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Kualapuu
N Keiki Survey
While we have an understanding of the challenges that Native Hawaiian learners face, there are
few, if any, tools that exist that measure student strengths, including their values and culture. The
development of these surveys aims to balance the deficits model by identifying the existing
strengths of Native Hawaiian students, families, schools, and communities. Identifying these
unique characteristics can empower school communities by giving them the tools needed to build
upon the existing assets of their Native Hawaiian students through culturally relevant educational
initiatives for youth development.
Although mainstream tools, like the surveys developed by Search Institute, have been shown to
work with minority populations (Scales, Benson, & Leffert, 2000; Tibbetts et al. 2007), they tend to
represent a limited perspective on well-being. N pio, a survey for adolescents in grades 7-12,
was field tested in 2009 and has since been administered annually in select public schools and
Kamehameha Schools programs. N Keiki, a survey for children in grades 4-6, has been
administered since 2012. Both surveys were developed in collaboration with a research advisory
group and each is comprised of age-appropriate, internal and external student assets that research
suggests contribute to success in school and life.
Construct
Connection to ina
Connection to ohana
Hawaiian language
Construct
Achievement motivation
Active learning
Bonding to school
Caring school climate
Environmental stewardship
High expectations
Parent involvement in
schooling
Positive orientation to
schoolwork
Quality of youth programs
School engagement
Service to others
Youth programs
Inter-cultural connectedness
100
100
80
80
54
60
46
60
40
20
20
0
Male
Female
22
100
31
7
1
8 or
younger
10
11
12 or older
80
80
60
40
40
40
30
37
33
76
60
40
20
20
0
4th
5th
6th
12
13
No
Don't know
0
Yes
Table 1. Results from the N Keiki 2016 Survey for school and overall sample
Hoolako Like
2014
2015
2016
2014
2015
2016
Hawaiian language
33
29
36
30
28
30
80
77
81
78
74
78
Connection to 'ohana
93
92
90
90
91
93
84
83
85
83
83
85
Intercultural connections
77
64
77
76
72
75
57
60
52
51
51
53
Bonding to school
59
68
61
67
68
71
High expectations
88
90
91
86
86
87
Achievement motivation
87
85
86
86
87
88
School engagement
66
64
54
68
65
66
Active learning
82
71
67
76
73
71
61
59
56
64
61
64
64
59
57
60
61
61
Service to others
48
45
56
47
44
47
76
80
77
74
74
71
41
36
42
35
32
34
121
130
111
969
1029
990
Environmental stewardship
Participation in youth programs
Distribution
Figure 5. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample HCC
100
81
80
60
40
36
90
78
93
85
85
77
75
30
20
0
Hawaiian language Connection to the
ina
Connection to
ohana
Hawaiian values
and attachment
Intercultural
connections
61
52 53
71
91 87
86 88
54
66
67 71
56
Active
learning
64
Positive
orientation
to
schoolwork
80
60
57
61
56
71
47
42
40
34
20
0
Parent involvement in
schooling
Service to others
Environmental
stewardship
Participation in youth
programs
20
Intercultural connections
0
2014 (N=121)
2015 (N=130)
2016 (N=111)
100
Caring school climate
80
Bonding to school
High expectations
60
Achievement motivation
40
School engagement
Active learning
20
Positive orientation to
schoolwork
0
2014 (N=121)
2015 (N=130)
2016 (N=111)
100
80
Parent involvement in
schooling
60
Service to others
40
Environmental stewardship
20
0
2014 (N=121)
2015 (N=130)
2016 (N=111)
Participation in youth
programs
Guiding Questions
1. What do you notice in the data? Think about trends, comparisons, high and low points,
and your school mission and priorities?
4. What activities or steps can you see helping you create change?
5.
How can the usefulness of the data be improved? What else do you want to know?
100
100
80
80
61
60
60
39
40
40
20
20
0
Male
1
9
10
11
100
100
80
80
60
40
22
21
8 or
younger
Female
48
68
60
33
41
40
20
16
20
0
4th
5th
Yes
No
Don'
10
Figure 5. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample Hawaiian
Cultural Connectedness Scale
100
79
80
88
78
93
80
85
75
75
60
40
20
17
30
0
Hawaiian language Connection to the
ina
Connection to
ohana
Hawaiian values
and attachment
Intercultural
connections
Figure 6. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample Search
Institute Scale
100
80
60
40
20
0
73 71
58 53
93 87
88 88
58
66
68 71
63 64
Active
learning
Positive
orientation
to
schoolwork
Figure 7. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample Search
Institute Scale (continued)
100
77
80
60
59
61
57
71
47
42
40
34
20
0
Parent involvement in
schooling
Service to others
Environmental
stewardship
Participation in youth
programs
11
Table 1. Results from the N Keiki 2016 Survey for school and overall sample
Kualapuu (English)
Kualapuu (Hawaiian)
Kualapuu
Hoolako Like
Kualapuu
Hoolako Like
2016
2016
2016
2016
17
79
88
80
75
58
73
93
88
58
68
63
59
57
77
42
81
30
78
93
85
75
53
71
87
88
66
71
64
61
47
71
34
990
90
87
97
97
83
37
30
87
80
43
63
37
50
53
80
43
30
30
78
93
85
75
53
71
87
88
66
71
64
61
47
71
34
990
Hawaiian language
Connection to the 'ina
Connection to 'ohana
Hawaiian values and attachment
Intercultural connections
Caring school climate
Bonding to school
High expectations
Achievement motivation
School engagement
Active learning
Positive orientation to schoolwork
Parent involvement in schooling
Service to others
Environmental stewardship
Participation in youth programs
Note: 1) If students did not answer enough questions to be scored on a particular asset they were not counted in the percentages, thus some percentages may be based
on less than the total number of students. 2) Schools with a smaller sample size may show greater percentage differences between years.
12
Demographics
100
100
80
64
80
60
40
40
20
20
Male
Female
80
80
60
60
20
0
5th
0
9
10
11
96
40
24
20
4th
17
24
23
8 or
younger
100
40
53
60
36
0
Yes
No
Don'
13
Figure 5. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample Hawaiian
Cultural Connectedness Scale
100
90
87
80
97
93
97
78
85
83
75
60
30
40
20
0
Connection to
ohana
Hawaiian values
and attachment
Intercultural
connections
Figure 6. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample Search
Institute Scale
100
80
60
40
20
0
37
71
53
87 87
80
88
66
63
71
64
43
30
37
Active
learning
Positive
orientation
to
schoolwork
Figure 7. Distribution of responses by construct for school and overall sample Search
Institute Scale (continued)
100
80
80
60
50
61
53
71
47
43
40
34
20
0
Parent involvement in
schooling
Service to others
Environmental
stewardship
Participation in youth
programs
14