Vector Mechanics For Engineers Statics 7th - Cap 02

PROBLEM 2.
1
Two forces are applied to an eye bolt fastened to a beam. Determine
graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the
parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
We measure: R 8.4 kN
D 19q
R 8.4 kN 19q W
1
PROBLEM 2.2
The cable stays AB and AD help support pole AC. Knowing that the
tension is 500 N in AB and 160 N in AD, determine graphically the
magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the stays
at A using (a) the parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
We measure: D 51.3q, E 59q

(a)
(b)
We measure: R 575 N, D 67q
R 575 N 67q W
2
PROBLEM 2.3
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point A of a hook support.
Knowing that P 15 lb and Q 25 lb, determine graphically the
magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the parallelogram law,
(b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
We measure: R 37 lb, D 76q
R 37 lb 76q W
3
PROBLEM 2.4
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point A of a hook support.
Knowing that P 45 lb and Q 15 lb, determine graphically the
magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the parallelogram law,
(b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
We measure: R 61.5 lb, D 86.5q
R 61.5 lb 86.5q W
4
PROBLEM 2.5
Two control rods are attached at A to lever AB. Using trigonometry and
knowing that the force in the left-hand rod is F1 120 N, determine
(a) the required force F2 in the right-hand rod if the resultant R of the
forces exerted by the rods on the lever is to be vertical, (b) the
corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
Graphically, by the triangle law
We measure: F2 # 108 N
R # 77 N
By trigonometry: Law of Sines
F2 R 120
sin D sin 38q sin E
D 90q 28q 62q, E 180q 62q 38q 80q
Then:
F2 R 120 N
sin 62q sin 38q sin 80q
or (a) F2 107.6 N W
(b) R 75.0 N W
5
PROBLEM 2.6
Two control rods are attached at A to lever AB. Using trigonometry and
knowing that the force in the right-hand rod is F2 80 N, determine
(a) the required force F1 in the left-hand rod if the resultant R of the
forces exerted by the rods on the lever is to be vertical, (b) the
SOLUTION
Using the Law of Sines
F1 R 80
sin D sin 38q sin E
D 90q 10q 80q, E 180q 80q 38q 62q
Then:
F1 R 80 N
or (a) F1 89.2 N W
(b) R 55.8 N W
6
PROBLEM 2.7
The 50-lb force is to be resolved into components along lines a-ac and
b-bc. (a) Using trigonometry, determine the angle D knowing that the
component along a-ac is 35 lb. (b) What is the corresponding value of
the component along b-bc ?
SOLUTION
Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines
sin E sin 40q

(a)
35 lb 50 lb
sin E 0.44995
E 26.74q
Then: D E 40q 180q
D 113.3q W
(b) Using the Law of Sines:
Fbbc 50 lb
sin D sin 40q
Fbbc 71.5 lb W
7
PROBLEM 2.8
The 50-lb force is to be resolved into components along lines a-ac and
b-bc. (a) Using trigonometry, determine the angle D knowing that the
component along b-bc is 30 lb. (b) What is the corresponding value of
the component along a-ac ?
SOLUTION
sin D sin 40q

(a)
30 lb 50 lb
sin D 0.3857
D 22.7q W
(b) D E 40q 180q
E 117.31q
Faac 50 lb
sin E sin 40q
§ sin E ·
Faac 50 lb ¨ ¸
© sin 40q ¹
Faac 69.1 lb W
8
PROBLEM 2.9
To steady a sign as it is being lowered, two cables are attached to the sign
at A. Using trigonometry and knowing that D 25q, determine (a) the
required magnitude of the force P if the resultant R of the two forces
applied at A is to be vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
Have: D 180q 35q 25q
120q
P R 360 N
Then:
sin 35q sin120q sin 25q
or (a) P 489 N W
(b) R 738 N W
9
PROBLEM 2.10
To steady a sign as it is being lowered, two cables are attached to the sign
at A. Using trigonometry and knowing that the magnitude of P is 300 N,
determine (a) the required angle D if the resultant R of the two forces
applied at A is to be vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
360 N 300 N
(a) Have:
sin D sin 35q
sin D 0.68829
D 43.5q W
(b) E 180 35q 43.5q
101.5q
R 300 N
Then:
sin101.5q sin 35q
or R 513 N W
10
PROBLEM 2.11
Two forces are applied as shown to a hook support. Using trigonometry
and knowing that the magnitude of P is 14 lb, determine (a) the required
angle D if the resultant R of the two forces applied to the support is to be
horizontal, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
20 lb 14 lb
(a) Have:
sin D sin 30q
sin D 0.71428
D 45.6q W
(b) E 180q 30q 45.6q
104.4q
R 14 lb
Then:
sin104.4q sin 30q
R 27.1 lb W
11
PROBLEM 2.12
For the hook support of Problem 2.3, using trigonometry and knowing
that the magnitude of P is 25 lb, determine (a) the required magnitude of
the force Q if the resultant R of the two forces applied at A is to be
vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
Problem 2.3: Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point A of a
hook support. Knowing that P 15 lb and Q 25 lb, determine
SOLUTION
Q 25 lb
(a) Have:
sin15q sin 30q
Q 12.94 lb W
(b) E 180q 15q 30q
135q
R 25 lb
Thus:
sin135q sin 30q
§ sin135q ·
R 25 lb ¨ ¸ 35.36 lb
© sin 30q ¹
R 35.4 lb W
12
PROBLEM 2.13
For the hook support of Problem 2.11, determine, using trigonometry,
(a) the magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for which the
resultant R of the two forces applied to the support is horizontal,
(b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
Problem 2.11: Two forces are applied as shown to a hook support. Using
trigonometry and knowing that the magnitude of P is 14 lb, determine
(a) the required angle D if the resultant R of the two forces applied to the
support is to be horizontal, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
(a) The smallest force P will be perpendicular to R, that is, vertical
P 20 lb sin 30q
10 lb P 10 lb W
(b) R 20 lb cos 30q

17.32 lb R 17.32 lb W
13
PROBLEM 2.14
As shown in Figure P2.9, two cables are attached to a sign at A to steady
the sign as it is being lowered. Using trigonometry, determine (a) the
magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for which the resultant R
of the two forces applied at A is vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude
of R.
SOLUTION
We observe that force P is minimum when D is 90q, that is, P is horizontal
Then: (a) P 360 N sin 35q

or P 206 N W
And: (b) R 360 N cos 35q

or R 295 N W
14
PROBLEM 2.15
For the hook support of Problem 2.11, determine, using trigonometry, the
magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two forces applied to the
support knowing that P 10 lb and D 40q.
Problem 2.11: Two forces are applied as shown to a hook support. Using
trigonometry and knowing that the magnitude of P is 14 lb, determine
(a) the required angle D if the resultant R of the two forces applied to the
support is to be horizontal, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
Using the force triangle and the Law of Cosines
R2 10 lb 2 20 lb 2 2 10 lb 20 lb cos110q
ª¬100 400 400 0.342 º¼ lb 2
636.8 lb 2
R 25.23 lb
Using now the Law of Sines
10 lb 25.23 lb
sin E sin110q
§ 10 lb ·
sin E ¨ ¸ sin110q
© 25.23 lb ¹
0.3724
So: E 21.87q
Angle of inclination of R, I is then such that:
IE 30q
I 8.13q
Hence: R 25.2 lb 8.13q W
15
PROBLEM 2.16
Solve Problem 2.1 using trigonometry
Problem 2.1: Two forces are applied to an eye bolt fastened to a beam.
Determine graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant
using (a) the parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
Using the force triangle, the Law of Cosines and the Law of Sines
We have: D 180q 50q 25q
105q
Then: R2 4.5 kN 2 6 kN 2 2 4.5 kN 6 kN cos105q

70.226 kN 2
or R 8.3801 kN
8.3801 kN 6 kN
Now:
sin105q sin E
§ 6 kN ·
sin E ¨ ¸ sin105q
© 8.3801 kN ¹
0.6916
E 43.756q
R 8.38 kN 18.76q W
16
PROBLEM 2.17
Problem 2.2: The cable stays AB and AD help support pole AC. Knowing
that the tension is 500 N in AB and 160 N in AD, determine graphically
the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the
stays at A using (a) the parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the problem:
2
D tan 1 38.66q
2.5
1.5
E tan 1 30.96q
2.5
Now: T 180q 38.66 30.96q 110.38

And, using the Law of Cosines:
R2 500 N 2 160 N 2 2 500 N 160 N cos110.38q

331319 N 2
R 575.6 N
Using the Law of Sines:
160 N 575.6 N
sin J sin110.38q
§ 160 N ·
sin J ¨ ¸ sin110.38q
© 575.6 N ¹
0.2606
J 15.1q
I 90q D J 66.44q
R 576 N 66.4q W
17
PROBLEM 2.18
Problem 2.3: Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point A of a
hook support. Knowing that P 15 lb and Q 25 lb, determine
SOLUTION
Using the force triangle and the Laws of Cosines and Sines
We have:
J 180q 15q 30q
135q
Then: R2 15 lb 2 25 lb 2 2 15 lb 25 lb cos135q
1380.3 lb 2
or R 37.15 lb
and
25 lb 37.15 lb
sin E sin135q
§ 25 lb ·
sin E ¨ ¸ sin135q
© 37.15 lb ¹
0.4758
E 28.41q
Then: D E 75q 180q
D 76.59q
R 37.2 lb 76.6q W
18
PROBLEM 2.19
Two structural members A and B are bolted to a bracket as shown.
Knowing that both members are in compression and that the force is
30 kN in member A and 20 kN in member B, determine, using
trigonometry, the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces
applied to the bracket by members A and B.
SOLUTION
We have: J 180q 45q 25q 110q
Then: R2 30 kN 2 20 kN 2 2 30 kN 20 kN cos110q
1710.4 kN 2
R 41.357 kN
and
20 kN 41.357 kN
sin D sin110q
§ 20 kN ·
sin D ¨ ¸ sin110q
© 41.357 kN ¹
0.4544
D 27.028q
Hence: I D 45q 72.028q
R 41.4 kN 72.0q W
19
PROBLEM 2.20
Two structural members A and B are bolted to a bracket as shown.
Knowing that both members are in compression and that the force is
20 kN in member A and 30 kN in member B, determine, using
trigonometry, the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces
applied to the bracket by members A and B.
SOLUTION
We have: J 180q 45q 25q 110q
Then: R2 30 kN 2 20 kN 2 2 30 kN 20 kN cos110q
1710.4 kN 2
R 41.357 kN
and
30 kN 41.357 kN
sin D sin110q
§ 30 kN ·
sin D ¨ ¸ sin110q
© 41.357 kN ¹
0.6816
D 42.97q
Finally: I D 45q 87.97q
R 41.4 kN 88.0q W
20
PROBLEM 2.21
Determine the x and y components of each of the forces shown.
SOLUTION
20 kN Force:
Fx 20 kN cos 40q, Fx 15.32 kN W
Fy 20 kN sin 40q, Fy 12.86 kN W
30 kN Force:
42 kN Force:
21
PROBLEM 2.22
SOLUTION
40 lb Force:
Fx 40 lb sin 50q, Fx 30.6 lb W
Fy 40 lb cos 50q, Fy 25.7 lb W
60 lb Force:
Fx 60 lb cos 60q, Fx 30.0 lb W
Fy 60 lb sin 60q, Fy 52.0 lb W
80 lb Force:
Fx 80 lb cos 25q, Fx 72.5 lb W
Fy 80 lb sin 25q, Fy 33.8 lb W
22
PROBLEM 2.23
SOLUTION
We compute the following distances:
OA 482 90 2 102 in.
OB 56 2 90 2 106 in.
OC 80 2 60 2 100 in.
Then:
204 lb Force:
48
Fx 102 lb , Fx 48.0 lb W
102
90
Fy 102 lb , Fy 90.0 lb W
102
212 lb Force:
56
Fx 212 lb , Fx 112.0 lb W
106
90
Fy 212 lb , Fy 180.0 lb W
106
400 lb Force:
80
Fx 400 lb , Fx 320 lb W
100
60
Fy 400 lb , Fy 240 lb W
100
23
PROBLEM 2.24
SOLUTION
We compute the following distances:
OA 70 2 240 2 250 mm
OB 210 2 200 2 290 mm
OC 120 2 2252 255 mm
500 N Force:
§ 70 ·
Fx 500 N ¨ ¸ Fx 140.0 N W
© 250 ¹
§ 240 ·
Fy 500 N ¨ ¸ Fy 480 N W
© 250 ¹
435 N Force:
§ 210 ·
Fx 435 N ¨ ¸ Fx 315 N W
© 290 ¹
§ 200 ·
Fy 435 N ¨ ¸ Fy 300 N W
© 290 ¹
510 N Force:
§ 120 ·
Fx 510 N ¨ ¸ Fx 240 N W
© 255 ¹
§ 225 ·
Fy 510 N ¨ ¸ Fy 450 N W
© 255 ¹
24
PROBLEM 2.25
While emptying a wheelbarrow, a gardener exerts on each handle AB a
force P directed along line CD. Knowing that P must have a 135-N
horizontal component, determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its
vertical component.
SOLUTION
Px
(a) P
cos 40q
135 N
cos 40q
or P 176.2 N W
(b) Py Px tan 40q P sin 40q
135 N tan 40q

or Py 113.3 N W
25
PROBLEM 2.26
Member BD exerts on member ABC a force P directed along line BD.
Knowing that P must have a 960-N vertical component, determine (a) the
magnitude of the force P, (b) its horizontal component.
SOLUTION
Py
(a) P
sin 35q
960 N
sin 35q
or P 1674 N W
Py
(b) Px
tan 35q
960 N
tan 35q
or Px 1371 N W
26
PROBLEM 2.27
Member CB of the vise shown exerts on block B a force P directed along
line CB. Knowing that P must have a 260-lb horizontal component,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its vertical component.
SOLUTION
We note:
CB exerts force P on B along CB, and the horizontal component of P is Px 260 lb.
Then:
(a) Px P sin 50q
Px
P
sin 50q
260 lb
sin50q
339.4 lb P 339 lb W
(b) Px Py tan 50q
Px
Py
tan 50q
260 lb
tan 50q
218.2 lb Py 218 lb W
27
PROBLEM 2.28
Activator rod AB exerts on crank BCD a force P directed along line AB.
Knowing that P must have a 25-lb component perpendicular to arm BC of
the crank, determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its component
along line BC.
SOLUTION
Using the x and y axes shown.
(a) Py 25 lb
Py
Then: P
sin 75q
25 lb
sin 75q
or P 25.9 lb W
Py
(b) Px
tan 75q
25 lb
tan 75q
or Px 6.70 lb W
28
PROBLEM 2.29
The guy wire BD exerts on the telephone pole AC a force P directed
along BD. Knowing that P has a 450-N component along line AC,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its component in a
direction perpendicular to AC.
SOLUTION
Note that the force exerted by BD on the pole is directed along BD, and the component of P along AC
is 450 N.
Then:
450 N
(a) P 549.3 N
cos 35q
P 549 N W
(b) Px 450 N tan 35q

315.1 N
Px 315 N W
29
PROBLEM 2.30
The guy wire BD exerts on the telephone pole AC a force P directed
along BD. Knowing that P has a 200-N perpendicular to the pole AC,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its component along
line AC.
SOLUTION
Px
(a) P
sin 38q
200 N
sin 38q
324.8 N or P 325 N W
Px
(b) Py
tan 38q
200 N
tan 38q
255.98 N
or Py 256 N W
30
PROBLEM 2.31
Determine the resultant of the three forces of Problem 2.24.
Problem 2.24: Determine the x and y components of each of the forces
shown.
SOLUTION
From Problem 2.24:
F500 140 N i 480 N j
F425 315 N i 300 N j

F510 240 N i 450 N j
R 6F 415 N i 330 N j
Then:
330
D tan 1 38.5q
415
R 415 N 2 330 N 2 530.2 N
Thus: R 530 N 38.5q W
31
PROBLEM 2.32
shown.
SOLUTION
From Problem 2.21:
F20 15.32 kN i 12.86 kN j

F30 10.26 kN i 28.2 kN j
F42 39.5 kN i 14.36 kN j
R 6F 34.44 kN i 55.42 kN j
Then:
55.42
D tan 1 58.1q
34.44
R 55.42 kN 2 34.44 N 2 65.2 kN
R 65.2 kN 58.2q W
32
PROBLEM 2.33
shown.
SOLUTION
The components of the forces were determined in 2.23.
Force x comp. (lb) y comp. (lb)
40 lb 30.6 25.7
60 lb 30 51.96
80 lb 72.5 33.8
Rx 71.9 Ry 43.86
R Rxi Ry j
71.9 lb i 43.86 lb j
43.86
tan D
71.9
D 31.38q
R 71.9 lb 2 43.86 lb 2
84.23 lb
R 84.2 lb 31.4q W
33
PROBLEM 2.34
shown.
SOLUTION
The components of the forces were
determined in Problem 2.23.
F204 48.0 lb i 90.0 lb j
F212 112.0 lb i 180.0 lb j

F400 320 lb i 240 lb j
Thus
R Rx R y
R 256 lb i 30.0 lb j
Now:
30.0
tan D
256
30.0
D tan 1 6.68q
256
and
R 256 lb 2 30.0 lb 2
257.75 lb
R 258 lb 6.68q W
34
PROBLEM 2.35
Knowing that D 35q, determine the resultant of the three forces
shown.
SOLUTION
300-N Force:
Fx 300 N cos 20q 281.9 N
Fy 300 N sin 20q 102.6 N
400-N Force:
Fx 400 N cos55q 229.4 N
Fy 400 N sin 55q 327.7 N
600-N Force:
Fx 600 N cos 35q 491.5 N
Fy 600 N sin 35q 344.1 N
and
Rx 6Fx 1002.8 N
Ry 6Fy 86.2 N
R 1002.8 N 2 86.2 N 2 1006.5 N
Further:
86.2
tan D
1002.8
86.2
D tan 1 4.91q
1002.8
R 1007 N 4.91q W
35
PROBLEM 2.36
shown.
SOLUTION
300-N Force:
Fx 300 N cos 20q 281.9 N
Fy 300 N sin 20q 102.6 N
400-N Force:
Fx 400 N cos85q 34.9 N
Fy 400 N sin 85q 398.5 N
600-N Force:
Fx 600 N cos 5q 597.7 N
Fy 600 N sin 5q 52.3 N
and
Rx 6Fx 914.5 N
Ry 6Fy 448.8 N
R 914.5 N 2 448.8 N 2 1018.7 N
Further:
448.8
tan D
914.5
448.8
D tan 1 26.1q
914.5
R 1019 N 26.1q W
36
PROBLEM 2.37
Knowing that the tension in cable BC is 145 lb, determine the resultant of
the three forces exerted at point B of beam AB.
SOLUTION
Cable BC Force:
84
Fx 145 lb 105 lb
116
80
Fy 145 lb 100 lb
116
100-lb Force:
3
Fx 100 lb 60 lb
5
4
Fy 100 lb 80 lb
5
156-lb Force:
12
Fx 156 lb 144 lb
13
5
Fy 156 lb 60 lb
13
and
Rx 6Fx 21 lb, Ry 6Fy 40 lb
R 21 lb 2 40 lb 2 45.177 lb
Further:
40
tan D
21
40
D tan 1 62.3q
21
Thus: R 45.2 lb 62.3q W
37
PROBLEM 2.38
shown.
SOLUTION
The resultant force R has the x- and y-components:
Rx 6Fx 140 lb cos 50q 60 lb cos85q 160 lb cos 50q

Rx 7.6264 lb
and
Ry 6Fy 140 lb sin 50q 60 lb sin 85q 160 lb sin 50q

Ry 289.59 lb
Further:
290
tan D
7.6
290
D tan 1 88.5q
7.6
Thus: R 290 lb 88.5q W
38
PROBLEM 2.39
Determine (a) the required value of D if the resultant of the three forces
shown is to be vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
SOLUTION
For an arbitrary angle D , we have:
Rx 6Fx 140 lb cosD 60 lb cos D 35q 160 lb cosD

(a) So, for R to be vertical:
Rx 6Fx 140 lb cosD 60 lb cos D 35q 160 lb cosD 0
Expanding,
cos D 3 cos D cos 35q sin D sin 35q 0
Then:
cos 35q 1
tan D 3
sin 35q
or
§ cos 35q 1 ·
D tan 1 ¨ 3
¸¸ 40.265q D 40.3q W
¨ sin 35q
© ¹
(b) Now:
R Ry 6Fy 140 lb sin 40.265q 60 lb sin 75.265q 160 lb sin 40.265q

R R 252 lb W
39
PROBLEM 2.40
For the beam of Problem 2.37, determine (a) the required tension in cable
BC if the resultant of the three forces exerted at point B is to be vertical,
(b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
Problem 2.37: Knowing that the tension in cable BC is 145 lb, determine
the resultant of the three forces exerted at point B of beam AB.
SOLUTION
We have:
84 12 3
Rx 6Fx TBC 156 lb 100 lb
116 13 5
or Rx 0.724TBC 84 lb
and
80 5 4
Ry 6Fy TBC 156 lb 100 lb
116 13 5
Ry 0.6897TBC 140 lb
(a) So, for R to be vertical,
Rx 0.724TBC 84 lb 0
TBC 116.0 lb W
(b) Using
TBC 116.0 lb
R Ry 0.6897 116.0 lb 140 lb 60 lb
R R 60.0 lb W
40
PROBLEM 2.41
Boom AB is held in the position shown by three cables. Knowing that the
tensions in cables AC and AD are 4 kN and 5.2 kN, respectively,
determine (a) the tension in cable AE if the resultant of the tensions
exerted at point A of the boom must be directed along AB,
(b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
SOLUTION
Choose x-axis along bar AB.
Then
(a) Require
Ry 6Fy 0: 4 kN cos 25q 5.2 kN sin 35q TAE sin 65q 0
or TAE 7.2909 kN
TAE 7.29 kN W
(b) R 6Fx
4 kN sin 25q 5.2 kN cos 35q 7.2909 kN cos 65q
9.03 kN
R 9.03 kN W
41
PROBLEM 2.42
For the block of Problems 2.35 and 2.36, determine (a) the required value
of D of the resultant of the three forces shown is to be parallel to the
incline, (b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
Problem 2.35: Knowing that D 35q, determine the resultant of the
three forces shown.
Problem 2.36: Knowing that D 65q, determine the resultant of the
three forces shown.
SOLUTION
Selecting the x axis along aac, we write
Rx 6Fx 300 N 400 N cos D 600 N sin D (1)
Ry 6Fy 400 N sin D 600 N cosD (2)
(a) Setting Ry 0 in Equation (2):
600
Thus tan D 1.5
400
D 56.3q W
(b) Substituting for D in Equation (1):
Rx 300 N 400 N cos 56.3q 600 N sin 56.3q
Rx 1021.1 N
R Rx 1021 N W
42
PROBLEM 2.43
Two cables are tied together at C and are loaded as shown. Determine the
tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
From the geometry, we calculate the distances:
AC 16 in.2 12 in.2 20 in.
BC 20 in.2 21 in.2 29 in.
Then, from the Free Body Diagram of point C:

16 21
6Fx 0: TAC TBC 0
20 29
29 4
or TBC u TAC
21 5
12 20
and 6Fy 0: TAC TBC 600 lb 0
20 29
12 20 § 29 4 ·
or TAC ¨ u TAC ¸ 600 lb 0
20 29 © 21 5 ¹
Hence: TAC 440.56 lb
(a) TAC 441 lb W
(b) TBC 487 lb W
43
PROBLEM 2.44
Knowing that D 25q, determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in
rope BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Force Triangle
Law of Sines:
TAC TBC 5 kN
sin115q sin 5q sin 60q
5 kN
(a) TAC sin115q 5.23 kN TAC 5.23 kN W
sin 60q
5 kN
(b) TBC sin 5q 0.503 kN TBC 0.503 kN W
sin 60q
44
PROBLEM 2.45
Knowing that D 50q and that boom AC exerts on pin C a force
directed long line AC, determine (a) the magnitude of that force, (b) the
tension in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Law of Sines:
FAC TBC 400 lb

400 lb
(a) FAC sin 25q 169.69 lb FAC 169.7 lb W
sin 95q
400
(b) TBC sin 60q 347.73 lb TBC 348 lb W
sin 95q
45
PROBLEM 2.46
Two cables are tied together at C and are loaded as shown. Knowing that
D 30q, determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Law of Sines:
TAC TBC 2943 N

2943 N
(a) TAC sin 60q 2812.19 N TAC 2.81 kN W
sin 65q
2943 N
(b) TBC sin 55q 2659.98 N TBC 2.66 kN W
sin 65q
46
PROBLEM 2.47
A chairlift has been stopped in the position shown. Knowing that each
chair weighs 300 N and that the skier in chair E weighs 890 N, determine
that weight of the skier in chair F.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Point B In the free-body diagram of point B, the geometry gives:
9.9
T AB tan 1 30.51q
16.8
12
T BC tan 1 22.61q
28.8
Thus, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Force Triangle
TBC 1190 N
sin 59.49q sin 7.87q
TBC 7468.6 N
Free-Body Diagram Point C In the free-body diagram of point C (with W the sum of weights of chair
and skier) the geometry gives:
1.32
T CD tan 1 10.39q
7.2
Hence, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Force Triangle W 7468.6 N
sin12.23q sin100.39q
W 1608.5 N
Finally, the skier weight 1608.5 N 300 N 1308.5 N
skier weight 1309 N W
47
PROBLEM 2.48
A chairlift has been stopped in the position shown. Knowing that each
chair weighs 300 N and that the skier in chair F weighs 800 N, determine
the weight of the skier in chair E.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Point F In the free-body diagram of point F, the geometry gives:
12
T EF tan 1 22.62q
28.8
1.32
T DF tan 1 10.39q
7.2
Thus, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Force Triangle
TEF 1100 N
sin100.39q sin12.23q
TBC 5107.5 N
In the free-body diagram of point E (with W the sum of weights of chair

Free-Body Diagram Point E and skier) the geometry gives:
9.9
T AE tan 1 30.51q
16.8
Hence, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:
W 5107.5 N
sin 7.89q sin 59.49q
Force Triangle
W 813.8 N
Finally, the skier weight 813.8 N 300 N 513.8 N
skier weight 514 N W
48
PROBLEM 2.49
Four wooden members are joined with metal plate connectors and are in
equilibrium under the action of the four fences shown. Knowing that
FA 510 lb and FB 480 lb, determine the magnitudes of the other two
forces.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Resolving the forces into x and y components:
6Fx 0: FC 510 lb sin15q 480 lb cos15q 0
or FC 332 lb W
6Fy 0: FD 510 lb cos15q 480 lb sin15q 0
or FD 368 lb W
49
PROBLEM 2.50
Four wooden members are joined with metal plate connectors and are in
equilibrium under the action of the four fences shown. Knowing that
FA 420 lb and FC 540 lb, determine the magnitudes of the other two
forces.
SOLUTION
Resolving the forces into x and y components:
6Fx 0: FB cos15q 540 lb 420 lb cos15q 0 or FB 671.6 lb
FB 672 lb W
6Fy 0: FD 420 lb cos15q 671.6 lb sin15q 0
or FD 232 lb W
50
PROBLEM 2.51
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown to an aircraft connection.
Knowing that the connection is in equilibrium and the P 400 lb and
Q 520 lb, determine the magnitudes of the forces exerted on the rods
A and B.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Resolving the forces into x and y directions:
R P Q FA FB 0
Substituting components:
R 400 lb j ª¬ 520 lb cos 55q º¼ i ª¬ 520 lb sin 55qº¼ j
FBi FA cos 55q i FA sin 55q j 0
In the y-direction (one unknown force)
400 lb 520 lb sin 55q FA sin 55q 0
Thus,
400 lb 520 lb sin 55q

FA 1008.3 lb
sin 55q
FA 1008 lb W
In the x-direction:
520 lb cos55q FB FA cos 55q 0
Thus,
FB FA cos 55q 520 lb cos 55q
1008.3 lb cos 55q 520 lb cos 55q

280.08 lb
FB 280 lb W
51
PROBLEM 2.52
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown to an aircraft connection.
Knowing that the connection is in equilibrium and that the magnitudes of
the forces exerted on rods A and B are FA 600 lb and FB 320 lb,
determine the magnitudes of P and Q.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Resolving the forces into x and y directions:
R P Q FA FB 0
Substituting components:
R 320 lb i ª¬ 600 lb cos 55qº¼ i ª¬ 600 lb sin 55qº¼ j

Pi Q cos 55q i Q sin 55q j 0
In the x-direction (one unknown force)
320 lb 600 lb cos 55q Q cos 55q 0
Thus,
320 lb 600 lb cos 55q

Q 42.09 lb
cos 55q
Q 42.1 lb W
In the y-direction:
600 lb sin 55q P Q sin 55q 0
Thus,
P 600 lb sin 55q Q sin 55q 457.01 lb
P 457 lb W
52
PROBLEM 2.53
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that
W 840 N, determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram From geometry:
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CB are in the ratio 8:15:17.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CA are in the ratio 3:4:5.
Thus:
3 15 15
6Fx 0: TCA TCB 680 N 0
5 17 17
or
1 5
TCA TCB 200 N (1)
5 17
and
4 8 8
6Fy 0: TCA TCB 680 N 840 N 0
5 17 17
or
1 2
TCA TCB 290 N (2)
5 17
Solving Equations (1) and (2) simultaneously:
(a) TCA 750 N W
(b) TCB 1190 N W
53
PROBLEM 2.54
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Determine the range
of values of W for which the tension will not exceed 1050 N in either
cable.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram From geometry:

The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CB are in the ratio 8:15:17.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CA are in the ratio 3:4:5.
Thus:
3 15 15
6Fx 0: TCA TCB 680 N 0
5 17 17
or
1 5
TCA TCB 200 N (1)
5 17
and
4 8 8
6Fy 0: TCA TCB 680 N W 0
5 17 17
or
1 2 1
TCA TCB 80 N W (2)
5 17 4
Then, from Equations (1) and (2)
17
TCB 680 N W
28
25
TCA W
28
Now, with T d 1050 N
25
TCA : TCA 1050 N W
28
or W 1176 N
and
17
TCB : TCB 1050 N 680 N W
28
or W 609 N ? 0 d W d 609 N W
54
PROBLEM 2.55
The cabin of an aerial tramway is suspended from a set of wheels that can
roll freely on the support cable ACB and is being pulled at a constant
speed by cable DE. Knowing that D 40q and E 35q, that the
combined weight of the cabin, its support system, and its passengers is
24.8 kN, and assuming the tension in cable DF to be negligible,
determine the tension (a) in the support cable ACB, (b) in the traction
cable DE.
SOLUTION
Note: In Problems 2.55 and 2.56 the cabin is considered as a particle. If

considered as a rigid body (Chapter 4) it would be found that its center of
gravity should be located to the left of the centerline for the line CD to be
vertical.
Now
6Fx 0: TACB cos 35q cos 40q TDE cos 40q 0
or
0.0531TACB 0.766TDE 0 (1)
and
6Fy 0: TACB sin 40q sin 35q TDE sin 40q 24.8 kN 0
or
0.0692TACB 0.643TDE 24.8 kN (2)
From (1)
TACB 14.426TDE
Then, from (2)
0.0692 14.426TDE 0.643TDE 24.8 kN
and
(b) TDE 15.1 kN W
(a) TACB 218 kN W
55
PROBLEM 2.56
The cabin of an aerial tramway is suspended from a set of wheels that can
roll freely on the support cable ACB and is being pulled at a constant
speed by cable DE. Knowing that D 42q and E 32q, that the tension
in cable DE is 20 kN, and assuming the tension in cable DF to be
negligible, determine (a) the combined weight of the cabin, its support
system, and its passengers, (b) the tension in the support cable ACB.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
First, consider the sum of forces in the x-direction because there is only one unknown force:
6Fx 0: TACB cos 32q cos 42q 20 kN cos 42q 0
or
0.1049TACB 14.863 kN
(b) TACB 141.7 kN W
Now
6Fy 0: TACB sin 42q sin 32q 20 kN sin 42q W 0
or
141.7 kN 0.1392 20 kN 0.6691 W 0
(a) W 33.1 kN W
56
PROBLEM 2.57
A block of weight W is suspended from a 500-mm long cord and two
springs of which the unstretched lengths are 450 mm. Knowing that the
constants of the springs are kAB 1500 N/m and kAD 500 N/m,
determine (a) the tension in the cord, (b) the weight of the block.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram At A First note from geometry:

The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AD are in the ratio 8:15:17.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AB are in the ratio 3:4:5.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AC are in the ratio 7:24:25.
Then:
FAB k AB LAB Lo
and
LAB 0.44 m 2 0.33 m 2 0.55 m
So:
FAB 1500 N/m 0.55 m 0.45 m
150 N
Similarly,
FAD k AD LAD Lo
Then:
LAD 0.66 m 2 0.32 m 2 0.68 m
FAD 1500 N/m 0.68 m 0.45 m
115 N
(a)
4 7 15
6Fx 0: 150 N TAC 115 N 0
5 25 17
or
TAC 66.18 N TAC 66.2 N W
57
PROBLEM 2.57 CONTINUED
(b) and
3 24 8
6Fy 0: 150 N 66.18 N 115 N W 0
5 25 17
or W 208 N W
58
PROBLEM 2.58
A load of weight 400 N is suspended from a spring and two cords which
are attached to blocks of weights 3W and W as shown. Knowing that the
constant of the spring is 800 N/m, determine (a) the value of W, (b) the
unstretched length of the spring.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram At A
First note from geometry:
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AD are in the ratio 12:35:37.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AC are in the ratio 3:4:5.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AB are also in the ratio
12:35:37.
Then:
4 35 12
6Fx 0: 3W W Fs 0
5 37 37
or
Fs 4.4833W
and
3 12 35
6Fy 0: 3W W Fs 400 N 0
5 37 37
Then:
3 12 35
3W W 4.4833W 400 N 0
5 37 37
or
W 62.841 N
and
Fs 281.74 N
or
(a) W 62.8 N W
59
(b) Have spring force

Fs k LAB Lo
Where
FAB k AB LAB Lo
and
LAB 0.360 m 2 1.050 m 2 1.110 m
So:
281.74 N 800 N/m 1.110 L0 m
or L0 758 mm W
60
PROBLEM 2.59
For the cables and loading of Problem 2.46, determine (a) the value of D
for which the tension in cable BC is as small as possible, (b) the
corresponding value of the tension.
SOLUTION
The smallest TBC is when TBC is perpendicular to the direction of TAC
Free-Body Diagram At C Force Triangle
(a) D 55.0q W
(b) TBC 2943 N sin 55q

2410.8 N
TBC 2.41 kN W
61
PROBLEM 2.60
Knowing that portions AC and BC of cable ACB must be equal, determine
the shortest length of cable which can be used to support the load shown
if the tension in the cable is not to exceed 725 N.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: C
6Fy 0: 2Ty 1000 N
For T 725 N 0
Ty 500 N
Tx2 Ty2 T2
Tx2 500 N 725 N 2

2
Tx 525 N
By similar triangles:
BC 1.5 m
725 525
? BC 2.07 m
L 2 BC 4.14 m
L 4.14 m W
62
PROBLEM 2.61
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that the
maximum allowable tension in each cable is 200 lb, determine (a) the
magnitude of the largest force P which may be applied at C, (b) the
corresponding value of D.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: C Force Triangle
Force triangle is isoceles with
2E 180q 85q
E 47.5q
(a) P 2 200 lb cos 47.5q 270 lb
Since P ! 0, the solution is correct. P 270 lb W
(b) D 180q 55q 47.5q 77.5q D 77.5q W
63
PROBLEM 2.62
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that the
maximum allowable tension is 300 lb in cable AC and 150 lb in cable BC,
determine (a) the magnitude of the largest force P which may be applied
at C, (b) the corresponding value of D.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: C Force Triangle
(a) Law of Cosines:
P2 300 lb 2 150 lb 2 2 300 lb 150 lb cos85q

P 323.5 lb
Since P ! 300 lb, our solution is correct. P 324 lb W
(b) Law of Sines:
sin E sin 85q

300 323.5q
sin E 0.9238
or E 67.49q
D 180q 55q 67.49q 57.5q
D 57.5q W
64
PROBLEM 2.63
For the structure and loading of Problem 2.45, determine (a) the value of
D for which the tension in cable BC is as small as possible, (b) the
corresponding value of the tension.
SOLUTION
TBC must be perpendicular to FAC to be as small as possible.
Free-Body Diagram: C Force Triangle is

a right triangle
(a) We observe: D 55q D 55q W
(b) TBC 400 lb sin 60q

or TBC 346.4 lb TBC 346 lb W
65
PROBLEM 2.64
Boom AB is supported by cable BC and a hinge at A. Knowing that the
boom exerts on pin B a force directed along the boom and that the tension
in rope BD is 70 lb, determine (a) the value of D for which the tension in
cable BC is as small as possible, (b) the corresponding value of the
tension.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: B (a) Have: TBD FAB TBC 0
where magnitude and direction of TBD are known, and the direction
of FAB is known.
Then, in a force triangle:
By observation, TBC is minimum when D 90.0q W
(b) Have TBC 70 lb sin 180q 70q 30q

68.93 lb
TBC 68.9 lb W
66
PROBLEM 2.65
Collar A shown in Figure P2.65 and P2.66 can slide on a frictionless
vertical rod and is attached as shown to a spring. The constant of the
spring is 660 N/m, and the spring is unstretched when h 300 mm.
Knowing that the system is in equilibrium when h 400 mm, determine
the weight of the collar.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Collar A
Have: Fs k LcAB LAB
where:
LcAB 0.3 m 2 0.4 m 2 LAB 0.3 2 m
0.5 m
Then: Fs
660 N/m 0.5 0.3 2 m
49.986 N
For the collar:
4
6Fy 0: W 49.986 N 0
5
or W 40.0 N W
67
PROBLEM 2.66
The 40-N collar A can slide on a frictionless vertical rod and is attached
as shown to a spring. The spring is unstretched when h 300 mm.
Knowing that the constant of the spring is 560 N/m, determine the value
of h for which the system is in equilibrium.
SOLUTION
h
Free-Body Diagram: Collar A 6Fy 0: W Fs 0
0.32 h2
or hFs 40 0.09 h 2
Now.. Fs k LcAB LAB
where LcAB 0.32 h2 m LAB 0.3 2 m
Then: h ª560
«¬ 0.09 h 2 0.3 2 º
»¼ 40 0.09 h 2
or 14h 1 0.09 h 2 4.2 2h hm
Solving numerically,
h 415 mm W
68
PROBLEM 2.67
A 280-kg crate is supported by several rope-and-pulley arrangements as
shown. Determine for each arrangement the tension in the rope. (Hint:
The tension in the rope is the same on each side of a simple pulley. This
can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of pulley
6Fy
0: 2T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
(a)
1
T 2746.8 N
2
T 1373 N W
(b) 6Fy
0: 2T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
1
T 2746.8 N
2
T 1373 N W
(c) 6Fy
0: 3T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
1
T 2746.8 N
3
T 916 N W
(d) 6Fy
0: 3T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
1
T 2746.8 N
3
T 916 N W
(e) 6Fy
0: 4T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
1
T 2746.8 N
4
T 687 N W
69
PROBLEM 2.68
Solve parts b and d of Problem 2.67 assuming that the free end of the
rope is attached to the crate.
Problem 2.67: A 280-kg crate is supported by several rope-and-pulley
arrangements as shown. Determine for each arrangement the tension in
the rope. (Hint: The tension in the rope is the same on each side of a
simple pulley. This can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of pulley
and crate
(b)
6Fy
0: 3T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
1
T 2746.8 N
3
T 916 N W
(d)
6Fy
0: 4T 280 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
1
T 2746.8 N
4
T 687 N W
70
PROBLEM 2.69
A 350-lb load is supported by the rope-and-pulley arrangement shown.
Knowing that E 25q, determine the magnitude and direction of the
force P which should be exerted on the free end of the rope to maintain
equilibrium. (Hint: The tension in the rope is the same on each side of a
simple pulley. This can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley A 6Fx 0: 2P sin 25q P cos D 0
and
cos D 0.8452 or D r32.3q
For D 32.3q
6Fy 0: 2P cos 25q P sin 32.3q 350 lb 0
or P 149.1 lb 32.3q W
For D 32.3q
6Fy 0: 2P cos 25q P sin 32.3q 350 lb 0
or P 274 lb 32.3q W
71
PROBLEM 2.70
A 350-lb load is supported by the rope-and-pulley arrangement shown.
Knowing that D 35q, determine (a) the angle E, (b) the magnitude of
the force P which should be exerted on the free end of the rope to
maintain equilibrium. (Hint: The tension in the rope is the same on each
side of a simple pulley. This can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley A 6Fx 0: 2 P sin E P cos 25q 0
Hence:
1
(a) sin E cos 25q or E 24.2q W
2
(b) 6Fy 0: 2P cos E P sin 35q 350 lb 0
Hence:
2P cos 24.2q P sin 35q 350 lb 0
or P 145.97 lb P 146.0 lb W
72
PROBLEM 2.71
A load Q is applied to the pulley C, which can roll on the cable ACB. The
pulley is held in the position shown by a second cable CAD, which passes
over the pulley A and supports a load P. Knowing that P 800 N,
determine (a) the tension in cable ACB, (b) the magnitude of load Q.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley C
(a) 6Fx 0: TACB cos 30q cos 50q 800 N cos 50q 0
Hence TACB 2303.5 N
TACB 2.30 kN W
(b) 6Fy 0: TACB sin 30q sin 50q 800 N sin 50q Q 0
2303.5 N sin 30q sin 50q 800 N sin 50q Q 0
or Q 3529.2 N Q 3.53 kN W
73
PROBLEM 2.72
A 2000-N load Q is applied to the pulley C, which can roll on the cable
ACB. The pulley is held in the position shown by a second cable CAD,
which passes over the pulley A and supports a load P. Determine (a) the
tension in the cable ACB, (b) the magnitude of load P.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley C
6Fx 0: TACB cos 30q cos 50q P cos 50q 0
or P 0.3473TACB (1)
6Fy 0: TACB sin 30q sin 50q P sin 50q 2000 N 0
or 1.266TACB 0.766P 2000 N (2)
(a) Substitute Equation (1) into Equation (2):
1.266TACB 0.766 0.3473TACB 2000 N
Hence: TACB 1305.5 N
TACB 1306 N W
(b) Using (1)
P 0.3473 1306 N 453.57 N
P 454 N W
74
PROBLEM 2.73
Determine (a) the x, y, and z components of the 200-lb force, (b) the
angles Tx, Ty, and Tz that the force forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx 200 lb cos 30q cos 25q 156.98 lb
Fx 157.0 lb W
Fy 200 lb sin 30q 100.0 lb
Fy 100.0 lb W
Fz 200 lb cos 30q sin 25q 73.1996 lb
Fz 73.2 lb W
156.98
(b) cosT x or T x 38.3q W
200
100.0
cosT y or T y 60.0q W
200
73.1996
cosT z or T z 111.5q W
200
75
PROBLEM 2.74
Determine (a) the x, y, and z components of the 420-lb force, (b) the
angles Tx, Ty, and Tz that the force forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx 420 lb sin 20q sin 70q 134.985 lb
Fx 135.0 lb W
Fy 420 lb cos 20q 394.67 lb
Fy 395 lb W
Fz 420 lb sin 20q cos 70q 49.131 lb
Fz 49.1 lb W
134.985
(b) cosT x
420
Tx 108.7q W
394.67
cosT y
420
Ty 20.0q W
49.131
cosT z
420
Tz 83.3q W
76
PROBLEM 2.75
To stabilize a tree partially uprooted in a storm, cables AB and AC are
attached to the upper trunk of the tree and then are fastened to steel rods
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in cable AB is 4.2 kN,
determine (a) the components of the force exerted by this cable on the
tree, (b) the angles Tx, Ty, and Tz that the force forms with axes at A which
are parallel to the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx 4.2 kN sin 50q cos 40q 2.4647 kN
Fx 2.46 kN W
Fy 4.2 kN cos 50q 2.6997 kN
Fy 2.70 kN W
Fz 4.2 kN sin 50q sin 40q 2.0681 kN
Fz 2.07 kN W
2.4647
(b) cosT x
4.2
Tx 54.1q W
77
2.7
cosT y
4.2
Ty 130.0q W
2.0681
cosT z
4.0
Tz 60.5q W
78
PROBLEM 2.76
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in cable AC is 3.6 kN,
determine (a) the components of the force exerted by this cable on the
tree, (b) the angles Tx, Ty, and Tz that the force forms with axes at A which
are parallel to the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx 3.6 kN cos 45q sin 25q 1.0758 kN
Fx 1.076 kN W
Fy 3.6 kN sin 45q 2.546 kN
Fy 2.55 kN W
Fz 3.6 kN cos 45q cos 25q 2.3071 kN
Fz 2.31 kN W
1.0758
(b) cosT x
3.6
Tx 107.4q W
79
2.546
cosT y
3.6
Ty 135.0q W
2.3071
cosT z
3.6
Tz 50.1q W
80
PROBLEM 2.77
A horizontal circular plate is suspended as shown from three wires which
are attached to a support at D and form 30q angles with the vertical.
Knowing that the x component of the force exerted by wire AD on the
plate is 220.6 N, determine (a) the tension in wire AD, (b) the angles Tx,
Ty, and Tz that the force exerted at A forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx F sin 30q sin 50q 220.6 N (Given)
220.6 N
F 575.95 N
sin30q sin50q
F 576 N W
Fx 220.6
(b) cosT x 0.3830
F 575.95
Tx 67.5q W
Fy F cos 30q 498.79 N
Fy 498.79
cosT y 0.86605
F 575.95
Ty 30.0q W
Fz F sin 30q cos 50q
575.95 N sin 30q cos 50q
185.107 N
Fz 185.107
cosT z 0.32139
F 575.95
Tz 108.7q W
81
PROBLEM 2.78
Knowing that the z component of the force exerted by wire BD on the
plate is –64.28 N, determine (a) the tension in wire BD, (b) the angles Tx,
Ty, and Tz that the force exerted at B forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fz F sin 30q sin 40q 64.28 N (Given)
64.28 N
F 200.0 N F 200 N W
sin30q sin40q
(b) Fx F sin 30q cos 40q
200.0 N sin 30q cos 40q
76.604 N
Fx 76.604
cosT x 0.38302 Tx 112.5q W
F 200.0
Fy F cos 30q 173.2 N
Fy 173.2
cosT y 0.866 Ty 30.0q W
F 200
Fz 64.28 N
Fz 64.28
cosT z 0.3214 Tz 108.7q W
F 200
82
PROBLEM 2.79
Knowing that the tension in wire CD is 120 lb, determine (a) the
components of the force exerted by this wire on the plate, (b) the angles
Tx, Ty, and Tz that the force forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx 120 lb sin 30q cos 60q 30 lb
Fx 30.0 lb W
Fy 120 lb cos 30q 103.92 lb
Fy 103.9 lb W
Fz 120 lb sin 30q sin 60q 51.96 lb
Fz 52.0 lb W
Fx 30.0
(b) cosT x 0.25
F 120
Tx 104.5q W
Fy 103.92
cosT y 0.866
F 120
Ty 30.0q W
Fz 51.96
cosT z 0.433
F 120
Tz 64.3q W
83
PROBLEM 2.80
Knowing that the x component of the forces exerted by wire CD on the
plate is –40 lb, determine (a) the tension in wire CD, (b) the angles Tx, Ty,
and Tz that the force exerted at C forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a) Fx F sin 30q cos 60q 40 lb (Given)
40 lb
F 160 lb
sin30q cos60q
F 160.0 lb W
Fx 40
(b) cosT x 0.25
F 160
Tx 104.5q W
Fy 160 lb cos 30q 103.92 lb
Fy 103.92
cosT y 0.866
F 160
Ty 30.0q W
Fz 160 lb sin 30q sin 60q 69.282 lb
Fz 69.282
cosT z 0.433
F 160
Tz 64.3q W
84
PROBLEM 2.81
Determine the magnitude and direction of the force
F 800 lb i 260 lb j 320 lb k.
SOLUTION
F Fx2 Fy2 Fz2 800 lb 2 260 lb 2 320 lb 2 F 900 lb W
Fx 800
cosT x 0.8889 Tx 27.3q W
F 900
Fy 260
cosT y 0.2889 Ty 73.2q W
F 900
Fz 320
cosT z 0.3555 Tz 110.8q W
F 900
85
PROBLEM 2.82
Determine the magnitude and direction of the force
F 400 N i 1200 N j 300 N k.
SOLUTION
F Fx2 Fy2 Fz2 400 N 2 1200 N 2 300 N 2 F 1300 N W
Fx 400
cosT x 0.30769 Tx 72.1q W
F 1300
Fy 1200
cosT y 0.92307 Ty 157.4q W
F 1300
Fz 300
cosT z 0.23076 Tz 76.7q W
F 1300
86
PROBLEM 2.83
A force acts at the origin of a coordinate system in a direction defined by
the angles Tx 64.5q and Tz 55.9q. Knowing that the y component of
the force is –200 N, determine (a) the angle Ty, (b) the other components
and the magnitude of the force.
SOLUTION
(a) We have
cosT x 2 cosT y cosT z cosT z 2

2 2 2 2
1 cosT y 1 cosT y
Since Fy 0 we must have cosT y 0
Thus, taking the negative square root, from above, we have:
1 cos 64.5q cos 55.9q

2 2
cosT y 0.70735 Ty 135.0q W
(b) Then:
Fy 200 N
F 282.73 N
cosT y 0.70735
and Fx F cosT x 282.73 N cos 64.5q Fx 121.7 N W
Fz F cosT z 282.73 N cos 55.9q Fy 158.5 N W
F 283 N W
87
PROBLEM 2.84
A force acts at the origin of a coordinate system in a direction defined by
the angles Tx 75.4q and Ty 132.6q. Knowing that the z component of
the force is –60 N, determine (a) the angle Tz, (b) the other components
and the magnitude of the force.
SOLUTION
(a) We have
cosT x 2 cosT y cosT z cosT z 2

2 2 2 2
1 cosT y 1 cosT y
Since Fz 0 we must have cosT z 0
Thus, taking the negative square root, from above, we have:
1 cos 75.4q cos132.6q

2 2
cosT z 0.69159 Tz 133.8q W
(b) Then:
Fz 60 N
F 86.757 N F 86.8 N W
cosT z 0.69159
and Fx F cosT x 86.8 N cos 75.4q Fx 21.9 N W
Fy F cosT y 86.8 N cos132.6q Fy 58.8 N W
88
PROBLEM 2.85
A force F of magnitude 400 N acts at the origin of a coordinate system.
Knowing that Tx 28.5q, Fy –80 N, and Fz ! 0, determine (a) the
components Fx and Fz, (b) the angles Ty and Tz.
SOLUTION
(a) Have
Fx F cosT x 400 N cos 28.5q Fx 351.5 N W
Then:
F2 Fx2 Fy2 Fz2
So: 400 N 2 352.5 N 2 80 N 2 Fz2

Hence:
Fz 400 N 2 351.5 N 2 80 N 2 Fz 173.3 N W
(b)
Fy 80
cosT y 0.20 Ty 101.5q W
F 400
Fz 173.3
cosT z 0.43325 Tz 64.3q W
F 400
89
PROBLEM 2.86
A force F of magnitude 600 lb acts at the origin of a coordinate system.
Knowing that Fx 200 lb, Tz 136.8q, Fy 0, determine (a) the
components Fy and Fz, (b) the angles Tx and Ty.
SOLUTION
(a) Fz F cosT z 600 lb cos136.8q

437.4 lb Fz 437 lb W
Then:
F2 Fx2 Fy2 Fz2
600 lb 2 200 lb 2 Fy 437.4 lb

2 2
So:
Hence: Fy 600 lb 2 200 lb 2 437.4 lb 2

358.7 lb Fy 359 lb W
(b)
Fx 200
cosT x 0.333 Tx 70.5q W
F 600
Fy 358.7
cosT y 0.59783 Ty 126.7q W
F 600
90
PROBLEM 2.87
A transmission tower is held by three guy wires anchored by bolts at B,
C, and D. If the tension in wire AB is 2100 N, determine the components
of the force exerted by the wire on the bolt at B.
SOLUTION
JJJG
BA 4 m i 20 m j 5 m k
BA 4 m 2 20 m 2 5 m 2 21 m
JJJG
BA 2100 N
F F O BA F ª 4 m i 20 m j 5 m k º¼
BA 21 m ¬
F 400 N i 2000 N j 500 N k

Fx 400 N, Fy 2000 N, Fz 500 N W
91
PROBLEM 2.88
A transmission tower is held by three guy wires anchored by bolts at B,
C, and D. If the tension in wire AD is 1260 N, determine the components
of the force exerted by the wire on the bolt at D.
SOLUTION
JJJG
DA 4 m i 20 m j 14.8 m k
DA 4 m 2 20 m 2 14.8 m 2 25.2 m
JJJG
DA 1260 N
F F O DA F ª 4 m i 20 m j 14.8 m k º¼
DA 25.2 m ¬
F 200 N i 1000 N j 740 N k

Fx 200 N, Fy 1000 N, Fz 740 N W
92
PROBLEM 2.89
A rectangular plate is supported by three cables as shown. Knowing that
the tension in cable AB is 204 lb, determine the components of the force
exerted on the plate at B.
SOLUTION
JJJG
BA 32 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
BA 32 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 68 in.

JJJG
BA 204 lb
F F O BA F ª 32 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
BA 68 in. ¬
F 96 lb i 144 lb j 108 lb k
Fx 96.0 lb, Fy 144.0 lb, Fz 108.0 lb W
93
PROBLEM 2.90
the tension in cable AD is 195 lb, determine the components of the force
exerted on the plate at D.
SOLUTION
JJJG
DA 25 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
DA 25 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 65 in.

JJJG
DA 195 lb
F F O DA F ª 25 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
DA 65 in. ¬
F 75 lb i 144 lb j 108 lb k
Fx 75.0 lb, Fy 144.0 lb, Fz 108.0 lb W
94
PROBLEM 2.91
A steel rod is bent into a semicircular ring of radius 0.96 m and is
supported in part by cables BD and BE which are attached to the ring at
B. Knowing that the tension in cable BD is 220 N, determine the
components of this force exerted by the cable on the support at D.
SOLUTION
JJJG
DB 0.96 m i 1.12 m j 0.96 m k
DB 0.96 m 2 1.12 m 2 0.96 m 2 1.76 m

JJJG
DB 220 N
TDB T O DB T ª 0.96 m i 1.12 m j 0.96 m k º¼
DB 1.76 m ¬
TDB 120 N i 140 N j 120 N k

TDB x 120.0 N, TDB y 140.0 N, TDB z 120.0 N W
95
PROBLEM 2.92
A steel rod is bent into a semicircular ring of radius 0.96 m and is
supported in part by cables BD and BE which are attached to the ring at
B. Knowing that the tension in cable BE is 250 N, determine the
components of this force exerted by the cable on the support at E.
SOLUTION
JJJG
EB 0.96 m i 1.20 m j 1.28 m k
EB 0.96 m 2 1.20 m 2 1.28 m 2 2.00 m

JJJG
EB 250 N
TEB T O EB T ª 0.96 m i 1.20 m j 1.28 m k º¼
EB 2.00 m ¬
TEB 120 N i 150 N j 160 N k
TEB x 120.0 N, TEB y 150.0 N, TEB z 160.0 N W
96
PROBLEM 2.93
Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two forces shown
knowing that P 500 N and Q 600 N.
SOLUTION
P 500 lb > cos 30q sin15qi sin 30qj cos 30q cos15qk @
500 lb > 0.2241i 0.50 j 0.8365k @
112.05 lb i 250 lb j 418.25 lb k
Q 600 lb >cos 40q cos 20qi sin 40qj cos 40q sin 20qk @
600 lb >0.71985i 0.64278j 0.26201k @
431.91 lb i 385.67 lb j 157.206 lb k
R PQ 319.86 lb i 635.67 lb j 261.04 lb k
R 319.86 lb 2 635.67 lb 2 261.04 lb 2 757.98 lb
R 758 lb W
Rx 319.86 lb
cosT x 0.42199
R 757.98 lb
Tx 65.0q W
Ry 635.67 lb
cosT y 0.83864
R 757.98 lb
Ty 33.0q W
Rz 261.04 lb
cosT z 0.34439
R 757.98 lb
Tz 69.9q W
97
PROBLEM 2.94
Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two forces shown
knowing that P 600 N and Q 400 N.
SOLUTION
Using the results from 2.93:

P 600 lb > 0.2241i 0.50 j 0.8365k @
134.46 lb i 300 lb j 501.9 lb k
Q 400 lb >0.71985i 0.64278j 0.26201k @

287.94 lb i 257.11 lb j 104.804 lb k
R PQ 153.48 lb i 557.11 lb j 397.10 lb k
R 153.48 lb 2 557.11 lb 2 397.10 lb 2 701.15 lb
R 701 lb W
Rx 153.48 lb
cosT x 0.21890
R 701.15 lb
Tx 77.4q W
Ry 557.11 lb
cosT y 0.79457
R 701.15 lb
Ty 37.4q W
Rz 397.10 lb
cosT z 0.56637
R 701.15 lb
Tz 55.5q W
98
PROBLEM 2.95
Knowing that the tension is 850 N in cable AB and 1020 N in cable AC,
determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces
exerted at A by the two cables.
SOLUTION
JJJG
AB 400 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k
AB 400 mm 2 450 mm 2 600 mm 2 850 mm

JJJG
AC 1000 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k
AC 1000 mm 2 450 mm 2 600 mm 2 1250 mm
JJJG
AB ª 400 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k º
TAB TABO AB TAB 850 N « »
AB ¬ 850 mm ¼
TAB 400 N i 450 N j 600 N k

JJJG
AC ª 1000 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k º
TAC TAC O AC TAC 1020 N « »
AC ¬ 1250 mm ¼
TAC 816 N i 367.2 N j 489.6 N k
R TAB TAC 1216 N i 817.2 N j 1089.6 N k

Then: R 1825.8 N R 1826 N W
1216
and cosT x 0.66601 Tx 48.2q W
1825.8
817.2
cosT y 0.44758 Ty 116.6q W
1825.8
1089.6
cosT z 0.59678 Tz 53.4q W
1825.8
99
PROBLEM 2.96
Assuming that in Problem 2.95 the tension is 1020 N in cable AB and
850 N in cable AC, determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant
of the forces exerted at A by the two cables.
SOLUTION
JJJG
AB 400 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k
AB 400 mm 2 450 mm 2 600 mm 2 850 mm

JJJG
AC 1000 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k
AC 1000 mm 2 450 mm 2 600 mm 2 1250 mm
JJJG
AB ª 400 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k º
TAB TABO AB TAB 1020 N « »
AB ¬ 850 mm ¼
TAB 480 N i 540 N j 720 N k

JJJG
AC ª 1000 mm i 450 mm j 600 mm k º
TAC TAC O AC TAC 850 N « »
AC ¬ 1250 mm ¼
TAC 680 N i 306 N j 408 N k

R TAB TAC 1160 N i 846 N j 1128 N k
Then: R 1825.8 N R 1826 N W
1160
and cosT x 0.6353 Tx 50.6q W
1825.8
846
cosT y 0.4634 Ty 117.6q W
1825.8
1128
cosT z 0.6178 Tz 51.8q W
1825.8
100
PROBLEM 2.97
For the semicircular ring of Problem 2.91, determine the magnitude and
direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the cables at B knowing
that the tensions in cables BD and BE are 220 N and 250 N, respectively.
SOLUTION
For the solutions to Problems 2.91 and 2.92, we have

TBD 120 N i 140 N j 120 N k
TBE 120 N i 150 N j 160 N k
Then:
RB TBD TBE
240 N i 290 N j 40 N k
and R 378.55 N RB 379 N W
240
cosT x 0.6340
378.55
Tx 129.3q W
290
cosT y 0.7661
378.55
Ty 40.0q W
40
cosT z 0.1057
378.55
Tz 96.1q W
101
PROBLEM 2.98
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in AB is 920 lb and that
the resultant of the forces exerted at A by cables AB and AC lies in the yz
plane, determine (a) the tension in AC, (b) the magnitude and direction of
the resultant of the two forces.
SOLUTION
Have
TAB 920 lb sin 50q cos 40qi cos 50qj sin 50q sin 40q j
TAC TAC cos 45q sin 25qi sin 45q j cos 45q cos 25q j
(a)
RA TAB TAC
RA x 0
? RA x 6Fx 0: 920 lb sin 50q cos 40q TAC cos 45q sin 25q 0
or
TAC 1806.60 lb TAC 1807 lb W
(b)
RA y 6Fy : 920 lb cos 50q 1806.60 lb sin 45q
RA y 1868.82 lb
RA z 6Fz : 920 lb sin 50q sin 40q 1806.60 lb cos 45q cos 25q
RA z 1610.78 lb
? RA 1868.82 lb j 1610.78 lb k
Then:
RA 2467.2 lb RA 2.47 kips W
102
and
0
cosT x 0 Tx 90.0q W
2467.2
1868.82
cosT y 0.7560 Ty 139.2q W
2467.2
1610.78
cosT z 0.65288 Tz 49.2q W
2467.2
103
PROBLEM 2.99
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in AC is 850 lb and that
the resultant of the forces exerted at A by cables AB and AC lies in the yz
plane, determine (a) the tension in AB, (b) the magnitude and direction of
the resultant of the two forces.
SOLUTION
Have
TAB TAB sin 50q cos 40qi cos 50q j sin 50q sin 40q j
TAC 850 lb cos 45q sin 25qi sin 45qj cos 45q cos 25qj
(a)
RA x 0
? RA x 6Fx 0: TAB sin 50q cos 40q 850 lb cos 45q sin 25q 0
TAB 432.86 lb TAB 433 lb W

(b)
RA y 6Fy : 432.86 lb cos 50q 850 lb sin 45q
RA y 879.28 lb
RA z 6Fz : 432.86 lb sin 50q sin 40q 850 lb cos 45q cos 25q
RA z 757.87 lb
? RA 879.28 lb j 757.87 lb k
RA 1160.82 lb RA 1.161 kips W
0
cosT x 0 Tx 90.0q W
1160.82
879.28
cosT y 0.75746 Ty 139.2q W
1160.82
757.87
cosT z 0.65287 Tz 49.2q W
1160.82
104
PROBLEM 2.100
For the plate of Problem 2.89, determine the tension in cables AB and AD
knowing that the tension if cable AC is 27 lb and that the resultant of the
forces exerted by the three cables at A must be vertical.
SOLUTION
With:
JJJG
AC 45 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
AC 45 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 75 in.
JJJG
AC 27 lb
TAC TAC O AC TAC ª 45 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
AC 75 in. ¬
TAC 16.2 lb i 17.28 lb j 12.96 k
and
JJJG
AB 32 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
AB 32 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 68 in.

JJJG
AB TAB
TAB TABO AB TAB ª 32 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
AB 68 in. ¬
TAB TAB 0.4706i 0.7059 j 0.5294k
and
JJJG
AD 25 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
AD 25 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 65 in.
JJJG
AD TAD
TAD TADO AD TAD ª 25 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
AD 65 in. ¬
TAD TAD 0.3846i 0.7385 j 0.5538k
105
Now
R TAB TAD TAD
TAB 0.4706i 0.7059 j 0.5294k ª¬16.2 lb i 17.28 lb j 12.96 k º¼
TAD 0.3846i 0.7385 j 0.5538k
Since R must be vertical, the i and k components of this sum must be zero.
Hence:
0.4706TAB 0.3846TAD 16.2 lb 0 (1)
0.5294TAB 0.5538TAD 12.96 lb 0 (2)

Solving (1) and (2), we obtain:
TAB 244.79 lb, TAD 257.41 lb
TAB 245 lb W
TAD 257 lb W
106
PROBLEM 2.101
The support assembly shown is bolted in place at B, C, and D and
supports a downward force P at A. Knowing that the forces in members
AB, AC, and AD are directed along the respective members and that the
force in member AB is 146 N, determine the magnitude of P.
SOLUTION
Note that AB, AC, and AD are in compression.

Have
d BA 220 mm 2 192 mm 2 0 2 292 mm
d DA 192 mm 2 192 mm 2 96 mm 2 288 mm
dCA 0 2 192 mm 2 144 mm 2 240 mm
146 N
and FBA FBAO BA ª 220 mm i 192 mm jº¼
292 mm ¬
110 N i 96 N j
FCA
FCA FCAO CA ª192 mm j 144 mm k º¼
240 mm ¬
FCA 0.80j 0.60k
FDA
FDA FDAO DA ª192 mm i 192 mm j 96 mm k º¼
288 mm ¬
FDA > 0.66667i 0.66667 j 0.33333k @
With P Pj
At A: 6F 0: FBA FCA FDA P 0
i-component: 110 N 0.66667 FDA 0 or FDA 165 N
j-component: 96 N 0.80 FCA 0.66667 165 N P 0 (1)
k-component: 0.60FCA 0.33333 165 N 0 (2)
Solving (2) for FCA and then using that result in (1), gives P 279 N W
107
PROBLEM 2.102
The support assembly shown is bolted in place at B, C, and D and
supports a downward force P at A. Knowing that the forces in members
AB, AC, and AD are directed along the respective members and that
P 200 N, determine the forces in the members.
SOLUTION
With the results of 2.101:

FBA
FBA FBAO BA ª 220 mm i 192 mm jº¼
292 mm ¬
FBA > 0.75342i 0.65753j@ N
FCA
FCA FCAO CA ª192 mm j 144 mm k º¼
240 mm ¬
FCA 0.80 j 0.60k
FDA
FDA FDAO DA ª192 mm i 192 mm j 96 mm k º¼
288 mm ¬
FDA > 0.66667i 0.66667 j 0.33333k @
With: P 200 N j
At A: 6F 0: FBA FCA FDA P 0

Hence, equating the three (i, j, k) components to 0 gives three equations
i-component: 0.75342 FBA 0.66667 FDA 0 (1)
j-component: 0.65735FBA 0.80FCA 0.66667 FDA 200 N 0 (2)
k-component: 0.60FCA 0.33333FDA 0 (3)

Solving (1), (2), and (3), gives
FBA 104.5 N, FCA 65.6 N, FDA 118.1 N
FBA 104.5 N W
FCA 65.6 N W
FDA 118.1 N W
108
PROBLEM 2.103
Three cables are used to tether a balloon as shown. Determine the vertical
force P exerted by the balloon at A knowing that the tension in cable AB
is 60 lb.
SOLUTION
The forces applied at A are:
TAB , TAC , TAD and P
where P Pj . To express the other forces in terms of the unit vectors

i, j, k, we write
JJJG
AB 12.6 ft i 16.8 ft j AB 21 ft
JJJG
AC 7.2 ft i 16.8 ft j 12.6 ft k AC 22.2 ft
JJJG
AD 16.8 ft j 9.9 ft k AD 19.5 ft
JJJG
AB
and TAB TABO AB TAB 0.6i 0.8j TAB
AB
JJJG
AC
TAC TAC O AC TAC 0.3242i 0.75676 j 0.56757k TAC
AC
JJJG
AD
TAD TADO AD TAD 0.8615j 0.50769k TAD
AD
109
Equilibrium Condition
6F 0: TAB TAC TAD Pj 0
Substituting the expressions obtained for TAB , TAC , and TAD and
factoring i, j, and k:
0.6TAB 0.3242TAC i 0.8TAB 0.75676TAC 0.8615TAD P j
0.56757TAC 0.50769TAD k 0
Equating to zero the coefficients of i, j, k:
0.6TAB 0.3242TAC 0 (1)
0.8TAB 0.75676TAC 0.8615TAD P 0 (2)
0.56757TAC 0.50769TAD 0 (3)
Setting TAB 60 lb in (1) and (2), and solving the resulting set of
equations gives
TAC 111 lb
TAD 124.2 lb
P 239 lb W
110
PROBLEM 2.104
Three cables are used to tether a balloon as shown. Determine the vertical
force P exerted by the balloon at A knowing that the tension in cable AC
is 100 lb.
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.103 for the figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
below:
0.6TAB 0.3242TAC 0 (1)
0.8TAB 0.75676TAC 0.8615TAD P 0 (2)
0.56757TAC 0.50769TAD 0 (3)
Substituting TAC 100 lb in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the resulting set of equations
using conventional algorithms gives
TAB 54 lb
TAD 112 lb
P 215 lb W
111
PROBLEM 2.105
The crate shown in Figure P2.105 and P2.108 is supported by three
cables. Determine the weight of the crate knowing that the tension in
cable AB is 3 kN.
SOLUTION
The forces applied at A are:

TAB , TAC , TAD and P
where P Pj . To express the other forces in terms of the unit vectors
i, j, k, we write
JJJG
AB 0.72 m i 1.2 m j 0.54 m k , AB 1.5 m
JJJG
AC 1.2 m j 0.64 m k , AC 1.36 m
JJJG
AD 0.8 m i 1.2 m j 0.54 m k , AD 1.54 m
JJJG
AB
and TAB TABO AB TAB 0.48i 0.8j 0.36k TAB
AB
JJJG
AC
TAC TAC O AC TAC 0.88235j 0.47059k TAC
AC
JJJG
AD
TAD TADO AD TAD 0.51948i 0.77922 j 0.35065k TAD
AD
Equilibrium Condition with W Wj
6F 0: TAB TAC TAD Wj 0
Substituting the expressions obtained for TAB , TAC , and TAD and
factoring i, j, and k:
0.48TAB 0.51948TAD i 0.8TAB 0.88235TAC 0.77922TAD W j
0.36TAB 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD k 0
112
Equating to zero the coefficients of i, j, k:

0.48TAB 0.51948TAD 0
0.8TAB 0.88235TAC 0.77922TAD W 0
0.36TAB 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD 0
Substituting TAB 3 kN in Equations (1), (2) and (3) and solving the
resulting set of equations, using conventional algorithms for solving
linear algebraic equations, gives
TAC 4.3605 kN
TAD 2.7720 kN
W 8.41 kN W
113
PROBLEM 2.106
For the crate of Problem 2.105, determine the weight of the crate
knowing that the tension in cable AD is 2.8 kN.
Problem 2.105: The crate shown in Figure P2.105 and P2.108 is

supported by three cables. Determine the weight of the crate knowing that
the tension in cable AB is 3 kN.
SOLUTION
below:
0.48TAB 0.51948TAD 0
0.8TAB 0.88235TAC 0.77922TAD W 0
0.36TAB 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD 0
Substituting TAD 2.8 kN in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the resulting set of equations
using conventional algorithms, gives
TAB 3.03 kN
TAC 4.40 kN
W 8.49 kN W
114
PROBLEM 2.107
For the crate of Problem 2.105, determine the weight of the crate
knowing that the tension in cable AC is 2.4 kN.
Problem 2.105: The crate shown in Figure P2.105 and P2.108 is

supported by three cables. Determine the weight of the crate knowing that
the tension in cable AB is 3 kN.
SOLUTION
below:
0.48TAB 0.51948TAD 0
0.8TAB 0.88235TAC 0.77922TAD W 0
0.36TAB 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD 0
Substituting TAC 2.4 kN in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the resulting set of equations
using conventional algorithms, gives
TAB 1.651 kN
TAD 1.526 kN
W 4.63 kN W
115
PROBLEM 2.108
A 750-kg crate is supported by three cables as shown. Determine the
tension in each cable.
SOLUTION
below:
0.48TAB 0.51948TAD 0
0.8TAB 0.88235TAC 0.77922TAD W 0
0.36TAB 0.47059TAC 0.35065TAD 0
Substituting W 750 kg 9.81 m/s2 7.36 kN in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the
resulting set of equations using conventional algorithms, gives
TAB 2.63 kN W
TAC 3.82 kN W
TAD 2.43 kN W
116
PROBLEM 2.109
A force P is applied as shown to a uniform cone which is supported by
three cords, where the lines of action of the cords pass through the vertex
A of the cone. Knowing that P 0 and that the tension in cord BE is
0.2 lb, determine the weight W of the cone.
SOLUTION
Note that because the line of action of each of the cords passes through the vertex A of the cone, the cords all
have the same length, and the unit vectors lying along the cords are parallel to the unit vectors lying along the
generators of the cone.
Thus, for example, the unit vector along BE is identical to the unit vector along the generator AB.
cos 45qi 8j sin 45qk

Hence: O AB O BE
65
§ cos 45qi 8 j sin 45qk ·
It follows that: TBE TBE O BE TBE ¨ ¸
© 65 ¹
§ cos 30qi 8j sin 30qk ·

TCF TCF O CF TCF ¨ ¸
© 65 ¹
§ cos15qi 8 j sin15qk ·
TDG TDG O DG TDG ¨ ¸
© 65 ¹
117
At A: 6F 0: TBE TCF TDG W P 0
Then, isolating the factors of i, j, and k, we obtain three algebraic equations:
TBE T T
i: cos 45q CF cos 30q DG cos15q P 0
65 65 65
or TBE cos 45q TCF cos 30q TDG cos15q P 65 0 (1)
8 8 8
j: TBE TCF TDG W 0
65 65 65
65
or TBE TCF TDG W 0 (2)
8
TBE T T
k: sin 45q CF sin 30q DG sin15q 0
65 65 65
or TBE sin 45q TCF sin 30q TDG sin15q 0 (3)
With P 0 and the tension in cord BE 0.2 lb:
Solving the resulting Equations (1), (2), and (3) using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination,
matrix methods or iteration – with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TCF 0.669 lb
TDG 0.746 lb
W 1.603 lb W
118
PROBLEM 2.110
A of the cone. Knowing that the cone weighs 1.6 lb, determine the range
of values of P for which cord CF is taut.
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.109 for the Figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
below:
i : TBE cos 45q TCF cos 30q TDG cos15q 65 P 0 (1)
65
j: TBE TCF TDG W 0 (2)
8
k : TBE sin 45q TCF sin 30q TDG sin15q 0 (3)
With W 1.6 lb , the range of values of P for which the cord CF is taut can found by solving Equations (1),
(2), and (3) for the tension TCF as a function of P and requiring it to be positive (! 0).
Solving (1), (2), and (3) with unknown P, using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix
methods or iteration – with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TCF 1.729P 0.668 lb

Hence, for TCF ! 0 1.729 P 0.668 ! 0
or P 0.386 lb
? 0 P 0.386 lb W
119
PROBLEM 2.111
A transmission tower is held by three guy wires attached to a pin at A and
anchored by bolts at B, C, and D. If the tension in wire AB is 3.6 kN,
determine the vertical force P exerted by the tower on the pin at A.
SOLUTION
The force in each cable can be written as the product of the magnitude of
the force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
JJJG
AC 18 m i 30 m j 5.4 m k
AC 18 m 2 30 m 2 5.4 m 2 35.4 m

JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª18 m i 30 m j 5.4 m k º¼
AC 35.4 m ¬
TAC TAC 0.5085i 0.8475j 0.1525k

JJJG
and AB 6 m i 30 m j 7.5 m k
AB 6 m 2 30 m 2 7.5 m 2 31.5 m

JJJG
AB TAB
TAB T O AB TAB ª 6 m i 30 m j 7.5 m k º¼
AB 31.5 m ¬
TAB TAB 0.1905i 0.9524 j 0.2381k

JJJG
Finally AD 6 m i 30 m j 22.2 m k
AD 6 m 2 30 m 2 22.2 m 2 37.8 m

JJJG
AD TAD
TAD T O AD TAD ª 6 m i 30 m j 22.2 m k º¼
AD 37.8 m ¬
TAD TAD 0.1587i 0.7937 j 0.5873k
120
With P Pj, at A:
6F 0: TAB TAC TAD Pj 0
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic

equations:
i : 0.1905TAB 0.5085TAC 0.1587TAD 0 (1)
j: 0.9524TAB 0.8475TAC 0.7937TAD P 0 (2)
k : 0.2381TAB 0.1525TAC 0.5873TAD 0 (3)
In Equations (1), (2) and (3), set TAB 3.6 kN, and, using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (MATLAB or Maple,
for example), we obtain:
TAC 1.963 kN
TAD 1.969 kN
P 6.66 kN W
121
PROBLEM 2.112
anchored by bolts at B, C, and D. If the tension in wire AC is 2.6 kN,
determine the vertical force P exerted by the tower on the pin at A.
SOLUTION
Based on the results of Problem 2.111, particularly Equations (1), (2) and (3), we substitute TAC 2.6 kN
and solve the three resulting linear equations using conventional tools for solving Linear Algebraic Equations
(MATLAB or Maple, for example), to obtain
TAB 4.77 kN
TAD 2.61 kN
P 8.81 kN W
122
PROBLEM 2.113
the tension in cable AC is 15 lb, determine the weight of the plate.
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the
(scalar) force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
JJJG
AB 32 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
AB 32 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 68 in.

JJJG
AB TAB
TAB T O AB TAB ª 32 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
AB 68 in. ¬
TAB TAB 0.4706i 0.7059 j 0.5294k

JJJG
and AC 45 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
AC 45 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 75 in.

JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª 45 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
AC 75 in. ¬
TAC TAC 0.60i 0.64 j 0.48k

JJJG
Finally, AD 25 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k
AD 25 in.2 48 in.2 36 in.2 65 in.
123
JJJG
AD TAD
TAD T O AD TAD ª 25 in. i 48 in. j 36 in. k º¼
AD 65 in. ¬
TAD TAD 0.3846i 0.7385 j 0.5538k
With W Wj, at A we have:
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic

equations:
i : 0.4706TAB 0.60TAC 0.3846TAD 0 (1)
j: 0.7059TAB 0.64TAC 0.7385TAD W 0 (2)
k : 0.5294TAB 0.48TAC 0.5538TAD 0 (3)
In Equations (1), (2) and (3), set TAC 15 lb, and, using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (MATLAB or Maple,
for example), we obtain:
TAB 136.0 lb
TAD 143.0 lb
W 211 lb W
124
PROBLEM 2.114
the tension in cable AD is 120 lb, determine the weight of the plate.
SOLUTION
Based on the results of Problem 2.111, particularly Equations (1), (2) and (3), we substitute TAD 120 lb and
solve the three resulting linear equations using conventional tools for solving Linear Algebraic Equations
(MATLAB or Maple, for example), to obtain
TAC 12.59 lb
TAB 114.1 lb
W 177.2 lb W
125
PROBLEM 2.115
A horizontal circular plate having a mass of 28 kg is suspended as shown
from three wires which are attached to a support D and form 30q angles
with the vertical. Determine the tension in each wire.
SOLUTION
6Fx 0: TAD sin 30q sin 50q TBD sin 30q cos 40q
TCD sin 30q cos 60q 0

Dividing through by the factor sin 30q and evaluating the trigonometric
functions gives
0.7660TAD 0.7660TBD 0.50TCD 0 (1)
Similarly,
6Fz 0: TAD sin 30q cos 50q TBD sin 30q sin 40q
TCD sin 30q sin 60q 0
or 0.6428TAD 0.6428TBD 0.8660TCD 0 (2)
From (1) TAD TBD 0.6527TCD

Substituting this into (2):
TBD 0.3573TCD (3)
Using TAD from above:
TAD TCD (4)

Now,
6Fy 0: TAD cos 30q TBD cos 30q TCD cos 30q

28 kg 9.81 m/s 2 0
or TAD TBD TCD 317.2 N
126
Using (3) and (4), above:

TCD 0.3573TCD TCD 317.2 N
Then: TAD 135.1 N W
TBD 46.9 N W
TCD 135.1 N W
127
PROBLEM 2.116
anchored by bolts at B, C, and D. Knowing that the tower exerts on the
pin at A an upward vertical force of 8 kN, determine the tension in each
wire.
SOLUTION
From the solutions of 2.111 and 2.112:
TAB 0.5409 P
TAC 0.295P
TAD 0.2959 P
Using P 8 kN:
TAB 4.33 kN W
TAC 2.36 kN W
TAD 2.37 kN W
128
PROBLEM 2.117
For the rectangular plate of Problems 2.113 and 2.114, determine the
tension in each of the three cables knowing that the weight of the plate is
180 lb.
SOLUTION
From the solutions of 2.113 and 2.114:
TAB 0.6440 P
TAC 0.0709 P
TAD 0.6771P
Using P 180 lb:
TAB 115.9 lb W
TAC 12.76 lb W
TAD 121.9 lb W
129
PROBLEM 2.118
For the cone of Problem 2.110, determine the range of values of P for
which cord DG is taut if P is directed in the –x direction.
SOLUTION
From the solutions to Problems 2.109 and 2.110, have
TBE TCF TDG 0.2 65 (2c)
TBE sin 45q TCF sin 30q TDG sin15q 0 (3)
TBE cos 45q TCF cos 30q TDG cos15q P 65 0 (1c )
Applying the method of elimination to obtain a desired result:
Multiplying (2c) by sin 45q and adding the result to (3):
TCF sin 45q sin 30q TDG sin 45q sin15q 0.2 65 sin 45q
or TCF 0.9445 0.3714TDG (4)
Multiplying (2c) by sin 30q and subtracting (3) from the result:
TBE sin 30q sin 45q TDG sin 30q sin15q 0.2 65 sin 30q
or TBE 0.6679 0.6286TDG (5)
130
Substituting (4) and (5) into (1c) :
1.2903 1.7321TDG P 65 0
1.2903
? TDG is taut for P lb
65
or 0 d P 0.1600 lb W
131
PROBLEM 2.119
A of the cone. Knowing that the cone weighs 2.4 lb and that P 0,
determine the tension in each cord.
SOLUTION
Note that because the line of action of each of the cords passes through the vertex A of the cone, the cords all
have the same length, and the unit vectors lying along the cords are parallel to the unit vectors lying along the
generators of the cone.
Thus, for example, the unit vector along BE is identical to the unit vector along the generator AB.
Hence:
cos 45qi 8j sin 45qk
O AB OBE
65
It follows that:
§ cos 45qi 8 j sin 45qk ·
TBE TBE O BE TBE ¨ ¸
© 65 ¹
§ cos 30qi 8j sin 30qk ·

TCF TCF O CF TCF ¨ ¸
© 65 ¹
§ cos15qi 8 j sin15qk ·
TDG TDG O DG TDG ¨ ¸
© 65 ¹
At A: 6F 0: TBE TCF TDG W P 0
132
Then, isolating the factors if i, j, and k we obtain three algebraic equations:

TBE T T
i: cos 45q CF cos 30q DG cos15q 0
65 65 65
or TBE cos 45q TCF cos 30q TDG cos15q 0 (1)
8 8 8
j: TBE TCF TDG W 0
65 65 65
2.4
or TBE TCF TDG 65 0.3 65 (2)
8
TBE T T
k: sin 45q CF sin 30q DG sin15q P 0
65 65 65
or TBE sin 45q TCF sin 30q TDG sin15q P 65 (3)

With P 0, the tension in the cords can be found by solving the resulting Equations (1), (2), and (3) using
conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix methods or iteration–with MATLAB or Maple,
for example). We obtain
TBE 0.299 lb W
TCF 1.002 lb W
TDG 1.117 lb W
133
PROBLEM 2.120
A of the cone. Knowing that the cone weighs 2.4 lb and that P 0.1 lb,
determine the tension in each cord.
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.121 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3) below:
TBE cos 45q TCF cos 30q TDG cos15q 0 (1)
TBE TCF TDG 0.3 65 (2)
TBE sin 45q TCF sin 30q TDG sin15q P 65 (3)
With P 0.1 lb, solving (1), (2), and (3), using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix
methods or iteration–with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain
TBE 1.006 lb W
TCF 0.357 lb W
TDG 1.056 lb W
134
PROBLEM 2.121
Using two ropes and a roller chute, two workers are unloading a 200-kg
cast-iron counterweight from a truck. Knowing that at the instant shown
the counterweight is kept from moving and that the positions of points A,
B, and C are, respectively, A(0, –0.5 m, 1 m), B(–0.6 m, 0.8 m, 0), and
C(0.7 m, 0.9 m, 0), and assuming that no friction exists between the
counterweight and the chute, determine the tension in each rope. (Hint:
Since there is no friction, the force exerted by the chute on the
counterweight must be perpendicular to the chute.)
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the chute:
N
N 2j k N 0.8944 j 0.4472k
5
As in Problem 2.11, for example, the force in each rope can be written as
the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along the
cable. Thus, with
JJJG
AB 0.6 m i 1.3 m j 1 m k
AB 0.6 m 2 1.3 m 2 1 m 2 1.764 m

JJJG
AB TAB
TAB T O AB TAB ª 0.6 m i 1.3 m j 1 m k º¼
AB 1.764 m ¬
TAB TAB 0.3436i 0.7444 j 0.5726k

JJJG
and AC 0.7 m i 1.4 m j 1 m k
AC 0.7 m 2 1.4 m 2 1 m 2 1.8574 m

JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª 0.7 m i 1.4 m j 1 m k º¼
AC 1.764 m ¬
TAC TAC 0.3769i 0.7537 j 0.5384k
Then: 6F 0: N TAB TAC W 0
135
With W 200 kg 9.81 m/s 1962 N, and equating the factors of i, j,

and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic equations:
i : 0.3436TAB 0.3769TAC 0 (1)
j: 0.7444TAB 0.7537TAC 0.8944 N 1962 0 (2)
k : 0.5726TAB 0.5384TAC 0.4472 N 0 (3)
Using conventional methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations

(elimination, MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain
N 1311 N
TAB 551 N W
TAC 503 N W
136
PROBLEM 2.122
Solve Problem 2.121 assuming that a third worker is exerting a force
P (180 N)i on the counterweight.
Problem 2.121: Using two ropes and a roller chute, two workers are
unloading a 200-kg cast-iron counterweight from a truck. Knowing that at
the instant shown the counterweight is kept from moving and that the
positions of points A, B, and C are, respectively, A(0, –0.5 m, 1 m),
B(–0.6 m, 0.8 m, 0), and C(0.7 m, 0.9 m, 0), and assuming that no friction
exists between the counterweight and the chute, determine the tension in
each rope. (Hint: Since there is no friction, the force exerted by the chute
on the counterweight must be perpendicular to the chute.)
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the chute:
N
N 2j k N 0.8944 j 0.4472k
5
As in Problem 2.11, for example, the force in each rope can be written as
the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along the
cable. Thus, with
JJJG
AB 0.6 m i 1.3 m j 1 m k
AB 0.6 m 2 1.3 m 2 1 m 2 1.764 m

JJJG
AB TAB
AB 1.764 m ¬
TAB TAB 0.3436i 0.7444 j 0.5726k

JJJG
and AC 0.7 m i 1.4 m j 1 m k
AC 0.7 m 2 1.4 m 2 1 m 2 1.8574 m

JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª 0.7 m i 1.4 m j 1 m k º¼
AC 1.764 m ¬
TAC TAC 0.3769i 0.7537 j 0.5384k
Then: 6F 0: N TAB TAC P W 0
137
Where P 180 N i
and W
¬
ª 200 kg 9.81 m/s 2 º j
¼
1962 N j
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear equations:
i : 0.3436TAB 0.3769TAC 180 0
j: 0.8944 N 0.7444TAB 0.7537TAC 1962 0
k : 0.4472 N 0.5726TAB 0.5384TAC 0
Using conventional methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations

(elimination, MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain
N 1302 N
TAB 306 N W
TAC 756 N W
138
PROBLEM 2.123
A piece of machinery of weight W is temporarily supported by cables AB,
AC, and ADE. Cable ADE is attached to the ring at A, passes over the
pulley at D and back through the ring, and is attached to the support at E.
Knowing that W 320 lb, determine the tension in each cable. (Hint:
The tension is the same in all portions of cable ADE.)
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the (scalar) force and the unit vector along
the cable. That is, with
JJJG
AB 9 ft i 8 ft j 12 ft k
AB 9 ft 2 8 ft 2 12 ft 2 17 ft
JJJG
AB TAB
TAB T O AB TAB ª 9 ft i 8 ft j 12 ft k º¼
AB 17 ft ¬
TAB TAB 0.5294i 0.4706 j 0.7059k
and
JJJG
AC 0 i 8 ft j 6 ft k
AC 0 ft 2 8 ft 2 6 ft 2 10 ft
JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª 0 ft i 8 ft j 6 ft k º¼
AC 10 ft ¬
TAC TAC 0.8 j 0.6k
and
JJJG
AD 4 ft i 8 ft j 1 ft k
AD 4 ft 2 8 ft 2 1 ft 2 9 ft
JJJG
AD TADE
TAD T O AD TADE ª 4 ft i 8 ft j 1 ft k º¼
AD 9 ft ¬
TAD TADE 0.4444i 0.8889 j 0.1111k
139
Finally,
JJJG
AE 8 ft i 8 ft j 4 ft k
AE 8 ft 2 8 ft 2 4 ft 2 12 ft
JJJG
AE TADE
TAE T O AE TADE ª 8 ft i 8 ft j 4 ft k º¼
AE 12 ft ¬
TAE TADE 0.6667i 0.6667 j 0.3333k
With the weight of the machinery, W W j, at A, we have:

6F 0: TAB TAC 2TAD Wj 0
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the following linear algebraic equations:
0.5294TAB 2 0.4444TADE 0.6667TADE 0 (1)
0.4706TAB 0.8TAC 2 0.8889TADE 0.6667TADE W 0 (2)
0.7059TAB 0.6TAC 2 0.1111TADE 0.3333TADE 0 (3)
Knowing that W 320 lb, we can solve Equations (1), (2) and (3) using conventional methods for solving
Linear Algebraic Equations (elimination, matrix methods via MATLAB or Maple, for example) to obtain
TAB 46.5 lb W
TAC 34.2 lb W
TADE 110.8 lb W
140
PROBLEM 2.124
A piece of machinery of weight W is temporarily supported by cables AB,
AC, and ADE. Cable ADE is attached to the ring at A, passes over the
pulley at D and back through the ring, and is attached to the support at E.
Knowing that the tension in cable AB is 68 lb, determine (a) the tension
in AC, (b) the tension in ADE, (c) the weight W. (Hint: The tension is the
same in all portions of cable ADE.)
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.123 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3), below:
0.5294TAB 2 0.4444TADE 0.6667TADE 0 (1)
0.4706TAB 0.8TAC 2 0.8889TADE 0.6667TADE W 0 (2)
0.7059TAB 0.6TAC 2 0.1111TADE 0.3333TADE 0 (3)
Knowing that the tension in cable AB is 68 lb, we can solve Equations (1), (2) and (3) using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (elimination, matrix methods via MATLAB or Maple, for
example) to obtain
(a) TAC 50.0 lb W
(b) TAE 162.0 lb W
(c) W 468 lb W
141
PROBLEM 2.125
A container of weight W is suspended from ring A. Cable BAC passes
through the ring and is attached to fixed supports at B and C. Two forces
P Pi and Q Qk are applied to the ring to maintain the container is
the position shown. Knowing that W 1200 N, determine P and Q.
(Hint: The tension is the same in both portions of cable BAC.)
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the
(scalar) force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
JJJG
AB 0.48 m i 0.72 m j 0.16 m k
AB 0.48 m 2 0.72 m 2 0.16 m 2 0.88 m

JJJG
AB TAB
TAB T O AB TAB ª 0.48 m i 0.72 m j 0.16 m k º¼
AB 0.88 m ¬
TAB TAB 0.5455i 0.8182 j 0.1818k
and
JJJG
AC 0.24 m i 0.72 m j 0.13 m k
AC 0.24 m 2 0.72 m 2 0.13 m 2 0.77 m

JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª 0.24 m i 0.72 m j 0.13 m k º¼
AC 0.77 m ¬
TAC TAC 0.3177i 0.9351j 0.1688k
At A: 6F 0: TAB TAC P Q W 0
142
Noting that TAB TAC because of the ring A, we equate the factors of
i, j, and k to zero to obtain the linear algebraic equations:
i: 0.5455 0.3177 T P 0
or P 0.2338T
j: 0.8182 0.9351 T W 0
or W 1.7532T
k: 0.1818 0.1688 T Q 0
or Q 0.356T
With W 1200 N:
1200 N
T 684.5 N
1.7532
P 160.0 N W
Q 240 N W
143
PROBLEM 2.126
For the system of Problem 2.125, determine W and P knowing that
Q 160 N.
Problem 2.125: A container of weight W is suspended from ring A.
Cable BAC passes through the ring and is attached to fixed supports at B
and C. Two forces P Pi and Q Qk are applied to the ring to
maintain the container is the position shown. Knowing that W 1200 N,
determine P and Q. (Hint: The tension is the same in both portions of
cable BAC.)
SOLUTION
Based on the results of Problem 2.125, particularly the three equations relating P, Q, W, and T we substitute
Q 160 N to obtain
160 N
T 456.3 N
0.3506
W 800 N W
P 107.0 N W
144
PROBLEM 2.127
Collars A and B are connected by a 1-m-long wire and can slide freely on
frictionless rods. If a force P (680 N) j is applied at A, determine
(a) the tension in the wire when y 300 mm, (b) the magnitude of the
force Q required to maintain the equilibrium of the system.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagrams of collars For both Problems 2.127 and 2.128:
AB 2 x2 y 2 z 2
Here 1 m 2 0.40 m 2 y2 z2
or y2 z2 0.84 m 2
Thus, with y given, z is determined.
Now
JJJG
AB 1
O AB 0.40i yj zk m 0.4i yk zk
AB 1m
Where y and z are in units of meters, m.
From the F.B. Diagram of collar A:
6F 0: N xi N zk Pj TAB O AB 0
Setting the j coefficient to zero gives:
P yTAB 0
With P 680 N,
680 N
TAB
y
Now, from the free body diagram of collar B:
6F 0: N xi N y j Qk TABO AB 0
145
Setting the k coefficient to zero gives:

Q TAB z 0
And using the above result for TAB we have
680 N
Q TAB z z
y
Then, from the specifications of the problem, y 300 mm 0.3 m
0.84 m 2 0.3 m
2
z2
? z 0.866 m
and
680 N
(a) TAB 2266.7 N
0.30
or TAB 2.27 kN W
and
(b) Q 2266.7 0.866 1963.2 N
or Q 1.963 kN W
146
PROBLEM 2.128
Solve Problem 2.127 assuming y 550 mm.
Problem 2.127: Collars A and B are connected by a 1-m-long wire and
can slide freely on frictionless rods. If a force P (680 N) j is applied at
A, determine (a) the tension in the wire when y 300 mm, (b) the
magnitude of the force Q required to maintain the equilibrium of the
system.
SOLUTION
From the analysis of Problem 2.127, particularly the results:
y2 z2 0.84 m 2
680 N
TAB
y
680 N
Q z
y
With y 550 mm 0.55 m, we obtain:
0.84 m 2 0.55 m
2
z2
? z 0.733 m
and
680 N
(a) TAB 1236.4 N
0.55
or TAB 1.236 kN W
and
(b) Q 1236 0.866 N 906 N
or Q 0.906 kN W
147
PROBLEM 2.129
Member BD exerts on member ABC a force P directed along line BD.
Knowing that P must have a 300-lb horizontal component, determine
(a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its vertical component.
SOLUTION
(a) P sin 35q 300 1b
300 lb
P
sin 35q
P 523 lb W
(b) Vertical Component
Pv P cos 35q
523 lb cos 35q

Pv 428 lb W
148
PROBLEM 2.130
A container of weight W is suspended from ring A, to which cables AC
and AE are attached. A force P is applied to the end F of a third cable
which passes over a pulley at B and through ring A and which is attached
to a support at D. Knowing that W 1000 N, determine the magnitude
of P. (Hint: The tension is the same in all portions of cable FBAD.)
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the (scalar) force and the unit vector along
JJJG
AB 0.78 m i 1.6 m j 0 m k
AB 0.78 m 2 1.6 m 2 0 2 1.78 m

JJJG
AB TAB
AB 1.78 m ¬
TAB TAB 0.4382i 0.8989 j 0k
and
JJJG
AC 0 i 1.6 m j 1.2 m k
AC 0 m 2 1.6 m 2 1.2 m 2 2m
JJJG
AC TAC
TAC T O AC TAC ª 0 i 1.6 m j 1.2 m k º¼
AC 2m¬
TAC TAC 0.8 j 0.6k
and
JJJG
AD 1.3 m i 1.6 m j 0.4 m k
AD 1.3 m 2 1.6 m 2 0.4 m 2 2.1 m
JJJG
AD TAD
TAD T O AD TAD ª1.3 m i 1.6 m j 0.4 m k º¼
AD 2.1 m ¬
TAD TAD 0.6190i 0.7619 j 0.1905k
149
Finally,
JJJG
AE 0.4 m i 1.6 m j 0.86 m k
AE 0.4 m 2 1.6 m 2 0.86 m 2 1.86 m

JJJG
AE TAE
TAE T O AE TAE ª 0.4 m i 1.6 m j 0.86 m k º¼
AE 1.86 m ¬
TAE TAE 0.2151i 0.8602 j 0.4624k
With the weight of the container W Wj, at A we have:

Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the following linear algebraic equations:
0.4382TAB 0.6190TAD 0.2151TAE 0 (1)
0.8989TAB 0.8TAC 0.7619TAD 0.8602TAE W 0 (2)
0.6TAC 0.1905TAD 0.4624TAE 0 (3)
Knowing that W 1000 N and that because of the pulley system at B TAB TAD P, where P is the
externally applied (unknown) force, we can solve the system of linear equations (1), (2) and (3) uniquely
for P.
P 378 N W
150
PROBLEM 2.131
A container of weight W is suspended from ring A, to which cables AC
and AE are attached. A force P is applied to the end F of a third cable
which passes over a pulley at B and through ring A and which is attached
to a support at D. Knowing that the tension in cable AC is 150 N,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) the weight W of the
container. (Hint: The tension is the same in all portions of cable FBAD.)
SOLUTION
Here, as in Problem 2.130, the support of the container consists of the four cables AE, AC, AD, and AB, with
the condition that the force in cables AB and AD is equal to the externally applied force P. Thus, with the
condition
TAB TAD P
and using the linear algebraic equations of Problem 2.131 with TAC 150 N, we obtain
(a) P 454 N W
(b) W 1202 N W
151
PROBLEM 2.132
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that
Q 60 lb, determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
6Fy 0: TCA Q cos 30q 0
With Q 60 lb
(a) TCA 60 lb 0.866

TCA 52.0 lb W
(b) 6Fx 0: P TCB Q sin 30q 0
With P 75 lb
TCB 75 lb 60 lb 0.50
or TCB 45.0 lb W
152
PROBLEM 2.133
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Determine the range
of values of Q for which the tension will not exceed 60 lb in either cable.
SOLUTION
Have 6Fx 0: TCA Q cos 30q 0
or TCA 0.8660 Q
Then for TCA d 60 lb
0.8660Q 60 lb
or Q d 69.3 lb
From 6Fy 0: TCB P Q sin 30q
or TCB 75 lb 0.50Q
For TCB d 60 lb
75 lb 0.50Q d 60 lb
or 0.50Q t 15 lb
Thus, Q t 30 lb
Therefore, 30.0 d Q d 69.3 lb W
153
PROBLEM 2.134
A welded connection is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces
shown. Knowing that FA 8 kN and FB 16 kN, determine the
magnitudes of the other two forces.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of 3 3
Connection 6Fx 0: FB FC FA 0
5 5
With FA 8 kN, FB 16 kN
4 4
FC 16 kN 8 kN
5 5
FC 6.40 kN W
3 3
6Fy 0: FD FB FA 0
5 5
With FA and FB as above:
3 3
FD 16 kN 8 kN
5 5
FD 4.80 kN W
154
PROBLEM 2.135
A welded connection is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces
shown. Knowing that FA 5 kN and FD 6 kN, determine the
magnitudes of the other two forces.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of 3 3
Connection 6Fy 0: FD FA FB 0
5 5
3
or FB FD FA
5
With FA 5 kN, FD 8 kN
5ª 3 º
FB 6 kN 5 kN »
3 «¬ 5 ¼
FB 15.00 kN W
4 4
6Fx 0: FC FB FA 0
5 5
4
FC FB FA
5
4
15 kN 5 kN
5
FC 8.00 kN W
155
PROBLEM 2.136
Collar A is connected as shown to a 50-lb load and can slide on a
frictionless horizontal rod. Determine the magnitude of the force P
required to maintain the equilibrium of the collar when (a) x 4.5 in.,
(b) x 15 in.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of Collar (a) Triangle Proportions
4.5
6Fx 0: P 50 lb 0
20.5
or P 10.98 lb W
(b) Triangle Proportions
15
6Fx 0: P 50 lb 0
25
or P 30.0 lb W
156
PROBLEM 2.137
Collar A is connected as shown to a 50-lb load and can slide on a
frictionless horizontal rod. Determine the distance x for which the collar
is in equilibrium when P 48 lb.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of Collar
Triangle Proportions
50 xˆ
Hence: 6Fx 0: 48 0
400 xˆ 2
48
or xˆ 400 xˆ 2
50
xˆ 2
0.92 lb 400 xˆ 2
xˆ 2 4737.7 in 2
xˆ 68.6 in. W
157
PROBLEM 2.138
A frame ABC is supported in part by cable DBE which passes through a
frictionless ring at B. Knowing that the tension in the cable is 385 N,
determine the components of the force exerted by the cable on the
support at D.
SOLUTION
The force in cable DB can be written as the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along the
cable. That is, with
JJJG
DB 480 mm i 510 mm j 320 mm k
DB 480 2 510 2 320 2 770 mm

JJJG
DB 385 N
F F O DB F ª 480 mm i 510 mm j 320 mm k º¼
DB 770 mm ¬
F 240 N i 255 N j 160 N k

Fx 240 N, Fy 255 N, Fz 160.0 N W
158
PROBLEM 2.139
A frame ABC is supported in part by cable DBE which passes through a
frictionless ring at B. Determine the magnitude and direction of the
resultant of the forces exerted by the cable at B knowing that the tension
in the cable is 385 N.
SOLUTION
The force in each cable can be written as the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along
JJJG
BD 0.48 m i 0.51 m j 0.32 m k
BD 0.48 m 2 0.51 m 2 0.32 m 2 0.77 m

JJJG
BD TBD
TBD T O BD TBD ª 0.48 m i 0.51 m j 0.32 m k º¼
BD 0.77 m ¬
TBD TBD 0.6234i 0.6623j 0.4156k
and
JJJG
BE 0.27 m i 0.40 m j 0.6 m k
BE 0.27 m 2 0.40 m 2 0.6 m 2 0.770 m

JJJG
BD TBE
TBE T O BE TBE ª 0.26 m i 0.40 m j 0.6 m k º¼
BD 0.770 m ¬
TBE TBE 0.3506i 0.5195 j 0.7792k
Now, because of the frictionless ring at B, TBE TBD 385 N and the force on the support due to the two
cables is
F 385 N 0.6234i 0.6623j 0.4156k 0.3506i 0.5195j 0.7792k
375 N i 455 N j 460 N k
159
The magnitude of the resultant is
F Fx2 Fy2 Fz2 375 N 2 455 N 2 460 N 2 747.83 N
or F 748 N W
The direction of this force is:
375
Tx cos 1 or T x 120.1q W
747.83
455
Ty cos 1 or T y 52.5q W
747.83
460
Tz cos 1 or T z 128.0q W
747.83
160
PROBLEM 2.140
A steel tank is to be positioned in an excavation. Using trigonometry,
determine (a) the magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for
which the resultant R of the two forces applied at A is vertical, (b) the
SOLUTION
Force Triangle (a) For minimum P it must be perpendicular to the vertical resultant R
? P 425 lb cos 30q

or P 368 lb W
(b) R 425 lb sin 30q

or R 213 lb W
161

Vector Mechanics For Engineers Statics 7th - Cap 02

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PROBLEM 2.

We measure: D 51.3q, E 59q

We measure: R 575 N, D 67q

We measure: R 37 lb, D 76q

We measure: R 61.5 lb, D 86.5q

Graphically, by the triangle law

By trigonometry: Law of Sines

D 90q  28q 62q, E 180q  62q  38q 80q

Using the Law of Sines

D 90q  10q 80q, E 180q  80q  38q 62q

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

sin E sin 40q

Then: D  E  40q 180q

(b) Using the Law of Sines:

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

sin D sin 40q

(b) D  E  40q 180q

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

Have: D 180q  35q  25q

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

(b) E 180  35q  43.5q

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

(b) E 180q  30q  45.6q

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

(b) E 180q  15q  30q

(b) R 20 lb cos 30q

We observe that force P is minimum when D is 90q, that is, P is horizontal

Then: (a) P 360 N sin 35q

And: (b) R 360 N cos 35q

Using the force triangle and the Law of Cosines

Using now the Law of Sines

Angle of inclination of R, I is then such that:

Hence: R 25.2 lb 8.13q W

We have: D 180q  50q  25q

Then: R2 4.5 kN 2  6 kN 2  2 4.5 kN 6 kN cos105q

From the geometry of the problem:

Now: T 180q  38.66  30.96q 110.38

R2 500 N 2  160 N 2  2 500 N 160 N cos110.38q

Using the Law of Sines:

J 180q  15q  30q

Then: D  E  75q 180q

We have: J 180q  45q  25q 110q

Hence: I D  45q 72.028q

We have: J 180q  45q  25q 110q

Finally: I D  45q 87.97q

Fx  20 kN cos 40q, Fx 15.32 kN W

Fy  20 kN sin 40q, Fy 12.86 kN W

Fx  30 kN cos 70q, Fx 10.26 kN W

Fy  30 kN sin 70q, Fy 28.2 kN W

Fx  42 kN cos 20q, Fx 39.5 kN W

Fy  42 kN sin 20q, Fy 14.36 kN W

Fx  40 lb sin 50q, Fx 30.6 lb W

Fy  40 lb cos 50q, Fy 25.7 lb W

Fx  60 lb cos 60q, Fx 30.0 lb W

Fy  60 lb sin 60q, Fy 52.0 lb W

Fx  80 lb cos 25q, Fx 72.5 lb W

Fy  80 lb sin 25q, Fy 33.8 lb W

We compute the following distances:

We compute the following distances:

OB 210 2  200 2 290 mm

OC 120 2  225 2 255 mm

(b) Py Px tan 40q P sin 40q

D 90q 28q 62q, E 180q 62q 38q 80q

D 90q 10q 80q, E 180q 80q 38q 62q

Then: D E 40q 180q

(b) D E 40q 180q

Have: D 180q 35q 25q

(b) E 180 35q 43.5q

(b) E 180q 30q 45.6q

(b) E 180q 15q 30q

We have: D 180q 50q 25q

Then: R2 4.5 kN 2 6 kN 2 2 4.5 kN 6 kN cos105q

Now: T 180q 38.66 30.96q 110.38

R2 500 N 2 160 N 2 2 500 N 160 N cos110.38q

J 180q 15q 30q

Then: D E 75q 180q

We have: J 180q 45q 25q 110q

Hence: I D 45q 72.028q

We have: J 180q 45q 25q 110q

Finally: I D 45q 87.97q

Fx 20 kN cos 40q, Fx 15.32 kN W

Fy 20 kN sin 40q, Fy 12.86 kN W

Fx 30 kN cos 70q, Fx 10.26 kN W

Fy 30 kN sin 70q, Fy 28.2 kN W

Fx 42 kN cos 20q, Fx 39.5 kN W

Fy 42 kN sin 20q, Fy 14.36 kN W

Fx 40 lb sin 50q, Fx 30.6 lb W

Fy 40 lb cos 50q, Fy 25.7 lb W

Fx 60 lb cos 60q, Fx 30.0 lb W

Fy 60 lb sin 60q, Fy 52.0 lb W

Fx 80 lb cos 25q, Fx 72.5 lb W

Fy 80 lb sin 25q, Fy 33.8 lb W

OB 210 2 200 2 290 mm

OC 120 2 2252 255 mm

F500 140 N i 480 N j

F425 315 N i 300 N j

R 415 N 2 330 N 2 530.2 N

F20 15.32 kN i 12.86 kN j

F42 39.5 kN i 14.36 kN j

R 55.42 kN 2 34.44 N 2 65.2 kN

F212 112.0 lb i 180.0 lb j

Fy 600 N sin 35q 344.1 N

R 1002.8 N 2 86.2 N 2 1006.5 N

Fy 600 N sin 5q 52.3 N

R 914.5 N 2 448.8 N 2 1018.7 N

R 21 lb 2 40 lb 2 45.177 lb

Rx 6Fx 140 lb cos 50q 60 lb cos85q 160 lb cos 50q

Ry 6Fy 140 lb sin 50q 60 lb sin 85q 160 lb sin 50q

Rx 6Fx 140 lb cosD 60 lb cos D 35q 160 lb cosD

cos D 3 cos D cos 35q sin D sin 35q 0

R Ry 6Fy 140 lb sin 40.265q 60 lb sin 75.265q 160 lb sin 40.265q

R Ry 0.6897 116.0 lb 140 lb 60 lb

Ry 6Fy 0: 4 kN cos 25q 5.2 kN sin 35q TAE sin 65q 0

4 kN sin 25q 5.2 kN cos 35q 7.2909 kN cos 65q

Rx 6Fx 300 N 400 N cos D 600 N sin D (1)

Ry 6Fy 400 N sin D 600 N cosD (2)

Rx 300 N 400 N cos 56.3q 600 N sin 56.3q

AC 16 in.2 12 in.2 20 in.

BC 20 in.2 21 in.2 29 in.

Finally, the skier weight 1608.5 N 300 N 1308.5 N

Finally, the skier weight 813.8 N 300 N 513.8 N