Faculty of Engineering Departinent of Electrical Engineering B.Sc, Engineering Level 3 ~ Semester 1 Examination EE 3040 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES: ‘Time allowed: 2 Hours January 2010 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: ‘This paper contains 3 questions on 4 pages. This examination accounts for 70% of the module assessment. The total maximum mark attainable is 100. The marks assigned for cach question & sections there of are indicated in ‘square brackets. ‘This isa closed book examination. Answer ail 3 questions Ifyou have any doubt as to the interpretation of the wording of a question, make your own decision, but clearly state it on the script. ‘All Examinations are conducted under the rules & regulations of the UniversitE3040 (@_Three-phase, 100MVA, 1IKV cylindrical rotor synchronous generator with synchronous reactance of 1.5 pu delivers 30 MW and 20 MYAr at rated jerminal Voltage to a large power system. If the turbine torque is doubled and excitation is raised by 50% what will be new values of real and reactive power delivered to the system? . (14 marks} (b) Derive an expression for the reactive power output, Q, of a three-phase, salient pole rotor synchronous generator in terms of direct axis synchronous reactance X, quadrature axis synchronous reactance of %%, terminal voltage ¥,, internal emf £ and load angle 6. ‘Three-phase, IOUMVA, I1kV salient pole rotor synchronous generator has direst and quadrature axes reactances of 1.7 pu and 1.0 pu respectively. The generator delivers $0 MW of real power to a large power system at 1.0 pu terminal voltage and 2.0 pu intemal emf, What is the reactive power output? [12 marks} (©) Two synchronous generators Gl and G2, rated at 250 MW and 350 MW operate in parallel delivering a common load of 400 MW at 50 Hz with generator GI providing 40% share. The turbine-governor droops of the two generators are 5% and 4¥% respectively from no load to full load. Determine the maximum total load that the combination can deliver without overloading any of the two generators, [10 marks} tion 2 (8) Give a detailed description with sketches where necessary as to why the sudden three- phase short circuit current waveform of a salient pole rotor synchronous generator contains, among others, a double frequency component. (08 marks} (b) Explain briefly with reference to relevant armature flux distribution diagrams why X7 is less than X4 and X, is approximately equal to X, for a salient pole rotor synchronous generator. Quote typical per unit values for each parameter. {10 marks} ©) Describe how the parameters X7, Xj, Xy, Tf and Ty for a three-phase salient pole rotor synchronous generator can be estimated by tests. You should state both the test and the estimation of parameters from the test results, State any assumption made,E3040 ai Draw the coil side arrangement over one pole pair of 4 48 slots, 4 pole, 3-phase, 24ayer oe winding with coil span of 9 slots. =e Draw the coil arrangement of phase~ only assuming concentiie winding {08 marks} (b) The winding in (4) above is tonnected in delta and supplied with 30 Hz, 20 A rms tine current. Number of parallel paths per phase is 2 and the number of tums per coil is 18 (i) Caleulate the peak values of the fundamental and the $" harmonic mmf in the air gap. What are the rotational speeds of the two mmf distributions? [12 marks} [ace the resultant stepped mmf distribution in the air gap at the instant when phase-# current is at its positive peak [06 marks} Gil) What are the frequencies of induced emf in the rotor 3-phase winding due 10 the fundamental and the S® harmonic mmf, given that the rotor speed is 1440 rev/min? 106 marks} (©) Explain briefly what specific requirements that the START winding of « single phase induction motor should satisfy in order to create an air gap mmf fundamental same as that in a 3-phase induction motor. [06 marks) End of Question Paper