Messier 88

Messier 88 (also known as M88 or NGC 4501) is a spiral

galaxy about 50 to 60 million light-years away[2][3][4] in
the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by
Charles Messier in 1781.

Properties

M88 by Hubble space telescope

Messier 88, 24 inch telescope on Mt. Lemmon, AZ.

diameter, which has two concentration peaks. This condensation is being fed by inow from the spiral arms.[11]
M88 is one of the fteen Messier objects that belong to The supermassive black hole at the core of this galaxy has
the nearby Virgo Cluster of galaxies. It is galaxy num- 107.9 solar masses, or about 80 million times the mass of
ber 1401 in the Virgo Cluster Catalogue (VCC) of 2096 the Sun.[12]
galaxies that are candidate members of the cluster.[5]
M88 may be on a highly elliptical orbit that is carrying In 1999, supernova 1999cl was discovered in this
[13]
it toward the cluster center, which is occupied by the gi- galaxy.
ant elliptical galaxy M87. It is currently 0.30.48 million parsecs from the center and will come closest to the
core in about 200300 million years. The motion of M88 2 See also
through the intergalactic medium of the Virgo cluster is
creating ram pressure that is stripping away the outer re Messier 98
gion of neutral hydrogen. This stripping has already been
detected along the western, leading edge of the galaxy.[6]

3 References

This galaxy is inclined to the line of sight by 64.[7] It is

classied as an Sbc spiral, which lies between the Sb and
Sc categories of medium-wound and loosely wound spiral
arms, respectively. The arm structure of the spirals is very
regular and can be followed down to the galactic core.[8]
The maximum rotation velocity of the gas is 241.6 4.5
km/s.[9]

[1] Results for NGC 4501. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic

Database. California Institute of Technology. Retrieved
2006-11-14.
[2] Object Information. 20 September 2009. Retrieved 26
December 2012.

M88 is also classied as a type 2 seyfert galaxy, which

means it produces narrow spectral line emission from
highly ionized gas in the galactic nuclei.[10] In the core
region there is a central condensation with a 230 parsec

[3] Explanation. 30 January 2010. Retrieved 26 December

2012.
[4] M88. 29 June 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2012.

[5] Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. (1985).

Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II A catalog of
2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area. Astronomical
Journal 90: 16811759. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B.
doi:10.1086/113874.
[6] Vollmer, B.; et al. (2008). Pre-peak ram pressure stripping in the Virgo cluster spiral galaxy NGC
4501. Astronomy and Astrophysics 483 (1): 89
106. arXiv:0801.4874. Bibcode:2008A&A...483...89V.
doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078139.
[7] Tully, R. B.; Fisher, J. R. (1977).
method of determining distances to
Astronomy and Astrophysics 54 (3):
Bibcode:1977A&A....54..661T.

A new
galaxies.
661673.

[8] Mllenho, C.; Heidt, J. (2001). Surface photometry

of spiral galaxies in NIR: Structural parameters of disks
and bulges. Astronomy and Astrophysics 368 (1): 16
37. Bibcode:2001A&A...368...16M. doi:10.1051/00046361:20000335.
[9] Database for physics of galaxies.
HyperLeda.
Universit de Lyon. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
[10] L. S. Sparke; J. S. Gallagher III (2007). Galaxies in the
Universe: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press.
ISBN 978-0-521-67186-6.
[11] Onodera, S.; Sofue, Y.; Koda, J.; Nakanishi, H.; Kohno,
K. (2002). CO (J=1-0) Observations of the Non-Barred
Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 4501. In Ikeuchi, S.; Hearnshaw,
J.; Hanawa, T. Proceedings of the IAU 8th Asian-Pacic
Regional Meeting. Bibcode:2002aprm.conf..199O.
[12] Merloni, Andrea; Heinz, Sebastian; di Matteo, Tiziana
(2003). A Fundamental Plane of black hole activity. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 345 (4): 10571076. arXiv:astro-ph/0305261.
Bibcode:2003MNRAS.345.1057M. doi:10.1046/j.13652966.2003.07017.x.
[13] James, N. D. (1999). Supernova 1999cl in NGC 4501
(M88)". Journal of the British Astronomical Association
109 (4): 178. Bibcode:1999JBAA..109..178J.

External links
Spiral Galaxy M88 @ SEDS Messier pages

Messier 88 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX,

IRAS, Hydrogen , X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map,
Articles and images

Coordinates:

12h 31m 59.2s , +14 25 14

EXTERNAL LINKS

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