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69.DNSINTERVIEWQUESTIONS&ANSWERSVISHNUPRASAD.C.B

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6.INTERNET CONNECTION SHARING IN
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18.WSUS STEP BY STEP...
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20.XP TRICKS...

>WhatisthemainpurposeofaDNSserver?
DNSserversareusedtoresolveFQDNhostnamesintoIPaddressesandvice
versa.
>Whatistheportnoofdns?
53.
>WhatisaForwardLookup?
ResolvingHostNamestoIPAddresses.
>WhatisReverseLookup?
It?safilecontainshostnamestoIPmappinginformation.
>WhatisaResourceRecord?
ItisarecordprovidestheinformationabouttheresourcesavailableintheN/W
infrastructure.
>Whatarethediff.DNSRoles?
StandardPrimary,StandardSecondary,&ADIntegrated.
>WhatisaZone?
ZoneisasubtreeofDNSdatabase.
>Secureservicesinyournetworkrequirereversenameresolutionto
makeitmoredifficulttolaunchsuccessfulattacksagainsttheservices.
Tosetthisup,youconfigureareverselookupzoneandproceedtoadd
records.Whichrecordtypesdoyouneedtocreate?
PTRRecords

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21.XP UNIVERSAL PRODUCT KEY...

22.LOTUS QUICK REFERENCE..
23.LDAP
24.GROUP TYPES AND SCOPES IN SERVER
2003
25.FUNCTIONAL LEVELS IN SERVER 2003
26.BLOCK USB FLASH DRIVE BY GPO
27.BLOCK USB DRIVE VIA REGISTRY
28.INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(GENERAL)
29.ALL ABOUT DNS...
30.VERITAS ADMINISTRATION
31.IP SECURITY POLICY
33.BOOTING PROCESS
34. HOW TO CONFIGURE GMAIL IN
OUTLOOK
35.PREVENT E-MAIL MESSAGE
RECIPIENTS FROM USING REPLY ALL OR
FORWARD...
36.RECALL OR REPLACE A MESSAGE YOU
HAVE ALREADY SENT....
37.MAXIMUM SIZE OF A .PST FILE AND
MORE IN OUTLOOK....
38.DISABLE AND REMOVE WINDOWS
GENUINE ADVANTAGE NOTIFICATIONS NAG
SCREEN
39.HOW TO CHANGE THE PRODUCT KEY
FOR OFFICE XP, FOR OFFICE 2003, AND FOR
THE 2007 OFFICE SYSTEM
40.TO AVOID "CHKDSK" WHICH STARTS
AUTOMATICALLY ,WHILE BOOTING
WINDOWS
41."The Windows Installer service could
not be accessed" ERROR MESSAGE WHEN
YOU TRY TO INSTALL OFFICE
42.DISABLE ANNOYING "RESTART
NOTIFICATION" AFTER WINDOWS UPDATE
43.EXCHANGE SERVER TIPS:
44."Windows cannot display Windows
Firewall settings" error while accessing
Firewall settings" IN WINDOWS XP

69.DNSINTERVIEWQUESTIONS&ANSWERSVISHNUPRASAD.C.B

>SOArecordsmustbeincludedineveryzone.Whataretheyusedfor?
SOArecordscontainaTTLvalue,usedbydefaultinallresourcerecordsinthe
zone.SOArecordscontaintheemailaddressofthepersonwhoisresponsible
formaintainingthezone.SOArecordscontainthecurrentserialnumberofthe
zone,whichisusedinzonetransfers.
>Bydefault,ifthenameisnotfoundinthecacheorlocalhostsfile,what
isthefirststeptheclienttakestoresolvetheFQDNnameintoanIP
address?
PerformsarecursivesearchthroughtheprimaryDNSserverbasedonthe
networkinterfaceconfiguration.
>Whatisprimary,Secondary,stub&ADIntegratedZone?
PrimaryZone:zonewhichissavedasnormaltextfilewithfilename(.dns)in
DBSfolder.Maintainsaread,writecopyofzonedatabase.
SecondaryZone:maintainsareadonlycopyofzonedatabaseonanotherDNS
server.Providesfaulttoleranceandloadbalancingbyactingasbackupserverto
primaryserver.
Stubzone:containsacopyofnameserverandSOArecordsusedforreducing
theDNSsearchorders.Providesfaulttoleranceandloadbalancing.
>HowdoyoumanuallycreateSRVrecordsinDNS?
Thisisonwindowsservergotorun>dnsmgmt.mscrightclickonthezone
youwanttoaddsrvrecordtoandchoose"othernewrecord"andchooseservice
location(srv).
>WhatisthemainpurposeofSRVrecords?
SRVrecordsareusedinlocatinghoststhatprovidecertainnetworkservices.
>Beforeinstallingyourfirstdomaincontrollerinthenetwork,you
installedaDNSserverandcreatedazone,namingitasyouwouldname
yourADdomain.However,aftertheinstallationofthedomain
controller,youareunabletolocateinfrastructureSRVrecordsanywhere
inthezone.Whatisthemostlikelycauseofthisfailure?
Thezoneyoucreatedwasnotconfiguredtoallowdynamicupdates.Thelocal
interfaceontheDNSserverwasnotconfiguredtoallowdynamicupdates.
>Whichofthefollowingconditionsmustbesatisfiedtoconfigure

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45.COPY USER PROFILES IN WINDOWS XP

46.UNABLE TO VIEW INTERNET
SHORTCUTS..
47.UNDERSTANDING BLUE SCREEN OF
DEATH ERROR..
48.DOMAIN RENAMING...
49.HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR
VARIOUS OPERATING SYSTEMS...
50.WINDOWS PRODUCT ACTIVATION...
51.WINDOWS ACTIVATION KILLER
52.HOW TO BACK UP OUTLOOK EXPRESS
ITEMS..
53.HOW TO DISABLE THE ANNOYING
"http://runonce.msn.com/runonce2.aspx
54.ACTIVE DESKTOP RECOVERY
55.HOW TO DISABLE RIGHT CLICK (MOUSE)
56.HOW TO EASILY DISABLE "REPLY TO ALL
AND FORWARD" IN OUTLOOK
57.MICROSOFT Fix it
58.WINDOWS GROUPS OVERVIEW
59.ENTERPRISE VAULT
60.HOW TO SETUP A LOCAL FTP SERVER IN
WINDOWS 7
61.HOW TO FIX A STUCK WINDOWS
UPDATE
62.WINDOWS ACTIVE DIRECTORY
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS -PART 1
63.WINDOWS ACTIVE DIRECTORY
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS -PART 2
64.ALL ABOUT WINDOWS 8
65.AVAYA TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
66.WINDOWS DESKTOP INTERVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
67.RAID LEVELS
68.DHCP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
69.DNS INTERVIEW QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS

69.DNSINTERVIEWQUESTIONS&ANSWERSVISHNUPRASAD.C.B

dynamicDNSupdatesforlegacyclients?
Thezonetobeusedfordynamicupdatesmustbeconfiguredtoallowdynamic
updates.TheDHCPservermustsupport,andbeconfiguredtoallow,dynamic
updatesforlegacyclients.
>Atsomepointduringthenameresolutionprocess,therequesting
partyreceivedauthoritativereply.Whichfurtheractionsarelikelytobe
takenafterthisreply?
Afterreceivingtheauthoritativereply,theresolutionprocessiseffectivelyover.
>Name3benefitsofusingADintegratedzones.
ActiveDirectoryintegratedDNSenablesActiveDirectorystorageandreplication
ofDNSzonedatabases.Windows2000DNSserver,theDNSserverthatis
includedwithWindows2000Server,accommodatesstoringzonedatainActive
Directory.
WhenyouconfigureacomputerasaDNSserver,zonesareusuallystoredastext
filesonnameserversthatis,allofthezonesrequiredbyDNSarestoredinatext
fileontheservercomputer.
ThesetextfilesmustbesynchronizedamongDNSnameserversbyusinga
systemthatrequiresaseparatereplicationtopologyandschedulecalledazone
transferHowever,ifyouuseActiveDirectoryintegratedDNSwhenyouconfigure
adomaincontrollerasaDNSnameserver,zonedataisstoredasanActive
Directoryobjectandisreplicatedaspartofdomainreplication.
>Yourcompanyusestendomaincontrollers,threeofwhicharealso
usedasDNSservers.YouhaveonecompanywideADintegratedzone,
whichcontainsseveralthousandresourcerecords.Thiszonealsoallows
dynamicupdates,anditiscriticaltokeepthiszoneuptodate.
Replicationbetweendomaincontrollerstakesupasignificantamountof
bandwidth.Youarelookingtocutbandwidthusageforthepurposeof
replication.Whatshouldyoudo?
ChangethereplicationscopetoallDNSserversinthedomain.
>YouareadministeringanetworkconnectedtotheInternet.Yourusers
complainthateverythingisslow.Preliminaryresearchoftheproblem
indicatesthatittakesaconsiderableamountoftimetoresolvenamesof
resourcesontheInternet.Whatisthemostlikelyreasonforthis?

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DNSserversarenotcachingreplies..Localclientcomputersarenotcaching
repliesThecache.dnsfilemayhavebeencorruptedontheserver.
>WhatarethebenefitsofusingWindows2003DNSwhenusingAD
integratedzones?
IfyourDNStopologyincludesActiveDirectory,useActiveDirectoryintegrated
zones.ActiveDirectoryintegratedzonesenableyoutostorezonedatainthe
ActiveDirectorydatabase.ZoneinformationaboutanyprimaryDNSserverwithin
anActiveDirectoryintegratedzoneisalwaysreplicated.
BecauseDNSreplicationissinglemaster,aprimaryDNSserverinastandard
primaryDNSzonecanbeasinglepointoffailure.InanActiveDirectory
integratedzone,aprimaryDNSservercannotbeasinglepointoffailurebecause
ActiveDirectoryusesmultimasterreplication.
Updatesthataremadetoanydomaincontrollerarereplicatedtoalldomain
controllersandthezoneinformationaboutanyprimaryDNSserverwithinan
ActiveDirectoryintegratedzoneisalwaysreplicated.
ActiveDirectoryintegratedzones:Enableyoutosecurezonesbyusingsecure
dynamicupdate.
Provideincreasedfaulttolerance.EveryActiveDirectoryintegratedzonecanbe
replicatedtoalldomaincontrollerswithintheActiveDirectorydomainorforest.
AllDNSserversrunningonthesedomaincontrollerscanactasprimaryservers
forthezoneandacceptdynamicupdates.
Enablereplicationthatpropagateschangeddataonly,compressesreplicated
data,andreducesnetworktraffic.IfyouhaveanActiveDirectoryinfrastructure,
youcanonlyuseActiveDirectoryintegratedzonesonActiveDirectorydomain
controllers.IfyouareusingActiveDirectoryintegratedzones,youmustdecide
whetherornottostoreActiveDirectoryintegratedzonesintheapplication
directorypartition.
YoucancombineActiveDirectoryintegratedzonesandfilebasedzonesinthe
samedesign.Forexample,iftheDNSserverthatisauthoritativefortheprivate
rootzoneisrunningonanoperatingsystemotherthanWindowsServer2003or
Windows2000,itcannotactasanActiveDirectorydomaincontroller.Therefore,
youmustusefilebasedzonesonthatserver.However,youcandelegatethis
zonetoanydomaincontrollerrunningeitherWindowsServer2003orWindows
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2000.
>YouinstalledanewADdomainandthenew(andfirst)DChasnotregistered
itsSRVrecordsinDNS.Nameafewpossiblecauses.
ThemachinecannotbeconfiguredwithDNSclientherown.
TheDNSservicecannotberun.
>WhatarethebenefitsandscenariosofusingStubzones?
Understandingstubzones
Astubzoneisacopyofazonethatcontainsonlythoseresourcerecordsnecessaryto
identifytheauthoritativeDomainNameSystem(DNS)serversforthatzone.
AstubzoneisusedtoresolvenamesbetweenseparateDNSnamespaces.Thistypeof
resolutionmaybenecessarywhenacorporatemergerrequiresthattheDNSserversfor
twoseparateDNSnamespacesresolvenamesforclientsinbothnamespaces.
Astubzoneconsistsof:
?Thestartofauthority(SOA)resourcerecord,nameserver(NS)resourcerecords,and
theglueAresourcerecordsforthedelegatedzone.TheIPaddressofoneormore
masterserversthatcanbeusedtoupdatethestubzone.Themasterserversforastub
zoneareoneormoreDNSserversauthoritativeforthechildzone,usuallytheDNS
serverhostingtheprimaryzoneforthedelegateddomainname.
Usestubzonesto:
?Keepdelegatedzoneinformationcurrent.
Byupdatingastubzoneforoneofitschildzonesregularly,theDNSserverhostingboth
theparentzoneandthestubzonewillmaintainacurrentlistofauthoritativeDNS
serversforthechildzone.
?Improvenameresolution.
StubzonesenableaDNSservertoperformrecursionusingthestubzone'slistofname
serverswithoutneedingtoquerytheInternetorinternalrootserverfortheDNS
namespace.
?SimplifyDNSadministration.
ByusingstubzonesthroughoutyourDNSinfrastructure,youcandistributealistofthe
authoritativeDNSserversforazonewithoutusingsecondaryzones.However,stubzones
donotservethesamepurposeassecondaryzonesandarenotanalternativewhen
consideringredundancyandloadsharing.
TherearetwolistsofDNSserversinvolvedintheloadingandmaintenanceofastub
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zone:
?ThelistofmasterserversfromwhichtheDNSserverloadsandupdatesastubzone.A
masterservermaybeaprimaryorsecondaryDNSserverforthezone.Inbothcases,it
willhaveacompletelistoftheDNSserversforthezone.
?ThelistoftheauthoritativeDNSserversforazone.Thislistiscontainedinthestub
zoneusingnameserver(NS)resourcerecords.WhenaDNSserverloadsastubzone,
suchaswidgets.example.com,itqueriesthemasterservers,whichcanbeindifferent
locations,forthenecessaryresourcerecordsoftheauthoritativeserversforthezone
widgets.example.com.Thelistofmasterserversmaycontainasingleserverormultiple
serversandcanbechangedanytime.

>WhatarethebenefitsandscenariosofusingConditionalForwarding?
RatherthanhavingaDNSserverforwardallqueriesitcannotresolveto
forwarders,theDNSservercanforwardqueriesfordifferentdomainnamesto
differentDNSserversaccordingtothespecificdomainnamesthatarecontained
inthequeries.Forwardingaccordingtothesedomainnameconditionsimproves
conventionalforwardingbyaddingasecondconditiontotheforwardingprocess.
AconditionalforwardersettingconsistsofadomainnameandtheIPaddressof
oneormoreDNSservers.ToconfigureaDNSserverforconditionalforwarding,a
listofdomainnamesissetupontheWindowsServer2003basedDNSserver
alongwiththeDNSserverIPaddress.WhenaDNSclientorserverperformsa
queryoperationagainstaWindowsServer2003basedDNSserverthatis
configuredforforwarding,theDNSserverlookstoseeifthequerycanbe
resolvedbyusingitsownzonedataorthezonedatathatisstoredinitscache,
andthen,iftheDNSserverisconfiguredtoforwardforthedomainnamethatis
designatedinthequery(amatch),thequeryisforwardedtotheIPaddressofa
DNSServerthatisassociatedwiththedomainname.IftheDNSserverhasno
domainnamelistedforthenamethatisdesignatedinthequery,itattemptsto
resolvethequerybyusingstandardrecursion.

>Whatisthe224.0.1.24addressusedfor?
WINSservergroupaddress.Usedtosupportautodiscoveryanddynamic
configurationofreplicationforWINSservers.Formoreinformation,seeWINS
replicationoverviewWINSservergroupaddress.Usedtosupportautodiscovery
anddynamicconfigurationofreplicationforWINSservers.
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>DescribetheimportanceofDNStoAD?
WhenMicrosoftbegandevelopmentonActiveDirectory,fullcompatibilitywith
thedomainnamesystem(DNS)wasacriticalpriority.ActiveDirectorywasbuilt
fromthegroundupnotjusttobefullycompatiblewithDNSbuttobeso
integratedwithitthatonecannotexistwithouttheother.Microsoft'sdirectionin
thiscasedidnotjusthappenbychance,butbecauseofthecentralrolethatDNS
playsinInternetnameresolutionandMicrosoft'sdesiretomakeitsproductlines
embracetheInternet.
WhilefullyconformingtothestandardsestablishedforDNS,ActiveDirectorycan
expanduponthestandardfeaturesetofDNSandoffersomenewcapabilities
suchasADIntegratedDNS,whichgreatlyeasestheadministrationrequiredfor
DNSenvironments.Inaddition,ActiveDirectorycaneasilyadapttoexistina
foreignDNSenvironment,suchasUnixBIND,aslongastheBINDversionis
8.2.xorhigher.WhenMicrosoftbegandevelopmentonActiveDirectory,full
compatibilitywiththedomainnamesystem(DNS)wasacriticalpriority.
ActiveDirectorywasbuiltfromthegroundupnotjusttobefullycompatiblewith
DNSbuttobesointegratedwithitthatonecannotexistwithouttheother.
Microsoft'sdirectioninthiscasedidnotjusthappenbychance,butbecauseof
thecentralrolethatDNSplaysinInternetnameresolutionandMicrosoft'sdesire
tomakeitsproductlinesembracetheInternet.
>Whatisthe"inaddr.arpa"zoneusedfor?
InaDomainNameSystem(DNS)environment,itiscommonforauseroran
applicationtorequestaReverseLookupofahostname,giventheIPaddress.
Thisarticleexplainsthisprocess.ThefollowingisquotedfromRFC1035:"The
InternetusesaspecialdomaintosupportgatewaylocationandInternetaddress
tohostmapping.Otherclassesmayemployasimilarstrategyinotherdomains.
Theintentofthisdomainistoprovideaguaranteedmethodtoperformhost
addresstohostnamemapping,andtofacilitatequeriestolocateallgatewayson
aparticularnetworkontheInternet.
"ThedomainbeginsatINADDR.ARPAandhasasubstructurewhichfollowsthe
Internetaddressingstructure."DomainnamesintheINADDR.ARPAdomainare
definedtohaveuptofourlabelsinadditiontotheINADDR.ARPAsuffix.Each
labelrepresentsoneoctetofanInternetaddress,andisexpressedasa
characterstringforadecimalvalueintherange0255(withleadingzeros
omittedexceptinthecaseofazerooctetwhichisrepresentedbyasinglezero).
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"Hostaddressesarerepresentedbydomainnamesthathaveallfourlabels
specified."ReverseLookupfilesusethestructurespecifiedinRFC1035.
Forexample,ifyouhaveanetworkwhichis150.10.0.0,thentheReverse
Lookupfileforthisnetworkwouldbe10.150.INADDR.ARPA.AnyhostswithIP
addressesinthe150.10.0.0networkwillhaveaPTR(or'Pointer')entryin
10.150.INADDR.ARPAreferencingthehostnameforthatIPaddress.Asingle
INADDR.ARPAfilemaycontainentriesforhostsinmanydomains.Considerthe
followingscenario.ThereisaReverseLookupfile10.150.INADDR.ARPAwiththe
followingcontents:Exp:1.20INPTRWS1.ACME.COM.
>WhataretherequirementsfromDNStosupportAD?
WhenyouinstallActiveDirectoryonamemberserver,thememberserveris
promotedtoadomaincontroller.ActiveDirectoryusesDNSasthelocation
mechanismfordomaincontrollers,enablingcomputersonthenetworktoobtain
IPaddressesofdomaincontrollers.DuringtheinstallationofActiveDirectory,the
service(SRV)andaddress(A)resourcerecordsaredynamicallyregisteredin
DNS,whicharenecessaryforthesuccessfulfunctionalityofthedomaincontroller
locator(Locator)mechanism.
Tofinddomaincontrollersinadomainorforest,aclientqueriesDNSfortheSRV
andADNSresourcerecordsofthedomaincontroller,whichprovidetheclient
withthenamesandIPaddressesofthedomaincontrollers.Inthiscontext,the
SRVandAresourcerecordsarereferredtoasLocatorDNSresourcerecords.
Whenaddingadomaincontrollertoaforest,youareupdatingaDNSzone
hostedonaDNSserverwiththeLocatorDNSresourcerecordsandidentifying
thedomaincontroller.Forthisreason,theDNSzonemustallowdynamicupdates
(RFC2136)andtheDNSserverhostingthatzonemustsupporttheSRV
resourcerecords(RFC2782)toadvertisetheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice.
FormoreinformationaboutRFCs,seeDNSRFCs.
IftheDNSserverhostingtheauthoritativeDNSzoneisnotaserverrunning
Windows2000orWindowsServer2003,contactyourDNSadministratorto
determineiftheDNSserversupportstherequiredstandards.Iftheserverdoes
notsupporttherequiredstandards,ortheauthoritativeDNSzonecannotbe
configuredtoallowdynamicupdates,thenmodificationisrequiredtoyour
existingDNSinfrastructure.
Formoreinformation,seeChecklist:VerifyingDNSbeforeinstallingActive
DirectoryandUsingtheActiveDirectoryInstallationWizard.
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Important
TheDNSserverusedtosupportActiveDirectorymustsupportSRVresource
recordsfortheLocatormechanismtofunction.Formoreinformation,see
Managingresourcerecords.ItisrecommendedthattheDNSinfrastructure
allowsdynamicupdatesofLocatorDNSresourcerecords(SRVandA)before
installingActiveDirectory,butyourDNSadministratormayaddtheseresource
recordsmanuallyafterinstallation.AfterinstallingActiveDirectory,theserecords
canbefoundonthedomaincontrollerinthefollowinglocation:
systemroot\System32\Config\Netlogon.dns.
>Whatdoesazoneconsistof&whydowerequireazone?
Zoneconsistsofresourcerecordsandwerequirezoneforrepresentingsites.
>WhatisCachingOnlyServer?
Whenweinstall2000&2003serveritisconfiguredascachingonlyserverwhere
itmaintainsthefrequentlyaccessedsitesinformationandagainwhenweaccess
thesamesitefornexttimeitisobtainfromcachedinformationinsteadofgoing
totheactualsite.
>Whatisforwarder?
WhenoneDNSservercan?treceivethequeryitcanbeforwardedtoanother
DNSonceconfiguredasforwarder.
>WhatissecondaryDNSServer?
ItisbackupforprimaryDNSwhereitmaintainsareadonlycopyofDNS
database.
>HowtoenableDynamicupdatesinDNS?
Start>Program>Admintools>DNS>Zoneproperties.
>WhatarethepropertiesofDNSserver?
INTERFACES,FORWARDERS,ADVANCED,ROUTINGS,SECURITY,MONITORING,
LOGGING,DEBUGLOGGING.
>PropertiesofaZone?
General,SOA,NAMESERVER,WINS,Security,andZONETransfer.
>Whatisscavenging?
Findinganddeletingunwantedrecords.
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>WhatareSRVrecords?
SRVaretheservicerecords,thereare6servicerecords.Theyareusefulfor
locatingtheservices.
>WhatarethetypesofSRVrecords?
MSDCS:ContainsDCsinformation.
TCP:ContainsGlobalCatalog,Kerberos&LDAPinformation.
UDP:ContainsSitesinformation.
Sites:ContainsSitesinformation.
DomainDNSZone:Conationsdomain?sDNSspecificinformation.
ForestDNSzone:ContainsForest?sSpecificInformation.
>WheredoesaHostFileReside?
c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc.
>WhatisSOA?
StartofAuthority:usefulwhenazonestarts.Providesthezonestartup
information.
>Whatisaquery?
ArequestmadebytheDNSclienttoprovidethenameserverinformation.
>Whatarethediff.typesofQueries?
Recursion,iteration.
>ToolsfortroubleshootingDNS?
DNSConsole,NSLOOKUP,DNSCMD,IPCONFIG,Logs.
>WhatisWINSserver?whereweuseWINSserver?differencebetween
DNSandWINS?
WINSiswindowsinternetnameserviceusedtoresolvetheNetBIOS(computer
name)nametoIPaddress.ThisisproprietaryforWindows.Youcanusein
LAN.DNSisaDomainNamingSystem,whichresolvesHostnamestoIP
addresses.Itusesfullyqualifieddomainnames.DNSisanInternetstandard
usedtoresolvehostnames.
>WhatisnewinWindowsServer2003regardingtheDNSmanagement?
WhenDCpromotionoccurswithanexistingforest,theActiveDirectory
InstallationWizardcontactsanexistingDCtoupdatethedirectoryandreplicate
fromtheDCtherequiredportionsofthedirectory.
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IfthewizardfailstolocateaDC,itperformsdebuggingandreportswhatcaused
thefailureandhowtofixtheproblem.Inordertobelocatedonanetwork,every
DCmustregisterinDNSDClocatorDNSrecords.TheActiveDirectoryInstallation
WizardverifiesaproperconfigurationoftheDNSinfrastructure.AllDNS
configurationdebuggingandreportingactivityisdonewiththeActiveDirectory
InstallationWizard.
>SOArecordsmustbeincludedineveryzone.Whataretheyusedfor?
SOArecordscontainaTTLvalue,usedbydefaultinallresourcerecordsinthe
zone.SOArecordscontaintheemailaddressofthepersonwhoisresponsible
formaintainingthezone.SOArecordscontainthecurrentserialnumberofthe
zone,whichisusedinzonetransfers.
Bydefault,ifthenameisnotfoundinthecacheorlocalhostsfile,whatisthe
firststeptheclienttakestoresolvetheFQDNnameintoanIPaddress?Performs
arecursivesearchthroughtheprimaryDNSserverbasedonthenetwork
interfaceconfiguration.
>HowdoIcleartheDNScacheontheDNSserver?
Gotocmdpromptandtypeipconfig/flushdns.
>WhatisthemainpurposeofSRVrecords?
SRVrecordsareusedinlocatinghoststhatprovidecertainnetworkservices.
>Beforeinstallingyourfirstdomaincontrollerinthenetwork,you
installedaDNSserverandcreatedazone,namingitasyouwouldname
yourADdomain.However,aftertheinstallationofthedomain
controller,youareunabletolocateinfrastructureSRVrecordsanywhere
inthezone.Whatisthemostlikelycauseofthisfailure?
Thezoneyoucreatedwasnotconfiguredtoallowdynamicupdates.Thelocal
interfaceontheDNSserverwasnotconfiguredtoallowdynamicupdates.
>Whatisthe"."zoneinmyforwardlookupzone?
ThissettingdesignatestheWindows2000orWindowsServer2003DNSserver
tobearoothintserverandisusuallydeleted.Ifyoudonotdeletethissetting,
youmaynotbeabletoperformexternalnameresolutiontotheroothintservers
ontheInternet.
>DoIneedtoconfigureforwardersinDNS?
No.Bydefault,Windows2000DNSusestheroothintserversontheInternet
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however,youcanconfigureforwarderstosendDNSqueriesdirectlytoyourISP's
DNSserverorotherDNSservers.Mostofthetime,whenyouconfigure
forwarders,DNSperformanceandefficiencyincreases,butthisconfigurationcan
alsointroduceapointoffailureiftheforwardingDNSserverisexperiencing
problems.
Theroothintservercanprovidealevelofredundancyinexchangeforslightly
increasedDNStrafficonyourInternetconnection.WindowsServer2003DNSwill
queryroothintsserversifitcannotquerytheforwarders.
>ShouldIpointtheotherWindows2000basedandWindowsServer
2003basedcomputersonmyLANtomyISP'sDNSservers?
No.IfaWindows2000basedorWindowsServer2003basedserveror
workstationdoesnotfindthedomaincontrollerinDNS,youmayexperience
issuesjoiningthedomainorloggingontothedomain.AWindows2000basedor
WindowsServer2003basedcomputer'spreferredDNSsettingshouldpointto
theWindows2000orWindowsServer2003domaincontrollerrunningDNS.
IfyouareusingDHCP,makesurethatyouviewscopeoption#15forthecorrect
DNSserversettingsforyourLAN.
>DoIneedtopointcomputersthatarerunningWindowsNT4.0or
MicrosoftWindows95,MicrosoftWindows98,orMicrosoftWindows98
SecondEditiontotheWindows2000orWindowsServer2003DNS
server?
LegacyoperatingsystemscontinuetouseNetBIOSfornameresolutiontofinda
domaincontrollerhoweveritisrecommendedthatyoupointallcomputersto
theWindows2000orWindowsServer2003DNSserverfornameresolution.
>WhatifmyWindows2000orWindowsServer2003DNSserveris
behindaproxyserverorfirewall?
IfyouareabletoquerytheISP'sDNSserversfrombehindtheproxyserveror
firewall,Windows2000andWindowsServer2003DNSserverisabletoquery
theroothintservers.UDPandTCPPort53shouldbeopenontheproxyserveror
firewall.
>WhatshouldIdoifthedomaincontrollerpointstoitselfforDNS,but
theSRVrecordsstilldonotappearinthezone?
Checkforadisjointednamespace,andthenrunNetdiag.exe/fix.
YoumustinstallSupportToolsfromtheWindows2000ServerorWindowsServer
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2003CDROMtorunNetdiag.exe.
>HowdoIsetupDNSforachilddomain?
TosetupDNSforachilddomain,createadelegationrecordontheparentDNS
serverforthechildDNSserver.CreateasecondaryzoneonthechildDNSserver
thattransferstheparentzonefromtheparentDNSserver.
NoteWindowsServer2003hasadditionaltypesofzones,suchasStubZones
andforestlevelintegratedActiveDirectoryzones,thatmaybeabetterfitfor
yourenvironment.Setthechilddomaincontrollertopointtoitselffirst.Assoon
asanadditionaldomaincontrollerisavailable,setthechilddomaincontrollerto
pointtothisdomaincontrollerinthechilddomainasitssecondary.

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