mod_rewrite

Regular Expressions Syntax Example: New domain

^ Start of string #domain.com to domain2.com

$ End of string RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.domain\.com$ [NC]
. Any single character RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.domain2.com/$1 [R=301,L]
(a|b) a or b
(...) Group section
Example: Page moved temporarily
[abc] Item in range (a, b or c)
[^abc] Not in range (not a, b or c) # domain.com/page.htm to domain.com/new_page.htm
\s White space RewriteRule ^page.htm$ new_page.htm [R,NC,L]
a? Zero or one of a
a* Zero or more of a
Example: Nice looking URLs (no querystring)
a*? Zero or more of a, ungreedy
a+ One or more of a # domain.com/category-name/ to domain.com/categories.php?name=category-name
a+? One or more of a, ungreedy RewriteRule ^([A-Za-z0-9-]+)/?$ categories.php?name=$1 [L]
a{3} Exactly 3 of a
a{3,} 3 or more of a
Example: Block Referrer Spam (where referring URL contains "viagra" or "xxx" )
a{3,6} 3 to 6 of a
a{3,6}? 3 to 6 of a, ungreedy RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} (viagra) [NC,OR]
!(pattern) "Not" prefix. Apply rule if RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} (xxx) [NC]
pattern does not match. RewriteRule .* - [F]

RewriteRule Flags Server Variables: HTTP Headers Server Variables: Time

R[=code] Redirect to new URL, with %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} %{TIME_YEAR}

optional code (see below). %{HTTP_REFERER} %{TIME_MON}
F Forbidden (sends 403 %{HTTP_COOKIE} %{TIME_DAY}
header) %{HTTP_FORWARDED} %{TIME_HOUR}
G Gone (no longer exists) %{HTTP_HOST} %{TIME_MIN}
P Proxy %{HTTP_PROXY_CONNECTION} %{TIME_SEC}
L Last Rule %{HTTP_ACCEPT} %{TIME_WDAY}
N Next (i.e. restart rules) %{TIME}
C Chain
Server Variables: Request
T=mime-type Set Mime Type
Server Variables: Special
NS Skip if internal sub-request %{REMOTE_ADDR}
NC Case insensitive %{REMOTE_HOST} %{API_VERSION}
QSA Append query string %{REMOTE_USER} %{THE_REQUEST}
NE Do not escape output %{REMOTE_IDENT} %{REQUEST_URI}
PT Pass through %{REQUEST_METHOD} %{REQUEST_FILENAME}
S=x Skip next x rules %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} %{IS_SUBREQ}
E=var:value Set environmental variable %{PATH_INFO}
"var" to "value". %{QUERY_STRING}
Directives
%{AUTH_TYPE}
RewriteEngine
RewriteCond Flags
RewriteOptions
Server Variables: HTTP Headers
NC Case insensitive RewriteLog
OR Combines rules with logical %{DOCUMENT_ROOT} RewriteLogLevel
"or" instead of "and". %{SERVER_ADMIN} RewriteLock
%{SERVER_NAME} RewriteMap
%{SERVER_ADDR} RewriteBase
Redirection Header Codes
%{SERVER_PORT} RewriteCond
301 Moved permanently %{SERVER_PROTOCOL} RewriteRule
302 Moved temporarily %{SERVER_SOFTWARE}
403 Forbidden Available free from
404 Not Found AddedBytes.com
410 Gone