FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

PART B UNIT -1
1.A simply supported beam is subjected to uniformly distributed load over
entire span. Determine the bending moment and deflection at the mid span
using Rayleigh-Ritz method and compare with exact solution. Use a two term
trial function
y= a1sin(x/l)+ a2sin(3x/l)
2.A beam AB of span l simply supported at the ends and carrying a
concentrated load W at the centre C as shown in figure .Determine the
deflection at the mid span by using Rayleigh-Ritz method and compare with
exact solution. Use a suitable one term trigonometric trial function.

3. A simply supported beam is subjected to uniformly distributed load over

entire span and it is subjected to a point load at the centre of the span.
Calculate the bending moment and deflection at the mid span using
Rayleigh-Ritz method and compare with exact solution.
4. The following differential equation is available for a physical
phenomenon.d2y/dx2 + 50 = 0, 0<x<10 The trial function is, y=ax(10-x) The
boundary conditions are y(0)=0 and y(10)=0.Find the value of the parameter
a by (i) Point collocation method (ii) Sub-domain collocation method (iii)
Least squares method (iv) Galerkins method.
5. Write short notes on (i) Gaussian elimination (ii) Galerkins method
6. Explain the process of discretization in detail.

7. A cantilever beam of length L is loaded with a point load at the free end.
Find the maximum deflection and maximum bending moment using
Rayleigh-Ritz method using the function y=a{1-Cos (x/2L)}.Given EI is
constant.

PART-B UNIT II (16 Marks)

1. i) Derive the shape functions for a 2-D beam element
ii) Derive the stiffness matrix of a 2-D truss element
2. Derive the shape functions for a 2 noded beam element and a 3 noded bar
element.
3. Derive the stiffness matrix of a 3 noded bar element using the principle of
potential energy.
4. Calculate the nodal displacements and forces for the bar loaded as shown
in figure.
5. A stepped bar is subjected to an axial load of 200 KN at the place of
change of cross section and material as shown in figure. Find (a) The nodal
displacements (b) the reaction forces (c) the induced stresses in each
material

6. For a tapered bar of uniform thickness t=10mm as shown in figure. Find

the displacements at the nodes by forming into two element model. The bar
has a mass density = 7800 Kg/M3, the youngs modulus E = 2x105 MN/m2.
In addition to self weight, the bar is subjected to a point load P= 1 KN at its
centre. Also determine the reaction forces at the support.

7. Consider a 4-bar truss as shown in figure 2.7. It is given that E = 200 GPa
and A= 500 mm2 for all the elements. Determine (a) Nodal displacements (b)
Support reactions (c) Element stresses.

PART-B UNIT III

1. Find the temperature at a point P (1, 1.5) inside a triangular element
shown with nodal temperatures given as Ti= 40C, Tj= 34C and Tk= 46C.
Also determine the location of the 42C contour line for the triangular
element shown in figure.

2. Calculate the element stiffness matrix and thermal force vector for the
plane stress element shown in figure. The element experiences a rise of
10C.

3. Derive the stiffness matrix and equations for a CST element. (16)
4. Derive the stiffness matrix and equations for a LST element (16)
5. Derive the shape functions for a bilinear rectangular element . (16)
6. For a 4-noded rectangular element shown in figure 3.6. Determine the
temperature at the point (7,4). The nodal values of the temperatures are T1=
42C, T2= 54C and T3= 56C and T4= 46C. Also determine the three
points on the 50C contour line.
Figure 3.6

7. For the plane stress element shown in figure 3.7. Evaluate the stiffness
matrix. Assume E = 210 X 103 N/mm2, poissons ratio =0.25 and element
thickness t=10mm. The coordinates are given in millimeters. (16)

UNIT -4 PART B
1. For the one-dimensional bar
discretized into three element as
shown in fig. Determine the lumped
and consistent mass matrix. Let the
bar properties be E, , and A
throughout the bar.
2. Consider a cantilever beam as
shown in figure . Determine the natural frequency of vibration of cantilever
beam of length L, assuming constant values of , E, and A.

3.Using two equal length finite elements except that the mass matrix are
lumped , that is tale the element mass matrix as, [m] = [m2] = AL/4
Determine the natural frequencies of the solid circular shaft fixed at once
asshown in figure and compare with those obtained using consistent mass
matrix.

4. Determine the natural frequency of the simply supported beam as shown

in figure, Compare the result obtained using the following, I. One element
model II. Two element model Take E = 2 105 N/mm2 , = 700kg/ m3 .

5. Find the natural frequencies of longitudinal vibration of the constrained

stepped bar as shown in figure.

6. Consider the system shown in figure. Determine the stiffness and mass
matrix of the structure.

UNIT -5 PARTS B
1. A composite wall consists of three materials as shown in figure. The outer
temperature is To = 20C , Convection heat transfer takes place on the inner
surface of the wall with T = 800C and h= 75 W/mC.Determine the
temperature distribution in the wall.

2. A metallic fin, with thermal conductivity k = 360 W/mC, 0.1 cm thick and
10cm long,
extends from a plane wall whose temperature is 235 C. Determine the
temperature distribution and amount of heat transferred from the fin to the
air at 20C with h= 9 W/mC.Take width of the fin to be 1 m.
3. For the two-dimensional body shown in Figure, determine the temperature
distribution. The temperature at the left side of the body is maintained at
100C. The edges on the top and bottom of the body are insulated. There is
heat convection from the right side with convection coefficient h = 20
W/mC.The free stream temperature is T = 50 C. The coefficient of
thermal conductivity are kx = ky = 25 W/mC.The dimensions are shown in
the figure. Assume the thickness is 1 m.

4. For the two-dimensional body as shown in figure , determine the

temperature distribution . The temperature at the top side of the body is
maintained at 100 C. The body is insulated on the other edges. A uniform
heat source of Q = 1000 W/m acts over the whole plates, as shown in figure.
Assume a constant thickness of 1m. Let kx = ky =25 W/mC.

5. For the element shown in Figure, determine the k and F matrices. The
conductivities are kx = ky = 15 W/mC and the convection coefficient is h=
20 W/mC.Convection occurs across the i-j surface. The free-stream
temperature is T = 70C.The co ordinates are expressed in units of m .Let
the line source be Q*= 150W/m as located in the figure. Assume the
thickness of the element is 1m.