No.

Pendaftaran:________________

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

SECTION A (30 MARKS)

Instruction: Choose the most correct answer for each question. Answer the questions in the OMR
form provided.
1.

The variable of interest in an ANOVA procedure is called

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

2.

In the ANOVA, treatment refers to

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

3.

experimental units
different levels of a factor
the dependent variable
weighing the mouse
the response

The required condition for using an ANOVA procedure on data from several populations
is that the
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

4.

a partition
a treatment
a factor
an experimental unit
a replicate

selected samples are dependent on each other

sampled populations are all uniform
sampled populations have equal variances
sampled populations have equal means
None of the above

You wish to measure the effects of 2 independent variables on a single dependent

variable. Which of the following experimental designs is appropriate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Completely randomized design

Blocked design
Factorial design
Latin squares design
Replicated design

No. Pendaftaran:________________

5.

When you use experimental blocks in an experiment, you normally wish to

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

6.

7, 74
5, 7
7, 13
5, 48
7, 35

A 3 x 3 factorial experiment implies that the experiment has _______ factors, each of
them has _________ levels resulting in _______ treatments.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

9.

randomized block
2-way factor
completely randomized
one-way ANOVA
any factorial

If a RCBD is used to test for a difference between 8 different brands of lawn mowers
using 48 total observations and 6 different customers, the degrees of freedom to test the
null hypothesis that there is no difference in the 8 brands of lawn mowers will be
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

8.

minimize the within block variation

minimize the among block variation
compare the mean difference between blocks
compare the mean difference of independent variables within blocks
minimize treatment differences

In a _______ design, it is assumed that no interaction is present between the factors of

interest and the blocks.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

7.

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

9, 3, 3
3, 3, 9
2, 3, 6
2, 3, 9
1, 1, 3

In the 2-way factorial, it is necessary to obtain two or more ________ for each treatment
in order to measure __________ due to error.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

level, interaction
replication, variation
interaction, factors
variation, interaction
factors, levels
2

No. Pendaftaran:________________

10.

In order to determine whether the means of two populations are equal

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

11.

curvilinear model
curvilinear model with one predictor variable
simple second-order model with one predictor variable
simple first-order model with one predictor variable
a quadratic model

Which of the following is FALSE about Latin square design?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

13.

a t test must be performed

an ANOVA must be performed
either a t test or ANOVA can be performed
a chi-square test must be performed
a non-parametric test must be performed

The following model Y = 0 + 1X1 + is referred to as a

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

12.

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

Can be used when estimation of interaction effects are desired

Cannot afford to estimate interaction effects
Blocks simultaneously two extraneous factors
Is an example of an incomplete block design
Every block must contain all treatments

Which of the following purposes is/are NOT served by replication?

I.
II.
III.

Provides a means for estimating experimental error

Increase the number of treatment effects
Improve the precision of estimates of treatment effects

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

I and II
I and III
II and III
I, II and III
II only

No. Pendaftaran:________________

14.

Which of the following is FALSE about pseudoreplication?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

15.

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

The sources of variation include experimental and sampling errors

It is a form of subsampling
It involves more than one observation in an experimental unit
Three fish in a tank are considered as pseudoreplicates
It corresponds to the experimental error in ANOVA table

The differences between factorial and split-plot treatment structures are

I.
II.
III.
IV.

only split-plot has 2-stages of randomization

only factorial can estimate interaction
split-plot is more efficient when the factors require different sizes of experimental
units
only factorial involves restricted randomization in CRD

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

I, II, III, and IV

I and II
I and III
I, II and III
II, III and IV

SECTION B (20 MARKS)

Instruction: Answer ALL questions in the space provided.
1.

Explain how the randomization procedure for the CRD is different from the RCBD.
(2 marks)

2.

Give the linear model for one factor in RCBD, and then define the terms in the model.
(2 marks)

No. Pendaftaran:________________

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

3.

Now expand your model in question (2) for 2-factor factorial in RCBD. (2 marks)

4.

What is the minimum size Latin square on which a complete analysis can be obtained?
(2 marks)

5.

Why are 3x3 Latin squares seldom used? (2 marks)

6.

What is the difference, if any, between a 3 to the fourth power factorial and a 3 x 4
factorial? (2 marks)

7.

Indicate the degrees of freedom for all error terms using RCBD given the following
conditions (Replicate = 4, Factors A=5, B=2, C=3). (2 marks)

No. Pendaftaran:________________

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

8.

Why the test for the subplot is more accurate compared to the main plot? (2 marks)

9.

Using the property of Var(cX)= c2 Var(X), show that the standard error of mean = /n.
(2 marks)

10.

Suppose for some reasons (for example, computer package unavailability) or purely a
mistake, you analyzed a 2-factor nested experiment as a factorial experiment. How could
you use the relationship between the treatment structures to get the correct nested
analysis? (2 marks)

No. Pendaftaran:________________

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

SECTION C (50 MARKS)

Instruction: Answer ALL questions in the space provided.
1.

CRD and RCBD are often used in many experiments.

a)

b)

Fill in the following diagram with possible randomizations for a CRD and RCBD.
Be sure you assign treatments to the experimental units in such a way that the
CRD cannot be mistaken for a RCBD. Assume the number of treatments and
replications are 5 and 3, respectively.
i)

CRD (3 marks)

ii)

RCBD (3 marks)

Define experimental error for the RCBD units. (2 marks)

No. Pendaftaran:________________

c)

2.

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

What would you conclude if you find that the F-test for replications is significant
in RCBD? (2 marks)

Briefly describe the experimental design you would choose for the following situations
and give the partial ANOVA table showing the sources of variation and their
corresponding degrees of freedom. (Your answer should include the experimental units,
blocks, factors, etc.)
a)

An agriculturalist investigates the effect of four different fertilizers on corn yield.

She designs an experiment quartering each of four fields and applying a different
fertilizer to each quarter field. At the end of the growing season she weighs the
usable corn produced in each of the 16 quarter fields. (5 marks)

No. Pendaftaran:________________

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

b)

One of the major expenses in animal experiments is feeding the animals. A

company salesperson has made the claim that the new feed (35% less expensive)
is equivalent to the two standard feeds on the market. You wish to test the claim
by measuring the weight gain of rat pups on these three feeds. You have 30
uniform rat pups available. (5 marks)

c)

We wish to determine the amount of salt to put in microwave popcorn so that it

has the best overall acceptability. We will test three levels of salt: low, medium,
and high. We have recruited 25 volunteers to taste the popcorns, and while we
expect the individual volunteers to be reasonably consistent in their own personal
ratings, we expect large volunteer to volunteer differences in overall ratings.
(5 marks)

No. Pendaftaran:________________

d)

3.

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

We wish to study the effects of two food additives (plus a control treatment for a
total of 3 treatments) on the milk production of cows. We have 3 large herds
available, each of a different breed, and we expect an age effect, which we make
explicit by dividing the cows into 3 groups: those which have had 0, 1, and 2 or
more previous calves. We have enough resources to study only 27 animals.
(5 marks)

An experiment is to be conducted to investigate the effects of two types of wood

pretreatment (1 and 2) and four types of varnish (A, B, C and D) on the water resistance
property of wood. Assume that three replicates are sufficient for the experiment.
a)

Briefly show how you would conduct the experiment using factorial arrangement
in CRD. (5 marks)

10

No. Pendaftaran:________________

b)

4.

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

Briefly show how you would conduct the experiment using split-plot arrangement
in CRD. (5 marks)

The effect of five different treatments (A, B, C, D and E) on the root weight for marigold
was studied in an experiment. There were 25 plots arranged in rows and columns which
correspond to actual rows and columns in a field and a Latin square was used to allocate
the treatments to the plots. The data are shown below. The last column in the table
contains the row totals and the last row the column totals respectively.
Column
Row
1
2
3
4
5
Total

1
376(D)
316(B)
326(C)
317(E)
321(A)
1656

2
371(E)
338(D)
326(A)
343(B)
332(C)
1710

3
355(C)
336(E)
335(B)
330(A)
317(D)
1673

4
356(B)
356(A)
343(D)
327(C)
318(E)
1700

5
335(A)
332(C)
330(E)
336(D)
306(B)
1639

Total
1793
1678
1660
1653
1594
8378

The totals for the treatments in the order A, B, C, D and E are equal to 1668, 1656, 1672,
1710 and 1672 respectively.

11

No. Pendaftaran:________________

STAB 2003/STAB 2004

a)

Treating the rows and columns as two systems of blocks, write down the analysis
of variance for this experiment showing sources of variation and degrees of
freedom. (4 marks)

b)

Calculate the sum of squares for `rows' and for 'columns'. (3 marks)

c)

The sum of squares for treatments is equal to SS(treatments) = 330.24 and the
sum of squares for the residual is equal to SS(residual) = 1754.32. Test whether
the treatments have a significant effect at = 0.05. (3 marks)

SELAMAT MAJU JAYA

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