIllDl'! '!.Vitl;, ~i BaldI1"1!1 I~r.~ H~ 'i,\FaS an e~t':11!1.y fir Andt'~uikoo ~~Elll:1::; bUl '~!.III;!I Ulrul~~t:~~ in 8.~pWil_'l: ,?,.Prl:~·r,l1t }"lmL ~roJl1l[mtr;,L"m,g the: G~1)' (1 r!lk:).~ ~iwa .afili!!rw.ti.'d_i h~ :;t:ood LTI oUoppDSltlOn ~CI hlLli r"'~nne-_ Consequentfy, 1lJ!; J1..t~ 'l!I1).L12nJt perzi!ol:aui ' and .... -as oornlK'!l~rl 1>1l! reef!: ~~ctber M1h hiE: :>Ci(;l,El,"l' A~ldml"!ilroj, ~t ~uj):

U::J Acre ill Syri~ w,hl!li! 11.01: iLppe.nrn to J~BNe dli~d,R G~tam:I.y b~afe rll}~ ~I!r,;~j: o.[~:;on lSi'l;u':;1;13 {l!2 iS~"pI.crtlbe,r [T3j.}.

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A.J~'OO, sometime bc.tOre 1 ~5a, msrrind Etll"phro:a)"DI.'!' K¥taIlil1Jlljt~ID and became tflc ~tbN of;six rorui--.1mong tru:m:J 13ruik~ IlI. A~~D:3 UI~ and KOIII.!i.[c&mlli1[1;5,"· the oth-c~' games bcil'Jg iUillocrtain or U[d;l1tl)"~n - arld tWI) dall~h~CO" .. ]:;.i~I1~lf nnd -.E.'h~.~j· /'u, (llir aa ut mIL Ix: ast:e,rbd:I1I1~, 11(1r1~ of ~is dt,kI~1lI j,; ~t;I" m~'!·i(!fled as Imving ~h'C' name ofDctuika:L

4;[]' 10:;<'1'i"'(:1I; .l!..lll!JDI~~ looi"uLe::ii, the ,;.cm of l{J;Jnlit.l.ntil1(t! Angelo! Md "TIJeol'li;lr.L K(i .. riin~tle :iJ ;.IIW1'l]'~ 1:.0Il1Jr.1'! T)oo}:lI.::l by the :iOtIfC~1 T11'.: d..iP.;ni1t)' of ~t¢I.'Mt.w w;as 3ippamnt1r Gonfta:tf!:l upon him ;ah6rdy ;]J~r .ha.il&:i._-r, II a;:;f'P,:01I..d~d. tlw. ~h1IO[)e.1 T1.~' t1l1ol~ d rD;mlliCS' bjrlhu. IlJ;lt. kli>l)'Liffi. and the ODII.vEl11io'nn.1 referell't:1! IA!o bim ;1]; .UI 'old mau' ilL I ~ I~.'j,l. rtoes nm hdp 'If.l Ii:t it. 1[1 :!<r.ry ~I::, bu. il8me ~5- mot fCrr the i"ln;l time: on i! Maro;;.h J i66, II] .iUl im~1 cl.r.:t¢uTnenJl:. i 1'>I!1!L ye.a:["1; later I[lilRlI"i~ I}DTWllal~ed O!I ~~r.tlll of th;:- .. rrny~! rhe bMtlc ttf Myt'"iok:~pha!mII! but faiLW low I\l:pd tl~r. ~.J::lju.lr.ll '!!.'~en o.ttl.:acd [I) do Xli ....

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Jm!'l~ DD'1Ik:IIJ3 1",' ii~ ill m~~Ly ri~lgn~tr.r'l ~ 'I')oljJ!iI;R~i and Clr)Ly I";ll"(;))" 3& K~["Io~.' P["ESIJI]lli!ItJ}' aJtel' his OOIOt"latLoo 'l'~ltttdt!ru~ made K.om;1=!UDmI a ~";jia~!.·~'1 and it [l,ppe.u~ 1A:Lt ,It.1:.1"o\1LlI elil!nut~d wiltb th~ Il,(!lmi.,il;tr,1~il)1} (If tru:: .;kl!;~dct of N"'IJF.!i:!ll~ wtu~]~ might h9.'!le b!::"c~ ,~{JLeJ~~d to ~J:: wtoLE GIf E.~["I13. This Olnilld Jt1!.V(: lmit~~ j~kl. dl!: ad .. ·,"c{ i!il' _'\Ittt:ha.~1 if!, ~rnetLm;; ~~ l ~:IP. N"Elieil"th-l;!lo!!:s.s. ~hL:nhIDOO eanWiluer:i ro be :!Io~ivc durrng the- pefWKI. ~JlH;rw!l.rd:; and 'I~ Inlti'[ wi~h fuJ the ]!;I.itt~ ~111 j~, !-'lill ~in.lil: ,i;h~ dl~{}' !:If ..juJlt'~s.J It 1:; flat' }.mown '~l,IhE!thE' 100 left allY ochil.droo,

45,. MieJia.!)l I).n.n~1.~ {l'LiI!lIilll.IilIl!EI,'U!I', Aai~:eloli1); Miclr2id, the crestor (If tl1~ SEF.J3iffiti:;"t ~I!1II~ or.of :ep~ru::;} . .",';Ei.EI Mi]~~im...'i!~ ,;(!oIL nit Inannes ~f1.l ~LHa~!11J' 'th~ Omi,ili, ~(]ul'i:ei!l Jl1Q~tly 1;.1.!.1 him ])~u'1ul$-0 auld also K.oo:ll'Ief10:5 ""'0 A!'It;~I.oi.';; 'IliI1i. year 'Of hi.!: bi.:ridL :is lW'i. kl1.o.W.Ili Cl)(l.n.i:Lt~ ~pl:o"b; ef ~IJCII oJ.j ~UiIS' }'"(jIjjJ]g

. !~

,IllIWl.

.. cr., AL~ .• J.I'- '2"" F'DE" Ibi; lP""':ooO~ ClpedJil1v NK .. I. (I]! , "';I'..J li'Ii" k~1· lJL!:i. Ji'D.l&I~ ~·h~t hI'" ;" i,It:.Mh: . .lIl. wit.:h ;moLbrr KI"I,i,UI .. ,.,IJiJl[;S .DwJ,;~ ,:.Iii:; nwn!!:I:i'i~ by Chlln., :p, ';I~6, ~n~ :!i"'~uL, 'P. 4iD.;].I;], rl1r.,l o!:t:;. ... 'LiW"riil'lllli I..;uk;orri..!l."l! ClliilL=LicP!IJlI~ iDI !nQ ~I ~r I~' A:fJril l~

~ Aanibllkl:il in !hi.!! ,INi:tn I!'i'£'Ilk~ !i4 J,lm iUo {) ~ • ......."Ti>S" .::ia-l"'"ll" ."....,n ~'""""F CIl'o!:ll";,1.!:1., ap.. ai,.:po !Z3} <H'.r@' :Ti:I"'O"""'"i:[:rrIlTW ol~.m~..oo ,ro .. ~I'i].\:-», ")l(f.~J":I." ... ::: .,.....".vi ~~~ (I!! , ~~ +~J .... 1.'\> ~1'1"1'LW . .."... .::iat_ (V;cili"",L:i'. "Ji. elt., p, ~:;;,~) (fr ~ mJ."'''''~~T'§o;; ~ JL"~ ~~ KI."I'-9I'a~F ~ liar .... ,,! (:ibid!., 1" '5:81)_ Ellis bl'01ll,"r Tl-......,loOCd. i!-2 rul!ll'." ~ ~,irc', ~Jn ,12~ ;IJ.1'~~ ",!!I-wr-~""'i! 1"ooo-..ror!"!' ~cJ ""\><,,dI~i! 1!,_'Ir,;,JHI!t~ .... T~"" ~~~,'§ ;LWII ... I1rK_r-- "IIP"'~~ (ib!d, p..~!l6\J, 01', ~tqXJUl~K~F""'=I,'.ti!~~I ... ,p·I2'!l..

l 14:. il:i·~ IQ~~ Cif iJ,r. Pfl~Uo!b Gi;:['!1'"i!I"- U, d1t~ i.,. AjlriIl:lllg, it i! ~.~ ::nJf1.,oL .. n:i .. rIi~ ~[i ..,,~!) K",,~~; IIIX [j: . .A. Ra:ik! :;,:,.,1 !.i.'l. I'.xIB, Ei;....,~Lll T~ r:liLaN "!oli: I~ ~'" v { ..... ehens, l~" ii, i~; d Omoo.", ,~. elt., p,!)3.

.;. A~~., pp, ~j';md !5~; d. Ni~l, OJ;I, ",i!I., (!p. 54 ~mL Ij.'jI i o[;ullhOO, o:p, <[il., P. ~5·

s l'LlroJ:i" p. 6!lo' ,;I" .. 1'3iirl, op, ori~" I"" I~, n, I'~,

M.D:llrorn~' I,CI :U!I o!lgb1NI:it~ .. ~1I>l' o.o::~ 'K<;J;L!iI~ndl1.l)S bUi[l Ie.:.. cl:.urdi .ur !~..c ,~~ Qr

lI:.,Jl'il~I"" ~~r N~lI[;"J~«'I, I:ri 1~~!h9. ~ SJi, l". I~II~I'U,. , 'n j!~ Ea~ ~ .. , ,i~ !l~ ~nll"T'ce.'F-~ Td~ T~ a.:;,. ... .,.:l.W~ 'iIl!I ... t.:.:.",;oo: ~l'a,-#I ,.i~ Kq,"'I.,:w', _VE:,<6 ('909),~ .ACIH"Ing dJl! imcril>l!iniU 0:6 rn.!l ""lie ~ ~I~roe: ,lao! t.,.,..,. ,~i.oh.~ = ..... l,ie.:t. mar ~r 1 ... ~mben: ,t!F Ll,~ Ihul~ LL."'1Iil[f, ~II~,~ ",,,,,UoXIinrr "'''' 1IIuiI!:inI£.J.'l:!1~ EY<onI1~ oiLz,o~"';; KC- ..... - K. Orll,nlM, '1'1 .iJ,:.04 Ii'apl.'w:1,f1l' {.I\I1,~ J'!}zl'J, !!':P. ~~""'I~,

~ F<"I, ,.-e&[~Ci:?l 1.(' IJm ~ ~I~ ,L, .!:i~i~, <1,J;o; lI~i[l~ du D'='<fOKML d'~". l'!FJi,

I ~ ([!ffi9). 12':"'"'li2,.

7 Clum., S'J" 1OO;md ::J.1.t- 1111 ([n~ <;Ir Iill; ~.,., ~rH~ :,l L~IiIl; Dr' ... .,)"10 '~ ~'lkh: .. '!

0JinnJ!.1"'.1'" 1lltX" rur:ro. q'-'!il1dilm ~1I1~1KJ'i'I~"ri!l C~ 1")11.::10:1.', IT. 1', E". I '1'9' 8:t:~'[pJl ,,,1...0,' cQo.1'-lIi~olJ"}' ~un~ ~Ik ijr 1'I<'iJd:."J!:!1 ,.,.. ::..w.llil:i Nr~~l ~r 11'0:: ~.~ 1" .. ml.lllii ]I ;mil ~ I1 t ... r ,,, !li1.Lmrl:: (Ii\(!::.s-) .:{.\I~ti!d; 1'V.FI>r ~13I'1lIZ'~Litlffi(on; '1..;:, lI~i~', Ii'Po ..... ,:1."'"1.

11111 ,11 ;:-':t-"'*.xIp ""J.""~ .'If 11M. oiInl';lI~ tJ.:.m. (i.t ~ oR I"" .. \;"'" 11, b!:: .;~ .. Ilb,i!od[ Mi{ifiJ~,i. ,.::id"",~, ;o.iM, D1o'; p, !J~'1~ d, I7r ~ .n=1h;1'" .h:ummL, ...... is~fd b-t. 11 .... tl.li~ !{I.l'llPC l~i t:btd,. m, Il- m. in ,"J':",lkr brI~ 00 'Mil'l",d ~8, 5!:1'" 1M. :'\L~r'k-l:n.~~. '~'luTiIBkJ: p.'n.'C"IJ .... i1ub[l)',r;]~1MI.!: r;dibj.,.,,', ~i,l; ji'",:l. Vi,:;, /:':'1.,,1 (l~. ·lIiD-Ill ~ LI3Jln"lI-, ''l'm1S m::I ... ·., rp. P$:, ["I, 211; l'li<lul. "'P' 01 .• ilP-' ~2-!:I, "_ ~!!. N'1)'G.6!I.l,dllDJm""'~ loom. 001'1.11'" illl 'B"piru! "'-, ..... ion-:; LLmr~'. (!j" .:I~ .• p, "011,, nDii til ,1"" rol!/ [..,j1J;;, >[in~ ~1"'I,,,,!.I jtyll!l-l'ir.1"fW·M~h~l"'lp~~milllllJ;1. n",,:,· (><'1:: ~bn"(> 111, i.I wlIidi .... ~1~ ,j remkri9:!: (of ~hlZ i;;:m:'k M>JI'jjof.\""r" .... < ... J,",rn:.~. nil: W'~ :Mi~h"d.f!l r,rf~,"" ~~ 11im "" .... ,:; ;i..;.4(I""'j MoIiII'vNu ~.."i nlt"~'" Hi' ,.".:; ~'''J'.¥. "'i' ,'i'o.-.."" r.;ILI

,,;!!)Ll"-, 1-:lM. Ill, po. (i7, . .

., CIv.o:I"I~d;l"tl';'" nil'- ~u,. t'l"- y. >1!1-!1 ~!, I!~II~ him fl.'=-]1rIj,,&,; . .t!.in1il"ri} _\~ ... ok;1l.!'ltJ,"" ~ .'<'L' J...r5~''''''

~;:;P ,,~~X"-¥ 1\l(t ,1'!:'''f'' .... '11]'', .... ~ V.;wiI1~",,~:I. ~h (i1,. I~' ~'i'=" CIT!::" ~, 1'. ~~. [0..','(" ~ '! . .:Ityy.;I,.w¥ •. K~",'~""h ~~ b~ rf,,,;...hel'l: (1.'f!'-:l:;i. mu'J ~ )'j, cJ'tF:! lo.' I<iT'l' _.III~>1y~ .. \n~L.."', N,jl~..:' L !tri."I.,tf:> npr AliJ:ul~115-" ~hc H~"" ",..,;[ LTIlI .. "",nIlJI 1.Li!.!II·(~ rvl'" 1i'Pl': 'JX""'I"i1, "I~",[b :!J;r~ l.u!,."I~ n.:.11I~ ,,, M~boi.d. I ... (I,' .... ~.:... ~."I.IoIItI..i2i~', '!.........."., I" l""'"

Tl;U~; KILIII:J!: 0:11 DOV);; .... :i ur OT Kl!. P.. ~"')II t 1.1 f. ~

~ ~ tM lB.:!it ~'~ of .h8IlIIkio5 IT (! 18.~95) M~~L 'W:::I., ii"t ~ 0 tile theme of Myhl.......a and M~Slfto!.!LdBCtn m Asia M'in'D.J7 ~ ... itll die nM of __ ~ Ml~.~· and ]~-=: hcld t~ ~~l~C L~~t li!11!11,!:T Abioo tv

t~ .!t. ~ an1;l:Cl:dart'i [If ILl~ ~t.'I,~k]un~11Jt ~r'L F.P'Jr~l' m T.ro:;,J. have Jltl)t l

~ sati:d'~lCIril~' 9p131in~: hut 11i~ .tLppG~"'r!ln~ ,in Gr;eox- ill I;&to:: liI!flI'l:I"ru;ltb~ ~ Fourth eru.. ... ,dl:. 'I!.'U m l:~pl.ill~ 'v~thM:LCItn~]!. ad~~nturt'tl.l5 Il;~tLJr'~. Q,nuarr 'tQo v.MI 11:;u; !.:.ti.!l. ~'I':nm~.:: ~m~ru!..:d b),' ~f"]~oh~, !t.~ '~Qt ;~p~r tlut he ~'fi" ildap~ 'Or w.ll:; ~v>!:n the d'gl1lty f,lf &.'i/n.!I~,; ~l\ilnrn.g hu; rule h~ l::pjru:a (120y-t, 1 ~ 15); ueither do th~ Gli'li!e.k !-G1.IIH:es. name h,m as su~b.~' Ind:.=a:d it z.t1!UT1:3 tlu. he ~rr.Lir..l:cl fJam ~s:!il'milLg aJny particular tid.:; dUL"b~1!:" hls te.I~4'e.1r ]"~il{; .1=1:. TIe TJl(lo1 ive'; behind, lind !~~j¢ "'..,'o':;!a'.:L da,ie 6f, ~1~~;h;~I,'!:I'S :U:3:usi''_i:1000,l in: of. I ~! ~.~ aoeording til ;!J uaditien :!'It l3~lf~da ~r:;~t),6 ~re .iltev.-.i,t;:~ 4l~J'S'C!J1;~.

T ..... "(tI seals ot.Mkh~e:l ;!ill'.:': prcscl"'lol:d whii.ch dare f:rom befurc JQ(I._), ?rb~ lx.u. the !~eI1ili;

~poiywpx!. 'W-'w.""l~ il'hl~~ dolj~ -f'rfP

l1Spd.f~ w04-".iil' .!'(][)(!!l~ .ilo.n.:'(!.FIlW ~(f,lH,D"''''~Dv.nll<S! ""~ Iii r.;~iW!."

The- Lifo "f St Theodom t'6z 'GL..im§ 'tm~'I' '£i,{:i:c"h!>ld 19._d m~rr~!XI ;II. bdy 1lr th~ ~Ii!:lisseD~ f.amiLy, and REb::. her d'C5lth be took a ceualu ,of her!; who, had ,I~~~~ly beeeme a 'IilJ!Ww aflOCL" [J[(: ~i(lal(;i.on of h':::I' husband &'i!u;"!;.:':l'I~~m, a loGB.1. SU'i. CI~ot'.9 nl~ ~L'Ury ;_[ lL1l1:. l:iL[LL~Lr t:r,I",r,r:~ ~j; ~rt ]~~1 'bOiRdi OJ] ~, histerical ~Mt ... L, :ll; a aln~r.ruprJ:;'~r'l ,;onru i!1for!'ru U~ tba't Jv1iM2idl. aft,er h~ ~~ 't6 Art.!., m;LrTIl:rl ~h~ Q;;!ll,.!ghter ..n::in E.piro~!! ,nlagJ~21«:io [~ a~l)' cai"" hficlu-r:L .loS; !\efl!U'rud !g. ~ the ialiltN" of thr~ ... ku,J!l]:h~~ - Tl~I:'l;.rli;lT'I, Marla, .unl fI~le IJnn;:Lm~ - Pf'OOObJy a 30(1, Kfln.';l.;::In!ll!.'Oi~1l" Ellnd in addirion an il1egitim:;"l~ IIf.JI'l \1 Lcni!,~1 4JJ.

AN r; 'E-L os

...... ..... 9!!

I((ic ..... ~m.;:.IT''O'' ""JIi~k:> DU"MI:I; r.t~ .... 'iIS til!!! )'O'W~ sen orThe.xt.orot

ou"W. lVIa.l"I~' r to, L nnd IIl1 21 r.~;~n~'~ript l..m~Q(: \~ri~ 0[1 ~ r "" • .._ p

. " ',h" , ,. ~~ "~P,.:%tIUCT l~

]U~ ltll..lll_? 11'; ;!:TL'en m 1 ~ Ierm tC-)'YI'~,>k.I!XIl:~.l A.s a ye.ung !lind UI'i!!lf":rMibl~ m:..n

D~lIA.:U"I05 ,mr~~~I!d. b.~ brother hlal"!l!leli in. Th=~e-.:. in ~"'!'14 ..... iLli tit.; J;1~ ~ dt~p~r/!.5. HI-; ml;:" ~~'L' breuglsr, I.@ nn end btl! 'iii !"l!4G-i b~' ~tR.~ ..... Ixt. ImpL'I~n~~ l:k~~ldn()l'; m tl1~ fmtr~ uf r~r,ntiil.lHi. i.11 B~th>'Di::!l! w."':;:11: he ilpparo!'!otly diLt!d. At leis fall lee t:rmlQ not hrl.'l/e. b~E;lt mueh abcv-=: Lw~1'Y y~l~ I!If ~e.>!I

47· A!ll.ilflliL DaukaiuiJ" A1~lm, i;.;tn .. ed Douk;..in;l,' 'L\'!!,,'; the cML:r .;t:L'Igt1~er 1lf 1rh~n~.:J3 <12.~ [0. or. T.~!24. ~bJ:'; ~r.i;Lr.np.d ~~ep"~t1 :DwlIla.o; .rQ~ tlu:i fLIILLiI[1E kinr, r.l Serbta (r~~ 7--34-) and th~IL' bl:l,I:IJUW ring 1\ilG bi:erL plE:ll!l:'1'E:I;i.' AfiIeT Ult" MLlL of h1~L' husband, l'!&JIlril!Jl sDuj!h1. ['ot[LI~ ;!it [h~~;t",a ml.l!1 ~O\'i:f.I~\cI;:.,llr roetllrn-Mi ro 3erbi:a where she died in ahout [2513, H

48, :Mleh1li1G[ {Ii.o:mn~a5)iD~'§.~ Mkbad fir l!.r";..-u::; W;L~ ;I, 1;...,!;mm ~[1 of Mi..chad I IS, I! pmJ~blr born rn,rririg die ooTfr ~e3iL';3 of his fa~heT'~ rtlI..:. He gffir.:iali:,o berne: th~ 1'1:;"1.m~ ;;:If DQ,J kns , m~~ in the OOll'lpolJlI'1d fonn ~~"'il"k ;j ,,cl"'UIOO$>," bml: Lil:t;: O-1:hl~ ~m~~I:1'; flr h~ Ilq~l~ l~ i~ ~~me:~ rd"~red tl!l a!;

f;,.(hcr tP,'"fI:ill::I,:;1 ... ) Jlmil i~, '4lJl'!!1I175 Iib;'lt h~ had. 'It!;i:;n I'k:!L<:,!~"",l :L. '_~'_"'r, ""t Tr. 1[, ~. ,I~, KtlIl4J),,,tli>.(IoS ceuld ~I!.'I! 00mI ~~..: ,=,"1(( 1n:;~imll.!~ "",,1 ~f" , ... jieh.~i!:i hw. mJcl' lm1.-e CMli ild(ll'(: ,,", ';j r.~:i:'J!1. child..

1"P :tf~1Ia; 01' I)OUKAS 111 O'fltEIfL F .... !iI~~H~S

the ~ !IOU~, fo'ron't after I ~::tn~ until lii!"; ne~i;h, whje~1 ~I)I~ I;Q ~ bI!fOr'I!: kJgtIl!t ~ ~l he dl~~~rl tho!: OL1T.1tT£ ;;)f EPlE"n~ ~ an . • tr1. ~~ tllic:r. In., L:24£h .,~ [tic: Oo:;.M!"~rJ,f !:bl;;! I).fti'O'Lh~. (If" bE.; ~ ~ 49 lO tl1~ grnn~a.u_ght~ flf J]:9.~~tz~1 MI",h.,~1 '\'nI!l bt"IQDured h)'" !lu::

N.iall~aJlf"UO'~[Lh th~d~H~,.,f ik_,~I'. ,." ,

~ afle< his C;5ti1lblL~hmc:nt m Epln:Jl!i~ :,'iIl1cl\i!.e.I IruLr.r:loC. 1'hood.t:.r~

'&:tndip~m1 L6'Z.~ TnI!)' h u d tlll'!:P;; ~U:! N~pJ1iJ.fO~ 'N, In3lt~ jl1, mid De~n:!II!Cio.o:-Mi..rhn.~J 51 and ehree dilotlg3ltllr!':.~ MlCh!llci '1'MB also Ulltd:o.tb~r (If.~ 'llegj - ~t: ~ T.I~o:tdorg.s~ and !I.'oL!:nifl.'t'.l' j:E wM 3ippe:it':!. Iltl h;v!ole; ~Il 1!(i1:':1~ ~~ u(Mr' d~Uthen, TIlt: lifo of St TILt:fnlCira. asC'ri~d ii~ TT1Ii:;stt~~, a l2-d,:." of the r,aJ:llOl:t'CIl~ ~, 1:0 11ull1i~ and she 1;;Ql't..~ hili,,..,,,, ~ilol}l;T:I ~'h:e '[Dath~:r .,r nl::i

b&surd ~[1£.

49- Ni~;~;btlr[]~: H.:.~\'~. t~lt! eldest oo:m, of MidJ.il,,!!~ I/l ElindThtt'ld'M'Sl 1'#.His bhth ean be ~nl~' "'~n:I;~tclr 4,li!l«:d ~o '~ ~ :1:40- .... H~3 ::;D~!:' c''!'i[8Iul dGClm~Ellt tJ.can; JW cigr..l.I.tlJr~'[! iillirl the [gr;:;.'!!k seurees lad ~ atmbutc fiUY if.:.gnrnn~t to rum." Nil:~.Iloro~ m'I~Epjlu::; f['!OO!lJ tlir; d(:3!u, Gfl!Lis fa.tJ~e.r (bf'JOlli:AI.'g;I!.i!i[' 12~$) till bE: elied in e. ['!ol9 e, 1~

ililllu!:m iJ gb'-i~'b!, rend!mlg mIlK: Gp!XK ,'l-'JIPI*"" .fi.r.,;,nV~':: .d~.r",,~ (LCIDr..I,;, "1.·ru~ ~rlr;s', PJI. ~Il, I),,~ "",I,cil!= III~ :so!!:(Im:! ~ ..... 1 IX tl1:!~i Iii) toIL 1li:~''':'II. lL:fl'~~ a~;:;a:h-i;S' Ji>~~r lih:ll, P- +~ ,iI: oi!illlbtful, The, fOrm lif~l]). ~~ ~1'1!....n ~ ~~ !Soe!:f:Iri. ~liKlff.

11'~" I, It- s r i C,,~., I'. pp",pI-flnt'I 7+ 1 "',«,!, tll1i. ~i[_,]" 1::tA.

l w ,\, f;lib.w.y"l',o L X~"lGl '~I_ ,I}',-n~'i1r$~!>I:M;to;'.y.~' ·fC.:.7~':~~Im&w

.,.~ 'f:I''J'[~.J 1J~i".'IC!& ni71"l\eri'="J J, 1Ji1!>1 ~ .... ( I~~, 1;r;lJ'o ~i6- ... I,

'4krt;1l"o 1>',:::3. Gri;1{,. 1', i!, 4'!1i d, onh;;::r.l?(\ft~. i.lI;' p, 2,1, no, l ~9{ii; GlJiUru::td, ... .1;., (fl.,!ri, 7,5.j AL:'1;I11r,].I.;flI!j Path. 'I, Ilio 11J7. Gue;., I, pp, 47. ,~. 5";1'. ~rll 1,1)..

~ 1ilt'~'-nr []~~j'11 IOC~ Ilie wife ... r:kio;s ·M~n:f[oo I1CIn died in (llri.<.= I 6,11: IIoU' tr.J.,,*, ~Ie ~ M. o!.. tirndiu,. "~ .An'<-}" .... o::IaJ.....u:...:: ,.,~ £,...-!I(l1S' !<TIL N ...... ~~ " "JfT~!~Floxi. Xjo>...m, 1 f11j(ii6l. 2 r.[i""9~- ,':=111 (dioil e, I~ ''''!'Irrf,;;~ lilt Ilr'i[](l;; ~ A.l,;h:;';~ '~11U.11II \'iIk!ttr~b,ll,li., ~.-.:J .ncr hi.!! dum me .Iri~;i at 'I"I!.D~ ~~HlliI!: ::!t Omu {d, M.tIN!r\I~, nr,. . .:.it. •• pp. 5~11l-'l1), ..... 'I]~['hcr 1.lIlII:iLDI~ !U.'II!ll'IC' :~ ,"r:IllIw-noo :b:.rl":J!::b" Il, (II. ~I{I" ~ Ji;].'lliiIlJl; l,.,r.c,.~ the ~ "r ,'\Y:;I;i"ll 11;JIJu1 f&~"~ ';"lLj ¥,",'4.~ ~ ;;: ~~~ ,MI~ ;ruJ~" wJr~i't'. 1!'~1 «'=;i'OV;:

9'r..:y,l1"'1 r'l1aoth.-l.:t-&rwr"'~ ~ KI)k"¥)" .

7"'~ 'lrn.!l prolr.lbl!? !I!r chft' .. ~1l.d wa: ~ilIi!!!'1 ,,[ ~hl'; ~'!~I k: .-J ..... I}IJ,~,J:!~ in 1,~5i (.Ak.~, F1i. ]"Ifi ~.-..:I 1..¢!; ~ .• I, p. :::l" wr!:lng:l}- ~~!lI; li:iim M~"!I"'I),

i .JIiWn:"S"I pp, I.,... r.r..d ]("!I. If';1diLo,.I, PJl. Bs.i!sI,.i<"t!i ~ i ~" E, 'MJ'o 47"ru:I 110, .

'. II "i'J""' ... thi:iB .... 1""'" ~t '.n!I oorlUihoo 11"1 e, ]~n Ni~pll= \r.l!, ~IiIL a dli!kl= ~fL. ins ~ 1[fII~ c1~"'J.:","E7il wILl (I ..... 'jo;!~l:.r odl.J!: Ui J;I .. 17ic;.: UD~~ [Do m~!1'}' 'boi!r~ ibe Ij!l!rlnl><'J~ ~ . .... L!ill~rlt-. ~rr1Ji> ~'.I'i" 4iJ .

.. f~l,,:- II,1J'o 200J .~ , o hill'] :10. r: ol'~ '.4)"f.m.:...~ N.~I' 'l!}IG II,,1!: }l1IJI-~;::..al

~~I M·~'h. filII.>!! in a m",IIIl'!l.<d i:n!lcrip1Wi (4, it, Orllll'l!l 'IY J7~1I

.. ~ .... 1"1'Vi' ~1i.1~ r[fl r], I'" 19.) u. ~1""rilIIJoq'il~ioo in ~I:.t I ..... il'lioo ot!r!!ltt' pr~IJL .....ri~.

1I·~;t,~ IniuL li'~ ,d~"J. ~ Or'! ">7.Illlo:t W!:I[f'.i" IliiYre!:lio ill " 1'2~jj.. &~ ror ~mUln.:;::: tI,:,pf, ~ ... ,. Ij,; ik,':",Lfo.'l ..... , [lP- ",.1., 11'-0 ~~ JJ'"I;r."JJI)ul'Ar CI~i' d;,o, f"l;Q;u.iO[t,TI, p_ ]11.11(.1, W: l..ol:m~,

Ilu!!o..:i:ti; 1~~13, I, .. ~fj<. tr<ll:wn'~" i K. Jki!u,,,,Jr", 'T~ .lpi.".or.:: ..... .t.. MHiI!.~,.wW', Ei!:RE:, 1 11,,,'3'1.",_1+1., 1,:ou;I 011'1'0'", ,,11.-:rr1I.:o:"1 I",~ rlilll~~" :to &' .... ~,. II. p.. '2lJ() {:11li'1"n(J~ t'i 1,.11 br tli.1'II>-mm<'tl), ~t.t.:~ I~ .. If"llo!"!'4 nh"'l Ij,~ ;:1 ..... 110:. ~II Ni~p~lq,(lI :, rllI'Qn~i~bllf Ilu[" ..... ,l.w.t:d rnu" 'In~1 Dr 1;:.;;.,r"I:- YJ. N,.w, ;<.!I ~lur"'ld .. llli.l' ,,~ ... i"JI:ILI1ij.1r ~lllJo'dn, roo",,,"'11 ~ "rl'l ~:nlr ~Iaffi ~rl]rt:' [~li!I, and ~I j~IIJ~ 1"''-' ~'ll'1'hlJf''''' """"!~ ;I",u"d ~h:ll tLalo'!. 'r'll.,! 1'\I.lo.-pl1t!r~ d:~I~ llo'!f.:oroll I~ I i3 :01'-'1 I'hlr,...w. 1",("." I ... r,,',1 ~I,~l h I .... "I.I~ I", J I""'IP~ .. htl, :. 1I • .H11oY1t 'Ill' 11U~1" IJclllmr-t1 in 1'2<9'IJ:5-

, j

oOtt lIQ UlLM IN OT n £)1. :r ''')It'L1:1~S @iil1iid~IiIt-:iM:.iCIII~~ Oo~S: D~!riru, lb~ >·IJUTII~L!!:;t :i!:t~ of Micl""_eL

....... "...:.....J"" .... ,._. !U,lI'It to Mkbllll::~ atc~ hL~ '1.dt4!J'"'::I dl::&il·h to l~cl'1our hin}, L }]i:: ba\le! ~Il offlcia)l~ t;,Ll1l;'ol ~!o:M"' ... lll,vu..!::lI "the :rue.kJ\.;z!!:J1.C: .1rl1l(d:1'M1fd is abc attll.;:hed. te him.J III 12 ~a hI!: C31l"1!1i tn Corubauilll)p-Je ;[1\1;1 IiI.UI'iod .AmuI. tilt: dau,gh11£J.' of Mic.h.1.eL VII [; (In [l~i.~ 1;I~';;I.riaft t~ '!Hfi.'I; ~~led ~.+ Ofdus union !wit sons ~~ ~lJrn, Kalu~I~JLur~l- .Ln!j AI)d:I"IOOlLk~, beth: • whom. ~m-m ~h(! name 00 1~,Lli11~~~. s MIC'b~cl l~t;~,C R ~.riXtL" wi tlLe ~~tint:: .:urDf! LT-t 12i!h be fl)!Jgi11: WI.l~1 _u.1l: Br~I.~1m~ flJ~.;1;C5. 3I~~~I1~ ~T[e; of Atljou In Eplrus.,f> uud he- also parl~t;;'pl!l~~d ~dh rhe .i\lE11ru1 UI1 1;30 [ JII !L

I;:ilIlIIpaign ~fIFt doc Tur.k.5.ofMmt~h~~ll A~la M,u(I.r.'. 0 _

H~ wifE Annil. -dil:tl before 129~. and sn [~I£ fu)[.vWLllg '1~""!Ir L';lhc.b;]~ m;lTl"lerl. thi! (r,mtlC" wi& nf LW~~ MUntin i s"~ W;~!l; a ijhul,p'l~[" ~",r- nhe HclIllf:?!rilLi) rul~ Tm~ _1 There ~~em V) have been. or.;hlld~l~ fr~HI Lhi~ ~~;;u-rii:l(ge bUt 1;i1) cl;;:taJ[,; are ~l1oIll'II, In I J04 Mi.cb8,=,1 'L'f,;!3 ~1!~~m~ or- rJ~lI;tb~g- ;lllli;! rogotJ~eT wi~lt hi!.;-wl.OO <IIml .el.llldren W-J..'I U~I~WI1 ineo prison, Iii!; d,,:h l..andJi, whkh had l:1I!;1!'!rI gi'!.'tn [0 him as dowr). hy 1fjcll5ad VIIJ, went to Mkhi1l~l IX <1l5 '!:ompeiU3i'lioo far 1~ LOl2:. (fr his ":":"po::~a[.[l.!, nco ~\!.ia Minm'. His NI)U:5'l: ~~s -lLls-o i!lmiI~Q1kd ;:uld waa ~ te tID:: d~ TiJi:I!IlIl;Jf:::; P.al3iloJo.g.o.s,~ The ye.:lT m bk dC'~""I,th: remains Lillkl:lO"WJl!,!.oJ

r ~_ [,,~. 24l.'1;!J]d 4!-1!J'i C:~" r, ii, ",~,

, lo!..raru... I, po. 2J J ; II, ll> I !lG. ll1~ ~~.illt:: Rmn .dG!Jf, ~rd ~. 100 ;!.~r,o Iikreii oot ;,;;:!1:r I!lo ~ """..:.... ;u; i:h~ ~OOJ" ianpiiD,. ooL o:il"J!ly 10 Midad':s OO_glWlfOOlII,BIrt h.!!"i.! ~Iso o!.alled !I-tQ!1"1uo:nns,. _~.:n.+

J Ciffg., [,. PP- !KI4 f[ 7b- Gir.;<i.* of MLWIl ( v; MJ(l, 00.. K;llQ,rmrot, p. ~&;I) rJurilnL11i.S ilhi!!' r;.rdJ1Ol~o.r Rocr~eI- 00 ::-'lejph.= if,). Tbir; iI1~a1~ i!l,i[l U& ffiIeIiowkh ns .. ,a:,,·rIdII,r'I-l;.. ~\,t 1;';'1r= ~ is ~ i.e I $!I ... O.:rM, ~, pp.. 210 l [) IUxlo .1111 I:~ I~ k .. 1if::: " "~·r!:rcnD:! I;Io ~ ~t.9 7'ljii /V;~fMrj (&HllJl~re, Aatl' til. J:~P'"'1l"1w·, [I. nil- ..... Mi~ l:!L'rul.~!.iI1J IL-.ci in l"19"). lei! K_ 0, :!'-ll!r.t:2im, • 'If ,,",",{If..;. 'E'",TIro.<-En:iI:J;':'-,,-r, ....... l ~~ ~f;.t&!>u:: il~ .. a.~,.', fIi>vr-,o:';' Zp'-"''''~' 3 (1'9~l. ~J. III l f!'\5 an :'I.'u:,.I1 .... i, ... ~!.1~~ is M1fl'l: ;u: a dWECb p~illllB ill ZU!li:nb:'.!'.~ [I.. Si.!ili=t:iS. ~~ ·.ii]"('"~.;k.,lKTii ";:I-'~ ~~ ~A!lI~I!I!', ~~). PoP- US!-3-

• J'xb... I. p. 44t; (keg .• I, p, ~ll"4i cI. 8ll.Jc;'~11<UI~, r:kn,~liItJJfo m .il'lillirori:IJUl, p, ~S', ~D. '1:7; U:J~. &~IkrJ., Ill. p. il • no, :l"OS-;;. (~L!lill:·"!!I, 'P:!IZ"I:o. ,p.. 76... There bi:L.I ~r.. o~i!rrud. ~ 'T>:i.u~ '" ,~ hi f:j< -.:~,,~""' .,.,,~ '!''''''';N~ ~ J.r.1fIl¥ ,;;,1 "':f~ ,k"J.t"'"l~ ..... ,:i.."":'F, ~::l~ -:rat; ~M ~,Jtltu;., edir.ed by :!o.~_ I. (;",t.;.'1l, , "1w.f:...I>!u Jj;' .......... U""'1" ~~~.....",,"".; 'nnT~~ m~"';' oy,p<iI!-j._uJ."fot " ·A~~w. 'E~.)"i",.a~'{i1roP&1, l (191l), JI~-SQ,. ....,h~1 ;J.1I'P'b- the "t.;i.fti~g~ f:.( ,j~h dcJ;:;rIxo t~ ~t.U:.~ IU .:o(,1r;pl'~[Ili5. '""', the bN.1l11!'. qt o.:.'n~Iri<J~-Mid,,",E:I, h1!l1?~~""i~ ~~";IT.I ), ... na's fim eeusirs, n..: ')'~'xbl deeument ~ ,t:.,lctii ~u~"I~bcr t~)'II ~OO tl...., "IH~ .... c :d"~ ~ -"Ii ""P'~, ~ fil~ "\><=,,,a ""~ «:.-110 ... ibJ..l1I ~.6r-~ .. wi. ~~ !lll.Y'ii'A"'t! ~-=1i "iii ~_.k..",,'''W ;fiI, tif f~~ iH'>'~T~ ~6r~", ,m';"';' ol<IJf<ILi ~.;v. ,,~O ~[o~~i-s~1:!t., ~. 1"). ~ ~ .'k'<~~ (ibid_, p. tfi,).

~ .I- ur UrCl': ;a~ ibl!ir ti."I.li"" 'W.: r-u.,~dDll"Io_rI,J ~~iI. tkr P~~"'&1~ JI-P. "2"9-32, 11.OJ, "i-~I.

, I-'uh.., !, ~. ~,12; otr_ D-J" r ;""'~I1~I!H, F.1GJ>.':1W Midzt.i f\J~ i: .. \YJ iI::r ~V~~ (O~mbljd.gc, MML, ImJ.JI, ;:;~J,

.. t.l..-i,. r), r ..... ~J 5· M~il~ MichOl~1 'Ii1"WL ~11 kiilo Mi.!"iI"I~. 01'1':"1001:1 ;wdr!::=iI ~I) hi'l~ .f,[ k1lSt Iwr,l ro!!"u... s.... M« .. i'lli \"lIlnlio!o' f'k:-ilJMU l'!JfI;ltul= (00. M. 'flqJ, 1Ihr:.!lillJ; 1.!%I2~; !JP' -:.:~I}-<),

II! p~( " .. 11, I"" ~J!tt; r.;~E·,' f',;.:JJ';; rio ~J'\h"llCr. &[aJ.h-r. i .... J" :-IIJ-, nil". ~::Ul5.

• I"'.a.d~ iii, l'lt- ~7""'J, 1'1. 1J'''vr. fflVf't-~, J'I. Jlr- 1jI~...(i I, II.OL !MIIio 01111..:1 -l!200!; G, i;),>.InJo

~~~. J"oor I"I.~,~ t1f.1N.f'iMbIitJ ~rll;"" .f1bu., ..... I" 1!Jo:'i.:l.), I'" 100, .

11 tllI".i'1l"!r:r '11~r.:.l( ri}(;~,M(oJF "t~. ~Ml'fU \-11 TIM l1w ..... ,!.$y< .... I" ..... ,~'m~l:r !ltt'l,~h!. [~,r~~~d ,~, dm MK~.......,r 1'1 I],,· r,Jiu,r ,~ "hill>!, (:\j"~I~"i I. p. I"¥J- Ji'c"'IJo.I~Ii"P&"do!, C;"iM/g]lk. &I~~"". I>"-"l~ n'h 17, ........... 1 jUJllt....r n ,wi ~,. .. jIT .. .t I II:,~ Miclm .. 1 ..... UlIltl"! ,! !~·."i ..... IJ' ~"'~ I~Jll:l;-r fir LI." ~ "'111, .M I' l'W'1 f"'.;;W"I'~'lIII, .... 1" .... " iI-!: ~111. JI, .'11.. :.-3'1 '? r. IIhil I'll"" .... irht"" l~h~1 ru. ~1Jj f,l! fm"ry '-''',r.o'!;, 1~"fII- 1.1 II!, 1 .......... r'l IHJI~r'. ,,,,II I,,", 1111 il'llI~unll,,"I, "" 'I') ~I'''' [II Mirlll,~l

A~{jIBLCI~

~- fulUUl~". n.~5. Imnn:ea, 1111:. ~~~i.c ruler of N~ wa:& ~ h;U.13fO, :son of MLCb8C'1 48-1 Tml!! ~~ 0l1"....a'YJ. l:.o"1.n him nr.,l~~ ~~ ....r .. e 'hLm m.n hi~ dignity of .:;I!b4sWkrlJt[l1" ..... bi.d~ he ri:C~ rrom Midi&t!l VIII in e; [~~~.l rt.TfiJm~ f.:!rmb,; ~u~~d :rhet3Id~· a.nd eentrn] G.r~1:1"; rICIlltI c: I-:i!EifI unti] hls dea,t'h wh~n. ol;:Ci.m'i:cl. ::iuDl;e~rnr,:_- pr;dl.:llp. ~hDJ-!!.ly - btfurol: :1 :ti.g.4

1!il'kior to 01 'll!j.9 lLoalllK3 head [l;)aL"H~d ;!; os.!.lghbr.r of T&l'I'in~ a Vlach. -chic[1Ol.ln ill Tb"s:ap.I:y"~ Hi.3 wir~ wh.o is C::'III.eiJ Kqrnrneoe: I)rnlbLicli. oiMiIijliiYC:d tl}l~1 and b§C.1:DlC !" nun with d~1; :rtI;~mll~ ~r HYpool"L{lm~:_t tlhe- beire! hfrn ~E~l r,tIildl:'Cl.: thr- ~, :M.ic.'hael, K!:m!;lan";~!;)~ 5:b 1I.'tIO 'Thl=d~ ..... 00 .... ~n:: l..IHio'!".'.1l by i~;:: :ruLJtE!."[1I.I!~ of 1~1l11~(;Ji.a3, Douw: :a,!rl! .r'i.fl~ t'(;;3p~~~.i,,~Lyr 5!i[l!!l !kiF dl;tl!Ij;]lR[t;fi_1!!

ss- no.J1Il.tII~. Ka~ruu:;lII.oa, DQ:'~I!I;Sii.11I!l1~[lao; ~ .f1 ~Qll J Ni~pOIKt«l!- ~!l1 \,lllao-rl. he ~utX:~d.od. 0Ei.:5- niie-r M E.p1n1~ In e. ]!lDO- :E:hll ~IJI:"Tl.<I!IT!Iie dCot!:; not a.~r !D ha'IC helln preserved ~n the (~k '(rI~[){)l::5' it rna.)' have ~ Knpl-'V'-u'S' .[j .J1l&J:I:~, I~ Wi~h tine g;gnjly tif .:k5/JT!~, Sif.rell Ill!. ~I;rn 'b]," Afi'lliwt"li~JM; IT,l1 m~ nLl~g

~r 12;04 ~d4I :1il1d be °is C~~ll:!.illh· " ....... hl;i~r: ",,",~d E'1IJiri~~m. M!J[To!J'nr 1~ltbcl ""i,.u ....,.. pro!:;Llbl.r burn o~mnmuil l"!':1i-u- oo!.'hll II~"J.I:.' :t,~ I~" 'i~'''~ :'" 1:.1i;:0 M IlI<:IEiJ ~hE ~ .... t.o:n Mi,,)-mE.l i"-,"°IHia&.gcs 'Ioo>l.!-:IJUtd,

.,.. WA.vli!: OJ' DO lI'So::AB I Ii OTH ERE' AM i ~,12 ~

he was ~ted by ru~ ~p-l1'eW :lind mCOi'!.~r NlIrob,1j):!; '" , • '")r,IIlll.!

J$t8.1 _

~ ~ 1Kl1.5: bcCrothctE .m Ann.""lt:l"a!l;.!lrol~lI~al' ;t,d9lllghi,[c::r O('"Micb~!:I. 1X..:I'IlI.e ~ was o:::l~bnLtcd 1R ~ 3 [~' lUi!. J:.t.tu;Jillla Wttoo~!. isaue,

M. !CcJ~tinos. Oouk.a.s.: ~,I.r,- W .. U:i 3. ~(I;fL af'!'09lt1lllll!S :FI'I,YltO'71 he ~1tI;~ded JlI!I chI:: ruler of K rop..1=..!: :!IO"rntC~1m1:! liE::Ibt(!: T2:!19." KoJlStarlitll\O.s. WOl8 k'l\61 ... nI DoIJbst' 3.00 ~r1"iOO tlVi: dIgni"LT (If ~i"drN,'s LlttLc ia lYI.t:EI.tiooo:~ .abll1ll[ iki as ~Ttg It! H-op.f, bil. wil<: W;L~ t",:dk:~ Anna ]!.\f<lgi~~~. ~1lI:l. (iii!d iil [3 t~ Mns.(.1.r..tlJID5 bocar.t'I~(; ~M t'1,th~r oDJ'3. sen Iorumes..53 and died m £ )D~.';'

55- looJl[l£:5 • .!....m.gl!'lo:G I::kJlllki:il:!3: I08nne:s. !fi-c lnocffocti'l,'l! L:a.'lt ~r. of NI)!I.. p;,.tr.l..'l_ W::I!I; i:!I. ::;.j;oll of ·K.(I!1~lal"l(jnoo 54 and +re sources speak of bil;[) :a.-; !J..l,,1\as .an4 An~lm.1 Lil:re lib fO!l~lUit' and gr-iLTildf~th~, ~ seems tao ha~'1; ~l1mOO ~f! discir.}" ["if ftfust#c1i)1n ... /, Ieaones WE!.!- 91 Irrl!!!n of f~bl,C natuee ::md ~i!iI7l~ bif, d~;Lin threatened by Llu:: !CtG3iL ·lliIl!.gn!ll~, in £::!i r.5 he mluri.t;tL E.irc:.II~, an ilkgilo~~ d~u~hl= J _"\iLodronilroa ]i, There w~:re I!I.O issue, alia h~ dio1 a.uCr three 1o.E.!..rn ofll'1",rnl!cl.liff, wlL.n young man, 5n r:li ra, L~

s-Ii. 1ofL_j1'r.1~:G D!imk;)5~ Ioannes 'W,,'::i not pfo~rly ,1, ])o1.lb£ IYuil ;1Il1 Omlt.i, bEU\g lim ~ ofGW!.-8lt1lfl.i Ontini, dlOC p-t'I~EII~[1-11re ceunt of Cqtbaila~ia, <l!mri, MELlia., 11M". daljJgi'1~r !!!l Nil«:pha-JO.5- 49 'Of £pkJj~ NC'F.crthcless~ he {;lIiIpJ~ tb~ !iJiIGr(: impre:;~h·e 'IumllW:!1~ oolJaub~ and h!:: is someeimes referred to all SLllcll.1"! $om£; I[::r~ !lIJ'I11"DE l](l~i.;H In calling h.lm ,,"~PTI'.;Ir, l:t ~Jmt· is the: CO!!LliLt; de:api.i~ thl:. fR,~t dJ::Il!' 1l1u: _!!;i!l1IcrlilJ.ueIH Gf Con:;tl!lnt1ncpr!:: had Pllr.ctl;d.y conferred upou b[m ~~e dign.it~, [If dupaf.1L'J lOOlIlJll!:::!:l; :!'I~J:;"r mUIDocriiojI his brother Niftahl:DS in E_ ~ 3-O;:~

• G~ I, 'P, 31:j), j .1:':,,.,10,, IT, :PI~' <Io~MI,

, Gns-, I, 51, tII!i .;1, l";o.r,tUiUI211~, ("~~ ~ ~i::!twfn, p, mg, 1l!J". :91 i 11\. 'W, no, 10, AftEr hm hUlbiu:.il'~ lkl!ll" "\"n'l 1f1""ri",1 l.iJ '''I.,IPikru 'but ili.;d 1111 t:-!,_, Nml~ w;u aJ:!1u~II~ a D~ o-rToIH!m-::J.' (..-::!;; :p.OOVI; p."!Y.'k. ii, ~), ...... ~ made a ~1 r:'"U![; .1, p, J'1 Lh ;mil. "!loW in rum ~~I:«I.~hi.!bI";lIJ""T rl;l.~"'"l1G,::;Qilll:i.'ii:i:-

• r;..cl!,. [I, 1', ;t;:)1, ; i''3I:l·h.,.ll. pp..!lOO ~ !lD4-

~ Op.. r:it I II> ~:l!I, ' Itid..

I Gm,:trr.<or",IL"f:,i", l:..uu"~. (r.ll> ~:tn and as '~,y..... ':"";;raI"S (I, p. ~~~), P.hiJes"WlO':I; ;;'l?O'!m &'i'r.,..;.;<.04w 'A:t"Jo[~1.' T~ i.#I.'1"f1:l.O' O~UL!MIt:p<i:1'~, !l!bil.:ll (Mnrl.ni}, PP- 1"':::-5, [iI!; 8i'

~ (ilq"... I. p.. ~.,~ ""'~";:l tbllt hI;; !Uoo::ooeil . ....;; ... :TjIIly.:iL"iUl'......d. <I'~ITTI;IKj"'<1~ ';i"'.l!~- ,~ ~i~h[;" br:oor lh" lIfICTI r;I "Pbil" d::~rl"r name hill! Il.I .:W.u~Itv. I,:, I :Lir:ICtfI)' iM![ ~rr"'c bee!J oonfirmOO b-f Q,~ ill"ll'"'""ri,,1 ~1l"n:rnmlOOlt.

., ,r;r~ j, H'" 1"~. d K.. }'L Sl31ll1Jn. ~ l~",,"<:.Iim if tlJf;rn!'", t j~ l-rJ8fl (OunEHid~EIa M!I 1I)fH!I J),. 'l!li r"pMo'p~ Gvi~:'- db' J"i>tt,"~, 1'" 4;.!, 00, Jir. I"JIII~ (Mnninil. 1;1, 11t!j, .... fI- th~l hi~ ""';Jc [oJ'!"Q'fL' ;;''''''TL'f<fk..p ... 'n~iH?<r.".J~ iII"h' ~'il'!ll' ~, il!..IOL !~:j ... 1.:.e.rr.w11b 111'''T:~.I<:~ i1 <;rr~ll'" "Oil <1XI'eC1 io ~ OrCit'~~· ~I"ur ~1i;!ib!m~ll~"."

~, ~[~'J r. p. " Ii i-:;.;'lm" I, p. ";'7.;, UM:iI d,~ """~IC r'l'l"m ;:1"af wh::ilill is ob~iQl,;!.ir Ia~n1OQl'

.... n "'r 3~ rhl f,il ~iIJ. ~ I.b~ tdiv..r ~hlnl"', f(hJt!I"lItiOO!!l HElmQn~bJ::s wb110 Ji'tr.:d ~I. ],Ill coU[i;

IIih'f" J .. ...,.".1 rJ,. 'iUllol"r p~l<Ip!lr;ue. Df"tl1e [I..ul

IIJIi~~I!'~ If,,1''-~ 1.,Ij~.v.&:"f"",, 'f......; .......... ml': tll~~

"' .. "* t.::.:.,~ ~t~n"'.J ......

:Xi"" c....rlllAr.'!: .. HIT-f"TVI'I'i;..-..IJII. i..tJ CUlm dt, 'I'~ f~d.. R. L~"IIIII, J'\.IW. ,~), I), :1_ J. Cr'lf,. r. ~.I" :.1; ;!..lui ~?: Ir Pi .... " ....... "l"~tJ, IIml ~57.

'I (~I"(!f. I, Jl. ~tH ~brjl • I. pp. 4m .11r! ¥ .... j~ M.M', r, 1", 11m ~ ffl,i",rrro ~II .!j", (:i .. H. ll.!ool~lI"!LI.n, I';h~ J! ~l" I I !-.!I"., '""I:;!, J'I~':lI, II, r .... :iG.i N. t... iJt.t;"1 • .}}o/,'klth. NIl.2 iI'f.&I"'I'ln.,..L -;trIl¥,lIrll ,.,., ,,;,,..;. p.../;.J~,"I" ~ jr~~ 1/111),1(,; (;,.111.,.,.1. ;:,,p. dL., r- (,.,l,

J

AK~;'1;L.iH W

,"~1"abl·iJt.~d t'1;Jnd:&ll the .L1.I.10- J F,;piTh~ unti] JIll! WI1,;3 in twrl • til ...........

'r - L ~. 1..- ... PQ1Q1 "'] 1m"

u ..... " ~~Lle ,., , ;;:;5· ··r ,,].'. 1iT"I,nTrl"'~" '00 ~"'LT1.:Io, I!. .I""'11:1u,", uf A.11I1.J~

p.fI.1aiologru. tli~ ~[I[L t:lf n.::II~lnl".".is.~h.tt~d .'.iT, 1m ~r.&JII"le. the rllol..M::r of tINo(Io ~til:d~l'1. NIl:~IJbMO'r S.'! ~rUtL fbormuJ...2

[l.1- NijU.'J:!~!l)lOOi~ .D'I!I~~; Nihph.wo:; W".L3 "" son ui 1"';"TLilt:5 S5 nnd bil. wife Annal bfiJlg buru ~n ':;'lIU/-ry,l'l{;::' WEI.!; i!:1'I1001.11y hi!JWn b'y lli.e [1;,.m~ ~I.}.:,lth£.. ~ His bdd lir~ "Wiili "'_ 5t_ll[m~ IJ[lE. ~\ne.;r ~~e e:l!lrl.:r' Iln~I.l.c~~:'SJ,II) !1,·Ll.e:ililplll w:M:q"UJre. ini:1 patl;'"ftlal I[1IUtlUIJ(!L)£ It"L EpIJ'~1 NI~hiMo:a ll,\;:LO, 'made a y.:m,JPhJ'tha::tM. ill 1139~ ;!Ina "W:1.!S wken eo ~~I"i~.n~pLi::, hi 111i!.' ci.\li1, \'1,'8r hte 'IQ!~ 11h F::!.t1rocill.l1!.w K:::;nlakou"'~1)1i ..... h6 afL..!r 11J1~ :I1n.,l 3!Jceru un L::;'l:i' b.(mtrurerl nim ~~.tb iIh-:: d.ign1tY ·of t'I~pal.o!1_~ ~~ 1350 N~1l1"'1'11):; _[(Iffitm:d 1;ne to\'fl1J. 1)1' t"h(: li~H~,]».ikt ;1ml . ..&.ina~, T !;lind in, '1lI;"te r lJ51 .akitlji; ad"'1If1~Rc!:e \;Ir Ih;: "ilIlr·b"ultl.L ,.[(Lk,.1:iOO hll Epirus, 'we:;rul I:!iUiL"t! ;11ld wa.::~ al)'lc !D gain O:ilttrr,.i r,..f ,-.ffilii-!. 11ti5., bOVlo"oi:'/C:r. Jhl noe bs.t [;:)]~!!: aa ~Il lS!)S Ni.ik!:~'!:Iro~ 'W;u:; kill-ed .I1e31: '111~ ... jlJ~~ (IF .i\1:.hekun -wbi I~ 6gi~[iJ~!l: 31gllimt ifhe .:\1bMlii!:!on.5."!

:['11 1.~7 J\.1UW ;:H·I.'fl~d ~h1~ m;~rr.:ia~ I;I,f iXil:~Qoo~ with Maria., tlte dllil1ghte:r. (If r~me::; K3JUa~OI<!:r.or..E1M.1;o Tl~ ~ULT~i:. \1Ia::; nlJt t)f·1J!,1i'l"arll.'iI IJDtiM ro"iTJeQIIJ.(; c:!,ll1r,ing T~41-2:, 1">- 1 lm' LU !I: ~ui~ earLy yc<I.!I"~ there had been Ii 1:MI'fI:; 00- 1IMr.r.y llJD1 1:0 u.Jc; d!1ll1L;~h~er (It t~Ui ~inC(;;i:5. of T'ru~n~l), II. A~r his ~bL'~hm¢l!t in ·~i~. NU"'r.[lb(tfO~ ~)!:~llo.:i1 his ...n!i;:; r!i1li1L lIl;l[".nl.'d Hdi!mG, lli.~ i:Ol:ru:~ ii 11k StL·tian b~.u_ Th~ .5.00po. tilll:.!l::li rDt" pWjtb;~l ~L".:i, Viall'(;ih:;x.tTemIJLV1..mp~l!1'T ~rrri ilXTlii :Nil:~p.lLGJ;(IS [\r.ca!Il-r:d MRlul:a \, ... JI!:lo ~Il tbe m'=tlinnrrti: hI'! ·t.~rJ:l .!'E.C~1i 11~r. he ~rfli:1tiEt MSJiIW!!.l at }''1~~,~ H"aWC;'ileT, b::~1:: ~ returned [.0 .E.pll"1I.lI her ~bz,oo ..... ;1.;; d'Ct~_L2 'Tl1e:i!r "r.1];lrdaBI! reJ1l~i!1~ dui1dkBll md bi;tru. ~el:illila.l!l)· w1iI!'l~. 11.0

A Ji'0 t;_ AUK 0 S

_o\.PRE. NQ S

~A~ (IIIIK! called ~ ~PI~I EU1.d ' • ..f"!'l'P!l.[bsz.~. u., aa i,ti.h;:lbtl;ant (!oj'! Uti:: n:mkiilrj tcwn of A.~- The f..vmty (lftflSlt It;tm~ WLlJo; ;oLlready lIII:d«dcd 'IXIlIOt1g Ii:L:: ~LObl

., . '" '" - ' f A. I e.~

of the EtTlpirE of I" lol;.'U!a IIi. 1 c25a.J ":10:> !1l £1<1tLV4! IJ· . pros, oaJ~!\~ K~r&IL~ ·Ilt

~ of Con;t<l(1,til1l;1fiJ~ ([134-'::'']) is (loct:ls!~l!IIll:t' c1'!~kd ' A'!T~1~:~ .~ ~I~ Af'~[Jos., O.r'll~:k.l1f1Wn first name, was. k1Jioo, Whll~ fig]ltil:iij' 91~i.Jl~ rl!'J:: Bulg;u-:m, leader hl[l,Jlolll, I !!7i·1

From !h.e !J~irl!OErlth ccn.tm)· 1J1'1""';1~;'L J~w fJ~'~f~k :~~ sWlod. Th~'~h[.Ap~~naii' it is D.O.' .:::I~iI" how rhe L13JIl1:: of" lJ:01JJ:~ 'm~~~d I:'ht:: on"Drna'l;a~ of tbe fa.ntil,,/

• .ljthDugb (lI'1C."Lpre:I!'OO C::H~ me ~ampOll.l.1Jd P<Li..aiO:I~-Dou.l:>L!: :~!\d t;(i!J~ bave ~IJ dc::.rend~lIbt ~lfa I!mLoll witha member Q-f tit£; tllcigni:ng ~iol:!, ir is I1IQ['¢ ~e ·t~ nLpPIJ~~ r~L.i.l,t !:h~ f[)olin '[t?)Il~::!Is-.ApL'l,!.Illj~ lJ'1II(:d ita t::.;:i~~eJ!1~1; tG :L =niai~ eoncladed between t.h1~ AP11:1lIJi !l!OO ::1, noble Nieacan f~mlily whieh h..id.ill rn£: meantime employed the name afJJo!.1hta.

~r. IDouka.!iI A:~s:: In. -a a~~al' YP~~. wrktm by Throdorm K<'l~lltJ~ I!iniJ1:>L~ ;oL11Itl [hab.!~ ttl JurI)!;! L285. ,L·mtlTI_g ~b~ ,'ll'irn~es; tl~L~ nn:1:i'ti:: ;zjf 1f1t..J.' l.. _\fm,~:;", ,d' l¥1J.t!<11'~ :r"'{.l illE~ 70tJ rr ~ A:rrp9;l1'1loL? ia ~ncl~Lot.:h:;Q,6 ~ni'Jo!Il is dlbJ,rlOl1fJy.(L (~pnk i') error for. .:(I~~. 'llrl:.; Deukas AJ~'~:!ruJ!;" ~'lIru;p!!cili;il nTI't Dame, mlGbt be :Ma1ill!U:L (j~,

62. Ma4Uel·Doult3l13. A,paa!ii:1::. A ~!o~l)m'l:rLt dated in }'<hy H!~_!I; and ~igmed by the dMiEJriXM rliiil" dJ..a~L!<'~ fA~vwl' .Ma1Rlf'l 8gol~[\Q~ul(ls" 'mJ:ntD M:a.ctutL 3..iILIlI ~f~ll'S 'lJl) htl1l !M 7.,.jj: o!I~~J Tii ""pn'J'i:n~ MI1~ .iyl"!'J ~~.wl' (l;ij),~~;"'i? ~ ~(; 'lMHJ?'~~7(1r.! .4D~ JR.I,ooii.vIZLIi1r~ l'JloI~ • A'I1'P"lI>i:;l~,oII AJt that time; qi1~ G-'J!ruJ: :M.um~ l)Q1.lka.:s Ap~ wa~ :~~ ooi;l'~ whm. ~he rn.onk.s ofl..(:mbfmj!aB..

On~ i,; ~pted iI:o idEmify M~an'l.!cl .o01lI£a~ .Af1l'l!'.i!Io~ wHh :.5. MilinueL ]XH.!Ik;aS .... 'i'lg i':i ;tlro known [rom tbJ:! documenrs of L~fLhil~.i~:~. l"'I~ W.,~ ;1 'we;LI i'by l:~l'Idfru".ll~ 11!1. Asia. MUIt!r, an~ Ibn:;:; of his ]~~~1:v:; ;~n: pre&l:~,~ One of ~~ d i,;-

GI~ ~iJ- ... l ~1;tT,. .. ·I'", .. ~,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ~:Jd U~)~..J......A"'.lI]jI ofIcC'I,"';.:.d ..".1 taln .... n._ beItm -

. ..r·l. ,,:~'.'. L r- _ _.... ~

tr.! [M IlilmUll!iH!:ry ow (;ill1OOU[ma.

6g;. Ao.~:r!lllJrlk(tS no:uilml!! ~r~: ,,[,b~ jI'ro~"nJiII Aodronihs OClubi J\pieTL1:I:3 In.Ed. undet r...1.~c1!:::1~1 ;' [II "Lltd 1t..-.d a C;1,l,Ighk:r ..... he b~t:..'U!)~ th~ dir!:l ...,.;re or tMl!! r;.)!IgN .m;.,U'~ili'l' .M.~hael Ta:rdi"'l'Iei.003 ;1,00 Lloc rno1J1.cr or _Cc

I UI~~

(:ilrICl~ [if Q I7T'I7 (",flJ ,Me,(~ a.. '1.

!lj,,~. Fiblli!pIP!IJIl; D;u;:m'k'[lj::! .A~~l1!:1J'1!: j\ p&1ii.:l.l1~h;'ll dCII::llm~t da~~d j\ugwl [¥'OJ ~~ ~L~mEdwlt~) 31 'S.U~. ~L'i1~J.:#t O'I~'1Iiru.l Pbilill'JK'5 [)irul:;u:: i\pf=~ by .!\mLfl Laal£l1orl1~:~ Ta.g;axma, PbiJip)XloS bll13 1171l1,g .fig-tll 'bwml'O'¢i!. 4-5 b~p~r.3 nn C(liLditU11~ Ill:1:t if he fiillcd to p:f'.r' back h~ debt w:i~hin t\\'1) 't .. ~, ~1I1;t wa!. ro :n'!;I}1J1~«: .bb :r·lslht of pro~OOJ;i (J.]r)-#;:'OJo'}tNes ~.,~ rnlJlWl:~ry rn 'f'h.ooIlol:rr.t; ~ii t,1a:.a~~~'\i- A'jlL'~fliD'.a .\'iilS un!l;b1~ to meet bis abLi[lf.ltiMl, :m.;l M:VCF.:IL y=r.:, ~ l?OlJ J....jl!!k..".i~13. ""ISS 1'C,G!Lllr gr2l1l1.~d t~~ Pl'QijeotiO:IL hi'}' !bffiP. tl1!'f:.:11'm11 hiJai, 'Tll.eir ri'l:cil;iul1 waa L.a;blN' oonnrmP.d ~]i orhees, iltt;lippogOiJ.ul:as Apr'SlI;':; had :::L clau~luer oJ;:j~kd bh;oDln •• ,III ~..,ma ~he :oIl1brn11~«l 1.0 the p30trifl.roth U,:L"t th~ ~!i.)J¢-i-70~ ~LlllfLlJ~' belcm..gor.d. m 'b1:T, g~'!.'li1.a: 'b~ Si'.'E'1 d;~1iy'oo i~kobir."l~ by her p~lJ[eT"1lIaL 8'J:andtEII~~ aml. jJlA':. ..:;ia4ul-l:d that ~O" fktJl.E:r obiIi<ltd nnt ,"00jI:: Lr ~i) ·L<L,kaL'ina. 11~c: piltrbro'h, ]~~"''I!~, i.Jflld.d du:: pn::\Iic.lli. dD!:~ j[l lla~'o!lllr (lr t hu::: lat LeT,

It is ~~WE Ilh£Lt :iii '1:'!l!&:~~U::11 1:6 a W:ievn.Td of ~,. 1.A:m~ Apn!n~ (';~L

• , ' ....,~ ~ ~ A ~ - _, '->1.._

J.l'I',J. T~V ywl.\tas T"..!:i .. li'lll( .... 1£o'1! ~CiI!t;'Q wv "~'!T~'l!-'(l"', ';' io"IHOlH'I! ~S' '!\ti rr:JJIH),_

.J1)u.,;~ ~:il" A 'l'FP'1JI'o!1v) ~. in ! ,~oo !lc:til:liI::; to the ~l1!t PluL,~m.

6!j.. DM"nIl!;~rw5l F&l~~gl.G~!>: IDDII:iktI:.9 /i.[!i~I1!:':; :H'e R~'1'!i i~L ;t dQCILmer.t !:If J'Ll.ru:: l,.fift as a '"litJl~J ·"'~-.::tbcr ~!fllth :~, l.tl~ba.d 5a~.\, ][1 a !t:&.I:::i! uf a ~L"IolY.i'(lC.!' :Demll,!h-i.oo probahly f21Iffie Irotn, o!)]' IL'!.'~d a~, S:fl~;!!.

A R 1.'>:N' I T ES

~8 IfILIlB OF DO UK..U IN (J 'f)f I!= R E' ..... III :tLn':!i

~ .. J)oD1l:as Ariwtil!'B: Miclta.eJ Donkas ArialJitea ..... ib a Jb

.... 1IBI1bo:I~LfUlr" "L",'·."...,.,,,,n,r f'M'h",1"1 .... f ""b~,I.",ru:". wb!J. iii: >nCtLl!.9;T.lC . .,j iJ1 tEle ~I cI ~ Sa:ran.tu.~ (Oi:tobc:t' J J!:!ti)- H~ mani~ ~h~ fI~ly da'ILglu~ or ~ Sa.rantmG!! who died bd"fI~ I.$~I!i.. Th.:ry· had ~I!c~ral 'i:hiJdrel'l_

ASA?\'

The B~'Za.ntiD~ f9.m.iJ)· Dr Asan ar- . .""i.s:Iu.~1!,"; CAw) 'AI[;Inl~) CIIJ:Il~ lTi1~'Q. b~1E1€, 'i!.'.ttb the marriage of the J.5u[garilill tzar I "",m TEl l'&:tR \l,'i!l~ Bloor!.(: ~illi[obgit'l~ ~I~ d.&.ughtu of MichiU:1 V.III h\ I~ ,a.:!. One a-f tlj~iJ' !;):}M. a{]~'l!~ tBl>i: n&Jl'!ri:: nf Doukas Angclos KrrDllleJ'Jo!l. Pa]tj.afl~~. Th~ ~\saI1;!iilJi, 1i'~I!JA:!UlI'~;;' d~'grnli!~ as:

PaLail!llagoi. eentinaed to fi.'ppG:i:r ul}JI.;"t[er I4!J.!J-

6-]. Andronikos DO'I.lJU:I.~An~lQ5 Ko..b:ai~IM:;I:S, FaJaiiDl!eogo51 ~ Pfdle:;: wrotl2 & num~ af:p::w:;:Dl:! for tl~ lnan~ w.homh~ ~:;dl~ by tI:l~ abD"'C aE1"p'~9Ii.itJl".i5..oI Andronilro::i '·'as B. son c.f E.lxEnlr::, ;:Ii dn~gh'OOr [Jf ~.Liohaf'l VJI] I tJ,y her 11iIB.rJ:i;lg~ to the Dulg:rrriRlJ rzar Ivan III A~OO.3 & IJ,\as oorn. iu th~ lase q,u;uter Gf ~&tc th~mtb te.nl:w')' and diOll "d\cr [,3.45- T~~ surnaeue A4,m ia ~'cry frequcldDy iLtL1,!r;hro to himand to ~Us ehlldren •. He Dn'llui£d th~ orhm:gbtu <fIf rM.:k:bacl fJ!) :=.d ~€<I!ri::!l. ljJ' :!lind: Jlad r",,'Il ~~ loa!it'l]~ and M<!.!L'IlIIi1, and a dll!~'ghter E~~I'iI~ ...... :100. ~~ the 'Wife offu!:ul~liI~ V] Kar..t:!IlkomimOO_

158. l[];I!liln~ Pilnrkti.5l A!I::l!I'I! i\ ~eaB h~r~ [hoi:: illl:!ljG:dptro.,~; I.rf'Jwji!iii~ 1I'9p.:r •. yiI~DJ '.f!'.IJJ&:u.IlE.l df,l~~] uv.· , AIl'~.7 TIl(;. word d~ 'i~ net ~ml.:in but 9iFfjl~;!!t'lI qwl)f probable. In lfII~ m ~- malll)' persons ·~H'l:d 'J'~,: '1f~",{~5'.l jl 11; dffiirult te d(;:'re['.m.'~ ·...,,1'10 this ~rtkulat IO'_D1U:8 .Doukas han. k

9s' '[.oaD.i)!!~ DlllI!k;JI~ ~i:.l[];o; 'F'a1;t~Qioge JlI'!O'ui .L-'lI!sik;a,.jiS TW'Ji:hf.;;~'I' P'l!il!anthro~~. A!I:~(;i!il: :HiI; n..'IlL"f w,lillcll .inC'lud~ SCtrt:lJ!: Qf'th.::: most .ii&JlttlW, B~n~n.: ~a.mr:J, ill ~t"V4ld 00. a fifte.:;ruJI.r;en11lirr ikwJ, t1.O\'o' ill tb~ ~l!IlJ;2Iery ~:-.~ S~laiCiI"J n!!a~ 'R.:1]9iln·)'I ..... The letbi:!r.:; JL;I,Q DcCO'J}'W' almest

J

ATRAPES

BALSAMON

TG!j

iii OF I:IQU !{A~ IN OTH.E R F AM,[ t, [8!i;

BATATZF.S

'I1tc: pUM: of &ni:r{1)~ JUJ..a beN!. .s:.pL.s;ined ;aJo; 'b~~lg dl!.J:i'!l~r:1 either trrnm, thl!; wonI 1lO~ (bwh) OT ~ WOJrl jfaJ'iDllo (my-fish).' Tlae &L·t;~tzEili 'III.'E!'e a. dis~ a)"':a..Dctn~ hmJ.'s':: ~~OO t~~L the .I~jJt:c (enth ~~~L~'ry onwMdi ~1,;'J,yo:t aJ1 ~ part in serving the stare, p;trt~ula['L~ In. ~e ;:LrlJ))i,- FTIJoliIl ~"ly tllm:3 d1~ ~' .a.ppe:arS to hn .... ~ been ~:mhl"shi!d 111. Ih.r.:tile i~ ~ven ::tt ~ bl~r ~~i(itl Ieannes HI ,2 \IIJt5 ,;om::! [0 have hl~ tl:!tll~ tu that rcIPDn,~ t'!ul Llll~r.mIlL'.l:m,&,! b!:oo.';:m t'\\'(11 d~t.B.ni l;i"1m!fi.(:S. (If the r;'u:rIIL'ly created the house of ]"j]plGb:Ha~C!; (d". AC'rt~[.[I~~I·), anestcd in the thir~I) . .n[h 1C~I~t1lit'li :!lIL'd, 1~1lCr ILt:ltL still in ~i~I'lL"'t' at CDm.!.m~i;l1cpJc: in the ::;~b~;::fJ~l~ (;~!!II[,)i.S I!i LEI~ 1,!.1~,(:lIfth ~n'~l1'ry tl>r J4ta~ became r>r.b·~etl [0 I[h~ ]!kycL1i1lioi~6 .,nrl ~.],r. oon;:f~ 1x:t:'!.\fC~ 1.h~ 'biro ~.Li(!;!l; eenunued lor OOj'l'l~ tilt'le. ~

ALtbDI!Ig1l1 the emperor '~ILI1I:.."; III.,2 dl.Olie to me th~ FLame Df DfI~tb.~. it iE. (Ioh .... :iD'l!.:S tlsat !ill- patC'oo'r'TTlrW: pmpEi' ·wa:5. B~!!:a!I:2e:3." Dc.~pi~:c the Iact ~h;~e the &i!..il.I2l!L ..... tE'>l!· an ancienr h(l(l.~r::, it !!I; E'ad~1t E'ttUlli3:!t" lh3t il:v;: ClIl'l'p~I:ol)I' hi'JilSCif ignDrnl this ~lLd OLlJy boasted of heing dW)I;ll1.d~ .fmil1l tb~ ~Q~ElTiI~oi i"iOO the Doubi..~ III Ill£ same 1fICLnj oontem.por.ilry ~~s oomplim-r.nted him ",'iltln thl~ fa.otili.:!,[' cpLtlh(;l!.S .il1i'ID»'";evr-i"~''=' .d[!~[l;'olII·," .::!Iltllt«ltrhil'J'7(l\·/:I: and J~1I11:0~,1l

I 5!:r ~ht 11"[, t!r K, 1. A:UI;J;;I!~ i'lI "&l.~..:..:t:, 'i. (I~ I.), 4~~. Of. lhli nypli;:; ""'1"5G ~Ill ~ ].'!;f.",;i~ w-IpoJ w.JJidi ~ np'ainod;,:: ~_ ~ .:: hd:t~~; !.eo!! A, I-hb!D~rs, 'K.,i5m JolIh=n!3 :Ii;o;I.;]Il2f3 der &m::nh'=.rrigoE:~ eine m.:il!le~cl1is;:1te ug=de', B.{, :r4 {190S). ] 'illi.

~ Fer '.m: hrtW].. see 1Dll!:~, .FimciIia.!', !lip. "'~2 4i K I. Aru~f'I[o!'tII, ' '.'R ";.,,,;t"i'~'1= Ji!...~~'I;l', ££B£, ~I (t~ I j,174 -8.

, &; n,.' 'rID- Or. ':njI: 'A'W,.a'~1 I/V.~&-r~ ~ (l"]'pa!FIj}'lKl1~ ~~ ~ol'l;'~OI'J'(:;;, .:, ~. &,.,;:rl ...... '<'~ ••• tf- 1!!)(Pl)~, E-=dr" 11, ~p, § L~.' Kofl:k ... II., p, slis, lIbl) !5JIe~ t!r un I~ ... b-k"., T"~},,'Y,,~l ... r; ... Rp,~>;'; ~.r""V;! ~~:r.:-~ Tt,op"""'- im Tlu."1l-!: in tD.!(l9.

• Abop., !I. :leii .~bH.!:l~ p. ..,Ii.: i Lphrai:m. Y. 7D4Ji. (p. ;:t;11!'i) :£IlL r.~ rhru r~r.lililbi ,"l1l1I1: from D:idJlb!l'~. Hlj C'i!I: (>Ifl!. hi::m ·/~"'"III Ii ~~~ {I#I~"l"''''r. <;IjjI, ~i'I'J VI I ~~H) ",'id tl5'.'Jibeio hill ~I'I ~ Iba.,,~ .. !'>lwr_.:..';5cu f'!;""~ .~>T'T.J,~~ 'i,I nDTpI~ ~1Ti. (ili:!i!i" i" 1'!jP'3I. i~,

, cr. ~- C~ ..... TI'!T~&ukl ~llul!l, [siJ.1·).!'" [tl. .

. ! ~ ru.lLi",,,,h·j! ur", B;wl.;t,ua r=:I :'L .Itl·I1:"~n.iI. mth ~1iPt II'~I }l'ikepl1= I1~Rinfu:; in I~ II ~1td 1h1 .... ~lil, ['P, 'Z44-a, IlJId S~:fI. (:t.~~" p, }Z[I ..

~ The tV'II:-'.1 M"'letH:illJ!'of!li« 'jr" E:r)'enDi~, .!:.,~ ,;.f'ltl(;1x:!, .,.,.btl huel -II 1'I;;h!i- (;lnbt2~i ~ V. C. 'I/~,;p..(,;ji, 'Vila s... .\Id"i;', l"ru1.'L".rnILTiI~ ~~rJinrJ;ri ~WI'Iik. 17 r 1,1iB6~, ~:)- A L~liibOI:~ml1ry Ii<:oII hrLo:o"1:! 00 il n..:)t"mi~ Jkiruitzo::ll: :ICC: V, 1~,ur;:;n.1. 'IlluDe lin de Sig,iillq:rili!h.i~ lq:nn- 1011'=". ~. :j ~"r~.IJ}, ~)'. :t. ,1)" MOl1Cbmo:r.o, 'UJI MU~llJ ho:JuJli1I!lli".ioo by.mniiin!, It, 4 1.1:pj'jS!iI-/o j~

I .... '1...101.,.". TJ... .d"":_"'P,~;:; tt.-.~':: .. hr:M ';"";:"-~I(j.', ,M~j\[jp., (!'- ~r",

~ 0.; T ..... ,,-~v .'_.. ...<.. ",. ~ A . '·_1~

yo .... ,.. ._ f"'" .... " • .,..,.(I:"N, '" a·t~ "~I,I ':-'l"""'1 T!Ij. 1I'~ .. 'Tf oOOL ifJl.iu'r;lI'!!lI' Lv.lIJl~ Yr.'1,!:!; • ,..,........:;

~,vot r, ~~1r.o!'1I¥JlI, • ',ih/~~~ .... ,.....v.~ ttl~ u~.t"'1' "i.W'"""", .1I"J..;,,;, .& .. IN'Q E'"Jr Tot .. .-A_b, r~ ... .L..o/9,.~~ i~ If..t'FI,,!", 'AO~JoIIlu~.c (lfI~::!). ::1.74'

: T~ I;.;.t........,." ~ ~m~o:!~~~ ~~rT.ol!l. II, P. ~,I', ..

.:1' • .,( fl.-;;~.~w/~~Ioo!I.:w ,{:->.,J,~ .... , ~ H. (;·....:wJir~, fl:m.dl "'. /nvri~L"n_ I:ra~i>I1.:-M11ljuur

IU ~ r J'.."I, l~:r" p. ·n. '1h, Ilor. \' .. I!, Th .. !!nllrl!' j¥","I .. ~1 ir.ro:.:riplit'I1 ""'iM'l 1111",,0

t>r~ IkLt _,f..k '~ f~. 1'1 T I"I'PII"", MdllW.l iI,;.,! M'Mor~ c.r .... l "'-'I':)' (Chi'Mrd., I ~:11 t !1Io::tn, ;o)o,..$.J..:u;.r(01l 1..Jw;.,1; ~~ 11 ~ '''''.-r l .... J.E, .l(1'1pJ.~~ flli,""",*,-~ Cimrw.l:im ·1'lJ.\:t' if (.'m:o;ml

II...:JIJ,tllJ Il\l.j'l, r;... r I •.

'j n,~ ~.o,: ..,..,~,t..~"- ·1......1'h" ... , Ibid .. I" ~ I 0;.11,

BA·l· ... ,;;U:5.

.. ,~.., . i' . 101

lJu~ ~r f~lH~d !II .. ""r~t~ In' Pt~~~ I~ toe '&i4!'!11S\,."i 01'111 '1M: <=nIf"'-I<Jr'! ~

", •. 1 u~tC~L 1[1,[':; m u~.e fD1lr~!l:I~I1,tll ~n\lll)', waJ:l.;i1w;t1'(; HJa~ l.oo,nn~ ;:liP \\I3.:!; iLOO~ ;!Jl a ;;;or.ian af the ~[at!d~ r.~Enl1,B'!I' ~:~l11'},e hl!.~I!'JI?L' .'pbr:["~ Invi..lh prais: I)r the htro'~ ji,.r~IiI(~Lt:r~ WI'~~~ .~pLL'Qn lIl<!t, 'f can:tL~ 1.;t;5 the r.(ll"J[t.rnpo:raT)· llitlnli11~ li.OIJi.d 110'1. fI/lFe'l~h3.d01..y the wrn.plil::oow. ~.I!~'OC 0.[ ]1.'10["(: J cli;!O~1.c: :hIUrTI:< .. I"fJ

:rtt .... ICr to all ~hw, is perhaps not di:ffinLI~ If! find, Tit!! f.,.tbcil' J .I oa.r.l[I~ flI w~ ¢J1ai.nLy !I; :B9.iIII,~ bu.t :mat. 11C~'1ILy ;1 noble: ~tlle, Du.rirJg 1llt Jl'!ign of 1~Ji1lk:i'(l~ ..!~lQ~ (, 'f8!io"'""'9fj) G,hclJnea[i:."i l';[I~Ii:; ~ a B.a,,;il-ciQ1. B;Ll2I~:Oes, lLm.1"l'I M I;-l2fTI.bl,c tlr.lgm: .'I.!.,.~ 'rm;::lrn~l tbt: ~npliJ''IJ~ ,5 ,!;O'Lm:':l a.nd ~ Lll1Idl:: :lnp:ili'nto!,,~ TW ~ A¢LwA'0.! :IPI!';~l.tloS w~d:,!reJ 'Wll'l'~ ~!l;h:1m:g 8g&.ilt:,;l !h:e nuJ~ci;~r...o; "in (. ! 19J:, ;utd his wJie h;!:tL a brother ~"lntlJ1oo woo 3J!.~ >!~ ~n\f roil i:J1'~~'='1I aud is dlZSc.;ribiX!. o:i.!:: a 1Il0~1!i~[L (~lai~tI~l onsn.nJ.:jas...] It is. w:ry pl'i)b&l:tll: ~l,;tt Kllilt.i.o:; ~t~ W.lI!I· in. £:1,01' ilh~ father of :!Loa.t'llIlf:!l In. H~ ~?!d n:1I!.ITio!I. in ;:Ioo,li' u89.. 'Whi.l~ Ioannes 'iIIrui born ilL I I 9~· His """iii!: wa.o; a", l\;f".I,~liIlAJ 4· bllt. ]iik Qi'l1er n::I~rnl:II~1 S of h~' house mjiihe h;1""~ !p~~Ul;'4.!d 1]~e. _gre;'lt.e:r prestige i[tf 'i.ll~ [I;Lm~ (if rrol!Lk~ arui l{.gtmlll~H"'~ , ... hid" her children p1omptL~ iniLe.Tilll.:d lL:1i..d! used, Ctll:iS.¢l(IJ£:(ltLvme 'h'IJ~"'IMe: iba!:'kgJ:'ctu:od and toe persen "r BaSikim Ba:b!irz-t!: .... -,!:[It eEII~;lf far[Cit['~:n.

1~. 19anlll~~ DiQ'Ll1'ms:. The Rfl!O:LTIi!a~12 CJ"ifI!p~ ~ III '''''';&b probabLy", :ID.]L flf B3dleirn; :Rana!L'?~ and his wif-e d1~ Ar'.g~l~ti.:!J. H~ bklru;clf prelerred to ~~ birrn.~1f a!I 'lw';~~ .Ii deoLM:",,:s:i) and mo~t OOTil!i:Jmp~l'iLJ'1 seurees ooll hLm "lO,~

1 L11: ~LII~':'-n::.~ ':LrP~"~ to ],a'i/e tri~d 1.i.:3 hand..g,t hyron writill1;.:r.j r.ti" se;l.l reads:

, ·.,oIMi ~

'fJ!.>.:h'lI']~ ~~mT<lTl]i' C! ~ I(.IK,

~~.lbtLk,i:ftS Thi!!lJlkui!3: Thit MM1h,I;-Mltlr W3iW,oo l)auk1ll~ 'I!!'l¥ :<I 'brQ1h",r of I !!I:~~ in Do"L,bs !J.,~L j~ oni)' ['o:udy lIII~n'l;inJL~d., H~ had ihf titl'!: of f'r.11$(~iUI"~ ::~,. a~ :;L"; ~r:h W~ p~n,~ w]ule tM l[,~1Jty ofN~rmphi!.culTl 0'11. !J .\r;!!['ch ;26], ",,~!I; bliill,g :!l~Il'!::d,J ~~I\:UJ!; .~OC:~ ~I:o ~Ll~: 1)[ at least two ",hildl"Bl!, lo.ll1J1e:;;'1 ;JM a d~R£L1:00r wno rn!!lITII~ =oru:t.lnIJlI~ oJ1.J;~tl!!:gGpOu;lo~!

Apalt f[l[m~ 1:;,a:1Lki.0.5, til£: ,errnpt;!~I;1~ Ieannes :al!to!:~ b3U. ::mo'i:h-er bI""l-1M.[' .[If IIIl'kJlIJ\'1,tr'i liItI!DLI~, The; Li\~~ .lmd a dl.!.'LIp:irLkl ~ ~l'Ia.LT]ro ihc /1I~"t:JruJms p.1.w:~ RaD-'I.!l (['liI:53)'" and ~l~came tk ]~wthe[' of' I O;~l!m.a l./h.

V-4- l;;neodotll':ri. ~~I!IIk::\!~,~m. Ko.DU:L-r.-:n~ P.ii,ffiilIl':1Qg;L'na.: TIu:: ~p~ 'I'hoo!I.or.31 w1i.IJ bcralllC the wlf~ of 1i1.id~;~~l. VIU {~!J '!.';I';EiB a '!hU.gl~ll!t 00. Ioannes, tbc suu of I~'l.OIki(l~ j'3~ ;:ui!l! ]1ml,(~kia';l and ;s1~El"'lBIt'S to h!l,'liC; been ~ ~Ij~. 1~j'[f.i, The llam~ !-l1~ Cilnltdfl '~L'oC t~.!l: o-f her mlrLi.!:'b::md. A'L a ro!.IDg :aa.:e in J :Z5:3-~ Theodora JTTaf['.i~1 the fj'll'h:u:e emptmr Mid-lad ~1j1;i~ltle:oo. tfth: .di~d Dn.:;. ~r;!![\fb t30l,J~ fii:r !C;ottaut ~~lsbcar the i:om:rLpbflil et~pa, ~~mm'l'1] w,,.,,.Ii'i:noll. .tl~""~

~ .rl~oU..Jttly,il,,'I!.1'I

75, Tlh,ootlll)'l'IJS D'i!lIit!ki'l.!il L!IIs:j_~;lIi!1,: '1fi~l;Id;OO'o~ Utlf NiG;~l.,,",'85 ,thl:: flln.l~ ron gf Ioannes III 72 ~rul his wi£~ E.i.LT;:1J.e I ~ j' He prefl!!:fled ~.-g !';J~ itlrrwill' aa 19~!' .iil~I:'i<iI!~ oil iW.Q'XIl,Pl!S: and ~~m~ llionlleillpor.L'r.:-" seurees call him SQ, I:

[09

'fll!& H .... N'Ii: 0" DO U It ..... .!: 1::<1 a"'lu: 'Il F A~L I Ll.Y.s

RI",",mt~ his !'lame- is ~ ail Komnenos La.:abLr,ls, r OJ: me:. ...... ..::,f't>e:.. -

~11 & W3.'!i born ~rl)' in_ [::122, Slpproo:.ima1:ctr ;OLt tlu:_ [~m;:; 'wlkrl b,~"r:~ ~ .unperor,J lrut 1:iI1iCC he IS 1"J1!"1,'~ v;llh:d 'pOq]hy~llltlli, ""i: I!T"J;:LY 1I1~jj thlt his bi:r1h pra.'1:tkd his thth~".l ,;]01: eollllJOOt, li~ w.a.a oI!aUcd afl:~cf hia ..... t p.il~

. _II.. ' r- !:;r.Iial

~thl9' Tht!OOoo"o~ I ] .a,> • .::rm_'"

1~C!i HI f'l;iled Ig t:!'IiiW11 !1i1'S[l~L dLllru_!!: ~~i~,tlfel'LTIl~ atLol~ so ~ \'I!.I.;:l ~Bl~ ~.mpemr by Ilu:: &ftC.)' 8M [he nob-iw.ly ;!I,t NrIl]1pl~;!II~urlJ .rhlb-'!li:l11! hfa~hl!'l"'~ deoath ot!. 4- )l(l\'fmbe:r [::15<1:. and W'aE: SY-JlIl!l:.fI!iA':.~lly L';fLi~d ~m. ~ ~]kidcl ~ His LCl:I:l[la[itl[l. lla\ ... e<,,'~r, had to ...... .I1it ,fOr ~iu:: eJOCtlf.m of <!I ntw pa.[l!"1~1Hh7 ;:,r.;1 was ~5~t1.bLy perlormed e"l1)1ll1 I''!ljj. LI~ hia f~[~l,oI;r, Tb!:'Qtk.~ \lo';JJj S,1Ibj:t to t:pll~.]1;. at~("h ~n~ !l;1~~lm bed 'blJo a severe oae ~ Anglilst ,['2!~ at th.e e..1i']\f il~ nt !hH1:y.U:". 011'1 hi!'> dlS!lih b~ he !QI;III: 1J1oJ-nE!..allC ... \(j'lli~ ncbitlDl1g tb~ 11~r,jji!. Dfn][:~.I>J Ht \\'.a.~ Bul"L.t::d ~t [hI? Jru('U:L~~O:ry 7W!-' .tl.J.:raI~i!., I t

A.! a 00)' of d-CVoi::.ll; Thcederos VIo'i:L"; 1:II:::tr.:.rtl~~ to tl1{,; ru~l!C-yenlo."nld Heiet"ll! 4l O::llllCh[eI" 00' che .ikJJg..llrian [:iiillr 1 ..... :1tl. 11 ru.;:,!I] ]11, 1''Sl.3ll' 1::1 Till:l~r "'"!Ct'C" l1l1:Mt'il!t! il:, [~15"1l 1'11~ m;lOmn.:ge produced :Il""1:" cilLi]dn~l1: Ionnnes 'la, F.i~,n ~t'.ia,l~ TILW!:kiraJ"I,,;uLci Ewd~~ii!..17

"I'lH: !f.DlPtt'6J' Tlefot!dl"ir(l~ ~ I QQCIlp-ki3 a:i~ flU'1_,,;!~~~~ng place in tru:l:i~rure oM tI-.;l:: th~~tb crntw'Y_ H:I~ t1wotQ~W:aL 'WJ J.]Il~ ;L']:,(: n'UnM:rulJ~Lj !lind hI; Wlib

tn

BOUMBALIS

13 RY IE N:N I 0,5

nil l'tAlII& Or DOUJ;; .... a ]~ .:)l'HBI~ PAMI"'~I';;5. ~iI~:J!kt~ ~.: £i:rm~ J)OW:.&.iItTL I'Il1IS the ~ldOit rl311Rb~ ...,;M0ri_ ~ ~ni""", nrrd r'uln!i. , "'~ ",~d ~Fn1i- bo;k:ni(J(] gr.filn~ rI5" th"

d'1NnIm: il6. She is lT1~tfo::m.OO several Cltlt:::l, i 11 ehe Tjpil'iJIJ of ~1.t! K " tr:;:1ur::r :mill par'CirulPly in tTI!'In~.lnn '1\,~'h .'be: C<pfJ?'tfr. of lh~ 1~[mW!Ltil: "...~[~~r-;f~~ pam 'tD 111:t" ;;liner Ihor. deaths ~ tl1f: empress's d~~'~'gh[en; 1'!.J~l'1a r(}7 ;)nri M"W' b;. ~ ilfiiJ. th~ fllu[1~r'~ !,",~'II.'fG~t1Jdren~ ELI~I!I>l'::-'!i n;liml'l~ is; inC'lI~D ""~ ~IIa,]

, - - .. .!I h ' .,~.,..,1'I1i!' thl!

~ for wn['1[J'] ot:l'lmmemOI'.;Itlon 3e:i \'~OC-'i EI1L~t>J:' <:II~t o.!IB'C' hLid jj .

I'roW[:II:ltoI)I ~ Dr II~r i[l,~h~ '='PitIJl:llr.t'l.'milJltI ~ her brotfler,~ {oE'_ [1~2) but ~~ Ein:JIl!: a. • p reD m'l.u rc .... ·IAAw _J

A still ur.lptLhfuhcrt i.et!1:I" ~ Gl;:org[oo Ttlmill::c:; add resscd Ito F.irtne h&.!. I:iIXl) prtso">'ttd,~ TL pl."l:ih!!iLl)' d;!:CI::; fTOm the J~1i.dcllf: af tlle o(eI:l1l;1] ...... '_ l.bJ:Q~ th. ~ .... 'r:i!1!I' itl lais flil[1~",.d I)r.'ltian futr Afi.lliLtG!/' ~lp~d ill ~ bCmt [1'<1;8, U':~~ refereaee ro a d:u1!;~LLa' of ".\:nrrJtl. who nu~' w~L1 be Ell! ~~,~

80: Aleli~ Dflub,!Il: AI~I)£ ~alJb~ I~~ 1;, ruel1~ ioned i'11 ~ c:mp~~ (If' fI~ b~' )(~nU11D.5 .)"Ia.11a....-;1:.'; and In an ]1!I~nptJltil (~m ~ft~[\i!l!iC of QJ,~liIdl"ll!:!n~ m'Wrt: 'hi! «rt.,i[)Iy d.ii1.i[1B'l.Ij,ned from "'\]~O~i the ;jikl~r :san 4lf' .'\t'ill!i~ 10'7, 'Wml) ~ .invariahly c..'~lcd iKGJtll~I'II)1j,~ &ill tii£: ,iLp~1."a to Im~',~ boott i~ d~~~al1¢ Df h1I.i: hi3LoJi.l!l[1"- -11;111 Ul:lpubli!~I~ [lC[i:c.r 'IlJ' Grorgi-oo TQl"liIlkes i;o; <ldd!l~~oo ~ 'biT;:: j~~dJ.'-5'I _bJ~~ tb.:- Il:L'f:LI1i:l~1;I1'I 'OJ' tlI£ C;~U ,llt')'L"!tLI1~O~, be.~!I~ dux ~1i1'iJ:y:r1'ao:;hlti~ and Q;::ilnth.!:'.,' it i.5 il~l!r~~FQre ~'effiptlng to id.t:rl.l:i fy this AlaLo::. with All:itin!; IJQvtll.li ~~b!!! L::: mentioned ,lj havit"l{{.~ maternal g;res.r gt',<'i.rIi;.hllotber ~'!: eJDpre!ii ~ir~l'I~ :<If;{ d.!itd is ;tlso ~~E1'I of.a:3 ~iillg a. 'St'oLI1d1;on of 1.1,1;': (h{iii31.!'", aer.otl~d~lIt

cu fp;,N D R. EN OS

,\ ~ ~ Ni.kqJl'~1~ D. TU !!ipwwllJN'-OO 'wtt!: :mJ:fr:-od. ml: [6:1 I ... a nieee a£ iilhuluel,~ {fliilll1>, p, 91(1: oould nIX l_"! been fI, o.I~rl:"'L Ilf Xikc]1rn.1lDS ,~oo. :\"'1'" j'o[l7 .ZI!l ~I, W(luld be .ml~~ '1!Jo iuc'+:i~.:: ~ m.l:"ri~ bernocn 1wCl ~d o:al!:'.i 'i~,

- ~ -.. ..... .31

CHOU),'1XUS

u-.tIl.1 ...... 1 ..... ~ ........

I.,

'['J1!~ D.:i:~"!i~loi. (~~t!!'.I1l'!:1ll \"'~~ 21. d66ngL1ii~hll~d 121lmil)' F:I"J.1.mLlI.en1· in eleventh{£i.1LJ.!I;":-' Jll'IJ.r.,_,1'" ~Ifi!;, ]-~rhap::i tlu.: most ,oon~I';:I,l!;lu.$ !;If t"hr~~r m9l:lnen. 1'0'<1_'1 ;UlJIOI. ~]~Il;~, tblr.:: fQLi:iel'1i.11 J:lKIth,.i::[' (If A1,e::ol:lo::; I Km~II~I:1~, wllfl hfl .... ,,1IoE1;' l:lItloOO~E.d ro ~Ie fa11l1.ilr aml}' on b~l' motbd~ "Side, L 1lLt!. fllltl~il}' crww ita name [0 Uu:i ~ r;K Ji~ku"~,.z ,.Tlru. thb p';Qfnp~ri!. ~d.Qnt:r; 'iN~W ),II~t~ im lrimJ,ryJ to irl~l'1ur'l/ th~ ~~I"'!o((: Wlrtll il:hl.: ~'\rt'l~!!lnLL1'I ].ocality DOIh:.lh '3.ilId t-o ~ umij: t~~ IJ.n.I~nl)'i \WiTt ,o\:nnm1!il'1ii:.l." But thbi leas IW~ OOI:ilL 1;H'0....r:d, Aft-cr the d~entb 1:.~"l1!lrr Ill!!: rarmilly a~liIlOSt. dj,S.,1.ppea~ fooITL ni.:;tory.

8~~ ~bi'l..'m.ti.ail~ ][hn~kfti5 :Ollil";1!Ss~09:. Hi~ ~l:LllIIlI~ ~1IIrv1'1t;3 l1II a ~I beari.ug Ih~ ~~[rtti(ln

fp.:~$! ~~r:{,1Jt 1<~I'QU ,,!1 U1;JL~OO~J 'N!ii J~i<,~

'1f1}j~ .I.s ~hv:w.ght ro d..il,1l~ [00llIl the cl!t:'n:l'l!tlii ~.tljlty, 3.Jl'Ii 'two i.d~nJlJS.ea~ fur 1ilJ.e ~t' of !,h~ !.'CiI:l h;;h'e 'bc~ poi(l~_ Sdl.h..l.mbl:;rger iIo; ,il1!tlicEd (Q :i"1:; in lh'im the ~~~:l;L K.a-Jk~qOlJ~~inoo [jJ..a.b~IlC!~ Whtl .f1i:!!!illgu~b~ bi:uwllf iri .~ vmr ~.tinv.: Ii:ll!:= 'T'ur1.r.;. ~111. IIIJ9i! ,!o.AA;dtl'iling 1);) r\&rmt~ [I{m~L;:uUi.ntc<; fllala3!lmDSfJM~ 'W..[I!Ii a ~ilPPOw.d !-On 00' tilt: ,or;s.t lIli1lr,rjil,~ ofth;:: ~lfIptfQr N..Dp~[IAi.u.o:; :x j 2 ii;! nhci .d~r 'of K.amti~Hi;ilIL-OO lJ+tl;~.J~i\OO in ~iI1o!l4·7 Il;o,th th~ a~l"I~s

lack tl.Gc!JIrn~l~ary" ev]d~i1-C;::,

, J!r"j.::JI .• p, ~9; ~. I. ~ ~EG- FIX ~Hi~ s« :S, Rt.lIl.:.iIll.il.Il, '11~ E:11!i uf ~~ Dii.I.;J",,c:.t\ ,it~~, '9 ([!Mg)J 5 [1- ~4; LL F'Ilpi.'lciJrp:=iJHru. 'f.r. daDe ,f::: I'L mort au ~locr.iI.l(lr 1= ~.!:.m:!, [Jim:: 'I·A~ h.r, et de lij"ud!l."i';;;. ~ ... &itn'CiIL:i OO1ll;o;:lf"I'JKI~ .. ins', iM:I:l, ~ I: (I~J. ~,

I ~Im. I~ II, [~:l"; JI", p, I,i,[-

l N_ ,MIm1~"" 'N1K8 Zln('&iIlo-b].",ar"I~';:::'·. 8J !CI IJ9~!i). 1 ~l"';::.:o; oJ. P. C!"u'flnis, "1J,~

A.riI~~i~ru ill ~1J,ii: B~illt; F=pillG", fJS. ~ t~gD.~" ~::j9· Some 1L1~1:m«Kri I!:!IbHn ..... ro !';~iz~ Thct!tllitrru .~ ~IL &oM" e.aJ:illhod"";l~ ~el l.'w;;"" {ly.Ii!I[iI. F. I~r, til!!' &II $;A:If~r=-= ~ l~ &~¥I (MJ.I;lIich,. 1"!j1iA), pp.. 1 o~, I~. 1111.-1. ~3t:!~ :0«1 ~~~ (,Idl;,), i!±ln:n. l:l_i'''~'b~ini2<'1!1 p!...,oo.m~ (r""tJ.l, 19SB). I). as: w '(:nctZl[' l~nB. iR(tf;!:fiQS ."...,u cdIe:d D.ztl=l~ L SlMnl n ill, 'N!J(I':r;. do! 1ii1~,II"IDIlLIi .. ~ ~ pruiIJ.po:g1'I'fll/tD! lJ.:,T"lLlrtllco:i, M.:lI, !l2 (,I·[tIi;;), ~I!lri'; ~~ l~U/I, :mo:rib" (I~n:rl~l~, d, l;'.Fti!lE. i D {!OOS), ~~: Ewlru[kiI; ~~ flD,oo,,_.in. Lr.J'I'Prd: ~I~q;~), MM:., vr. p,-z.:,"t.

• MDll-iz, 1;111, ojL,"P.f" 11:\11. Il.

'G, :a!:hIu'~~Fcser; 8ig."Wo[f~ ,~ tl:':".ru., I~~). 'II"< !S.!.~ i ~. K.IIrul='ililpuul'""

Jil"r"i-'i'LIi'..:d~~,'i.O..61$

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T .Aootm, '.lp,. ciII· .• PI ~.,It.

DIASO I{ ENOS

The mmame r:Jll)la.so~tlQoS J~ri~ from, [~lI::- ,thoU!;", ~FpdvJ f~l~d in ~~"i(;[ijjl ~

ia W!SterI1 .~ :">linCif. TILE, ~;~rL:le;;r Jhr'l~ ap~~:nI I:Q h~,,!! b!=~L ,tf~DIlo!. ,

~ ic Ihe course of t.iJ~1!P, became f.i~! 4IOOi7l¥~ll>Ifs:~ ;~nd 'r~1'1 .&~f(lP1l~~~ amf! ~:f'\.- also ~\-e: ri~~ ~_a ~ ~,"'!~ [)f LJIID_[7U;pCT1}~J 8J~ .t.ld~;~_~ ',,\ ciull'(::h tl' $.t C~f: In. P~'SlIil., S.111l"'~~ en ,"'! rOrIJ~~T LI~~ ~."s ~V>f ~br.: .Qi,;., ~11! ;Lppda[MIolL of' []N1l!iI)I1~ lfi ~}~~ ::ia.LI)j,6

Xeill:,lS l).w.:.~1:LS w,j1::i a rOllr~t:'l:ntb<":J!rlrrr f'oi'tIJtJ<"""C~ IJt P.alilJil'a,g. aTjd .a ~~. ~ ~ hlobo~ D~ffiOO W'~ <I. wcl[.~~'.rl R,{;I:]a:I~'5tU~ ;!Ierib!;!,~ ~~ D~~ li~'Dd LI:I [j,l] - ~ The bl:'3.l11;h of DI'l~'l.<I.i!j-Th~~nog !'~Y1~i[1~ UI:IIlDIl>illlttfl!ll::l'llrith :!ny (1~lw;r f.a,mll>' ofdill p~.

:IIS- llouk;!e; Diu~!li<l;s: HoE II;; 'tM ~~pien.t cl a p:i,~31rl;hlhr ~ct:l.oP.rJ d..-3ittcl DO[ L.,e,g aJlLr I J6B,I~ AlthoLJ~lL h~ ia ~~ll1plY' ;EuMre:iii1!ol3 iI,,5. Th:ni!i:a..~ DLlt!:1ret11)!

C• '. • .''''_' ~ • ~"'.,.j !\ •

iO' tl.:l'''';'i' ......np.!:T\ 10'1(' 1''1&' 1j)!1Wl' .1.;e,.lml·1r-~li'l w:lJp L!lOOI'«I ,U¥J~ft";I~r' If: i(:;I'I1!JIMyt hi::

:ruPPCL~thaf the o'ijl[JeJadowl of IJJ:ltnb:5 is '1»00 It~ .1:5 a J'ir:;t J:l;:!tm{: ,;j~ tlli;s OIMJ.ld ~!J DO oL-lrc:u:m::;t.ame be: illh€ribl:d b~r 811:Qthcr ]ll:lSC\tt, DjEllOOJ~1'1!J1 hA,d I;.EoitrJ ~'ro \\;!h a hidl:OW .edme i.ilI ULoC pase, lie 'I/,I'3,s ~.cOO'JmI~Jjct: ]l1'li 00iJ~~ IIi I!."IOOI1.

( - -, • -.!i:_" , -'- ~ "-"-- • ...__ • ,A- _lI_ _ _\

~ 1fD'1]rT'.[I!;I' fff' "fpoj - ........... a~it" Tljl' iIlfo'WJ.', I!\tl;l. aWl[ ~ft[5' Tl')v.no- '1rfI~'i'!T~, U\~ ~~

~,;; .... ~.,u) ""bicb rE$'llltod in ~itt: ~~~I!:h fif,ten p~,~1'1 ~d:.r.l~tloo to ,l'I!Ii~ltirllill1ti hdhll:ing O'lhEQi wlM'l 'I!r~1:\: ~ftI or deprJ'L'om of th~1I" pr.o~~!;'='3 (r.j,_~

.~. - ~,l. "'il. r,iL, ,--, .. I .. ~'Y,.l, • ~ "'_I "'~A ~

~)}''''''''l''i', ...:a.:. n';l'~IfI'I:!'olIV il~, , _ Ill ........ __ , ~ .:1"- t> \L'~ 7W~ ""'''i!II: "'''''''t'w;o

• '. ~ "'"- '.!Z...!: • "~h' _ _~; \ ~

iH'u ~d'f'l'''25' ",A",(OW '7'l!i' G' '."'Ii "':IIL '} "''i.u;'1ItrI5: ill!il~ 71 ~~'¥'!'![ :FWJ.o _'WJ.'~ fi:iJ!'r."!I ~w «rfl ~p.£c,.39

These UtiflH5 had bap FI Ell ed .I(11lg bdat't !h'C" fi-'lill'ilt il!l~;::[ wa.~ Wfjjt~lI (m(l=;,q, ~ ,r.rMI.C,-, II'~~ T';'~ ~), .s~,b50il~'{;ntly Dia';Q,r(:1L;Q! ap.pI~~&3 ebe ~[r];Lrda .:'Ir'l::il~ I ~:3j'g--Sa) ~ 3.1~d b~ foC" f(_~]"gh'l!=IlI~ N~ir.oo mad '1;J.y ~bCI} d~ hut ~tt3~tJl!:!;r P;fII'dotJ, W&l iPl'O'DI.p'~~' ~Vl::.IL Ojaoo[\l9\O~ iw""~\'P.J" WlI.::! !!obll Iiltlt .l8.w.1!'.c...l arwI 'IMTQ[J!: ~O ..:m~ Gf N~i~~ aLJOU~r.:-; (AnlitirriOG ? T.i ~~t~T1f. "'_w ts.:.lt6!M,,_9i.,.-..r:r.v_ .f'1r; -n-F ~Il'i p- f1"'~l'il)aod once IT]ar[! ailwd ,&\[' itl;~ .;dJrolu~ Uo).n 0: (Il.! hrJ 'l'o'l'llol:h 31f,!pa!IIEllltly ~lill Ib;mrrJ~[tt~ M'inL The preie.l"Vt:d p-,:rri!:udmJ k:ri:r IS a rc:p!y {O hi~ I'IlIGII<le;t" D:i<Utln::ncn, is fgrgi,wm by tho: oIlt..lln:::h but he is I'~l:lmr:tO,'J 1']1)[ ltI illLernpt to minimizt ~i5. ~I! ,md i& ~h~d !tio il.dh:efe to 'the

tiol .. /I,JIA

(19:' :M"kl~l1~l 'D~" ... .s. (;:Ia'bas 'l\"lrIi::'hi!JlIi~~uk:!l; He W.ll- o:mc r..f 1M &:w :ruc~ ,~i1:Ii fl]er~,"L1~ du ... ~'g th~ ] eLgJ'l ~r. AI.~al onllro3 n~ l)Ul .II~ Il:a.I"tl!l" h.-u 1w9\ hGllJc[J~11 ~~fil00d ]1\ ~m>!! 0 ~t :~ltIL tbat ~r tile _JlI~~tifJl'V»_ ~;::h.i1cl To:.r· Jlrul.I!!ilOW~! IhE r~llI .IHlim>!! cl MIiI;Ii~LJ !l.O~V~1h~r WHit ~h,;.t of hL'I; 'Wife, appears (Ill! [1.'11 i[l£.'-L~P'llr::m. no kin~er e;-;:t;mL.' of F~mli'rmk..,.~~(I' whi.l:;h VtI';!!; ,~ OIInl"l oopioo by G;:l:lsic:b (1578) _I C?~'ht'!.I:,""IM:,_ eO'l'tcmr.-:w;Lry ~mL5 refer 1D rum .I!.i GJl1bii",] DO~lkas GI3Jb.;1s,~.01" l.m:bant:mtc::; Gb'ba.';,1 Ml!I::h;!.d'~ care!:!" fkLL the ~t '1;1Il.'C do::ade::; !.")If the r.liulctClmUIL ~n'Lllry ~~ th~ 6r3~ ~!. .u.f the fOLliLI.:d'1"olt !!~C~ll~.'" I ~t! oouhl bi!ll,'I,1~ been bQL'I~, in I il5QI6wJ ~ bLit b~ pu'tn'i!:: remain 161JlLl~' 'I)ilLhO'l)'LHL, In c ! ~73 h~ was ;L kOiJr'~I~t~ ;L'l'iId '!ub::i!XLllEtiiJy Itt: ~ created. ~s. p.~J ~ pirr1MriJU, rt1t\flY ... ~ri11J~~t~ ;1m:L Iiuany pJ';~tm~-·~ ,H~ elied

!b4~[Lr bc~C;:; ~ 3 [!1!' r·

1:IikbarJ GhtI!i.:3 if. the Wtge;::L of several E~ln'Ei b::.- l'hll~, .!DIlI:'!: ar lki~

d~di'l:ato.T}' to In!Ly o~~elr3_ He ],~ti1se.lf W,LU; ~:h", a'l.UMr .m-;'in ~~!l;tllf!:9..1 o[;{1.~nau aDd of a \1.'Ork 011 Stl";!lC;gy'J. H:c; i3. ~J~ .Vi:ilJciat;::d ..... h.b iIlu:: ['CitOffi'i.ipn Dr twu tlI0IhELS~!~~; [i!il: P:mmrtl~~!l:3Ir~~I;I~ at Coru;tar'ltiW!lo]liI'C i'lb L~~·~ and St. J DI:1[1 tM:

]J;!fi ri:s t l!t S I) :u'l'pO Ii!. , J 5

MidLUcf.s "",if:e W~!1 Ni:l.'l'ia Ikmikain.i\ JGl1tl~Mile i~~a.lflro@rJ!I; Hr;;!ruil~13. r 53·

AL~~ !Ii, pflfm ot f'h~~t is "n ~~rr~ty [Il the 'l'l1l!D~fikoo on fJ:;,e:balf or ="' bona ",roD desired w be; gi~n t~jp~' of dtj]dren>]~ jJt :II.'Ppei1.n [ha.~ lLiJter iilllif~ the tt11.c1)!!1t b:re";~I~ ~m IJ;litli!fIit~ -of'L tliLlJgiL'~'~'-17 \1IM iLf't.!!n,,',n~ ml:luiai, ,lI;.mLrt:I~"Li1ro:; ItT-

glIl, K.o!n~~UJtio!;lol'!i!>: '['arc'tlilJ.nciot~s DlJuk!'l!s 'Ci1i1bti.5 ~ HlI: is !ilWi!oI''lL oo~: fru.rn,:lie ~rt poem I1f Pb.li!::::l ..,.,m~:LciL DIfL ~11 ~lHI!W, Ko.I~'tilL-M h..""id. h-..IJ rufl~r-

r'AGAn. 15;

I'. JL B,hBlL ..... [j

i\..,i.\ .I:H\ S I[ 1..1\ S

In Ul'!: (1;IL1.r~di~tl,~, cc.C"nil:ul)' t~! '1uci,e.l)( fLl:rnil:f! ..... r, Kab:L"lila.., ~.Jr4J:.dJl'~g} 'INiil

'3.'11'1 ~t:ti~ ill .\'f;u::o::d0I111:I- 'TwD m~~~t!': ~l'fLt W~ rll"::: ILa.IICO:: tJ ()",w..k.iI.!.

~ .L ... "._,

b!JJt iii. i; not ~lble 'bl;! 1J.'3.Ce trie flrLglI!. or tm!': .

. ~" DI)TI'U:.Ltir,i4tS n.!iJ,~!liS Lb:!lsiiJ~, !b1::"1t'~.~D~etrioo 'Klbb;LO;iJ:u:1 il ulso c.;LUed DeTTII~'trJOO .DI;IRW K ;~h::L."iI~:l.s.~ DUru1;g '!:hoC- C1''l-1 "' ..... 1;r.; (J 14J -71 11.C·~ a b]{'i:!! :wppt'rtilf" Q"f"KaL'L~~ITrOO ""'!lQ ph'OliIlptLy. rew.urli: .. L l~i][:l.[rjli' bis

t'f"-1c.e::: viit'h the g,t-ant: of !:.!Xtcn:;~~ hUltiS ill M211:'~~, DW::Ei!tIfi'!. wltoo!: :rtll~r wil6 P~d)i1b~' :EI. G~fi:l. K~~,;jhj, ~ea!Ji t'O h<lt.,,~ l;ll'I:.EL a.::::.:;OOi2l~N ...... itn 1111:: 31rmy,'" HIl' is ulsa m~UiQtlaillD gflLt[' &to::u1Iil~ntl! I)f. th~ y~ru Ilj 1/ ':3~7,i and [j.J!iS."I K~d'lFl~ 3Iddr~i!.d! rum vd'i:lil .flril: of his ~~~~ tj1 I~gJ)J7,.1 Tb~ ,,',jOf d,at [') c~l:ri.ct3 1I;1;tfuil:ed the name of DvL!ikaa frem )}I); w,if~~ ~[JII!i 10:1 iIlh'k.cl)·.

9.5. D~s K-iAi~sit"l!';: ,~'f' WiL": a ~®lem:;'l11, ~I] ~(ll'IiE:,l1. an_d in ~:~5 VeItlfe (!I!cidoo I)!i; mae;L'"\L': .W!. ]J"J;Q1'J1!.hJ.y aJ~D1,Ot.I<l Dald::l..~ lVababllo!l1 rmr.slu

hfi,~-e b~1l. a ~~t)dcO.1'I!t -ofOi;:!E.e"trim 94-

H:.ALOTHBToa

:r<.AVJTHETOS

Tit(: iIli:l(lMi :K.itlg~~tl!:. _ (Ii~,jtH~; !h~ fr;lr~ K;v'tl~N-tjg i!l 'Io\ITI;)ng') iI; common ~1l'l':iJlK tb~ 1M-it .c.en[Ijfl.~ ~[ 13;O':",~lt~!u'ln: I:I!!!lt'll!l; OOtEiC b:r loohl"",t'I=. aaul =tiljll~ ;:1!kl. It a i1.O't .b~Q1,"'1'!. hoil1llo' the ILil.JnC of DO!.lk,1G piI~ imo the r."mil'r',l

00- '[~~~ ~hJ;t!lllitm:; D_DUk~.l .I~ll:: wus !hi! ptl5!l~ oaf the OOIlW[!:I!I·tlh ~~J.Jry -end. P.u, gr_ 2(1oj'~ whklt wn~;.!m!l; \W~ ef Lueian and otber ~n;:,.i-tnt w~t5, ~ In D~n;;br;a' J 357 an k,;tmL£:i Kalotnetos iz:5 met ..... ~1-1Ic ~ hut there is. JlO 1} ... k1C.i~ so Ldentify him witln :J:lu~ p['o(:~e1lt l'll'+lnn~ K;.!l.ml~bl7.:l DuukM.

Ki\MA.'IERO$

TI1E f(l.m.ily -0:1' K:;I/IT>i;];tm.~ (KI1:.J>!I!'I'1J.IIDt) ~:k..iUVWJ1 lQ ll1~iJintil:ll=' ~eea "from. the nindl. t:tn11~r1 am"';Lrd!, bl.fl.t il 'UQei!i nQ~ hl!&.:IIl"IC d~ngLli..::ht:d wntii ~ tv.·arm ~t1!I,J~ in Ilhe OMIIL';3C; 00 \},I~Liclb ~~ iITIr'Jli!bcB OIZ-L::UPlotid. ~gb q!m= in ~(e s;",d Gl!.lIl'cl1 ;;nliL oontr!i.-I:-tcd :m'<Ll"i.a.i. ti~ ~"'Ith the imptlL'.iaL house allLd other 1l]Obl~ .I~~:!Ion~it'l!! r.,tmi.lbe::;, Stili, [l"OC; prWoroic[1~j:1ot: (If lhG KalicaLd~ \~'a..o.; !!(IfIl,- 1l;l'f;1.tb,'d:r ~hm-t ;i]llId ~t. .;l~pc.!!I~ tb2.( m'l: ji:n~iLy L';&.pidiiy- dEcl~.Llli:!d !).fiic:r L1J~' Fourth

CI:1lI~d¢,~

TL1~ rn~L"L'ia~~ cl Eireue Dci!il:aiLlI'!I. :J~ la· G:regtioJ'Mk:: K...'!R1;~fll~ ~"C rut" ro the l;ir.m;::h of !)nul,(arl K.~rruttlroj ",'lllid~. oompd~ rno~~ [lr!hG LIWS'e: i.lii!pDn!'tr;~

ffi¢l1:lb!!:J'~ ofth~ Ilarnily m th", twelfth oliui'illr}'.

"rRl: n"" \UI: (J P D[I UKA.~ TN OT ~[l'!: I;! P ...... ~ll LI [1;,5.

:t';.;;6 kAdrl:l~ Dm1k1l.$ K-.znIlA:~E'Os,; Called. 'D.!mka ... ~ .... I I:Cr;_

'.~ \ .. ~ :I.~~ '-'~"'~I

"1111111::~ $imply ~I~.J.I I~UI'1)I~~ w.a.~ ~ ~O:D "»('~!;!:QL;i1:(i a:1td E' .

:p.j fh 80llrisbed duritlg. the reign Qf :M,,1ul.lol I auel ?!pl1l't fi\OO~ Inn,.".jl~ I:~ homHarc:d widJ tlse digni1'i~ nf :rc!m...ror- ~nd. ;atW~(JJtltJ .J'i"~I'fi"'o.s,s. .I:I~ a.1~e! at h. ~ DC ,8j'l.m.b~r fjll~ the ~Ii~~ pam; of ~p.m_h~ or du~ Ci1.y,~ ,\I~ d"~W8iw ~~ tit/M,' and ~ ~ ms.tr:m.,~ III r i 6 [ Allciroolto.s Will!:; OJ. _ iI1(Ie.o~u~L'lf ~hl': t:J1Il~ lh;.t Ir.!~~kod 1.0 lu1uocl~ in f!lTIl~rt[] F.";tlJrt 10 Coru:tIlJU.!I[lrlp.!t: 1h~ iD'pcdOlJ lJtj~ Marii • a olllJ,gh1'o!'I (If' pnm:c Ra) JIl..(ItIU. ~

.Al1drnc1ikm 'W'd.::l ~ learned man who \';lSi!- ill (:~I! h'JIIOCI!l wii~ OI!olI;'~~j;xIl:".J.,," ~, Referencehns ;Llr~;td)' .~n m.<Ide: to Prodrfl[J']1;I< -REI_tl 1,jllE OUl~Lrllll~ or.mrl, ),lii!rtc, IV.. S.24,. hi ,w,lLlLbt..ltI, W"!: ~r::m rt1...-o [Jr;\tIOJb cl G~w:i~

'Th. r~ lHli'JIT~~Ep~~~ ('I'uobi.~, .. !~I).i!,~)tI;G.I!.!I""""'I1.oj_

• ~. Kino., Il'o 210. ro, 14"'. CDIs, I :OrD ned 2.5'3(;: 1·11, .......t .E;:g7A~ "Ii. t t ~t~D~~, 4~; _u:. 13 {r.916Jr I J; I'n:-:I, "l" ~i!" 11f,:I, SIJ.:md !~I.

, \~'~ ;U~ lID!: e,,;pl,~Lly illr"~'=ll [h,,~ /L'llironikQ5 ''iilS rli!: ffir,l ... ri;;:~urllM, but jl,~ o[tiJ, be dqJlJ~ !rom ="~ r'*r!:I'rtf::L Kj,j,lI.., p. :ll'll, ",.J.l.Ii:; I::!iDl ~ Hl:i:IL...,. (~~ !o MH'11J!i11 lind E'rmIrl'll1l';' ,_..~,.lh~1 (0.0 m 1JXf1b.o!r':s ~t ¥'\c..,lrn~;~ lJQ!1;]. DDL!:l:u.<J 'LIl1ik :t.iIll1;,~hl!r W.loj Lb; ~\.:"ta ~1"""';:u::;Ip)i;.. P,,~.duml!l"Xo'rJ, 'IM:o;kr . .!"i..,ml'l' [o[Ide5.u,[!Ii"'!5). P. ~ ... 6 . .I.'11~ "')'n~ orcin thr .a.DreI]o'mlou:S J1W[ ul .:u:1 . .-,1,,1'[. I:T, V4 in n ~.r':':;" d rilfdil!.liOO:<~ ~1'iJU= I::i;,w.r r:1.;; r~ J1~I11" ~ ~koM' ptlr~LI. ~~ l.:lmpro!, ' M~",:al~ !'j!il4 " pp. H, ~. !fo, tI~, 5& '"..Dd Sf- ,,~ :.:r "I.::> ~1K'd in D. Lhlll:.,...,_ ;f.o, iL pI"eIZi ~'L If>.;; "Jr.oo ·O~ 'by G!:Ilr:ilos Slor£u.,:;

8 I.ldu~) ........... i"'h ;n, .. ::iLd~d ~",d 1"'""1" ,,..,., .. 11"1' 1"" -r ..,, pirTI :I bT~ 1JPr1 I)'f • till I., wt

~;~di deci!:lLV'e rh::I'cJ,t at .I:i:rI.I1Ui!i (-:liS cfl,i1:1I,1 r 1 51$) h<: ..... ~~ taken p. isoncr.

nIL IN>C111tl.,]Ly ]..1: r~~u.m"l:d 1:0 (:i")Il!l1.ailtl~wplr:o, ~L irl I I ~ he: I~L 1i1~ ~TTT.r in gbb. ',['1. .. ~ '1CfI.T!-; later b~ llJUk. a leading part 'In.' IIItW HUfI~rlilll. caoliJlll&o.

~" Dtltl~.u.' dhAin~toc.lj a..rill pwlllli~l"J~ i~ 'lkl!l. .... ·ax round CXTD='Km in tbe iII~IJlI;Fl)'ic ~t'.c[i.orI [J[ a 1EI(lIlUlll1;t1W ~'~. bearing n ooot:Iml~ITLCtI"iHi'l(: ifl<cYip~rJ)ltI. rlAiCi!' in tb.::. d)..smnt :Magy.fl'r 1.e~br'Jr:I,:i: ,ManlLeI tilMA his. di:o;lilllF:uishell 1~1'i~\C .:nu:r,: tI~i)re •. IJ. J oT} ~ ~.llIl hCll"!. [0 JI!rLJull!ii:l ro renesv an atlia-Dee

Il1inili$l: ~jJ't ..... ~tb king ij.1.1dwm !IV.J . , . • . .

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The ilint Ti:::r~.4J~ ro a member of me K.alllkatk::il!il~ (J'Ull'~:I') filnilly poob;J.bLy da1iL::3 fll"Iltl1 [1:11:: t.\~~U;lli Celilttlr:r·.+ ~ni:'e n..,ml:: 'i:; not p..!r!:i.e111a.d~: wide~prl!;jJd. 1nI, the' fourteenth c;:;null)' Tbcodi)fQ~ Kailk!ltlt:ru:l~ WJ..::; a man til" ]e[~~ aud <!" 'firil:iI1d gr~lJ"ll!fl"i..M !Kyd.ol!one;~ .. md M~mll:il :I'.1b'ol(i~"

J:Jl)I!I. DiliYIi1ro'5' KRt!I1md:GtI'los: A ~~tnodl'Ll act of ~bl.'(;h ["394 speaks !:I[;u ThMJ!a.::; Kall,b • .[ieJKIS 'J..~ hH!ld .1.tbP.lTlilfI~M EJ;I Q;1i!ldml~ a m3l1"r,ia~ ("',,"I';"{f,r.P"?<',",=n .. ~', !;I'1!1ioi)u,:ladJ»') wMch Wa!:; ~ai.olL:EiL canon law aed :£IS 3i r~t be- ~a.,I>8HLEJ.&l..ai~. :N"-ww ~~ asks rer fot'gi!;l~nem. 'lhi!; WTI!§ promptLy g-r.mto:::d r,m ~ ~itir..1lI th:1.~ ]tc'wOOld ~r eII1'~r ~n!g !lII1!f.:h.;!I,lmlir.ri~l'

,l\1'1i,}1h;~1!" ,di:1l:1t[l~"'m!t oaf Ap&'Ll I r1PO I'i::[i:;n: to ~ '~rd qf n.-.Il!=<; Krt'llk;!,;:l~ whi;z:b W;JS ~11Y1,'i,' .w."llI~d by W(II;I"I)jli~d l~hibndLTI:ip~ltI~, a !!{Ju.!liil.t ur IJu:: oEW.pEror (70ii .JJdIITr).i'oo .:.1~Jtw-"Ni" rr':;'i.lO:J!S~il. 5miJl' I'W tW.:~~ .o1"'"l:P'.,..7.!I~ ~'f"~ ,,",ii •.• ;;J'~T=.pr;'T~.!-!'up. _i'lfiJ.~A.!i l'iPiJi'lII'Op[l)9',J.;:),~

" ct.lln .. Fp. ;:iIB~ :#4<. ;mtj.iI17,j ,skIlLl!: .• F'P' ~["11'

:J: Chon.... p. ~n i :5k(lu.~.,:II:!L't';"liEl'lh~ h.adi bo:m .n~".'n,-m!&.~n,.7~ ..... t....".,l :rl-:n- ...

00 A.mdronikm.

.. S,"" M. r. ~nll~. ' l:~ JtAr,Mp.1J<' t: TjlLbn:i~ 'jiIIo~ ·t~~ T!J~ T;<' JI ... ",'.

F.};; .!I.:r"..JJ'''i~ J( ... I=-t"~_ ·l. ·Ap.dI'1'lL\o ,H-n-IjJfl.rJ (, ... ~~ !f!lIP.!Il, p. ~ J [ .

• $:J1. 8_ J.gmpKd, , no!) ~ ~ ob~ ~~"m:l!, T'='" ~"ll''"1iIt/ ,~. '. S~- ... ('9i~l. ~~ 'BM~ ,lJL'.k--il 0:.1 ""H'cl.,,,"li "f"Jtf~I<,." "i"~ .. i~ &._~"""" .... l rinoin"J>"TT.f'<"" "i'

v,...u. TliL. ~" .~;'.:~!lfu;. ._

~ R..~~. I..o.:IlHr;..,: ,1MriiH>,~JI. ~)r • .c"..r"'J'wi&II'c~ (Ilomr. ~[Ii>l"l\, fi~ I:ia, 9i'l. Hid:;.:>i.'\o ~ E. ir~nmd, I ... JII-Q.k',I'~r.u~ J"'dJffi.~J:IY (.,~. I~I. p. $.I.'

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~ M r.I,ll.~ . .!l?9.

](,Q)[~BtfO:5 .j.5

.f1.l; DOIlk:alH3,1 a d~llIa'LiJjtl whiA:h is pnr-dy expln,i'led by the ~ciiiL :;111~ t1W[ll '!<IIl1iclt. she feh Lb~ her moJ)th~r. Aill""'- W;L'I; bern (NL ~ I..)~~ r",83.1 l!Iod ...::.' !LrI i.mf:Eint .,rujI dtikll .line WM ['w !iWl!1C ,!,1!;Ln b~ 1m- ]«(lrt~aI1tin~ 1'3- In ll",l!\l~'" ~l~e- ml1lti.otd NiM.l,:illl:'lm HrtI;:I'II)~, i:iLllhseqUl:mly CfCiLlru I Catsu-', \.,.1r1lJ died :in !! ~,.,- 4 Amna 1;1I~""l;:lf died UL ['=rllll~r;,~ive 6ku.ri.ty ~ liLtl~ i!ln,~~ L L4,8,5

The ,;LtlriliutiWI. or ~hr~ wcl!-k!.IllWL' seals bI) ..... ,B.I~a~ is, in my on¢r..io!"l. po'.:;;bIt bur not ett.lIi.:;Ii_~bEd. above ,a.1L dl:lllb~~

By her marrisge '1.'01) lkye-rrni(]5, ... 'ull"lfl lierume rnem(lUlI!r of ut least lizrur <lihilrlcer!; AI~ Kt:.1hl~1~~, ImLlL,l'I!.:L rf), L:"H:I"IC' ~ iLl!i!I anethee d;LUg!lTCT (or d;~lll!!htcr.;;) QfmllkllllWm nrrme,

]~. Wllrn.nl;!!:B, 'K'O:ii!j_'f!~nos (J)'lYl.!lHIIl!l) ': 11 ..... !!:lll~M !floil;l'In~ ~ J E:01Ilrie"itO'! ~ lru:li1L,ced hR.!:!!! lJ1!t:;lllY.:! LIlt, ]!2a!I.t IJ= ln an 'il1!1lCn~tioo 'Oft'lH; IDUl'1l!cn'L1L ~e.1:'I.tw"1 lie; i~ :mentm!)LlOO .(1;3 KO'mF!ellO~ DI)'!j~!iI~1 'klalll:l~i a !l!.;lL-pl~~W8l!m!tll~ ~, ..... ;u;

KOMN fENO:s

~ family d'Komn~D.' (L,LJ."'l~'i:;) a~~,"Lr.I fm: tbo::: nr~t.tilL'le 'IDwQ~. iIoh.:; 'l'mlQ

ccnt\:I bat up j[l ehe .l~ I"lf Al&lu!l; I m L~ I' It f:o;rollid !1(1l ;.o:;q_II.itL 1h

~. for m.u p1Wijp:, N'1!~·~[ru:.I(& tllcir p,'(ikmdn .. uu.l~· miJirtary ~ g,ound ~ed KI gi'l!l:: !~eln a ~ul:lecrio;r ~~FI~ity ''''L1~cl~ O'.JoJ~ti~lli:d 'm;;l:I~crru,,{eoil until tM full of {h~r d~tlaJ!y, and CiV'<:ni'L'rrel'"W"l.rd~ I~ W8l~ i.lilt:l~ d1l:!lu:ndalll!; h . .b~ 1E5L;,I.[i!ihed th,em,;eh;a itl Epirua ".1~ im T~bL'1:Cmt [ _

The T1UI~e of Eirene :;f; W AJr.xi.ol~ ~1iIIJI:I~~ In .I tv]EI 1:a!L~~ tb~ I"izIrrI!:! Ii Dollkal ta 6t adopsed by mm~ d !l'~u> lr.lllmt{I!la.~ r:lC!l~ndB;ra~. I\o:e. or ~hdr childl'ElJ1 '3Jl.d ,jIt I~t, I",Inl: tiL tblci[' gmndsaru::1 aU P~flL~)' :;P~kLI~!{ ,I;tCiiil1M:iloi are somefirnes r.:.~111[1 , .... 1I1L tbc J1~ of]J(].u:k:its lII~d ail :S.U~tL \...11 L 1'U1!~ ... brwl;T"¢JI~nt here, Ths oompotllld Kv.fW?t~l'~-":(JI~ wmi -il]ro oI:O~IJ~ [Til ~h~ 1wl!'l1't:b. I:.I:.IJ!u[,)" bu~ it i'!o~ a pu["(!11l1X'1:o1~;; fClrm,~

107. ,Ann;;!. KCmlll'!"1IL(!- {Dc;uJ.;;aJn;J.): AlJml. K;::ml11i~I;:", ~ .. c faffi.ciIl!O hi!tarhn} ;;]lId fi .. r,;~"!mm liIa ... gl~Le.r J J.U~.tI:I. I 3~tl Eil'Eltl! .!J6, ,I~ ~~: ~~,t once te:fl:iroil. '1:,0

'.Pll.f ehe E{Iilll=lenai B " ~...b!t'k: :a>"ld f n r- 11,,'Oir .. d~i ... ~I:r n;I!K'"~!I.t r~71I~~, i!ft. ,~;

A. KIJTnD..::n(l!: ~;~, Tii ~,; ~.~ .. ~. (ed.. c. Aj'!Ilth....,.idt:l;. OzmLilIIi!inap,It:,I.fl:rn), J!PI &-1 I; G.. MUITW, 'L 'all.ginJ:! des O!m~, ,\e2!>!If.n;d~ !;:,OlJ;lIm,;m:, &"1'f.!"~iQ dt. /;a, $q:I;:';' H,.J~': 11 (l:9t.,)";U~-lo(i; Cl!~I3.ndOJl, Ie G.:-!n~~~. :1, PI?- !I'[ II.: c. I!:l!.t::kl~r, Ama C:tm..u'.,!-,,; A ~ (Uc-.d~II, 19!i9), I"JI\ ·11t:.:i"""!:iJ 'K. r. AlIn;m1~, I ',lJ _"Ta~ nil .fl'''!'''''i"'-'~I'·' 6."."1< . ...;, I D (J~), ~~21: A .. l"tt(t!i~~K~r.ll..1m:us; , ·0 ~, ... ":"'t K~:; ...."T:~~~~ ~1lD" ,..,~ ... "j"I))QI'~ .f.I~~ ;., ... ~= .. ', oJI1}j}8. ~ [i~l, 6&;i'--7Q- V!!r"j 1111~~rtmlll~ lbr ~ p=IIAL "-JI I ... I ~V1 I}~ [l[c;LJiiln.illf lilC!!lIlfll,..,t;: i" !Jl:ill I¥~~[];] !~~ .... ~ s. IJ~ JI~11 l.:! G~.JJ.. C,L='"~ i:. I!v~ (Wlp!lblilh.~1. (i .... ;II;I(;;I. ti.merb:Ii.Ol1 ~t ~h.e UnWerili~ 11)( I£"'~, I !J]i]. ~ cr.nI.\91[ d 'INII;I o!1kr books em I!.* I!\,'"i~ [Dl:m~riLIS Stept.~napaL; Ckimn:i!rtej, PriZ:u 1t1;'~i1:l' ~ L:! ~ """Wiri,/,' rn Cmn,J,u ~a r..., ""',"'-., "~j'J.!t', Iu ~u!W'I fi III ~ ilIJ ,.!f~ (Arr .... l;;"rri;!.lTI. l7!ll [lUi S, ~ .• 8a£oo H~ii!l ~h; o.r.,·ill):;l:1, Ot.!.t 4'MJ mrw~ do ~ "'r;i~ Jwi'dJ¥=di.1... ~t;I irrJpirim;!"q eA~I';[Io!" (Vi!IIiJ3ie:, I~ i:o: w~I't" Gmtzllilio:.,

i), 1IIJEl".Jir:d !Il:ll. ~i~i"n, ,upJlCll«lLt 'Nl"ZliOOru ~. ~I:I;n l'mUiDs KII'mn.~Jx.,;:took~ ~ lI.1.1LroIfll~.rt.1,[! If.e )'IIunlJi!:!!' U1~ Ilf A~ I ( .... ;;W ~= "to:: 11'1il ...... r of ... \.:ndlTD I:rikD5 ~) ",Jm oo-ill,1 hiln~ inhu..Lai [hr n"m~ 'D.f DOli!;"'. rr~m. him rttruhrr E:iJl5It: ,~6. S<:t l.."!UI\!!!;tL,. Jfu"ilu m;I:L~, !ilJ' . .... """.:1, ILoJ. 2D,I; K. C"ui!fund, '[[",1;-;, our L'1iin~in: "minti!lPilli~r. de L'o;;mpj~B ~~II.~in: ~ 1lr'.l:lnrt-·b;I'l!)I.I!! I!i ]1!:t!T~Jd 1h:;I.'IIpt.:!lI:l!jur:', Bt. .. G (~!l':B). 50""9,: I:'-J'I)IolllillJ~ C'ilriIfl.lrm',M;rM.IJJi;.d· it! p,}~ l.-,{l~ J(iIm~h'i:DJil!;:r~ruM~~ P"aI~J Witl.J.J>~rxI lW.r. ($'I~~I. a!'l.'1!6~, p,~, H~l,'oll" !hr I0Il11'1 iR:KI:1:jl..u:..-, i, !In.t, lr."I'T]L;Ir'J biJ[ rl'l; ':;1illl~II,j1- ~lL~1'5 be:"ir ", ~~lili.:U:' ~r:niblr.n~ !.tI " ~l IfIIbWhfd b:t b....-.::m, 9ah'i...: 'l'Y.'r:!.ipti. I~ lUi!. no, ti!tl, oolllit.e f.v"il '" :kil! 1;II.J'MI!ing 10 J~ lIC.r=n'l"m, U1t '1)'~L' ~(W.fi~~" ~ [I~_"J.:rn K.~I1!u.I~rm 1 o .'i'J-]i'!I oo~11 ~~io:'t ~llc lnlll)[;1- ~ II mud- Il"J :=;1 Goo~ ...... 1'" IIlI I~ f .... L ~~113 ~lr=e:I :~ 1I"Iloo"9:i" ."oi .11, ILc ~i!oZIJId l).I ~~, III r~1:, 1"111_ """,....:I. b'Dt ~,,~ <'Qindd..::, .L"t] 1:11l~: ~'-'::IJlLnru'::leJn oJ iihf: '::~I"llli""'r: 'Ia[ d ~III':

IlnL~, ~_~r l£I!'fnEt,.,. ... C;uur,."L 1..- ¥.t"o/od, ln 'iii:.' ""iniQ;(l, ooLlI l!!fIll dclillli~ belO7IJl rtt b;u.a.o:l <ir [~"

II ~ fur hlIL .. nr ... I .... npu .. ,· Jiri1.w:I.....:.s:.~ ~ " pa...im,

.. r~(oml l,ibJ,o:r,.;r.L.I'l,irll 'In 1'1.1111-' 1":"111 'b:;: I,,"r,:] III !\i[, E. ['.»;:mILL, if.1~ JI'crM loi~.'liIr.i iM- ,III' ~ XV ~,w" I ~.." .. i f.'Nfo~ "~,,pln, 1~"i6), l'li' ~~ ", ;uxI i'l I:.:,r, M<;IrrI'o'[!II.1:, !.I}'~'il/!.'llK:'t~ ~;n.':,,]111 19~" r. PJI· "l'r'f ~3, t;"m~ III!,.rYlU"IIL "~o1ilM",,,,- Ie :t;::Ioli~l~ '~,A1'>'Il ' .x;".ll'1;~.BIo. ~ r~~..x '. p.ft IJ 1.' 517 (r~·,N, ~ 11'"51:] ~ u1.m, .. 'H "'~~,<l"!.'II'" noJl;'; /'11"-'::1 !.:[l,lJD ffl ,~,. ·11-'rf..Jl' .... t i ·.1''''11 Ki)j. 'V'~I I, I:m~&, 21) rj~. Itl -Il: II, Lo!II ... 'i.;:'lII1.rn. ..... I .... .,n .. f¥1. IdT ... .,1I r.r"1IY- ~l'" ,. ..... hl l'A.Irn",_'· ".~. I~) IIII:,I)~, I, II: ",11"111. 'C',mpII1rJ ~ r1:-'1WIX' ["nlltt< ,IIL"io:li r {_..,.. .. IIII '1' ~ I Ilill I j I~I ,1M, "'i (1'&1. .':,-'i ,/,. E. I Vrll;l .... ~·1 ;...,".. i t~

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TB:& ~"'IIIE Ol' DOI;;"};;"'~ 11'0' OTHGR to".~MI~.tGa

~ dr:ht sQIi of AkxiOl I and Ei~n~ !J6, btlrn 1l1'li SeptC1lnbe:ilD~t.'e'rnb.r:. Sbortty a.fi~'<In:l,..; he was pl'9f.b.inoo:l L:mjlD'tll"_ Ioennes -"I'~OOi~d{)li I .'" hiS ... , O'R 15 Augw;t II [:11,. -ROO !'ei:~~l!tl ut'luJ 8 Ap.!-l! [L4.3',-" 'W.h~n hoi; WiI..'o; JI~ filF.lillrll~r UM![np.~' . j-tro ~bl"

In ~hll.l-"3 1 l"'1l:j' IIla.lule:.:: .IlINl11fi(:d the H'Ih~S'a.l':la~ pL·jlL.ot~ p,. - k d::l.l.Ifh1>!:r .00 king' Ll.di. ... l;h', h'M 'WM cail,ed E.iTem.c b,' Ll:il!! CTeI!ks. Sl~ ,: r., ~' a the n~~ Xi:n; on I_~ Augl.lS~ J 13q,~ and ~1oI?iS G!mont~ed b:t' ~I-~!!'! .I3}'za!lti~ di';~h~ By this m:tITI,;J!I:I', Ioannes became Ikr.: f.1I~~tor.F of elghr ch.iJLI!r!:!1l : '\J~~ ( 0'Il ~['I:1n[~.m (lIeS}. l:;,,'~kio:; (t I.lj}, U;mlll~ (t.h~ f'ltt!~.'emJl~r, ll!l~'}, ~aTi)~

,,~Il ~1!111~ of :"'J~r,u;, .I ~oG),!Lm!a (L 11(0), l'heodcra (I ~ r!!}j . Ii

E..Jdtikia 'I. n r.9}, ~ . J ArI

]"9" r""~5 I:k!~b.5;': He- ~ a, :aQni. of th.!! ma~W!m1iJr .. \nd[1lrl:likCI~ E-:bll']- 1\I!!1iI~J a !<On ef .t-\l,,":uo~ ] and EIIT.:o,:; ,z,fj, He is m~Ht1':!m'!.ro ollily !':I;n.r~. iRl COJ'l", JT:et~a wi[b the synod (If 15 }:lm'Gh i [&&,p

nO\, ~nC'J!iii:l'S. ~nl~l."1.~.! A ~ef~!Ii~D.KomI".le-l1ID~ DO'IJika.~ who C"'.n~o[ bt fu~cr id~tlit!lli:d :pa!Id r.m- t~ll'! 0!1Ip~·1n.g atcod, Coisl. ['t. 5 ,iJ~. m ~(]3./-1,' 1"11(: l1l1aGli). ~l:I!1pt .... ;a.s WJ"El[J!f1 ujo' nl~KL.!i\TT,I~ I.-'lImp~ and IOGrurnli.llS hClIlk.1 'Of the Old:

T t:ruIwOCiJ t, I ~

I'll. AJ.~~9:; Ko~I(lIWS (A:tl:J~!!.ltls DtI'Illt:;a[l;) ': There are t~a'~aiu ~~ b)' ;!! fMt.m.Jt.':liTJ7d !!}! "r1'l;:b1~Qnd I StephlHlfL!. S~I1U!l'tI~lo::;. whL~h art all:l.cll~~cl to

t=:tJo~ro;l("'(!I5

3.JlI cnj>l::l'ffl' Al~ Kim'L1L-i:.IJD..I' whn ~~~ 'LQ be Alecill!1 ! ~ 1 ehe rlll"!7 d ·fl'cbio:.o:Jli.d, T'he ,;b:.cl!. poe.m r_r.ldr~ TOfIruL.e a::;

• .. l;rr~wl'L1p:" ,I(~~ Jm.~ 1E~~'if.[]tl'~II"Il1'~

~L']I16 ."1.FlP!ti:lJ'S. w be tine Qnlr i1l!S~!I,;~ce- or an tltl(l!!i'OT M Tmb;'!r.1\d bei'fl~ ~hll! dc;:j!l:'~",~edl tot' r.h;:;::;~ /L'Y~L KOfo!loItjll-lI~ had ~I' course 00'ihi1l1!!i [0 ~O ...... iUt 11K J\,lilge-1I:lL. aile ~n nn~' rutln I;.llt~ the poer'a words [I.' ~h~ Influence i.1r the orom. POUtitl ~ ..ty,....,~ J.lJIf..oo.s l{~J"&s ",·hj,::h wa.::; much 11!1L1~~

. ~~I'l~~, _I~tcr_ mil;:.;!. A.I~~~\Jo';u; t~ll'" ~econ,~l-ooL"l Wli. (lr Llil~ C1111lH=1:'(H' l!i!l-,ulCJQ~ of L ~~m:!:ltItL ;;I:IL13 Llll: 1l::lIzlL'a E.1L~I]~, hl:.LlLS ~m 4m _, Octl!!llet' l13ft· 'f.'ligi:~hor.r w~Lh his morher hr; br.ro,1fmr. ~Jl(:TDr 00 'I":;: l)'e(Otroib::r l34e. ~all':l wru; (;nJIo,-~tl.ltd on -.: 1 .J a·r.lu;.!r~· 1 g!j.Q_! On !2:S .s1l~YLb±r 13~ I. h>::: ,LIJ'limiEd Tb t....,d.)ta I Pol oougM;;r o:Jf Nike:plwL"OO "-:"'llit.,lo:OIl)!~, .:x>mtn ~l t~ ~[R'~,~ ,..'l.I=i1:l!S dled on !l'I~ liIIarch t :t!ftl,~ Tbe.DdcnJ. ell 1!<! NI)"'I!iY~r ['i;!l~ .. ' He becsuie !he rJlmnc:r 4)f AI~drDmiJ.oc.:,; (,i![.(;~tirn3l~eH;> J\nn., ,'" l~;t5i!~%" M,;1.Tbl~r.l.'.:, IBlJdchla,ll wL.d l.-d:E!.Pn.,u

KORES$E5

Ttl!!: :F<'IJI'I'11~:r of KD~ (Jr~m-at'i'1' ,;:ULi! the Dl'M~ !;!o~h;tii: ~;roro~) I!1Ft~ l1Ippl!ar?; in 'Byu!Jir~il.lrn_ .iII.. twrun:b-c~TrtlJry ~r.iLl l:.elLII~g;3 [0 .(i. ·K.rr!,:i~['_"1l1iu.-oo K~~;'~ !1Iald. .a [JJ:JcUuunt of J~I!:r ~ ~6o.i! !qJ"al:!; cf;!IJ ;.:~~ fiojj. MILIo:JH'..qpi1l'T1 ill !Q;ph."iQnh_"" [11 t@i N~ko.!a.om-; KfI",!C~ aud i1i~ ~Qn :.'.JaJtVii!!l are ~1!fl~1LaI.'7 Thi:' 'I!{tlH.2i~ ea't[l,bti!l;b~L t~le:fru:el'i .. es in Oti~ Irem the &mL~~lh C.:tlj~IT'!" OOW;Lroik and b!::v:I-I!111: et'le: of the: ~ ~t'llJill!f:il~ 1~01IIl~ ~.IJ!':i'E, .. ~·W'e do ,[,lol ~.fIO"'(O' hew Ut-e' :n.1,rnr~ ofDI:Hlikali C!!ll~~ 't4~ Iu, l.!daptOO by iIl1te m.lli.1}',

[J~- D;ur~g Ko!."ir.S";~~:; Deusas 'iKQre::::13 (0 .tio!l'Llt;(I:l· ~ &p..rov,~l is !T.Ie.fIbwnOO. in .;1, t,let:;!.lIlIl'i:tri.t or (:hlli:imliLa:r da(>::d. in N!':I\'ClrIlbCi' I $~ 1-k wn.,o; ::'i~ odd! ~d' tha~ ~[cry.'~ It i_,; ~Lbl.c ~l\."1.t thE JiIWlI M1gbt ~IE idlCi1.1iliro w:i[}L a.KQ~cs 1.ur.:!iLlilooud 'iJil1:h~ ~,iLr::; [341 <1M! I ~'j, as inh."1.b~tl[il1l SeTT~'~~

I 'f,,~ ",Il!Ut'~f',:a. Tp"n~':;"""" .!iI:rI~j,!""Li ~Lp:m.:4l~".'r'.~' "'::;'~~'<I ~ ':LUi"'" .",;" R'¥"\!Jotv ~-JtflL 1·[i<Kl:tjWM'l'~~' ~fo:: the i~ ~;I 'T .. ~111t-i;>:1i'li"I~. ' '.I'"ico&.n.. '"""~ 1~. T~~~PJf'X'~ I, ·A~~i.Jl'rjl!i"""'''l.tI (1~I~f~'~"

~ l'bidi" IL ~Il;t_ " tr., •• .... - • lIThr; I-II~ of fub&o'i'lIUI ~I ..... ~ I"11li'j'i11l-)'ed !fit' llIfi'U!'I1!' 11A'i"" .lW.!JYI'I~ I." ,ru,1r ~I~,

tr. 11.r; ilglUiilJre of ,\I~ II [ h'TlI..dI ~i'1. !D.. t>,. :t~'ii.~~~ 1...: ~"""",IJ. J'_.fkl'l~ nl a.'I!."~.

~"'''''~ dj Tn!bi;!lIrv:', ""fo'Jl1r<h~ V.mi\'k11l' (J\oiri'l ~-:rr-l. p, n- "'

~ Sp. 1', 'jAI1L1''"u, ''fa i",:!nm!~l.iIII'ID~~ ;iil>J"dt, .,,~ T~,i!aJnl)" ~"" '~_\1I'O'Mf>"'~

M~:\ llul-'il~""'. NP., 4 ( I !'IO?). ~71,

• Hid,. p, ~i'li. ~ Ilbi>J.., 'I'p.. "l'j'ji--B, • I~ .• rl" --..;. ...... ~.

Eo ibid, '1" a~ J Illlitl_, 'P. 2'Jl(l, I. l~I~,L

Ii I'bi>;l" I" ~m. LI il'll,l~ p. ~., IJ 11m! , r, ~ ...

I .. II,JI,L., ~~... I. 1_"I1'':-eL1i. o.l~I'Q {J'lI:t.01'_l, I" rj~, n", Itt·

~. MM. 'II, I!o.. \1:0:1,' 11 M M, II, I" ~Ib. _, ....

,. 1;111' the- 1Kotnt+1 tlr,at.i~ .''" [;_ 1, :r.~1.'~1 ... '''''''1'' r~' ,'(",'~ I~ l,~II""'IL" '9':1-ll~' ~ ..... If" ~.'

I!.I'iJ~lui. Libro J'rJ~.h fQ. "O!;;o'1!il' ~Cl\1 (b ' . ..11111, ~!~~), I, I't"· liY"; ", f"" . .,lIt h"1 K 1 \1I'iJ. ,1,)'1,

I J"'. ....... I~1(o'i, i sc , 1(","", sse». 115 h~. ·I'\.

'" L, 1';'1!1, _r,.!orJ *(':'~ii,,'l~,lr. 'J:IP. 'I!~ ':1>.

'" r, r 1"11'1'1 L,', .1(iI" ,if, ... "rh,,"~ (L-'.J. i'~lJ'). 1"11. O!I, I ~-.!l, ""'11,1 I;ln.

K (lit: Ii]; TIK RS

Tb~ f~mil~" of K.:mrlikc.s (l{.;.I!,.wt~.Ij~, m"i.~ni1J1y K~,-{ ... tll>s) WILl of :\. ~ .. 1n~u:l:1 and. IIYW0:';3 j(t ;;:;:t~ttl1~ Lil RY'{ClnttLnl:! ~Ocif!.:Ly i:n ll,"".I'~~II~n Kourtil:io& "lto in 13'i~ Pl!1)~~rffi 1'1~~ impesial lI~G(: ~~ft.o:i;.L· wiLh hi~ tl~U~'il1 ..... CL;5 prob..1.l:.lr I~ wJu~ ~Ii ;Lp:i1n:;t l'b~ l~uJgBi['ia.L"'i several JI~!".S- kL'~L'.~ A~"I:l- [t 'L' ~"L__ iJl" _'I~_I .L - . . . d' . 1'kiler

AQU~,.s! 1l1~ .. U"ll:l!OOl.'i!:; .I':..JIl!ll~LI;!II'1, w~ ~I.;\I.'~ - wltb ~il;e 'n::l,![Jlt r K

S~~U~5- 3 and ","'.85 ~li::d kl 9 r ~ .. l' ll~ 9+"'~ Ma[]~tl RotITtiitl!!:; Jt1.:I~1 4~: st;;m11ri?'5 ~rph~]"(I.G~1'U1;I.J~ di:~~ro~, Rr.loJi"i:I~~ ,L!l~lIOFi'!! .. na~.al,)tI. ~ 1iI1ad~ 15!r.wn~aJ'M<I" N3 .~Ia .. ~ Later !;Iii! Ml'Chlllel K1)wt'tlke. ~!'I !DtiLlLM~ :u: a par:li!lul). r£ SkLeJ ~ . (97Gl·~ h~ .. Ul!!: ~:I~II[~ i:X!11GUrr a &!.ii'I!~~ :KJ:1'l~~t~, lLicll[l'!!l~i r Q.01~T11k:IO" woo QngJl13LLy t.fIJb"~ froootl .i!"dn .. nnople, fought 1L,g:.a13l!!it [b~ ~tlrJltmTL!. 7 HI!! I!I; pool.oclb&y th~ ~'1JI~ II.::l t1t~ Olll!: ~"'~lrlm nr'Ycnnio~ ~~r:.; -1, ~i.TiL 6fl\"i:k~pD .Palakikt-~.e An!;!thl!f" Kq!llrtikoi::4 'f!.'Ra im.pLi'="i:l"1lI;:~ i1'l the a)n~pirar::!f of A,"""i1:~ e. ] rl'Jj,1;I I~ ]2:].] ~ U!le.Bt ;L lneod~o;. Kdllle-!!Iw..s. '" 11.1, .0:; .. ] ~IJO the:r,e i:-; F!. p~. jlro!droJ Ndo:ol .... os KOOI, illi~1J ;ul{1 ~Jii tbe- f~n~'h i;(iO(u["'j" ;'I, !-Cdl:!e 'Ii.,.

• , H . ~ 'V'_ • 'K •. iD'Ii:Ip

n-~TW, 1I"!lI'J .,."u .f'Lo[I1!,lI'1"t"=\l..l.. ~n'Th'!!f..OIj:i!Xt~_a~~fle.'ka of ~~, T~X'J~

,Mn:.,,~, T~I' Jo7I!t KallJ'!'l'l9~ ~U;-~~IlI'Il~.1 J lqnB1l), ~In'~ KJ:itli:tlikBlL lIO[)!! kril3llfU Irnm D_gjl log;ra.pby. 14

T raa, D[]l!b:tn!01, :K!oIiu:1~ikinn.! ,\ ~W bl~;~~ the ~n~rip[LaI1'1: etoo~r. {f~L ,iI ... I!c~~ ~a .. ~ Tj} I\oI!~wl~J~ It ii, m.i't lX065ittle. 'i.o I'~i'l ruvw Ihis. JflL1l Datlhlnn. Kowukjtla 110'.'''; relaeed flJ !hol! .I..loUk3h ..

. 1~:lI. ]o.~ .. Dottik:I:L!:I: Ki!)'I~l!tik~:!i. LI'l;LTilnea Dfl<Llil-u.i5 l(DUh~e; ls 1ThIlt:l~I'i.I!¢j U1 ;3, nurnbee fI[ Itnp~ri<llL doiit:~lnoI:n~ of the ye<1lr~ J 2~3-4, <100 at tb;"t [iDM be fiUed ~ .p!:I'it of &ow . .00 ii1~ th~e of Th~kruDt1 (&,.i;f ~[!'Li ~Jniti' 7tLW ~"'I.:m"J .1& !(t;I.Orlts ,1.1, ~~'~~,Iififd ~ a t'L7-fI2Jl1PJ!"'i" oftbl> el1Ibpero-T l,o.:;u;]ll~ ]! I ,"1

Prop.r.rly ~p¢2Il:i."E:; a ~fo!tI,lW5' t!1' ~ht 1;rn.pt;t'CI~ ~d hn."~ bot" tM: h.U'~IlIl oilS tlll<:: ur L~i. w:i(c,," ";"l,o:;n." .13",t. ;1' -i" dd'i.rU[LL~ lL1u .... " Ill'III~ ilIo.:: dMJp:ll[.U1; (It 'Thoc>dlom~ I IAli5)1:n.ru ..... ;;:1"1:,. mnrried [!!I OOLe:r men ~l1d lC!al~l1.C ~Lli!I nnt 1liJ.'o'I!. 'b~CI1, UI;G bLisbiLlLd -of one i:d' rnQll;. }'u!.o:I~= rnfir.i.l.L or Ilbr: ;:;amt: 'p=1"ind js ;,1.'<00 ~"lJlJ~d a ~n"(L,I.,f;'p;!'';- i:lf Iuunncs Ill.! 2'i:.T:""';JIIJH!~ ImJn imii.c;;m~: ::II di ~"ren1 t~laolioll9U&i' here 'IoYtlidJ ll1: i~ nom r~ilble to ,Jt1LI~aUl:kirl"'-

1: loll. G~I['~ktS ])OI~kn;~M'iZL'IlIj~Jj;M 1Uiurtik,=. H~ 'iN;\.'; .111 Qffi..!;i!L] or 1:he !l!.ll'LpirE: of T~bh[]IJll 0I1i.cl. ::I~ a doc-wn~Lt, rI;z,ted ~''''l(:lT1ber 1343 • .:d.'; 5rt.woX 7'~~ KpjJ.1'"IlIU';1;i !'ii~ '::_"':":'i1 ~.t" !!I.~(i...".~~ ~ ~~~iWI" nWpy11K o!1il1l1oM1" M.n'ftin;r; a, I'PI!P;fI~~.l

L.i\.SKAR Hi

LIMPIDAR ss

MAGHO:N!I!OS

11;11. [lIL'luk .. 1::I MFH:'il;nr~ ~ A d6Gllm~t djn,-re9 :-ro,!(:lI'jl:Jt::P" '3-7~ ; ..... igll,I(:o.! ~TlliIJI~ utll(:['j; ~ d ~[J'w.~~ Xl! Li "rp!:HMJ:I Li I(M ~yi.w l\yJ.w~ tllI!l"l.oow~ .:l~D." Mn,.:wKtt~.1 ,,[In~ rN'ln~!oI~"~,," is pet:IlLiillL' caJ...a i.ll all p~bill'l'l ~yru[l!.

MALA-KIBS

S~tral n;:;::ll'L:1'S ~tt;,e. naJ1f1!ii }"f3M~ (.M,.,),.JI'trj~) aTe: J.:m;;)I.,'I~. Elltb}·.lt~ ;.. [i:l.b.l:1f"I:' ow'pica :!Io piDrmilloCt1.rt pl .... ce in the tleeological li;re~tlK~ ''If ~ ... ;:: ~ 'lIf Lht: i>flseloi. A :Ml"lnk.'e; W<Ill- a SlJlJ"PG'tCF nr: tbe. law: d"LiL·l.(;ol:ljtl~·~ct"'~I')" rt;"I."nk !!If .Phil;trii!h"opi:'!f~ in ,''-'iLl. Mbwr . .i! fill 'AVT'.)L'<"I· MI1)II:iItt'j~ "!I"~ "l'J:~ foI'l ...... ~ (XUI ,;,) v.'fIi:l :!Io :;oe:;rl~(oC.l AllH:lth~ ~bJ:. Di:':'Li:lL·jOO Skyli.~ MO!Ibkes. :E1.1,n, iii 137[1, c.U'Ille rmllL CQr:fu,~ All. aillt.mariWrj' Th~>1lro,; M<!Ildi:3- fl.oor~"h.OO in 1 ~s !;1Intl D~rnl!.'I:tiooMalakl.3 ia met l....itth in [9,! 4,0 In TT;~ there Wa.!:O Ii: r~~;:-';~.UIi" "N~R(.,!lIi'j£;.\i!i ...:.rt 'rIj";;. ~·/i.'9I· I~INIU ~~f'."~ l"!'1iiW~a5' ilVJil~ii"';; M~~.1 'Th-t mrlLfJJl1!-': r..Dn'llnu~d tr,; hi! LII!M .c~IJi'lilg thu Twrki&'h (I(i:lL'PlI.th:il~.!:

Thrl!. bt'=ILllIciI. !;if &lIik2lt Mal~Jh:~ i~ rep~r.rtl!d b:r l\~ m~~. TIlt aarne M P:lIhLioLoOg'I!'. is, ~tlDlldd(l1;1 il~ [M OC\1VI~ll!.i!li 3w(,1l'~1fI1'=' nf nru; .::!r inem .... nd DW LllA~' pcrhf.:!J!'lI ~~ th~[. (be Flllime !;:If ~l;~ fPI=d Oit'€:i:" '00 tbe! Mal::l.l:ai ~"'M'lLZh rJ. m~~l'.i:!llge 1.Io-ju~ a m~hct 0:[ the thL~llIth·~tlll:)' PalaioL-ogrii. l~ ~~~r.:; !JtiLt me n;!j~Ue of ]~ubs pro....ed p:J¥'I.liIIllL· in tllil! [amil,:! .;md e~"Ell!uallr e."Utl1! lC! hi} ll:';W act :[i. nr:st Iliilrmc. A Db~k'I~ M;~I0:.!"!~5-., ~op::tbp.[" IVL'l.ll i)'tl~l;:[,; d hi5. ~c ~l:s:'L::l <lin .jIn:;"hiAipi:3~o,~1.~ tk...:;u.m~t J"'I!11-f: ~T :I sGg.~

I 1.9- :r.u.~Ul';::~ Dflu]ms M~oCs!. & 'I/f:M. n ~L:r.ik ~~hl;l tllIur~tLCdi in llJ.iE mjdwfu!.1'f~!1dl e:t1~~~lry. 01111,/ omit :m.1m,lISLa·jpt or hls ~!.J~. 1.1LE -ot'!d. Mot"i.8~n!lii'!' ~ ['6 oont;~i.lliilg ..... l;Id:.s or Gre.!ttl~i.a.s. NiUWI1ii:.:L'(L'i, lio'llkb ..... ;.~ "...nt~~n jn NweJnb.::r 1Si]&, The ~pbot~ iI\~ad~: Je .. tF' ~f"I,¥,:I\II!~a·Li '~.-IJ.I~L! jCil.~i(i]. '2'1'1~~ MaJ;~. '1-1 ""'¥DiicrG .(iro1tll)-ll~ Jlr~~II!i' fTIi'..\rn:.i9'7,l rt<l-t.l: I-lJlI'!JI ~';~',;Pjl.-W T~ ~1'Il'i" ~....5~,}(I,!;, 1"lIii ~W!lir .1-n!~f' II!!

"',,,, L.l A~:t: to! US T 1"3

or::iJJllpm!l,~d (lC(:I)t"S -onl,!" o[)ce,~ His Itpil.;:!pla Wall lhITi1tell. by }"brlllJr.L H4l&;.~tc. .... ,hl) p~;J.i~ hiill a~ bililtg

~L~1"ji' X'¥"".I",'iiL' oj! ~,~ ~,.:~ lI'~nT,;.; ""n; ... ,,¥~;;~ ~1W, __ ,-&ro,,_,

']1Li!- :;lIl«..:ltt.:l!' l1u::ll af K.oIlil13tal1tiltA!oS hucl piLrBl1!I; w:h", I"'~t'(; hurD illl thn ~~Up!J. oiIM also hrillF! lh~ dign~t:r- (If LAeI'JlI[", ~~l?led I~itlt 1l1,1i; n;..!~ DE' nl1"cnni"Ji, 1.:1[1.01. ;di.-ll>1:hW lCt tl:10:0 :r.,.lnlin&:~loi., lbi.:3 ddct'iptilJl~ pOO[lJ:l. W Mk1'11''h~~~ Sl) tJUL1D!:i ilOO Ili.o.; wire r ~:llII:i:l J I}J., Ap-f'"IJI~nIb1'r' ':Uli!! I;Ir tbcir. cn!ldT~ ¥mlj. elaimed ;u, t~ iLm:~~1'lT of tho:: Th~[I,'lhn TTh>'grImer;:, 11M: M1f111e 9f'[)a.\I."b:a,oorrlJ.:: b:r d:II:. :tilm1il~', (lQ\I"d be ~;i.LI!ib~)' I!CI:p!aintil1:y tbi.,,: cn~lle<:t~ mlhL tl~ DDIl~iw~~Qi.

K.oooL::l[ij,nUt1o~ M.fIlw&Cno~ III ·~l1rtIOO¢;l. -('.-." iilre IF!St 1lme: m -5'_ ~ 2,j2 • .... hen

Mi(il~FI,{'L 11 []f Eplrus entrustutl a nl1li2:i{Jnw hi!rtl .• lit! ILl!d !1!Il~ I:fl'!rrrr.c m!Lnitd M:1.n:l Komncee '(\nge'iim!,. :!'I d:!lll.:ll!ih~~ of _'"~ir:h~1 .t 15 Grr Hpi'I'\!~,] 'Tho!'f llad at least one ann .:-liirr:iI<!I1l": 1,~~. &DI1i::~LIot:l~~I]OO assumed the illDII!&!-tit: hilibiL 'iliitiU:lIlt !l:ln ... ~git.11:!i his llI;:[jm!::~ and died semefime l)r.rIj['oe Ot:ooher l !!~Jl.'~

[;:;:~_ N'ik[]hL!:I~ K!ilarI!1In:~D!I. M~~M(;Il/IlI:;' Dijll"llu!i!l!: A:~~!I11;!; tll~~(:.~..n~Q:;)! ]..ik.!: his J2IIru:r lK'D11Iat30m.oD~ [:11, NLl:.clzioI:: i!:i rtIootl~ adl.otrd K~,rll~1ba}"'1n.1w~nL')ll.,~ b~Lt OlIl, ]~vl!;.al, ~:;t:L:~~~ the nnmes r.t L~Il::L'!:1 n~ H~p.f1I1~ [lJroP. in.z:hHkrl itL hia oom.ix~1JoDd. Thr~ name t:!r AlL1:;dill, f~Ui:lldy w;.erl,,~ 'W3.3

pLiI:S!.IDl2lbly inMr'i1~ fl"(lo.TE1 iti~ m.ot!<llf~~. _ .. _. .

NiklJl«P:I!I; l~I<!IUL·.ia:l A:rill:i~ !P':i!laloLogin:1, IjiJ, :a ~wt:1i d ~lii=~~Kl .\0 III, oornl;'tLme .·C· r ...... '" Th""''1 JJ.o1d ,n l,e,'~t !.'Jill! IQn Ioannes 'Lvf1i:J lS In~1! G'l.!lm 'KufiI:::!II'IlUII!lII .. ''''.:JU· ... ...nl.....".. M

J~en,oo M[Lli'M~, and, !:jill;." L", .. dy does be: IL"i'e thE: 112IJ!I~. of hl""'~ :1.. Angr.h.loJ· h lit" !:iE'/iEmi~ of ~11.:: lllhirti:oL1.I, otlltml' ['o,hkrllo:itt: ::1m] 1:J1S~.rjft :cawlli::d the menastie n:!llbiit \J,\~th 1&1!l: .I~~ -of [~:L"ilLPl. ,:lll!!l. ,/.iurtblYlJoW, !lIntll\~tLTl!-d

lCt Ket'li. Pelf n wbl:>T~ tbe:y rliEil ~r 1 :;:I.$o .. n _ _

If: 1~ mIl riaf~!!tl}' dw who the mLIlIJ.: Ntj]oo ~\ .... I.i:t.:::I![lfI:l wrLi:l, He l~ me:.:rI''''l;)lu~t:l iii b,,'(tI lIt!cripllOll!. of 'O~~1t:. ',E11~$,;, tlu: Iii~l eaLli..".gltim ~ M~

r:ifc:ll'e' mOfu1St'Criu illl'lrl ~be dtlt~r ,

rn S.[lM~,la~..w;'DIl ,!W!'<~~ ;,lhlJo1 M ... Jiil"llltjvdll ~K ~U,n..l..r.:.tIJ ~,,~

N.ri1iDI' ;LroKL~~U _ • ,ll _ ,

.- '" ~,,'-~ ' .. ",,-,,~ """""';J.LlI!E

Titc oomen~i'on tb;Lt, Nt:i~ ~~1L!i !'.!I seeend rn.mu\M]C' ll,,"1l1T1l': m .~]I:i:VJ"-'UQ .. , ... ,."

ID be prnwe:d .. It J~ pouibJG ~h.~.1:.b~ wa5 :!II"111:1!~li:'I' son of 1I{!:.II~ll:ullLlLli):5,

TIL!!! Ma.li:l5EJM (~lI(!l), nol~t 1.tJ hI:! or::[')li1fm;~d 'Witli! the Me:iissl!'lIl:(i,] ""'(:J;e ..... -caJtb~' and ptlIiIIfeJ rue 1!i..I~dktrili ill lILirl6!;l]tll.~I1~m~· 'l'h~Ly wh~l'~ tbtry' bll]l~ their f.i:lmi Iy mestasreries of '~ JErrlaid¢rtw!l at MJ.1.kr:inlml!l Sind N~~~ J1.~ near [.':n.n;J.n:1..~ It is tltroogit the: ~Ill"'i,'~d al"eh~~ of 1:be::;~ fal!lJtcl~rlOJt:: t~t ~ uf I:ilJr illfbn1!l:lltiwJ, 1:1(11 1:h.c M[!Jla,osenoi bill bEo:;IOI tr:Ln!S'lnit(~. Not 1I'rj1l.l1i~ IlIf ~beiT membt:i':! at~ L~. hut ~es~ l"C"Lc'l became ~ry [\I!b,~;::d a:.y J:lta.rriag~ bt;Jth with die inl?ti1a.L filu:lUy (If ('0['1.st.'1Jillllo:aplc Sind with !]rl~ J1Quk.oj-AIl~'CI.oj d'EpinJ!l:,

NCiI mueh ]1,;1.1 been preserved Cm lilA! b."1£~d aftb~ f~tlliLy. In 'l! "T!J[lIol;l'll:IjI!.a. d;J.~ 10 Sepbi:J)Lbc[" [r~ ~.~ E!. ~ K~ ]i,,'T.kma-o:s ,MaJi(t::~ ~ .. .IT:I~ntioLl~IiI.!!! Tbi.o: man migitt wE1L ba~ been the ,furuIJd~r 'Of the: Eamily :a:1~tl !Jw. t'hth!}[' or KoJL!:Ol=LLi~t:r': 131. Tlill! .ibrm ~flJ)ol~~ - ir.s ,~~i.o:~mc;:; is a.p~~~!.l)l lMl :liMc;l.¢:I c~c:rt - Jtlt~t be the l ~u1Jt rJtil, p.:11B.i:o,!O~¥hk..i erreriu plaec ",I" .Mn);I>llJJ'll~,

i 2I_KImi5l8.fi'M[]" I{~\Er1nI.t!J1~ M!itli8Seltll!!: ])~lIoa B~fI:!l. Kiln. .. mli'-iillm i!l ~tlr ~I~ K>I)mm::rI<:I!I; MlI]liaM:.'~D.:l,r lW1i th~ names of DOLlhs.!:1.I~n1 ISryffI.JUw" :1.1"(: occa.o.;]an:lllJ)' at~iLl:.floo tG hi.Jn.> whilll::: the fuJI fOOf-.name

:'otE LA,I;.; I L 11.1 XQ!

I~ Jll~IIILi.o:m"4'Id il~, 137',' M'f1Rut:L :Mt!bdui1bl]G '!'t1l:3 ~ Pr:l~1 of Philo:iddphilll, A prje:;t f~crJ'TII _L',":l7fLl, Ft:ll;1J!. )'fcla~hriTlm, 8Vpatn;1I'1 a loo.ai urJ~umrnt ctf 1447.J Illi ~ Ve.l'Jc1..li!llt"i (iOo.;'1fl'lll~lI'1t of J 'b30 ~"""I!I"a.1 :M~d~1 itlt<l ~lkm~ rios lo;:l.11n,eJ; Cror!,:i.oo) ;:'~I! i.11'.:I!JIJ....--d aIJWJL;!I: illLe m~1'C 'lfuili~ui::lh~d dti:;';("II;; ef Th~I.-.ni('<'i, ~ wbik: :;o:I1I'LC ';7J~ILJ<A< !l)f th~ ':;R.'mC. DfI'lb}J! at'll: l:mD'Wll in ,1Ie I1.uT~tl!lI1llh I:~mllt y.!

I!2;5. :r03iilUi~S. .D011li::JS MJ)]t!ld:rln!l5: A .:iC,,-lJIDJ!JLL J rb~ ~·I'!;tT '115 00J1- d,;r~lTIl!!: m!: el11lroc.ye!5 til:'" !he ~;tI;n!1, ;n 1M: ubl:dct .:1r TI~1'Qnieil; b!:.;,:.n; the aigwlflil.UI."~: ' 0 5!1"tilll~ TQli 'o;p;iT(l)L0~ !N!L d~u ~n.."i .. ","'~'''''TDL!'''':n.i p.nal:l<' ... ~ '/.;.0.:::"""'1",slli<f ~ .M~),~~LJS ~&o 1i!!o{~;1I.",I",~ The ~di[1l.r =~i!:le'r.:; dilL"; W«!! ,ooL't a$ ref.!:rJ'ing 1~) tbt rank or Ioaunes Md~:I.1t.1tn[1Ci!i, ~~cmibfy 81 ~~"cL"'!l!:Ir i!lt -1 ne;lalo:n'ka s![ th[l,"t ~.ime., Thli!; .:'~"'Ln1Trl'.It be aceepred,

A I;le"" I7»tbl:.ll[l~ItaI-r V~I~(;taall dlJt:lJtllL![lt r-r.fJ!'T.1 io .1, Doukas Mcl<lA::ltriIJlZ, ;!I iI1Obl~ reii3C"ikt ofThNS.'!O'ru~ in , .pl-5o, ""'])00[; I"IUlh'il(ly ~lm.waJLCoe v.r.kS iR.4'l:"(::aI'~ fro:mL i'D ~.o , I;)IJ ;~"j. by tb!l: 'h~.'1:etio:L~ :'lP.n;lbl~,1' $~U"~lr ~li~ "-""(100 [Jolli:.a!. L:a LICK :lL na.m!:". 'U'be ,,~,d ~~~ in the C~l:. dctJ!iLlJ11t:J~t oL:lLltlr.ll<l bioi 'lLlLydlm!l: but the ;rurJ'l!1ltrllil: ef Mcl(l,~Ir!Tino~;n ;~n ilrr.lui.iL; lL;1rm_ h t:.; t'lTf likoclr fll>1t both NI):-rCrLCC;; ~llk of ... n~ <lind till" ~!I~ .tItWLj ,loollJut:l DciwPi::u: 1fdwrl~rjrlw.

MAM.-\ I, 15

M A 'f [J.R OM,I!: N OR

MOO112!)'Jph~ (.M.o~~~'!.o-;J ..... sa origi]l,,11~y n m.:1di1:iJL!l" nidl1aJii.t , ...... lticlL "'~ g'i,'I}C'n '~r,; A1s;,;ifl~ V l:t1S, Choo;il,~~, b~ pre;~~ i!:!. LI~Fig by :J;mtill'1g 'tl:i;tt Al~",im; ~y&5: so -c~l'Jed br.~LI~ tlif uood to eOnU,R'l:t Ihii oP.~bl:'l:l\."::; l[l such a .. ,,':fLy dLl:l.\ ;]~ey .D;PIX:il.~ bll lnL~[ (I{IIcr 1m ~~J TIle ~.iL.:b~WI"LJ! \~~ 1;:Ii~el m~ "':' a ~'LllrJH!,,[IiI~ Im I ~,r 3 we meet M'.1:nHL!~ lVLblJn i::lh't1'phlo~~ .fIlUi an L37.:a- the _pri~t r\ru:kQnlb~ 14rturt2olJphkw;,Ji:I M.x¥o;-.to~,II1J" l:; nlsn a 1I:~.q.iI]i:t:fIl1 t"lal'Tl'<!: ·in the

lIIr,;r.tb ~g~r1. .s~.',i . __

Th.4i two l")Qui.:;d wbfl aee also .c.11lllr.l 'Milu['i:!oup!1kii lJ~ar dl3.l name d{:Fimte~'

as 'EL nicknnme. It i..:; 0It;t;: d'Ct1T ~ 'lh,,~r an0t':5~~ '!.'oIEI'e'_

I~fi,- .AI~n'!ll9 ]k.~"klll:O;: T.1~c; 'U.!11rfttJ"[l!I~WIl!t 'Bv~~mll"le ~tL].i"tL'Qt ,\lexim; V Th!illk'L~ i1. us,wiJJ~· rJ"l!£rnd 10 ~'~ho!'! !OOIl~IiL:.tl)PHIJ,'I~l~ rdrl[1aDl(; of ~,[nI1I:"I:urLllphloo,'~

,..,1 NAJlII: (IF DCH,' ...... ,; [1'0"" 01'H.f.J.l i'J\!'IIHdIE.3

"}rl.:, ~ ~ A Bl.lppo.!ffi nl)bk a[]J!G![l:'"~' ~~Plle:.!lE'~ to ll;LV(; h~elL ['I .. ~t

..1..1.- ~ may probab I "'. bit due to tlil~ ir)'L\ariabl~ hO!-tllity ~hlJl.y ~.~I~' b\lt

_ ~ . I I JL L<.I 1~rn. 1...

botl:r GR>tli: .!I lid. ~~rn r::[lronl~ t"'r.:;. _ '.~

Littlr:- in!On:rurrfion Ol~ /!of Olilrl7.r;;Llplr.kl~ I:IrUior !a !!:H;Jml.LJa.~· 121:"< hn.-; ,

_.. . 'I' _ • \{' . "",. !-lJ:nr.r~!!r:ll

On t11111! da.y he [J1.;'jJl.;l~ 1.0 6Verrulro~~ H C;>o:roa ~. Angeiu~, \\'b;::rftJ ~., .

pri<.o:lll and 9uitdy disp':nro of." (~ ... rI;~,p: ta~[', J ...... ~i~~ br.: himadf b~~t1l1~ :Llt ,1_1'Ii:.(! Vnd.tr ~i5 predor:or.CE(JL'. ~km r1:r.OllPbJ00 Wa.:! ILt:l.d in .higJ~ "'~b!:e:rtL ;rM ce ~~IIIt'"

. I"I'._........ L • _ rrlln;tne~

and exti~ed ~tIolDlc mHLloLC~'_ [11~ ?~O c.arr:l!:u. Lw:': _oril:gIM)' of ~1ow'':m:I~ ~

':\n ;!,conymoLll G r=k dlro~~!~ clnl"~::; thllj~ belore iflJ's a~Cll:i&JI')I'1, A Ie'Jo:i.n~ '1i11r:.d. thr:: ~ Dr mt:go'U ;}-oLt.i ~t Thll;.l~ ~rurmJ)i w,~ng :!!Il.d CQult( ha\?oli .,rnl!Q}~l'[Jtl~ ,;:L llWurlder.:~ilnt3'llg .;IL 1]1£ ~,iojiILOOt~ll Dr=rwM.. T~'~ !i~ ~e JtI~1'1\J£i dr.re.nbr::!! 11111'11 as ;111 -oJd .w~[J .,Ild d~I'ef:n[, having !1iWII.I11 [blcik b:]~r ~nd .'1 dl:i!::l;, b~~1t'o!1" ~ ;\ ,., .. eel.:: ~~ hi.::>: r:::c~p, .~r""urt~olJpl.IQ~ WIL'5 or;;r:~'I~ed j~ tlae r;~lJr~h (lfSt ~~nia:~ J-:I~ KriI.~III.OO LIIL ~ l:ilgil oFh~~ LI'lIIhl tiJ!!;! 1!J~'e of (,:oru.[a[I:llnl)'p~Il"!-: fSlIl '00 ,1IJ.;;, F ean kf.!

&iefon::: he b«,-I!['l!ir=. ~tlhl'lt!rO~, )!ful.ld1lflLJpl~too .b:.!id. lIl.i1rricd :a d:fr.u..&tttr of PbiJ~ ..,..,oom I~~ ~0l:3 to h.we deserted ,ro:!' the :ilak~ (If F.~ldoki3. lhl!: Ilkillighrer of • 'IJ~ia~ III liLlld Euphro:;rn<: 1'01. J!1 ~'!: 'C<'lIen.in.g or l ~ April fol!O<j., :M!:lurl~ II:oI)lLph~ acad~ hi! ~ ... ;r,~' out r:rf r~~!:~I:I~:illlolJ'pl!!: rnJl;jl~g w.ith Mom Euclckin, ;8[1rjJ her iJlmher. At M..r,t;;fltopnlL: ltl:'lllar[',i~lEu[t.r;:.]'da, bur hi~ ~ub~~!J>!!ntl!..m~~llItll~ jJJ'0l."ed 111a~r:::._ M-e:oti,(l~ n i" tlt:lW iwLhr:['-i.I~-Ja,w til M~r,r~7gUp"J)IMt;, h;rt~ JrjI1l1 R.l'Jn in the pr(:3O'L(;1f of E.'lJ.dr:LkiR had him blillQ.tu in 1!1. lauth., n~l't'Ed hi: .:It I i tile rQ!:l:lI!£r lI.:inj,.!'troT 'WlIlnde~ ::IIfl}11Jld in Moo}m-opo[is ur:rt:li the end of 1l1~ ytilr wl\ffl he ' ...... '!I: rI;.o'1.U_grol hy the oI!m.I:~rI;:r.::, Olil~ of theh ~1'Ita:iIL~: Tld~I7}' doll Lb1i~,

'"'0 U I~T7. 0'1:1' &l'L '.U

L:tl Ciu~hl! bifn l),o,c'k tc Lbm1'm~_I}<Jop]e, ::md r'hrtrc::!!ll. illlt,umiU'l plUliihmtnt WB 'i1LilIiclAil UPIJI~ MrolTI;o>1lJllphlo5. iIo'stol.~ihty f,:'tr lib. tl'M'iWl 'I!:Illr.lr.:'l~ Iflo!: "l::r.wfu.]· iEIllp~r AI.o!'..xJttl TV. The b1~I!.d man \11M 'LhluWI1 dmNn f['(lm. :r. nLgh -ool.1Il'IID am:l 'Wa.li icilk-.d im;t.mu,}'_1

A oouph: o[mini::!ltkll'f!!; ~ AI~ioi. V Dl:!llk;v: j.lILve bcI!Il.PT~l!noed,~

J:2,,_ :1!!:liAAiloli.olllsD.m:rHtIll'; ~ Tne /Jrimlkriru !~::rf1l~ioo D.:r1J1:::!.s, n;rlm.;.rn~ 'MIiJI,]['r IZOr,phlO,\, wa.;:, am o(f~c~1 duLir:r1!j tlr.e l:ut 'yel'I~ or tlM: .Nk::l.!!o'11:1 cmpir>t, ~ II r, L~~id hiE 'LIlli!:: sent :<i!': ;:;11IJ~clr.J[, m MidHll!!11 411 orEpJr.1ls,~ ;'lid rour' ~~ b.e- he wa::: p.1.Iit ~I.l romm!l!l'1d 4)'I'i!I~ ::!IrriLy ~~ll!Il UrN: Bul!t"'ci;I.T1!;,~,

MOUZAK.!()S

'Thl!: coilID10fl TlI:1.Tne MJ'..IIlI~~1 (.'~lI~~: nlder ooml M<l"~.s'l iJ:, ~~~ll'y ror=g,arderil as king of Alb.'lJI.l~1'1 !!)l'i.girr, ~ 8~'~r.'1 ~1'Il;;~ oIJf It RTe .&00i\f~ oiiL11I11J,!,': 11K Bv;o::u:rtiM p¢r:ir,;d and iIII," ~1~r.:C!Utll~~U. ,IlL ;5IlIUCl!t'.!: fi'UlC UI.': o&k .. >EllIcb ~o:ntwy ~)]'LVf::'lrr;ls" It iii r:lifficult, ~r 'Il'I)'t ;mpo.'lWbbr., 1i!1' i;!:l(pl::!iir. i:h~ AI!he.ni.:!l1il dr:J'i":1!L.~ !!If tl~~wr:;L;;i dt!ril:lF! !.hat !S!IJtly p~i.OO. TIN: larue t1[fu~iJl."lj~M' wen or:H!tll1ly r:"'lf AJwl1i!t(!'l b:l1:k~I;l'jUl~. rr.:~ nl'i:; ill, M W'iI'p' ~['oJW~ l11;r,t bill: fi:r-.a.Lli[]~ l2nu.ltic:. (If [!'mt nalifl!i: WeJ-e Q{1he. =e: etb~lic ~r::[)._

OJ1Ly .jL &~w r:rI the l1I18ll~' Mi)IJ~!lik~L l;iJir:r l~ [llElllOOL1l:t:l llE.l,e. l\]mll. MI1IT1~ ~P:llk!':d:IL 1loo'Z:11l<~ r;rf 1~[I~llC\\'.I1 liI!'u name irr ~ rIlJ99_~ A <r.ru1m'" !Leon 1JI:I'L.I.~ ii.,.,etl. iL\ ,.1 1 [;1f1.? :lrlrl 'Al'ILaT~r ~ j'I·:r~!i' ut U~ fClI.H1CiCiDth ~~firr.l~_~ HI'" estate I)~ .,ltu'!o'tb~ )"iG'LJ<Ull~ i:p re~l'T~d to II'L a diK,llmCfl,t ~f I :'104&.1 A [lJ.a.iLlli(;Tip~ nrn'iOl;! oUif ilir: }<:""LT 1441 P. tc~Ltiot'L5 ", 1"]1~i'i1D'U!1; MflLt.dcs.'~ Tn~~ ~ alXl :::r. ~l:ial

THl!: U .... ;jof)j. (,It< il~~UKA;:I J~ OTHf-:I!. FiLMILI'E!.~

~ to N~~ MaiJ2;.~, 1 [TIl the ia!<'!r pcr.i",d tbF" "'atl'l~ M'tHoI~'~ bcto:m~ \'~1' oommO['L It) many p:trhl: (I~ tb~ 11.,,;11;021·;: wor["L~

laG.. TheodON:5 &uk.n.~ M[]1.iI~ u, 1t;.i.c!5 ~ r le lliwd ~n. i:b~ [ninee.Htb I!~

and diod as the monk Tb~[(;;l:e~ ilion ::;:4 lJeor:liLlh~!r' ~ ~Il 1U!'li:.:r]I) .... n :;:,Y, ThrodOT0.5 ~)mL6:s l.f(JU2.~l:ioo had giI\"l'.tt). ;lin ttJTI.'T1Ii~1ucrl ]0011 Or St ~ h _ aOO rL'1t:I hI potJV'I'r·.:L to the IJ1.OO.;1srery 1:1[ l"he;::,m~"0[);3 l'W lk.d",iol'i '.E'~;o;o-;- ~

. • . ....:15' llL

C.om:l=1bllOpleo, He h~~ li«1!1 ,.~ I_f;I!l ;l'jr,';\f!l~,

_:""Coiliing i~ knnwn mL [!..~ f;L'I'iI~i!:t: ~I~n~~~oru, of 'l1l~I:;:Io!;, The tlil!1.!1Ti~ IJf his d-i'l~'gh[er lJ:l :!I. J~I,(;j':IllH:r ttf'LIu: 1-':':IEflLlUg house, as 'INoIi.H ;~tht: \\1'OJ d ~r:,...crro;r-:; . .... ·l1iclw i::; a.FI~li!!d ro IllTn, indicare !.~itiLl. ]~i~ ha"'):grOUILd ..... 11,& [lot 91 hmtlbfu rJm:

TI~' 1:ruJ.wn daughter 'I,\f8~ f.lj(Jr:ilia J 97-, !11M ~!w._ became- ~1JCi wifoP. IIlF Theodoros K(lI1r;m~ ~ lQuikn.cs Srl~iMile_l~ r¢_l.

MOUZA.r..ON

TJw: !-U.I El.3LDt:· M[]IJ1!:!I~ (lk!J{.iA,:.:.rv} .is ~r.II~'I; '11,riith in iJtl! ~I:ILI~ [['(!IJtL ~},'C oiIl;cl'el~i:h GefU1I1)'! and in the ~riiJd. Dr the Pal;!ljl;ll~ be;;::DtI~1!!-; ",olTlpa''ati'!!cl.~' wiM-. ~p~rl, !Se-\"CTlIIL .MI)i.J~·a!coo1:~ oceupied ~Llj~1. ~~~~ .(I,lld dllJIT,l~ oft:itD.. Niloollll~ :M,u.lli':.aJon W!I-'i the pa.li_riiaro;,:h of iCorul[a~I-tiI1.~!lpl~ in 114 ';1-!'j! 1 !lind 11 :I~am~~ or his ~ll:l~ hishop of Ali[])'kl~i room. .B.rlllirw.;LI~h~ At 1iL.1~~l'Xilml;!l~l.y tb~ rut.EI~ tillle,i'i Jl&f:ori:4p '!I'& pryrOpflJ{;' MIlI]~krn :ltm.llri~b~,~ (;~af!l:~ Mo.l~IIiLo..I 'Hi!tiI bit fh'l'.! hrothtru h=~ Pi)'Alff[LlL ;~Ild 'r1IIlJCll ~Iab"d. during thtL'4!L_gn of Thc:~ H (! ~.j4~)' TI~q 'Wl:il'r.: men or bumbtc "}'.fis:il~ f!'>l)rTlI Ad .• lII~tly;~i(la," 3ir.d ''=ry' shouly i:ln=- tITle death tlr tl;o!!:t o=rnf"'!n:1oT taL.1::Ji all [""Lm~ Ito a ~fI~lLl I~. G:~ bAid Jil.ll.-rjm 1Jt.c Je3!i'tled: "l'lu:odOta r-;!hl!i.o.IQf!:i:ll;~~ CIInd beC'2lI~I.~ t~e fmtM;r ar ;;mQ'11::~r dJsliml~Ij_,:i1c:d olT!oI:bl and 3:1It~1l.'N -.rn~[]1:qj Mowi:abJ~. [[0 I n ~ :1:75 .£I :\l.:.nlJ~ ~[ou~1Mn ~r:ru::flbDn~d" and later in L"'~ ocntu;ry il~~ .-Inm~~ ~ J!.tlNTltr~ S.'L!:!ph;!.nO:! MOll~!:I<klilb 1.1: TI~C' t>!'blI1~-r It\QIlI5iiz:u1~in(l::; ~u~dtln I;'lIlll~ f17l)m

M 0 U'2: .... r, ON' • .f.I

Thd:ialtl"'~'" {[ ::10';14),' Ky<JI,,'I~m'-~ Wl'U'LG a 11!.1Tt'T !n a .MJOIJ:2::IIliJn r31t3 b.P who

:r1u~b~, r::":!ill_b~r ~ Idc.Lli.ru,_d mUI a wr,.al'lI~ 1;O'f.:,l~rn~., oi 1f]1')!t' rirncl [OiUlnt:l MO'I.rl!;.!LOO' do T~~I; ~I.""~d JI!1 I. JiH'.~ fl,1}jj [no: l-!I."P'l.,[J.arln~ DCLlI;tno:o; :\~o!ILlEl.IO~ ia I:I1tflrt1O::!I~orl. ;"'~ d.tiad kLl ..... ~PIll~IEluS ~~lI!t Dr J '1; I ,:I.

1~9. I~'f1'n.ol!!;; )[)[lllk:Jl!il M·lJu:r.;U!!In, Hi!! 11IMrlI ;1) the ~nll bill C<~ the ro!llln~r1rh c:G'l1Itul':r- iU..u is. ~Y kn.qwn fI"Q[I!I 'itt.:: poems or l'inl~, r re ~1 (';fLl~td rt\(fIit .innt.MrtoJ/' R!I!1rL th..::; '1~IL'(;,biillloly Jirulli!IUl '[1m .Lti;mnA:l:. ~l~f. )._{o~li'n ..... 'U a ),IU);o't dY.IIII';~'olIri1;oJ ~& ~I~,~ It i!l; ngl od~ ,,~ ... he !:I&![lILfftl. I!bi: iII..OI~ tit ~

THJ;; ~ ... ~a:. r.tP tl1Jt:I> ..... a IN O'elrl~R r-AI'o'IILIE.~

ha:5 O~ tha.I mos. ot N>01)1w11~;!jrotl.(:J' IEI;:mlJkripu; OOnt"";l1

01" bodI., til~ follO\\~ng \'mes: On", 11(,

(.1,) Tof. fi."D.flI~ 7,0].0 KI2i't.:ii .. eo;. 1l1Ip[S,

L\wo!i", a.klls li;;nl!lIT~i 1Opb'::l.~! MeI:E

(b) X~~ ,il""Fwif.,o,;,'i 'JrJ)"!'!""1! 7o!Iii &IIW,,-,;<

""L:. iJ'LJ.i'£z'~1l TflCNti'<t"""~I:;":r-lr-::~.(Jt!L

:-;~~T~;o;~1')1 w8-~ d~ p;<I~~ir.~'larLy ~etl .. ·~ N~1I:IJlF:n~i~1 .-.r hfb)Tne!l'~ I FiD:illy ~ 'NeqIlC'l.go'l w;JO:I thlt: ~r.tn.lDL-b\"o' nf '[I~I,;t.1.tbiom. Khm3lrn'OO (l g I r, .. ).,

- SL:'-"P.rul N~l.ollgo] :ru.aLul!l~d tht IJ;Ll~ f:lf DmL'lom!Ol til !be: ~l'r.J1~ I~r tD~ lh~ 1lhirLt:~th i:entl1rr arid Io.,~r. iklrnte. .-.r ~hern \nn: rd;tl:«l, to the .i:'a.b~. 'llI.i~ g">difl,tii."1ll!;;h~f.:! WIJId iii"'.'!} nome a.ooul a.:: 'd. resul t t';tf ,'i1.e t".Jr~iiD" ;mtI~ffl ..... ,I!.d. \'lith~lnt:: fum;~r 'r,.r~. !l!i1.1t.Jt lS_ :!Ii--;oo r~H)l~ tlia~ tll!:i!l'IaJrll:: 8r ~I~ ~[d to t:i1:L: fRrmi.l}1 tl:iroo_gh !>!. 1J!.'rri~ coududcd l:lt!~\'reeTl thr,: J'.ie'>[(j[l~ und an nBI£[itr.t'''''iJ~. 0011.!1;i.lTt IJr Mii~ VIII.

lSI.. Ah!ri9S IDlJuk;]l~ N~t!llJ1lfil)ll-l'1 :[n Septemb~l J 2br At~il!l' rKttl~ N~tnl'go:; ~~_gr'JHL a document ~ her: thlli:ll b-Olf: the dri!VJity if pWJ:.t~"j aud v: a::; got""erl1~ (If TI!lesii;tI[)El1ro;o,.) In th~ ~=t Iu: j::, r~~ to ;iL5. euwin (.!.f..w,;~~) to fit I'- tZl:iL,P ~l;I r . -10

]~~. KoiliJIj'.:;liEl.'t:i-'tI-ru:;; lhruk:.II:S Ne:stooil~, '.Lfl~ TUlmr, .gf Korrst.'I,TLTInoo D;illk:l:u.:: N~~s \~ho OOi"e ehe digtlity cf p&~ciitl&i~ to.r '//Utpt2'!1 jJ/tmrir:w& ~; gilo'Cri i~~ ~m text Dt" the t~ with t:iLo!! V~~L1;Lll); r.rf D ~~ June [-;:ij5:t ..... -h.idl 11¢ wii~.s Tn~["oP.. 2IFl:' all!:! tI!ML· td:~~tleei:l to him, l-\.iOl Offi(;l&l }'pntllfol'I. llid'Ib inl!i the d::u..:: £'WI:U~ indiction tV (p!"!l)l;GI~~I:r I:r.!g I} i:J.; :s~Ed. by~l:;zim.r.tIld.~ He is .. dllflo rnfm.tiOtn~ Ull :!il1o'l:iLer dtlL:U~"il"~lt II:If April t~!pQ

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IIM'~D~./L' };'~~TW ~":"1","~f1n..,)_'~ ....,L<L~fio'l' '~ii!'" .J~""_';' cL,..,...\N I'o::~ ~ lJw\.l.io:W)1""S; I~ F, ~r. P.rui'lI.i.irJ I?~!'t'n(('.m I[.¥rm ... m~ (i'o-'lr.mlt:'h,! ~'!"I~I\. 'Il' ~~. ~J~, .ii.ZJJ oITol ~:i!fI.'II"'" dM. !-ft,i/W., ~~ (i!III.",lih. l'!1'II(I, p-~. ]'hil!3 ~M"""iU~. J',.:::a. n. 1:::r.!1.

?.HE ;:II~I,j~ OF DOU" ..... :s. IN (JTI~E..I! P .... ·\[.IJ:..!I;'"

On 16 J~lJary 1~8~, I :M"ic]w:L m:.=lnl.;::d 'LilL': ii..J Jru::Ilj;~n pril11>t::.>;;:: •

.:&!I..anod u.t G~ ":JoClLC of ~t~i". TI~~}' be-::::l.r:r:I", ttL..: prLl.<;:1J1!; ~ r !ti.1,~ W:1oJ. .A:Ddrol=lilcs III, ;,J;utIm:'I, ~\tln.."l, and 'I'heedora.s . {lu~ ~h.I~:

J4!ii, ~Md~ Komncnos l~lIkRi~ .AJ;:j..!l:oL'']'o:s P.Qk.~a-ln!::iQtI;: .io"~t.lil.i" n~lo:l~. [he W!1 or th\'drnn1ko~ I 4.1".] ;~nd Ei~~I1!: I - ~ ~

r.. _ I _,~ b .1. . .,_.,' 1.. I d _ _..j' D - 4·/, III a ~ .

lI:itJ:'l~ of hl< ~;UL" 1;'(IIj,Uer ..... 1G',.1f! 11.5. .1,h .. -u 'C~e.I11IExa'l ;3l6 is:t:fl. nt1J,.

Komn~rco; DIJLlk.a~ lUlgti1~ 1.';LI~;r;;I~i>.J TJ101l1do~1;Ii \l'a~ bo~ i~ ,"~LI: 1(1 Z;j IlM HI~t:-I:. J gG5 acted ~ .. (h~ m2l!'g~,i.l: nr ~((C'ill-;U wlu~~ ~:lbt O!il_l l l':!r::I

. . .c h d'.J ,.. . lilJ:.1i:'I:I lL l::o:::

b.:stJllio': d.ytla:a~'.l In J3~'i! ~ wrn<!~~. 1~'F:!ctl'C 'lo'Drk ..... hiclt i~ p!~ fl"

;&. Fi."tJ~I~ &ri:iJllintion.! HI;!. diw ill] 3:¢, .. o.nlj' It!

''1:7- ID.I:!mor.m(l'.Jl; AlI1Igl!!lc!'; IDlJiIIlHII!"; ,Pnl~iiol)l.ogo~; rJ '.hi!SoPo ilNL1I1~ ,

:L [KI~~ 1m a M~~J:i't.to '1'he: edi~rlr ;'I)I.'I;i~ the.III.~o t~!!;: :;D(.I QfAnlj~i.:~ In ;:Lld E.:ireJLE J N' wJLoiIo J!,; b~IJ'/'in I.'lIo hl~.",·~ 1;.;lJrrled. ~h-l:' ih~I'I~"y of deljJ'J,tfJ,~ ~no:: _~!'i .... '8! !:owu altee [294-h~ wa::;, t~I!~:'ft!:n:lre, ~ pl)r'phY"J'O"K~n~~~~s-a~I~~ d~ aCl . btQ!

D .. "'~.. J: . """'L cr 1341 ,

ememos rnaLn'~i ~J~llll~ a oL..'Ii.!ai:lll, flro;fQ[';Il, 14 .md had a dl1;W!l:I~bli'r Eir~

;moil ~(h~ps tI!ro ether cttil.di~ll. 0::

,1.f.8.,R!O.TiI"'!m.TiI~11~5, Dowt:.fi.s: .iPaliai;nllJgn:; ~ l\. seal ~-"di[Jg: 2~,~r; ~ Ji[,o~ ",;0..1: ,~~ I'I:IIL ofIgJfh] allt::~l;1~ oii~lJ" K""1.'.;)7o<!rnIlDV

.ooi '!;ap;f.t.~i:lhJr;.. .:Iou ... >!!. .J.7~t:lWt::-;'OlJ"II.

may I:.u:~~g' 1\} Kafl~2mcil1lr,tO;, ~he thinl ~ of M[dl~l. t ofti' ancl nood ~ He was a.LXl'Vh~~nn, ~c;::I["n. ~I.'k~ 1!2l~ but il~ ~~It.: LJfhi:s. Pb'~)WtI;tl":~ d~ !:J.Ju~t ~ 1~ ~L:r mentioned by lJ~tJer ~II~:US ~1, I~, .K.on!it&:l1!lnos. rn~

1".,T.1L.

I, _~;:oe ~Lffi"( II .. 1 I, \1

". .... '1 ...... 1 (),lrQQO~ rss- l'>'r""1~"'.: DoI)'L1.'Ir..caim..~ Ko_"'~r-; .... 11'a;"';~"I'I:IIL "Br.LDa..i ..... , Tho: fit'<''''

I~ MlL11r:L w&! QP.J!"l;un1~ l.! lIIQ'I~ !;If the .E:i.nvia:o;.hl~!,{jgc.J iulli[), but ~t~r paJ.'eIllUL~ ,eflinno\ be ~TIj.I:'~. H~:l" r"UUl'iam~ t~ ~ .. ~~ in ,Ii.:: 11(1W L.w.. ins::.TiJl'd~1' o! P.'lilJ1'lllkaii"'1~5-..1 Ski: became ~m: 'WiFe (If t1N; ~.n:r'lll'ar ::wid!;t~1 n .... cl:lI,'Ii GlJ,ba.-; s., :;nLd ~ th~ !JI!bj~ of~II'S~L p!:It~1iL.:O by' .Pilliia wn("l =~igm ::I!Il111e :l:lbovt" ~i'E'ldfl.ti[]tJ!. ttl II:l;;r,! AL a oom1?"Jf;)!ti''''~1 1:lI~'; pP.nr.d l.'[nria ~t:iW,; tbi: tl1;;J~h"'r of;L da'u.gII[Ct"l ;nLd I1WI~t na""" died afier Ill5·

IM- 1\ 'I1liIJ a, (li..Iilb'li!'linlk) Kl!la:J:IiliL~]j]1!! DIinlk1'L'I!ml'L Pi"lJ~lIliC!lagina l":bjlDn~ihr!!1- F~'fl!! ~'Ji~~llI~:, - r b~ CLliU 1)El.l'JL'I:: of Ann;]' ;br(l~"1~ ~1:;~,~ !lind "the ,~lntiol'l A1'IFjtlu-,;i. L::: [wl")d 9Jl :a ftagltltgL'lai'N JEI!CflptiI)jL.! S.IC L:!l aIled a nir.:~E. ([i..~,~l of ~k:h!),d V~Il," b~t !jill' 'I?~.hiy iJ1!)liCli~e.s tlL2i~~"M! wa.s. ~ d'L1IgTItl:£ r.d'0!1~ or this e'mpL"1'Or ~ G{I~lsm!:i arid a PI:1I1.Ia:nt"r~l1iI::.7 II") c. 1:t.56 I\B:JIIf!.'iXlGllmt ,i1~ wif;;; of' J"'likoi.fl~ ~,~;,aLiasenooo J'?~ m. wfl.:l11li ~bli laim::; a ~L I!:llL!lLl1~. ShE ..liEd, .. [l~r r-.:~o a;fu::r: bLl,..,i.J.!li ~IIi~1'I 1]110; nio,;)lHiatic bfl.bi1 wiith ~h~ J!!1!r:ru:= <Of .'\a1tl1~Lll;L,1

1'.s;J. ]i:upruo~~ IDU'!.'i.l!.'iti;i1~"l. ~.l".d.uw!!lii;iu~ n ': A mach mut;llI(~ i~cilii~i:ol).ll. ~r.lNi.p~ [If" ~M 'C1I!r..'ly ~d«:()th ocnt~I!"{, ·preSEL"'VE'j. I~II': !l1II~ ar E'II(lo'kia :DoIIlhint"l. (Pailaii)l~nlL ~l who n"'~ t;L~~ the 'j .. cil ",vith t.'I\oI:: J1f1>= d ~;~ia livt; ]~bh~' t~t ;te:acls: E~~il'lNg A~Jm:>L..u ~ ,:Etn1.i[~ fl [1~~j.W:II't"!l.~,m:, Ei}y(~oo. If,~ It rni{;hil:, l11U"!111'1tvcT', 'be: :Jnii1!\f: lll:cly '1)0 re;:I~ 4 llaJ..:DLlill.yi1'll. Ttl 14Ho!i~",¥~"'[I; »;I~')'.m:n (,LWI'(>.\"0-

~~6., MlUTiu!!!l 'KilJ<1'WfI;~ll~ {1D01!I1k1ll~) Pl!J.fjjj(il(l~: A, ~~al beat:! the iml;~p-tillrL

flu:: P.Uffl.'t:i O'f: ;lil lm~~cilicd numbee olJof· drw_ghten """to flppatoLdy !GI;:]k U1G t,Eil. I

PETRALI rn/J.3-

P;\RA8P'cJNDYLOtJ

167

'II,<,,'(I. j]l.CiJl.'bEr:; of the ra.lniLy of P~ttik...plulru~ (17mr~~aI!M:;) oJ:i!IIT'[ t.h~~ of ])M.l'k;ll;,

I:(ij!. lJi£l~tJ'.h]~ 1?1!)1!IJU.ll~ P.~~:'IlikIiJJl'B'UlilJe!: ~ I. [I'! !!:i~ ;:t iI("jr,llmC:I11· ~;;.~(l 'llil jNI!L!.';!Er [127. w]m.(;_I~ ~"$ ...... Itb dLC!: ~1I!1: of three heuses 8.00 a ~DCc ..:l1::.UotI. to W.1:n.m~~Ll' (If (.~ul:!ndi!t",' I)e.metnm w.'l!l thu lOA ... £", tlr~k£I PoG[;7;i~Ulrl~, ~11"1:i:Id.v d,or,.."1'!!. at. dl2ll. 1:11I1lr1:. ';'11'11;1 M.utlut ...... h,n. '",1,':;150 iIiI9I a rurn ~r.l~ di1~ J\o"ln~ elf :M""hll[te:, D~e.tri.IJ" had a ~btef Eulog;ifl. {<l nun) n.nd ~ .. '!'O I:!I:fI~h~; IlJaillne.o; S~~h~bIfL and Kol)2l~1!I61:tm;.~·

16,!i. Mnrl~ Dou.kl!lim~ 'Pel!:;[iLitl!li'o"1L!1:<'i.~~ ~lit~mi!.1 ha",~ bEen:.. !izLE:r !!I:r Iii.:: l~r(J~r,dru l~!.rilroprmltlJ and I~;!,rl a daugn'l.'ei K..1t~ w~ i.:; 'mUll.f.nmEd as Lb.c \iiI}; 4 .o\1Ic)DJ.]..d~ D(I..d:a:s ~f".aJ1~~1:I0'a .l63liJU 9 f.'.:ovl:Ltibtl IJi2'i!~]

II' H 1 LANT tH I.t a PEoN os

The fumi1r 11iIffii.': or Plril;t'!ttbUU];;(;j}OO :i~ ely .. I!H!J~~I'ii oOIOOll~ 'lvi-tho 11~ O;it1db!Jil'itiliOp.,.li\;ll\ l.'IlIOJ).;L'I;l.ta1'of X~IlM'..[jiJ.r[l~ 41,l!.ti:~DI!':"" ~~-.f; OOD:g <lIlly nl.OO\l! ~wdling tlill:iIIi::. ThrliU ill. NQ""!l!m.w 1 r58 t ... .e 'a'h>OO~ of StMarual." .r\~I.i!lfllII~~cd PhiiL·L1IJ[lu"op~mtlj, is ~~[:1I:e;!;1]l d.escilxodi ~ (jfigi;lLi~dly bclo~~ 'La tl~c. ~N:ry of ,X'"f'IQJDii Tl:!!G tilJ,.k~.~ Thu.t .r'\.uulIH1bil)!!l ..... ~ Vrob::ibly llJ!lrdEi;bI;:d, ~fI the !'loWe- fRlmi.!1 ~~hl)l'i~ ~t-Cl:ltl; jl iLO~ :;'IHl!.J.1ed in ~hl'! b~·dfd'l cG:i1itllry. The Pbilar.t'Jiirepowi ~~ in a'boui t"'e D'l!Iidd!l~ r.1:" thE ~t.ir.tf'.;I!IlIh (X:1'I!l!iu-}, ."1.11Id. oontillLtru to 1;.e ~1~I)O'!mt"l'OO f~UltotL'Y 11"1. b~h milil:a..T}' :100 'ruL1I1.ini::lt[".JIU'iiC- ... if:..i.;I!, IIl1l' ~tlltl) fi~l! of Cnm5lA1!uinop.k:.. :100. ¢"!o'erl II:OL' ;;tUnetiu'le

a:[iI:e'rw3Lo,d~,j

Th;::phih.lldlITIFt:O'i ynarL~ed ll!lllo 1!I~~e>T all:tltocmlleilM'!J:OC:, iIOt'ld ~i1oei1r I~W"I'"

~ncn "'rll£ll.rn in OOJII~'!'!l!iLd. fl;ll:J~ ~ of ll~ ~ "!!!'!of m~~' o!ifI['IfJi~tL1r~ :1 di!l1li.m:..u~ ~[I.ch of Ul{; ~mny ~ r!l""q~tl)' ~!ld fbe [h'li1:lLe oiIf [iq,1!:;].!; V!'k"i~~h tCub.t DIt'.\1! been • ."d.cz,pHd m.1l~ing ~·11!l: per1lld of tI!.oI: NL-c.i!~'" Empire,

]' ~ [&.11 fiT]1 J.!.t! L"I!i_'o100'l lEi9

.,11', .Eii[ll::ilJ(; KoflIHJj'Ior.::J'iI1! 'lFbiL"1:li'Ll:1u:'opeYloC lJilIukl3.ml:l.': !:!.~,p' ~lll!.rt :;u. tru: rll,]1"l ElIpll~l1;s 1)1117 s.tp1IELllb~ J303,'

]1:1:. ,A.!I,r.".fof1o!l; DilFlli~liI.~ 'lPJ1;ijh'Dth.:r~or:n"',. ~ A1E:1:l.alo W1I!:i L1.1: ~1:1:D1td-1:...nt s(J[1 !DF ~i;bad -ra["t;k!'I'1~D~ l;L ~ruph~w ~f X'ildL21d VTU) .,1{1d ~[;ITi." 1;h~ i:Ii;'l,II~hte:r ~ AI~ltii; r 66. i\rpproprLatdy ~f'=J,;II)I1l. he 'L~;L~ ~. T;!.rc.1ItUmliJ:::, lau~ ehose ~'" 11C Q1III~ af~Eor hi:; ~Lla~¢I:n".u gl'".ill19'fio!~~Ler,"l CoilMQutmLy tru:: ~nIT.e. rd'-Er to bUI"! as :p.hii!ani1tl~lI1;:& anodl k5" fl'1lqtl(;'lIrt~y !I!~ l:li;illL.-:.u...; AI~...:iCo::. 'l!.'1!1.:3 00(110 1[1 ;!jbdlllt ["liOI ;uldi~ rnilll~ PL-a'iE-Crl l[1r hit; [lw~it3IlY ~j.:iI1_ Hi:: b;J.O:l been I.!!oocuroil. I.,.ith tilt: djgnld)' of ~lIko<):IJ.a,'" and ~n ~h;:: o!".2LI"ly [lil~Lie& of 1;n~ ~hil"t"e~,~~1 CeTIl~llI.ry lee 'I,'RI';. ~("rn by th(; empcrer ~I;I Ji'.:,jlL '~,n'l1Q{ W\l1~r,. Ine: Plu:d iirtl~L"re ~.~e;; ~1't;l,Lrni: !~U!: Tlarll:"_ .Bllt n1. I '2~ nO!! 1\~IItILi:cd <1111'1 .... -..s' bluLdeJ,7 ]n lu!3 Q'ld, ;Jlge ~!!! was pnl;.r: ICt!,l~ ~ lry til", t.11lpe1OT ..... hte.1] in Il:il hE wt'!! ~hed let 'I;Ie.m'$ M~~"!IlcL'IC"'~ HL': ~hw !Oi1IDJ~~~' ~~r.<.I'aJ\i!:!,

AJr.:o:io~ DOllL.-:lI!3 Flnib'lfrd'lropeI1lOO rJi!lITTiM a OnJU.Y11~ or K'iloJlSI'.;ol'ltLTIoDiI- AkroJIOli'ld in ]'~g~.~ H~ had [l;i;.lEilBt one 51:<11. i\liI::hru!l~ OOL"11o 'in 1'~!lI6_I~ AJt1l~ Vola::; ;)'["1 iil,tiltllllte! Jrremd. of ,[:111;11:'1)' scl}Qb~ "'[ lJi~ ;~~. PL~ml;je;, Gu.go~, ~1:it:bM'l ,rrl'liJ."Ia.!l! ~lLd Ma'lt~gI;1:1S of IEph~ 'l,',lTIitl!. ~tmOllet1.~1I Philes :abuo !J:11J him oil. ~11 b~l!lgin.g ,[00- iiJ;.'l;i!;t;i[fI~, If

r~. pilnlk::,I;:;; PWlli"l'm&:r6}liCnC!;; ; A oI!!)'I~~1.t (If shurt EJQGrru; by lo.{:al'md Pbiles ;!IJrL'! iL"L ~ form. (tf p:r7.!'Ti:I'~ O::;ben~,j~:r' :IIdi~f:~ b1 aDI}"IL'ka:a FhLl;mlhrop~DLX:o :;Uld h.ls 'W'ifl::: ro Chri!d and 1'hl: Thro1(1WooJ ~iii.g toil- 1.:.= b~ ..... ,id! !ChikLftIl."]

It ii .. nCiot PlJiliibl~ ~t) i~[,lqjry rhem,

~~~ E~,;nki 1'''~ I!;lCltm1i~~ -Ult! l!.o"o[~o:I!oo, np, cil~ p. I,,,,",,, ,\I 'Ptinl<"lL !hI' oiIl!ilo:; ,L!':lSt l!r: ..... rong. The )ll3br (It Ib:: ~~,;om ofi:;aoll ~~R'El,l"'lIIds 00 11u:.11J.1ih in'~1ix.o :1.,;.] :5 It·':'" I N'l (ooL;i3 Al!::!Wl'l'!'rDI ~ &!!II'.:!I~ ~lld1). Y!:I ~16.iJ; Lw"> 091"1]0' Ii:or ~,IJ't£I1L1!:ie.r Df ~hc !i'l'ril;o;niJ't1O~nDs r~I't,a't'_ I hi'i"'~ ~D~o;:il ,otJl"!tI ,Sli.! { .... 111.~' - .\.t'l 1~9'2)' i'!t:!,In. B ,'i.l18J.l!t I W. \\~

net :s,,11Ird.ii:o' lJIJ!, f~i.:!!~,

------- -- ~_______..-- - -- -- -

n~ ap.'yi"L'IT"'~ ~ila)j~~ we:~ ~ f1D~e. fa:I1UL)", of ~~ ~m;llJJ~ MOpug"Ll11".t>(" il'l 1tE N'is1: ceJllruno !;If DFillmldm.. The p-1rt.'TLa!I"ci1. of ,A.IIrio!:h Th~I"I"iiQS V .f'fi.1LJl:L~ (~2r5-83~.4:) wa.:s ~ a ~QLt ,of prb~t:t: WilHam 'VilleufflmU[I. 'lL!i i~ efren ~SlIcr'I.(iL, blo!t a ~iOJL ;af !h,,; vl,OO'1ml9tl l101lGc.' ~1;u:1rrTJ0ttC3 d~ui~ Mrn,;,.j j"~"",:i ,u:~~ ·r,J; ~ ~iJ~. J~ ,n,pl'jI"N.i1l">lIJ~ 81 ,'~ Ico-a,.;i n~}I_IYI''''''''''',I'lIl~ Jm«iY'P"'"L ~,;. ~ltilI~II'"",,:I: 1[1 I;H:':i K!l!nL'~l::rnJ.'I':~",.~ DU:l"lfiron::; another li'rl[lki~,] w'illl.: ;:.illc- 1.i1oo~ J'riJ1t.ip~ CMilP.&50 ia 'ii, IiifittL)rl\-l"l!nhilLY wnt~r.';' It! 13!M 'We m~ Grorgii)"; J'l-[llhl[J! I:IilJd hi.!; f<ij'ill!J:" I' .... ~:w.;J~ .1l«ilJ(lr ;;.l-1i':I'[i 11,p.-frl"""~·~ :&ii.ia,.; 'f\rinl±p::. i! a ~ ilL 1407.~ a'l~d l~(I~;;:-tr~ P1IIhk;IIJg"1IS Pi~ilki~ j!l, lneflU~ 1.'111 a dOOL[IIlf1>1. -of 1 <1:2L ,':" 1.i!..lewi~ the nl~rm~ Chcib~ j~ uot {ITWrnOOlOOI dlld~1!i d'i«e i:imo_~

IJliZi. lC;:llftn~!ii [k;dEII(,; Prinldp!;; GtiliI:"'iL-u;;; & W;U 'W1. .tJ"Jgrurh·~, memo ,tlOO'1!!d 'ilL a dU'YEJ,}ibLlH of AllIgtl!,t L 3-9\3 a;s.!1rn a~ 1;(1 ~I!!! oi::i:I1.)X=TDr._~

RADI1NOS

'Th'" OOOTLJIll1QfI. TIlIlll1"ie RO.!MllOS (. PQ~~l :[!,pfcl~aI"!lln tll(; 1!,~a'lniJ1~ ~ trtrm 21~, l~t the 'bi:tl.tb ~Lllllf:f Q'1J ...... O'rd-oi. I:IliI.d ,;wt.OO'dine; to 1'h.e t:ty;mcltlg!.' 1).'1' R.tureQoo ~ M>!Igi:ateT !I:. d<eri,'lJE,,>; fW!n ~be village I,}rlllM~ in 'tM. A,~awi:ikillill 1Jh.~mc-.!'::

.of me ve~ [JJI;1'ny bC<l1U>1'~ I!if It m"Liy aiiow c.a1~ IiII:: ll'l!:f1:11mocd b~: 'ln~, '!'I"PW~~ oIo¥nJ~ ,arr,~ ,-",11 Lorr.w4pD~ (lO:lil"l) ~II, :\TIIllia, ,;is'Lel:" ,p£" R21dr',flJ:]S ~''::

I(L!ln~ ~rop!l;;: .t;~~ .e~ ~ ~J.!r'~ .:JatIllM'j5' (1~J038) ~Ll !Koo~1~[jUDM.. .FitMJru iZi[l~ pa~ul(daM_~ (r rS8) ~~. Mru:i~:lI'l~fIilOO (] 1t86) ;J~ Io;uul>t:S (13l!!);1<11 :o.Lk.l",d

• far 'iii .. il'iimily 'SEt- L IK., ~t.liOICl. 'r:t.! J1~:f"'"H~1 -,-1l'.J;f'"~ ,$ ,.iID~~:.v;' • .l!·lio '9 tl,g~, I~~ cr_ 1);.;mJi,K'", G~{u'l1 ¢! xri_oo.-w ~ d ~'ir=l"~tu fPl1M,. liliI8~J 001, I~'.' 1\'. D!ilW"~, .till~ &:or. ~c51Cftl.'."'Ib'l1 irl' lkiu,M B-r~u (",,'lWli,*, , l!WIl, Pr' ~:

~ll!li.;; .tide;~' ,l;"~lim!o>iI, Ii' ~!",

l}l",rj:, .• r.!P,~~.

] K~n.i',.111 I;!-~'

., ~t>;i,le:l, (IE"- .. i!., PlI' 1'9'i'~ I MMI,l!,p. 2511,

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~~. PJi' ~, K. ,KR:imN~""'. G~o:lIu ~ . .!Iy~lIIItini::dJ.on r.,1'M'.:Il'Ilr (Muru.:ll• LIP!'i''!. pp. ~1i9~; J!;, Gui,!!,!"dI, .Jf(ilf"'w' [;rJp~, .t1ll'U'~0;!:"I.&I= L!'(loU.. I !!~?~, 'PI='- :ij1v,1.,(j,

~ ]{i'lU/,l!o:lellt,-, np, ci~"Ii',~, l'o. H(tiY'lll!.ers~ 'i,. rt::, 2!J (1911), SliIJm·l,. _.'

1 Cod. X;:!IlIlp«:lIT"''''" ? I (J'o~I"lt!il: ~I!I)f.~ j]{ II,c oorlcruitJ ,...,.,L'lun· ",on'lDIl'II- I~. 1III:>-'nf'!'"rL r .. "1 ..... ,::u; floJ......,lFI;""~ ""i '1,"";""'~ .!!;:r(>:a ~[O~ z,;,,;'&u '-m_"""";"" ,,-,,{O ':'01 ;"'. !!..w, ....... ·l ..,...,iul..y .\. L'_ =. ~,i: JI, z'h"ii: J~LofU '>!;ol~ ef ~h~ '-"ll.llcrl-i"n lM~n i.he 1~11~ ,....; .. """ ~ ~ No" .1,'."'..,..... "l.c']XI~ J".~. ';:~p"t~ &tl ~I'!IP ~~ f';' ~{.'i?" ,,~ ·I...:1""'1",v1 .j,.,.I ... u. 't'. "_il(.;J!toP ~

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{.y'Of'M.1~if,!1("'" sss«. l'p. 71-<]'.

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