4th Annual

River Basin Organisations (RBO)

Workshop

Gaborone International Conference Centre

Gaborone, Botswana
20 - 21 April 2010

Workshop Report

Final Report – 24 May 2010

Acknowledgements

Hosted by

SADC
Water Division
Infrastructure and Services Directorate
http://www.sadc.int/is

Supported By
The 4th Annual
ual workshop for strengthening River Basin Organisations was supported by the German
Government (through German Development Cooperation, GTZ, and InWent), the United
Kingdom Government (through the Department for International Development, DfID DfID), and the United
States Government (through the United States Agency for International Development, USAID).
USAID

Events Management By
RMC Marketing
Unit 6, Plot 99,
Gaborone International Commerce Park
P O Box 30918, Tlokweng
Botswana
Tel: +267 3160505/ 3918441
Fax: +267 3160504
Email: rmcmarketing@info.bw
Facilitated by
Tim Hart
SRK Consulting
265 Oxford Road, Illovo Johannesburg
PO Box 55291, Northlands
South Africa
Tel: +27 11 441 6248
Fax: +27 086 555 0865
Email: thart@srk.co.za
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................ i
Preface ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Session 1: Opening Session ........................................................................................................................ 2
Introduction to the workshop ..................................................................................................................... 2
Opening Remarks: Deputy Executive Secretary, SADC Secretariat ........................................................ 2
Opening Remarks: ICP Coordinator, Germany (German Technical Coorperation) ................................. 2
Official Opening: Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism, Botswana... 2
Official launch of RBO guidelines ............................................................................................................. 3
Opening of exhibition stalls and group photo............................................................................................ 3
Session 2: Conceptualisation ....................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction of facilitator ............................................................................................................................ 4
Introduction of delegates........................................................................................................................... 4
Presentations and discussion ................................................................................................................... 4
Wrap up session ....................................................................................................................................... 9
Housekeeping announcements / reception .............................................................................................. 9
Session 3: Deliberations ............................................................................................................................. 10
Reflection on the previous day’s proceedings ........................................................................................ 10
Open dialogue on the politics of benefit sharing ..................................................................................... 10
Introduction to group discussions ........................................................................................................... 11
Session 4: Way Forward ........................................................................................................................... 12
Report back from the group discussions ................................................................................................ 12
SADC synthesis and way forward .......................................................................................................... 14
Closing remarks ...................................................................................................................................... 15
Workshop evaluation and distribution of workshop CD-ROM ................................................................ 15
Annex 1: Workshop Agenda ....................................................................................................................... 16
Annex 2: List of Participants ....................................................................................................................... 18
Annex 3: Summary of Workshop Evaluation .............................................................................................. 28

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Preface
Since 2006, the SADC Secretariat has been holding annual workshops aimed at strengthening River
Basin Organisations (RBOs). This work has been supported by the German Government (through
German Development Cooperation, GTZ, and InWent), the United Kingdom Government (through the
Department for International Development, DfID), and the United States Government (through the United
States Agency for International Development, USAID). The objective of the workshop series is to build
consensus on SADC’s strategic approach to support the efforts of Member States with regard to the
establishment, strengthening and programmatic development of RBOs.
From the start it was agreed that the SADC Secretariat should assist RBOs through the development of
guidelines for strengthening river basin organisations. The first draft guidelines were presented at the 3rd
RBO workshop for validation and consolidation. Four guidelines have been finalized and were launched
at the 4th RBO workshop:

• Guideline on stakeholder participation;

• Guideline on environmental management;
• Guideline on funding and financing;
• Guideline on RBO establishment and development.

A draft guideline on benefit sharing was also presented at last year’s workshop, but it was decided that
further consultations were needed before finalizing the guideline. This led the SADC Secretariat to
th
dedicate the 4 RBO workshop to the topic of benefit sharing.
Against this background, the 4th RBO workshop aimed to develop a common understanding of benefit
sharing in order to inform the development of the SADC guideline.
This report contains the proceedings of the 4th workshop. It presents the objectives of the workshop, an
overview of presentations on the concept and process of benefit sharing in SADC, an overview of benefit
sharing case studies, points raised in an open dialogue on the politics of benefit sharing, and views and
recommendations on aspects of benefit sharing from group discussions. Key themes raised in plenary
discussion over the two days of the workshop are also presented.

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Session 1: Opening Session

Introduction to the workshop

Phera Ramoeli, Senior Program Manager, SADC Water Division, welcomed workshop delegates to Bot-
swana. He noted that the RBO workshops series had started in 2006 with the aim of facilitating RBO es-
tablishment and activities in the SADC region
Mr. Ramoeli introduced the guests for the opening session:
• The Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism,
Botswana, Samuel Rathedi;
• The Deputy Executive Secretary of the SADC Secretariat, Engineer Dr. João Samuel Caholo;
• The ICP Coordinator, Germany (German Technical Cooperation), Dr. Horst Vogel.

Opening Remarks: Deputy Executive Secretary, SADC Secretariat

Engineer Dr. João Samuel Caholo welcomed participants on behalf of SADC. He underlined the key
regional role of RBOs as strategic stakeholders and implementers, and encouraged ongoing RBO
involvement in the planning and implementation of future RBO workshops. He noted that RBOs have a
responsibility to represent the people of their respective international river basins.
Acknowledging the RBO guidelines prepared to date, Dr. Caholo emphasized the importance of a frame-
work for the evaluation of RBOs and their work, and the need to develop suitable indicators which would
serve to reflect their progress and showcase their work. Dr. Caholo thanked the International Cooperating
Partners (ICPs) involved in SADC’s RBO initiatives, welcoming their alignment with the SADC RBO vision
and their efforts to encourage RBO networking at the SADC regional level.

Opening Remarks: ICP Coordinator, Germany (German Technical Cooperation)

In his role as ICP Coordinator, Dr. Horst M. Vogel also welcomed all participants to the RBO workshop.
He introduced the logo and slogan “Water, Rivers, Life” to the conference, noting that they were jointly
developed by SADC and ICPs to capture collaboration and partnership in the context of regional trans-
boundary water. He thanked the SADC Water Division and ICP colleagues for their ongoing cooperation.
Dr. Vogel noted that regional water cooperation must recognise and adapt to changes. New challenges
such as climate change are emerging, and common objectives leading to tangible results will be needed.
He emphasised that cooperative work should seek always to promote practical benefits for the popula-
tions of the international river basins and the people of SADC Member States.
Dr. Vogel remarked that value is assigned differently in different cultures. However, water is the essence
of life, and its value is clear. He called on workshop participants to be open to new ideas and to change.
Against this background, he also urged participants to retain a focus on achieving real results.

Official Opening: Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Wildlife

and Tourism, Botswana
Samuel Rathedi welcomed all workshop participants to Botswana. He noted that water and life are inter-
connected and that natural systems and their human links do not observe transboundary borders. This is
true of floods, groundwater, disease (and disease control), fisheries, agriculture and energy.
With this in mind, Mr. Rathedi argued that the long-term vision for the SADC region should include
regional integration. He noted that this vision had been articulated in water and forestry protocols, and
that these are instruments to achieve solidarity between SADC Member States. Mr. Rathedi underlined

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the importance of RBOs, among other things in the implementation of the SADC Regional Strategic Ac-
tion Plan (RSAP). He underlined Botswana’s commitment to regional Integrated Water Resource
Management (IWRM) as demonstrated through its active participation in the Orange-Senqu, Limpopo,
Zambezi and Okavango River Basin Commissions (ORASECOM, LIMCOM, ZAMCOM and OKACOM).
Mr. Rathedi noted that OKACOM has emerged as a model river basin institution.
RBOs face several challenges, including limited management and personnel capacity, limited resources,
and evolving governance and regulatory structures. Mr. Rathedi suggested that RBOs should work at
addressing these challenges, and that they should seek increasingly to involve Civil Society
Organisations in IWRM through their work. The outcome would be to bring benefits to the people in the
region.
Mr. Rathedi commended the good progress with RBO support facilitated by SADC, noting the importance
of the newly-released guidelines for effective RBO management. He acknowledged ICP support and
recognised the essential involvement of Member States.

Official launch of RBO guidelines

Deputy Executive Secretary Dr. Caholo officially launched the four guidelines for strengthening River
Basin Organisations (RBO) in the SADC region, after a multimedia presentation. Ing. Dr. Caholo high-
lighted the key role of the guidelines as instruments to guide RBOs along a common path. He noted the
importance of common tools in a region which has fifteen international river basins.
He stressed the need for ongoing regional interaction, and urged RBO representatives to implement the
guidelines, “promoting action instead of words”.

Opening of exhibition stalls and group photo

Following the RBO guideline launch, participants were invited to visit SADC, RBOs and ICP exhibition
stalls. A group photograph of participants was taken (see the cover-page of this report).

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Session 2: Conceptualisation

Introduction of facilitator
Phera Ramoeli introduced the facilitator, Tim Hart. Mr. Hart noted that he had facilitated many SADC
water workshops, and that he had undertaken other assignments for the SADC Water Division.
Mr Hart introduced the overall objective of the workshop (see the Preface, above) and the specific
objectives. The latter are to:
• Update participants on the progress made by SADC with the implementation of activities
proposed at the 3rd RBO workshop;
• Share best practices related to the implementation of benefit sharing arrangements in the
region and beyond;
• Consult RBO and Member State representatives on the development of the SADC guideline
on benefit sharing.
Mr Hart also guided delegates through the workshop agenda (see Annex 1). He urged the participation of
all delegates, inviting them to use the language of their choice. He noted that the achievement of the
workshop objectives would require frank and open discussion.

Introduction of delegates
The facilitator asked groups of delegates to introduce themselves, starting with the Member States.
Annex 2 contains a full list of workshop participants.

Presentations and Discussion

Seven presentations were made during Session 2. The first two served to introduce the concept of benefit
sharing and to explore benefit sharing and transboundary water management in the SADC region,
respectively. Thereafter, five case studies addressed aspects of benefit sharing in selected African
international river basins (Orange-Senqu, Incomati, Zambezi, Okavango and Nile). Each of the seven
presentations was followed by an open plenary discussion. An overview of the presentations and the
discussion follows.

Presentation Title: Introduction to Benefit Sharing – Theories and Concepts1

Presenter: Mr. Dr. David Phillips
Key points from the presentation:
• Africa’s shared river basins contain 61% of the area, 77% of the people and 93% of the water.
• Most of Africa relies on transboundary fresh water resources. These underpin development
and growth.
• In 2002 World Bank staff introduced the concept of “benefit sharing” as an answer to the ongo-
ing struggle of riparian states to reach agreements based on volumetric allocations.
• More recent work on benefit sharing has: (1) challenged the view that fresh water resources are
finite; (2) characterised benefits more fully, and: (3) reconsidered the manner in which water

1
A SADC concept paper on “Benefit Sharing in the context of Transboundary Water Resources Management and
Development” was made available to workshop delegates prior to the workshop.

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 resources are best used (for example Morocco, where virtual water from imported crops saves
water resources and “makes the pie bigger”).
• Sadoff and Grey (2002) introduced four categories of potential benefit sharing: (1) increasing
benefits to the river, (2) increasing benefits from the river, (3) reducing costs because of the
river, (4) increasing benefits beyond the river.
• The worldwide development of benefit sharing is ongoing, and the SADC region could play sig-
nificant role in sharpening the concept in its implementation, and in pursuing negotiations to
reach positive sum-outcomes benefiting all riparian states.

Plenary Discussion:
The following overarching points emerged from plenary discussion following the presentation:
• The concept of benefit sharing is relevant and valuable in the SADC region, but it implementation
at basin level will require more work. Every basin is different and each requires specific tools.
• The possibility of creating more water through the appropriate mobilisation of a “basket” of bene-
fits is very attractive in the context of water scarce basins and countries in Southern Africa.
• The example of water management in the Jordan basin was discussed. It was noted that power-
ful geopolitical forces are at play here, but that benefit sharing has the potential to open a spread
of negotiation options.

Presentation Title Benefit Sharing, Transboundary Water Management and Developments in SADC
Presenter: Mr. Dr. Kenneth Msibi
Key points from the presentation:
• The SADC region has good examples of benefit sharing planning and implementation. This can
be attributed to the enabling environment in which RBOs have been established, basin studies
have been undertaken, negotiations have been initiated and agreements have (in some cases)
been signed.
• Discussions around the allocation of “existing water” can be directed toward consideration of
“more water”. Among other means, this could be achieved by joint initiatives around water
demand management, water storage projects, waste-water recycling, desalination, and
intra-/inter-basin transfer.
• The concept of virtual water is important in considerations of benefit sharing. For example Bot-
swana saves huge amounts of water by importing sugar (one kg of sugar in Botswana would
need 1.200 litres water to produce).
• Basin states pursuing benefit sharing must ask the question “what is in for me?”, but must then
work with other states to ensure that the approach achieves regional integration, peace and
stability.
• In general, the benefit sharing process can be seen to have five steps:
o Establishing an enabling environment with basin-wide cooperation;
o Using basin studies to understand the basin and its opportunities;
o Securing agreement on a benefit sharing approach through negotiations;
o Implementing agreed joint projects guided by a basin strategy / plan;
o Optimising the basket of benefits for the good of all watercourse states.

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Plenary Discussion:
Key themes from the plenary discussion were the following:
• The envisaged benefit sharing process is potentially very political and it involves economic
sectors other than water. This will require the appropriate involvement of politicians and other
stakeholders in RBO activities.
• Discussion of benefit sharing should build on the entire water cycle, considering blue, green,
grey and virtual water
• Cost-sharing arrangements will require attention, as questions arise regarding how costs
should be split, especially with big infrastructure projects such as Great Inga or intra-basin
transfers. A sequence of steps should be considered.

Presentation Title: The case of the Lesotho Highland Water Project (LHWP)
Presenter: Ms. Mampiti Matete
Key points from the presentation:
• The original project rationale was that Lesotho had abundant water resources and South Africa,
especially the Gauteng region, lacked water but could offer economic benefits. Both countries
had good cooperation through South African Customs Union (SACU) membership.
• LHWP abstracts water from rivers in the highlands of Lesotho, generates power and transfers
water to South Africa. Negotiations started in the 1930s, and extended between the 1950s and
the 1980s. The bilateral treaty was signed in 1986. The project was designed for implementation
in four phases, with only the first phase binding according to the Treaty. Katse dam was
commissioned 1997 and Mohale dam in 2002.
• The key bilateral governance body is the Lesotho Highlands Water Commission.
• The project saved money for South Africa compared to the Orange Vaal Transfer Scheme.
Benefits to South-Africa were access to quality water with implications for economic develop-
ment, while Lesotho had social and environmental benefits. Some of these are listed below:
o Compensation supported health services, development, tourism, food security;
o Natural reserves and biodiversity conservation benefitted the environment;
o Some 16 000 jobs were created, with 250 Million Maloti in contracts;
o Water royalties promoted economic growth.
• The bilateral agreement has implications for the wider Orange-Senqu River Basin, which
also includes Botswana and Namibia.
• Lessons learned include the following:
o Cooperation can take place if there are mutual gains and triggers;
o Political will is important;
o An explicit treaty is a good foundation;
o Understanding benefits with certainty is important;
o Focussing on the division of benefits and costs instead of water allocation;
o Hidden costs can still arise despite careful negotiation and agreement;
o Greater stakeholder involvement widens benefit sharing;
o Flexibility in project agreements and institutions allows for future changes.

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Plenary Discussion:
The main point from the plenary discussion was the following:
• The focus is on benefits. Disbenefits (especially to local communities) must also be evaluated us-
ing appropriate analytical tools. Impacts on other sectors should also be measured.

Presentation Title: The case of the Incomati River Basin

Presenter: Mr. Daniel Malzbender
Key points from the presentation:
• The Incomati river basin is shared by Mozambique, South Africa and Swaziland. The Komati
sub-basin is only shared by South Africa and Swaziland.
• Negotiations commenced in 1967 but were dormant for periods due to the political situation.
• The Tripartite Permanent Technical Committee (TPTC) was established in 1983. This body
negotiated the Komati Basin Development Project (including two dams), and the Piggs Peak
Agreement was signed by all three riparian countries.
• The Interim IncoMaputo Agreement (IIMA) was signed in 2002.
• Benefit sharing in the Komati sub-basin included hydrological benefits (dams increased water
yield in the system), agricultural benefits (improved yield, improved food security, promotion es-
pecially of small-scale farming), environmental benefits (opportunity for environmental manage-
ment), social benefits (permanent jobs were created, improved electricity supply) and economic
benefits (economic growth due to expanded irrigation and tourism spin-offs).
• At overall Incomati basin level the biggest benefits were at political and institutional levels as tri-
lateral cooperation was institutionalized and the TPTC had to report to all three countries
• An annex to the IIMA provides a list of planned projects and a platform for the development of
future benefits in the basin.

Plenary Discussion:
Key points:
• Long negotiations were due in part to the politically unstable situation, but delays also occurred
because diverse actors needed to participate and engage in dialogue.
• Guidelines for environmental management should apply to save natural systems and resources.

Presentation Title: The case of the Zambezi River Basin

Presenter: Mr. Michael Mutale
Key points from the presentation:
• The Zambezi basin is the fourth biggest basin in Africa with a population of 40 Million people.
• Since 1980 IWRM cooperation has been coordinated through ZACPLAN but the legal frame-
work for transboundary water management is still on the horizon, as ZAMCOM is not ratified yet.
Projects are planned or in operation with the following benefit sharing implications:
o Hydropower from the Kariba and Kahora Bassa dams;
o Fisheries and tourism promoted by Kariba and Kahora Bassa;

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 o Social benefits (through the Zambezi Valley Development Fund, including funds to
resettlement villages for irrigation, boreholes, electrification, schools and roads);
• Complimentary cooperation opportunities include:
o IWRM knowledge sharing;
o ZAMWIS real-time water resources information sharing;
o Energy benefit sharing through the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP);
o Multi-sector investment opportunity analysis.
• In the Zambezi basin cooperation is not optional but a matter of survival.

Plenary Discussion:
Key points:
• Data sharing agreements are important but scarce. So far SADC HYCOS is the only formal
shared information agreement and system;
• Less formal data sharing and lesson learning is facilitated by the SADC Water Division.
Documentation is available on various RBOs and river basins.
• Some of the presentations have focused on bilateral agreements. The Zambezi case illustrates
how difficult multilateral agreements can be, and how long negotiation can take.

Presentation Title: The case of the Okavango River Basin

Presenter: Mr. Chaminda Rajapakse
Key points from the presentation:
• Benefit sharing can work when investments are more profitable when planned at basin level.
• The Okavango basin is unique, and is shared between Angola, Botswana and Namibia.
The basin is one of the least developed and most pristine in Africa.
• So far the basin is mainly used by Botswana for tourism. Angola is seeking more water to pro-
mote economic development in an underdeveloped part of the country. These are potentially
conflicting objectives.
• Different models have been developed for OKACOM, looking at low water use, medium water
use and high water use.
• An option for OKACOM is to create benefit sharing at basin level. This could involve investing in
a low water use future to save the pristine basin, but to share benefits from sectors such as
tourism. This might involve setting water aside for basic needs, ecosystem requirements, power
(low cost run of river) and irrigation use.
• The rest could underpin a multi-sector investment portfolio, where costs are shared within an
agreed basin development framework.

Plenary Discussion:
Key point:
• The Okavango is unique, since water generates profit downstream, and so far there is very lim-
ited water use upstream. The question is whether the downstream party can and should pay for
upstream lack of pressure on the water resource.

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 Presentation Title: The Nile Basin Transboundary Benefit Sharing Framework
Presenter: Mr. Nicolas Azza
Key points from the presentation:
• The Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) has been active for some time. The basin includes two SADC
countries (DRC and Tanzania). The basin has nine riparian states and over 180 Million people.
• The NBI Shared Vision Program includes eight programs, including one component addressing
benefit sharing. The region has a history of tensions related to water sharing, and the objective
was to move away from an emphasis on volumetric water allocation.
• Two Subsidiary Action Programmes have been established – one for the Eastern Nile (ENSAP),
and one for the Equatorial Lakes (NELSAP).
• Cooperative projects have been introduced in both contexts, including flood early warning, wa-
tershed management, irrigation development, power trade and IWRM.
• A Benefit Sharing Framework (BSF) was developed in 2008/09, with three stages: (1) Under-
standing, (2) Scoping the results and (3) Determining the magnitude of benefits. Key elements
of the BSF are positive sum outcomes, and a basket of benefits.
• One year later the understanding of benefit sharing has not improved much. NBI staff believes
that the framework is too theoretical and complex. A challenge is to bridge the understanding
gap between decision-makers and practitioners. NBI recently commissioned a study to gather
success stories and practical demonstrations of benefit sharing.

Plenary Discussion:
Key points:
• The Nile basin includes a variety of countries with different backgrounds, levels of development
and political power. Discussions frequently have a political dimension. Economic competition un-
derpins views on water; with the powerful riparian’s reluctant to forego any advantage. Benefit
sharing has the potential to change these relationships, and to encourage an emphasis on mutual
benefit.
• It is important to close the gap between practitioners, politicians and scholars to jointly develop
the benefit sharing framework and concept. The SADC region provides a good example. After
a challenging discussion on the draft benefit sharing guideline at last year’s RBO workshop, this
workshop is seeking to build a common understanding.

Wrap up session
Dr. David Phillips reviewed the presentations and discussions of Day 1. He suggested that there were
three major discussion points that should be addressed on the second day:
• The political dimensions of benefit sharing and the involvement of politicians;
• Differences between bi- and multi lateral benefit sharing;
• Climate change and implications for shared basins and the management thereof.

Housekeeping announcements / reception

After housekeeping announcements Tim Hart closed the first day. All participants were invited to a
SADC reception and dinner.

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Session 3: Deliberations

Reflection on the previous day’s proceedings

Tim Hart reflected on the proceedings of the first day; making the following observations:
• Day 1 was a day of learning and sharing, facilitated by presentations on the theme
of benefit sharing;
• The SADC region is well placed to adopt, refine and implement benefit sharing approaches,
for the following reasons:
o The region has a track record of cooperation, with SADC playing an important role;
o The region has a rich RBO experience, incorporating bi- and multi-lateral arrangements;
o The international basins in the region differ widely, offering a broad spectrum
of opportunities;
o There is growing cooperation around the management of cross boundary waters,
involving SADC, National Governments, ICPs, Non-Government Organisations and in
some cases communities.
• Benefit sharing will pose new challenges:
o Benefit sharing incorporates a wide range of national and political interests;
o Basin studies will have to extend to include economic and social elements;
o Negotiations may be more complex, but the range of options will be wider;
o Stakeholders may remain largely the same, but implications for them will change.

Open dialogue on the politics of benefit sharing

This session involved a seven-member panel comprising prominent figures in the regional water sector.
Discussion was moderated by Mr Daniel Makokera (a journalist and media personality from the SABC in
South Africa), and panellists were asked to address the political implications and dimensions of the bene-
fit sharing approach. Following panel inputs, discussion was opened to the floor.

The Politics of Benefit Sharing: Panellists

Ms. Ruth Beukman, Executive Secretary, Global Water Partnership (GWP), Southern Africa
Mr. Dr. Ebenizario Chonguica, Executive Secretary, Okavango Rover Basin Commission (OKACOM)
Mr. Bataung Leleka, Principal Secretary, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lesotho
Ms. Nomathemba Neseni, Executive Director, Institute for Water and Sanitation Development, Zimbabwe
Mr. Dr. David Phillips, Workshop Resource Person on “Benefit Sharing”
Mr. Phera Ramoeli, Senior Program Manager, SADC Water Division
Key points from the open dialogue were the following:
• Panellists and participants converged in the view that political will is critical to transboundary wa-
ter management. It was noted that such will is expressed to some extent through the SADC
Protocol on Shared Watercourse Systems, and in the SADC Regional Water Policy and Regional
Water Strategy. It was noted further, however, that benefit sharing extends beyond water and its

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 political champions. Further political commitments will be required to integrate across sectors and
at local, national and regional levels.
• It was widely agreed that an enabling environment for benefit sharing had been created through
RBOs. However it was questioned whether the political will for benefit sharing is yet at a level to
support RBO activities in this context. This is especially so because this will also has to come
from non-water sectors. Even within the water sector many politicians have a limited under-
standing of transboundary water management and IWRM. Several panellists and workshop par-
ticipants expressed support for initiatives aimed at politicians, to raise awareness for decisions
required at a political level, to highlight benefit sharing achievements, and to bridge the gap
between technocrats and political decision makers.
• The notion of a sustainable “trialogue” between society, politics and science was raised. In this
context it was suggested that the mandates of RBOs should include providing support to sound
political decision-making in transboundary river basins, and especially around benefit sharing.

Introduction to group discussions

The open dialogue was followed by group discussions. Tim Hart introduced the group discussion session.
He made the following introduction announcements:
• The general objective of the group discussions is to consult RBO and Member State representa-
tives on key issues related to benefit sharing arrangements in SADC. These consultations will
inform and feed into the SADC guideline on benefit sharing;
• Groups will focus on elements of the benefit sharing process, as presented by Dr. Kenneth Msibi:
o Group 1 will address basin-wide cooperation. Facilitator – Mr. Jean Boroto;
o Group 2 will look at basin-wide opportunities. Facilitator – Mr. Gilberto Vincente;
o Group 3 will discuss benefit sharing negotiations. Facilitator – Ms. Kamwenje Nyalugwe;
o Group 4 will address benefit sharing strategy and basket of benefits.
Facilitator – Ms. Mampiti Matete.
• Each group should offer views on four questions:
o How relevant is the proposed benefit sharing process?
o What change do you foresee with the implementation of benefit sharing arrangements,
and what are the challenges?
o What could be the role of RBOs in the stage of the benefit sharing process addressed by
the group?
o What issues should be covered in the SADC guideline on benefit sharing arrangements?

Workshop delegates were invited to join the group of their choice. Feedback from the group discussions
was provided in Session 4, the Way Forward.

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Session 4: Way Forward

Report back from the group discussions

The group facilitators reported to the plenary on behalf of their groups. An overview of the reports is
presented below, and the findings of the group discussions are summarised in a table on the following
pages.

• Group 1 – Basin-wide cooperation: Jean Boroto reported that his group found the benefit sharing
process very relevant and emphasized the need to understand the triggers in the process. The
group felt that facilitation of benefit sharing requires SADC to look beyond the water sector to un-
derstand wider regional issues related to needs and resources. International agreements outside
of the sector are important in this context. The group also foresaw challenges for benefit sharing
implementation, including capacity and the harmonisation. RBOs must be enabled to bridge the
gap between technocrats and politicians to achieve benefit sharing. The benefit sharing guideline
should address Member State representation, cost sharing arrangements and gender issues.

• Group 2 – Basin-wide opportunities: Gilberto Vincente reported that his group saw the relevance
of the benefit sharing process, but that the exploration of opportunities would require a great deal
of information. Key challenges are political, climate change and different levels of economic
prosperity in the region. Communication between politicians and technocrats is essential, but this
will have to move from a country-specific perspective toward a basin wide-approach. Mecha-
nisms for stakeholder and inter- sector participation will have to be developed. The benefit shar-
ing guideline should contain a clear definition of benefit sharing, and the SADC Regional Policy
might require an additional article on benefit sharing.

• Group 3 – Benefit sharing negotiations: Kamwenje Nyalugwe reported that her group found the
proposed benefit sharing process relevant. Challenges for agreements within this process were
seen by the group to include a continued emphasis on water resource limitations (the volumetric
approach), regional geopolitical issues, and the achievement of agreement on long-term issues
within short-term political cycles (such as shared costs and involvement of different sectors).
RBOs should look at the basin at whole and provide compelling evidence to support benefit-
sharing agreements. They must also promote trust between negotiating parties. The group felt
that the benefit sharing guideline should address the issues of sovereignty and cooperation,
benefit sharing negotiation mechanisms, and the role of RBOs in benefit sharing facilitation.

• Group 4 - Benefit sharing strategy and basket of benefits: Mampiti Matete reported that her group
saw the benefit sharing process to be relevant, but that it must be capable of accommodating
changes. The group identified changes, challenges and benefits in the context of strategy and the
basket of benefits (see table below). Among other roles the group felt that RBOs should advise
and facilitate engagement and be an honest broker in negotiations. Topics for the guideline
should include geopolitical issues, corruption prevention, benefit accrual and capacity building.

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 Group findings are summarised below:
Relevance of benefit
Changes and challenges
sharing process
Group 1: Basin-wide Cooperation
Process: Key challenges and changes:
The process is sound, • Capacity on social and environ-
but must take cogni- mental issues
sance of wider issues, • High cost relative to funding
including: • Harmonisation of tools
• Broader IWRM • Revisiting existing agreements
approach • Shift to economic and develop-
• External factors ment perspective
and risks • Understanding of the reasons for
• Triggers for shared cooperation, including SADC
projects goals of Regional Cooperation,
• Evaluation and and Poverty Eradication
possible agreement
changes
• Other relevant
examples (EU
framework
directive, Danube)
Group 2: Basin-wide Opportunities
Process: Key challenges and changes:
The process is very • Political will and regional
relevant. Consider the integration
following: • Trust building among riparian
• Linking cooperation states
and basin studies • Climate change
• Add an item on • Establishment of a basin-wide
data and informa- vision
tion analysis • Differing levels of economic
• The basket of prosperity
benefits will also • Establishment of a benefit
bring about eco- sharing framework
nomic development • Differing levels of stakeholder
participation and capacity
building
• Technocrat /politician
communication
Group 3: Benefit Sharing Negotiations
Process: Key challenges and changes:
The process is relevant • Defining the resource base
differently
• Striking a balance between local,
national and basin priorities
• Identification of long-term bene-
fits
• Understanding of benefits
• Dealing with non-water geopoliti-
cal issues
• Determining the appropriate
timing of negotiation
• Trust among negotiators
• Continuity of negotiators
• Differing levels of development
• Negotiating cost sharing
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Report of the 4 RBO Workshop, Gaborone (Botswana), 20 – 21 April 2010
RBO role in this stage
of the process
RBO role:
• Capacity building of
member states
• Leading the process of
visioning and unpacking
benefit sharing
• Leading understanding
of the resource and de-
mands from various sec-
tors
• Creating a bridge be-
tween technocrats and
politicians
• Involvement in cost
sharing calculations
and guidelines
RBO role:
• Influence political deci-
sion makers
• Define rules of engage-
ment and operationalise
these
• Be accountable for basin-
wide implementation
• Stakeholder participation
(multi-sectoral and grass
roots)
RBO role:
• Assist in identifying ba-
sin-wide benefits
• Provide evidence for
decision making at all
levels
• Promote trust among
negotiating parties
• Offer a neutral platform
for negotiations
• Monitor the negotiation
process
The legal instrument for nego-
tiations will be determined by
the nature of the negotiations
Guideline issues to be
covered by SADC
Issues for guideline:
• Information sharing
• Monitoring and regu-
latory framework
• Cost sharing
arrangements
• Member State repre-
sentation in benefit
sharing negotiations
• Domestication of
international agree-
ments (e.g. UN
Conventions)
• Addressing
national priorities
• Gender issues
Issues for guideline:
• Develop a benefit
sharing framework
• Benefit sharing defini-
tion, and ways to gain
acceptance by stake-
holders
• Suggestions for an
Article on benefit
sharing in the SADC
Regional Policy and
possibly in the Proto-
col on Shared Wa-
tercourse Systems
Issues for guideline:
• Clarification of benefit
sharing terminology
• The interface
between sovereignty
and cooperation
• Benefit sharing
principles and
mechanisms
• Scale and types
of benefits
• Identification of
resources on benefit
sharing
• Role definition for
RBOs
P a g e | 13
Group 4: Benefit Sharing Strategy and Basket of Benefits

Process: Key changes, challenges and RBO role: Issues for guideline:
Relevant, but benefits: • Advisory • Ensuring integrity
• Must allow for Changes: • Facilitation in basin state inter-
review between • Projects multi-purpose and • Coordination actions
stages multi-dimensional • Awareness creation, • Corruption prevention
• Must be continuous • Integrated approach to projects, advocacy, engagement of • Addressing geopoliti-
to accommodate insuring IWRM different stakeholders cal issues
changes • Joint projects preferred • Commissioning research • Assessing the ac-
• Projects may extend to parties to inform decision making crual of benefits at
outside the basin • Fund raising different levels
• Criteria extended to include • Project packaging • Capacity building of
social, economic, environmental, • Compliance monitoring those affected by
sustainability and comparative • Honest brokering - nego- the guideline
advantage tiation in good faith • The process followed
Challenges: • Understanding of politi- in developing the
• Complexity cal, social and economic guideline
• Prediction of unintended impacts dynamics of involved par- • Target audience
• Commitment of parties ties • Brief on how to use
Benefits: the guideline
• Better governance
• Social, economic and environ-
mental sustainability
• Increased opportunities (skills,
employment, research,
development)

SADC synthesis and way forward

Mr. Phera Ramoeli, Senior Program Officer, SADC Water Division synthesised the workshop proceedings
and presented guidance on the way forward. In synthesis he:

• Expressed the view that the workshop had been as very informative and constructive;

• Noted that SADC believes that the benefit sharing concept is particularly relevant for the SADC
Region and that it should be promoted, applied and enhanced;

• Emphasized that the workshop had already shown practical examples and application of benefit
sharing, through the case studies and via the group-work recommendations;

• Expressed satisfaction that much had been achieved among a diverse group of participants;

• Underlined the need for a dialogue between politicians and technocrats via RBO structures to
bridge communication and understanding gaps.

Regarding the way ahead he:

• Noted that the collective contributions of workshop presenters and participants will be used to
inform the development and refinement of the SADC guideline on benefit sharing;

• Confirmed that provision will be made for further stakeholder participation;

• Confirmed that a workshop report will be prepared and send as soon as possible
to all participants;

• Called on all participants to personally disseminate and promote the idea of benefit sharing in the
SADC region. He added that implementation rests with all in the wider SADC Water Sector.

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Closing remarks
Following Mr. Ramoeli’s remarks, Mr. David Phillips thanked all participants for their valuable inputs and
for the lively discussion. He especially underlined the excellent interaction among the workshop
participants, and characterised the workshop as a unique input into the international discussion and
debate around benefit sharing. He noted that this level of cross-boundary interaction on the subject of
benefit sharing had not happened before, and that he would provide feedback to the scholarly debate.
He called on all participants seeking to spread the word about benefit sharing to deepen the understand-
ing of the concept amongst practitioners, scientists and politicians. He expressed the hope that the proc-
ess initiated at the workshop would be sustained, and would provide results for the people of the SADC
region.

Workshop evaluation and distribution of workshop CD-ROM

Tim Hart introduced the evaluation questionnaire (circulated in hard copy), noting that input provided by
participants would shape future RBO workshops. He asked all participants to take time to complete the
questionnaire.
Mr. Hart also informed participants that a Compact Disk with all workshop presentations and the group
photograph would be handed out at the door. He closed the workshop and thanked participants for their
cooperation and fruitful discussions.

For a detailed analysis of the workshop evaluation, refer to Annex 3.

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 Annex 1: Workshop Agenda

4th RBO Workshop

“Benefit sharing and transboundary water management and development in SADC”
Gaborone International Conference Centre
Gaborone, Botswana
20 -21 April 2010
Registration: Monday, 19 April

DAY ONE: Tuesday, 20 April 2010

SESSION 1. Opening Session

START END ACTIVITY

08h00 09h00 Registration

09h00 09h15 Opening remarks – SADC Secretariat

09h15 09h30 Opening remarks – International Cooperating Partners

09h30 10h00 Official opening – Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism (Botswana)

10h00 10h10 Official launch of the RBO guidelines – Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism

10h10 10h30 Group photo & opening of exhibition stalls

10h30 11h00 TEA BREAK

SESSION 2. Conceptualisation

11h00 11h10 Introduction of delegates

11h10 11h40 Introduction to benefit sharing: theories and concepts

11h40 12h20 Benefit sharing and transboundary water management and development in SADC

12h20 14h00 LUNCH

14h00 14h30 The case of the Lesotho Highland Water Project

14h30 15h00 The case of the Incomati River Basin

15h00 15h30 The case of the Zambezi River Basin

15h30 15h45 TEA BREAK

15h45 16h15 The case of the Okavango River Basin

16h15 16h45 The Nile Basin Transboundary Benefit Sharing Framework

16h45 16h55 Wrap-up session

16h55 17h00 Housekeeping announcements

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Report of the 4 RBO Workshop, Gaborone (Botswana), 20 – 21 April 2010 P a g e | 16
19h00 22h00 Reception

END OF DAY 1

DAY TWO: Wednesday, 21 April 2010

SESSION 3: Deliberations

START END ACTIVITY

08h30 08h40 Reflection on the previous day and introduction of the panellists

08h40 10h00 Open dialogue on the politics of benefit sharing

10h00 10h10 Introduction to the group discussions

10h10 10h30 TEA BREAK (decentralised)

10h30 12h30 Group discussions

12h30 14h00 LUNCH

SESSION 4. Way Forward

14h00 15h00 Report back from the group discussions

15h00 15h20 SADC synthesis and way forward

15h20 15h30 Closing Remarks

15h30 15h40 Workshop evaluation and distribution of workshop CD-ROM

TEA BREAK & END OF WORKSHOP

Departure of participants: Thursday, 22 April 2010,

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 Annex 2: List of Participants

Angola
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Manuel da Costa Lucrecio State Secretariat for National Director (222) 430453 (222) (222) 430453 lucreciocosta@gmail.com
Alexandre Water Affaires for Water 923320063
Ressources
Botswana
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Kalaote Kalaote Department of Water Principal Water (267) (267) (267) kkalaote@gov.bw
Affairs Resources 360 7326 7177 9048 390 3508
Engineer
Male Mangisi Namu Department of Water Principal (267) (267) (267) nmangisi@gov.bw
Affairs Hydrogeologist 3607375 71361078 3903508
Female Molefi-mbui Tracy International Waters National (267) (267) (267) trsmolefi@gov.bw
Unit, Ministry of Coordinator (RBO) 3972274 7170 9183 390 3453
Minerals, Energy and
Water Resources
Male Motsumi Sekgowa Department of District (267) (267) (267) semotsumi@gov.bw
Environmental Affairs Environment 6801237 71678482 6862503
Coordinator (Switchboard)
(267) 6801126
(Direct)
Male Setloboko Thato Seth Department of Principal (267) 3607383 (267) (267) tssetloboko@gov.bw
Water Affairs Hydrogeologist 71490378 3903508 ts_setloboko@hotmail.com
Male Wotho Edison Nyalalani Department of Crop Deputy Permanent (267) 3950439 (267) (267) ewotho@gov.bw
Production and Secretary 71887740 3912062
Forestry, Ministry
of Agriculture

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Male Dikgomo Ontlogetse Department of Water Principal (267) (267) (267) 3918462 odikgomo@gov.bw
Affairs Hydrological 3607342 72106960
Engnieer
Male Kwerepe Raymond Botswana Enviromental Ecologist (267) 3934371 (267) rkwerepe@gmail.com
and natural Resources 75298759
Networks
DRC
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Ekwasa Bokole Francois CNAEA Division Chief (243) (243) ekwasaf@yahoo.fr
813 395 623 998 171 951
Male Masamba Mfumu Cyrille Comité National National Contact (243) (243) cyrillemas@yahoo.fr
Nsakala d'Action de l'Eau et de Point & PSC 818 821 988 895 138 092
l'Assainissement Member
(National Commiteee
of Water and
Sanitation Action)
Lesotho
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Leleka Bataung Ministry of Natural Principal Secretary (266) (266) (266) leleka@ilesotho.com
Resources 223 223 34 5888 0451 2231 0520
Male Lesei Khopotso Patrick National Health Training Senior Lecturer (266) 2831 (266) (266) leseikhopotso@yahoo.com
College 8035 5878 6887 2231 0432
Malawi
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Chiundira Emmanuel Ministry of Irrigation and Hydrologist (265) (265) (265) emmanuel.chiundira@yahoo.co.uk
Water Development 1 770 344 999 105 351 1 773 737
Male Manda Matthews Land Resources Deputy Director (265) 1 775 (265) (265) imprestadmin@fidpmw.org
Johannes Manda Conservation 356/ 1 752 8883 29707/ 175 0720
Department, Ministry of 199/ 198/ 1 9999 003318
Agriculture 752 481
Male Sibande Hyde Principal (265) (265) (265) hydesibande@yahoo.co.uk or
Hydrologist 1 770 344 999 668 135 1 773 737 hydesibande@malawi.net
Mozambique
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Marrengula Justino Mussalafo ARA Centro Norte Director (258) (258) (258) justinomarrengula@yahoo.co.uk
26217326/18 825447616 26217318
Male Pereira Hilário Morais DNA Technician (258) (258) (258) hilariopereira@dnaguas.gov.mz
21 302129 / 828588310 21 302130 /
309623 309623

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Namibia
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Female Amakali Maria Ministry of Agriculture, Deputy Director (264) (264) (264) amakalim@mawf.gov.na
Water and Forestry 612087167 812900823 612087160
Male Akawa John Namibia Water Prof. Manager (264) (264) (264) 617 13 akawaj@namwaala.com.na
Corporation 617 122 17 811 220 679 801
Male Tjipangandjara Kuiri F Namibia Water Gaborone, (264) (264) (264) Tjipangandjarak@namwater.com.na
Corporation Botswana 61712169/70 811284143; 613803 Tjipangandjarakf@iway.na
(264)
811295203
South Africa
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Pienaar Harrison Department of Water Chief Director: (27) (27) (27) qin@dwaf.gov.za
Affairs Water Ecosystems 12 336 7197 82 807 4980 12 336 7575
Female Mthethwa P Nonhlanhla Department of Water AD :IWRS (27) (27) (27) mthethwan@dwa.gov.za
Affairs 12 336 8178 836620384 12 328 6397
Male Sithole Alfred Department of Water AD :IWRS (27) (27) Sitholeb@dwa.gov.za
Affairs 12 336 8816 865462824
Male Van Aswegen Johannes Department of Water Director (27) (27) (27) vaswegj@dwaf.gov.za
Malherbe Affairs 13 932 2042 82 807 4198 13 932 2071
Swaziland
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Female Dlamini- Emelda Mapule Department of Water Senior Water (268) (268) (268) dlaminimapule@gov.sz
Magagula Affairs Engineer 404 1622 76118000 404 2019
Female Mthimkhulu Sindy Nkosis’phile Department of Water Senior Water (268) (268) (268) wrb-wcon@realnet.co.sz
Affairs, Swaziland Engineer 404 8032/3 7605 3623 404 2019
Male Ngwenya Obed Mfanimpela Department of Water Director of Water (268) (268) (268) wrb-wcon@realnet.co.sz
Affairs Affairs 4048031/3 7 6063613 4042019 /
Ministry of Natural (268)
Resources and Energy 4044330
Tanzania
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Lichela Karim Ministry of Water and Hydrologist (255) (255) (255) furahakarim2002@yahoo.com
Irrigation 838-40/41 712055801 222450533 /
2452037
Female Lyimo Paskalia Bazil Ministry of Water and Hydrogeologist (255) (255) (255) paskalia44@yahoo.co.uk
Irrigation 2450838 - 655 658 680 222450533/
40/41 2452037

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Zambia
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Male Chileshe Christopher Department of Water Assistant Director, (260) (260) (260) CChileshe@mewd.gov>zm
Affairs Water Resources 211-243543 966-433430 211-243706
Management OR (260)
211-248304
Male Mulasikwanda Michael Muuka Department of Energy Senior Energy (260) (260) (260) mmulasikwanda@mewd.gov.zm
Officer 211 252 011 966 829 358 211 254 491
Male Mwanza Edward Department of Water Senior (260) (260) (260) edwardmwanza68@hotmail.com
Affairs Hydrogeologist 211 248304 976 646824 211 243706
Zimbabwe
Gender Surname Name Organization Designation Work Phone Mobile Fax Email
Female Ndiweni Bongile Zimbabwe National Director Planning (263) (263) (263) bndiweni@zinwa.co.zw
Water Authority 4 797616 11 870 429 4795 325
Male Takudza Makwangudze Zimbabwe National Catchment (263) (263) (263) takudzam@yahoo.co.uk
Water Authority Manager 4 707850 11 771185 4 707850

Gender Surname Name Country Organization Designation Phone (W) Mobile Fax Email
Joint Water Authorities
Male Mendes Carolino Angola Kunene River Basin Coordinator of Committee (244) 923406388 caralinomm1@yahoo.com.br

Male Dlamini Dennis Jabulani South Africa KOBWA Systems Engineer (27) 13 (27) 83 (27) 13 dennis.dlamini@kobwa.co.za
781 0317 981 7705 781 0320

Male Azza Nicholas Uganda Nile Basin Initiative Regional Water (256) 414 (256) 711 (256) 414 nazza@nilebasin.org
(NBI) Policy Specialist 321 424 241006 320 971/183

Male Siamachoka Evis M Zambia Zambezi River Senior Manager (260) 211 (260) 977 (260) 211 Siamachoka@zaraho.org.zm
Authority (Water Resources 227498 786 623 227 498
& Environmental
Management)
Male Kaupu B Jose Angola Kunene River Basin Director of Water (244) 265 (244) 923 (244) 265 jkaupu1@yahoo.com.br
52502 46 357 136 250246

River Basin Commission

Male Chonguica Ebenizario Botswana The Permanent Executive (267) (267) (267) ebenc@okacom.org
Okavango River Basin Secretary 6800023 7134 2241 6800024
Commission
Male Sitoe Sergio Bento Mozambique Limpopo Water Chairmar of the (258) (258) 82 sbsitoe69@yahoo.com.br
Course Commission LBPTC TT 21 490 693 329 1980

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Male Pule Rapule Jacob South Africa ORASECOM Water Resources (27)12 (27) 72 (27)12 PuleR2@dwa.gov.za
Secretariat Specialist 3367895 2304669 3367565
Male Thamae Lenka South Africa ORASECOM Executive (27) 12 (27) 72 (27) 12 thamael@dwa.gov.za
Secretariat Secretary 336 7794 376 8888 336 7565 lenka.thamae@gmail.com
Joint Water Authorities and Joint Technical Committees
Female Segomelo Portia Kelefilwe Botswana Environmental Deputy Director (267) (267) (267) psegomelo@gov.bw
Affairs 390 2050/5 7163 1693 390 2051
Male Banze Helio Mozambique ARA SUL River Basin (258) 823 00 1070 hbaze@tdm.co.mz
Management Director
Male Chutumia Issufo Ismael Mozambique DNA, Progressive Civil Engineer, (258) (258) 82 (258) 21 ichutumia@yahoo.com
Realization of Inco Program Manager 21 302 129 305 6320 302 130
Maputo Agreement
(PRIMA)
Male Fobra Manuel Americo Mozambique ARA-Centro (Regional General Director (258) (258) 82 (258) 23 mfobra@teledata.mz
Water Authority for 23 324168 3007600 324163
Central Zone)
Female Machava Cacilda Andre Mozambique Administracao Director General (258) (258) 82 (258) 252 dg.arazambeze@teledata.mz/
Regional de Aguas do 239 240 01 3 985 390 239 08 cacildamachava@yahoo.com.br
Zambeze
Female Sousa Olinda Da Con- Mozambique ARA SUL Director (258) 2130 (258) 82 (258) 21 osousa@tvcabo.co.mz, osou-
ceicao Costa 6729/30 31 37450 30 6756 sa@ara-sul.co.mz
Male van Haren Ivo Mozambique DNA, Progressive Hydro-geologist; (258) (258) (258) vanharen.ivo@gmail.com
Realization of Inco Program Coordi- 21302129 82420 21302130
Maputo Agreement nator 8320
(PRIMA)
Male Makuta Peter Lesotho Lesotho Highlands Chief Executive (266) (266) (266) makutap@lhda.org.ls
Development Authority 58864401 58864401 22310665
Male Kaponda Alloice J. Tanzania RUVUMA RIVER Basin Water Of- (255) (255) 754 (255) 23 alloicekaponda@yahoo.com;
BASIN ficer 23 2333652 625308 2333652 ruvumabasin@africaonline.co.tz
Regional and International Organizations
Male Seqhee Mothusi Lesotho Nawisa / TRC Nawisa (266) mothusi@trc.org.ls
Coordinator 312263
Female Beukman Ruth South Africa Global Water GWPSA (27) 12 (27) 82 (27) 12 r.beukman@cgiar.org
Partnership Executive 845 9119 443 2259 845 9110
Southern Africa Secretary

Female Neseni Nomathemba Zimbabwe Institute of Water Executive (263) (263) (263) noma@iwsd.co.zw
and Sanitation Director, IWSD 4-799049 91228 4799094
Development 9802
Male Takwira Andrew South Africa Global Water Project Manager (27) 12845 9131 a.takawira@cgiar.org
Partnership
Southern Africa

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SADC Secretariat
Male Katai Othusitse Botswana SADC Secretariat Project Manager (267) (267) (267) okatai@sadc.int
5336748 72324956 5332013
Male Lopi Barbara Botswana SADC Groundwater Communications (267) (267) (267) barbaralo@unops.org
and Drought Officer 3928347 72112560 3928349
Management Project
Male Maheri Christmas Botswana SADC WD RSAP Coordinator (267) 395 (267) (267) cmaheri@sadc.int
8163 ext. 74258348 3181070
1203
Male Mndzebele Dumisani Botswana SADC WD Project Manager (267) 395 (267) (267) dmndzebele@sadc.int
8163 72441290 397 2828/
3181070
Male Maviya Johnson Zimbabwe Southern African Environmental (263) 4 (263) 912 (263) maviya@sapp.co.zw
Power Pool Officer 250 563/4 225 493 4 250 565
Female Zabula Werani Botswana SADC SADC 2010 (267) 395 (267) 71640247 wzabulae@sadc.int
Media Officer 8163
Male Joao Caholo Botswana SADC DES SADC (267) 395 8163 Jcaholo@sadc.int
Male Beetlestone Philip Botswana SADC Project Manager (267) 395 (267) 72110748 phillip@unops.org
8163
Project Steering Committee
Female Binns Rebecca Botswana GTZ/InWEnt Information and (267) (267) (267) rebecca.binns@gtz.de
Public Relations 3102520 7271 6915 310 2526
Advisor
Male De Almeida Luis Botswana SADC WD Project Manager (267) 71556233 ldealmeida@sadc.int
Male Dlamini Enoch Botswana SADC WD Project Manager (267) 395 (267) (267) 397 edlamini@sadc.int
RSWIDP 1863 73292967 2848
Male Masedi Obonetse Alfred Botswana SADC WD Water Supply and (267) 395 (267) (267) 397 omasedi@sadc.int
Sanitation Expert 1863 72106053 2848
Male Meinier Bertrand Botswana GTZ TWM in SADC Water Policy (267) 310 (267) (267) 310 bertrand.meinier@gtz.de
Advisor 2520 7211 4641 2526
Male Msibi Kenneth Botswana SADC Secretariat Water Policy (267) (267) 71444306 kmsbi@
Expert 3951863 sadc.int
Female Phiri Joy Botswana SADC Secretary (267) 395 (267) (267) jphri@
1863 74269790 3181070 sadc.int
Male Qwist- Peter Botswana GTZ TWM in SADC Capacity (267) 310 (267) (267) peter.qwist-hoffmann@gtz.de
Hoffmann Development 2520 72114639 310 2526
Advisor
Male Ramoeli Phera Botswana SADC Senior (267) 395 (267) (267) pramoedi@sadc.int
Programme 8163 ext. 71424876 397 2828/
Officer 6054 3181070

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Male Richter Bjoern Botswana GTZ TWM in SADC Associate Expert (267) (267) (267) bjoern.richter@gtz.de
310 2520 7287 9354 310 2526
Male Vogel Dr. Horst Michael Botswana GTZ TWM in SADC Programme +267 310 (267) (267) horst.vogel@gtz.de
(German Technical Manager 2520 7212 0255 310 2526
Cooperation)
Resource Persons
Female Nyalugwe Kamwenje Botswana Enviroplan (Pty) Ltd Co-facilitator (267) (267) (267) knyalugwe@enviroplan.co.bw
3972489 74353308 3972489
Female Matete Mampiti Lesotho National University Co-facilitator (266) (266) (266) mateteme@yahoo.co.uk,
of Lesotho 2234 0601 5885 0803 223 40000 me.matete@nul.ls
Male Vicente Gilberto Mozambique InWent Co-facilitator (258) (258) 82 (258) gilbertovicente396@gmail.com
21 302362 3053241 21302373
Male Boroto Ruhiza Jean South Africa Source Strategic Co-Facilitator (27) 83 (27) 83 (27) 86 ruhizaboroto@gmail.com
Focus 231 0866 231 0866 684 3979
Male Hart Timothy South Africa SRK Consulting Main facilitator (27) 11 (27) 82 (27) 86 thart@srk.co.za
441 6248 600 5138 555 0865
Male Makokera Daniel Tineyi South Africa Pamuzinda Company Director (27)11 (27) 82 (27) 11 daniel@pamuzinda.co.za
Productions 728 8224 449 5219 728 8224
Male Malzbender Daniel South Africa African Centre for Director (27) 21 424 (27) 83 (27) dbmalzbender@acwr.co.za
Water Research 4946 458 9729 422 3810
Male Rajapakse Chaminda Sri Lanka GEF-EPSMO Project Manager (244) (244) (244) chamindra.rajakse@fao.org
222326486 22232 927090103
7035
Male Mutale Michael Zambia Independent Water Resources (260) 211 (260) 977 (260) mmutale@gmail.com
Consultant Expert 261591 716 615 211 261591
Male Phillips David Namibia Phillips Robinson & Consultants to (264) 61 (33) 6634 (264) dphillips@iway.na
Associates SADC water 302209 65780 61302542
Additional Participants
Male Kellner Thomas Botswana GTZ TWM in SADC Technical Advisor (267) (267) (267) thomas.kellner@gtz.de
310 2520 7211 3602 310 2526
Male Monggae Felix Botswana KCS CEO (267) (267) (267) Felixmonggae@kcs.org.bw
3974537 71312447 3914259
Male Nthathakane Peter Lesotho ORASECOM Water (266) (266) (266) nthaks@commwater.gov.ls
Technical Task Team Commission 2232 7997 5853 1711 2232 4529
Female Mazwamuse Masego South Africa Independent (27) 764875397 mmadezwamuse@gmail.com
Consultant
Male Chapeyama Oliver Botswana Enviroplan (Pty) Ltd M.D (267) (267) 72106588 ochapeyama@enviroplan.co.bw
3972489
Female Muldoon Iman South Africa Pamuzinda Producer (27) 82 muldoonis@hotmail.com
7631075

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Interpreters
Female Fernanda Jones South Africa Freelance Interpreter (27) 012 (27) 82 (27) 12 jonesfernanda@gmail.com
(Portuguese) 460 2002 398 7351 4600 2002
Male Branco Ricardo South Africa ADC Interpreter (27) 82 (27) 11 ricardob@tiscali.co.za
(Portuguese, 8516413 794 7673
Director of ADC)
Male Nthepelelang Moemedi Botswana Freelance Interpreter (267) 71848623 nthaps@yahoo.com
(French)
Male Miyanda Fewdays Botswana Freelance Interpreter (267) 74394479
(French)
Exhibitors
Female Morrison Monica Botswana Communications and OKACOM (267) (267) (267) monica@okacom.org
Information Specialist Secretariat 680 0023 71326637 680 0024
Female Mathangwane Bogadi Botswana ORASECOM Principal Water (267) (267) 72272230 bmathangwane@gov.bw
Engineer 365 6660
Female Omari Kulthoum Botswana Director Environmental (267) (267) kulthoum.omari@gmail.com
Research and 3971194 71879582
Policy Solutions
Male Vyagusa Nchunguye Festo Botswana Construction & SADC - Water (267) 395 (267) 72 (267) 392 NchunguyeV@unops.org
Contracts Specialist - Division 3386 110 774 8349
SADC Groundwater
and Drought
Management Project
Male Mkhatshwa Nicholas Swaziland Exhibitor Komati Basin (268) (268) (268) nicholas.mkhatshwa@
Water Authority 4371464 76130271 4371460 kobwa.co.za
(KOBWA)
Female Shongwe Siphiwe Swaziland Public Relations Komati Basin (268) (268) (268) siphiwe.shongwe@kobwa.co.za
Officer Water Authority 437 1463/4 7602 0624 437 1460
Male Mathangwane Bagadi Botswana Princapal Water ORASECOM (267) (267) 72272230 bmathangwane@gov.bw
Engineer 3656660
International Cooperating Partners
Male Clausen Torkil Jonch Denmark DHI Water Policy External (45) (45) (45) tjc@dhigroup.com
Consultant to 2068 4812 2068 4812 45 16 92 92
Danida
Male Chikoko Hastings South Africa IUCN Head of Office (27) 12 (27) 76 (27) 12 hastings.chikoko@iucn.org
Lawrence 342 8304 682 1587 342 8289
Female Katsuya Mami South Africa Japan International Project (27) 12 (27) 83 (27) 12 katsuya.mami@jica.go.jp
Cooperation Agency Formulation 346 4493 297 7225 346 4966
Adviser
Female Nderumaki Eva South Africa Japan International Programme (27) 12 (27) 72 (27) 12 nderumakieva.SO@jica.go.jp
Cooperation Agency Officer 346 4493 3191927 346 4966

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Male von der Constantin South Africa Pegasys Strategy and External Consul- (27) 21 (27) 83 (27) 86 constantin@pegasys.oc.za
Heyden Development tant to Danida 424 2236 468 0484 611 9531
Male Klaphake Dr. Axel Uganda GTZ TWM in Project Director (256) 779599852 axel.klaphake@gtz.de
Nile Basin
Male Ager Martin Zimbabwe Food and Agricultural Water Resources (263) (263) 912 (263) martin.ager@fao.org
Organisation (FAO) Management 4 253656 268468 4 700724
Officer
Female Brial Charlotte Botswana Embassy of France to Cooperation (267) (267) 72 (267) 397 charlotte.brial@diplomatie.gouv.fr
Botswana Attaché 397 38 63 90 11 34 17 33
Male Horn Stephen Botswana USAID Southern Africa Regional (267) (267) 74 (267) 395 horns@
Environmental 373 2325 78 2255 6947 state.gov
Program Manager
GTZ Project Review Team
Male Court Jason Australia AUSaid First secretary (27) (27) 834199078 jason.court@dfat.gov.au
104236165
Male von Mitzlaff Klaus Tanzania GTZ Tanzania Moderator (255) 788 Klaus.Mitzlaff@gtz.de
GTZ Planning 065509
Workshop
Female Meuss Marina Germany GTZ Germany Planning and (49) 6196 (6196)79 80 marina.meuss@gtz.de
Development 791312 1312
Male Trondalen Prof. Dr Norway Compass Foundation Head of GTZ (41) 22 trondalen@
Jon Martin PPR-mission 704 0670 compass-foundation.net
Inter Press Services
Female Baputaki Chandapiwa Botswana IPS Africa / Mmegi Journalist (267) (267) (267) baputaki@yahoo.com
3974384 72557150 3905508
Male Meekaeel Siphambu Botswana IPS Africa Journalist (267) 72518737 msiphambu@yahoo.com
Female Fray Paula South Africa IPS Africa Regional Director (27) 11 pfray@
32 526 71 ips.org
Male Gyuse Terna South Africa IPS Africa Regional Editor (27)11 (27) 72 (27) 86 tgyuse@
3252671 4325124 6870967 ips.org
Male Patsanza Marshall South Africa IPS Africa Multimedia (27) 736073842 mpatsanza@ips.org
Reporter
Female Ramalapa Jedi South Africa IPS Africa Editor jedi.ramalapa@gmail.com
Female Zimela Zukiswa South Africa IPS Africa Journalist (27) 11 (27) 73 (27) 11 zukiswazimela@gmail.com
3252671 6166864 3252891
Female Geloo Zarina Zambia IPS Africa/ Journalist (260) 95 5 (260) (260) zgeloo@yahoo.com
Times of Zambia 809797 211 211 250149
214256
Male Sinkamba Geoffrey. K. Zambia IPS Africa/ Correspondent (260) 211 (260) 977 (260) 211 jeffkapembwa@yahoo.com
Southern Times 294285 845 779 292096
Zambia
Male Bafana Busani Zimbabwe IPS Africa/ Information (263) (263) 11 bafana@netconnect.co.zw
NUST Officer 9 282842 755 553

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Female Kachere Phyllis Zimbabwe IPS Africa/ Investigations (263) (263) 91 (263) chibhebhi2001@yahoo.com
The Sunday Mail Editor 4 702442 2888834 4 791311
Male Mudzingwa Davidson South Africa IPS Africa/ Journalist / (27) 21 (27) 73 davvymax@yahoo.co.uk
Radio VOP Producer 4615283 8475962
Consultants
Male Manase Gift Botswana EGIS BCEOM Water Resource (267) (267) g.manase@gmail.com
International Economist 75365323 75365323
Male Masie Mookamedi Botswana WRC Hydrogeologist (267) masiesm@yahoo.com
72234771
Male Hughes Simon Canada Hatfield Consultants Manager, (1) 604 (1) 604 (1) 604 shughes@hatfieldgroup.com
Geomatics 926 3261 418 0544 926 5389
Male Quibell Gavin South Africa Private Consultant (27) 82 quibellg@dwaf.gov.za
563 4504
Male Tumbare Michael Zimbabwe SWRSD Zambezi Joint Consultant/ (263) (263) 91 mjtumbare@gmail.com
Venture Consul- Lecturer 11512670 2423723
tants/University of
Zimbabwe

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Annex 3: Summary of Workshop Evaluation
Context

After the closing of the RBO workshop an evaluation questionnaire was distributed to all participants,
enabling them to provide feedback on the workshop and its results. Of the 140 registered participants, 84
completed and submitted questionnaires. These have been evaluated for this summary. Hence a
response was received from over 60 percent of participants. It should be noted that some participants had
already departed before the final session.

Information about participants

The first section of the questionnaire sought information about participants and their diverse backgrounds.
The main categories of participants were the following: “National Water Affairs” (31 percent); “River Basin
Organisations” (32 percent) and; “International Cooperating Partners” (12 percent). More than quarter of
participants was involved in the Orange-Senqu river basin, followed by the Zambezi basin (22 percent)
and the Incomati basin (15 percent). Remaining participants were spread among all other SADC river
basins.

In total around half of participants had not attended previous RBO workshop. Almost 40 percent had
attended the RBO workshop held in 2009. Over 86 percent of participants recorded English as their
preferred language of communication, with Portuguese (15 percent) and French being the other
languages preferred by workshop participants.

Overall it can be concluded that the organisers were able to gather a wide spectrum of participants with
involvement in transboundary water and in River Basin Organisations. Further, all international basins in
the SADC region were represented.

The wide spread of sectoral and regional participants, together with the mix of experienced delegates and
newcomers ensured that the objective “update participants on the progress made by SADC with the
implementation of activities proposed at the 3rd RBO Workshop” was fully met. In addition, the presence
of SADC Member States created the base for the achievement of the objective “consult RBO and
Members States representatives on the development of the SADC guideline on benefit sharing”.

Logistical arrangements

This section of the questionnaire evaluated logistical arrangements by the event organisers and partners.
Overall these arrangements were evaluated as predominantly ‘excellent’ and diverse comments
congratulated the event organizers. Specific items such as “invitations/nominations”, “communication with
Event Manager”, “provision of air tickets”, ”shuttle service” and “services provided during workshop” were
all rated generally ‘excellent’. Accommodation was rated ‘good’, with a reasonable number of ‘excellent’
ratings.

It can be concluded that the logistical arrangements supported the workshop in fulfilling its aims and
objectives and that good preparation and implementation was done by the event organisers RMC
Marketing.

Assessment of sessions

Three sections of the questionnaire addressed the sessions themselves. ‘Good’ was the predominant
rating given to “preparation”, “content of workshop”, “performance of main facilitator”, “performance of co-
facilitators”, “quality of case-studies” and “exhibition booths”. In all cases ‘excellent’ was the next highest
group of ratings.

Assessing the relevance of different workshop sessions, “Introduction to Benefit Sharing” was rated by 70
percent of respondents as ‘highly relevant’. The SADC presentation, the open dialogue and the group

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sessions were also rated as ‘highly relevant’ by over 50 percent of respondents. Other sessions were
rated ‘relevant’, with many votes for ‘highly relevant’. Against the background of the open dialogue, many
comments asked for direct discussions with politicians in future workshops.

Nearly 95 percent of respondents felt that the concept of benefit sharing could be applied in their context.
Many comments noted the need for further guidance and development of the concept before full imple-
mentation would be possible.

On basis of these assessments can be concluded that the workshop successfully met its two main
objectives “Share best practices related to the implementation of benefit sharing arrangements in the
region and beyond” as well as “Consult RBO and Members States representatives on the development of
the SADC guideline on benefit sharing”.

Cooperation with the SADC Water Division

This section of the questionnaire sought feedback on the SADC Water Division as the regional actor
supporting RBOs. Many respondents, around 50 percent, stated that they had been involved with the
Division over the last year through “capacity building activities”. “Network events” (34 percent) and
“implementation of the RSAP” (36 percent) scored highly. For the future, over 30 percent of respondents
requested further support from the SADC Water Division in each of the following areas:

• Networking and exchange between RBOs (55 percent);

• Capacity building programmes (54 percent);
• Strategic advice (44 percent);
• Mobilizing resources (40 percent);
• Awareness raising activities (36 percent);
• Communication with member states (36 percent).

The four guidelines to on strengthening RBOs, were evaluated “highly relevant” by more than 50 percent
of respondents in all cases. “Stakeholder Participation” and “Establishment and Development” rated high-
est in this context. The development of a guideline on communication and information was requested,
and the need for a benefit sharing guideline was affirmed.

It can be concluded that many respondents use the services of the SADC Water Division, and would like
to do so in future. They also rate the outputs of previous RBO workshops very positively. With this
assessment the workshop fulfilled its third main objective “Update participants on the progress made by
SADC with the implementation of activities proposed at the 3rd RBO Workshop”.

Future RBO Workshops

The last section of the questionnaire asked for topics and suggestions for the improvement of future RBO
workshops. Fifty two respondents offered views here. Climate change adaptation, follow up on benefit
sharing and RBO development were key topic suggestions for future workshops. Other proposals
included knowledge and information, funding, and the fight against corruption.

A proposal for improvement raised by several respondents was to hold the RBO workshop in diverse
locations together with established RBOs, and to organise RBO-relevant field trips. There were also some
technical suggestions like better internet-facilities, and stronger involvement of politicians and media.

In general it can be concluded that the opportunity for feedback provided by the questionnaires was
intensively used by participants, indicating that they would like to be involved in future RBO workshops
and wish to see direct benefit from their work.

The completed questionnaires were captured online and the results are available for viewing at
http://www.surveymonkey.com/sr.aspx?sm=FPpCDN6ScWCsKLSuZWonSUGVw5GE8MToGbIpmoo_2b
ep8_3d.

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