Mind Mapping Introduction Speller 2008

Todays Topics on Creativity
Introduction
Creativity
Nature
Design Rules and Combinatorics
Work of Vance and de Bono
TRIZ theory
Radiant Thinking, Mind Mapping tool
Thomas H. Speller, Jr. 2008, Engineering Systems Division (ESD), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mind Map Philosophy:

The chisel was unleashing the
beauty and image/figure within the
marble bursting to be revealed.
Michael Angelo
Let your creative energy radiate from both sides of
your brain, from the kernel of your Mind Map
Applied Radiant Thinking
What is a Mind Map (1 of 2)?

A Mind Map is a powerful graphic technique
which harnesses the full range of cortical
skills in a single, powerful manner
word,
image,
number,
logic,
rhythm,
color
spatial awareness
Mind Map
Brings it all
together!
It gives you the freedom to roam the expanses of your brain.

The Mind Map can be applied to every aspect of life where
improved learning and clearer thinking enhances human
performance.
What is a Mind Map (2 of 2)?

Originated in the late 1960s by Tony Buzan
Similarly to a road map, a Mind Map:
Provides an overview of a large subject/area.
Enables you to plan routes/make choices and lets you
know where you are going and where you have been.
Allows you to Gather and Represent large amounts of
data.
Encourages problem solving by showing you new
pathways.
Is Attractive, easy to read, muse over and remember.
Bottom Line:
Let you see the whole picture and the details at the
same time.
It is a tool, not a solution!
Creative Thinking and MindMaps

A Mind Map Enables One:
To clear the mind of paradigms, thus providing

space for new creative thought
To capture and develop flashes of insight when
they occur
To explore all the creative possibilities of a given
subject
To encourage more consistent creative thinking
To create new conceptual frameworks within
which previous ideas can be reorganized
To plan creatively
Why Mind Map?

Disadvantages of traditional linear notes:
Energy and time wasted writing down
superfluous words
Other information may be missed while
noting down one idea
Take longer to read and review

Associations and connections between key
words and ideas not readily apparent
Attention wanders easily
Lack of color and other visual qualities handicap
memory
Mind Map - Basics

Mind maps work the way the brain works
Not in nice neat lines
Memory is naturally associative, not linear

Any idea probably has thousands of links in your mind.
Mind maps allow associations and links to be recorded
and reinforced
The mind remembers key words and images,

not sentences
Try recalling just one sentence from memory! Mind
maps use just key words and key images, allowing more
information to be put on a page
Mind maps are more visual and depict

associations between key words, they are
much easier to recall than linear notes
How To Do it
Starting from the center of the page (rather than
top-left corner) your thoughts radiate out from a
central theme in all directions.
Main Points flow out from central theme
Restrict words to few, key phrases
Each new idea should have a unique color or symbol
Subordinate ideas branch out from main

branches
Change of fonts to key brain
Same color as main branch
Use images wherever practical

Mental triggers
Link and associate ideas

Draw arrow, comments, etc to show linkages
How to Mind Map
10
The Mind Map Creative Thinking Mechanism
Associate new and unique ideas with pre-existing ones

Use different colors in creative thinking
Use different shapes in creative thinking
Combine unusual elements
Magnify and use dimension
Adjust conceptual position
Rearrange and link pre-existing concepts
Respond to an aesthetically pleasing object
Respond to and emotionally pleasing object
Respond to an object which appeals to the senses of
sight, touch, hearing, smell and taste
Uses interchangeable shapes and codes1
The Mind Map Book, T. Buzan, Penguin, 1996.
11
Examples of Mind Mapping
Counter Littoral Threat Weapon

Functional Decomposition
Destroying Threat
Propulsing Guiding
Deactivating
Threat
System Energizing Detonating

Controlling
13
Counter Littoral Threat Weapon

Functional Decomposition
Destroying Threat
Propulsing
Guiding
Propulsion Generator of
System
Thrust
Guidance
System
Deactivate
Threat
System
Controlling
Energizing Explosive
Fuel
Detonating
Hardware Software
Active target Depth Weapon steering Control

feedback system sensor
system
14
Need
Defined
System Architecting of a
Counter Littoral Threat
Weapon
Problem
Defined
Intent
Specification
15
16
From System Architecting to Torpedo Product
17
Progression of Principles Development

as Applied Radiant Thinking
1. Collect data
2. Make observation(s) from the data based
on analysis
3. Empirically verify observations
4. Describe observation(s)
5. Develop Descriptive principle
6. Develop Prescriptive principle

7. Develop Normative principle
8. If universally true, then make a Law
18
Synthesized Principles from
Snippets of Observations
19
20
Literature Search Map

Stiny, Emdanat, Vakalo; Generative systems in design
Thomas H. Speller
September 20, 2004
Shea
Shape grammar
Languages and semantics

of grammatical discrete
structures, 1999
Performance-based structural synthesis
Adjustable Tensegrity Structures
A Study of Two Stochastic Search Methods
for structural control
Bentley
eifform
Cagan
Transformations in Design, 1994
Terry Knight
Programmable Self constructing
global shape using biologically-inspired local interactions and origami mathematics, Nagpal
Whitney
textbook
Modeling and controlling variation
propagation in mechanical assemblies
using state transition models
Whitney
Mantripragada
Decomposition assembly
synthesis for in-process
dimensional adjustability, 2002
Structural Efficiency
Assembly Theory
Hajela & Kim, Energy min for CA

based analysis in elasticity, 2001
Saitou
Lee
Genetic algorithms in search,

optimization, and machine learning, 1989.
David Goldberg
Complexity and robustness,

Carlson & Doyle, 2002
Optimal Truss-Structure Design
using Real-Coded Genetic Algorithms,
Deb, Gulati, Chakrabarti, 1999
Universal spaces: a basis for studies

in adaptation Automata Theory 1966.
John Holland
Design Automation
Highly Optimized Tolerance,
Carlson & Doyle, 1999
Studies of the spontaneous emergence

of self-replicating systems using
cellular automata and formal grammars
Automata, Languages, Development, 1976.
Deb, Gulani; Optimal Truss-structure design
using real-coded genetic algorithms
Creative evolutionary systems
Trusses
GA
Optimization
Uses GA for creating the CA rule,

Cantilever & plate experiments, 1999
Exploring component-based representations
Bentley
Bridge
Funes-Pollack
Three ways to grow designs: ...

Hornby, Lipson, Pollack; Generative Representations
for the automated design of modular physical robots
Hornby, Generative representations for

evolutionary design
The Mathematical Theory

of Communication, 1963
Claude Shannon
Ullman, The Mechanical

Design Process, 2003
Pahl & Beitz, Engineering design
Lee Altenberg
Modularity in Technology and Organizations, 2000
Langois
Networks, Dynamics, and Modularity, 2004
Lipson
Artificial Life
Robotics
Attended ALife IX Conference, 9-12 to 15-04
Richard Feynman and
Marvin Minsky
cellular vacuum, pp. 122-129.
Numerical Control
Numerical Control
for Machine Tools, Barron, 1971
Information Theory
Literature
Tree
Evolution and the

Diversity of Life, 1976
The Evolutionary Synthesis, 1980
What Evolution Is, 2001
John von Neumann

Theory of self-reproducing automata, 1948
Stanislaw Ulam
Alan Turing, On computable numbers,

with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem, 1936
A Collection of Mathematical Problems, 1950

Statistical mechanics of Cellular Automata,
Rev. Mod. Phy. 55,1983, pp. 601-644.
Cellular automata and complexity:
collected papers
Alan Turing
The chemical basis of Morphogenesis, 1952
John Conway
The game of life
New Constructions
in Cellular Automata, Santa Fe Institute, 2003
Hajela, Energy min for CA
based analysis in elasticity
Kita and Toyota, Structural Design
using CA
CA
Morphogenic Evolutionary Design:
Cellular Automata Representations in
Topological Structural Design
Kicinger,
Arciszewski, K. De Jong
Engineering
Applications
Charles Darwin
Ernst Mayr
Stephan Wolfram
Self-generative
Hajela and Kim, GA based learning in CA

for structural design
Kita and Toyota, Structural Optimization using Local Rules
Structural Design using CA for eigenvalue problems
Murawski, Arciszewski and K. De Jong, Evolutionary
computation in Structural design
Evolution Theory
Jakiela, Continuum structural topology design with genetic algorithms

Evolutionary Computation in Structural Design
Physics
Applications
Mathematica
@ Speller 2004
An interdisciplinary subject
lying in the intermediate area
between logic, communication
theory and physiology," P. 204,
Papers of JvN on computing and
computer theory, 1986
The New Kind of Science, 2002
Artificial Intelligence
Cellular Automaton
Definitions and etymology
Origin of Species, 1859
The father of self-reproducing

cellular automata
Engineering Design
Modularity in Evolution, 2004
Hornby dissertation, Generative representations

for evolutionary design automation
Compact unstructured representations for evolu

tionary design, Hamda (Topological optimum design)
Acceleration of CA algorithms
using genetic algorithms, Karafyllidis
Biological
Applications
Rothman & Zaleski

Toffoli & Margolus
Lattice-Gas Cellular Automata, 1997

Cellular Automata Machines, 1988
Andrew Adamatzky, Computing

in nonlinear media and automata collectives,2001
Andrew Ilachinski
Cellular Automata,
a discrete universe, 2001
von Bertalanffy
Zuse, 1969
CA for design of two-dimensional continuum structures, Tatting, Gurdal
D'Arcy Thompson
Richard Feynman
Norbert Wiener
Structural design using CA,

Slotta, Tatting, Gurdal
On Growth and Form, 1917

Feynman and Computation, 1999
Kirkoff Laws
Chirlian, Basic Network Theory
Control theory
Cybernetics
The Mathematical Formulation of the Problem of Conduction of
Impulses in a Network of Connected Excitable Elements, Specifically in Cardiac Muscle, 1946
Robustness
Modularity & specialization
Highly optimized tolerance
Lipson, Pollack, Suh; Origin of modular variation
21
Application #1 Reading Notes

Recording Short Statements while reading
an article or book is relatively Quick, and
provides a platform for memory retention, as
well as future output.
Example:
Product Design and Development Customer
Needs Identification
Use Mindmap to summarize key points of chapter.
Use Mindmap to display key points in Document
Outline Form (conversion to Word)
22
Examples/ Points
Application #1 Book Notes
Product Design and Development, Chapter 4
Chapter Sections
23
The Mind Map is very Concise:

If we convert the map to MSWord,
PowerPoint or MS Project Format,
we automatically get a pretty good
outline of our thought process ..
24
Slides and Notes are Automatic
25
Example 2 Summarize Concepts
26
Taking Live Notes

Mind Map is both quicker, and more efficient
than hand notes for most lectures
Mind Map is NOT necessarily good for
Technical Lectures??????
27
Mind Map References

Software
http://www.mindmapper.com
http://www.conceptdraw.com
http://www.mindmanager.com
http://www.mindjet.com/us/
http://freemind.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page
Freeware
http://www.womenfolk.com/creativity/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_map
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mind_mapping_software
Tony Buzan video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlabrWv25qQ
Google: mind map; creativity, etc. to view different perspectives and
heuristic techniques used for stimulating creativity
Books
The Mind Map Book, T. Buzan, Penguin, 1996.
28
Appendix
Specific Ideas for Manual Mind Mapping
(If you dont want to use the computer
software, or just prefer to do it by hand)
29
APPENDIX Manual Mind Maps
Manual Mind Mapping

Turn a large A4 (11.7" x 8.3") or preferably A3 (16.7" x 11.7"), white sheet of paper on it's
side (landscape), or use a Mind Map pad.
Gather a selection of colored pens, ranging from fine nib to medium and highlighters.
Select the topic, problem or subject to be Mind Mapped.
Gather any materials or research or additional information.
Start in the centre with an unframed image approximately 6cm high and wide for an A4
and 10cm for an A3.
Use dimension, expression and at least three colors in the central image in order to
attract attention and aid memory.
Make the branches closest to the centre thicker, attached to the image and wavy
(organic). Place the Basic Ordering Ideas (BOIs) or the 'chapter heading' equivalents on
the branches.
Branch thinner lines off the end of the appropriate BOIs to hold supporting data (most
important closest).
Use images wherever possible.
The image or word should always sit on a line of the same length.
Use colors as your own special code to show people, topics, themes or dates and to
make the Mind Map more beautiful.
Capture all ideas (your own or others), then edit, re-organise, make more beautiful,
elaborate or clarify as a second stage of thinking.
Source: http://www.mind-map.com/EN/sitemap.html
30
Manual Mind Map Laws

These are the brain-reflecting foundation structures of a Mind Map.
The more of them you follow, the more effective your Mind Map.
Start in the centre with an image of the topic, using at least 3 colours.
Use images, symbols, codes and dimensions throughout your
Mind Map.
Select key words and print using upper or lower case letters.
Each word word/image must be alone and sitting on its own line.
The lines must be connected, starting from the central image. The
central lines are thicker, organic and flowing, becoming thinner as they
radiate out from the centre.
Make the lines the same length as the word/image.
Use colours your own code throughout the Mind Map.
Develop your own personal style of Mind Mapping.
Use emphasis and show associations in your Mind Map.
Keep the Mind Map clear by using Radiant hierarchy, numerical order
or outlines to embrace your branches.
Source: http://www.mind-map.com/mindmaps_howto.htm
31
A Mind Map of a Manual Mind Map
Source: http://www.mind-map.com/mindmaps_howto.htm
32

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Todays Topics on Creativity

Mind Map Philosophy:

What is a Mind Map (1 of 2)?

It gives you the freedom to roam the expanses of your brain.

What is a Mind Map (2 of 2)?

Creative Thinking and MindMaps

To clear the mind of paradigms, thus providing

Why Mind Map?

Take longer to read and review

Mind Map - Basics

Memory is naturally associative, not linear

The mind remembers key words and images,

Mind maps are more visual and depict

Subordinate ideas branch out from main

Use images wherever practical

Link and associate ideas

How to Mind Map

The Mind Map Creative Thinking Mechanism

Associate new and unique ideas with pre-existing ones

Examples of Mind Mapping

Counter Littoral Threat Weapon

System Energizing Detonating

Counter Littoral Threat Weapon

Active target Depth Weapon steering Control

From System Architecting to Torpedo Product

Progression of Principles Development

6. Develop Prescriptive principle

Synthesized Principles from

Literature Search Map

Languages and semantics

Hajela & Kim, Energy min for CA

Genetic algorithms in search,

Complexity and robustness,

Universal spaces: a basis for studies

Studies of the spontaneous emergence

Uses GA for creating the CA rule,

Exploring component-based representations

Three ways to grow designs: ...

Hornby, Generative representations for

The Mathematical Theory

Ullman, The Mechanical

Evolution and the

John von Neumann

Alan Turing, On computable numbers,

A Collection of Mathematical Problems, 1950

The chemical basis of Morphogenesis, 1952

The game of life

Hajela and Kim, GA based learning in CA

Jakiela, Continuum structural topology design with genetic algorithms

The New Kind of Science, 2002

The father of self-reproducing

Modularity in Evolution, 2004

Hornby dissertation, Generative representations

Compact unstructured representations for evolu

Rothman & Zaleski

Lattice-Gas Cellular Automata, 1997

Andrew Adamatzky, Computing

Structural design using CA,

On Growth and Form, 1917

Modularity & specialization

Highly optimized tolerance

Lipson, Pollack, Suh; Origin of modular variation

Application #1 Reading Notes

Application #1 Book Notes