BS TRIEU IRAN BANG BS TRAN Quae HUNG YS IRAN KIM THANH
Chiu tracli nhiem xu/it ban:
NGUvtN KHAc OANH
Bien tap:
PHAM Quae TUAN TRS DONG NGOC DDt IS LUtJ HOD Tl)'
Bia:
Trinh bay, hy thuat vi tinh:
Sua ban in:
PRAN ANHIU HOANG LAN RiliNG PH~M Quae TUAN
Ma s6XB: 373 - 373.7 97/407/05 HN - 05
In 1.560 cu6n, kh617 x 24 em, tai COng ty In Khoa h\,c Ky thuat
lOlA Nguyen Khuyen - H~ Noi. 56 in: 192. Gia'y phep XB s6 : 97GT /407 CXB cAp ngay 29/3/2005. In xong va n¢p lttu chi~u thang 7 nam 2005.
Loi gioi thi~u .
NUGC ta dang bUGC vao thai ky cong nghiep hoa, hiin dai hoa nhdm dua Vi¢t Nam fro thann nuac cong nghiep win minh, hien dai.
Trong su nghiep each mang to Jan do, cong tac dao tao nhan luc luon gift vai fro quan trong, Baa cdo Chinh tri eua Ban Chap hanh Trung uang Dang Cong san Vi¢t Nam tai Doi h¢i Dang toan quoe ldn thic IX dii chi re. "Phat trien giao due va dao tao Ja mot trong nhirng dong lire quan trong thiic day SI! nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, la dieu kien de phat trien nguon lire con ngtroi - yeu t6 co ban de phat trien xii hoi, tang tnrong kinh tt! nhanh va ben vtrng".
Quan triet chu truang, N ghi quylt eua Dang va N ha nuac va nhan thuc dung dan vi!' tam quan trong eua chuang trinh, gido trinh do,' voi viec nang cao chat luang dao tao, thea de' nghi clla sa Gido due va Dao tao Ha Noi, ngay 231912003, Uy ban nhdn dan thanh. pho' Ha No! dii ra Quyet dinh so' 56201QD-VB cho phep Sti Giao due va Duo tao thuc hien de' an bien soan chuang trinh, gido trinh trong cae truang Trung hoc chuyen nghiep. (THeN) Ha N(Ji. Quyet dinh nay thi hien su quan tam sdu sac clla Thanh uy, VBND thanh. pho' trong viec nang cao chat IUf111g dao tao va phat triin ngu6n nhdn luc Thu do.
Tren C(/ sa chuang trinh khung cua B(J Ohio due va Dao tao ban hanh va nhiing kinh nghiem rut ra tit thuc te'dao tao, sa Gido due va Doo tao dti chi dao cae truang THe N t6 chuc bien soan chuang trinh, gido trinh mot cach khoa hoc, h¢
3
thong va cap nhat nhiing kien thuc thuc tien phil hap voi dOl tuong hoc sinh THCN n« u»:
BQ gido trinh nay la tai lieu gidng dgy va hoc tap trong cdc truang THCN if Ha Noi, dong thili za tai lieu tham khdo hiiu ich cho cdc truang c6 dao tao cdc nganl: ky thuat - nghiep V~i va dong ddo ban doc guan tam den van de' huang nghiep, day nghe,
Vi¢c 16 chuc bien soan b¢ chuang trinh, giao trinh nay la mot trong nhieu hoat dong thief thuc cua ngimh gido due va dao tao Thu do de' ky niem "50 nam gidi ph6ng Thu do ", "50 ndm thanh lap nganh" va huang fbi ky niem "]000 ruim Thdng Long - Ha Noi ".
So Gido due va DaD tao Ha Noi chan thanh cam on Thanh uy, VBND, cdc sa, ban, nganli cua Thanh pho, Vif Gido due chuyen nghiep B9 Giao due va Dao {go, cdc nha khoa h9C, cdc chuyen gia ddu nganh, cdc gidng vien, cac nha qudn Iy, cac nha doanh nghi¢p dd tao die'u ki¢n giup da, dong gop y kien, tham gia Hoi dong phdn bien, Hoi dong thdm dinh va Hoi dong nghiem thu cdc chuang trinh, gido trinh.
Day fa Ian ddu lien sa Giao due va DaD tao Ha NQi t6 chuc bien soan chuang trinh, gido trinh. Du dd her sue co gang nhung chdc chiin khong tranli khat' thieu sot, bat cap. Chung toi mong nhan duac nhiing y kien dong gop cua ban doc de tung buac hoan thien bQ gido trinh trong cdc Ian tai ban sau.
GIAM DOC so GlAo D1)C v A DAO T 0.0
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Ldi noi d~u
Gido trinh. man hoc Y hoc co truyen do tap the' gido vi en b¢ man Y hoc co truyen bien soan bam sat muc tieu, noi dung cua chuang trinn khung, chuang trlnh giao due nganh D/(;'/I duimg. Gido trinh mon hoc Y hoc co truyen co cap nhdt nhiing thong tin, kien tlurc moi vi' linh. Vl/C Y hoc Cel truyen, co d6'i miff phuang phdp bien sOC;Jn tao tii!n dt! .1'1( pham (Ie' giao vien va hoc sinh co the' ap dung cac phuang phap day ~ hoc hieu qud.
Giao.trinh man hoc Y hoc co truyen bao g6m cac bai hoc, moi bai }U?C co 3 phdn (muc tieu hoc tdp, nhiing noi dung chinh va phdn tif luang gia - ddp an ). Gido trinh mon free Y hoc co truyen fa tai {if/{ chinh thio: de' su dung cho viec hoc tap 1'(1 gidng d~IY trong nha truong.
B¢ man Y hoc co truyen xin fran trong cam an cac chuyen gia ddu nganh, cac thdy thuoc chuyen khoa dd tham gia dong gop 5' kiln voi tac gid trong qua t/!inh bien soan gido trinh mon hoc nay; xin (ran trong cam an TS Le Luang Dong, PGS TS Truong Virft Binh, TS Ddng Kim Thanh dd cho y kiln phdn hi¢n cuon giao trinh man hoc Y hoc co truyen. xin tran trong cam (In Hoi dong nghiem thu chuang trinh, giao trinh cdc man hoc trong cdc truong Trung hoc chuyen nghiep thanh pho' Ha Noi dd co danh gia va xe'p loai xudt srle clio CIIOfl gido trinli mon hoc Y hoc co truyen.
Giao trinh man hoc Y hoc co truyen chdc cit/in con co nhieu khiem khuye], cluing toi I'd! mong nhdn duac nhiing dong gop ,I; kiln etta cac dong nghiep, cdc thdy c6 giao va hoc sinh nha tnt/ing de' giao trinh mon hQC ngay cang hoan thien han.
TM nh6m lac gia
BS mAN oucc H(JNG
5
,,? ~
Y HQC CO TRUYEN
- S6' tief hoc:
+ S6 tiet 19 thuyet: + S6 tiet thuc tap: - Xep loai m6n hoc:
- H¢ s6' m6n hoc:
- Thoi diim thuc hien mon hoc:
MVC TIEU MON HQC:
1- Trinh bay diroc mot s6 khai niern co ban ve 19 luan Y hoc c6 truyen.
2- Nhan dinh duoc mot so benh, chirng thuong g~p thea Y h9C c6 truyen, 3- Sir dung thuoc nam, cham CUu va phucng phap chua benh khong dung
thu6c d~ phong va chua mot so benh, chiing thuong g~p .
4- Xay dung niem tin va 9 thirc lip dung Y h9C c6 truyen cua ngiroi Dieu dirong.
NOI DUNG MON HQC:
30 .
22 8
M6n kiern tra H~ so 2
H9c ky II nam thu hai
Ten bai hoc
1 H9C thuyet am - duong ngu hanh va irng dung trong Y h9C c6 truyen
- Thirc hanh: Thtrc qp tai phong thirc tap, viron cay thuoc narn cua nha
tnrong, si'r dung qui trlnh ky thuat de day thuc hanh, xern video, slide.
Danh gia:
- Kiem tra thirong xuyen: 2 diem kiem tra he so 1
- Kiem tra dinh ky: 2 diem kiem tra h¢ s6 2
- Kiem tra ket thuc rnon hoc: Bai kiem tra viet, siI dung cau hoi thi truyen
thong cai tien va Call hoi thi trac nghiem
8
Chuong 1
LY LuAN CHUNG
. .
Ba! so'l
HOC THUYET AM DUONG, NGU HANH V A DNG Dt)NG TRONG Y HOC CO TRUYEN
MI,IC tieu hoc tap
1. Trinh bay diroc b6n quy luat cua hoc thuyet Am Duong.
2. Trinh bay duoc moi quan he wong sinh, wang khac cua hoc thuyet Ngu hanh.
3. Van dung hoc thuyet Am Duong. NgU hanh VaG chan dean, dieu tri, phong benh, bao che diroc lieu.
1. HQc thuyet am dU'csng 1.1. D!nh nghla
HQe thuyet Am Duong Ia triet hoc e6 dai phuong Dong nghien cuu sl! van dong va tien h6a kh6ng ngirng ella vat chat. Hoc thuyet Am Duong giai thich nguyen nhan phat sinh phat trien va tieu vong ella van vat.
1.2. Phan dinh Am Duong
Am va Duong Ia ten goi cho hai yeu t6 eo ban cua mot su vat, hai eire cua mot qua trlnh van dong va hai nh6m hien nrong eo m6i quan he v6i nhau.
- Tinh chat co ban ella Am la: Phia duoi, ben trong, yen tinh, tieh tu, dar, rnroc, bong t6i, dong hoa, lanh, mar, vi dang chua, man, mila dong, gi6ng cai.v.v.
- Tinh chat co ban ella Duong Ia : Phfa tren, ben ngoai, heat dong, phan tan, troi, lira, anh sang, hoat dong, di hoa, nong, am, vi cay, ngot, nh at , mila ha,
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gi6ng duc.v.v,
Ap dung d6i val. co the ngiroi:
- Cac tang : TAm, Can, Ty, Phe, Than, thuoc Am dong thai la ten cua cac dirong kinh Am.
- Cac phil Tieu twang, Dam, Vi, Dai trang, Bang quang, thuoc Duong dong
. thai 18. ten cac dirong kfnh Duong.
- Khi, phan ngoai, lung thuoc Duong.
- Huyet, phan trong, bung thuoc Am.
- Am la co sa vat chat.
- Duong la chuc nang ella co th6.
1.3. Cac quy luat Am Duong 1.3.1. Am Duong difi 14p
- Am Duong mau thuan, che iroc Hin nhau nhu ngay voi dem; nong voi lanh,
- Can dira vao nhirng mire d¢ d6i lap d~ c6 bien phap thich hop khi can dieu
chinh Am Duong.
1.3.2. Am Duong ho can
- Am Duong luon luon nirong tva, giup do Ian nhau d~ phat sinh va phat trien.
- Am c6 trong Duong, Duong c6 trong Am.
- Am Duong kh6ng tach biet nhau, rna hoa hop nhau, thong nhat voi nhau,
do vay: Am thang, Duong giang. 1.3.3. Am Duong tieu truong
- Am Duong khong e6 dinh rna luon bien dong. Khi Am tieu th] Duong
truong va nguoc lai,
- Khi bien dong virot qua mire blnh thtrong co str chuyen bien Am Duong.
- Am eire tat Duong, Duong cue tat Am.
Thf du: Mot ngay e6 24 gio, 12 gio lit eire Duong, 0 gio la eire Am. I nam co 4 mua, Mua dong thi cue Am, mua ha thl eire Duong ... 1.3.4. Am Duong binh himh (can bdng) -
Sir can bang Am Duong la Am Duong blnh hanh trong su tieu twang va tieu tnrong trong the blnh hanh. Neu su can bang Am Duong thay dbi hoac bi pha
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vcr thl su vat c6 nguy co diet vong.
Thi du : Am thang Duong, hoac Duong thang Am deu phat sinh benh. 1.4. Bi~u tUQ11g cua hoc thuyet Am Duong
Thuyet Am Duong duoc bicu nrong bang mot "
Am Duong
hlnh tron.
Bieu hien la mot vat th~ thong nhat.
Ben trong c6 hai ph lin den (Am) va trang (Duong), bi6u thi Am Duong dai lap. Trong phan den c6 vong tron nho mau trang, trong phan trang c6 vong tron nho mau den bieu thi trong Am c6 Duong, trong Duong c6 Am. Khi phan trang dat toi eire dai thi xuat hien phan den, khi phan den dat toi eire dai thl xuat hien phan trang, bieu thi
Hinh 1: Bjt'u tuang hoc thuylt Am - Duong
Am Duong tieu tnrong,
Dien tich hai phan Am Duong bang nhau diroc phan doi bang mot dirong
cong dong, bieu thi Am Duong can bang trong su lieu tnrong, 1.5. Dog dung hoc thuyet Am Duong
1.5.1. SI! mat thang bang vl Am Duong
- Am hir sinh noi nhiet, Duong hu sinh ngoai him.
- Am thinh sinh n¢i han, Duong thinh thl sinh ngoai nhiet,
1.5.2. Chiia b~nh thea nguyen tdc
- Benh han (Ianh) thuoc Am dung thuoc n6ng, am la Duong diroc,
- Benh nhiet (nong) thuoc Duong dung thuoc mat, lanh la Am diroc.
- Benh hu (man tmh) thl phai b6, benh thuc (cap tfnh) thl phai tao
1.5.3. Bao ch( thudc dong duoc
- Am diroc gam cac thuoc c6 tinh mal lanh, vi dang, chua, man, huang tac dung thuoc di xu6ng nhu: thuoc thanh nhiet, loi titu, ha tao
- Duong diroc gam cac vi thuoc c6 tfnh n6ng ilrn, vi cay, ngot, huang tac dung thuoc di len nhtr: thuoc M, thuoc hanh khf heat huyet, thucc giai bieu.
- C6 lh~ bien d6i duoc tinh bang phuong phap bao che.
Thf du: Sinh dia tinh lanht Am duoc) Him girng, sa nhan roi ciru chirng, ciru sai thanh thuc dia tfnh am (Duong diroc),
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1.5.4. Phong b¢nh
Cac phirong phap t~p luyen phai coi trong ca phan tam (Am) va phan th6 (Duong), ket hop tap dong (Duongjva t~p tinh (Am), luyen co gao khop (Duong) voi luyen tap noi tang (Am).
2. HQc thuyet ngu hanh
2.1. Dfnh nghia
HQc thuyet Ngu hanh nghien ciru nlurng moi Iienquan giira cac v~t chit trong qua trinh van dong, giai thich co che ella sg tieu twang va bien hoa cua thuyet Am Duong.
Thi du : Moe 13 cay xanh; Hoi Ia lira, Thola dat; Kim la kim IOSti; Thuy Ii mroc. Moi mot hanh deu irng voi mot Tang trong co th6 c6 quan h~ Bieu Ly voi
mot Phu trong co th€ va khai khieu ra ben ngoai.
Thf du: Hanh Moe irng voi Tang Can, quan he Bi6u Ly voi Dam, bieu hien
ra mar.
2.2. Quan he Ngu hanh 2.2.1. Ngil hann luang sinh
- Co nghia Ia hanh nay thiic day, giup do, tao dieu kien cho hanh khac phat trien.
- Moe sinh Hoi, Hoa sinh Tho, Tho sinh Kim, Kim sinh Thuy, Thuy sinh
M¢c.
- Hanh sinh gQi 18. hanh my, hanh dtroc sinh goi Iii hanh can
M¢c (Can)
(Moe la my cua Hail, Hoa la can Thuy (Th~n)
ella Moe).
2.2.2. Ngii hanh tuong khdc - Co nghia Iii hanh nay kiem
che.giam sat kh6ng d6 cho hanh kia phat trien qua mire.
- Moe khac Th6 - Tho khac
Thuy - Thuy khac Hoi - Hoa
khac Kim - Kim khac Moe.
Haa (Tam)
Kim (Phe)
Tho (TYJ
___ ..... Tirong sinh ---------.. TU(1ng khac
Hinh 2:
Bie'u tuang 2 quy luat cua hoc thuyer N gil hanh
12
Bang quy loai h9C thuyet Ngii hanh
Hien urong Ngu hanh
MQc Hoil Th6 Kim Thuy
V~t chat Go, cay Lfra Dat Kim loai Nuac
M~lU sac Xanh D6 , Vang , Trang Den
Vi Chua Dang ;' Ng91. Cay M~n
Mua Xui'm H'.l Cu6i ha Thu Dong
Phuong Dong Nam Trung irong Tay Bac
T;;tng Can Tam Ty Ph€ Th~n
Phil Dam Tieu tnrong ! Vj D<.ti tnrong Bang quang
Ngu th~ Can M'.lch Thit Da, long Xuong, tuy
Ngu quan Mat Liroi Mieng Miii Tai
Tlnh chi Gian Mung Lo Buon Sq 2.3. ([ng dung hoc thuyet Ngu hanh 2.3.1. Chiln doan b¢nh
- DVa vao bang qui loai Ngii Hanh: Da xanh benh thuoc Can, hay mac vao mua Xuan; dado benh thuoc Tam, hay mac vao rnua ha; da xarn den benh thuoc Than, hay mac vao mua dong.
- Gian dO' qua thi hai Can. Vui mtrng qua rmrc thi hai Tam. So hili qua thi
hai Than, buon qua thi hai Phe. 2.3.2. Chua benh.
- Nguyen tac con hu thl b6 my, my thuc thi ta con.
Thf du: - Benh Ph€ khi hir, Ph€ lao ... (viem phe quan man, lao phoi. .. ) thl phai b6 vao tang Ty d~ nuoi dirong Ph€ vi Ph€ la me cua TY.
- Phe thirc (Hen phe' quan) thl phai ra vao tang Than vi tang Than fa tang con cua tang Phe.
2.3.3. Bao che'
- Muon thuoc di vao dung Kinh va dung Tang phai bao ch€ vi thuoc d6
thea dung bang qui loai Ngii hanh.
Thf du:
- Muon thuoc vao Ty phai tam matl sao vang.
- Muon thuoc vao Phe phai tAm nrou say kh6.
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- Muon thuoc vao Than phai tfun muoi sao den,
- Muon thuoc vao Can phai tam dam say kho.
- Thuoc VaG Tam thuong la thuoc eo mau do lit vi d~ng.
TV Ilfqng gia
* Tra fbi ngan cac cau to' cau 1 din cau 8 b~ng each dh1n HI ho~c cum tir thleh hep vao cho trang.
1. Hoc thuyet Am - DLfO'ng ta: ., .(A) .. nghien cuu str van d¢ng va tien hoa khOng ngltng cua vat chat.
H9C thuyet Am - DLfO'ng giai thich (8) va tieu yang cua van v~t.
A ..
8 ..
2. Am - Duong la ten gQi (A) cua mot su vat, hai cue cua qua trinh van d¢ng va
hal nh6m ...... (8) ..
A ..
8 ..
3. Tinh chat eel ban cua Am (A) Tfnh chat co ban cua DLlO'ng .. (8) ...
A ..
8 ..
4. Quy lu$t Am - Dlfelng la:
A .
8 ..
C ..
D ..
5. 8i~u tLf<;1ng cua h9C thuyet Am - DLfO'ng 113 m¢t hinh tron c6 ... (A) .... Trang d6 phfin trang c6 .... (8) .... Ph~n den c6 vong tron nho rnau trang bieu tht trong DLfO'ng c6 Am, trang Am c6 DlIelng.
8. Cac phUong phap t~p luyen phai col tr9ng ca hai phan: tam va the, ket hop
..... (A) ket hop (B) .
A .
B ."" .
" Phan bi~t dung sai cae cau tu cau 9 den cau 13 b~ng each danh dau v vao cQt A cho eau dung; cau 8 cho cQt sai:
TT NQidung A B
9 NgO hanh nghien cuu nhUng moi lien quan gi[(a cac v~t chen
trong qua trinh v~n d9n9.
10 Big;u M;:lng cua h9C thuyet Am Duong dU<;1G phan each bang mot
duong th~ng.
11 Hanh sinh dU<;1G 99i la hanh me, hanh diroc sinh 99i la hanh con.
12 NgO hanh tuong khaG 103 giup dB thuc d§y tao dleu kifi!n cho nhau
phat trien.
13 Nguyen tac chua berth theo h9C thuyet Am Duong: Hu thl bel,
th l!G th 1 t,3., " Chon 1 cau tra loi dung nhat cho cac cau W 14 de'n 20 bang each khoanh trim vao chCt cal dau cau tra loi dLIc;:Ic chon,
14. Y h9C Cel truyen 103:
A. Triet h9C phironq 86ng.
B . Chua b$nh thea cam nhan,
C. Phironq phap tap luy$n dUBng sinh.
D. Chua benh bang cham cw.
E. Tat ea cac cau tren,
15. Lrng dl,mg cua h9C thuyet Am - Duong trong Y h9C 103:
A. Trong dieu tri Cham - Cuu.
B. Bao che thuoc d6ng dUr;lc.
C. cac phtronq phap xoa bop bam huyet,
D. PhUong phap phonq b~nh.
E. Tat ca cac dIU tren,
16. H9C thuy~t NgO hanh la:
A H9C thuyet cu the! hoa cua Am - DLlong.
B. PhLlong phap chan doan benh,
C. H9C thuyet chi diroc ap dung trong xoa bop bam huyet.
D. H9C thuyet chi dLlt;!c ap dl,mg trong Cham - CW.
E. Tat ca cac y tren.
17. Chan doan benh thea NgO hanh thl:
A. Da xanh, hay mac berth vao rnua xuan la benh thuoc Can.
B. Da do, mac benh rnua ha la benh thuoc Phe.
C. Da trang, mac b$nh rnua dong la benh thuoc TY.
D. Da den, mac b~nh rnua thu la benh thuoc Tam.
E. Tat ca cac y tren.
18. Bao che thucc thea dung phan loai NgO hanh thl:
A Vao TY sao vdi dam.
B. Vao Than sao voi gung.
C. Vao Can tam dam say kho.
D. Vao Tam sao vdj mat,
E. Vao Phe sao vang h9. tho.
19. Thea h9C thuyet Am - Duong phonq benh la:
A. l.uyen t$p ca hai phan: Tam va th~.
B. chi can tap luyen co bap,
C. Chi tap luyen tinh than.
D. Chi luyen tap ni?i tanq.
E. Tat ca cac y tren.
20. Chua b~nh thea NgO hanh la:
A. B$nh phai chua tan goc.
B. Phai chua ket hop ca Tanq me va Tanq can.
C. Chua ban than Tanq d6 b] benh,
D. Chua b~nh bang luyen tap dLlClng sinh.
E. Hit Cel cac cau tren,
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1(1).192
Bili s6'2
NGUYEN NHAN GAY BtNH THEO Y HOC c6 TRUYEN
1. Trinh bay duoc 3 nhorn nguyen nhan gay benh thea Y hoc e6 truyen,
3. Trinh bay diroc chan doan nguyen nhan trong Y hoc eo truyen.
Binh thuong co the eo sue chong dB voi benh tat va kha nang tu dicu chinh hoat dong cua cac Tang Phu, Do la chfnh khi. Khi ehfnh khi suy yeu thl ta khi (Hie nhan gay benh) xam nhap VaG co the sinh ra benh t~t.
Y hoc eel truyen ehia ra nhirng nguyen nhan gay benh thanh ba nhom : - Nguyen nhan ben ngoai CCi the: (ngoai nhan).
- Nguyen nhan ben trong eo the (noi nhan).
- Nhfrng nguyen nhan khac ngoai hai nhom tren la (bat noi ngoai nhan).
1. Nguyen nhan ben ngoai (ngo~i nhan) La nhfrng yeu t6 thai tiet va khi hau bat thirong,
Co 6 loai ta khi la : Phong, Han, Thir, Thap, Tao, Hoa. 1.1. Phong
La Duong ta, chu khi cua mua xuan, la nguyen nhan hay g~p nhat (phong dan dau tram benh) va tlnrong ket hop vCri. cac ngoai ta khac nhu Han, Nhi¢t, Thap.
Dac tinh cua Phong:
- Hay di len va ra ngoai nen thirong gaybenh b phan tren va phan ngoai co the.
- Phat benh nhanh, bien hoa nhanh, gay hat hoi, sci miii, sq gi6, man ngira,
- Benh tich tlurong di chuyen tu noi nay qua noi khac nhu thap kh6p cap
(phong thap nhiet) hoac may day man ngua (phong chan).
2(1)-192
17
1.2. Han
:I< La Am ta, thuong lam t6n hai den Duong khi (sire nong co the) chu khi
mila dong.
:I< Dac tinh Him:
- Hay gay dau, diem dau khong di chuyen, chuom nong dO' dau.
- Hay gay u tre, co cirng, rna hoi khong fa duoc.
- Ngiroi benh S9 lanh, thich am.
1.3.Thu
:I< Thir la nang, thuoc Duong ta, chu khf mua ha va thirong tam tlurong tbn
Am dich.
:I< Dac tinh cua thir :
- Hay gay sot cao, khat mroc, v~t va.
- Mire dq nang gay ngat, hon me say nang (tning Thir),
1.4. Thap
* Thap la dm uot, thuoc Am ra, chu khi cuoi ha, mila rmra lu, * Dac tfnh cua Thap:
- Thuong gay benh tu nira nguoi diroi, benh dai dang.
- Gay cam giac nang ne, elf dong kho, dau nhieu ve buoi sang hoac khi nghi
ngoi kh6ng van dong,
- Phu, bi tieu, fa mo hoi, hnri beu, reu luai trang, day, nhot dinh. 1.5. Tao
* Tao 13. SI! kho hanh, thuoc Duong ta, chu khi mua thu, thuoug lam t<'in thuong Tan dich.
* Dac tfnh cua Tao:
- Gay ton thuong chirc nang Tang Phe : mui mieng, hong, hong kho, da mrt
ne, tao bon, ho khan.
- Gay sot cao, khong fa md hoi, khat, thfch uong mroc. 1.6. Hoil
* Thuong goi la Nhiet (thuc fa Hoa la rmrc cao ella Nhiet), la Duong ta, chu khi mua ha, Cac ngoai t8. khac nhu Phong, Him, Thap, Tao khi vao co the deu co kha nang chuyen hoa thanh Hoi
* Dac tinh cua Nhiet (Hoa):
18
2(T) - 192
- Gay sot cao, so nong, thfch mat, ra nhieu mo hoi, khat nuoc, m~t do, mat do. Gay chay mau (Nhier birc buyer vong hanh).
3. £)~c tlnh cua Phong 109: ., . (A) .. nen thUdng gay benh ... (8) .. phan nqoai co the
A .
B .
4. Tfnh chat cua Han 109 Am ra !huang (A) ... OUdng khi chu khf ., .(8) ....
A .
B .
5. ThL't 109 nang 109 DUdng ta chu khi .. (A) thuang lam thtJang ton (B) .
A .
B .
.. Phan bi~t dung sai cac cau tll' 6 den 10 b~ng each danh dau v vao cc?t A cho diu dung, c¢t B cho cau sai,
TT N¢i dung A B
6 Thap 109 do am tJdt 109 Am ta, chu khi cuoi ha, rnua rrura 10.
. .
7 Han gay sot cao, khat ruroc v~t va.
S Tao 109 slj khO hanh. OtJdng ta hay lam teln thudng Tan dich.
9 Hoa ia Nhiet, la DtJang ta chu khi cua mua ha.
10 Gay ton thtJong cmrc nang tanq Phe: gay sot eao, khang ra
me hoi, khat thlch uong ntJete 103 b$nh ella Tao . .. Ch«im 1 diu tnl I~i dung nhat cho cac cau tl1 cau 11 den cau 15 b~ng each khoanh tron vito chu cai dau cau tra I~i dll«;Sc chen.
11. Nh6m nguyen nhan gay berth ben trong 113:
A. Do Bay tlnh ehf gay nen b$nh.
B. Do Phong, Han ket h(,1p gay b$nh.
20
C. Do heat d¢ng chan tay qua rnrrc,
D. Do Tao va Thap ket hop gay b$nh.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren.
12. Bay tlnh chi gay nen benh la:
A. Gi~n dlf qua hai Can.
B. Au sau qua hai Than,
C. Buon qua hai Tam.
D. St;1 qua hal TY.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren.
13. Nh6m nguyen nhan gay b$nh ben nqoai la:
A. Do lao d¢ng qua rrurc.
B. Do an uong kh6ng du chat.
C. Do khi hau, thoi tiet. O. Do trung thu can.
E. Tat ca cac y tren,
14. Nguyen nhan gay berth do lao d¢ng la:
A. Kh6ng lao d¢ng sinh b$nh lildi.
8. Lao d¢ng qua rmrc gay b$nh lao hrc,
C. Lao d¢ng kh6ng an toan dE~ bi chan thironq.
D. M6i trudng lao d¢ng kh6ng an toan de sinh benh,
E. Tat CEI cac cau tren.
15. Nguyen nhan gay b$nh do an uong 103.:
A. An kh6ng du no dan tai ton thuong TY, Vi.
B. An nhieu thuc an song lanh oi thiu gay benh cho Can, Than,
C. An nhieu thtrc an boo, nqot de sinh Nhi$t sinh Thap.
D. An nhieu chat nang, cay anh huang den Tam, Phe.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren.
21
Hai sf)' 3
HQC THUYET TA.NG PHU, KHi, HUYET, TINH, THAN, TAN DJCH
M~c tieu hoc tap
I. Trinh bay diroc cac chtrc nang chu yeu cua cac Tang, Phil.
2. Kt diroc chirc nang cua Huyet, Khf, Tinh, Than, Tan dich.
3. Dog dung chan doan so bo mot 56 benh thong thtrong.
* Co the ngtroi gem: NgG. Tang - luc Phil, gan co xtrong khop kinh lac, + Ngii tang gom: Tang Tam (phu Iii. Tam bao), Can, Ty, Phc, Phan. + Quan he gitra Tang voi Tang la quan he Ngii hanh,
+ Luc phil gom: Phil Dam, Tieu tnrong, Vi, Dai tnrong, Bang quang va
Tam lieu.
* Quan he gitta Tang voi Phu la quan he Am Duong, Situ LY.
1. cse t~ng
1.1. Tang Tam (phu Tam bao) '" Chirc nang:
- La tang dirng dau cac Tang - Phil.
- Tam c6 Tam bao bao boc, bao v~ ben ngoai,
- Tam chu than minh: Chu cac hoat dong ve tinh than va st;( sang suet Ia noi
a cua Than (Tam tang than).
- Tam chu huyer mach: Tam khf thtic dAy huyet dich trong long mach di nuoi duong co the. Co the dUQ'C nuoi dirong tot bitu hien a ve mar nroi nhuan, hong hao, Tam khai khieu Ct lucri (phan anh fa lucri).
- Tam bao: Tam bao Hi Tang bao ve Tam cua thuoc hanh Hoa. Cac bieu hien benh ly nhu tang Tam.
1.2. Tang Can
'" Chuc nang:
- Can chu SO tiet, dieu dat, muu hr.
- Thuc diy heat dong cua khi huyet den moi noi trong co tht.
- Can tang huyet: Co the· hoat dong Can cung clip huyet, khi ngu huyet duoc
:hua lai tai Can. Can khai khieu ra mat, Can nuoi duong can. 1.3. Tang Ty
* Chile nang:
- Ty chu van.hoa thuy thap (chu ve tieu hoa).
- Ty chu co nhuc: Nuoi dircng co nhuc, Neu Ty hu co bap teo nheo, sa
noi tang.
- Ty thong nhiep huyet, gitip huyet di dung trong mach, khong gay xuat huy€t nhu rang huyet, dai tien ra mau ...
- Khai khieu ra mieng vinh nhuan fa moi, 1.4. Tang Phe
* Chile nang:
- Phe chu khi, chu ho hap
- Phe' chu bi mao (da, long), quan 1:9 h~ thong bao ve co the. Neu Phe suy
yeu, co the hay bi earn nhiern va mun nhot.
- Phe chu tuyen giang, thong dieu thuy dao giup cho viec chuyen hoa ruroc
va phan bo dieu hoa mroc trong co the (ket hop voi Ty, Than). - Phe khai khieu ra mui the hien manh yeu a tieng n6i. 1.5. T~ng Th:)n
* Chile nang:
- Than chu ve sl! phat trien va phat due cua co the (Than tang tinh),
- Than chu Thuy: Chu ve su bai tiet ruroc trong co the nhu Tan dich (nuoc
a trang gian te bao), mo hoi, ruroc tieu.
- Than chu cot tuy, tao xucng phat trien M xuong,
- Than sinh tuy, nao 13. be tuy, thong minh hay dan don la do Than,
- Than khai khieu fa tai, chu nhi tien (tien am va hau am), vinh nhuan ra t6c.
2. Cae phu 2.1. Ph" Uinn
- Dam chua tinh chap (mat) va IS. co sa cua long dung cam va su quyet dean.
- Nguoi xua n6i" To gan, Ian mat "de chi nhtrng nguoi gao da dung cam.
- Can Dam c6 quan he Bieu LY. Khi c6 benh a Dam tmrong xuat hien cac
trieu chtrng: yang da, rnieng dang, non mira ra chat dAng.
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2.2. Phil Vj
- Chua dung va nghien mit thirc an va dua xuong Ti€u tnrong.
_ Vi vaTy eo lien quan Bieu ly v6i nhau, giup do eho su van hoa dO an tlnrc uong, nen goi chung la "Goc ella hau thien".
- Vi han: Dau lam ram diroi mo ac, mira mroc trang, reu luoi trang, chat lum
nhat, mach cham «60 lan/phut),
_ Vi nhiet: Mieng hoi, moi do, loi sung dau, con cao an mau d6i, khat OUOC. 2.3. Phii Ti~u trirong
_ Nhan thirc an nr V~ xuong, hap thu phan tinh hoa, phan con lai chuyen xuong Dai tnrong,
_ Khi Tieu twang c6 benh thl SI.! hap tlru chat tinh hoa kern gay fa cac cluing
sau: song phan, ia chay man ... 2.4. Phil Dai trirong
_ Chua dung va bai tier cac chat can bit -, C6 quan h¢ Bieu Ly voi Phe,
_ Khi bi dau quan, m6t ran, dai tien fa mau la Dai twang thap nhiet. 2.5. Phu Bang Quang
- Chua dung va bai tiet nuoc tieu thong qua su khi hoa va su phoi hop voi Tang Than.
_ Neu su khi hoa cua Than khong tot se gay ra dai nit, dai nhieu 1<'10, hoac bi dai,
2.6. Phil Tarn tieu
_ La phu cua noi tang, bao ve phia ngoai cua cac Tang, Phu. _ 06m co: Thuong tieu, Trung tieu, H1;l tieu,
+ Tlurong tieu: Tir eo hoanh len den cd.
+ Trung tieu: Tir ron len den co hoanh,
+ H1;l tieu: Til ron xuong ha vi.
3. Khi,huyet, tinh, than, tan dlch 3.1. Huyet
- Huyet duoc Ty tao ra til tinh hoa cua thirc an, do Tarn cai quan va du tnr o Can.
- Huyet van hanh trong huyet quan nho c6 khf tluic day.
- Huyer hu him: Da xanh, ngiroi yeu, trong ngirc, mAn ngtra, di irng, mun
nhQt.
- Huyet u: Dau nhirc tai mot vi tri, sung nong nhu viem.
- Huyet thoat (xuat huyet): Mau thoat khoi huyet quan diroi nhieu hlnh thai.
3.2. Khi
- Khi la cong nang hoat dong cua eo the, do Tinh, Huyet tao ra. Khi do Phe
lam chu, nap Khi tit ben ngoai vao eo th~ va thai Khi cua co the fa ngoai. - Khi hanh, Huyet hanh, Khi tre, Huyet u.
3.3. Tinh
- Tinh la co sa V~I chat cua co the. Khf va Than deu do Tinh tao ra.
- Tinh lien thien ta bam to cua cha me truyen lai (di truyen).
- Tinh hau thien do tang Ty van hoa III thtrc an, d6 uong,
3.4. Than: Than la thu vo hinh, chi nlnrng hoat dong tinh than, y thtrc va tu
duy ella nguoi tao Than bieu hien su song.
"Con Than thi song, mat Than thl ehel".
Than tot: Tinh tao, linh hoat, mat sang, y tlnrc lot.
Than yeu: Vb mat bo pho, anh mat rna roi, tho 0, lanh dam, y tlnrc roi 10<;1n. Tinh. Khi, Than la ba thii quy nhat (Tam baa) cua su song.
3.5. Tan dich
- Tan dich la cac chat long trang co th~, co tinh chat dinh dirong. Clurc nang chu yeu la him nhu nhuan da thit, lam trcn uot cac khop de cir dong de dang. Von cung mot the nam trong t6 chirc Huyet dich nen thirong goi chung Hi. Tan dich. - Nhiet va Tao lam kho can Tan dich, dung nhieu thuoc e6 V! dang, tinh
nang keo dai cung lam ton hai Tan dich.
TI/ luqng gia
* Tra Idi ng~n cac Call tlr Call 1 den Call 5b~ng each di~n tlr haillc cum tlr thich ht;lp vao chb trong.
1. NgG Tanq gam: Tariq Tam (phu Tam bao ), (A) ... , , ... (8) .. , T~ng Tnan, Tanq Phe.
A .
B .
2. Quan h¢ giila Tanq vdi Phu Is (A) ..... Duong, ...... (8) .....
A ..
B .
25
3. Tf;lng Tam chu .... (A) ... chu cac heat d9ng ve tinh than 103 ndi d cua Than. Chu Than ... (8) ...
A .
B .
4. Tf;lng Can chu (A) thuc d~y heat d9n9 ... (8) ... den moi noi trong co the.
A .
B .
5. T9ng TY chu van hoa do an uong. TY chu ... (A) ... nuoi dl1ang co nhuc. TY thong
huyet giup huyet di .. (B) khong gay xuat huyet ra nqoai
A .
B .
* Phan bi~t dung sai cac cau tu cau 6 den 12 bang each danh dau v vae cc}t A cho cau dung, cc}t B cho cau sai
TT Nc}idung A B
6 Phe co chuc nang tang huyet va nu6i dl1ang din.
7 Than chu sinh due, chu cot tuy, Than chu thuy.
8 86m chua tinh chap ( mat) va 10'.1 cd s6 cua 16ng dOng cam, tfnh
quyet dean.
9 Huyet diroc Can tao ra tlJ tinh hoa cua thuc an.
10 Bang quang 18 noi chua dlfng va bai tiet dlfng rurdc thong qua su
khf hoa va su phoi h9"P vai T9ng Than.
11 Ty va Vi co Hem quan Bieu Ly vai nhau, giup da cho su van hoa
do an thuc uonq. Nen gq1 chung la "Goc cua h$u thien ''.
12 Tan dich 103 chat long trong co the, co trnh chat dinh dl1ang. * Chon 1 cau tra loi dung nhat cho eac cau tlt 13 den cau 18 bang each khoanh tren vao chu cal cac dau cau tra loi dllc;:lC chen
13. Tanq va Phu co moi Hen quan \a:
A. Moi lien quan NgG hann,
B. Moi lien quan trong ngoai.
C. MOi lien quan Am· Duong; Bieu - LY.
D. Moi lien quan Han - Nhlet.
E. Tat ca cac y tren,
26
14. Chuc nang cua Tam bao lac la:
A. Chi co tao dl,Jng bao boc ben nqoai,
B. Chu ve Than chi, su minh man.
C. Chu ve huyet mach.
D. Chu ve thong huyet.
E. n:t ca cac diu tren,
15. Chuc nang ella Huyet trong co th~ la:
A. Van hanh trong huyet quan nho co khf thuc day di nu6i dVBng co the.
B. Lien quan phuc vu cho t<;l.ng Ty.
C. Huyet diroc Ty tao ra tlt tinh hoa cua d6 an, do Tam cai quan va dl,f trir d Can.
D. Huyet gan lien voi SI/ SCI tiet, dieu hoa cua tanq Can.
E. Hit CEt cac y tren,
16. Khi lien quan den su song nhL1 the nao?
A. Qua trlnh trao d6i khi,
B. Nang 1L19n9 hoat d¢ng cua co the.
C. Khi do tinh huyet tao ra.
D. Khf lien quan den qua trlnh tieu hoa cua co the.
E. Hit GEt cac cau tren.
17. Than lien quan den SI.! song 103:
A. Than chi Sl/ heat d¢ng cua con ngL1ai.
B. Than bieu hien d sire khoe doi dao, co bap san chaco
C. Than la thli vo hinh, chi hoat d¢ng tinh than, y tlurc va tv duy cua ngL1Clj tao Than bieu hien su song.
D. Than tham g;a ,vao qua trinh hoat o¢ng ella t<;l.ng TY.
E. Tat ca cac y tren,
18. Tan d[ch la the chat gl trong co the?
A. La cac chat do d6 an thuc uong dem lai. 8. Do Than, Can tao ra.
C. La cac chat long trong co the, co tfnh chat dinh dVBng lam nhu nhuan da thit va lam tron khop,
D. Tan dich do Tam, Ty t90 ra.
E. Tat ca cac y tren.
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Bai srI 4
cAe PHUONG PHAp CHAN DoAN B~NH vA CHUA B£:NH THEO Y HOC .eo TRUYEN
Muc tieu hoc t:)p
1. Trinh bay diroc cac noi dung co ban cua Vong, Van, Van, Thier va chua benh thea Y h9C cd truyen.
2. T6ng hop cac trieu chirng thea Bat cuong.
3. Chi dinh, chong chi dinh Bar phap.
1. T(( chgn Dinh nghia:
Ttl chan la bon phirong phap khai thac cac trieu chirng benh gorn: Vong, Van, Van, Thier kh6ng diroc tach roi nhau va luon b6 sung cho nhau.
1.1. V ong chan
Vong Ia nhln, quan sat bang mat: Than sac, hlnh the, cir dong, mat, moi, da, mieng va hroi cua nguoi benh.
* Xem hroi: Hinh thai - chat lucri - reu Itr0i rnong hay day, mau yang, trang hay den. Liroi nhuan hay kho.
- Than tot: Tinh tao, mat sang, tiep xiic t6t. Than lac: Anh mar da din hoac sang quae, ciroi noi bat thuong.
- Than yeu: Ve mat u, tiep xuc cham chap la do.
- Hien nrong gia than: Benh nang d¢t nhien tinh tao mat sang, minh man 1ft
dall hieu nguy kich, chfnh khi sap thoat - sap nr vong. 1.2. Van chan
- Van chan la nghe va ngiri: Phan, mroc tieu, hoi tho.
- Tieng noi nho yeu va tieng n6i to rnanh Iii thtrc, nghe tieng ho, tieng tho.
- N6i ngong la tning phong.
28
1.3. Van chan
- Van Ia hoi, ngoai nhirng noi dung hoi benh nhu Y hoc hien dai can ph iii hoi d~c thu cua Y hoc 'c6 truyen:
- Hoi ve him nhiet: Cam thay nong hay Ianh?
- Hoi ve mo hoi: S6t co ra rna hoi khong neu khong c6 rno hoi la bieu thuc,
s6t co ra rna hoi la bieu hir.
- TlJ va mo hoi (ll! han) la khf hu.
- Hoi ve dau. Vi trf dau dau, lung, bung, ngirc, nr chi? Dau 6 dau?
- Mire do dau: Am i, dtr doi, dau Ian, dau khu tni, dau xien, dau nhu the nao?
- Thai gian dau?
- Hoi ve an:
+ Thich an nong hay an lanh?
+ C6 them hay chua khong, an co day bung khong? + Mieng dang hay nh •. H?
- Hoi ve ngu? Neu mat ngu thi mat ngu dau giac hay cuoi giac?
- Hoi ve dai tieu tien:
+ Nurre lieu nhieu, it, vang, trong, do?
+ Phan tao hay nhao? Co kh6 di khong? Co mui nhay, mau khong? - Hoi ve kinh nguyet: Tuy theo lira tuoi chu ky, mau sac, thai gian? 1.4. Thi€t chan
* Chu yeu Ia bat mach va so nan.
- Xern mach iJ vi trf dong mach quay:
+ Nhanh hay cham? Tram hay phu? C6 cang khong? - Sa nan:
+ Da kho hay nhuan? Long ban chan, ban tay lanh hay nong? + Sa nan 6 bung xern c6 u CI,IC kh6ng?
- An de tim diem dau nhat cua noi bi benh.
2. Bat ctrcnq: Tam phircng phap chan doan benh thea y hoc c6 truyen
CHUNG TRA-NG BlEU HIE;N TREN LAM SANG
BIEU CHONG Benh con a ben ngoai, benh xuar hien a gan co, xtrong
khop, kinh lac.
Trieu chtrng: Phat sot, so gi6, 5Q lanh, reu luai trang
mong, mach phu, dau dau, dau co ngat miii, ho. 29
LYCHUNG
Benh da a ben trong, benh 6 sau (da vao Ly) - Benh thuoc T'!-ng Phu.
Trieu cluing: SOt cao, khat mroc me sang, chat hroi do, reu iuoi vang, ruroc lieu do, non mila, dau bung, tao bon hoac di Ia chay, mach tram.
Tinh chat bcnh la Han, bieu hien cluing lanh.
Trieu chirng: So lanh, thich am, mieng kh6ng nhat khong khat, sac mat xanh trang bech, chan tay lanh, mroc lieu trong nhieu, dai tien long, chat iuai nhat, reu trang tron trot, mach tram tri.
NHIET CHllNG Tinh chat benh la Nhiet - bieu hien chirng nong am.
I Trieu chtrng: S6t, thfch mat, mat do, chan tay nang am, I
lieu tien I! do, dai tien tao, chat hroi do, reu luai vang,
l mach kho sac.
Duong chtrng bao gorn chirng Thuc va Nhiet chtrng.
Bieu hien: Tinh than hieu dong, tho to tho, chan ray am, sq nong, hao khat, thich mat, tieu tien do it, dai tien tao, narn duoi, mat do, lucri do, mach phu sac heat co IL!c.
DUONG CHUNG
30
3. Nhftng di~m can chu y khi chii'n doim bat cU'dng 3.1. Chung ban Bieu ban Ly
Bi~u hien: Luc sot nang. hie s6t ret. nguc stron day UIe, mieng dang, mat hoa. mach huyen,
3.2. Phan biet "Ghi Him"
- Nhieu truong hop benh Nhiet (chan Nhiet) nhirng bieu hien ra ngoai lit han (gia han) nhu trong benh truyen nhiem. DOc t6 cua vi khuan gay truy mach da xanh rai, chan tay lanh mach nho yeu.
- Nhtrng tnrong hop "Gillian" co chung nhiet xay ra truce hoac dong thai.
- Chung nhiet (chan nhiet): Sot cao, tho tho nong hong mieng kho, reu hroi
vang kho, rat khat, me sang bung day, chuang an dau, ti~u tien it va do, tao bon. - Dong thai co nhirng chirng han (gia han) chan tay lanh nhung khong muon mac ao, dap chan, mach tram tri co lire.
3.3. Phan biet "Gill Nhi¢t"
Han a trong qua manh btrc Duo-ng khi ra ngoai hoac do SI,!' chuyen hoa Am During "Am eire tat Duong, Han cue sinh Nhiet",
- Chung Han (chan Han) dau bung, ia chay, non mira. Chan ray lanh, tu fa mo hoi, noi nho an ft, bung dily ticu tien trong dai, reu luai nhat bong tron, mach nho yeu mach vi.
- Gil Nhiet: Co s6t khat rnroc, vat va, mieng kho co th~ sot cao, co giat. 3.4. Chung Hu ThI!C Ian I(m
chirng) do s6t cao ra mo hoi nhieu, mat tan dich, sut can nhanh, khat mnrc met moi (Hir chirng).
Thii du 2: Benh nhan v6n co benh man tinh, co th~ suy nhiroc lai moi mac benh cap tinh nhu cam mao, nhiern khuan ... Tren benh nhan nay vira co ca clurng thuc Ian chirng htr.
Thay thu6c vira phai dung phep t8. vira dung phep b6 d~ dieu tri, goi la "Cong b6 kiem tr(.
3.5. Chung Am hu • Duong hu
Trang co th~ co Am va Duong: Khi Am hoac Duong bi benh thi bieu hien Am hu hoac Duong hu,
Neu Am hu thi sinh noi nhiet phai dung thUDC dirong Am hay tu Am d~ tri
31
chung hu hoa ben trong.
Neu Duong hu hay dau lung moi g6i, S9 lanh, chan tay lanh, di tinh boac kinh nguyet khong deu, phai dung thu6c on am d~ tro Duong va be> Duong.
4. Bat phap Dinh nghia:
Bat phap Iii Him phuong phap chua benh nharn giJ.i quyet benh t~t thea bat cirong, tam phap d6 la: Han, H~, Hoa, Thanh, On, Tieu, B6.
Clui y: Chong chi dinh cua cac phap dieu tri.
CHUNG TRANG BIEU HltN TREN LAM SANG
--+---------------~------------------------~
PHAP HAN Dung cac thu6c lam cho fa mo hoi. Chua cam mao
phong him, phong nhiet, phong thap, dau day than ki~h ngoai bien, di ung noi ban.
Chii y: Khong dung phap Han khi benh da vao LY.
- Khong dung cho benh nhan dang bi ia chay, mat rnroc.
- Khong dung cho benh nhan W fa mo hoi (nr han).
BAr PHAp
Tam phirong phap chira benh Theo y hoc ct'i truyen,
Dung cac vi thuoc gay non cac cha-t 11 fa ngoai, chira cluing ngo doc tlurc an, do u6ng ...
Chu y: Chi dung khi cac chat con a Vi.
PHApTHO
PHApH~
Dung cac vi thu6e dira cac chat u dong trong co the fa ngoai bang dirong dai tien. C6 the dua rnroc 11 mang bung, mang ph6i fa ngoai bang duong lieu tien, chua cac chimg tao b6n, cd chuong, phi; thiing.
Ch6 y: Khong dung eho chung benh 6 Bieu, va ban Bi~u, ban LY. Khong dung cho nguOi gift, yeu, phu nu sau de, the trang hu chtrng, phI,! nfr c6 thai khong dung phap H~.
PHApHOA
32
Dung cac vi thu6c d~ hoa hoan co the chua cac cluing benh a ban Bieu ban Ly nhu; S6t ret, Can Ty btit hoa, Can ua-t.
Chii y: Khong dung phap Hoa chua benh a Bi~u hay 6 LY·
PHApON
PHAp THANH Dung cac vi thu6c lam cho mat lanh co the. Chua cac cluing Nhiet a phan Ly nhu sot cao, huyet nhiet, di irng, nhiem trung, thap nhict, say nang.
Chu y: Dung than trong voi cac tnrong hop suy nhucc, ia chay keo dai do Ty Vt hu han, an kern, thieu mall.
~------------T-~-----
Dung cac vi thuoc lam tan di, mat di, 13.m mem cac tich
tu trong co the chua cac chirng benh thuoc Thuc chirng
nhu Khi Huyet (r dong, dung hoar huyet hanh khi. Neu Khf uat, Khf nghich thi dung giang Khi.
Chu y: chi dung cho benh Thirc chirng. i Neu Hu chirng phai dung ket hap thuoc bo, kh6ng dung I lieu cao, kh6ng dung cho ngiroi c6 thai.
PHAp TUtU
Dung cac vi thuoc lam am n6ng co th~. Chua chung lanh a phan Ly nhir: Ty Vi hu han, ia chay do lanh Dai truong, dai twang hu han.
Chu y: Khong dung phap On trong tnrong hop truy mach ngoai bien (chan Han gia Nhiet) do nhiern doc.
- Khong dung cho ngiroi Am hir, Huyet hir.
- Khong dung cho ngiroi co chirng nhiet gay chay mall.
PHAp 80
TI/ Iw;mg gia
Dung cac vi thuoc boi bo nang cao chlnh khf eho ca the. Chua cac chung Am, Duong, Khf, Huyet hu.
Chii y: Den cong nang cua Ty, Vi, Lieu dung vim phai, ' lau dai, cong b6 kiern tri cho benh nhan yeu dang mac benh.
* Tra loi ng~n cac Call hI Call 1 den Call 3 bang each dien tu hoac e .... m tu thich hqp vito cho trong
1. Tu chan gam: (A) .. , Van, .. (8) ..... , thiet
A ..
8 .
2. Sat phap la : Han, Th6, (A) , Hoa, On, Thanh, ... (8) ... , B6.
* Phan bi~t dung sa; cae cau tlr cau 4 den cau 12 bang each danh dau V vito c9t A cho cau dung, cQt 8 cho cau sal:
rr NQidung A B
4 Bi~u chUng: la benh xuat hien a gan co, xironq khop, kinh lac.
S Ly chUng: 103 oenh thuoc Tanq Phu.
6 Han chUng: So lanh, thtch am, rnienq kh6ng nhat kh6ng khat, sac
rna! xanh !rang bech, chan tay lanh, rnroc ti€lu !rong nhieu, dai tien
long, chat Iuai nhat, reu trang trcn uO!, mach tram trio
7 Hu ehUng: La do chfnh khi suy, su phan Ctng vbi lac nhan gay
benh yeu.
8 Thuc chUng: Bieu hi$n chinh khi suy nhiroc, su phan Ung vol lac
nhan gay b$nh yeu.
..
9 Phap Han: Dung cac thu6c lam cho ra ma h6i.
10 Phap H9-: Dung cac vi thu6c gay n6n ra nqoai.
~ Phap 6n: Chua chUng 19-nh a phan Ly nhu :Ty Vi hu han, ia chay
11
do lanh Dai trudng, f)9-i trudng hu han.
12 Phap Tieu: kh6ng dung cho benh Thirc chUng. * Chon 1 cau tra Idi dung nhat cho cac cau tlI cau 13 den cau 17 bang each khoanh tren vito chu cal cac dau cau tra Idi dll~c chen,
13, Chung ban Bieu - ban Ly la:
A. l.uc s6t nong, luc s6t ret.
B. Ngl,lc sUon day tUC.
C. M9-ch huyen.
D. Mach tram nhuoc,
E. Hit ca cac cau tren,
14. Chung Nhii;!t 103:
A. S6t cao, reu luar vang, mach sac. B, Thich a'm, chan tay lanh.
C. Tieu li~n nhi~u Ian.
D. Dau bunq, roi loan lieu hoa.
E. Tat ca CaG y tren.
34
3(T) - 192
15. Chlfng HEm:
A. so lanh.
8. Chat iljoi nhat, reu I uBi trang tron uat.
C. M9Ch tram tri.
D. Da] ti$n tao, ti4u ti$n trong dai.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren.
16. Phap Han la:
A. ChUa cac cherng benh da vao phan LY.
B. Kh6ng dung cho b$nh nhan dang b] ia chay, mat ruroc.
C. Dung cho benh nnan tv han.
D. Dung cho benh nhiln gia yeu, phu nlt e6 thai. E . Tat ca cac y tren,
17. Phap Hoa:
A. Dung cac v! thucc d4 hOB hoan co th4. 8. ChCta cac chU'ng b$nh ban Bieu ban LY.
C. Dung cho nhCtng nglidi Am hl1, Huyet hLi.
D. Dung cho tre em sot cao.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren,
35
Chuang 2
cAe PHUONG PHAP DrnU TRI KHONG DUNG THU6C .
Bili so' 5
DAI CUONG VE KINH LAC V A HUYET. CACH xAc DINH VI TRI . V A T Ac Dl,lNG eVA· MOT so HUY~T THONG TH·UON(;
1. Trinh bay duoc dinh nghia kinh lac va huyet vi.
2. K6 ten va huang di khai quat cua 12 duong kinh, mach nham va mach d6c.
3. Trinh bay diroc vi trf, lac dung cua 50 hUY9t thea 5 vung co the.
1. H~ kinh lac 1.1. Dinh nghla
Kinh lac la mot bo phan iy luan cua Y hoc co truyen, chi dao cac khau chan
doan benh, dieu tri benh, d~c bi~t ia dieu tri bang cham ciru. 1.2. Cau true va tac dung cua h~ kinh lac
- Kinh III nhirng dirong thang chay doc co the.
- Lac la nhirng dirong thang chay ngang co the.
- Kinh lac n6i tiep nhau tao thanh mot mang luci chay khap co the, noi cac
Tang Phil, cac bo phan trong co the voi nhau tao thanh mot khoi thong nhat. - Miroi hai duong kinh chinh mang ten cac Tang, Phu,
- Kinh lac phan b6 ra roan than la dirong van hanh cua Am Duong.
1.3. Huang di khai quat cua rmrot hai duang kinh chinh va hai mach Nham va Doc
- Ba kinh Am a lay: Phe, Tarn, Tarn bao co huang di tir trong ngirc fa dau ngon tay.
- Ba kinh Duong a lay: Dai tnrong, Ti~u tnrong, Tam lieu c6 huang di tir dau
36
cac ngon tay di van nguc, mat,
- Ba kinh Am a chan: Ty, Than, Can c6 huong di tir ban chan len tan cung 6 bung, nguc.
- Ba kinh Duong a chan: VL Bang quang, Dam c6 huang di tir mat xuong va tan cung 6 dau cac ngon chan.
- Mach Nham: Chay doc phia tnroc cua co th~, co hirong di tir diroi len tren (tit giita tang sinh mon den gifra dirong nhan trung).
- Mach Doc: Chay doc phia sau co th~ (tir giira dirong nhan trung qua dinh dau den dau xtrong cut).
2. Sd do mU'di hai dU'dng kinh
Mat
Sa kinh Am a tay
Ba kinh Duong a tay
NgL!C
Ban tay
Ba kinh Am a chan
Ba kinh Duong a chan
Ban chan
Hinh 3: Sa do duang di eua cdc duang kinh
3. Huy~t vi 3.1 Dinh nghia
Huyet la mot di~m nam mat da. Huyet co th~ nam tren cac dirong kinh hay nam ngoai dirong kinh va tren dtrong lac,
3.2 Tac dung cua huyet
+ Dam bao sl! tuan hoan cua Khi Huyet.
37
+ Lien he chat che can ngirci voi thien nhien,
+ C6 khoang 371 huyet nam tren dirong kinh va khoang 200 huyet nam ngoai duong kinh. Chung ta chi hoc 50 huyet hay Slr dung de chua cac benh thong thirong.
+ A thi huyet khong c6 vi trf co dinh chi xuat hien khi bi benh (la diem
dau nhat tai vung bi benh),
4. each xac djnh huy~t 4.1. Thou dong than
Nguoi benh cham duu ng6n tay cai va ng6n giira lam thanh vong tron khoang each gifra t~n cling cac Jan chi ella dot hai den dot ba ng6n tay giua Iii mot than (Hinh 'Ie 4a).
Than la don vi do de X8.c dinh huyet, thon co chieu dai tuy thuoc ngtroi cao hoac thap.
- Chieu ngang Ian chi ngon cai la mot th6n (hlnh ve 4b).
- Chieu ngang bon ngon do alan chi dot hai ng6n tro Jii ba thon.
(hinh ve 4c).
- Hai chieu ngang Ian chi dot mot ng6n tro va ngon giira la 1.5 tnon. 4.2. Dua van nhtmg moe giai phau ella co th~
VI du: - Huyet con Ion (1 diem giira dirong n6i dinh milt ca ngoai va bo
trong gan got, d6i dien huyet thai kne a trong.
- Thfnh cung a cho 16m triroc va chan blnh tai. 4.3. SiJ nan de tim huyet
Thay thuoc dung ngon tay an tim diem dau (a thi huyet).
1tac H
,
,
, ,
3 tric
a. DQ dai 1 thon h. Be rong 1 dot c. Be rong 4 dot ngon tay
ngon tay ca! bang 1 thon bang 3 thon
Hinh 4: Dan vi de" xdc dinn huy¢t Iii thon
38
5. T6n9 huy~t cua 6 vung co th~
5.1. Hop c6c la tong huyet vung dau, mat cd.
5.2. Liet khuyet HI. tong huyet vung gay, hau hong va chi tren. 5.3. Noi quan 13 tong huyet vung thuong tieu.
5.4. Tuc tam I)! 13. tong huyet vung truog tieu va chi duoi. 5.5. Tam am giao 13. tong huyet vung ha tieu,
5.6. Uy trung la t60g huyct lung va thin lung.
6. Vi tri va tac dl.mg dieu tr] cua 50 huy~t thlldng dung thea bing
~
vung co the
6.1. V] trt va tac dung huyet vung dau mat c6
ITT - TE'N HUVET' V~ TRI HUYj):T T Ac D1)NG I)IEU TRI
~--. r----------.I------------,,- ,,-,,-
I I Bach h(>i L~. gi,~o?itm .ha~ dirong Dau dau, mat ngu, tri,
no: hal dinh tal va dtrong lei rom, doc chirng sa.
I gifra song maio I
-'2-r--An duong Di~m giCta dau trong hai Ngat rniii, chay ma~l
cung long may. c~m, dau d~u vung tran,
tre em co giat.
13 Tmh minh Cho 16m each g6c trong Li~t day than kinh VII, 1
rni mat do len trcn 2 mm. chap leo, viern tuycn le, I
viem rnang tiep hop.
I Thai duong Sau du6i mat mot tac, sat Dau dau, dau rang, cac
bo tren " tiep xU'ong benh ve mat (vicm rnang
mom
thai dirong. tiep hop, glocorn, ...
gram I
thi lire).
5 Nghinh Tren duong canh mui, noi Viem mui d~ ling, ng<;\tl
huang g~p ranh mi.ii mieng. mfii, chay mroc mui,
chay mau cam liet day
than kinh VII.
6 Nhan trung 1/3 phia tren ranh nhan Clip ciru ngat, truy tim
trung. 0 mach, co giat tre em, liet
day than kinh VII.
7 Giap xa Phia tnroc g6c xU'o~g ham Liet day VII cung ham,
diroi mot khoat can chat dau rang ham diroi.
rang, huyet nam 6 dinh
eao nhat ella co nhai. 39
8
E phong
Ch6 16m gifra xmrng ham Liet day VII, dau mat diroi va xirong chum, ap dau rang, benh ve tai sat dai tai vao ranh c6 (viem ruyen mang tai, ham, dinh dai tai a dau la diec, u tai).
huyet ado.
9
Phong trt
Til khe xirong cham va c6 Dau vai gay, tang huyet I (Cl ) do ngang ra hai ap, cam mao, nhirc dau, thon, huyet nam 6 cho co hoa mat, ch6ng mat, dau 16m co thang, co tic don mat do, s6t cao,
chum va xtrong cham,
Thinh cung
10
40
Cho 16m tnroc va a gifra Liet day VII, u tai, viern chan binh tai. M. mieng tuyen mang tai, diec.
lay huyet .
. . .#IIft"!!/" f ,4i\.~~1@L~ 1inh
q\. minh
Nghinh huang ---.
.------1- Nhan trung
Hinh 5. Huyet vung ddu, mat, cd.
6.2. Vi tri va tac dung huyet vung bung, nguc
vr TRI HUYI;:T TAc Dl)NG DIEU TR~
TT
Ch8 16m sat bo tren Dau hong, mat tieng, xirong UC. khan ticng, q nac, hen xuyen,
Thien dot
1
Diem gitra dirong n6i Dau ngirc, kh6 tha, nai mim vti, tren hen xuyen, nac, It sua. duang ngang qua
Dau da day, q chua, non mira, ia long, day hoi, an cham tieu. bung chirong.
3
Thing diroi ron 1,5 th6n tren duong gifra bung,
Khi hai
Dau quanh ron, cac benh ve sinh due va kinh nguyet : Dai dam, suy nhuoc co the, ha huyet ap.
4
Thing dum ron ba thon tren dirong gitta bung.
Chua cac benh vc sinh due va tiet nieu, b6 roan than, cap CUll truy tim mach.
Quan nguyen
.5
T:1c tia sua. ft sua, dau ngirc, dau day than kinn lien suon.
Nam khe lien siren v, bo tren xirong siren VI tren duong
Nhfi can
6
mim vu.
Til ron do ngang ra Dau bung quanh ron, hai thon, soi bung, ia chay, chu6ng bung.
Thien khu
7
Dau chat
siren XI
Chuong rnon
xuong Dau mang suon, kern an, day chuang bung,
8
41
Num vii ---+---\--4t---'~~~~~;:f--t------ Dan rrung
"-.j~-+------ nhii can
Khf hai
Chuang mon
R6n
Hinh 6. Huvet vung nguc, bung
6.3. Vi tri va tac dung huyet vung lung vai
rT ~ .. TEN HUYl!:T VITRIHUyltT T Ac Dl,lNG DI~U TRI
1 D~i truy Narn sat duoi mom gai dot Dau c6 gay, dau dau, cam
song c6 VII (el). cum, sot cao, tiet dich phe
1-- l---- .. ----------- quan, bo co the.
_---_--_.- -_---------------
2 Kien tinh La giao diem cua duong noi Dau c6 gay, dau vai, dau
nr huyct dai truy den dinh canh tay khong gio len
cao ohat cua kh6p cling vai diroc, dau lung tren, lac tia
don va dirong thing tit mim sua, dau vu,
vu len.
3 Phong rnon Duoi mom gal dot song Dau dau, cung gay, cam mao,
lung hai (D2) do ngang ra 56!, ho, nong trong nguc, 01u
1,5 thon, phbng cam mao,
4 Ph€du Duai mom gai dot song Dau lung, cling gay, veo
lung (D3), do ngang ra c6, ho ra mau, hen suyen,
I,S than. leo mat (chich mali), m6
hoi trom,
5 Can du Duai mom gai dot song Dau mat, hoa mat, chong
lung IX (D9), do ngang ra mat, dall tuc sub"n nguc,
1,5 thon. Yang da.
---_. - ----- 42
6 Ty du DlfOi mom gal dot s6ng Dau da day, day chuang
lung XI (Dll), do ngang ra b~ng, kern an, ia long, an
1,5 thdn, cham tieu, vang da.
7 Than du Duoi mom gai d6t s6ng that Dau that lung, U tai, hoa
lung I1 (L2), do ngang ra mat, dau vang, di mong
1,5 th6n. tinh, benh vf._ sinh due va
tiet nieu, phu thfing.
S D~i truong du Diroi mom gai d6t song that Dau that lung, day than
lung IV (L4), do ngang ra kinh toa, bai li~t chi duoi,
1,5 thon. soi chuong bung, ia long,
tao bon, kier 1):'.
9 Holm khieu Di~m n6i 1/3 ngoai va 2/3 Dau khop hang, dau than
trong cua dtrong n6i tir gai kinh tea, bai li[;t chi duoi,
xuong cut IV (S4) voi mau
chuyen Ion xuong dui,
10 Truong cuong Dau xirong cut. T6, sa true trang, pham phong,
1 1 Glap tlch Duoi mom gai dot song do ra Dau than kinh lien SUO'll,
hai ben 1/2 th6n (ttl CI den L5). dau than kinh song Iung. Truong cuong
---oc----Kien tinh
----Kit:n ngung
r---+---I--1'Y du .---tr-___,,_-- Can du
..... --+---- Than du ..... --+-- ~ tnrong du
Hoan khieu
Hinh 7: Huy¢! vung vai, lung
43
6.4. V~ tri va tac dung huyet chi tren
2
Khuc trl
TT TEN HUY~T v~ TRI HUY¢T
- ! Dang ngang eanh' tay huyet
Kien ngung i a h0m tr,en d~nh vai: p~ia tnrae morn cung val don.
TAc DUNG DIEl.) TRI
, , --'---
Dau vai, bai liet chi tren,
Gap khuyu tay 90° huyet 6 Dau cang, canh tay, vai,
dau ngoai nep Ian khuyu liet chi tren, sot cao, mun
tay. nhot, man ngua, di irng.
~~~ __ ~ ~ __ ~ ~~ __ ~ ~~ __ ~~C ____
, Duoi huyet khuc tri hai Bai liet chi tren, dau nlurc
3 I Thu tam I' : tho,n veplua cU~g tay (noi II c~, val, da~ bung non mila,
I I II' Y khuc tri va huyet thai nac, say tau xe.
---+--- uyen).
r-·- I ------ Narn each mom chan qua-y--I-H--1-S-0"'-t,-cl-a-u-dng lay, cl--;U--r
14 I _Li~1 khuyel 1,5 than ve phia cang tay. Cel ray, dau vai gay, hau, I
_ hong,
Khe hap eel lay, bo t~:ong Hen xuy~n-,-h-o,-h~ ra mau,-
Thai uyen gan co, duoi ngon cai phia viem thanh quan. ngoai dong mach quay (morn cham quay).
~--,-----------+
i Cuoi Ian chi co tay, huyet Mat ngu, haX quen. Dau
6 : Than mon narn 6 cho lorn gan xuong vung tim, hoi hop.
I tru va xuong dau, bo ngoai gan co tru truce.
7
Nqi quan
Khep chat ng6n tro va Chua de chirng berth vung ngon cai, huyet 6 cho CO I mat, dau mat, ~i~t mi mat, n6i cao nhat lech ve ngon ngat rniii , chay mau cam, tro. dau rang ham duoi, liet
mat, dau hong, viern sung Amidan, sot cao khong ra rna hoi, hoac ra quit nhieu, sot ret.
6 Thai dUClng: Diem giiJa hai d§u trong cung 16ng may,
7 Giap xa: Cho 16m gi[(a xuClng ham duai va XUC.lng chum, an dai tai
i xu6ng ranh tai dau 121 huyet a do,
A
B
i Khi hal: ._--_--_. -- I--
8 Th~ng duoi ron 1,5 th6n tren duong giiJa bung.
9 Thien dot Diem gilia dUdng noi hai nurn vu .
10 Dai truy: Nam sat dudi mom gai dot song co VII (C 1).
,- f---- ----
11 Phe du: Bot song lung D 2 do ngang fa 1,5 than.
12 T Y du: Duoi mom gal d6t 56ng tung XI (011). do n gang ca 1 ,5 th~
13 Th$n du: OlliJl morn gal dOt sang !hilt lung II (l2), do "!lang ra 1,5 then. -=-t- ~
14 Thu tam Iy: Diroi huyet khuc tri hai then ve phfa cang tay,
15 Than rnon: Cuoi Ian chi ~8 tay, huyet narn a cho 16m gan wo'ng -- T--
tru va xuon g da u, bo n goa i gEm Co' tru tnroc. r-
16 NQi quan: Tu Ian chi co lay do len 2,5 than giiJa hai ga.n Co' ban tay.
17 TOc Tam I)r: Tv huy$t doc ty do xuong duo] hai than.
Tam am giao: Blnh mat ca do th~ng len ba than sat bd sau XLJ'clng chay, ,.-
18 ; "Ch<;m 1 C3U tra 10-1 dung nhat cho cae C3U tlt 19 den 22 bang each khoanh tr6n vao chO' cai cac dau cau tra lC1i dll<;lc chon,
19. A. 8a kinh am a lay la: Phe, Tam, Can,
S. Sa kinh duc:!ng 0 lay la: Dai tnronq, TiElu truong va Than,
C. Sa kinh duong a chan 113: V[, Bang quang, Bam.
D. Mach Nham quan Iy cac kinh duong.
E. Mach Doc chay a phia tnroc cua ngi/c.
48
20. A. Tong huyet cua vung trung tieu va chi dLfOi 11'1: Tam am giao.
B. T6ng huyet cua vung gay. hau, honq va chi tren 11'1: N9i quan.
C. Tong hUy$t cua vung ha tieu 11'1: Uy trung.
D. Tong huyet cua vung dau mat, co 1<'1: Hop coc.
E. Tat ca cac y tren,
21. A. Bach h¢li chira dau dau, cam mao, tang huyet ap,
B. Giap xa chira dau vai gay, cao huyet ap, cam rnao.
C. Thien dot chila viern tuyen vu, tac tia sera.
D. NhO can c6 tac dl,Jng an than.
E. Phe du chira tang huyet ap.
22. A. Huyet Than du nam d d6t song l2 sang ngang 3 than.
B. HUY$! Kien ngung nam cuoi nep Ian khuyu tay.
C. Huyet Thap tuyen nam d dlnh ella 10 dau ng6n lay.
D. Huyet Thai uyen nam d chfnh giCta Ian chi co tay,
- MQt so huyet cam cham: Ron, mim vu, thop tre em, huyet phong phu (0 gifra xirong chAm va c6 mot), a man va each khe dot c6 I va c6 II do ra nira thon. - Than rrong khi cham - crru huyet:
+ Liem ruyen: 6 gura diroi sun giap.
+ Nhan trung: 1/3 phia tren duong ranh mui rnoi.
5. Cac tai bien cua cham • ecru
5.1. Vung cham (S6c, say kim) la tai bien hay g4P can xu tri nhanh.
* Nguyen nhdn: La do so hai cac mach mau co that gay thieu mau 6 nao. * Trieu chung: Nhe da tai dan c6 cam giac non nao, choang vang toat mo
hoi, chan tay lanh. Neu nang c6 cam giac kh6 tho; buon non, ra mo hoi tran, mat tri giac, ngat xiu, mach nho, yeu kho bat, chan tay lanh, huyet ap rut.
* XlI IrE:
- Truong hop nhe.
+ Dat benh nhan nam dau thap. + Rut her kim.
+ Cho uong che duong nang, nam nghi 10 phut den 15 phut, narn tranh gi6 1 ira,
+ Day huyet nhan trung, nang cao hai chan, xat n6ng long ban tay, ban chan, cho u6ng nuoc che dirong n6ng c6 girng ... narn nghi 30 phut,
- Truong hop nang,
+ Tiem thuoc tro tim va chuyen ngay toi khoa hoi sire cap ciiu. 5.2. Cham VaG mach mall
- Khi cham cac huyet gan mach mau Ian khong diroc ve kim.
- Khi rut kim mau chay cho cham dung bong kho day earn mau.
- Neu mau chay tu lai ben trong gay dam bam tim chirom nang se tan dan.
5.3. Cham vito nQi tang
- Khong cham sau cac huyet khi nam sat phil tang.
- Khi cham vao phil tang rut kim fa ngay va chuyen khoa hoi sue cap ciru.
5.4. Cham vao than kinh
- Khi cham vao day than kinh benh nhan nhir thay dien giat doc theo duong di cua than kinh. Khong diroc tien kim, ve kim, rut kim rna Iuu kim lai khi lam thu rhuat b6 - til.
52
5.5. Tai bien do kim
- Kim bi rmit chat do co co rnanh hoac benh nhan thay d6i tu th€ khi dil cham.
Xu tri: Dua benh nhan ve ur the cu, bam kich thich manh vung quanh kim, sau do rut kim.
- Kim gay do bi gi cho tiep giap can va than kim.
Xu trf: Neu g~y ho dau kim con 19 r~ ngoai da, dung panh k9P rut kim. Neu dau kim gay sat bang mat da dung hai ngon tay an manh da 0 hai ben dau kim gay d~ kim nho len roi dung k9P 16i ra. Neu kim narn chim sau trong da can garo tren cho gay chuyen sang ngoai rach gap.
5.6. Bong: Sau khi CtIU neu cho ctru n6i n6t phong phai de phong nhiem khuan, phai xu trf nhir bong.
Khong ciru nhieu huyet mot hie, Theo d6i sat benh nhan ctru khi ctru bang m6i ngai chan khong thay dbi tu the. Khi ciru xong can dap tat hoan roan m6i ngai de tranh khong hoa hoan,
5.7. Nhlem trimg do thuj cham
Xu 19: Nhu tai bien ap-xe trong tiem bap.
6. Thu thu~t be) - ta ap dl:ln9 trong cham
Thl't thuat 86 Til
Thora Cham kim vao .. -
Rut kim fa
Hit vao Rut kim ra Cham kim VaG
Duong kinh Xuoi dirong kinh N giroc dtrcng kinh
Cirong 0(> Khong ve kim Rung, ve kim 3' - 7' IItin
Thai gian 20'-30' 15' -20'
Rut kim Nhanh Tu tu
Bit 16 chan kim De ha 16 chan kim 7. Thu thu~t cham 7.1. Goc di) ella kim
- Cham ngang: Kim va mat da tao goc 150 cham dau, mat, tran, noi chi co da va co co mongo
- Cham xien: Kim va mat da tao g6c 45°, thuong cham a vung bung, nguc.
- Cham thang: Kim va mat da tao g6c 90°, thirong cham a vung situ.
Cam giac diIc khi bieu hien Iuong klch thich den nguong tac dung, Cham khong dac khi thi chua dat toi ket qua dieu tri t6i da.
- v« phia thay thu6c: Khi tien kim cam thay co lire gifr kim lai khong long leo va thay mau da quanh kim cham thay dOi.
- v« phia nguoi benh: - C6 cam giac cang nrc noi cham (khong phai la dau buot).
- Khi tien kim den d¢ sau qui dinh rna van chua dac khf can lam nhirng thu thuat sau:
+ Ve kim, mo co tang kfch thfch.
+ Cho mot Iat ve kim hoac bung can kim hoac gai can kim, neu van chua dik khi thi lam lai nhieu Ian.
Hlnh ll: Cae thao tac cham kim
54
7.4. Luu kim theo thu thuat b6 tit 7.5. Rut kim theo thii thuat b6 tit
7.6. Thu thuat b6 tit ap dung trong cham coo (xem bang tren), 7.7. Nguyen Hic
* Hir thl bo, thuc thl ta.
* Hir han thl cuu, thuc nhiet thl cam ciru. * Th~ hir him phai cham b6 va ket hop ciru,
* Th~ thirc nhiet phai cham ta, khong duoc cuu,
* Neu th~ trang han mac benh nhiet cham binh b6 - binh tit
* Neu th~ trang hay th~ benh On luang (khong n6ng, khong lanh) phai cham
binh bel - blnh ta hoac On cham.
8. Thu thu~t cuu
8.1. Che moi ngiti va diell ngiti
Lay la ngai kho vo nat loai bo canh cu6ng. Ph tin con lai: ngai nhung.
- Lam m6i ngai: Dung 3 dau ng6n tay cai, tr6 va gitra, dum mot hrong ngai nhung bang dau ng6n lay sua thanh hlnh thap r6i d~t tren mot lat girng.
- Lam dieu ngai dung giay ban hoac giay tham khong d~ lai tan cling, cuon ngai nhung thanh nhtrng dieu to han dieu thu6c la, dirong kinh khoang Icm, dai 8 - 10 cm.
8.2. Thao tac coo
* Cuu 16t dum moi ngdi.
CUu. m6i ngai: D~t m6i ngai va hit girng len huyet vi, dung diem d6t chay moi ngai. Khi benh nhan thay n6ng thl lot them mot lat girng moi, khi m6i ngai chay het cam ca hit girng len, gat tan va Hun m6i ngai tiep lien tuc den khi nao dat yeu cau, Trung binh ba m6i ngai cho m6i mot Ian ciiu 30 phut, D6i voi nguoi gia thai gian ciru lau han.
* CU'u dieu ngdi: Dung dieu ngai da cham lira he len nuyet d§. xac dinh can CUu each mat da lcm, thoi gian m6i huyet 3 phut,
8.3. Ky thuat ph6i hop cham - CUll
Tren mot benh nhan c6 th~ dung phuong phap cham va CUu, goi la On cham.
C6 huyet cham c6 huyet ciru:
55
Vi du: Chua benh nhirc dau do thieu mau,
Cham cac huyet vung dau chua nlurc dau (chua trieu chirng ngon).
Ctru huyet Cach du, Cao hoang chua thieu rnau (chua nguyen nhan goc),
9. On cham
- Dung kim cham van huyet.
- Dung moi ngai ho n6ng len can kim truyen sire nang qua kim vao huyet,
lam n6ng noi cham.
C(ru lot
Dieu ngai
Hinh 12. Cac each dIU ngdi
56
TI! ILtqng gia
" Tra loi ngan cac cau tlt cau 1 den cau 3 bang each di~n tit hoac cum nr thich hc;1P vao ch6 trong:
1. Cham 1<3: (A) cuu 18: (8) ....
A .
B .
2. Tac dl,mg cua cham - cuu 18: (A) "., (8) ..
A "
B .
3. Nguyen tac cham - ciru 18:
A .
B .
C .
D .
" Phan bj~t dung sai cac cau tlt 4 den 8 bang each danh dau v vao c9t A cho diu dung, c9t B cho cau sai:
TT N¢idung I A _~. B._
4 Cham cuu chua dau dau, mat ngu, sot cao.
f-----.--
5 Cham chira duqc b~nh t~ng huyet ap,
6 Cham cuu de cap cUu cho benh nhan,
7 C6 the cham vao ron benh nhan,
8 C6 the cham te de m5. " Chc;m 1 cau tra fdi dung nhat cho cac cau tit cau 9 den cau 12 biing each khoanh tron vao chu cal dau cau tra ICti dU'<1c chen,
9. NhCr'ng tai bien cua cham ceu la:
A. Vl,ll1g cham.
B. Cham vao mach mau,
C. Cham VEiO n9i t~ng.
D. Gay kim.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren.
10. Thu thuat cham b5 co d~c diem:
57
A. Ve kim.
B. Rut kim tv tv.
C. Cham ngU't;1c dU'ang kinh.
D. Cham xuoi dU'ong kinh.
E. Hit ca cac y tren.
11. Cam giac dac khi a ngU'i'1i thay thuoc la:
A. Thay dau 0 no; cham.
B. Thay co hrc gilt kim lai kh6ng long leo.
C. Thay rnau da quanh kim cham thay d6i.
D. Hoi cam qiac thay b$nh nhan de ch!U.
E. Tat ca cac y tren,
12. A. Tai bien cua cham cw: Bong, soc, gay kim, chay rnau,
B. Ch6ng chi dlnh cGa cham cuu cac b$nh t6n thLfdng thuc th~.
C. chi d!nh cua cuu: Benh nhan t~ng huyet ao,
D. £)U'<;,c cham VElO vung r6n va dau vu,
E. Tat ca cac y tren.
58
Hili s{/ 7
CONG THU'CHUYET VI
CHUA MQT s6 B~NH THONG THVciNG BANG CHAM COO
Trinh bay dtroc cong tlurc huyet dieu tri mot s6 benh thong thuong,
1. £)au dau - Chi dinh:
+ Dau dau do cam mao.
+ Dau dau mat ngu do suy nhiroc than kinh, + Dau dau do huyet ap cao.
- Cong thuc huyet:
+ Dau vung tran va dinh dau: Huyet bach hoi, an duong, thai duong, hop c6c. + Dau tll' dinh dau Ian den gay: Bach hoi, phong trl, liet khuyet, neu u tai them huyet thinh cung.
2. £)au day than kinh hong to (Than kinh tea) - Chi dinh :
+ Dau day thttn kinh hong to.
+ Bai chi dum, thap kh6'p chi duaL
- Cong thirc huyet ;
+ Dai tnrong du (2 ben), hoan khieu.
+ Dau day thAn kinh toa them: Uy trung, con 16n. duang lang tuyen.
+ Neu bai chi diroi hoac thap khop them: D¢c ty, buyer hai, a th] huyet.
3. liiftt m~t * Chi dinh:
- Li¢t day than kinh s6 VII ngoai bien.
- Liet mat do tai bien mach mau nao.
* Cong thirc huyet:
59
'- Cham tai cho: Cham xuyen huyet: + Tir toan true xu6ng tinh minh.
+ Tir thai duong sang dong ti'r lieu. + Tir dia thuong sang giap xa.
- Cham huyet: Nhan trung, nghinh huang.
- Cham huyet xa: Hop coc ben d6i dien.
4. C~t con dau da day - Chi dinh:
+ Dau vung thuong vi Ian sang mang stron va xuyen fa sau lung, q hoi,
q chua.
+ Dau vung thuong vi lien mien am i. - Cong thirc huyct:
+ Trung quan, noi quan, tuc tam I.Y, duong lang tuyen. + Ncu q hoi nhieu them: Khi hili.
5. Hen phe quan - Chi dinh
+ Cl.t can hen ph€ quan. - Cong thirc huyet :
+ Khi c6 can: Thien dot, khuc tri, phong long, nic tam 19, noi quan. + Sau con: Thien dot, phe du, ty du, than duo
6. Tang huyet ap - Chi dinh:
+ Huyet ap tang han rrurc blnh rhirong. - Cong thtrc huyet:
+ Bach hoi, phong tri, an duong, thai dirong, thai xung, noi quan, noi dinh, than mon, tuc tam ly, tam am giao.
7. Cac b~nh va sinh d .... c va tiet ni~u - Chi dinh:
+ Dai dam, dai buot, dai fat: Quan nguyen, tam am giao, than du va day
60
huyet trung eire,
+ Kinh nguyet khong deu thong kinh: Huyet hai, khi hai, tuc tam 1y, quan nguyen, tam am giao, than duo
TI! hJqng gia
" Tra loi ng~fm cac Call tU Call 1 den 3 bang each dien ttl hoac cum ttl thich hc;fp vao cho trong:
1. Chi djnh crura berth dau dau .. (A) ... mat ngu do suy nhiroc , ... (8) ... do huyet ap cao.
A , .
8 , .
2. Chi d[nh chira dau day than kinh hong to: Dau than kinh hong to (A) (8)
....... chi duaL
A ..
B .
3. Chi dinh chiJa Ii~t mat: l.iet day than kinh s6 (A) nqoai bien hoac do tai bien
....... (B) ....
A, ,', .
8 ".
" Phan bi~t dung sai cac Call ttl 4 den 9 bang each danh dau v vao cQt A cho Call dUng, cc?t B cho cau sai:
TT NQidung A B
Trong li~t day than kinh 86 VB nqoai bien, khi cham huyet hop c6c ,
4 phai cham ben d6i di¢n.
5 Dau bai chi duai, khap g6i chan.
HUY$t: Dai truong du, hoan khieu, uY trung.
6 Dau da day cham cac huy$t: Thien d9t, khuc trl, phe duo
7 Tang huyet ap cham cac huy~t Bach h9L phong trl, thai xung, n9i
dlnh, n9i quan, than mon,
8 Di~u tr! kinh nguyet kh6ng deu. Cham cac huyet: Huyet hai, kh( haL
tuc tam Iy, quan nguyen, tam am giao, than duo
g Trong con hen phe quan cham cac huyet: Thien d9t. knuc tri,
phong long, tuc tam \y, n¢i quan. 61
* ChQn 1 cau tra loi dung nhat cho cac cau tU' cau 10 den 12 bAng each khoanh tron vao cac chfr cai dau cau tra loi du<;,c chon:
10. Cong thirc huyet chira cat con dau da day:
A- Trung quan, noi quan, tuc tam 1'1, dLldng I~ng tuyen. B - Khf hai, quan nguyen, trung eire, huyet hai.
C - Than du, dai tnronq du, an man, uy trung.
o - Kien tlnh, kien ngung, khuc trl, thap tuyen.
E - Tat ca cac cong truro tren deu dung.
11. Conq thirc huyet dieu tri cac b~nh ve tiet nieu:
A - Quan nguyen, tam am giao, than duo B - Tuc tam 1'1, bach hoi, thai xung.
C - N¢i quan, than man, phong trl,
o - Ban trung, trung phu, a th] huyet, E - Hit ca cac 'I tren,
12. Cham ciru dieu tr] benh theo phac do sau:
A - Huy$t tai eha.
B - Huyet toan than. C - T6ng huyet,
o - Huyet a thi.
E - Tat ca cac 'I tren.
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Riti so' 8
XOA BOP BAM HUytT
CHUA MOT s6 BtNH THONG THtrONG
MI,lC tieu hQC tap
1. Trinh bay duoc nguyen rae chi dinh, chong chi dinh va tac dung cua xoa bop bam huyet.
- Thuc day khi huyet Iuu thong, tang cirong qua trinh dinh duong va trao doi chat trong eo the.
- Xoa bop bam huyet khong chi tac dung tai cho nhu da, co, gan, khop rna con tac dung den roan than, dieu hoa nhtrng roi loan va chtrc nang tang phil.
2. Nguyen tac lam xoa bop bam huy~t
- Cac thu thuat thirc hien mot each nhe nhang dong thai dong rae nhe den manh tham dan til nang den sau - Da - co - gan - khop - huyet - van dong khop.
Thu rhuat thirc hien phai co sue rham sau dan tir da den co, den gan khop huy~t.
- Giai thfch va dong vien ngiroi benh cung phoi hop voi thay thuoc khi lam
xoa bop bam huyet,
3. Chi dinh va chong chi dinh chUa b~nh bang xoa bop bam huy~t 3.1. Chi dinh
Chua cac chtrng dau thong thirong nhir: Dau dau do cam mao, dau do co co cung, dau cac day than kinh ngoai bien. Chua cac cluing benh do roi loan hoac
63
suy giam chirc nang tang phu, roi loan tieu hoa, suy nhuoc than kinh, bai liet chi, dau khop ...
3.2. Chong chi dinh
- Cac benh cap ciru ngoai khoa, noi khoa, nhi khoa va mot so chuyen khoa nhu: Viem ruor thira, thung da day, ruot, xoan ruot, chua ngoai da can, u nang buong rnrng xoan, glocom cap, truy tim mach, phil phoi cap ...
- Cac benh nhiem trung nang nhu: Viern nao, viem mang nao, thtrong han, viem phe quan, phoi ... bcnh ngoai da nhu mun nhot, ezema ... Benh nhan trong trang thai kh6ng binh thuong (no qua, cl6i qua, so hai, nrc gian) hoac benh nhan qua suy yeu, thieu mau nang, suy tim.
4. Cac thu thuat xoa bop bam huy~t
4.1. Cac thu thuat xoa bop lac dong len da
- Xoa: Dung long ban tay va ng6n tay d~t nhe len mat da, xoa nhe nhang quanh cho sung dau, thirong xoa tung vung noi sung dau.
Chii y: Xoa vung bung thea chieu kim dong ho.
- Xat: Dung goc ban lay ty vao da, d~y ban tay di thee mot huang nhat dinh.
- Miet: Dung van ng6n tay cai hoac ng6n tro ty manh vao da, ng6n lay di
chuyen thea dirong thang lam da cang.
+ Miet phan: Dung hai ng6n lay miet trai chieu nhau.
+ Miet hop: Dung hai ng6n lay cung miet tir hai diem khac nhau cling don ve mot diem.
- Veo: C6 hai each veo: Veo don thuan va veo cuon.
+ Veo don thuan: Dung hai ng6n lay kep, veo da va 16 chirc dtroi da len thanh mot vet, veo len r6i buong ra, tiep tuc lam nhieu Ian.
+ Veo cuon: Ca hai lay veo da va 16 chirc duoi da len thanh mot nep, vira YeO vira cuon day nep da di chuyen.
- Vo (phat): Khum ban lay, cac ngon sat chat nhau, YO xuong mat da tao tieng keu born bop va do irng da.
64
Veo da don thua'n
Hinhl s . Cdc dong lac rae dong tren da.
4.2. Cac thu thuat tac dong len eo
- Day: Dung cac dau ngon tay hay gee ban ray hoac mo ng6n lit ty manh vao khoi co dong thai day tron.
- Dam: Ban ray nam ho, dung mo ut darn vao khoi co, hoac ban tay hoi xoe khi dam phil ra nlnrng tieng keu nhu do cac ng6n dAn dap VaG nhau.
- Lan: Hai each Ian.
+ Cach 1: Ban lay khum, dung goe ban lay hoac mo ut ty rnanh vao kh6i co', dong thai lac nhe e6 tay ban tay di dong tren khoi ca.
+ each 2: Dung cac khop gitta xirong ban lay va ng6n ray ty van kh6i co', ban lay khum.van dong e6 lay d~ cac khop tren hin hrot de van khoi eel.
+ Van: Hai ban tay d~t d6i dien qua khoi Co', vira an van kh6i Co' vira di dong nguoc chieu nhau, khoi Co' vira duoc nhao b6p. Thuong bat dau lUJS6c chi dan uuyen fa ngoai.
5(1) - 192
65
Htnh 14. Cdc dong tac rae d¢ng len co.
4.3. Cac thu thuat tac dong len kh6'p
- Rung: Nguoi benh ngoi thang tren ghe, tay buong thang, thay thuoc dirng hai tay nam Jay c6 lay benh nhan, keo cang, lac c6 lay lam sao cho life duoc truycn di nhu Ian song tir c6 tay den vai. Thu thuat lam mem, di chuycn gan khop khuyu tay.
66
R.ung
Hinn 15. ThLI thuat rung.
5(T) - 192
- Ve: Dung .ngon tay tro va ng6n cai ve quanh khop, thucng dung a ng6n tay, ng6n chan va cac khop nho.
- Van dong khop: M6i khop c6 cac each van dqng rieng nhung nguyen uk
chung ta v~n dong thea chirc nang sinh ly cua tirng khop. + Bien do: Van dong tuy tinh trang cua khop,
+ V ~n dong khop Ja phuc hoi chirc nang hoat dong cua khop. + Kh6ng dtroc lam dong tac manh gay dau dan.
+ Kh6ng lam nhe qua mat kha nang hoi phuc binh thirong khop, 4.4. Cac thu thuat tac d(mg len huyet
- An huyet: Dung dau ng6n cai an vao huyet, thuong ket hop day tron c6 the thay ng6n cai (hinh 16 - a).
- Bam huyet: Dung dau m6ng ng6n tay cai bam vao huyet. Dong tac bam phai manh, ham lien tuc ket hop day (hinh 16 - b).
- Diem huyet: C6 ba each diem huyet:
+ Cach 1: Ban tay nam chat. ng6n cai rhang, dung dau ng6n tay cai an that manh VaG huyet, co the ket hop day tron (hinh 16 - c l ).
+ Cach 2: Ng6n tay gifr thang ngon cai va ngon tro ty manh vao mat tnroc va mat ng6n gitra de tang cuong, dung dau ngon gifra an manh vim huyet (hlnh 16 - c2).
+ Cach 3: 6 vung co kh6i CO' day va khoe (that lung, mong), dung diem nhon cua khuyu de tac dong vao huyet. (hlnh 16 - c3).
Hinh 16: Cac dong tdc tdc dong len huyet
67
5. Xoa bop bam huy~t chua mQt so b~nh thong thU'ong 5.1. Xoa bop chua dau dau
~ Chi dinh
+ Dau dau do cam mao.
+ Dau dau mat ngu do suy nhuoc than kinh. + Dau dau do cao huyet ap,
- Tien hanh:
+ Xoa vung dau mat. + Miet vung tran.
+ Vco hai cung long may, veo huyet an dirong. + V 6 xung quanh dau,
+ Day huyet bach hoi, thai duong, an dirong, noi quan. + Neu huyet ap cao day them thai xung.
5.2. Xoa bop chua dau vai gay ~ Chi dinh:
+ Dau vai gay do cam lanh (phong han).
+ Dau vai gay do nam dau cao, nghieng lau mot ben. - Chu y: Loai trir dau vai gay do chan tlurong cot sang.
~ Tien hanh
+ Xoa vung cd gay.
+ Day nhe nhang ca hai ben c6 gay, chu y vung co gai, co thang.
- Tu dai truy den kien tinh.
+ Lan tu gay xuong mom vai hai hen.
+ Dam nhe nhang tu gay xu6ng mom vai hai ben. + B6p vai gay.
~ Tim diem dau nhat doc co UC don chum (a thi huyet) day tir nhe cho den nang.
+ Day bam huyet dai truy, kien tinh.
+ Bam huyet lac cham, huang dan benh nhan ur van dong c6. 5.3. Xoa bop chua viern quanh khop vai ~ bai chi tren
- Chi dinh:
+ Vitro quanh khop vai. + Dau bai chi tren.
- Tien hanh:
68
+ Xoa, xat xung quanh vai va doc chi tren.
+ Day, bop co quanh khop vai, co den ta, co nhi dau, co cang tay.
+ Day bam huyet: Kien ngung, kien tinh, khuc trl, hop coc, a th] huyet, + Rung chi tren.
+ Van dong khop vai, khop khuyu, cO tay tang dan, 5.4. Xoa bop chua dau lung va that lung.
- Chi dinh:
+ Dau lung va that lung cap man tinh. + Dau do gian day chang.
+ Dau lung cap do lanh,
+ Dau day than kinh hong to.
- Tien hanh:
+ Xoa, X3.t doc co lung to hai ben.
+ Miet phan hop theo ke lien siren hai ben. + Veo cuon hai ben co lung to.
+ V 0 hai ben co lung to.
+ Day dam doc hai ben co lung to. + Lan bop co lung to hai ben.
+ Tim diem dau doc cot song day diem dau do.
+ 11m diem dau 6 lung, that lung (a thi huyet) day tir nhe den manh, + Bam dai twang duo
+ Van dong cot song, khcp hang.
5.5. Xoa bop chua dau day than kinh hong to, bai chi dum - Chi dinh:
., Phan bi~t dung sai cac cau tu 3 den 6 b~ng each danh diu v vao c¢t A cho cau dung, cc'?t B cho cau sai:
11 N¢i dung A B
3 Xoa b6p bam huyet chiia dau dau.
4 Xoa b6p bam huy~1 chiia viern nao,
5 Xoa bop bam huy$t chua suy nhrrcc than kinn,
6 Xoa b6p bam huyet chiia dau than kinh 19a. ., Chon 1 diu tra loi dung nhat cho cac cau tlt 7 den 10 b~ng each khoanh tron vao chir cai dau cau tra loi duc;lc chon,
7, Cac !hu thuat lac dQng len da la:
A. Xat.
B. MiEi!.
C. V6.
D. Veo.
E. Tat ca cac cau tren .
8. ThU thuat khOng tac O'9ng len cc la:
A t.an, B. Day. C.8am.
D. Van.
E. TEi! ca cac cau tren.
70
9. chi dinh xoa b6p chCl'a dau vai gay:
A - Dau vai gay do cam I~nh( phong han). B - Dau vai gay do van d¢ng rnanh,
C - Dau vai gay do mang vee n<)ng.
o - Dau vai gay do chan thLfdng c¢t song. E - Tat CEl cac y tren,
10. Chi d!nh xoa b6p chira viern quanh khop vai:
A - Viern quanh khop vai. B - Te cac dau ng6n tay. C - Cltng khop khuyu,
o - Dau dam rai than kinh canh tay. E - Viern khop ban tay.
71
Bizi sd'9
PHUONG PHAp CHUA CAM MA.O TRONG DAN GIAN
MI,lC tieu hoc t~p
1- Trinh bay duoc cac phirong phap chua earn mao trong dan gian.
2- Thuc hien va huang dan thuc hien hai phtrong phap chua cam mao : danh cam, cao gio, xong hoi.
1. D~i eLtdng
- Cam mao thea y hoc nguyen nhan do phong han hoac phong nhiet,
- D~ lam giam nhe nhirng trieu chirng lam sang nhir: S6t, dau dau, dau
nguoi, hat hoi, so mui, ho ... can phai:
+ Lam ra rna hoi hay ham giai bieu,
+ Lam nong do da (khu phong tan han).
+ Nhan dan ta co nhieu phirong phap chua cam, moi mien dat mroc thong dung mot phuong phap rieng. Bai nay chi giai thieu mot vai phirong phap quen thuoc,
2·. Cac phLtcmg phap chtta cam 2.1. N6i xong hoi
2.1.1. Chi dtnh xong hoi cho cac truong hop sau
- Phat sot, so lanh dau dau, dau ngiroi, s6 mfii, h!t hoi, ho khong ra rna hoi hoac chi fa it.
2.1.2. Chong chi dinh
Mar nuoc do non, ia chay, fa nhieu rna hoi, nguoi gia yeu, phu nfr co thai moi de, hanh kinh.
2.1.3. each lien himh
Nguyen lieu gam ba thanh phan:
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- C6 tinh dau: La canh kinh gill, tfa to bac ha, huang nhu, sa V.v ...
- C6 tac dung ha sot: La tre, chuoi, cue tan V.v .
- C6 tfnh khang sinh: Hanh, toi, trau khong v.v .
* M6i noi xong chon nam loai, moi loai mot nam nho 50 gam, khoang hai 1ft nuoc. Dun soi niroc sau do cho nhfrng vi thuoc vira hai diroc vao mot noi, day nap kin dun soi lai thi bac fa de xong ngay.
* Dar n6i xong that virng chac a giira giuong. Ngiroi om ng6i canh noi mac quan lot la du, chong hai lay ben noi xong, cui khom sao cho dau cd nguc a phia tren mieng noi, noi true tiep huang nhieu hoi thuoc, Nguoi nha dung mot chan mong phil kin roan bo ngiroi om cung voi noi xong. Nguoi om rna he nap noi de hoi thuoc thoat fa til til du sue chiu dung,
* Khi rna hoi da ra nhieu uOt ao (khoang 15 phut) thi ngirng xong lau kho nguoi thay ao dap chan nam nghi. Tranh gio Iua va tranh di ra ngoai troi lanh ngay sau khi x6ng.
* Neu kh6ng tien xong toan than chi can xong dAu mat mui hong, Sau 6-8 gio c6 the xong lai lao hai neu fa diroc nhieu mo hoi tht kh6ng xong nira.
* Sau khi xong uong mot bat mroc xong, boac an chao hanh (hoi phuc hrong dich mat) do fa mo hoi.
2.2. Danh gio - cao gio
2.2.1. Nguyen lieu dung al cao gin: Dung bo cua nhirng vat mong chac, nhan nlnr thia nh6m, thia dong, tien, bat, dia suo Xoa dau vung thai duong, co, gay, nguc bung, long ban chan ban tay.
2.2.2. Nguyen lieu dung dl dtinh gin
Cay ngai ciru, la trau khong, cam, gao, muoi, girng tuoi, toe roi, nrou trang, - Chuan hi nguyen lieu de danh gi6.
+ Neu dung ngai CUll thl sao nong len.
+ Neu dung cam gao hoac mu6i thi rang nong len,
+ Neu dung girng tum va nrou thl gia girng nho xao girng nong, sau do d6 nrou vao.
- Neu dung trau kh6ng va toe roi thi gia nho trau khong va t6c roi.
- Sau d6 b9C nguyen lieu danh gi6 vao mieng vai sach va tien hanh
danh gio,
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2.2.3. Duong danh gio, CfJO gio
- Vung co, gay: Doc hai ben co gay( hlnh 16).
- Vung lung: Doc hai ben cot song roi toa ra hai ben mang SUC1n, kin het
dien lung.
- Vung vai: Tir cd doc xuong den vai kin her dien vai.
- Vung tran: Tir tran ra hai ben thai dtrong (hinh 16).
, ,
J ~ r
c ./
\
,
/
I
1 ....
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-,
." '';).1
-(r-
Hinh 17. Cdc vj tri de" ddnh gi()
* Chit .y:
+ Sat den khi da do ung, ngiroi benh cam thay n6ng am de chiu la diroc.
+ Khong diroc cao lam xtroc da hoac xuat huyet diroi da lam cho benh nhan dau dan rat bong nhieu ngay sau.
+ Chi dung cao twang hop cam lanh, ra mo hoi, C<;l.O tiI hai mang tai xu6ng
co phia trtroc.
2.3. Bat chao giai cam
~ Chi dinh: Tat d ngiroi b] cam khong ra moi hoi.
- Nguyen lieu: La tia to, girng tum, hanh ell hoac hanh la, mu6i, gao teo
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- Cach lam: Tal d. nguyen lieu tren nra sach thai nho cho san van bat. Gao te nau chin nhir loang dang soi d6 vao bat da chuan bi dao deu cho ngiroi bi cam an ngay.
An xong dap chan cho fa m6i hoi. * Chu y: Nam noi tranh gi6 Ilia.
* Tra [oi ngim cac cau tlr' 1 den 3 b~ng each dien tlI hoac cum tit thich hop vao cho trong
1. Nguyen nhan gay ra cam m~o la: (A) , (8) .
A ,
B .
2. Nguyen tac chira cam mao:
A ,
B .
3. Chong chi dinh trong vi$c dieu tr] b~lng nai la x6ng. Mat m/oe do non, (A) ra
nhieu rna hoi .... (8) , phu nil c6 thai moi de.
A ,
B .
* Phan bi~t dung sai cac cau tll' 4 den 9 bang each danh dau v vao cQt A cho cau dung, cQt B cho cau sai:
TT NQidung A B
4 X6ng hdi de chira chUng phat s6t, so lanh, '"
5 Danh gi6 Ie'! phLfdng phap chua cam mao,
6 Nau bat chao giai cam la nghien nat cac loai Iii. tron voi mroc chao.
7 Sau khi eho b$nh nhan x6ng thuoc phai thay quan ao 16t va nam
noi tranh gi6 IUa.
8 Dung cac vat co bo tron, nhan de cao gi6 cho bfilnh nhan.
9 Khi cao gi6 phai lam cho da b$nh nhan b] XLfOC, hoac phai xuat
huyet rnoi dat yeu cau, 75
* Chen 1 C8U tra Idi dung nhat cho cae C8U tll' 10 den 12 b~ng each khoanh trim vito chu cal dau cau dllt;'lC chon:
10. Cac phuong phap chua giai cam:
A - Dung nai 103 xonq,
B - Danh gi6, cao gi6.
C - Bat chao giai cam. o - Xoa b6p bam huyet. E - Tat ca cac cau tren.
11. Bat chao giai cam dieu tr]:
A - Nqoai cam phong han, B - Ngo~i cam phong nhiet.
C - nit ca ngLfoi bi cam kh6ng ra diroc ma hol, o - Nguoi b] s6t cao do nhiern trung, nhiern dQc. E - Tat ca cac y tren.
12. Cao gi6, danh gi6 c6 tac dunq:
A - H~ nhiet, giam dau,
B - Giai bi§u, thong kinh heat lac,
C - C6 tac dyng khanq viern, thanh nhi$t. o - Khai khieu, tlnh than.
E - Hit ca cac y tren,
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Chuang 3
, ? e,
THUde Y HOC C6.TR~N
Bili so' 10
rnuoc GIAI CAM V A PRONG THAP
1. K€ duoc day du ten cac vi thu6c da dtroc hoc trong bai.
2. Trinh bay duoc bo phan dung, cong dung, lieu dung, each dung cac vi thUGC dJ diroc h9C.
3. Huang dan diroc trong cong dong slr dung dung cac vi thu6c c6 tac dung chua giai earn; phong thap.
THUOC GIAI CAM
1. B~ch chi
- BQ phan dung: Dung re cu thai mong phoi kho.
- Tinh nang: V~ cay, mui thorn, tinh am.
Hlnh 18: 8(lch chi
77
- C6ng dung: Chua cam va phong han, dau day than kinh ngoai bien, tieu viem, chua di irng, dau moi CCi the, khi hau.
- Lieu dung: 4g - l Zg/ngay sac uong, hoac tan bot.
2. GU'ng tLtcsi
- B¢ phan dung: Dung cu, dung nroi.
- Tinh nang: Vi cay, mui thorn, tinh am
nang.
- C6ng dung: Chua cam han giai d9C, chua dau bung do Ianh, non rrura, day bung, tre SCi sinh hay tro, chua ho do Ianh,
6. Ke dau nqua: bi? phan dung (A) lieu dung (8) nqay,
A .
B .
" Phan bi~t dung sal cac cau tu 7 den 12 bang each danh dau v vao cQt A cho cau dung, cQt B cho cau sai:
TT Nc;,idung A B
7 Hucrng nhu bi? phan dung la la, hoa tiroi.
8 8ja lien v[ cay, rnui thorn, tinh am.
9 Bac ha chua cam phong nhiet,
10 San day chua cam han, dau bunq, di nqoai.
11 La dau crura cam mao c6 s6t dau mat do, lam cho ngLfdi ra
m6h6i.
12 Cue hoa c6 tao dunq chua cam phong nhiet, lam ha huyet ap, 82
6(TJ - 192
... Chc;m 1 cau tra ICti dung nhat cho cac cau tl.r 13 den 16 b~ng each khoanh tren vao chu cai dau cau tra ICti duc;;:c chon:
13. Tia t6 la vi thuoc:
A - Chua cam lanh. B - Chira non mLra.
C - ChCta ng9 d9C truro an, D - C6 tac dl,lng an thai
E - Tat ca cac C8U tren.
14. Day dau Xl1dng la vi thuoc:
A - ChCta dau nhLtc xUdng khdp,
B - ChCta dau bunq do phong him. C - ChCta dau mat do.
D - Chira roi loan tieu hoa, E - ChCta hen phe quan.
15. Ke dau ngL!a c6 tac dunq:
A - Giai cam phong han, dau khop, dau day than kinh. B - La thuoc bel ty, vi.
C - Chua dau bunq, di nqoai, D - Chua sot cao, co gi$t.
E - Tat ca cac y tren,
16. Bac ha la vj thu6c:
A - Giai cam phong han.
B - Lam ban sdj ch6ng moe,
C - Chua cam phong nhiet c6 sot, ho, viern hQng, dau mat do. D - ChLra cao huyet ap,
E -La thuoc an than.
17. 8ja lien co tac dl,lng:
A - Chua cam phong han dau dau. B - Chua sot cao, co gi$t.
C - Chva chUng chan tay co quap. o - Chua th~n hu a nguai gia.
E - C6 tao dl,lng dl1ang tam an than.
18. GLtng tUCli c6 tac dunq:
A - Chira cam han giai d9C. B - Chua dau bl,lng do lanh, C - Chua ho do lanh.
o - Chua non mlta, tre SCI sinh hay bj tro. E - Tat ca cac y tren,
83
Biii Sf)' 11
THV6c THANH NHItT, ratr HAN
Ml;IC tieu hoc tap
1. Ke len diroc hai nh6m vi thuoc dJ diroc h9C trong bai c6 tac dung thanh nhiet: trir han.
2. Trinh bay diroc bo phan dung, cong dung, lieu dung, each dung cac V! thuoc thanh nhiet; thuoc trir han dfi dtroc hoc.
3. Huang dan SLr dung dung trong cong dong cac vi thu6c c6 rae dung chua thanh nhier va trir han.
5. Re co tranh: chua Iy' di ngoal fa rnau mOi (A) (6) ..
A ,
6 .
6. Co sua: lieu dung tVdi (A) ... ngay. Kh6 ... (6) ... ngay.
A ,
8 .
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* PMn bi~t dung sai cac cau tLt 7 den 12 bing each danh dau V vao C9t A cho cau dung, cQt B cho cau sai:
TT NQidung A B
7 Kho sam b9 phan dung la la.
s Hoang lien b¢ phan dung 18 reo
g Sinh dia c6 tac dl";Jng chua chirnq huyet nhiet, bel huyet.
10 MCl tam th~ chira chung dau mat do, rnun nhot,
11 Chi tli bo ph~n dung la qua.
12 Nhan tran vi nqot dang, tinh mat.
.. * Chon 1 diu tra loi dung nhat cho cac cau nr 13 den 18 bang each khoanh tr6n vao chu cal dau cau tra leti dU'<;1C chon:
13. Ngai ciru co tac dunq:
A - Chira rang kinh, bang huyet, be kinh. B - Chira dau bVng do lanh.
C - Co tac dunq bel huyet, chira dau dau. o . Chila dau bunq, an thai.
E - Tat ca cac cau tren.
14. Can khironq c6 tao dvng:
A - Chila dau bunq do lanh B - Chira ho do lanh.
C - Chila day chuang, non mira. o - Chua cam mao,
E - Tat ca cac y tren,
15. Gh~ng c6 tac dunq:
A - Chua dau dau, cao huyet ap, B - Chua dau bunq, an cham tieu. C - Chila dau bunq, di nqoai long. o - Chira hen phe quan,
E - Chua dau nhirc xlfClng. 16. La tre co tac dunq:
A - Chira cam phong han.
S - Chira soi th~n, viern than,
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C - Chua say nang, huyet nhj~t. o - Chua dau bunq di nqoai.
E - nit ca cac y tren,
17. Hoac huang c6 tac dunq:
A - Chira la chay do cam nang. B - Chira la chay nhiern trunq. C - Chira dau da day.
o - Chira an cham tieu, non rmra. E - Hit ca cac cau tren.
18. Co sua c6 tac dunp:
A - Chua dai bu6t, 10 ng((a.
B - Chua huyet nhiet, be) huyet.
C - Chua Iy', di nqoai ra rnau, rnun nhot, tac tia sua. o - Chua vet thuang ngoai da,
E - Tat ca CaG y tren,
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Bai s{/12
...... "...." ...t..... ............"
THUOC HANH KHI HO~T HUYET, ClIUA HO, CAM MAU, AN
THAN, LOI TlEU, NHU~N TRANG, CHi TA.
Ml;lC tieu hoc tap
1. Ke duoc ten cac vi thuoc da h9C trong bai thuoc cac nh6m thu6c: Hanh khf hoat huyet; chua ho; cam mau; an than; lei nieu; nhuan trang; chi tao
2. Trinh bay dtroc bo phan dung, cong dung, lieu dung, each dung cac vi thu6c da diroc hoc,
3. Huang dan su dung dung trong cong dong cac vi thu6c c6 tac dung hanh khf hoat huyet, chua ho, cam mau, an than, loi nieu, nhuan trang, chi tao
HANH KHi HO~T HUYET 1. Tran bi (VO qu-yt)
- Bo phan dung: Dung vo quyt chin phoi kho de lau nam,
- Tfnh nang: Vi cay, mui thorn, tinh run.
- Cong dung: Kien ty, hanh khf, tieu dam, chua chimg non mira, dAy bung,
dau bung do lanh; chua chimg nhieu dam. - Lieu dung: 6g - 8g /24h.
2. Mqc hU'dng
- B¢ phan dung: Than r~, thai mong phoi kho,
- Tinh nang: Vi dang, hoi cay, mui thorn, tfnh am.
- Cong dung: Hanh khi, gilti uilt, chua chirng dau da day, dau bung, nguc nrc
hai mang suon; chirng day chuang, cham tieu, co that 6ng tieu hoa. - Lieu dung: 4g - 6g /24h.
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3. Ngh~ yang (Khlfdng hoanq, uat kim)
- BQ phan dung: Dung rc Cll thai mong phoi kho.
- Tinh nang: Vi cay dang, tinh cay am.
- Cong dung: Hanh khi, khir U. Chua cac chirng: Dau nhirc hai mang suon,
be kinh, kinh nguyet khong deu, dai fa mau, non fa mau, chay mau cam, chirng dong kinh, dau da day, c:j hoi, c:j chua.
- C6ng dung: Chua ho do cam mao, chtraho: chua viern phe quan.
- Lieu dung: Tir 10 - 16/ngay
8. Tang bach bi
- Be? phan dung: Dung vo re cay dau cao sach vo do ngoai phoi kh6.
- Tinh nang: V~ dang, tinh mat lanh.
- C6ng dung: Chua ho viern hong, viern phe quan, viem arnidan, ho ra rnau,
ho ga, hen phe quan. Chua phu thilng, tieu tien kho (dung song). - Lieu dung: nr 8 - 12/ngay.
9.H~
- B¢ phan dung: Dung roan cay nroi.
- Tinh nang: Vi ngot, hoi cay, tinh am.
- Cong dung: Chua tre em, dung hi. hap each rhuy voi mar. Chua ti~u tien ra
mau.
- Lieu dung: Tir 3g - 6g/ngay(eu): 8g - 12g/ngay (hi).
CAMMAu
10. Co nho noi
- B9 phan dung: Dung d. cay nroi hoac phoi kh6.
- Tinh nang: Vi man, hoi ngot, tinh mar.
- Cong dung: Mat huyet, cam mau. Chua tri fa
mau, xuat huyet duoi da; giam dau tieu viern, Chua rong kinh, rong huyet, ha nhiet.
- Lieu dung: Tir 10 - 20/ngay; 20g - 40g uroi/ngay,
Hinh 31: Nh9 noi
93
11. Trac bach di~p
- B¢ phan dung: Dung canh, la, hat goi la ba tir nhan phoi kh6, sao den.
- Tfnh nang: Vi dang, tmh mat.
- Cong dung:
+ Cua trac bach diep: Mat huyet. Sao den co tac dung cam mau trong cac twang hop: Chay mau cam, non ra mau, tieu tien ra mau, tri chay mau, rong kinh, rang huyet, chua ho ra mau.
+ Cua ba nr nhan co tac dung an than,
- Lieu dung: Tir 12 - 16/ngay, hat dung tir 6g - Sg/ngay co tac dung an than.
THU6c AN THAN
12. La yang .
- B9 phan dung: Dung la tuoi hoac phoi kho.
- Tinh nang: Vi ngot, nhat, tinh binh.
- C6ng dung: An than, dirong tam, chua chung hoi h9P mat ngu, chirng cam
mao, gay mat ngu: chua cluing phong thap gay to ngira. - Lieu dung: tit 8 - 16/ngay.
13. Lac tien
- Be? phan dung: Dung ca cay bo re cat ngan, phoi kho.
- Tinh nang: Vi ngot, tinh mat.
- Cong dung: Chua chirng mar ngu, hoi hop
buon phien. Chua sot cao, mar mroc. Duong tam, mal huyet, an than.
- Lieu dung: Tit 20 - 40/ngay.
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Hinh 32: Lac tien
THU6c LQI TIEU vA NHU~N TRANG
14. Ma de
- B9 phan dung: Dung cit cay phoi kh6. .
- Tinh nang: V! ngot, tfnh mat.
- C6ng dung: Chua phil thiing, viem dirong
tiet nieu, soi duong tiet nieu; chua ia chay, kiet ly do thuy thap.
- Lieu dung: tir 12 - 20/ngay.
Ht'nh 33: Mil de"
15. Ty giai
- B9 phan dung: Dung than n~ thai mong, phoi kh6.
- Tinh nang: Vi dang, tinh binh.
- Cong dung: Chua dai buot, dai rat. dai ra mau, dai ra dirong chip; chua
chirng phu thiing, viem bang quang, viem cau than. - Lieu dung: tit 6g - 12g/ngay.
16. Vilng den
- B9 phan dung: Dung hat phci kh6.
- Tinh nang: Vi ngot, tfnh blnh,
- C6ng dung: B6 tarn than, dirong
huyet, nhuan trang, chua chung tao bon do Am hir, TAn dich kiet; b6 huyet, chua it sua.
- Lieu dung: tit 109 - 20g/ngay.
Hinh 34: Vung den
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17. Muong trau
- B¢ phan dung: Dung canh hi va hat goi la thao quyet minh phai kh6.
- Tinh nang: Vi dang, mui hac, tinh mat.
- Cong dung: Nhuan trang, sat trung, chua tao b6n do huyet nhiet, chua hac
lao: dung Ia tuoi vo xat vao cho hac lao.
- Lieu dung: Til 10 - 12/ngay (hi); 8g - 12g/ngay (hat),
THune CHI TA
18. Bup 6i
- BO phan dung: Dung hi non cua cay 6i.
- Tinh nang: Vi dang, mui hac, nnh mat.
- Cong dung: Cam ia chay giam dau bung do lanh.
- Lieu dung: Tir 109 - l Sg/ngay (kho); 20g - 30g/ngay (tum).
.. Phan bi~t dung sai cac cau tU' 7 den 12 bang each danh dau v vaa C9t A cha diu dung, C9t B cha cau sal:
TT N9idung A B
7 Hung chanh bi? ph~n dung la la.
S Tang bach bi vi d£mg, tinh mat lanh,
9 HI? b¢ phan dung toan cay tVClL
..
10 Co nho noi vi nqot, tinh n6ng.
11 Trac ba di~p bi? ph~n dung rE§.
12 La yang vi ngQt, nhat, trnh blnh. .. Chon 1 cau tra l(jj dung nhat cho cac cau tU 13 den 16 bang each khoanh tr6n vao chlr eai dau cau tra lai dllqc chen:
13, M§ de c6 tac dl,lng:
A - ChCta rang kinh, bang huyet, be kinh. 8 - Chua chling mat ngu.
C - Chua viern dtJong tiet ni~u. D - Chua vanq da, vang mat. E - Tat ca cac y tren,
7(1)·192
97
14. TY giai c6 tao dunq:
A - Chira dai buot, dai daL B - Chua dai ra rnau,
C - Chua viern than,
o - Chua d\ ling Ie ngua. E - Tat ca cac y tren,
15. VU'ng den c6 tac dunq:
A - Chua chUng hoi h9P, mat ngu. B - Chlta dau b~ng, an cham tieu.
C - Chua chUng tao b6n do am hir, tan dich ki~t. 0- Chua dau da day.
E - Chua dau mat do.
16. Bup eli c6 tac dunq:
A - Chua cam phong han. B - Chira la chay.
C - Chira say nang, huyet nhiet, o - Chua sot cao,
E - nit c8. cac y tren,
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7(T)-192
Bai stY 13 THune 86 DlfONG
I. Ke duoc ten cac vi thuoc c6 tac dung b6 dirong dii duoc h9C trong bai.
2. Trinh bay duoc bo phan dung, cong dung, lieu dung, each dung cac vi thu6e dli hoc.
3. Huang dan si'r dung dung trong cong dong cac vi thu6e co tac dung b6 dirong.
1. M~ch mon
- B9 phan dung: Dung eli bo lei, say kho, sao chay xern.
- Tinh nang: Vi ngot, hoi dang, tfnh mat.
- Cong dung: B6 tarn huyet, chua ho long
dom, chua ho c6 s6t ve chieu. B6 phe, chi khai (ho); chua chirng chay mau cam do huyet nhiet, Chua chirng hoi hop, sot ve ban dem, ho am htr.
- Cong dr .. ing: Kien ty, b6 khi chua khi phe hir, ho hen, Chua chirng di tinh, kinh nguyet khong deu do khi htr; chua chirng day, kh6 tieu, chi khai, · Lieu dung: Tu 8g . 12g/ngay.
Hinh 36: Do trong
Hinh 37: ell mai
6. Cam thao
- B¢ phan dung: Dung Ia than, rE phoi kho.
- Tinh nang: V~ ngot, tinh blnh.
· Cong dt .. ing: B6 trung, ich khL Chua chirng ho long dom, giai d¢c dieu hoa cac vi thu6c. Chua con dau co that noi tang.