Topie: Background and standards development ‘You have not taken a testfor this topic Learning Objective: © ster comaleting this topic, you should be able to describe the development and ‘evolulion of bird-generatign systems and standards, This topic covers the following points: «© Third generation 6) background © Standards development © 30 core networks © summayy Topic Type: Instruction‘Third generation (3G) background The telecommunicatons industy is undergoing revolutionary changes due to incteased consumer demand for advanced data sentoes on wireless networks, ‘Thre generation (36) tecmnology, which provides much higher bandwidth than previous technolagies, nas. emerged to meet this demand,Third generation (3G) background The development of 36 technology is largely due tothe efforts ofthe Intemational Telecommunications Union (ITU). 11982, the ITU held the World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC) to plan for 3G systems.Third generation (36) background ‘The WARC resulted in the development of he Intemational Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT- 2000) standard, ‘The main goa of IMT-2000 isto create a framework for Worldwide wieless acoess by inlegrating satelite and terrestrial components. Picovel In-Buing Microcell Urban \ \ INT 2000, Macrocell SuburbanThird generation (36) background By providing much higher bandwidth than previous ‘technologies, 36 technology ofes cell phone users several new features. ‘Which ofthese features do you think 3 technology can make avaiable to cell phone users over and above what is provided by current generation systems? ‘The correct options are now highlighted. Short message service Internet accessThird generation (3G) background ‘The WARC assigned the 2 GHz range of the spectrum to 3G networes. ‘These networks must be able to transmit wireless data at 4144 Kops at mobile user speeds, 384 Kbps at pedestian User speeds, and 2 Mops in fixed locations, 2GHzThird generation (36) background 26 ap 3G rato access standards evolved trom the 2 and 2.56 radio access standards. Rado access sandardsin2G systems were 9 5G Gesined mei topo speech Sees. Gy apg 2.56 technologes bring improved data rates to ‘wireless tecology and pave the way 0 36. 3G systems, however, requte far more ‘advanced radio access standards in order to provide Internet access, ful-area coverage, and high data rates. TOMA ce (18-136) t gers t eDceThird generation (3G) background The cxiginal goal for 3G was to have a single racio access standard forall 3G systems. However, in order o allow forthe migration from 26 t0 3G three technologies are to be implemented + W-COMA + CDMA 2000 + WWC-136 2G 10 kbps 2.56 64-144 kbps 3G 384k-2 Mops GSM ey CDMA One to¢ RS AY v 18-958 £0GE i 4 Y W.coMA uwe-rse | | odmazo00Third generation (36) background 26 TOMA | 6s COMA One 10 kbps (18-136) | Thecriginal goal for36 was to havea single Lt radio acess standard fora 3G g)stoms. ' GPRS \Y However, nvr to alow forthe migaton 9.5 | from 26 036 tres ecmndogesareto fas v 8-958 144 kbps te implemented mo \ eweowa | + cpwta2000 0 i od 1 + UWVC-136 cma2000 sase-antigs P| YHODMA uwe-136 Wideband code-dvision multiple aocess (WCDMA isan ITU standard ‘evolved from COMA. W-CDMA can support voce, images, data, and \deo communicatons at upto 2 Mbps (local area access) or 384 Kops (Wide area access) W-CDMA wil be used in most 3G systems around | the wor.Third generation (3G) background 6 10 Kops | The original goal for 3G was to have a single radio access standard forall 3G systems, | Hower, mercer to alow erthemigrtton 9.5 || fom 26 to 36 three technologies ara to ‘44 be implereied SEN hips WCDMA CDMA 2000 + UWC-136- 3G 384k-2 Mops U sm ee COMA One| tot GPRS Y t 1956 EDGE toa ' WCOMA UwC-136 ede 2000 CDMA 2000s a CDMA version of the INT:2000 standard. Based on the I-95 or CDMA One standard, CDMA 2000 can supoot mobile data communications at speeds ranging Fom {44 Kbps to 2 Mbps.Third generation (36) background The original goal for 3G was to have a single radio access standard fo all 3G systems. However, in order to allow for the migration from 2G to 3G, three technologies are to be implemented: “WCDMA + CDMA 2000 OUWic-136 TOMA a Gs Jt (6:6) CDMA One| GPRS t cine i 1S-058 EDGE i { scsi oe uwe-136 | | edma2000 LUWC-96 san evolution of 5-196 (igtl AMPS) tectnlogy, Using EDGE technology this radio acess standard wi igfcantyinrease network capac and data rats. It prides data aes ol up to 473 KopsThird generation (36) background 26 TOMA osm COMA One 10kbos st3) | \ In migrating from 2G to 3G existing t v \ networks based on GSM and TDMA \ technologies are likely to use EDGE and GPRS v W-CDMA technologies. 256 setts i ES EDGE + 4 ' 36 W-CDMA UWC-136 -edma2000 384k-2 MopsThird generation (36) background Networks based on CDMA are likely to use (CDMA 2000 technology inorder to upgrade 036, CDMA 2000 can boost the data rates of COMA networks, provide a broader range of services, and offer almost tice the voice capacity of existing COMA networks, 26 10 Kops 2.56 64-144 kbps 3G 384k-2 Mbps > cs ie _| COMA One {4 \ GPRS Y v 18-958 EDGE tod ' W-CDMA uwe-136 odme2000Standards development Several organizations are working towards developing standards in 3G technology. The ‘three main standards bodies are ihe Third Generation Parneship Project (36) + te Tied Generation Parerstip Project 2 (3GPP2) + the Universal Mobie Teeconmunicatons System (UMTS) Forum ‘The 3GPP project is an amalgamation of vatous standards organization, ts main focus is the W-COMA standard, 3G Standardization Environment ~ Glona! Calaboration mv IMT-2000 |Giobal coordination nur mut , adi aspects Network specs ers [Ongaing coloration | —obie Vireless niet Forum ier Standards = Devetpment GPRD entes Organizations COMA 2000 radio eee -TR$E3 UNC) I sat etc + ETSI SNG (DECT) CATT (TOGDMA)Standards development Several oganizatons are working towards developing standards in 36 technology. The three main standards bodies are «the Third Generation Parhership Project (GPP) the Third Generation Partnership Ficject 2 (aGFP2) «the Univeral Mobile Tlecommunications System (UMTS) Forum The 3GPP2 produces the CDMA 2000 standard 3G Standardization Environment Giobal Colaboration Tw 200 ea cx neen [rur mur ai azess Rewer eset lsc Ongangeataberatin | fico vireess lnemet Forum ther Standards agPP Pevecorent —facore WCDMA ado Organtatons MK 20 rao + 68M neva TRIS UNC) | Asn -ETS1SMG (DECT) CATT NBcoMA)Standards development Several organizaton are working towards leveling standards in 36 teetnology. The ‘vee ain standards bodies are * the Third Generation Partnership Project (3@PP) «the Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) ‘the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Forum ‘The UMTS forum was developed by the European Telecommunication Standardization Institute (ETS!), andis the European member of IMT-2000. 3G Standardization Environment - Giobal Collaboration mu M200 bal cea meen \ TUR TUT ati asens Netw apes aGiP Snging coleboraton | [ebie Wiress intemet Forum Other Standards GPP Dewioonent agree YCOWArado Orgenizalons ———Jcouacanoredo + Met TRAGS(UNC) | 6 neta + ETSISMG (DECT) +caTT TocoMAStandards development ‘The indusity and standards bodies nave ‘cootdinated their efforts to harmonize the various proposal tre have been submited ‘othelTU Allof the standards bodies have accepted ‘the work ofthe Operators Harmonization \ Group (0H). 3G Standardization Environment ~ Global Colaboration itv -2000 lol coorntion TUR Redo aspects Network aspecis ITU-T [sci Ongoing calabration | Tibi Wireless intemet Forum Ciher Standards acPP W-COMA adi 8M ret Development BGPP. (Organizations eee TRIS UHCI) Ty tot etna }+ETSISNG ECT) + CATT (TOCOMA) HG Deraors Hamorizatin foroupStandards development ‘The main goals of the OHG are +10 produce a single 3G COMA-based specification fr radio access +10 make voice and nonvoiee services widely avaliable +10 allow roaring between networks +10 ensure a smooth migration path trom existing wireless infrastructure 3G Standarczation Environment - Giobal Collaboration mu IvT-2000 | Gal cecrdination (Tur FRaio aspects mut Network aspects [sc1P [Ongoing col Haberation | [Mobile Wireless Interet Forum | ‘Otner Standards GPP PWCOMA redo SM neler Development (Organizations + TRA5.3(UWC-28) + ETSISMG (DECT) [3ae2 [eDta 2000 radio 16-44 atc CATT (TDCOMA) T DRG: ow PeeratorsHarmonizatin3G core networks ‘Akey factor in 3G telecommunicatons isthe development of core networks. To accommodate existing wireless systems, standards exganizations have developed three possi colutions for 36 core networks: + GSM mobile application part (MAP) “IP based + 18-41 (ANSI 44) ‘The core network is tho physical network infrastructure to which the radio access network is connected in a wireless network.3G core networks ‘Akey factor in 36 teteoommunictions is the evelopment of core networks. Toacconmodate existing wireless systems, standards organizations have developed thee possible solutions for 36 core networks ‘©GSM mobile application part (MAP) “IP based + IS-41 (ANSI41) ‘The GSM MAP core network evolved from the GSM core network. tis used to control queries to the diferent databases in the mobile radio network3G core networks ‘Akey factor in 36 teteoommunictions is the evelopment of core networks. Toacconmodate existing wireless systems, standards organizations have developed thee possible solutions for 36 core networks ‘©GSM mobile application part (MAP) “IP based + IS-41 (ANSI41) ‘The GSM MAP core network evolved from the GSM core network. tis used to control queries to the diferent databases in the mobile radio network3G core networks ‘Akay factor in 3G telecommunications isthe development of core networks. ‘To accommodate existing wireless systems, standards organizations have developed three possible solutions for 36 oore networks: + GSM mobile application pat (MAP) OP based + 18-41 (ANSI 41) The IP based core network evolved rom the existing GSM network intastructure ay the addition of GPRS, which provided a connecionlass IP packet data sence. IP enables all communication services tobe cared over a single network infrastructure, along forthe integration of voice, data and multimedia services.3G core networks ‘Akay factor in 3G telecommunications isthe development of core netwrks. ‘To aocommodate existing wireless systems, standards organizations have developed thee possible solutions for 36 core networks: + GSM motile application part (MAP) +P based 18-41 (ANSI 41) The IS-41 core network evolved from the original IS-1 standard, which was created to standardize the way that wireless systems interconnect.3G core networks Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), a packet-swiching technology, kely to be used to connect 36 core networks to radio | -acoass networks and other network services. PSTN 3G MSC 9G core Intemet \ | ison PJoetwore 7] | __Intemet Protocol IP) technology may be used i 1 ‘over ATM to suppor voice trafic alongside Creat Packet PEON \ | __ Imemet access. switched | switched | | x.26) \ \ network | [network Recio access network3G core networks As esting wireless netuorks work to catch Up wth 86 technology, 26 and 3G systems wil coexist. Intaly, 36 systems willbe set up as "islands" in business areas, where more capacity and advanced services are in demand. n order for mobil subseriers to ‘access 3G services, multimode terminals will be required.Direct sequence W.CDMA Wideband code-ivision multiple aocess (W-CDMA), ‘so krown as direct sequence W-CDMA, is 2 ‘method used in mobile radio communication, This ie whore to signal i spread over a range of frequencis, reatng a noise-ke sana, Its similar to I-95 COMA, excep instead of being spread ove a range of 1 23 MHz, itis spread over a rango of M2. Somo ir goneration (36) proposals estimate W-CDMA banduidh scoads of up 020 Ml Luke 15-35 COMA, W-COMA uses pseu random ‘noise (PN) codes convert audio and data to special chip sequences thal spread across 2 frequency range. The chipping rae of W-COMA PA codes i 38M megechis per second (Meas)Direct sequence W-CDMA Wideband code-<évsion muttisle access (W-CDMA), ‘also known as direct sequence W-CDMA, isa method used in motile radio communications ‘This is wnere me signal is spread over a range ot frequencies, creating a noisesike signal, Is siilar to IS-95 CDMA, except instead of being ‘spread over a range of 123 MHz, tis spread over a range of 5kiHz, Some third-generation (36) propocals esate W-CDMA bandaiath sproads of upto 20H Like 1S-95 COMA, W-CDMA uses pseudo random noise (PN) codes to convert auto and data to special chip sequences tat spread across a frequency range. The chipping rate of W-CDMAPN ‘codes is 3.84 megachips par secend (Mp). Jo] foo afi fol foDirect sequence W-CDMA ‘The International Teleoommunications Union ((TU) standard for 36 notwors is called IMT- 2000. The European Telecommunicatons ‘Standards insuie (ETS!) equivalent is the Universal Mobile Telecomrmunications System (UNTS), UMTS standardization began in 1980, Jn 1996, ETSI selected W-CDMA the UNTS terest ar interface scheme, And, at around the same me, the US Telocommunicaons Industry Associaton (TIA) proposed 2 dlerent wideband CCDIMA technology, called e200, eda2000 is backward compatbo with S-05,edma2000 - phase | and Il The development of daZ000is made upof two phases: Phase |, which folows on from IS-96B, has the 8 phase ‘olouing fates + phase I «two radio transmission technologles (RTT), the frst of which is composed of ane channel with 21.25 Mz bandwidth PART), and the a second of which is composed of three channels % (3xRTT) <—> 1.25 Miz + amedium aocess contol (MAC) protoccl that lous packet data io be tansmited al 144 Kops “vie he voice capac of I-96, and tne the standby time «+ smoother handoff than 18-95 \cdma2000 - phase | and I ‘The develooment of cdma2000is made up of to phases: Phase I has the folowing features: + phase | ‘support for 1x, 3x, 6x, 8x, and 124RTT © phase Il + capability to transmit circuit and packet Mt 6,9 124 aia at up to 2 Mos x + suppor for advanced mulimed cals —> 125 MMe + advanced 3G vocoders and voice services, i such as voioe over packet and circuit data : : DYES 4 5 i 0 1 2 3Thid generation (36) technology has emerged to meet demand for advanced data services on wireless networks, 3G tecnology offers such features as wordwide roaring, high data transfer, and enhanced conmuncatons. ‘The TU as been largely responsible for panning for 36 systems. Three main alr interfaces - W-COMA, CDMA 2000, and 196 UWCIEDGE - are tobe implemented in 36 systems. The proposed frequency range for 36 is 2GHz. Many organizations are working toward developing standards for 3G. To this end al nave accepted the work of the Operators Harmonization Group (OHG). The stendards rganizations have developed thre solitons for 36 core networks ~ GSM MAP. IS 41, and P based.