i " (WAS AN INTEGRATED COURSE IN ye JAPANESECopyright © 1999 by Eri Banno, Yutaka Ohne, Yoko Sakane, Chikako Shinagawa, and Kyoko Tokoshiki All rights reserved. No port of this publication may be reproduced, stored ino fal system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. First edition: October 1999 Editorial assistance: guild Illustrations: Noriko Udegawe and Reiko Maruyama Cover art ond Editorial design: Nekayama Design Office Cine Nokayone, Musue! Soh, and tototake Murarcie Published by The Jopan Times, Ltd. 5-4, Shibeure 4-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0023, Japan Phone: 03-3453-2013 /bookclub.japantimes.co.ip! ISBN4-7890.0982-3 Printed in Jopan(LUHlE BANEPEAD = — AB MICHGE D. KORC < DIUM AE ahi PEM, BML T, MiBicbe SBT Bia TRL RL BBE C DEDRIETHIT SET AER EV FUME BLE LEA, ZOD 28 0) MUSOSHM IUD < CEATSEREBUCTOHRS, COBH LIT. SEREIRRD 7 — Lie 2 iL CEL > EFT A Trip to Nagano 30 7 aces - 816m > any Lost and Found 70 ate - 87 >> BLADES a Grumble and Gossip 92 B18 rr ay SADT VN b John’s Part-time Job 2 819m >> Ha Meeting the Boss 134 #20H >> RP YV—-SAD Bop Mary’s Shopping 154 #2 EBIZS Burglar 178 BQ22e >> HAD Ae Education in Japan 198. 23am >> Hila Good-bye 220sue) eS aia & w Ab 813m >> HAD Sb LA VRE Interesting Experiences in Japan 24 BA HAD Personal Advice Column 251 815 ue >> BDF & 22 Hi My Favorite Place 256 oF fe 2 a B16H >> KAW TRFABDA! The Manga Doraemon 203, 817847 -a-—3 Yoko Ono 269 18m >> REA College Life 276 B19 >> Fat Letters 283 20> >> iD IML A Cat's Plate 201 821» ESE Unlucky Ages 208 ec el - 7 8228 > KES AD AL Tomomi’s Diary son B23 >> STIs CARL? What Does This Face Mean? 310 > Bh #2 SCA Japanese-English 318 & — BSNS (mi-rareru) | u-verbs: Drop the final -u and add -eru. F< lku) > GS eon) = GD BTS > Bes RO} Res | #5 > Bzs Him ins RS > RUS BS > Wns Bo > NS iregular verbs: 7 <3 > zens 35 > «TRS You may note that the potential forms of ru-verbs are considerably longer than those of the w-verbs, which happen to end in the hiragana %. (Compare i and Hei in the above list.) There actually are shorter, alternative potential forms of ru-verbs and the irregular verb < 3, which are made by adding the suffix -rerw, instead of -rareru. These ra-less forms are gaining popularity, but are considered slightly substandard. potential forms alternative potential forms: | ru-verbs: Ho > Hens Hine | | RS > Bons Ene | irregular verb: <<} > zens rns | Potential verbs themselves conjugate as regular ru-verbs. ALAR BEET. T can speak Japanese.OD SB1SR<|( 11) PILRITEOA TH. (The truth is) I cannot swim, Mato kaw vat TIF HR, We could not go to the beach, because it rained. ‘The table below summarizes the conjugation pattern of potential verbs. short forms long forms | affirmative negative affirmative negative | present BSNS BSNL Bones Ronkth past Bonk Ronapok BoneLe BONEEATLE | te-form = BONT ‘Those verbs that take the particle # can take either @ or 4 when they have been made into the potential. ‘€ $4, the potential counterpart of the verb +4, is somewhat special, and takes 4° almost all the time. (The use of & with 4 is considered highly substan- dard.) All particles other than @ remain the same when the verb is turned into the potential. verbs with #: | aPERe > SS-THS: HBTS % (WATSS (4HETHS is considered substandard.) verbs with particles other than: | WIKBS > WICENS (No particle change involved.) To give the reason for something, we can use the conjunction #6. (reason) 5, (situation), QE LTNHF 4 HIREOA THON. Why aren't you coming to the party? A:bLE BROS BOY, SRLBBLE CH EOGROATH. T have to study today, because there will be an exam tomorrow.