Vil. FQ.W, - SF 25 0 - "Falke" - 44250 Scheibe Flugzeughau G.m.b (Scheite Ai rama - 23, August Pfaltz-Str. 8060 Dachau, West Germany Telephone: Dachau 4047 Plight and Cperations Manual for the powered glider SF 25 - "Falke", Series C from serial No. 44160 onwards Edition of October 1978 this manual is always tobe kept aboard It is the manual for the SF 25 "Falke", Series C: Registintdon No: j i) sf ; Serial No: = 44250. | Anal te A Aah os Manufacturer: Owner: a Dhe "Flight manual" section summarizes the *nformation necessary for the operation of the "Falké™, The Crerations “Menual section provides more detailed information relating %o both flying and maintaining the Falke, The translation is appre as far as it covers th Original German text.~ Sr 25 C -"Falke" - - 2- Table of Contents Page Cover page 1 Table of contents 2 Record of Changes to the manual 2 Flight manual 1. Operating Data and limitations 4 2. Operating Instructions, information on flight operations 8 3, Performance Data 15 4, Center-of-Gravity Position and Load sheet : 16 5. Minimum Equipment 18 Operations manual 1, Asssembly and Dissambly: Miscellanous 1 2, Maintenance, inspections, repairs 4 3. Equipment : Ff Appendix Lubrication chart 9 Wiring diagram to Weighing (Instructions for center- of- gravity determination) 41 Adjustment data 12 Empty weight, payload and empty weight center-of-gravity. 13SF 25 C - "Falke" - Record of Changes to the manval a ee eee Date Feathearing propeller 17.9.,198 Tanksump (for 18.9.1981 Australien only) - *) F Op wou Flight manual Operation manual- SF 25 C - Flight manual - ~.4 - The pilot is reponsible that all informati - ons contained in the Flight manual are ad - hered to. 1, Operating Data and Limitations 1.1 Powerplant Limbach SL 1700 BAL Max, permissible revolutions 3550 RPM Take-off power (5 min) (60 HP) 3550 RPM Max, permissible continous speed (49 HP) 2800 RPM Brake revolutions: min 2600 RPM o Max, permissible cyl.head temp.: 250°C 1,2'Fuel Aviation gasoline 1oo L or "Premium" automobile gasoline (at will) Capacity of fuel tank: tae us gal) . or 555litres(14,6 us gal) : 44 resp.55 litres Consumable | SAE 40 or SAH 30|HD-Engine- or SAE 20w/5o0 Oil SAE 20 w/50 from Aral, SAE 1o w/4o or |Esso, Cas = 1o w/30 trol, BP, Shell oil quantity: 2,5 1, (0,66 US gal.) minimum quantity: 1,5 1,(0,40 US gal), lower dipstick indication. Oil pressure: Temperatures: 2 Range 1.0...4.0 atii Minimum 50°G (Take-off) Minimun 1,0 atti Maxinun 129 c , icing conditions. 1.4 Propeller 2 blade wooden Feathering propeller: at 2500 RPM Minimum 7o~C in case of i | HO-V62-L150A [ i- $7 25 @ - Flight manual - we 8 a 1.5 Powerplant monitoring equipment Tachometer Operating range (green field) 700-2800 RPM Caution range (yellow field) 2800-3550 RPM max. permissible speed (red line) 3550 RPM Hours of operation indicator Counts 2800 engine revolutions as 1 min. of engine operation. 1/100 of an hour is indicated by last digit Oil pressure gauge Operation range (green field) 41,0 ~ 4,0 ati 4,0 max, pressure (red line) ati Qil temperature gauge Operation range (green field) 50°C - 120°C minimum (red line) = 50°C max, temperature (red line) 120°C Cylinderhead temperature gauge i maximal temperature (red line 250°C 1.6 Ammeter Engine running, the ammeter normally does not indicate any current; this means, that the battery is charged. If the battery has been discharged, the ammeter indi- cates + upon charging when the engine is running. The ammeter indicates - upon discharging, if powerful electrical equipment is connected to the mains or, if electrical equipment is operated with engine stopped. If the ammeter indicates about + 10 A continously, this may indicate aging of the battery or a regulator malfunction. 1.7 Main switch Disconnects the battery from the mains, To be switche: off after landing, When soaring, switching off is per. missible. With engine running, only switch off in case of emergency. 1.8 Automatic fuses 7 The main circuit (not the starter circuit) is protec- ted against short circuit by a 25 A fuse (battery)and a 20 A fuse (generator). If a fuse cuts out in case of overloading, press the red button to switch it on after 2 min., resp. after removing the defect. 41.9 Antenna An Antenna for VHF COM is mounted in the fin.- SF 25 C ~ Flight manual ~ ~6~- Find its plug under the luggage compartment, 1,10 Barograph connection fo record the time of engine operation (in competi- ~ tion), connect the barograph to the barograph ter- minal under the luggage compartment. Red: + 12 ¥, brown: ground, flying fuse behind the instrument panel, 4.11 Terminal strip for additional electrical equipment a ! A terminal strip for additional electrical equipment | (COM, ACL etc). Is attached to the firewall, Mains voltage: 12 V DC, negative ground. Fit the strip with fuses required for the equipment, The regulations concerning the installation of such equipment have to be observed. 1.12 Airspeeds Maximum permissible airspeed el .€ 190 km/h Manoevring airspeed , 150 kn/h with extended spoiler 190 km/h Airspeed indicator markings: } é& Wael red line ayeenren ° 190 km/h yellow field (caution range) 150 +o 190 km/h green field (normal range) 80 to 150 km/h 4.13 Weights ABe ky 2 . Empty weight approx. Load (including fuel) approx. max, permissible all-up weight max. gross weight of non-lifting parts 1.14 Center of Gravity in Flight Reference line: Line through trailing edge and tangent to undersurface of wing rib 6 {y = 2,20 m from plane of symmetry). Reference point RP: 2,00 m in front of the leading edge at rip 0 (0,52 m from plane of symmetry).- SF 25 ¢ - Flight manual - Max. forward position of cg: 2.143 m behind RP Max. rearward position of cg: 2.334 m behind RP 1.15 Placards and Warnings > In addition to the Flight limitations Placard (see pe 10 a)and the fireproof Aircraft Data Plate, the following placard are mounted: 1. On the left cockpit wall at the spoiler lever: ~Airbrakes- Pulling All The Way Back Operates Wheel Brake. . 2. Between the seats, close to the trim lever: NOSE UP - TRIM - NOSE DOWN 3, On the Instrument panel at the respective operating controls: PULL TO CHOKE, CABIN HEATER PULL TO OPEN, MASTER SWITCH, FUEL ~- OFF - ON, CARBURETOR HEATER, THROTTLE, IGNITION-~CON- TACT-OFF, VENTILATION, STARTER, PROPELLER- BRAKE, COOLING AIR FLAP - CLOSED ~ OPEN, 4. At the canopy emergency jettison handle: CANOPY EMERGENCY JETTISON: Propeller not feathered. Pull on front and top handles and throw clear to the right. 5. On the back wall on the baggage compartment: BAGGAGE: Max.: 10,0 kg. 6. On the fuselage, close to the tank filler cap: Aviation gasoline AVGAS 100 L or "Premium" automobile gasoline 44 litres (11.6 US gal) or 55 litres (14,5 US gal) J. On the fuselage fabric, above the main- wheel: =~ "2,1 ati” - On the fuselage fabric, above the-tail ~ wheel: - "2,5 atin -- SP 25 C - Flight manual - -8 - 8, On the instrument panel: Attention: Flight in rain, see Flight manual, Do not smoke, Acrobatic manoevres incl. spins not allowed. Start-Check: Canopy locked, Trimmer set, Airbrakes locked, Controls free, Fuel on, Fuel quantity, Cooling Air Flap open, Safety Belts put on, Carburetor heater off, Prop. pitch set for take-off. 9. On the oil filter cap: Oil 2,5 liter 1.16 Aerobatics, Flight in clouds Aerobatic manoeuvres and flight in clouds are not allowed. 2. Operating instructions 2.1 General The "Falke" is a self-launching powered glider, Prior to flight, exact information about aircraft and engine is needed. It is necessary to study the Flight and Operations manual and to familiarize oneself with every detail of aircraft and engine. 2.2 Pre - Flight Inspection Before operation and, above all, after assembly, a pre-flight inspection is necessary. If the pilot does not perform this inspection himself, he has to make sure that it has been done properly. The external inspection is made by a round of the aircraft, during which everything shall be checked carefully: a 1. Is the ignition shut off ? 2. Check the fuel quantity in the tank and the tank filler cap for safe mounting, 3. Is the main bolt secured ? 4. Are the ailerons connected and secured ? 5. Are the spoilers connected and secured ? Are the coverplates under the wings at13. 14, ~ SF 25 C - Flight manval - -~ 9 - the main spar fixed to the fuselage? Check the right wing for external damage in plywood and fabric, Check the Aileron carefully for damage, aileron bearings for unacceptable play, and the aileron actuating lever for eracks, Are outer aileron bearing and pushrod connection secured? Make sure that the ailerons move freely! Check horizontal and vertical tail sur - faces for external damage in plywood or fabric! Is the horizontal stabilizer correctly assembled.and secured? Is the elevator connected to the pushrod and secured? Check the Bowden cable of the trimtab for correct mounting. Are the control surfaces properly connec- ted and secured? Make sure that they move freely! Particular attention must be paid to the lower rudder bearing. Remove the cover from the pitot. If necessary, drain the pitot tube by remov- ing the drainage plug (close to the ele - vator actuator), Check the tailwheel bearings and tire pressure (2,5 atti). Check the fuselage fabric for damage, including the underside, Inspect the left wing and aileron (accor- ding to items 7 and 8). : Check the pressure in the main wheel tire (2,1 atti), Is the axle bolt properly se - cured? Check the wheel brake.20. 28, 29. 30. 31. - SP 25 C - Flight manual - - io - In case of flying without parachutes:are the spaces for parachutes filled with sufficiently large and hard pillows? Are the pillows secured against slipping? Check the rudder cables for wear and tear, particuarly at the guides. Are the safety belts and their fittings in proper condition? Are the aircraft documents complete and not expired? Check the canopy latch. Is the loading within the permissible range? Check for foreign objects! From the cockpit seat, check all control surfaces for freedom of movement and the ability of the control system to transmit forces (attempt to move each surface while a helper holds it fast). Make sure that the rudder moves in the correct sense! Make an operating test of the spoilers and elevator trim! The daily inspection of the powerplant is to be carried out according to the engine manual. Drain fuel tank, Check fuel filter for water and sediments, Propellor (see also Propellor Handbook) 1) Check that the blades are secure and that there is no play at the tips (up to 1° permissable). 2) Examine the propelior for indentations, splits and other damage. The propellor should he cleaned frequently of insects and grass. 3) All bolts must be tight (nuts wire locked). 4) Check the spinner for cracks; make sure the nuts are tight. : 5) Test the pitch mechanism, Except when feathered, the ball bearing of the pitch control lever must not touch| the swash plate (pressure/thrust plate)of the prop. The clearance between the bearings 4 the plate must be identical 1p each case. The distance of the bear- ings from the axis of the propellor shaft must also be: identical. Check finally that the depth of scoring made by the ball bearings where they contact the 0SF 25 € - Flight manual - -10 a- Flight limitations Placard SCHEIBE AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. construction: Category: U (Utility) Max permissible airspeed: — with extended spoilers: Manoeuvring airspeed: Minimum Load: Max. load incl. fuel: Max. permissible ail-up weight:- SF 25 C - Flight manual - - 11- Starting the engine (see also the Lim - bach SL 1700 manual) Place fuel shut-off valve in ON positi - on, and ignition switch in CONTACT po - sition, Choke (but only if the engine is cold), and set the throttle to idling position. Before pressing the starter button, the master switch is to be switched on. Then press the starter button, Normally a cold engine will start within 2-3 sec. Upon starting, the choke must be opened (pushed) immediately to prevent flooding If the engine has not started after two attempts, open choke and try starting with throttle closed or slightly opened. If the engine does not start after five attempts, it is probably flooded, Switch off ignition, push choke, open throttle completly, and turn the engine over backwards by hand eight to twelve times to clear it. Then attempt to start at full throttle. Reduce power immediately when engine starts, In case of starting the warm or half warm engine: choke open (pushed), throttle closed or slighly cracked. The engine can also be “propped" to star Procedure as under 2,3, Apply brake, and permit the engine to warm up at about 1800 RPM until it does not stop any longer with throttle at idla, and accelerates smoothly in response to full throttle (minimum oil temp. 50°C). At full throttle, engine must speed up to 2600 RPM! The Falke can be taxied without any help. The rudder as coupled to the swiv tailwheel, The minimum turn diameter- SF 25 0 - Flight manual - - 12 - is about 12,5 m. 2.4 Take-off, Climb (caution! see also 2.11: flight in rain) Nea Pre-Flight check according to the pla - ecard in the cockpit. Se Take off: throttle full open, trim neu - tral, stick in middle position. At about 39/4; 72 km/h pull the plane off the ground, hold level to gain speed and climb at about 96 km/h, S2-@ks 2.5 Cruising Flight 2a ks With engine running, level speed range is 72 km/h to 150 km/h. 32 KG. 6sks — 82 Ks Normal cruising speed is about 120-150 km/h at 2500-2600 RPM. In case of increased air moisture (especially near elouds) and when the air temperature is between -1lo° and +18°C, carburetor icing may occur. It is noticed by decrease in RPM and engine roughness, Pull carburetor heater to full on at once. Carburator icing may also occur during long periodsof engine - throttled operation. There fore, pull carburetor heater "on" before a long glide or landing approach. Remember, how. ever, that the engine will not develop full power with carburetor heater applied; push control to off in case of a missed approach or go- around situation. Operating of carburetor heater results in a almost imperceptible RPM decrease (unless there is already carburetor icing). Be sure that carburetor heather is full off in warm, dry air. 2.6 Landing Landing can be performed with engine running or stopped. 1, Enter the Landing pattern at a suitable altitude,- SF 256 - Eu nt panual - ~ 13 - 2, Approach at about Agee 96 km/h, Glide angle can be controlled by means of the airbrake Sinking speed can also be increased by slipping. 3, At about 72 km/h, the Falke touches down first with the tail wheel, then with the main wheel, 4, The wheel brake is effective: the air - eraft can be stopped within a short dis - tance, 2.7 Engine Stop and Restart in the air 1. Stop engine: a) Reduce throttle to idle oY Reduce airspeed to about 80 km/h 43 Ks ce) Shut off ignition; if necessary, pull propeller brake (handle under the in - strument panel, left side), ad) If necessary, operate the starter to the propeller's horizontal position. i 2. Restarting the engine in the air corres - i ponds to item 2,3.Airspeed about °6 km/h. In case of repeated starting in the. air, attention must always be paid to the fuel quantity. Before starting the engine, the cooling air-flap has to be opened. 2.8 Soaring Flight alls salts Circle at about ao - 96 km/h. At 88 km/h the sinking speed is less than 1,0 m/sec. 2.9 Stalling Characteristics and Slow Plight With engine stopped as well as with engine running at full Miche ara: the stalling speed is about 69 kmgyMsAt this airspeed, rudder and ailerons are still fully effec- tive. When the stick is pulled completely back, at foreward CG's the Falke lowers- SF 25 ¢ - Flight the nose, at rear CG's still es, rarely with a wing dropping. By eas stick for- ward the Falke flies normally again. Falling off toward the outside in circling flight: neutralize stick, and full rudder |° in the original turning direction. 2.10 Unintentional Spin Recovery: Neutrlize stick, rudder normal, Do not exeed the max. permissible airspeed Acrobatics are not permitted! 2.11 Flight in Rain - Caution! The Falke wing has a glider airfoil and is sensitive against rain, Raindrops on the wing will reduce the lift. This results in an increase of the minimum airspeed: Minimum airspeed with wet wings is about 80-85 km/#6%sand the wet wing drops easily, whereas the dry wing has very harmless stalling characteristics and a minimum airspeed of about 69 km/h. 374% In case of flight in rain, fly at an air - speed of at least 88 kon /$B pl imd and ap - proached with 104 km/h. séKs. Avoid steep turns! A raindampened wing is to be dried off be- fore take-off. = - 14 - 2.12 Fastening Points for Parachute Ripcords: Red marking at the fuselage crosstube a - bove the backrest. 2.13 Canopy Emergency Jettison Set propeller blades to power setting, pull the canopy lock knob and the emergency Knob in front (painted red) and throw off the canopy to the .. right. 2.13 Emergency Procedvre in case of fire If the engine is on fire: Fuel valve "OFF" Full throttle Shut off ignition when engine stops- SF 25 ¢C - Flight manual - - 15 If flames or smoke penetrate into the cockpit, make a side slip Landing according to 2.6, 2.15 Introduction In any case , a check flight together with a pilot familiar with the "Falke" is neces- sary before the first solo flight. In particular, glider pilots without any experience in motorflying should remember this. Be Performance ‘Data 361 Take-off Perf . The performance data given here have been calculated on the basis of measured values found during the Typeinvestigation by the Aeronautical Inspection Authority. They can be pepeategusier the following conditions, if aircraft and engine are in good condition and the pilot has an average qualification: Max. permissible all-up weight: 610 kg Flat landing field with short grass turf in good condition. No wind. Take-off speed: approx. 72 km/h Climbing speed: approx. 85 km/h - mance Field Cutside air temp. Elev. ASL centigrade meters Take- off run metres Take off to 50 ft (15 m), metres+ - SF 25 C - Flight manual - -~ 16 - erformance at max. all-~ up Rate of Climb: approx. 2,5 m/sec. 303 Airspeeds Maximum continuous level speed: approx. 150 km/h at 2800 RPM $%2&s Approach speed: approx. 88 - 96 km/h 47- Landing speed: approx. 70 km/h 38&ts. |k 3.4 Ceiling Service ceiling (rate epprox. 4000 m of climb 0,5 m/sec) ASL Absolute ceiling approx 6000 m ASL. 3.5 Range and Endurance at zero wind . . Sete 44 1 55 1 Endu- | Raygel| Endu-|Range range m rance| km h,mi h)min 4,4 Geo 15,45 7150 4,A5 570 15,05 Too 540 | 545\ 4, 346 Performance with engine stopped Minimum sinking speed: approx. 1m/sec at 75 km/h. Glide ratio: ebout 1: 22 at 90 km/h. 48 Ks. 4. Center-of-Cravity Position and Load Sheet Remember: The pilot is reponsible for cor - rect,loading of the aircraft. 4.1 Permissible Center -of-Gravity Positions After repair, installation of auxiliary e - Quipment, new painting etc,, the emptyreight center-of-gravity has to be made sure to — [ remain within permissible limits; in special- SF 25 C - Flight manual - - 17 - cases, balancing weights must be added, An authorized inspector has to certify correct weighing. The center-of-gravity positions for variaus empty weights are as follows: Empty weight, kg 450 Cg position] 2264-|2261- aoe mn behind RP to to 2547 |2347 2587 2586 2586 Horizontal reference line: line through trailing edge and tangent to undersurface of wing rib 6 y= =2,.2mfrom plane of symmetry). Reference point (RP): 2,00 m in front of lea ding edge at rib 0 (0,52 m from plane of symmetry). If the empty-weight center-of-gravity posi -4 tion is within theese limits, the center-of- gravity in flight will be within allowable limits, if the load in the cockpit is as specified in section 4,2 below. The center- of-gravity position in flight has a conside- rable influence on flight characteristics. For this reason, observance of the stipulated center- of-sravity range is very important. The following range of all-up-weight center- of-gravity positions is approved: Max, forward position: 2143 mm behind RP Max. rearward position: 2334 mm behind RP 4.2 Load Sheet Load in the cockpit (crew including para - chutes): Max. 180 kg in both seats combined Min- 60-kg Baggage: max, 10,0 kg- SF 25 C - Flight manual - ~ 18 - Take care that the loading (fuel and possibl baggage taken into account) does not exceed the maximum permissible valus given by Flight Limitations Placard, For fuel weight with full tank, 32 kg (44 L)or 40 kg (55 1) must be taken into account. Se Minimum Equipment The following minimum equipment is specified by the airworthiness requirements: a Airspeed indicator b) Altimeter ec) Tachometer dad) Oil pressure gauge e) Oil temperature gauge f£) Ampéremeter &) Fuel quantity indicator 2} Four-element safety belt for each seat i) Flight manual (elways to be kept aboard) j) Compass nN a Feathering the propeller The "Falke" is equipped with a feathering pro- peller. The blades are feathered for soaring by pulling the propeller pitch control handle which is self locking. Only feather the propel- ler when it is not turning.