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TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

tan A = sin A/ cos A

sec A = 1/ cos A
cosec A = 1/ sin A
cot A = cos A/ sin A = 1/ tan A
sin2 A + cos2 A = 1
sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A
cosec 2 A = 1 + cot2 A
sin(A B) = sin A cos B cos A sin B
cos(A B) = cos A cos B sin A sin B
tan(A B) =

tan Atan B
1tan A tan B

sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

cos 2A = cos2 A sin2 A
= 2 cos2 A 1
= 1 2 sin2 A
tan 2A =

2 tan A
1tan2 A

sin 3A = 3 sin A 4 sin3 A

cos 3A = 4 cos3 A 3 cos A
tan 3A =

3 tan Atan3 A
13 tan2 A

sin A + sin B = 2 sin

A+B
2

cos

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AB
2

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AB
sin A sin B = 2 cos A+B
2 sin 2
AB
cos A + cos B = 2 cos A+B
2 cos 2
AB
cos A cos B = 2 sin A+B
2 sin 2

2 sin A cos B = sin(A + B) + sin(A B)

2 cos A sin B = sin(A + B) sin(A B)
2 cos A cos B = cos(A + B) + cos(A B)
2 sin A sin B = cos(A + B) cos(A B)

a sin x + b cos x = R sin(x + ), where R = a2 + b2 and cos = a/R, sin = b/R.

If t = tan 12 x then sin x =
cos x = 21 (eix + eix ) ;
eix = cos x + i sin x ;

2t
1+t2 ,

cos x =

sin x =

1
2i

1t2
1+t2 .

(eix eix )

eix = cos x i sin x

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