Experiment : Acid-base titration

Aim : To determine the concentration of a solution of hydrochloric acid using a

standard solution of sodium hydroxide and methyl orange as an indicator.

Materials : 25 cm3 of Hydrocholoric acid, 50 cm3 of sodium hydroxide, a methyl

orange.

Apparatus : Pipette filler,pipette, beakers, conical flasks, burette,retort stand, tiles

Procedures :

1. 25 cm3 of hydrochloric acid was pipette into a beaker.

2. Then, transfer that hydrochloric into a flask. Add 2-3 drops of methyl
orange into a solution.
3. A burette filled with 50 cm3 of sodium hydroxide. Take the first reading of
burette.
4. Add sodium hydroxide solution drop by drop into the solution. Shake well
5. Continue adding sodium hydroxide solution until permanent color change
of indicator from red to orange is obtained. Record the final reading.

Results :

Test tubes Test tube 1 Test tube 2 Test tube 3

Volume of HCI 25.00 25.00 25.00

(cm3)
Initial reading of 0 7.00 14.00
NaOH (cm3)
Final reading of 7.00 14.00 20.80
NaOh (cm3)
Volume of NaOH 7.00 7.00 6.80
(cm3)

c



Discussion :

1. A neutralization reaction occurs when an alkali reacts with an acid to form

salt and water.
2. Acidic solutions contain hydrogen ions. Alkaline solutions contain
hydroxide ions.
3. In this neutralization, the equation form is:
HCI (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCI (aq) + H2O (R

4. This experiment, it uses methyl orange as an indicator. The initial colour of
methyl orange is red. When the neutralization is achieved, a permanent
colour of indicator changes to orange.
5. When the point at which the indicator changes colour is called the end
point. The end point is the point in the titration at which the indicator
changes colour.

Conclusion :

Acids or bases which ionize completely are called strong acids or strong bases. HCi is a
strong base while NaOH is strong bases. When HCI and NaOH is mixed, the
neutralization occurs. The colour of indicator of methyl orange is turn fron red to orange
when the end point is reached. The experiment is considered too has a neutralization
process.

c