oe PINPOINTING Calls attention to certain kinds of statements and relationships which may be contradicting, EXAMPLE: "You say you're angry, but you're smiling.” LINKING Responding to the client in a way that ties together ‘two events, experiences, feelings of persons. EXAMPLE: "You felt so depressed after you married your boyfriend of several years.” GIVING FEEDBACK Helps others become aware of how their behavior affects us and how we perceive their actions. EXAMPLE: "When you don’t answer my text messages sometimes | fear you're cellphone has been snatched.” OTHER THERAPUETIC VERBAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES USING SILENCE GIVING RECOGNITION. Example: “Good morning, Aby!", “Utim, new hairstyle, huh.” OFFERING SELF. Example: “Let me stay with you for awhile.” GIVING BROAD OPENINGS. Example: “How would you Tike to start?" OFFERING GENERAL LEADS. Example: “Go on.." “Tell me more about It.” PLACING THE EVENT IN TIME OR IN. SEQUENCE. Example: "When did this happen?" MAKING OBSERVATION. Example: “You seem to be jittery.” ENCOURAGING DESCRIPTION “OF _ PERCEPTIONS, Example: “What is the voice telling you?” ENCOURAGING COMPARISON. Example: “During what lather occasions did you feel this way?" REFLECTING. Example: (CLIENT) "My brother is a drug addict who steals from me.” (NURSE) "This makes you anery.” FOCUSING. Example: “Let’s analyze this experience more closely.” EXPLORING. Example: “Tell me more...” PRESENTING REALITY, Example: "No one else isin this VOICING DOUBT. Example: “Thats hard to believe.” SEEKING CONSENSUAL VALIDATION, Example: "When you said... did you mean,..2" ATTEMPTING TO TRANSLATE INTO FEELINGS. Example: (CLIENT) “I'm crazy.” (NURSE) “You're suggesting that you're useless?” SUGGESTING COLLABORATION. Example: “Perhaps you and I can talk about what produces your anxiety.” NONTHERAPEUTIC VERBAL. COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE REASSURING GIVING APPROVAL REIECTING DISAPPROVING AGREEING DISAGREEING ADVISING CHALLENGING» TESTING DEFENDING REQUESTING AN EXPLANATION INDICATING THE EXISTENCE OF AN EXTERNAL SOURCE © USING DENIAL INTERPRETING = INTRODUCING AN UNRELATED TOPIC ‘Strategies for Therapeutic Communication Eliminate the Incorrect response to arrive at the right Authoritarian Answers +The nurse is telling the patient what to do without regard to the patient’s desire or feelings. + insisting that the patient follow unit rules + Insisting that the patient do what you command immediately + Lets Explore question * Avoid being a junior psychiatrist. + It isn’t the nurses role to delve into the reasons why the patient is feeling in a particular way. Let the patient verbalize the fact that he or she is sad angry fearful ar overwhelmed Lets Explore question = "Lets talk about why you didn’t take your medication” hep * + "Tell me why you really injured yourself?" = Don’t Worry quiastion + Eliminate choices that offer false reassurance. It only. discourages ‘communication, + "tis going to be ok” + "Don't worry. Your doctors will da everything necessary for your care.” = Nurse focused answers tliminate all choices if the focus of the ‘comment is on the nurse. Be careful because these answer choices may sound very empathetic. The focus should be always on the patient. + “That happened to me once.” = “Iknow from experience this is hard for you.” (MENTAL MECHANISMS. "= Are patterns of thinking and behaving that are used to protect the individual from threatening aspects of his ‘environment or from his awn feelings of anxiety. EGO DEFENSE MECHANISM are one type af commonly used mental mechanism. These are utilized when the individual consciously experiences a basic conflict between id impulses and the demands of the superego. COPING MECHANISM, unlike an ego defense mechanism, is bbased on a conscious acknowledgement that a problem exists PURPOSES: To decrease anxiety * Toprotect the ego © Toincrease self-esteem CHARACTERISTICS: Use of defense mechanism is automatic