Pipe Carrying Steel Truss Bridge

SWS CONSULTANCY
Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel

PROJECT: Area & Resizing of the Existing Trunk lines
from MW-KL
TITLE:
Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80
DOCUMENT NO
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED
CHECKED
SHEET
M.D
2D TRUSS MODEL
2m
12@1.5=18m
3D RENDERING VIEW TRUSS MODEL
Truss Dimensions
Truss span
18 m
Truss Width
2m
Truss Height
2m
Depth of Bottom and Top Main RHS
200 mm
Width of Bottom and Top Main RHS
100 mm
Depth of Bottom and Top bracing cord RHS
100 mm
Width of Bottom and Top bracing cord RHS
100 mm
Depth of Diagonal bracing RHS
100 mm
Width of Diagonal bracing RHS
100 mm
Thickness of all RHS
4 mm
Bearing Plate thickness
6 mm
Steel Grade to be used

Yield strength fy
=
=
235 N/mm2
Ultimate Strength fu
360 N/mm2
Unit weight of steel
Design aids:
EBCS 1, 1995 (Basis of design and action of structures)
EBCS 3, 1995 (Structural Steel Design)
ERA BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL, 2002
AASHTO BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL, 2007 4th edition
Design software
STAAD PRO v8i
Fe360
7850 kg/m3
SWS CONSULTANCY
from MW-KL
TITLE:
Spread sheets
DOCUMENT NO
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED
M.D
CHECKED
SHEET
SWS CONSULTANCY
from MW-KL
TITLE:
DOCUMENT NO
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED
CHECKED
SHEET
M.D
LOAD COMPUTATION
1) DEAD LOADS
a). Self weight of steel truss automatically calculated by Staadpro software
Total Self weight Dea
58 kN
Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe
80 Kg/m
Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe transferred to pipe support
4.8 KN
Dead load due to pipe support
0.7 KN
Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe+pipe support RHS & p
5.6 KN
3.5 KN/m
Live load on walkway plate
2.0 kN/m2
Live load transferred to bottom cord
3.0 kN/m
Total wind load = Windward load- Leeward load
3.66 kN/m2
wind load transferred to each internal joint
1.8 kN
wind load transferred to each internal joint
0.9 kN
b). Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe+pipe support RHS & plate
c). Dead load due to 600mm width walkway

2) LIVE LOADS
3) WIND LOADS
The wind loading shall not be taken less than 2.44 kN/m2
in the plane of a leeward chord on truss
4) SEWAGE LOADS transferred to pipe support assume 80% full

Unit weight of Swage
1000 Kg/m3
Diameter of GRP pipe
0.9 m
Sewage loads
### kN
0.10
5) SEISMIC LOAD
Addis ababa is located in Zone 3
take
Horizontal EQ force will be 10% of the weight resisted by eah joint and is calculated
automatically by STAAD PRO software.
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:
Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area

& Resizing of the Existing Trunk lines from MWKL
TITLE :
Truss Member R1
=
63.092
kN
Axial Tension
63.092
kN
Yield stress of steel
235
N/mm2
Eff. length of the member lz
2.136
Eff. length of the member ly
2.136
Selected Profile
100x100x4mm RHS
Cross sectional Area
1536
mm2
Second Moment of inertia
2363392
mm4
Radius of gyration rz
39.23
mm
Radius of gyration ry
39.23
mm
Major axis
54.45
oK
Minor axis
54.45
oK
N/mm2
Axial Compression
Check for slenderness ratio
Compression Capasity
compressive yield stress
235
Axial compression capacity
328.145455 kN
Hence safe in compression

Buckling Capacity
d/tw
22
1 =93.9
93.9
0.5799
appropriate curve
curve a
0.8974
235
N/mm2
191.728
kN
Section classification
Buckling Resistance capacity =
Class 1
Hence safe in Buckling

Tension Capasity
Yield strength
Assumed effective area
Tension capasity
fy
235
0.8 times Gross area
1228.8
262.516364 kN
N/mm2
mm2
Hence safe in Tension
DOCUMENT NO.
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
DATE
20/11/2015
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:
Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area

& Resizing of the Existing Trunk lines from MWKL
TITLE :
DOCUMENT NO.
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
DATE
20/11/2015
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:
Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area &

Resizing of the Existing Trunk lines from MW-KL
TITLE :
Truss Member R1
Axial Compression
63.275
kN
Axial Tension
63.275
kN
235
N/mm2
2.5
2.5
Selected Profile
100x100x4mm RHS
1536
mm2
2363392
mm4
39.23
mm
39.23
mm
Major axis
63.73
oK
Minor axis
63.73
oK
N/mm2
235
328.14545 kN

Buckling Capacity
22
1 =93.9
93.9
0.6787
appropriate curve
curve a
0.8575
235
N/mm2
Buckling Resistance capacity
183.193
kN
d/tw
Class 1

Tension Capasity
Yield strength
Tension capasity
fy
235
1228.8
262.51636 kN
N/mm2
mm2
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :

DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
Truss Member R1
Axial Compression
32.086
kN
Axial Tension
32.086
kN
235
N/mm2
2.5
2.5
Selected Profile
100x100x4mm RHS
1536
mm2
2363392
mm4
39.23
mm
39.23
mm
Major axis
63.73
oK
Minor axis
63.73
oK
N/mm2
235
328.14545 kN

Buckling Capacity
22
1 =93.9
93.9
0.6787
appropriate curve
curve a
0.8575
235
N/mm2
183.193
kN
d/tw
Class 1

Tension Capasity
Yield strength
Tension capasity
fy
235
1228.8
262.51636 kN
N/mm2
mm2
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :

DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
Truss Member R1
Axial Compression
2.681
kN
Axial Tension
2.681
kN
235
N/mm2
Selected Profile
100x100x4mm RHS
1536
mm2
2363392
mm4
39.23
mm
39.23
mm
Major axis
50.99
Check
Minor axis
50.99
Check
N/mm2
235
328.14545 kN

Buckling Capacity
22
1 =93.9
93.9
0.5430
appropriate curve
curve a
0.9104
235
N/mm2
194.49
kN
d/tw
Class 1

Tension Capasity
Yield strength
Tension capasity
fy
235
1228.8
262.51636 kN
N/mm2
mm2
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
Beam Member R2
Axial Compression
139.13
kN
Axial Tension
139.13
kN
235
N/mm2
1.5
1.5
Selected Profile
200x100x4mm RHS
2336
mm2
Second Moment of inertia Iy
4207659
mm4
Second Moment of inertia Iz
12402859 mm4
72.87
mm
42.44
mm
Major axis
20.59
oK
Minor axis
35.34
oK
N/mm2
235
499.05455 kN

Buckling Capacity
d/tw
47
1 =93.9
93.9
0.3764
appropriate curve
curve a
0.9589
235
N/mm2
204.855
kN
Class 1

Tension Capasity
Yield strength
fy
235
N/mm2
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
Tension capasity
1868.8
mm2
399.24364 kN
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
Beam Member R2
Axial Compression
150.639
kN
Axial Tension
150.639
kN
235
N/mm2
1.5
1.5
Selected Profile
200x100x4mm RHS
2336
mm2
4207659
mm4
12402859 mm4
72.87
mm
42.44
mm
Major axis
20.59
oK
Minor axis
35.34
oK
N/mm2
235
499.05455 kN

Buckling Capacity
d/tw
47
1 =93.9
93.9
0.3764
appropriate curve
curve a
0.9589
235
N/mm2
204.855
kN
Class 1

Tension Capasity
Yield strength
fy
235
1868.8
N/mm2
mm2
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
Tension capasity
399.24364 kN
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
DATE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
Beam Pipe Support Member R2

Bending Moment Mz
13.598
kN
Shear Force Vy
15.396
kN
235
N/mm2
Selected Profile
2(100x100x4)mm RHS
1536
mm2
2363392
mm4
2363392
mm4
Plastic Section Modulus Wz
55328
mm3
Plastic Section Modulus Wy
55328
mm3
39.23
mm
39.23
mm
Major axis
50.99
oK
Minor axis
50.99
oK
Moment Resistance Capacity
d/tw
22
Mc,RD = Wplyfy/mo
23.64
KNm
800.0000
mm2
Class 1
oK! safe for bending
Shear Resistance Capacity

Shear Area Av
98.7
KN
oK! safe for Shear
Check for deflection

Deflection
2.458
mm
Allowable deflection
5.71
mm
oK! safe for Deflection
PAGE
SWS CONSULTANCY
PROJECT:

TITLE :
DATE
PAGE
11/20/2015
DESIGNED CHECKED
M.D
Beam Member R1
=
37.729
kN
5.697
kN
Shear Force Vy
5.19
kN
235
N/mm2
Axial Force
Bending Moment Mz
Selected Profile
(100x100x4)mm RHS
1536
mm2
2363392
mm4
2363392
mm4
Plastic Section Modulus Wz
55328
mm3
Plastic Section Modulus Wy
55328
mm3
Elastic Section Modulus Wz
36885.3333 mm3
Elastic Section Modulus Wy
36885.3333 mm3
39.23
mm
39.23
mm
50.99
oK
50.99
oK

Major axis
Minor axis
Moment Resistance Capacity
0.728
>0.5
d/tw
22
Class 1
Members with class 1 shall satisfy
1 =93.9
93.9
0.5430
appropriate curve
curve a
0.9104
Mz
1.40
-0.1516
kz
1.017
=
0.56
<1 oK safe for combined action
RC PIER
STABILITY-17 of 50
REINFORCED CONCRETE COULMN PIER DESIGN FOR FIVE GIRDER

SUPERSTRUCTURE
NOTE:- DO NOT CHANGE VALUES IN BLACK
1) DESIGN DATA AND SPECIFICATION

1.1.MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Concrete :- Grade C-25 concrete ( section 9.3)
fc'=
=
20
fc=0.4*fc'
=
8.0
Ec=4800sqrt(fc')
21,466
Reinforcement steel:
Grade 420 steel: For rebars diam. 20mm and above
fy =
300
fs =
140
Es =
200,000
Grade 300 steel: For rebars less than diam. 20
fy =
300
fs =
140
Es =
200,000
Modular ratio
Ec / Es
9.32
MPa
MPa
MPa
( fc' cylinder )
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
Use n = 9
Bearing Capacity()=
Allowable Bearing Capacity (1.5*)=
3.5 kg/cm2
5.25 kg/cm2
1.2. REFERENCES: -ERA BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL 2002

-AASHTO STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR HIGHWAY BRIDGES,1998 EDITION.
1.3.DESIGN METHOD: LRFD
2) LOADING
2.1. Dead Loads
2.1.1. From Superstructure
Dead Load due to Steel structure reaction + GRP Pipe load
Dead Load due to Sewage load
16.3 KN
38 KN
Live load reaction
=
=
=
=
2.3 Wind Loads
25 KN
2.2. Live Loads
CDSCo-CWCE
11.8 KN
RC PIER
STABILITY-18 of 50
2.1.2. Selfweight
L
3.2
1.5
0.6
W
0.6
H
0.4
4.0
D
B 3.5
J
2
Sub Structure
Pier Cap w1(kN/m)=(A*L*F)*25/L= 22.50
Bracing w2(kN/m)=C*H*25= 4
KN/m
KN/m
Pier Column P(kN)=W 2*E*25= 72.00
KN
Summary of Dead Loads
22.50
2.3. Wind Loads

Wind Load on structure - WS
2.3.1. Wind Load on superstructure - W
a) Transverse Direction W=50lb/ft2 =
2.44
kN/m2
2.3.3. Wind Load on substructure

a) Transverse Direction: W=40lb/ft2=
per linear meter =
kN/m2
1.173 kN/m
b) Longitudinal Direction: W=40lb/ft

Pier cap =
1.173
Bracing =
0.782
Columns =
1.173
2.3.4. Forces of Stream Current,WA
CDSCo-CWCE
1.955
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
v = 5.6 ft/sec2 , k=2/3
RC PIER
STABILITY-19 of 50
P = kv2 =
0.000
lb/ft2
pier away from river center
0.00 kN/m2
2.3.6 Seismic Force Effects,EQ

Earthquake zones:
EBCS Zone -3
Site Coefficient:
Type I =
1
Acceleration coefficient(A): =
0.1
The horizontal seismic force is the product of the site coefficient, the acceleration coefficient and the permanent loads
Pier cap,
Bracing & Columns =
Footing =
Sum Wp
Horizontal earthquake force FH = site coeff.*A* Wp =
144.00 KN
96.00 KN
240.00 KN
24.00 KN
This force is transferred to the substructure at joints

The proportion of this load at the two levels is as in the following:
At bracing level =
0.00 KN
At pier cap level =
24.00 KN
3) STABILITY ANALYSIS
Assume a combined footing with dimensions(m):
Width W = 2
Length L = 3.2
Depth D = 0.6
3.1. CHECK FOR STRENGTH I =DL+(LL+I)+BR+WA

Case-I: One Design lane loaded
i) Dead Load
Superstructure
Left =
Right =
Substructure
Pier cap,
Bracing & Columns =
Footing =
Total =
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
kN
kN
#REF!
96
#REF!
#REF!
kN
kN
kN
ii) Live Load

Case I:
Case II:
MTRANS.(kN/m) about CL
P (kN)
a) RA+RB= #REF!
b) RA+RB= #REF!
aavg*RA =
"
a)RA+B+C+D+E= #REF!
a*(RA-RE)=
b)RA+B+C+D+E= #REF!
"
MLONGT. (kN/m)
#REF!
MCL =
#REF!
#REF!
"
2*MCL =
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
"
#REF!
#REF!
ii) Breaking/Longitudinal Force, BR

FLF=
#REF!
kN
MLF=
#REF! kNm/m
kN
MTF=
#REF! kNm/m
iii)Stream current Force,WA

FTF=
#REF!
A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.=
#REF!
kN/m
MDRIV.= MLL+MBR+MWA=
S.F.=
#REF!
B) Stability against BEARING PRESSURE:
Case I:
Case II:
case (a)
case (b)
case (a)
Ptot(kN)=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
MT(kN/m)=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF! kN/m
>
2.
#REF!
case (b)
#REF!
#REF!
ML(kN/m)=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
eT=MT/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
eL=M/A)*
/Ptot=
L
max (kN/m2) =(P
tot
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
(1+6*eT/L+6*eL/W)=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF! < all
C) Stability against SLIDING:
CDSCo-CWCE
#REF!
RC PIER
STABILITY-20 of 50
FTDRIV=FTWA=
#REF!
FLDRIV=FLBR=
#REF!
FDRIV=(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)=
#REF!
FRESIST=Vtan=V*0.7=
#REF!
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.=
#REF!
#REF!
1.5
#REF!
3.2. CHECK FOR STRENGTH III =DL+WS+WA
a) Dead Load DL
PDL=
#REF! kN
MTDL=
0 kN/m
MLDL=
#REF! kN/m
c) Wind Load on Structures W

superstructure
FTW =
kN
#REF!
FLW=
substructure
FTW =
FLW=
MTW =
#REF! kN/m
#REF!
kN
MLW=
#REF! "
#REF!
kN
MTW =
#REF! kN/m
#REF!
kN
MLW=
#REF! "
#REF! kN
#REF! kN
MTW =
#REF! kN/m
MLW=
#REF! "
Total
FTW =
FLW=

MREST.=
#REF!
kNm/m
MDRIV.= MLL+MWS+MWA=
S.F.=
#REF!
#REF! kNm/m
>
2.
#REF!
Ptot=PDL=
#REF!
MT=MTDL+MTWS+MTWA=
#REF!
ML=MLDL+MLWS+MLWA=
#REF!
eT=MT/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
eL=ML/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
max=
#REF!
all
#REF!

FTDRIV=FTWS+FTWA=
#REF!
FLDRIV=FLWS=
#REF!
#REF!
FRESIST=Vtan=V*0.7=
#REF!
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.=
#REF!
#REF!
3.3. CHECK FOR STRENGTH V =DL+(LL+I)+BR+WS+WL+WA

a) Dead Load DL
PDL=
CDSCo-CWCE
#REF! kN
MTDL=
0 kN/m
MLDL=
#REF! kN/m
1.5
#REF!
RC PIER
STABILITY-21 of 50
b) Live Load LL
PLLI
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
Case I:
Case II:
MTLL
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
c) Wind Load on Structures WS

superstructure
FTW =
kN
#REF!
FLW=
substructure
FTW =
FLW=
MLLL
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
MTW =
#REF! kN/m
#REF!
kN
MLW=
#REF! "
#REF!
kN
MTW =
#REF! kN/m
#REF!
kN
MLW=
#REF! "
#REF! kN
#REF! kN
MTW =
#REF! kN/m
MLW=
#REF! "
Total
FTW =
FLW=
d) Wind Load on Live Load, WL

FTWL=
#REF! kN
#REF! kN
FLWL=
MTWL=
#REF! kN/m
MLWL=
#REF! "
kN
MTF=
#REF! kNm/m
kN
MTF=
#REF! kNm/m
e)Breaking/Longitudinal Force,BR
FTF=
#REF!
f)Stream current Force,WA

FTF=
#REF!

MREST.=
#REF!
kNm/m
MDRIV.= MLL+MWS+MWA=
S.F.=
#REF!
#REF! kNm/m
>
2.
#REF!

(b)case I:
(b)case II:
Ptot=PDL+PLLI=
#REF!
#REF!
MT=MTDL+MTLL+MTBR+MTWL+MTWS+MTWA=
#REF!
#REF!
ML=MLDL+MLLL+MLBR+MLWL+MLWS+MLWA=
#REF!
#REF!
eT=MT/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
eL=ML/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
max=
#REF!
#REF!
### all
#REF!

FTDRIV=FTBR+FTWL+FTWS+FTWA=
#REF!
FLDRIV=FLWS+FLWL=
#REF!
#REF!
FRESIST=Vtan=V*0.7=
#REF!
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.=
#REF!
#REF!
1.5
#REF!
Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

MREST.=
#REF!
MDRIV.= MBR+MWA=
S.F.=
#REF!
CDSCo-CWCE
kNm/m
#REF!
>
2.0
kNm/m
#REF!
RC PIER
STABILITY-22 of 50
FTDRIV=FTBR+FTWL+FTWS+FTWA=
#REF!
FLDRIV=FLWS+FLWL=
#REF!
#REF!
FRESIST=Vtan=V*0.7=
#REF!
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.=
#REF!
#REF!
1.5
#REF!
3.4. CHECK FOR EXTREME EVENTI =DL+(LL+I)+WA+EQ

a) Dead Load DL
PDL=
#REF! kN
MTDL=
0 kN/m
MLDL=
#REF! kN/m
b) Live Load LL
Case I:
Case II:
PLLI
MTLL
MLLL
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
c)Stream current Force,WA

FTF=
#REF!
kN
MTF=
#REF! kNm/m
d)Seismic Force Effects,EQ

At bracing level =
FTF=
0.00
kN
MTF=
#REF! kNm/m
At pier cap level =
FTF=
24.00
kN
MTF=
#REF! kNm/m
At bracing level =
FLF=
0.00
kN
MLF=
#REF! kNm/m
At pier cap level =
FLF=
24.00
kN
MLF=
#REF! kNm/m

MREST.=
#REF!
kNm/m
MDRIV.= MLL+MEQ+MWA=
S.F.=
#REF!
#REF! kNm/m
>
2.
#REF!

(b)case I:
(b)case II:
Ptot=PDL+PLLI=
#REF!
#REF!
MT=MTDL+MTLL+MTEQ+MTWA=
#REF!
#REF!
ML=MLDL+MLLL+MLEQ+MLWA=
#REF!
#REF!
eT=MT/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
eL=ML/Ptot=
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
max=
#REF!
#REF!
### all
#REF!

FTDRIV=FTEQ+FTWA=
#REF!
FLDRIV=FLEQ+FLWA=
24.00
#REF!
FRESIST=Vtan=V*0.7=
#REF!
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.=
#REF!
#REF!
1.5
#REF!
Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

MREST.=
#REF!
MDRIV.= MLL+MEQ+MWA=
S.F.=
CDSCo-CWCE
#REF!
kNm/m
#REF!
>
2.0
kNm/m
#REF!
RC PIER
STABILITY-23 of 50
FTDRIV=FTEQ+FTWA=
#REF!
FLDRIV=FLEQ+FLWA=
24.00
#REF!
FRESIST=Vtan=V*0.7=
#REF!
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.=
#REF!
CDSCo-CWCE
#REF!
1.5
#REF!
RC PIER
PIER CAP DESIGN-24 of 50
1) DESIGN DATA
1.1.MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
fc'=
=
20 MPa
fc=0.4*fc'
=
8.0 MPa
Ec=4800sqrt(fc')
21,466 MPa
fy =
300 MPa
fs =
140 MPa
Es =
200,000 MPa
fy =
300 MPa
fs =
140 MPa
Es =
200,000 MPa
Modular rat
Ec / Es
9.32
( fc' cylinder )
Use n = 9
2) DESIGN FOR FLEXURE

Design Loads:
(from STAAD)
Mu(max-ve)=
Mu(max+ve)=
64.00 kNm
76.00 kNm
Pier Cap Section:

b=
h=
1000
600
The cracking moment given by :

Ig =bh3/12 =
yt=
Mcr =frIg/yt =
18,000,000,000.00 mm4
169.05 KNm/m
300 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') =
2.8174456516 MPa
The amount of reinforcement shall be adequate to develop a factored flexural resistance at least equal to the
lesser of :
- 1.2 times the cracking strength determined on the basis of elastic stress distribution and the
modulus of rupture, fr, of the concrete.
Besides the area of reinforcement shall not be less than the minimum shrinkage and temprature reinforcement.
Reinforcement
Mu =
202.86 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
202.86 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
45 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (
1,424 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.8
25 mm
Use
max =
Required As =
0.75*b
= 0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
=
provided = As/bd
CDSCo-CWCE
1424 mm2/m
20
c/c
0.0241
0.0026 <<max
OK !!
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
202.86
0.90
1000
300.00
20.00
600
20
40
550
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
220 mm both for top and bottom

1=
fc' =
0.85
20 N/mm2
fy =
300 N/mm2
RC PIER
PIER CAP DESIGN-25 of 50
3) DESIGN FOR SHEAR

Shear strength
Design of cross sections subject to shear shall be based on
Vu < = Vn = (Vc + Vs )
=
0.900
where Vu = factored shear forces at the section
Vn = the nominal shear strength, determined as the lesser of Vn = Vc + Vs or Vn=0.25*fc'*bv*dv
Vc = the nominal shear strength provided by the concrete, determined by:
Vc = 0.083*b*SQRT(fc')*bv*dv, where b=
2.00
Vs = the nominal shear strength provided by the shear reinforcement
Vs = Av*fv*d / s
Shear strength provided by concrete
Shear stress provided by concrete
vc = 0.083*b*sqrt(fc') =
0.742
The shear strength carried by concrete,Vc=vc*bw*d=
(MPa )
0.742 bw*d
(N)
Shear strength provided by shear reinforcement

Where the factored shear force, Vu, exceeds shear strength Vc, shear reinforcement shall be provided to satisfy
the equation, Vu < = Vn = ( Vc + Vs )
When shear reinforcement perpendicular to the axis of the member is used
Vs = Vu/ - Vc = Av*fy*d / s
There fore, spacing of shear reinforcement, s, is :
S = Av*fy*d / Vs = Av*fy*d/(Vu/-Vc)=Av*fy*d/(Vu/ - 0.813*bw*d )
Minimum shear reinforcement ( Eq.12.34 )
Av = 0.083*sqrt(fc')*bw*S / fy
fc' =
20 MPa
Smax = Av*fy / ( 0.083*sqrt(fc')*bw )
fy =
300 MPa
Maximum spacing of shear reinforcement
Av =diam.12=
226 mm2
If Vu < 0.10*fc' * bw * d, S <= 0.8d <= 600mm
0.10*fc' * bwd=
1100 Mpa
If Vu >= 0.10*fc' * bw * d, S <= 0.4d <= 300mm
Sections located less than a distance d from support may be designed for the same shear as that omputed at a distance d
Vu
(KN)
802.36
d
(m)
550.000
CDSCo-CWCE
Vc =
0.10*fc'*bw Smax-1
vc.bw.d*10- Vs=Vu/ *d
(mm)
Vc
3
(KN)
(KN)
(KN)
408.31
483.21
1100.0
600
Smax-2=
Av*fy/
(0.083*sqrt(f
c')*bw)
(mm)
183
Spacing by analysis
S=Av*fy*d/
(Vu/-Vc)
(mm)
77.24
Spacing
provided
(mm)
160
LOADING SUMMARY-26of 50
RC PIER
SUMMARY OF LOADS
DL(Lt.Sup.)
DL(Rt.Sup.)
0.00
0.00
FLLRt
LL(HL-93)
0
0.00
0.00
FLLCt
a
0.00
0.00
FLLCt
0.00
0.00
FLLCt
a= 0
0.00
0.00
FLLLt
FWLt= #REF!
FWt= #REF!
FWLl= #REF!
FWl= #REF!
FLF= #REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
FEQT= 24.00
MLONGT
FEQL= 24.00
MTRANS
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
4
FEQT= 0.00
FEQL= 0.00
FWl= 1.17
0.78
1.17
FWt= 1.17
FWAt= 0.00
#REF!
FWt=
1.17
FWAt=
0.00
#REF!
CDSCo-CWCE
#REF!
#REF!
FRt(kN)
HL-93/
Design
Tandem
(bracing)
(pier cap)
MTRANS.(kN/m)
MLONGT. (kN/m)
case I: a)
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
FCt (kN)
#REF!
0.00
FLt (kN)
0.00
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
b)
case II: a)
b)
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
0.00
#REF!
#REF!
0.00
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
0.00
0.00
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
Pier section capacity analysis

Ultimate facored loads from load combinations(from STAAD)
Mux=
361.51
Muy=
119.38
Nominal moment strength of the section in the direction of the x- and y- axis(from STAAD)
Mnx= 8253.79
Mny=
1179.11
= 0.65
Mux
Mnx
0.223
Muy
<
Mny
<
1.0
OK!
1.0
CONTENTS
STABILITY OF THE WHOLE STRUCTURE
LOADING SUMMARY
ANALYSIS RESULT
BEAM & COLUMN SECTION DESIGN RESULT
FOOTING DESIGN
RC PIER
FOOTING DESIGN-29 of 50
RC FOOTING DESIGN FOR COLUMN PIER

Load Case Summary
Loading Case Summary

Right leg
Mx(kNm) Mz(kNm)
Fy(kN)
Group
I
II
III
V
E.EVE. I
1620
1690
1030
1710
1100
Bearing Capacity =
Allowable Bearing Capacity =
67.55
67.55
344.71
111.61
351.76
3.5
5.25
Fy(kN)
97.65
96.59
13.4
53.72
-73.18
1030
1130
660.74
1080
668.84
kg/cm2 =
kg/cm2 =
350
525
Design Constants
f'c=
=
24.00
fc=
(0.4*f'c) =
9.60
fy =
420 MPa
fs =
165 MPa
Es =
200,000 MPa
fy =
300 MPa
fs =
140 MPa
Es =
200,000 MPa
FyR
Center Leg
Mx(kNm)
69.42
69.42
355.76
119.64
361.51
Mz(kNm)
Fy(kN)
34.08
35.49
-15.17
-17.32
-119.37
1550
1640
1000
1670
922.1
Left Leg
Mx(kNm)
Mz(kNm)
67.55
67.55
344.7
111.6
351.8
kN/m2
kN/m2
Mpa
"
Mpa
"
kN/m2
FyL
R
6.15
3.075
y
m=
1.00
D=
x
C
x
W=
z
3.0
D
B= 9.00
Self Weight W (kN)=
648
Location of Resultant R & Eccentricity e

Group
x(m)=
ex(m)=
I
3.046
II
3.062
III
3.010
V
3.033
E.EVE. I
2.742
0.029
0.013
0.065
0.042
0.333
<
B/6
OK!
ez(m)=
0.049
0.046
0.388
0.077
0.396
<
OK!
200.460
208.129
225.077
223.538
249.022
<
W/6
all
max=
Design Load = 249.02 kN/m2

ex=
ez=
0.013 m
V=Fy1+Fy2+Fy3+W=
0.046 m
A=V/A(1-6*ex/B+6*ez/W)=
204.95
kN/m2
B=V/A(1-6*ex/B-6*ez/W)=
170.14
"
C=V/A(1+6*ex/B-6*ez/W)=
173.42
"
D=V/A(1+6*ex/B+6*ez/W)=
208.23
"
5108 kN
Depth Determination
1. Punching Shear
(Art. 8.15.5.6.2)
v=V/bo*d
bo=(d)
design shear stress v < vcp=0.166f'c'

f'c= 24.00
vcp=
813.23
Mpa
kN/m2
Vact=Pcol-Psoil=
953.91
Vres=vcp*bo*d=
4659.00
Vres Vact
OK!
0.94
davil d
OK!
davil=D-/2-CLR CR=
CDSCo-CWCE
0.81 N/mm2
kN where
Pcol=
trial d=
1690 kN
0.940 m
OK!
-36.38
-34.65
-80.75
-99.62
-156.99
Group
Right Leg
Fy (KN)
200.1
RC PIER
2. Wide Beam Shear

a. In the Short Direction
1=P/A(1 + 6*ez/W)=
149.99
kN/m2
2=P/A(1 - 6*ez/W)=
180.38
"
trial d=
3=
0.940
m
1
150.60
Vact=
81.16 kN
c -ratio of long side to short side of concentrated load= 3.0
0.166(1+2/c)=
0.277
vcb=0.166(1+2/c)f'c0.332f'c=
1.36
<
0.332
N/mm2
take
1355.38
0.277
kN/m2
Vres Vact
Vres=vcb*B*d= 11466.551 kN
OK!
b. In the Long Direction

FyR=
MzR=
1.425
q2
FyC=
1690
FyL=
1130
MzC=
96.59
q3
1640
MzL=
35.49
34.65
q5
q4
q1=1*W=P/A(1 + 6*ex/B)*W=
499.85 kN/m
q2=2*W=P/A(1 - 6*ex/B)*W=
491.26 "
q1
q3=
492.62 kN/m
q4= 498.49035
q5= 495.55556
SFD & BMD(max) Diagram ordinates(from STAAD)

a=
g=
860
600
b=
h=
697
144
c=
i=
707
338
d=
j=
707
149
e=
k=
666
538
f=
828
Vmax=
860.00 kN
Vact=
168.16 kN
Vres=vcb*W*d=
3822.18 kN
CDSCo-CWCE
corresponding triangle leg = 1.79

trial d =
0.940
(from STAAD)
Vres Vact
OK!
davil d
OK!
RC PIER
3. Flexure
Bottom :Using =
20
mm and
Clear cover =
50
davil=D-/2-CLR CR=
0.94
beff=coln width+2(1/2*d)=
1.94
Loading
MxR= 67.55
FyR= 1690
mm
FyC= 1640
Right
MxC= 69.42
Center
0.0400
0.0423 0.0412
max=Fy/beff*W(1 + 6*ez/W)=
313.59
305.64 305.00
min=Fy/beff*W(1 - 6*ez/W)=
267.16
10.92 258.57
608.37 kN/m
qmin=min*beff=
518.30 "
Mx-x=
MxL= 67.55
Left
ez(m)=
qmax=max*beff=
FyL= 1640
qmax
q1= 578.34
608.37
qmin
518.30
299.18 kNm
The moment for design is therefore,

Mfact. =
299.18 kNm/m

Ig =bh3/12 = 250000000000 mm4
yt=
1543.18 KNm/m
500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759 MPa
lesser of :
Mcr =frIg/yt =
Reinforcement
Mu =
1851.81 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
1851.81 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
36 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d
5,302 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85
36 mm
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
16
Provide As =
5302 mm2/m
114 mm
mm @
114
5,301.9 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
1851.81
0.90
3000
420.00
24.00
1000
16
50
942
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
According to section 5.10.8, the area of reinforcement for walls and footings in each direction shall not be less than :
As = 0.0015Ag
Use As,min=0.0015*b*d=
Use
max =
4239
mm2/m
16
mm
0.75*b
S=
@
=
=
provided = As/bd
CDSCo-CWCE
142
142.29
mm
mm for the rest
0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
1=
0.85
0.0182
fc' =
24 N/mm2
0.0019 <<max
OK !!
fy =
420 N/mm2
RC PIER

Bottom :Mmax =
600.00 kNm/m

Ig =bh3/12 = 250000000000 mm4
yt=
1543.18 KNm/m
500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759 MPa
lesser of :
Mcr =frIg/yt =
Reinforcement
Mu =
1851.81 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
1851.81 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
36 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d
5,313 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85
36 mm
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
20
Provide As =
5313 mm2/m
177 mm
mm @
177
5,313.4 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
1851.81
0.90
3000
420.00
24.00
1000
20
50
940
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
As = 0.0015Ag
Use
Use
20
Provide As =
max =
4230
mm2/m
20
mm
S=
@
mm @
177
5,313.4 mm2/m
0.75*b
mm
mm
mm
=
=
provided = As/bd
222
222.81
0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
0.0182
0.0019 <<max
OK !!
1=
fc' =
0.85
24 N/mm2
fy =
420 N/mm2
Top :Mmax =
149.00 kNm/m

Ig =bh3/12 = 250000000000 mm4
yt=
1543.18 KNm/m
500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759 MPa
lesser of :
Mcr =frIg/yt =
Reinforcement
Mu =
1851.81 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
1851.81 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
36 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d
5,313 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85
36 mm
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
20
Provide As =
5313 mm2/m
177 mm
mm @
177
1,771.1 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
1851.81
0.90
3000
420.00
24.00
1000
20
50
940
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
As = 0.0015Ag
Use
4230
mm2/m
20
mm
S=
@
Use
20
mm @
177
Provide As =
5,313.4 mm2/m
Checking maximum steel area
max = 0.75*b
=
=
provided = As/bd
=
CDSCo-CWCE
222
222.81
mm
mm
mm
0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
0.0182
0.0019 <<max
OK !!
1=
fc' =
0.85
24 N/mm2
fy =
420 N/mm2
RC PIER
FOOTING DESIGN (2)-33 of 50
RC FOOTING DESIGN FOR COLUMN PIER

Load Case Summary

Right leg
Fy(kN)
Center Leg
Mx(kNm)
Mz(kNm)
1620
67.55
97.65
1030
69.42
34.08
1550
67.55
-36.38
II
III
V
E.EVE. I
1690
1030
1710
1100
67.55
344.71
111.61
351.76
96.59
13.4
53.72
-73.18
1130
660.74
1080
668.84
69.42
355.76
119.64
361.51
35.49
-15.17
-17.32
-119.37
1640
1000
1670
922.1
67.55
344.7
111.6
351.8
-34.65
-80.75
-99.62
-156.99
2 153.401
Bearing Capacity =
3.5
5.25
kg/cm2 =
kg/cm2 =
Design Constants
Concrete :- Grade C-25 concrete
f'c=
350
525
=
(0.4*f'c) =
fc=
Mx(kNm)
20.00
Mpa
8.00
"
Fy(kN)
Mx(kNm)
Mz(kNm)
kN/m2
kN/m2
fy =
300 MPa
fs =
140 MPa
Es =
200,000 MPa
fy =
300 MPa
fs =
140 MPa
Es =
200,000 MPa
FyR
Mz(kNm)
Mpa
"
kN/m2
FyL
R
2
y
m=
0.60
D=
x
0.6
C
x
W=
z
2.0
D
B= 3.20
Self Weight W (kN)=
96
Design Load =
ex=
Group
x(m)=
ex(m)=
1
1.000
2
1.851
0.000
-0.851
<
B/6
OK!
ez(m)=
0.000
-0.247
<
OK!
max=
77.531
-66.789
<
W/6
all
77.53
kN/m2
ez=
0.000 m
V=Fy1+Fy2+W=
0.000 m
A=V/A(1-6*ex/B+6*ez/W)=
77.53
kN/m2
B=V/A(1-6*ex/B-6*ez/W)=
77.53
"
C=V/A(1+6*ex/B-6*ez/W)=
77.53
"
D=V/A(1+6*ex/B+6*ez/W)=
77.53
"
496.2 kN
Depth Determination
1. Punching Shear
(Art. 8.15.5.6.2)
v=V/bo*d
bo=(d)

f'c= 20.00
vcp=
0.74 N/mm2
742.37
Mpa
kN/m2
OK!
Vact=Pcol-Psoil=
Vres=vcp*bo*d=
davil=D-/2-CLR CR=
CDSCo-CWCE
Right Leg
Group
Fy(kN)
Group
Left Leg
75.10
kN where
153.401 kN
0.534 m
Vres Vact
1412.30
0.534
Pcol=
trial d=
davil d
OK!
OK!
Fy (KN)
200.1
RC PIER
2. Wide Beam Shear

1=P/A(1 + 6*ez/W)=
62.53
kN/m2
2=P/A(1 - 6*ez/W)=
62.53
"
trial d=
3=
0.534
m
1
62.53
Vact=
33.22 kN
OK!
0.166(1+2/c)=
0.374
vcb=0.166(1+2/c)f'c0.332f'c=
1.48
>
0.332
N/mm2
take
1484.75
0.332
kN/m2
Vres Vact
Vres=vcb*B*d= 2537.1393 kN
FyR=
34.65
FyC=
1690
MzR=
0.6
FyL=
1130
MzC=
96.59
1640
MzL=
35.49
q1
kN/m
q2
q3
q5
q4
q1=1*W=P/A(1 + 6*ex/B)*W=
125.06 kN/m
q2=2*W=P/A(1 - 6*ex/B)*W=
125.06 "
q3=
125.06
q4= 125.0625
q5= 125.0625
SFD & BMD(max) Diagram ordinates(from STAAD)

a=
g=
860
600
b=
h=
697
144
c=
i=
707
338
d=
j=
707
149
e=
k=
666
538
f=
828
Vmax=
860.00 kN
Vact=
459.31 kN
Vres=vcb*W*d=
1585.71 kN
(from STAAD)

trial d =
0.534
Vres Vact
davil d
CDSCo-CWCE
OK!
OK!
RC PIER
3. Flexure
Bottom :Using =
32
mm and
Clear cover =
50
mm
davil=D-/2-CLR CR=
0.534
1.13
MxL= 67.55
1640
Loading
MxR= 67.55
FyR= 1690
FyC= 1640
Right
MxC= 69.42
Center
FyL=
Left
ez(m)=
0.0400
0.0423 0.0412
834.50
814.93 812.46
qmin
655.80
26.72 633.75
743.68
qmax=max*beff=
946.33 kN/m
qmin=min*beff=
743.68 "
Mx-x=
0.7
qmax
q1= 875.40
946.33
226.06 kNm
The moment for design is therefore,

Mfact. =
226.06 kNm/m

Ig =bh3/12 = 54000000000 mm4
yt=
507.14 KNm/m
300 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 2.8174456516 MPa
lesser of :
Mcr =frIg/yt =
Reinforcement
Mu =
608.57 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
608.57 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
36 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d
3,072 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85
21 mm
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
16
Provide As =
3072 mm2/m
196 mm
mm @
196
3,072.5 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
608.57
0.90
3000
420.00
24.00
600
16
50
542
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
As = 0.0015Ag
Use
max =
2439
mm2/m
16
mm
0.75*b
S=
@
=
=
provided = As/bd
CDSCo-CWCE
247
247.31
mm
mm for the rest
0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
0.0182
0.0019 <<max
OK !!
1=
fc' =
fy =
0.85
24 N/mm2
420 N/mm2
RC PIER

Bottom :Mmax =
600.00 kNm/m

Ig =bh3/12 = 54000000000 mm4
yt=
507.14 KNm/m
300 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 2.8174456516 MPa
lesser of :
Mcr =frIg/yt =
Reinforcement
Mu =
608.57 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
608.57 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
36 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d
3,084 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85
21 mm
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
20
Provide As =
3084 mm2/m
306 mm
mm @
306
3,084.2 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
608.57
0.90
3000
420.00
24.00
600
20
50
540
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
As = 0.0015Ag
Use
Use
20
Provide As =
max =
2430
mm2/m
20
mm
S=
@
mm @
306
3,084.2 mm2/m
0.75*b
mm
mm
1=
fc' =
fy =
mm
=
=
provided = As/bd
387
387.85
0.85
24 N/mm2
420 N/mm2
0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
0.0182
0.0019 <<max
OK !!
Top :Mmax =
149.00 kNm/m

Ig =bh3/12 = 54000000000 mm4
yt=
507.14 KNm/m
300 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 2.8174456516 MPa
lesser of :
Mcr =frIg/yt =
Reinforcement
Mu =
608.57 KNm/m
Design moment, Mu =
608.57 KNm/m
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
where
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
Assume a =
36 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d
3,084 mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85
21 mm
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
20
Provide As =
3084 mm2/m
306 mm
mm @
306
1,028.1 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
608.57
0.90
3000
420.00
24.00
600
20
50
540
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
As = 0.0015Ag
Use
2430
mm2/m
20
mm
S=
@
Use
20
mm @
306
Provide As =
3,084.2 mm2/m
Checking maximum steel area
max = 0.75*b
=
=
provided = As/bd
=
CDSCo-CWCE
387
387.85
mm
mm
mm
0.75*0.85*1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy)
0.0182
0.0019 <<max
OK !!
1=
fc' =
fy =
0.85
24 N/mm2
420 N/mm2
AWASH-TENDAHO RC PIER
FOOTING DESIGN final-37 of 50
FOOTING DESIGN
Right leg
Fy(kN)
Comb
I
200.1
II
153.401
Mx(kNm)
Mz(kNm)
0
-27.648
3
0.777
54.728
kg/cm2 =
Fy(kN)
200.1
70.793
450
Left Leg
Mx(kNm)
0
-27.648
kN/m2
Mz(kNm)
-0.777
53.384
Design Constants
f'c= 20.00 Mpa
fc=(0.4*f'c) =
(0.4*f'c) =
8
fy =
300
fs =
140
Es =
200,000
fy =
300
fs =
140
Es =
200,000
FyR
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
FyL
2.0
z
cm=
0.50
D=
x
B
x
W=
y
A
B= 3.2
Self Weight W (kN)=
80
TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION DESIGN S. Co.
BRIDGE AND STRUCTURES DIVISION
esign Load =
ex=
Comb
x(m)=
ex(m)=
I
1.000
II
1.114
0.000
0.114
B/6
OK!
ez(m)=
0.000
0.247
75.031
92.838
W/6
all
OK!
max=
kN/m2
ez=
0.114 m
OK!
92.84
V=Fz1+Fz2+W=
0.247 m
A=V/A(1-6*ex/B+6*ez/W)=
72.56
kN/m2
B=V/A(1-6*ex/B-6*ez/W)=
2.22
"
C=V/A(1+6*ex/B-6*ez/W)=
22.50
"
D=V/A(1+6*ex/B+6*ez/W)=
92.84
"
304.194
Depth Checking
1. Punching Shear (Art. 8.15.5.6.2)
v=V/bo*d
bo=(cd)

f'c= 20.00
Mpa
vcp=
0.74 N/mm2
Vact=Pcol-Psoil=
742.37
70.85 kN where
Vres=vcp*bo*d=
kN/m2
Pcol=
trial d=
Vres Vact
1240.50
davil=D-/2-CLR CR=
153.401 kN
0.443 m
davil d
0.443
1=P/A(1 + 6*ez/W)=
60.95
kN/m2
2=P/A(1 - 6*ez/W)=
9.11
2. Wide Beam Shear

trial d=
3=
0.443
"
m
1
52.99
Vact=
55.97 kN
0.166(1+2/c)=
vcb=0.166(1+2/c)f'c0.332f'c=
0.374
1.48
>
N/mm
0.332
1484.75
take
kN/m
0.332
Vres=vcb*B*d=
Vres Vact
2104.7803766961 kN

FyR=
153.401
MxR=
0.6
q2
-27.648
FyL=
70.793
MxL=
-27.648
q3
q4
q1=1*W=P/A(1 + 6*ex/B)*W=
85.00 kN/m
q3=
q2=2*W=P/A(1 - 6*ex/B)*W=
55.12 "
q4= 79.40047
60.72
21.47
34.75
0.6
1.69
0.31
0.6
-49.32
-118.65
62.39
-10.43
59.10477
-38.07
31.46
Vmax=
118.65 kN
Vact=
70.10 kN
Vres=vcb*W*d=
1315.49 kN

trial d =
0.443
Vres Vact
davil d
3. Flexure
Using =
14
mm and
Clear cover =
50
mm
davil=D-/2-CLR CR=
0.443
0.94
Loading
FyR= 153.401
MzR= 54.728
Right
FyL= 70.793
Left
ez(m)=
0.3568
0.7541
168.39
122.45
-5.72
-47.38
qmax=max*beff=
158.79 kN/m
qmin=min*beff=
-44.68 "
My-y=
MzL=
0.75
qmax
q1= 82.49
158.79
37.51 kNm
Reinforcement
Bottom
Design moment, Mu =
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
37.51 KNm/m
where
Assume a =
45 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b ) =
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
Provide As =
Top :-
330 mm2
6 mm
330 mm2/m
466 mm
mm @
466
330.4 mm2/m
14
Use As,min=0.002*1000*d=
886
Use
14
37.51
0.90
1000
300.00
20.00
500
14
50
443
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm for width= beff
mm2/m
mm
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
S=
@
170
173.74
mm
mm for the rest
temperature & shrinkage

As=1/8 in2/ft=2.65 cm2/m
Using =12 mm S=
Use 12 mm @
42.64
cm
400
mm

Bottom :Mmax=
38.07 kNm
Reinforcement
Design moment, Mu =
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b )
38.07 KNm/m
where
Assume a =
63 mm
As = Mu / ( fy (d - a/2 ) )
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b ) =
Required As =
Spacing
=
Use
Provide As =
16
344 mm2
6 mm
344 mm2/m
585 mm
mm @
585
343.5 mm2/m
Mu=
=
b=
fy=
fc'=
D=
diam=
cover =
d=
38.07
0.90
1000
300.00
20.00
500
16
50
442
KNm/m
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
0.5
C
2.0
D
kN
OK!
OK!
OK!
q1
kN/m
SFD
BMD
OK!
OK!
53.384
qmin
-44.68
21.9
42
51.5
34.1
66
61.1
21.9
42
51.5
34.1
66
61.1
0.39
0.2
0.2
0.22
0.17
0.13
0.88
0.85
0.87
0.88
0.95
0.89
7.52
7.14
8.96
6.60
10.66
7.07
99
57
0.11
0.15
0.7
0.7
7.62
5.99
37.4
42.5
66
45
66
99
57
35
71.2
68
53
72
64
13.5
67
1133.2
895.1
238.1
76
1243.5
76
66
55
41
64.5
51.5
49
48
35
53
63
47
18
50
30
47
66
73
71.5
55
55
53
1167.5
66
55
41
0.18
0.19
0.17
0.9
0.88
0.7
10.69
9.20
4.88
51.5
0.15
0.9
6.95
35
53
63
47
0.93
0.92
0.93
0.15
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
22.79
34.13
41.01
4.94
50
76
30
47
66
73
71.5
0.17
0.38
0.24
0.25
0.23
0.21
0.47
2
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
17.00
20.22
5.04
8.23
10.63
10.73
23.52
53
0.91
0.7
33.76
263.71
41.7
63.5
60
80
0.14
0.09
0.09
0.44
0.7
0.7
1.2
1.2
4.09
4.00
6.48
42.24
76
41.7
63.5
60
80
61.56
501.6
2878.30
53
50
67
22.4
64
441.6
2504.20
47
18
50
30
47
66
73
71.5
55
55
41.7
63.5
60
80
53
50
67
22.4
0.7
0.7
2
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
53
50
67
0.49
0.03
0.47
0.7
0.7
0.7
18.18
1.05
22.043
64
0.06
0.9
3.46
101.54
426.80
0.88
0.85
0.87
0.88
0.95
0.89
0.92
0.88
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.9
0.88
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
19.272
35.7
44.805
30.008
62.7
54.379
34.408
37.4
46.2
31.5
46.2
69.3
39.9
24.5
49.84
47.6
37.1
50.4
44.8
9.45
46.9
53.2
59.4
48.4
28.7
45.15
36.05
34.3
33.6
24.5
37.1
44.1
53.2
37.1
44.8
1441.962
60
374.10
32.9
12.6
100
21
32.9
46.2
51.1
50.05
38.5
38.5
29.19
44.45
42
56
37.1
35
46.9
15.68
730.07
21.9
42
51.5
34.1
66
61.1
37.4
42.5
66
45
66
99
57
35
71.2
68
53
72
64
13.5
67
76
66
55
41
64.5
51.5
49
48
35
53
63
76
53
64
21.9
42
51.5
34.1
66
61.1
37.4
42.5
0
0
0
99
57
66
55
41
64.5
51.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
50
76
30
47
66
73
0
0
0
0
41.7
63.5
60
80
0.62
1.02
1.13
1.32
1.48
1.34
1.58
0.27
0.88
0.85
0.87
0.88
0.95
0.89
0.92
0.88
1.09
1.11
0.7
0.7
1.39
0.93
1.53
1.43
1.33
0.9
0.88
0.7
0.7
0.9
1.52
0.59
0.65
0.71
0.41
0.12
2
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.97
0.97
1.74
0.52
0.7
0.7
1.2
1.2
11.95
36.41
50.63
39.61
92.80
72.87
54.36
10.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
75.54
44.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
488.56
1133.2
1133.2
82.57
45.01
43.91
64.56
61.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
152.00
31.39
13.65
23.36
18.94
6.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
543.17
1243.5
1243.5
28.31
43.12
125.28
49.92
53
50
67
0.95
1.46
0.32
0.7
0.7
0.7
64
0.35
0.9
35.25
51.10
15.01
0.00
20.16
368.14
1399.87
501.6
2878.30
501.6
2878.30

Pipe Carrying Steel Truss Bridge

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Pipe Carrying Steel Truss Bridge

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SWS CONSULTANCY

Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Depth of Bottom and Top Main RHS

Width of Bottom and Top Main RHS

Depth of Bottom and Top bracing cord RHS

Width of Bottom and Top bracing cord RHS

Depth of Diagonal bracing RHS

Width of Diagonal bracing RHS

Thickness of all RHS

Bearing Plate thickness

Steel Grade to be used

Unit weight of steel

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe

Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe transferred to pipe support

Dead load due to pipe support

Dead load due to 900mm GRP pipe+pipe support RHS & p

Live load on walkway plate

Live load transferred to bottom cord

Total wind load = Windward load- Leeward load

wind load transferred to each internal joint

wind load transferred to each internal joint

c). Dead load due to 600mm width walkway

4) SEWAGE LOADS transferred to pipe support assume 80% full

Diameter of GRP pipe

Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Yield stress of steel

Eff. length of the member lz

Eff. length of the member ly

Cross sectional Area

Second Moment of inertia

Check for slenderness ratio

Axial compression capacity

Hence safe in compression

compressive yield stress

Buckling Resistance capacity =

Hence safe in Buckling

Assumed effective area

0.8 times Gross area

Hence safe in Tension

Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area &

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Yield stress of steel

Eff. length of the member lz

Eff. length of the member ly

Cross sectional Area

Second Moment of inertia

Check for slenderness ratio

Axial compression capacity

Hence safe in compression

compressive yield stress

Buckling Resistance capacity

Hence safe in Buckling

Assumed effective area

0.8 times Gross area

Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area &

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80

Construction of New Sewer Lines for Bethel Area &

Steel Truss Bridge Design @ MW79-80