RISK FACTORS

• Lowered immunity

• Close contact with someone with infectious TB

• Country of origin

• Age

• Substance abuse

• Malnutrition

• Lack of medical care

• Living or working in a residential care facility

• Living in a refugee camp or shelter

• Health care work

• International travel

Risk Factors Causative Agent

CA is inhaled and is transmitted through

the airways
Productive

CA reaches the Secretion of large amount of

alveoli mucus
Hemoptysi Injure the alveolar
CA is deposited and begins to s
multiply

Inflammatory
Phagocytosis by neutrophils and Release Fever
of chemical
 Alveoli are filled with bacilli and
phagocytes

Destruction of bacilli and normal

tissue

Bronchopneumonia Exudate accumulation in the

alveoli
Alveoli lose air spaces and
Formation of solidify because the space
Decrease gas exchange in which air must occupy
granulomas
the alveoli is filled with fluids and
Macrophage surrounds the granulomas exudates
which forms a protective wall

The body compensates

the decrease in oxygen
that reaches the alveoli by
increasing the respiratory
rate
Dyspne
Granulomas are transformed to a fibrous
a
tissue, with Ghon tubercle as its center

Granulomas become necrotic forming a

Tachypne
a
Ventilation-perfusion Mass may calcify and form a
mismatch collagenous scar
Hypoxemi
Bacteria becomes dormant and no
a
progression of disease
Hypoxia

Confusio
 After initial exposure and infection, the
person may develop active disease. It
may also occur with reinfection &
activation of dormant bacteria

Deat Ghon tubercle

h ulcerates
Heals and forms a scar
Cheesy material is released into the
bronchi
Further inflammation of the
lungs

Further formation of Further development of

tubercle bronchopneumonia

Spreads slowly downward to the hilum of

the lungs and later extends to adjacent
lobes unless process is arrested