SCIENCE FORM 1 SET 2

STUDENT MANUAL
Learning Area
Learning Objective

:
:

Matter
Understanding the concept of density

Instructions:
1. Carry out activity and record observation with results.
2. Write a task report.
Activity Report Format.
I.

Title

: Density and buoyancy of objects

2. Aim

: To study the density of solids and liquids.

3. Apparatus / Material :...................

4. Procedure

:...................

5. Observation and results:

i)

Are cork, petrol, sand and water are matter?

ii) Based on the substances used, which are examples of :

a) solids

......................

b) liquids

......................

iii) Which substance a) float;

b) sink in water?

iv) What property do these substances have that affect their buoyancies?
v) What will happen to the cork if a nail is added to it?
6. Discussion and analysis answer the questions given.
6.1 i) Why does the substance float on water?
ii) Why does the substance sink in water?
iii) Why does the substance float/ sink in petrol?
iv) Arrange these substances in sequence of ascending order based on their
densities. Refer to table.

6.2

i)

Based on the results of the experiment, what is your inference?

ii) What can be said about the density of a substance that floats in a more dense
liquid?
iii) What can be said about the density of a substance that sinks in a less dense liquid?
Substance
,
Mercury

6.3

i)

Density [gcm-3]
13.6

Ice

0.92

Petrol

0.75

Sand

2.6

Water

1.0

Cork

0.25

Using the results obtained and the table above, predict the position of ice
and mercury if all the substances were put together in a gas jar.

ii) Draw a suitable diagram and label the substances.

6.4

i)

Based on the results and table of densities, classify the substances into two groups
based on the common property.

ii) What other criteria we can use to group them?

7.

Conclusion Do different substances have the same densities?

Activity Report Checklist
No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Content
Title
Aim
Apparatus
Procedure
Observation & Results
Discussion & Analysis
Conclusion

Yes

1.0

EXPERIMENT 3.6

Understanding the Concept of Density

2.0

Aim

To study the density of solids and liquids.

3.0

Material

water, cork, stone, cooking oil, ice cube

Apparatus

100 ml measuring cylinder beaker

4.0

Procedure
1. I put water, petrol, stone followed by the cork into a measuring cylinder.
2. I drew what I observed about the substances in a diagram.

5.0 Observation:

C1 a, b, c, d

C1 f
C6
C8 a

i)

Cork, sand, water and petrol are matter.

ii)

Based on the substances used, examples of:

iii)

a) solid

cork, sand

b) liquid

petrol, water

C2 b

C2 a

a)

cork / petrol floats on water;

b) sand sinks in water

a)

cork floats on petrol ;

b) water/ sand sinks in petrol

iv)

The density of these substances affects their buoyancies.

v)

The cork sinks when a nail is added to it.

C1 e

C4 b
C1
3m

6.0

C4 a

Discussion and analysis.

6.1

i)

Cork floats on water because it is less dense than water.

ii) Sand sinks in water because it is more dense / denser than water.
iii) Cork float on petrol because it is less dense / Water sinks in petrol
because it is more dense / denser than petrol
iv) Sequence of densities of substances in ascending order:
Cork

6.2

i)

petrol water sand.

The buoyancy of a substance depends on its density.

ii) A less dense solid/substance floats in a more dense liquid.

iii) A denser/ more dense substance sinks in a less dense liquid.

6.3
,

Substance

Density [gcm-3]

Cork

0.25

Petrol

0.75

Ice

0.92

Water

1.0

Sand

2.6

Mercury

13.6

C8 b

C4 b
C4 c
C8 c, d

i)

Using the results and table, predict the position of ice

and mercury if all the substances were put together in a gas jar.

ii)

C4 c

Draw a suitable diagram and label the substances.

C5 a, b, c, d
if mercury is
drawn correctly!

C5 d can be
used to cover a,
b & c.

Merc
ury

6.4

i)

Based on the results and table of densities, the substances are classified into
two groups based on the common property.
Float on water

Do not float on water

Cork

Sand

Petrol

Mercury

Ice

C2 b
ii) Another criteria we can use to group the substances is buoyancy of
substance in petrol.
7.0

Conclusion:

C2 c

Different substances have different densities.