Measurement and Instrumentation Lab Trainers

RC Phase shift oscillator

ETK-1160

RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR

AIM
To design and test for the performance of RC Phase Shift Oscillator using
transistor and then to calculate the output frequency.

APPARATUS REQUIRED

RC Phase shift oscillator trainer, CRO, Patch cords.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

THEORY
A phase-shift oscillator is a simple sine wave electronic oscillator. It contains
an inverting amplifier, and a feedback filter which 'shifts' the phase of the amplifier
output by 180 degrees at the oscillation frequency.
The filter produces a phase shift that increases with frequency. It must have a
maximum phase shift of considerably greater than 180° at high frequencies, so that the
phase shift at the desired oscillation frequency is 180°.
The most common way of achieving this kind of filter is using three identical cascaded
resistor-capacitor filters, which together produce a phase shift of zero at low
frequencies, and 270 degrees at high frequencies. At the oscillation frequency each
filter produces a phase shift of 60 degrees and the whole filter circuit produces a phase
shift of 180 degrees.
One of the simplest implementations for this type of oscillator uses a transistor
amplifier, three capacitors and three resistors, as shown in the diagram.
The mathematics for calculating the oscillation frequency and oscillation criterion for
this circuit are surprisingly complex, due to each R-C stage loading the previous ones.

www.enixs.in info@enixs.in
Measurement and Instrumentation Lab Trainers
RC Phase shift oscillator
ETK-1160

The calculations are greatly simplified by setting all the resistors (except the negative
feedback resistor) and all the capacitors to the same values.

Formula
In the diagram, if R1 = R2 = R3 = R, and C1 = C2 = C3 = C, then:

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the circuit as per the wiring diagram.

2. Switch on the power supply and observe the output on the CRO (sine wave).

3. Note down the practical frequency and compare with its theoretical frequency.

www.enixs.in info@enixs.in
Measurement and Instrumentation Lab Trainers
RC Phase shift oscillator
ETK-1160

TABULATION:

Amplitude Time period Theoretical Practical

frequency(Hz) frequency(Hz)

RESULT:

Thus the phase shift oscillator is designed and the output frequency was measured.

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