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WHAT COMMUNICATING IS
Morris Philip Wolf and Shirley Kuiper
FUNCTIONS OF
COMMUNICATION
Information function
Control function
The communication
process
SENDER
Develops
idea
then
transmit
message
to
encodes
RECEIVER
Who
Receives
message
decodes
Accept
or
reject
Then
provides
thefeedback
toS
Develop an idea
The most important step in
effective communication is developing an
idea. It is important that the idea into
words, illustrations, figures, or other
symbols suitable for transmission.
Transmit
After encoding, the message is
now ready for transmission through the use
of an appropriate communication channel.
Receive
The next step is the communication
process is the actual receiving of the
message by the intended receiver.
Decode
The next step, decoding, means
translating the message from the sender into
a form that will have meaning to the
recipient.
Accept
The next step is for the receiver to
accept or reject the message. Sometimes,
acceptance or rejection is partial.
use
The next step is for the receiver to use
Forms of
Communication
2 major forms
Verbal
Nonverbal
Verbal communications
Nonverbal communication
THE BARRIERS TO
COMMUNICATION
Various factors may impede the
efficient flow of communication. Any,
or all, of these factors may, at any
point, derail the process. Even if the
channel transmits the message, the
timing and the meaning of the
message may be affected by the
factors.
The barriers to
communication may be
classified generally as
Personal barriers
Semantic Barriers
OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO
COMMUNICATION
When communication barriers
threaten effective performance, certain
measures must be instituted to eliminate
them. To eliminate problems due to noise,
selective perception, and distraction, the
following are recommended:
TECHNIQUESFORCOMMUNICATINGIN
ORGANIZATIONS
Communicating may be classified
as to the types of flow of the message
which are as follows downward, upward or
horizontal. Each of the types of the
message flow has its own purposes and
techniques.
Downward Communication
Downward communication refers to
UpwardcommunicationDownwardcommunication
ConcernsConcerns
-problems and exceptions
-suggestions for improvement
-performance reports
- financial and accounting
information
- implementation of goals,
strategies and objectives
- job instruction and
rationale
- procedures and practice
- performance feedback
- indoctrination
HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION
Concern;
interdepartmental coordination
intradepartmental problem-solving
staff device to the departments
UpwardCommunication
Refers to messages from persons in
lower-level positions to persons in higher
positions. The messages sent usually
provide information on work progress,
problems encountered, suggestions for
improving output, and personal feelings
about work and non-work activities.
Suggestion systems
Suggestions from employees are
important sources of cost-saving and production
enhancing ideas. Even if majority of the
suggestions are not feasible, a simple means of
acknowledging them contributes to employee
morale.
Open door policy
An open-door policy even of a limited
basis, provides the management with an
opportunity to act on difficulties before they
become full-blown problems.
Task Forces
When a specific problem or issue
arises, a task force may be created and
assigned to deal with the problem or
issue. Since membership of task forces
consists of management and
nonmanagement personnel.
Exit interviews
When employees leave an
organization for any reason, it is to the
advantage of management to know the
real person.
Horizontalcommunication
Refers to message sent to
individuals or groups from another of the
same organization level or position.
departments
to persuade others at the same level of
organization
to pass on information about activities
or
feelings
SUMMARY
The achievement of the objectives of the engineering
organization will depend on the performance of the
human and non-human elements attached to it. The
task of management is to program these elements
correctly so that each will respond accordingly to their
assigned tasks. Standard programming methods have
already been adapted by technologies for most
machines and equipment.