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BREAST CANCER
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The Ten Carative factors, transpersonal caring relationship and the caring
occasion constitute the elements of Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring.
Her ten carative factors are viewed as the guide of a nurse in honoring the
human dimensions of nursing’s work and the inner life world. These carative
factors point to the aspects of nursing which affect the one caring and the
one being cared for thereby potentiating the therapeutic healing processes.
The ten
SPECIAL PROCEDURES
Female Breast
T h e L y m p h a t i c S y s t e m
The lymph system is important to understand because it s one of the
ways in which breast cancers can spread. This system has several parts.
Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped collections of immune system cells
(cells that are important in fighting infections) that are connected by
lymphatic vessels. Lymphatic vessels are like small veins, except that they
carry a clear fluid called lymph (instead of blood) away from the breast.
Lymph contains tissue fluid and waste products, as well as immune system
cells.
Breast cancer cells can enter lymphatic vessels and begin to grow in
lymph nodes. Most lymphatic vessels in the breast connect to lymph nodes
under the arm (axillary nodes).Some lymphatic vessels connect to lymph
nodes inside the chest (internal mammary nodes) and those either above or
below the collarbone (supraclavicular or infraclavicular nodes).
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BREAST CANCER
Predisposing
Precipitating
Age
Etiology -Exposure to radiation and
Gender
Unknown certain chemicals
Family history
Cancer cell
destroyed
Progressed beyond the breast to
regional lymph node.
Compromise the functions of the
major
DEATH
Travel to other organs
organ system
DISCHARGE PLAN
Medication:
* Give adequate instructions to the significant others about the importance of
the following medications and dietary regimens so that the patient’s
condition can remain stable as soon as possible.
Exercise:
* Encourage or teach the patient the proper breathing exercises.
* Allow the patient to verbalize her feelings.
Treatment:
* Chemotherapy
* Encourage the patient to have a strict compliance with regards to the
medication to attain therapeutic effects.
Health Teachings:
* Practice good general hygiene.
* Advise to have a clean, quiet, well ventilated room, conductive to rest and
relaxation.
OPD Check-up:
* Instruct the patient and family to return to their attending physician for
scheduled follow up visit
Diet:
* Low salt, low fat.
* DM diet @ 1000 Kcal /day
Spirituality:
* Encourage the patient to read the Bible and pray to God always, ask for
guidance and pray for the healing and restoration of health.