IT Present Continuous A, seri tub sau ‘An is in her car. She is on her way to work. Ana dang & trong ze hoi. C6 4y dang trén durting di lam. She is driving to work. C6 dy dang li xe di lam, Cau nay 06 nglite la: C8 dy Bay gid dang Idi xe. Tai thoi diém dang néi, hanh déng lat xe cha chim duit. Anuvis/are -ing lé th hign tai siép dién (presene continues) B. 1 am ding something = i dang lim vide g dé; Téidang & gi thoi dim limn céug vide cho; Toi di sv clase oan tdt o6ng wide “Thuong thi haah dong dang xay rata thot diém not + Please don’t make so much noise. I'm working. (not I wack). |.” senting lam én qu su vy Tiana am vigo |). Where's Margaret?” ’She’s having a hath.’ (not ‘che has « bath’) 'Macoatet fedtan wiv?! (CA Ar dane tim! Let’s go out now. It isn’t raining any more, (not Tt docant rain) Bay gi ching ta hy dira ngodi, Troi khéng con smra nits (ata pary) Hello, Jane. Are you enjoying the party? (net ‘do you enjoy). (tai mai budi tide) Kin chao Jane. Ban 6 thich budi tie nay khing? I'm tired, I’m going to bed now. Goodnight! ‘Toi mét réi, Toidi ng’ bay git day. Cixic ngii ngon ahé! Nhung hah dong khong nhét tit xay re tai thot ciém dang nc, Vi cu nur Tom and Amn are talking in a café. Tom says: Tom va Ann dang adi chuyén trong quén caphé, Tom nti: T'm reading an interesting book at the moment. I'll lend it to you when I've finished it. Lite nay i6i dang doc més quyén sch hay. Téi sé cho ban muon khi nao ti doc 2x0ng. ‘Tom khéng doc sch vio hic néi véi Ann Ach dy ruén n6ilé anh dy d' khdi sw doc cudn sichdé nung chia doe xong, Ank dy dang trong thai gian doc 1 em thém mot si vi dy: |) « Catherine wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian. (Vo thai diém néi cé thé f c6 av khéne nhai dene hoc tiéne ‘),© Some fiends of mine are building their own house. They hope it will finished before next summer. Ching ta ding thi present continous ki n6i vé nting viéc ay ra tai mot kho’ng this gian gn ‘voi hic néi, vi du nhw today (him ney), this week (tuén nay), this evening (chiéu nay) v.v, * “You're working hard today.” “Yes, I have a lot to do” (not 'you work hard today’) « “Is Susan working this week?” “No, she’s on holiday”. Cy cing ta ding thi present continuous li Si v8 rhing thay Adi dang din ea tong thd gan i © The population of the world is rising very fast. (nat ise’) Dan sé thé gi6t dang ofa tang rt rhanh. («1s your English getting better? ) Téng Anh cia ban lend hon réi chi? 1B unit 2 enone A xetnt ting sax Alexis bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep. So’ He ts not driving bus, (Ae 1s asleep) tz He drives a bus. (Fe 15 a bus driver.) (Alex la mot tai xé lai xe buyt, rhung bay git’ ath ay dang ng). Vi vay. Anh dy khong phai dang lai xe (anh dy dang ngui) hung Aah ay lai xe buyt (aah dy la tan x8 xe buy) Drive(s)/Work(s)/Do(es), wv. fa thi present simple (thi hién tai don) Ching ta ding thi present simple dé néi mit cach chung chung vé nhting sw vat hay sv vies nao dé, Ta king chi riéng dé cap dén hin tai ma thé! Ching ta ding thi nay dé néi v8 nhiing sx viéc, hanh ding x4y ra thydng xuyén hay lap di lap Iai, ho’ic nhitng sy viéc hién nhién dig noi chung Sw vise dang ni cd dn ra hie da hay khéing l khiing quan trong. « Nurses look after patients in hospitals. = Tusually go away at weekends. = The earth goos round the sun. [| Hey nhd rang ta nd: he/shelit-s, Dimg quéa thém s va0déng ar© Lwork... nhung He works... + They teach afung My sister teaches. B ching a sang dotdoes é dat cau nghi vén va ght din do Lwelyouthey work? does he/shefit work? Thwefthey don't work he/shefit —daesn't work I come from Canada. Where do you come from? “Would you like a cigarette?” “No, thanks. T don’t smoke”, ‘What does this word mean? + Rice doesn’t grow in cold climates. (Lia khong moc dhxoe & vung keh hu lant) ‘Trong nhting vi du sen do cfing 1 déag bY chink: + “What do you do?” (= Whet's your job?) “I work in a shop”. \ » He's so lazy. He doesn’t do anything to help me. (not'He doesn't anything, ) 4 £ © cing ta ding ti present simpte ki muin dién dat mic d0 thing mayen x8y ra ta st © I get up at o'clock every morning. Ann doesn't drink tea very offen, + In summer John usually plays tennis once or twice a week. D 1 promise apotagie, hi an hits latn viée gi dé, ban c6 thé néi T promise... ki ban dé nghidién gi han o@ thé néi L suggest... Cining ta ding thi presene simple (promise/suggest v.v...) tong niting cau nbnr vay. ‘* I promise I won't be late. (nof'I'n promising’) «+ Fihat do you suggest I do?” “I suggest that you...” (ain ai) { agree... (dag 9) / I refuse (br \_ Tuong sy chting ta n6i I apologise... / I insist ) catiy vv.\ ¥ : To ero) Hay nghién cru cc Ibi gai thich va so sda cdc wi du sau: Present continuous (I am doing) Hay ding thi Present Continous 4é din té abiing sw vie xy ra ngay hic ta néi hay sung quanh thi diéin do, va hah ctong cha chdmm dus «The water is boiling. Can you turn it off? (Nude dang s6i Ban o6 thé tit bép duge khong) « Listen to those people. What language are they speaking? (Hey nghe nbting ngutri kia, Ho dang noi téng mute ndo vay?) « Let's go out, It isn’t raining now. (Dinh ra ngoi di, Hign trbi khong mura dau.) « “Don't disturb me. I’m busy.” “Why? What are you doing?” (*Dimg qudy ry t6i, Toi dang ban." "Sao? Ban dang lim gio?) « Lam going to bed now. Goodnight! (Téi di ngh day. Chic ngt ngon') « Maria is in Britain at the moment. She’s learning English, (Maria hign giv'dang § Anh qaéc. C6 4y dang hoc tiéng Anh.) T'm living with some friends until I find a flat. (Ti én & chang vei may nguii ban cho dén Khi tii tim duoe mét cn 26.) « “You're working hard today” “Yes, I've gota lot to do.” ("Hom nay ban lam viee vat va thet" *U, min co mhiéu wige phai fam qua") Kem thém UNIT 1 Present Simple (1 do) Hay ding thi Present Simple dé 48 cip ti céc sy vige mét eéch chung chung, hay ahiing sv vige dot Bp di ip li, + Water boils at 100 degrees celeius. (Nude $61 8 100.d6 C). + Excuse me. Do you speak English? (iin ii. Ban noi durge tiéng Anh kong?) « Te doesn’t rain very much in the summer. (Trti khong rma qua nhiéu vao mba he.) © What do you usually do at weekends? (Ban thuéng lim gi do cubi tun?) « Lalways go to bed before midnight. (Toi tharong di ng tate 12 gir déen) Most people learn to swim when they are children. gi ngyi hoc boi kip ct aka.)Hy ding thi Present Simple dé dién dat mot tinh hnéng hay treng thai cé tic n din, lau dai © My parents live in London, They have lived there for all their lives. (Che me ii séng 5 London, Hai nguiid& sing 6 dé subt dai.) + John isn'tlazy, He works very hard most of the time. (Gon khéng iuéi du. Hu aku hic ndo anh Sy cing im viée rdt chim chi.) em thém UNIT2. Bs aeoys do vim always doing ‘Thing tinetng ching ta ding “| always do something” (=P fic nda efing lam vibe da) * always go to work by car. ‘Toi luon oii lam bang xe hoi, (khong not ‘Im always ening’. Ban cling co thé noi “I’m always doing something”, ahung voi mot y nghia khec. Lay vi dw © I've lostmy key again, I'm alnays losing things. ‘Toi lai lam mnt chas kid, Toi tad Lam mdi, |. 2 Tmatways tosing ening” khong co age a i ne nao ching fam mdr cma 09 nee Ta Dp wee ti am mat dd say ra qu thutmng suyén, nhién hon binh thedng, § ¢ *You're always -ing” 6 natia han ain wes dé rétthutme suyén, sy thing maven ma nest | ndi cho fa nhiéu hon binh thudng, Ee eT Ching ta chi ding thi Present Continuous véi cac hanh ding hay cae sw kién (atu they are eatingat is raining ...) Mot si dng th, vi du nly know v4 lke khing oh la nhting dong nr hath déng. Ban khdng thé nti Yam knowing’ hay they are bking’, Ban chico thé gi “I know", “they like”. Nhiing déng nt sau day khiing dupe dung wii thi Present Continuous: like love hate want need prefer Inow realise suppose mean understand believe remember belong contain consist depend seem Pm hungry. I vant something to eat. (ueé'T am wanting’) Toidang dei, Toi muén an mot chs do © Do you understand what T mean? Ban cé hiéu § t5imuda néi gi khong? + Amn doesn't seem very happy at the mement. (© Gaenay dong nha Ana khéng due wai |) Eth: think duos ding véi nghfa believe (im acing), ta khéng ding thi Present Continuous:‘+ What do you think (believe) will happen? Ban nghi didu gi s8 say ra? (thénng dling "What are you thinking!) hung, * You look serious. What are you thinking about? (=What is gong on in your mind?) Ban tring that nghiém nghi Ban dang ngtf diéu et vay? (ow gt didn ra rong tam trt ban vay?) © Pm thinking of giving up my job. 1 am considering) Toiddang ngiif toi chuyén thoi vis (= Toi dang xem xe) Khilave o6 aghia si hie @rassess),.v-v...ta chéng sing vei thi continous (zem UNIT 17) We're enjoying our holiday. We have a nice room in the hotel. (nat ‘we're having’) (Chning t8i hai long voi Igy nghi cis ching t8i, Chning 16: o6 mét phing t8t &khéch san ) hung, © We're enjoying our holiday. We're having a great time. Ching téi hai ling véi ky nghi cha ching t6i, Ching tdi dang of mbt khodng thoi gian hanh phic B seo, near, smo taste Tathuing ding ti present simple (king ding continous) wi niiting dong th due day «Do yon see that man aver there’? (not ‘are you seeing!) Bon cé nhin thiy agudi dn éng dng kis khéng? + This room smells. Let's open a window. Phong nay co mn, Tami cia si radi Ching ta thtg cling can+see/hear/smelitaste: + Liston! Can you hear something? Chi #! Ban c6 nghe thay gi khdng? Nhung ben e¢ shé ding tli continuous vi see ('m seeing) mang ¥ ngtfa “having a meeting with” (gdp mat, gdp g8) dc biét @ thi trong las em UNIT 19A) + P'm seeing the manager tomorow morning. Sang mai ti sé gap ngubi quan? \ © ite issotish rte is boing stich ‘Dong tire chia & thi present continuaus 12 1 am being/Hie is being, You are being vv. + I'm being = 77m behaving /T.am acting. So sanh céc c@u saw + [can’t understand why ho’s heing so selfish. He isn’t usually like that. Thi khang higu tai sao gi anh ta Iai t6 ra ich I} nh vay. Binh thedng anh ay dau cf nin vay da (Being selfish = behaving selihsiy at the moment = hark vi ich by tat thas diém ad) ning «He never thinks about other people. He is very selfish. Anh ta khéng bao git’ nghi dén nguti khéc 8, An ta rdt ich le. (Noi chung la tink anh ta ich ky, Khang chi riéng wie lic ndo ea) Ching ta ding amvisfare being dé nfi hinh vi cha nguéi khdo nh thé nao, vi khdng thydng duoc ding trong nhing trbng hop Ichéc, ching han abu «It’s hot today. Hom nay trii ning (chéng dung itis being hot) © Sarah is very tired. Sarah rét mét (Khang dung 'Sarah is being tired!) D oct va roo Ban o6 thé ding thi present simple hey continous thi dién t& ding vé hay clin gidc ciie gui ndo dé véo thei digm nsi ‘+ You look well today. zy You're looking well today. Hom nay tréng ban lie dy ‘+ How do you feel now? hay Haw are you fooling naw? Bay git ban cm thay thé nao? hung © Lusually fee! tired in the morning. 3g. (nat i'm usvally feeling’)\ Ls A semtti ty san ‘Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian musician and composer. He lived from 1756 to 1791. He started composing at the age of five and wrote more than 600 pieces of music. He was only 35 years old when he died. Wolfgang Amadeus Mosari la mét nhac stvi nha soan nhac nguci €o. Ong sing tit min 1750 din ndm 1791 Ong bit déu soan nhac hic niin tudt vi att vt hon 600 baa nhac Ong chét kit Ong chi mon 55 tudt Lived/Started/wrote/wasidied dé &’thi past simple, B riongti ding thi past simple ta cing bing ed (déag hcé uitdc — regular vers) «© Lwork ina travel agency now. Before that I worked ina shop. Thi hia gitrlang lim & mét van phing da lich Trad’ dy tila viéc & mot ca higu © We invite thom to our party but they decided not to come. Ching tii dé mai ho dir tige wei ching ti nhine ho aa quyét inh khéing én © The police stopped me on my way home last night. + She passed her examination because she studied very hard. ‘Nhung c6 nhidu dng tr bat qui te Grregudar) Hhi thi past simple khdng tn cing bing -ed Vi du: write — wrote ‘Mozart wrote more than G00 pieces of music. see — saw ‘We saw Rose in town afew days ago. go —went I went to cinema three times last week. shut — shut It was cold, so I shut the window. em bing Let ké cae dng itr b&& qui ic © trong cae cau nghi vin va céo Qu phi dinh ching ta cong ald/ldn't + dyfndive (enjoy/see’go...) Tenjoyed Did you enjoy? I didn’ enjoy She sew Did she see? She didn't see They went Did they go? They didn't 20 «A: Did you go out last night? * B: Yes, I went to the cinema but I didn’t enjoy the film much. « “When did Mr. Thomas die?” “About ten years ago.” © They didn’t invite her to party, so he didn’t go. ‘© “Did you have time to waite the letter?” “No, I didn’Cn than Ubi do 18 dng ti chinh trong céu + What did you do at the weekend? (hing nti ‘vhat did you at tho woekoad’) + [didn’t do anything. (khéng néi T didat do anything’) D cust cite he (ant ih cre) a was/ were Vhelsheft © wasAvasn’t was Vaelshesit? wolyouthey were/weren't were welyouithey? hi ch rng ta khéng ding did trong cu nghi wan vé phi dinh véi wasAwere «+f was angry because they were late. |. + Was the weather good when you on holiday? J) + They weren't abe to come hecause they were so busy, or were you too Tru fr A itzy semi ty san ‘Yesterday Karen and Jim played tennis. They began at 10 o’clock and finished at 11.30. So, at 10.30 they were playing tonnis. Hém qua Karen va Jim choi quan vet. Ho di bait du choi lie 10h va kat thie hic 11830. ‘Vay lic 10.230 ho dang choi qudn vet “They were playing ="Hy clang & gira cude choi lic dé valho cha két thie cude chi.” ‘Was/were -ing 1a thi past continuous (qué kur tiép din) slaying Vhelsheft was doing vwelyoulthey were working B ching ta ding thi past continuous dé in té mit rgb nao es Gang th hign mot cing vige di dang tai thii diém uve dé c&p Hanh ddnghay sv vige d4 xay ra bud thei dig \ nay ahung chia kés tho © This time last year Iwas living in Brazil. 4 ‘Véo thai diém nay ném ngoai tdi deng sing & Brazil«+ fthat were you doing at 10 o'clock lastnight? * Twaved to her but she wasn’t ooking. © so sich thi past continuous — qu tht tép dfn (was doing) va past simple — qua hi don (I did) Past continuous (Gang & gta han déng) «Iwas walking home when I meet Dave. 6 gta durbng di v3 nhe ti g&p Dave) + Ann was watching television when the phone rang. Ann dang xem TY khi dién theai reng Past simple (hoda tét hah dng) + Iwalked home after the party last night. i da div nhs, hodn «Ann watched television a lot when she was ill last year. Ann di scem TV rt nhigu kh: 6 4y bah nim ngoai D re tinting aang thi past simple v4 past continuous cing v6i han a8 dfn ta mot vio iy ra vie hic dang xy ra mét sv viéc khéc: + Tom burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. [saw you in the park yesterday. You were sitting on the grass and reading a hook. © While I was working in the garden, I hurt my back. Nhning ching ta hing thi past simple khi mit su més say ra sau mat sy wee Khar © [was walking along the road when I saw Dave. So I stopped and we had a chat. Khidang di tréa duvong th ti gdp Dave. Tei da tingle va ching t6i cing ro chuyen, Hay so sénb hai cau sau dé thay 10 su khac biet vé 9 ugha + When Karen arrived, we were having dinner. Khi Karen 16%, chring ti deng dn 18, (= Ching 101 di dn 15: ruic Kh Karen 16%.) ‘+ When Karon arrived, we had dinner. Khi Karen 16%, ching t8i in ti = Karon toi trade réi cau & chving tot dn 81) E comot sé ting ty ot dans now! want! helieve) kndagctoc ding @ cc thi coniimanus (xem UNIT 40, dé bids thém chi és) © We were good friends. We knew each other well. (not ‘we vere knowing) Ching ta 1a nhting aguéi ban t6t, Chning t6i hida 16 vé nhau. + Iwas onjoying the party hut Chris wanted to go home. (not ‘var wanting’) ‘Tet da rét thich budi née hung Chris raudin vé aba. ed eee iaceoy+ Tomis looking for his key, He cant find it. Tom dang tim chiée chia khéa. Anh dy Khong tim thy né. + He has lost his key. Anh a3 lim mat chibe chia théa ctta anh dy “He has lost his key” = Arh dy lam mit chiéc chia khéa va dén bay gir vd chnva tim Have/ has lost la thi Present perfect simple ‘Thi Present perfect simple = Haveihas + past participle (qua tnt phan tw) thong tan cing bang -ed (finished/dicided...) aimmg nhiéu dong ty quan trong lai la bat qui td — irregular (ost’done/een/written. B tchiching ta ding tt present perfect th hu ini c6 mét oy én ht hint Hh déng (ay rao qua ir nung ft ou ote no La i ti: | + “Where's your key?” “I don’t know. I've lostit.” (havent gotit now). © 6 He told me his name but I've forgotten it, ( canltremember it now) © “Is Sally here?" “No, she's gone out.” (she is out now). Ching ta thiime ding thi present perfect dé diva ra mét thing tin métihay cling bi mt su wiée vwita say ra! © Ow! I've cut my finger. ‘© The rvadis closed. There's been (=but has been) an accident, © (from the news) The police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery. Can sat via bit ha ngut fin quan dén mot wa cup. © bance Just =“a short tine ago” (rina mda xy ra irwie a) fd ding thi present perfect simple véi just, already v8 yet + “Would you like something to eat?” “No, thanks. I’ve just had lunch.” + Hello, Have you just arrived? Xin chao. Anh vita moi dén phai khong Ching ta dhing already dé nSivé mot sy viée xy ra sém hon derdaan (aén xem Unit 1100) ‘Don’t forget to post the letter, will you?” “I've already posted it.” "Ding quén gti thu nhe, ban sé gti chi?” "T6i vba moi gti thu rit § © “What time is Mark leaving?” “He's already gone."Yet=“untl ow — cho dé dey gid? va dik 14 ngubi abi mong cht sw vigc nao G6 By re, Chi dong yet tong céu nahi vin va phi dinh, (xem UNIT 1100), «Has it stopped raining yet? + Pve written the letter but I haven’t posted it yet. ‘Tei vidt xong 15 thy nhung toi cha kip gi D> chay srkhée nhau pita gone to va been to 1 is there now or on his way there} Anh dy hign gie dang é dé hay dang a + Jimis on holiday. He has gone to Spain. Jim dang di nghi. Anh 4y 48 di Téy Ban Nha tren ding) + Jone is back home from holiday now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now comeback from italy) | jane nizn git da dinghi v8. Co dy dae ¥. (=C0 dy a vé te Hh Yen thé UNIT 8 vi 1250 (iter) A iy sem thoai duei day. Dave: Have you travelled a lot, Jane? Ban cé di du lich mbidu khong, Jane? Jane: Yes, I've been to a lot ofa places. Dave: Really? Have you ever been to China? That u? Thé ban di ting dén Trung Qudc chun? Yes, I've been to China twice. What about India? : No, I've heen to India. Kihi ching ta dé cp téi mét khoang thbl gian lién tuo ty qué ki dn hin tai, ching ta ding thi present perfect (have beew have travelled ...) G day Deve va Jone dang n6i vvé obting noi ma Jane d& dén trong cuds di c6 Ay (A khong thbi gien kéo dai dén hién tai) * Have you ever eaten caviar? (in your if?) | ean cotan ai an mon tre ca mu chive? BD. we've never nada car. e Ching téi chua bao git’ cé duot mét chiéc xe hoi+ “Have you read Hamlet?” “No, Ihaven’t read any of Shakespeare’ play: "Ban dé doc Hamlet chva?" "Chu, i6i chita doc tac phim nao cia Shakespear c3." Susan really loves that film. She's seen it eight times! Susan that sw thich cuén phimd6. Co 4y da xem cuén phim do tara Ldn! © Whata boring film! It’s the most boring film I've ever seen. Cuén phim méi chén lm sao! Bé 18 mét cuSn phim 4@ nbét ma t6i ting som. Trong abting vi dy san navi diéa dat dang néi wé khoang thoi gian ma lén tuo dén bay gid (recently ‘in the last fow days / so far / since breakfast vv...) + Have you heard from George recentiy? Gin day ban c6 due tin at vé George khong? + P’ve met alot ofpeople in the last few days. Toi da gp nhidu ngubi trong nhting ngdy gin day. «Everything is going well. We haven’t had any problems so far. Moi chuyén déu titdep. Lau nay ching ti kheng gp phién phic ei © Pmiungry. | haven’t eaten anything since breakfast, (= irom breakfast until now) Minh bird, TW séag ti eit minh chura an a c& + It's nice to see you again. We haven't seen each other fora long time. ‘That 1 vai duve gdp lei ben, Rat léu rdi ching ta king giip nhow B. cing te ding tt present perfect véi today’ this morning/ this evening. ki xking Ikho‘ing thoi gian nay cinta et thi wan thot diém nel Geem UNIT 148} « Pve dirunic four eups of coffee toxay. (perhaps Jil drink more before today finished) Hem nay t6i da ufing bén ly c& phé (co thd sot con udeg shém nite tric kit hd neay han nay) «Have you hada holiday this year (yet)? Mam nay ban 43 nghi phép cha? «© Thaven’t seen Tom this morning. Have you? Sang nay ti khing gp Tom, Ban c6 gép khing? + Ron hasn't worked very hard this tem, Roa hoe chong char tn trong lage kp nay. Cy cia yt chung a gai ding present perfect hi ns “T's the rst time somshing has happened?” (B6 V3 Vin du tin mot su wdc ado dé a4 wey x2), Vide ahr «Don is having a driving lesson. He is very nervous and unsure hecause it is the fst lesson. Den dang 06 bai loc lwo, Arh dp ri hd hp va lo Ming béi vidéy la bai hee iu énIt's the first time he has driven a ear. (not “artve”) ‘Day a Kin ch tien anh Ay 14 set ci eh hoe + He has never driven a ear before. Toric git anh ay chu ban gi Iai xe. «Linda has lost her pastport again. It's the second time this has happened. (not “haypen") Linc Ii lia sat hg chia. Day a ln tnt has dp ra chuyén ny. «This is a lovely meal. It’s the frst good meal I've had for ages. (not “J have") Thatla mot hte an ngon, Pay 18 hte an neon dn tien ca thi wrong nie nan «Bill is phoning his girlfiend again, That's the third time he's phoned her this evening | Blsidane ai into cho oO ban a a anh. Léa thi buen fy ele cho TT Greene ees Is itraining? No, but the ground is wet. Ithas been raining, Tres men viea mua ong. Haveshas been ~ing 18 thi present perfect continuous Vereltheyfyon een doing Verelther/son been waiting Vweithey/yon been playing ete. helshelit has (he's ect) doing, heishelit has (=he's ect.) waiting hieishelit’ has (he's ect.) playing ets Ta ding thi present perfect continuous khi adi vé nhiing hanh ding 44 két tic eén day hay mot viva ket thic va két qua cha no co sv lien hé hay anh huéng t6i hia tai A. + You're out to breath, Have yon been running? (you are cut of breath now) | Ban trong met dut hoi. Ban vire moi chay phai khong? (hién eit’ anh dy nhur chit hot)+ Paul is very tired. He’s been working very hard. (he's tired now) Paul rét mét. Anh éy vita miilam vigc rét cing. (bay git’ aah dy dang met ‘+ Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you heen doing? Sao quén éo ban bén thé Ban vita me lam oi vay? + I've been talking to Carol about the problem and she thinks that .. Minka vite mai d8 cap é cia Carol va 08 dy ng la B icnaseen raining for wo hours, cert da sau Itis raining now. It began raining two hours ago and itis still raining. Tre dang mua Trek dd mua duoc hai gid réi va bay gid con dang mea. How long has it heen raining? Teas been raining for two hours. rei dt meu dupe hai tiéng ig hd Chung ta ding thi present perfect contiuous cho nhtne trutng hop nay, dac biét la dang voi \_ now tong, for .. va since... Hanh déng 2 van dang xay re (nav vi du tren) hay vite mei chém I dur. + How long have you been learning English? (you're still leaning Enghs) Ban da hoc tiéng Anh duoc bao Iéur8i? (ban via dang cdn hoe tiéng Anh) + Timis watching television, He las been watching television for two hours. Tian dang zemn TV. Anh dy 2 xem TV due hat giv rh + Where have you been? I have been looking for yau for the last half hour. ‘Anh da # dan vay? Tai da tim arh nia tiéng dng hé rd, + Gorge hasn't hoon footing well recently. Gcorge vita mii cama théy khde edn dey. Cling ta c6 th8 ding thi present perfect contimuons a6 chi akitng hen Géng lip 4 Lip lat trong Ot khoang ibd gian + Debbie is a very good player tomnis. She’s hoon playing since she was eight. Debbis a mét vin dng vién qua vot rét gid. C5 dy 8 choi qaén vot ti khilén tam. + Every moming they meet in the same café, They've heen going there for years. Mi sang ho lat 34p ahau & cling mét qain o3 phd. Ho da dén quan dé nhieu nm ri © so inh iam al (sera UNIT 1) va | have boon doing + Don’t distur me now. I am working. ‘Ding andy ray tii bay eid, TH dang Jam wee © ['ve been working hard, so now I'm going to have a rest. Téid lam viée ahigu séi nén bay gi’ t6i ci nghi © We need an umbrella. It's raining. Chung tei cén mot cay di. Troi dang mua + The ground is wet. It's been raining. Mat dét con wét. Troi d mara, Hurry up ! We're waitin, MeesA sepien cn tn sa: Ann's dlothes are covored in paint. She has boon painting the ceiling, (Quan 4o cita Ann dinh ton son Cé ay dang som tran nha The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. She lias painted the ceiling. Trdn nha tnnéc day mau ting, Bay gtr né mau xenh, Co ay d3 som wrén nha + Has been painting 18 thi present perfect continuous (ih bin igi hod think dp Gi day ching ta quan tim dén hank d'éng ma khéng quan tém dén hénh déng da hodn tét hay cha, Ovi du trén, hinh déng son trting cha lt thie. «Has painted 1a thi present perfect simple (thi hidn tai hosin thank): G thi nay, diéa quan trong lé swrhodn thank cita hanh déng Has painted la mét hank déng d% hodn tat Ching ta quan tam én két qud cf anh déng cht khing pha ban than han ddng 4 So sath cfc wi du san: «| My hands are very dirty. I've been repairing the ear. Tay tGirét bén, Téi dang sta xe. «The caris OK again. I've repairediit. Chiée xe sit lai tot ri, Toi da sika no. + She's boon smoking too much recently. She should smoke less. Gin day 06 ay kn thude qua akiéu Cé ay néa bitte + Somebody hias smoked all my cigarettes. The packet is empty. Aida da hut hét thuéc cia toi Gobi thude wong rong rd + It'snice to meet you again, What lave you been doing since we last met? Rétnsing gép lei ban. Dan dé lim git khi ching te gp nhou lén sau cing? + Where's the book I gave you? What have you done with it? Cudn sach ti a tng ban clin rfi? Ban di lam gi wind? + Where have you heen? Have you been playing tennis? Banda & can vay? Ban da choi quan wot phai khene? Have you ever played tennis? Ban da ting choi quan vot cha?+ Ching ta cing thi continuous 4 héi hay n6i how long — bao lu (cho hank déng vén con ang nay sa) «How long have you been reading that book? Ban d& doc cuin séch do cue bao tan efi? + Mary is stil writing letters. She's boon writing lotters all day. Mary wan dang cin wit thy. Ca ay d& mét thw c& ngay him nay « They've heen playing tenls since 2 o'clock. Ho di choi quin vot tir hic 2 gi 4+ Ching ta ding thi simple dé hi hay néi how much, how many hay how many times (cha rhiing harh ding 4’ ket thie) + How many pages of that book have you real? Ban d& dos dvge bao ahiu trang oa cuén séch rfl? © Mary has written ten letters today. Hom nay Mary d viét duoc mati ks the. «= They've played tennis three times this week. Ho da chot quan vot ha lén trong tun nay, D Mor sé cong wr (of dy nhy knowiike*believe) Khong duge dang vi ta continous + [’'ve known about it fora long time. (nat “Ive been knowing") Tai da duoc biét vé diéu do lau r8i, ? Xem UNIT 4A dé biét bang let ké cic déng ti na REM aes eeA ers tu sau Bob and Alice are married. They got married exactly 20 years ago, so today is the 20th wedding anniversary. They have been married for 20 years. Bob wi ditce 2 thamh him. Ho cinét mhass ding 20 ndm v8 truce, vi dy hom nay lt gity BY mifm thet 20 ngy cuets tia ho, Ho dl ewét nas dteve 20 ndim rB They are mamied (present) Ho 42 cist hung How long have they heen married? (present perfect) Ho dt owt dupe duexe bao lau rd? (héng néi “Haw fong are they married") ‘They have been married for 20 years. Ho dt cut diage 20 rein réi (chong n6i “They are married for 20 years Ching ta ding thi present perfect 45 néi vi nhting su viée bit dau trong qué kh va cin tép | dn dn tien tai, Hay so sérh hai thi present va present perfect qua cée vi du saw (+ Amy is in hospital | amy dang & wong benh vien, shong, « She has been in hospital since Monday. (nat ‘Amy is in hospital since Monday") Co 4y da nde vien ti tha hai «We mow each other very well. Ching tai biét r6 v8 nhen. hung, ‘+ We have known each other for a long time. (nat ‘we Imow") Ching tid biét hau kha La edi «Are you waiting for somebody? Ban dang chi’ ai phai khng? hong «How long have you been waiting? Ben d2 che duoc bao lau fi? (BB rhave neon doing something (present perfect continous) ~Toi dk im vigc gi (| do trong qua khwr va ti vn dang con lam tiép (hey vive mei ngung xong) + Pro heen learning English for a long time (not "Im learning!) ‘Tei d@ hoe siéng Anh Lau r6i + Sorry I'm hate, Have you been waiting long? ‘Kin I thicdén sé, Baan 1 chit fi au chara? + It’s been raining since 1 got up this morning. ‘Tri da rma ty hic thi thite day sane nay Hanh dong 06 ip i lip lai © "How long have you been driving?" "Since I was 17.’ "Ban d@ lai xe duoc bao lau ri?” "TW khi 17 radi© nave dono (simple hay I havo boon doing (continuous): Thi continzous thurdng dust ding véi how long, since va for (sem UNIT 108) + P've been learning English for a long time. (i ing "I've leamt") Ban o6 thé ding c& hai thi present va continuous véi déng tr live (s6ng) va work (lam viéc): «John has been living/ has lived in London for a long time. John a2 sting @ Luan Féin laa efi © How long itave you been working/ have you worked here? Banda lam vige day bao lau r8i? Nhung ching ta chi cing thi simple véi always © John has always lived in London. (not “has alvrays been iving) Joba hnén sing & Lua Bén, Ban c6 thé ding thi continuous hay simple cho nhiing hah cng kip oi a lai trong mit khang, tht etan dat © I've deen collecting / I've collected stamps since I was a child, (2 Toi sua tap tem sr Ki ti con nh, Mit sé déng ti nhu knowlike/believe khing duc diing & thi continuous: «How long have you known Jane? (khang not "have you been knowing") Ban dé tiét Jane bao laa réi? + P've had a pain in my stomach since I got up this morning. ‘Tai bi dan bung ti hic ngi day sang nay ‘bé bidt them bang céc dong br lai nay xem UNIT 4A, Dé tiét 16 hon vé Have xem UNIT 17 D> ching cing th present perfectsimpte tong cu phictinh stu sau « [haven't seen Tom since Monday. ‘Toibhing gép Tom ti thi ha. (= ngay thi hai vir réi la laa cudi ti gp Tom. «Jane hasn't phoned me for two weeks. |, sane iehéng goi dién thoai cho ti hai tuda nay. tudo) Mie ee eae in cui c6 dy gol dién cho 163 céch Gay heiA nay so sain When. (+ past sieple) vi How long? (‘present perfec) ‘When did it start raining? ‘Tei mma ti hi nan way? It started raining an hour ago / at 1 o'clock. ‘Troi bét dau mua cach day mot git / tic | gio. How long has it been raining? Troi d2 mva lau cha? It’s been raining for an hour / since 1 o’clock. Troi dd mua duge 1 gid 10i/ tit hic | git: ‘When did Joe and Carol first meet? Joe va Carol da gap hau lin dau tién ki nao way? They first met a long time ago / when they wore at school. Ho da gp nhau lin du tién 44 lan si / ki ho cn di hoc. How long have Joe and Carol known each other? Joe wa Carol hit sha ban Tau rf? They've known each other for a long time / since they were at school. \ Ho da biét neu ty lu rit khi ho con dithoc. ¢ B ra ding of ror vi since dé airing mét su vige xy ra trong bao lau Ching ta ding for kai ndi vé mit khoang tht glan (ahu two hours, six weeks...) + Pe hoon waiting for two hours. Téi da chir hai tiéng dng hé rai © Sally's been working here for six months. (Ehég not “since six months") Sally da lam viec & day doe 6 thang, Ching ta ding since khi dé cp t6i sw bat dau cia mét Ichodng thdi glen nao dé (ahw’8 0? clock, Monday, 1988...) » I've been waiting since 8 o'clock. Toi da chi 10H 8 ait © Sally's been working here since April, Sally d& lam vie 6'day ty thang te (= from Apri until now) Cling c@ thé ding for trong cu king inh (ring trong cau phi dink thi bit bud) |. * They've been maried (fr) ten years. (ding for hay knéng cong dvoe) Heda cut nen curve 10 natn © They haven't had holiday for ten years. (ban phii ding for trang cu nay),Ho da cha nahi phép fda ado muti nim qua “Te khong dang for + all (all day, all my life...) + I've lived here all mny life. (Uhdng ndi “for all my life") Téid& sing & day c8 dds ti © tensiste’s (long time tro yeas.) since something heppensc” + It’s two years since I last saw Joe. (= I haven‘: scon for two year Joe hai nim réi/ Lin cudi ciang 181 gip Joe cach day a3 hai nin) ‘Bi hai nim t khi t6i gp Joe [da cusi 181 da Khéng gdp + Ivsages since we wentto cinema, (= We haven't been to cineme for eges = chung tot aa Khong ds xem phim ninbu nam rd) ‘Dé nhidu natn ching vi khong di xen phir ‘Thé nghi van la: How long is it since...? + How long is it since you last saw Joe ? (= When did you lest see Joe? = Ban da gap | Joe dan cud kat nao?) Ba tan tau 16 oy kh ban gap Joe Lda cud: 2 © How long is it since Mrs Hill die? (= When did Mrs Hil die? 2 Cie Ba Hill d@ mat ném meena A xem sore sa © Tomis looking for his key. He can't find it. Tom dang tim kiém chia Rhéa cis mink, Ank + He has lost his key. (i present perfect) Anh dy da lam mat chia khea esta anh dy ‘Didu nay co noha 12 anh dy bien gtr khong co chia kb. Mardi phit sande © Now Tom tias found Is key. He has it now. Bity gid Tom a tim diaze chia khéa réi. Hién ank dy dang cd chia khéa + Has he losthis key? (present perfeci) Ank dy bi mat chia Whiba rd + No, he hasn’t. He has found it. Khang, anh dy khéng lim mat. Anh dy a8 tim rand + Didhe lose his key? (past simple) Anh dy da mat chia Khoa phéi khong? + Yes, he did, Vang anh dy dé lam mdi chia Kida. + He lost his key (past simple) but now he has found it (present perfect). Ank dy da lam mat chia Khéa nlueng béy gid anh dy a2 tim ra Thi present perfect Wa thi hién tai hodn thénh va Ind cho ching ta biét di2u gi dé vi hin tai “Tom has lost his key” =hién aii’ anh ay khéng c6 chiéc chia khéa cia anh ay. rem UNIT 7). Cin th past simple cho ching ta biét v8 qué kh‘. Néu co ai d6 ni ring “Tom lost his key” Pp suing ts Hida tit by gre &y 8m due ns hay chav, Ching ta ch bit eh fy 8 |) chia Khéa vio mét thi diém nao dé trong qua av.‘ema théma hai vi dy eau: # Jack grew a heard but now he has shaved it off. (© he doesnithave a heard now) Jack d dé rau nhuing bay giv anh Ay 6% can hét. (= hay git anh Ay khéing cé rau) + They went out after lunch and they've just come back, (= they are come back now). Sau bita trva bo da di ra ben ngoai va bay gobo via quay vé B ttipresent perfect ining duve ding nén king c6 sw én he wi ign ta (ching han shiing su vige dA xay ra mét thi gian dai wade day). + The Chinese invented printing. (Hiding és "have invented!) Nagudi Trung Quéc a phat minh ra vigo in én. + How many plays did Shakespeare write? (hang ci "has Shakespeare written") Shakespeare d soan dure bao nhiéu wi kich? + Beethoven was a great composer. (nat ‘hes been!) Beethoven da la mét nh soan nhac wi dai Kay so sae, © Shakespeare wrote many plays. Shakespeare di viét ahidu vi hich. + My sister is a write. Sho has writvon many books. (che stil writes bocks) Chi 16118 mit nha vn, Chi dy 8 wie: abiéu cndin sach. (hign git’ chi vn con wét sch) Ching ta ding thi present perfect dé dura ra ning théng tin méti (zem UNIT 7). Nhung néu chiing ta tiép tuc néi vé diéu dé, ching ta ding thi past simple. + A: Ow! I've bunt myself. Ci! Tei bi phing ri B: How did you do that? (kadng act ‘have you done") Bandi bindy thé aéo? A: Tpickcod up a hot dish. (théag adi "have picked) Tl da nhac phil mbt c4i dla néng + A: Look! Somebody has split milk on the carpet. Whin Hel Cé aids d3 lam d5 oa tréa thie. B: Well, it wasn’tme. I didn’t do it. (khdng n6¥ "hasn't been. haven't dors O, Kang phat 51 Tei khéing lam chupén 6 | Ai Lwonder wt sewas then. @iatne not "Who t ras been" “Vay thai kam abi Jc ceeAy ctring ta eaing ding ua present perfect (I have done) ki ni v2 m0t th did d bet thuc (chdag han Yesterday, ten minutes ago, in 1985, When 1 was a child), ma khi do ching ta phai ding thi qua kh (past tense) + The weather was nive yesterday. (Reng néi “have been nice”) Hom qua this tét dep. + Thoy amived ton minutes ago. (khdng néi Ho 63 dén ani phot innée do. “have arrived”) + Late a lot of sweets when I was a child, (khang nét “have eaten) “Toi da an nhiéu keo kei toi con la mot diva tre + A; Did you see the new on television last night? (thang adi “lave you seen”) Ban c6 xem tin tic trén tray hinh tdi qua khong? + B: No, I wont to bed early. (Bhdzg ndt “have gone”) Khéag thi qua tid ci ngi som. Ching ta ding thi qua knw (past tense) dé hei vé thét gian When... hay What time’. \.. when aia they amive? (khang di “have they arrived”) {Ho dadén thi ado vay? What time did you finish work? Banda hoda thizh céng vic lie méy giv? Hay 0 cath: Present perfect © Tom ttas lost his key. He can’t get into the house. Tom dé lim mat chia Khoa. Ank dy Khong thé veo aha Cday ching ta khéng nghi v8 hanh déng ma nghif tei két qua hién tai cis hanh déng ds ign ai Tom Khéing cb chia khéa véo nha Past simple: © Tom lost his key yesterday. He couldn't get into the house. Hom qua Tom ai lam mit chia khoa Anh dy da khéng vio nba diese Oday ching ta néi vé hénh déng xay ra trong qua kh, ma khong quan tam toi viéc hiéa git Tom c6 chia Khoa hay cha, B se sik ni hw gs tht (resent eet pt ste) auch “+ Pesempetc 0 ne) + Pveome at: for toa. eg ing presen pot ep vet Hota om enone 9 a eta Yor Tommy, as ek, sine 1858, Pats) + it ak este. Heer quardalan aes (hg og ape pet i ip tn dm de ng Vd yestrdny, et wee a 98521991, * Tubse aver Pees