Directorate of Distance Education

J.R.N. Rajasthan Vidyapeeth University

Pratap Nagar, Udaipur

Syllabus
For
Bachelors of Technology
(B.Tech)

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
Chemical
Course Structure
Second Year
Third Semester
Paper
Code

Subject

BSCH1
BSCH2
BSCH3
BSCH4
BSCH5

Mathematics III
Thermodynamics
Transport Processes
Non-conventional Energy Engg.
Electrical Machine

Syllabus
BSCH1 : MATHEMATICS III
1. PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Introduction, Limit , Partial derivatives , Partial derivatives of Higher orders, Which variable is to be
treated as constant, Homogeneous function, Eulers Theorem on Homogeneous Functions, Introduction,

dz
Total Differential Coefficient, Important Deductions, Typical cases, Geometrical Interpretation of dx ,
dz
dy , Tangent plane to a surface, Error determination, Jacobians, Properties of Jacobians, Jacobians of
Implicit Functions, Partial Derivatives of Implicit Functions by Jacobian, Taylors series, Conditions for
F(x,y) to be of two variables maximum or minimum, Lagranges method of undermined Multipliers.
2. PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Partial Differential Equations, Order, Method of Forming Partial Differential Equations, Solution of
Equation by direct Integration, Lagranges Linear equation, Working Rule, Method of Multipliers, Partial
Differential Equations non- Linear in p,q , Linear Homogeneous Partial Diff. Eqn., Rules for finding the
complimentary function, Rules for finding the particular Integral, Introduction, Method of Separation of
Variables, Equation of Vibrating Strain, Solution of Wave Equation, One Dimensional Heat Flow, Two
dimensional Heat Flow.
3. FOURIER SERIES
Periodic Functions, Fourier Series, Dirichlets Conditions, Advantages of Fourier Series, Useful Integrals,
Determination of Fourier constants (Eulers Formulae), Functions defined in two or more sub spaces, Even
Functions, Half Ranges series, Change of Interval, Parsevals Formula, Fourier series in Complex Form,
Practical Harmonic Analysis.

4. LAPLACE TRANSFORMATION
Introduction, Laplace Transform, Important Formulae, Properties of Laplace Transforms, Laplace
Transform of the Derivative of f (t), Laplace Transform of Derivative of order n, Laplace Transform of
Integral of f (t), Laplace Transform of t.f (t) (Multiplication by t), Laplace Transform of

1
f(t) (Diversion
t

by t), Unit step function, second shifting theorem, Theorem, Impulse Function, Periodic Functions,
Convolution Theorem, Laplace Transform of Bessel function, Evaluation of Integral, Formulae of Laplace
Transform, properties of Laplace Transform, Inverse of Laplace Transform, Important formulae,
Multiplication by s, Division of s (Multiplication by 1/s), First shifting properties, second shifting
properties, Inverse Laplace Transform of Derivatives, Inverse Laplace Transform of Integrals,Partial
Fraction Method, Inverse Laplace Transform, Solution of Differential Equations, Solution of simultaneous
equations, Inversion Formulae for the Laplace Transform.
5. NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES
Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations, Taylors Series Method, Picards method of successive
approximations, Eulers method, Eulers Modified formula, Runges Formula, Runges Formula (Third
only), Runges Kutta Formula (Fourth order), Higher order Differential Equations.
6. NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLUTION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
General Linear partial differential equations, Finite-Difference Approximation to Derivatives, Solution of
Partial Differential equation(Laplaces method), Jacobis Iteration Formula, Guass-Seidal method,
Successive over-Relanation or S.O.R. method, Poisson Equation, Heat equation(parabolic equations), Wave
equation (Hyperbolic Equation).
BSCH2 : THERMODYNAMICS
1. Combustion of Fuel
Introduction, Mass fraction and Mole Fraction, Symbols for Elements and Compounds, Combustion
Equations of Gaseous Fuels, Theoretical or Minimum Mass of Air Required for Complete Combustion,
Theoretical or Minimum Volume of Air required for Complete Combustion, Excess Air Supplied, Air Fuel
ratio, Analysis of products of combustion, Combustion Equations, Volumetric analysis of products,
Conversion of volumetric analysis to gravimetric analysis, Volume Fraction, Conversion of volumetric
Analysis into Mass Analysis or Gravimetric Analysis, Conversion of Mass Analysis into Volumetric
Analysis, Mass of Carbon in Fuel Gases, The analysis of Fuel Gas, The Orsat Apparatus.
2. Entropy
Introduction, Entropy as a property, The Second Law, Analysis for Entropy, Clausius Inequality, Change of
entropy in an irreversible process, Change of Entropy for Ideal Gas and Pure Substance, Change of Entropy
of a perfect gas during Various Thermodynamics Processes, Change of Entropy during Constant Process (or
Isobaric Process), Change of Entropy during Constant Temperature Process (or Isothermal process),
Change of Entropy during Reversible Adiabatic Process (or Isentropic Process), Change of Entropy during
Plytropic Process (pn = Constant).
3. Air Compressor
Introduction, Uses of Compressed air for industries, Types of Air Compressors, Capacity Control of
Compressor, Types of compressor valves, Work done by Reciprocating Air Compressor with Clearance
Volume, Effect of Clearance on volumetric efficiency, Condition for maximum efficiency in two stage
compression with intercooling.
4. IC Engine
Introduction, Classification of I.C. Engines, Fuel Supply System for S.I. and C.I. Engine, Ignition Systems
of Petrol Engines, Fuel Injection system for Diesel Engines, Cooling Systems for I.C. Engines, Lubrication
System for I.C. Engines, Governing of internal combustion engines, Main Components of I.C. Engines,
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines, Four-Stroke cycle, Two-stroke cycle.

5. IC Engine Testing & Performance

Indicated Power, Measurement of friction power, Indicated mean Effective Pressure, Measurement of fuel
consumption, Energy balance of an I.C. Engine, Determination of mechanical, Thermal and Relative
efficiency.
6. Steam Process
Introduction, Thermodynamics Processes of Vapour, Enthalpy Entropy or H-S Chart or Mollier Diagram,
Measurement of dryness-fraction of steam, Bucket or Barrel Calorimeter, BOILER, Introduction,
Classification of Boilers, Boiler Mountings and Accessories, Equivalent Evaporation, Boiler Efficiency,
Heat Losses in a Boiler, Heat Balance Sheet, Boiler Draught.
7. Vapour Power Cycle
Introduction, The Carnot cycle, The ideal Rankine Cycle, Factors affecting the performance of Rankine
cycle.
8. Air Standard Cycle
Introduction, Otto Cycle, Diesel Cycle, Dual Combustion Cycle, Comparison of Otto, Diesel Dual Cycle,
Air and Fuel-vapour mixtures Concept of air fuel Cycle.
BSCH3 : TRANSPORT PROCESSES -I
1. INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES AND UNITS
Classification of Unit Operations and Transport Processes, SI System of Basic Units Used in This Text and
Other Systems, Methods of Expressing Temperatures and Compositions, Gas Laws and Vapor Pressure,
Conservation of Mass and Material Balances, Energy and Heat Units, Conservation of Energy and Heat
Balances, Graphical, Numerical, and Mathematical Methods.
2. PRINCIPLES OF MOMENTUM TRANSFER AND OVERALL BALANCES
Introduction, Fluid Statics, General Molecular Transport Equation for Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer,
Viscosity of Fluids, Types of Fluid Flow and Reynolds Number, Overall Mass Balance and Continuity
Equation, Overall Energy Balance, Overall Momentum Balance, Shell Momentum Balance and Velocity
Profile in Laminar Flow, Design Equations for Laminar and Turbulent Flow in Pipes, Compressible Flow
of Gases.
3. PRINCIPLES OF MOMENTUM TRANSFER AND APPLICATIONS
Flow Past Immersed Objects and Packed and Fluidized Beds, Measurement of Flow of Fluids, Pumps and
Gas- Moving Equipment, Agitation and Mixing of Fluids and Power Requirements, Non-Newtonian Fluids,
Differential Equations of Continuity, Differential Equations of Momentum Transfer of Motion, Use of
Differential Equations of Continuity and Motion, Other Methods for Solution of Differential Equations of
Motion, Boundary- Layer Flow and Turbulence, Dimensional Analysis in momentum Transfer.
4. PRINCIPLES OF STEADY-STATE HEAT TRANSFER
Introduction and Mechanisms of Heat Transfer, Conduction Through Solids in Series, Steady-State
Conduction and Shape Factors, Forced Convection Heat Transfer Inside Pipes, Heat Transfer Outside
Various Geometries in Forced Convection, Natural Convection Heat Transfer, Boiling and Condensation,
Heat Exchangers, Introduction to Radiation Heat Transfer, Advanced Radiation Heat Transfer Principles,
Heat Transfer of Non- Newtonian Fluids, Special Heat-Transfer Coefficients, Dimensional Analysis in Heat
Transfer, Numerical Methods for Steady-State Conduction in Two Dimensions.
BSCH4 : NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY ENGINEERING
PART I : SOURCES
1.

DIRECT SOLAR

Introduction, The Solar Energy Supply, History of Direct Solar Energy Utilization, Technologies Based on
Capture of Heat from Sunlight, Technologies for Converting Solar Energy to Electricity
2. WIND ENERGY
Introduction, How does the wind Blow? , Using the Wind, Power in the Wind, Design of Windmills, Wind
Turbine Sizes, Future of Wind Power, Research and Development, Wind Sites and Properties, Storage, The
Indian Scenario.
3. WAVE ENERGY
Introduction, Wave Energy Generation, Wave Energy Conversion Devices, Advantages and Disadvantages
of Wave Energy, Wave Energy and India.
4. TIDAL ENERGY
Introduction, Main Types of Tidal Power Generation Systems, Potential of Tidal Power and Present Status
of its Utilization
5. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Introduction, History and Present Extent of Utilization, Energy Extraction, Geothermal Fields in India,
Major Limitations
6. SMALL HYDRO
Introduction : What is Small Hydro? , A Brief history, Potential of Small Hydro in India, Engineering
Consideration, Incentives for Small Hydro, Technologies Available, The Thrust is Great, Environmental
Impacts.
PART II : ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Introduction, Are Non - Conventional Energy Sources Environmentally Benign? , Biomass Energy
Centralized (Large Scale) Systems, Biomass Energy Dispersed Systems, Ocean Thermal Energy.
BSCH5 : ELECTRICAL MACHINES
1.

INTRODUCTION
Basic concept of Electrical Engineering; Resistance
Inductance
Capacitance
Resistance connected in series and Parallel
Capacitance connected in series and parallel
Concept of AC/DC currents and AC/DC Voltages,
EMF
Potential difference, Work, Power and Energy.

2.

DC NETWORKS
Kirchhoffs Laws,
Node voltage and Mesh current Methods
Delta Star and Star - Delta Conversion
Superposition principle
Thevenins and Nortons Theorems

3.

TRANSFORMER
Construction and principle of XMers
EMF equation
Ideal XMer
Shell type & Core type XMer

Phasor Diagrams
Equivalent Circuits,
Regulation and Efficiency of XMer,
Capacity of XMer, and Losses,
Introduction to Auto XMer
4.

DC MACHINES
Contruction and Principle of DC generation and DC Motor,
Back emf of DC Motor,
Types of DC Motor,
Reversal of Direction of Rotation of DC Motor,
Starting of DC Motor,
Characteristics of DC Motor,
Uses of DC Motor, Losses in DC Machine.

5.

ALTERNATOR
Contruction and Working principle of Alternator,
Application of Alternators.

6.

SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS
Principle of Operation,
Application of Synchronous Motors
Comparision between Synchronous Motor and Induction Motors
***********************

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
Chemical
Course Structure
Second Year
Fourth Semester
Paper
Code

Subject

BSCH6
BSCH7
BSCH8
BSCH9
BSCH10

Society, Environment & Engineering

Intro. to process calc. & Flowsheeting
Numerical Methods
Heat Transfer
Organic & Inorganic Chemistry

Syllabus
BSCH6 : SOCIETY, ENVIRONMENT & ENGINEERING
1. DEFINITION AND SCOPE OF SOCIOLOGY:
Introduction, History of Sociology, Meaning of Sociology, Definition of Sociology, Nature of Sociology,
Scope of Sociology, Specialistic OR Formalistic School, Synthetic School of Thought, Conclusion on
Scope of Sociology, Differences between Social Sciences and Physical Sciences, Sociology and Other
Social Sciences, Sociology and Psychology, Sociology and Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science,
Advantages of Study of Sociology, Utility of Study of Sociology to Engineers, Study of Sociology and
Democracy, Study of Sociology in India, Methods of Predicting: Preferred and Expected Future.
2. BASIC SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPT:
Introduction, Society, Basic Characteristics of Society, Factors affecting Social Life of a man, Social
factors, Biological factors, External factors, Industrial societies/Technological society, Community,
Characteristics of a Community, Comparison between Society and Community, Association, Characteristics
of Association, Comparison between Association and Community, Institution, Characteristics of Institution,
Significance of Institution, Distinction between Institution and Community, Customs, Difference between
Institution and Customs, Customs in Indian Society, Habit, Types of Habits, Difference between Customs
and Habits, Folkways, Mores. Distinction between Folkways and Mores, Fashions, Social Utility of
Fashion, Factor which cause Fashion to spread in Modern Society, Crowd, Characteristics of Crowd,
Theories of Crowd behaviour, Comparison between Crowd and Public, Audience, Mob, Social groups,
Classification of Social group, Cooleys classification:- Primary v/s Secondary group, Difference between
Primary and Secondary group, Social Structure, Role Systems, Role Conflict and Role Strain, Tribe.
3. SOCIAL INSTITUTION:
Introduction, Types of social institution, Origin of society, Theory of Divine origin, Force theory,
Patriarchal and Matriarchal theories, theory of social contract, Organic theory, Group mind theory modern

theory, Socialization, Types of socialization process of socialization, Factors responsible to socialization,

Advantages of socialization. Family characteristics of a family, classification of family, Functions of
family, changing characteristic of modern family, future of family, joint family, characteristics of joint
family, Advantages of joint family, Disadvantages of joint family system. Future of joint family, Nuclear
family or conjugal family, Marriage forms of marriage, Advantages of monogamy, selection of marriage.
Partners. Divorce Reasons for Divorce, Marriage system in India, Hindu marriages Act. Divorce under
marriage act 1955. Marriage and family in India some recent trends, dowry, how to curb this customs,
religion, characteristics of religion, Religion and morality, Distinction between Religion and morality.
Education functionalist aspects of Education Role of social control. Challenges to Education, Reforming
Educational system practical measures to remove illiteracy. Measures to reduce illiteracy full Literacy,
Multiplicity of Language 3 language formula. Write in diversity.
4. SOCIAL CHANGE
Factors of social change, social movements, Types of social movements. Theories of social change,
Resistance to social change. General continues responsible for social change. Causes responsible for
opposition to social changes. When are changes favoured ? Conflicts, causes of conflict, forms of conflict,
co-operation social advantages of co-operation. Conflict and co-operation, competition, Distinction
between competition and conflict, social progress, social invention, social evolution, characteristics of
social evolution, difference between social evolution & social progress, social evolution & social change,
Effects of conflict in social change, role of sociologists in Promoting social change, Social disorganization,
Causes of social disorganization, Symptoms of social disorganization, Difference between social
organization and Disorganization.
5. SOCIAL CONTROL:
Social control and self control necessity of social contril , means of social control informal means of social
control formal methods of Social control . Agencie of social control , persons views about systems,
cybernetic communication and control
6. SOCIAL PROBLEMS:
Deviance , social problems classification of social problems, causes of social problems some important
social problem , major social problems.
7. CULTURE:
What culture is ? , characteristics of culture. Concept connected with culture characteristics of lag, causes
of culture lag , civilization .
Difference between culture and civilization .Acquired behaviour, culture Diffusion.
8. CAPITALISM , MARXISM AND SOCIALISM:
Some important features of capitalism. Advantages of capitalism , Disadvantages of capitalism ,
communism or Marxism. Basic features of communism, Difference between capitalism of communism ,
socialism, silent features of socialism. Difference between socialism and communism.
9. SOCIALOGY AND TECHNICAL CHANGES:
Science and society , Advantages of science and technology in the economic Development , Technology
and women , Influence of Technology on social Insitutions , Influence of family systems, Demerits,
Influence of technology on religion influence of technology on rural life. Influence of Technology on Urban
life, social effects of technology, Technology and planning process of nation.
10. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE:
Introduction , phases in development of Technology , Science & technology in India after independence .
Technology policy statement 1983. Role of Science and technology in development.Super conductivity
programme , Instrument development program. Natural resources date management systems , Nuclear
power program, Indian space program.Technology. Development in Electronics , Results of planning ,
science policy resolution of 1958, manpower Development , Impact of Science & Technology in various
sectors.

11. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND TRANSFER:

Introduction , meaning of Technology Assessment and Transfer what Technology is information
Technology , Technology Assessment , Importance of Technology, Technology forecasting and upgradation,
Appropriate. Technology , criteria for success of Technology Transfer,
Transfer of technology from laboratory to field.
12. CYBERNETICS:
Introduction, what cybernetics is ? control system
13. ENGINEER IN SOCIETY:
Introduction , optimisaiton , Limitations of optimization , concepts of optimisation . Advantages of
optimisation , Methods of optimisation operation research , optimisation of Human Resources . Important
of Human Resources , Human Resources planning, Needs and strategies for Human Resources planning,
factors affecting manpower planning . Responsibility for Human Resource planning , work rules , wage ,
factors affecting wages , methods of wage fixation optimum use of capital resources, capital , Types of
capital , capitalisation , Banking
Classification of bank: Credit instruments optimum utilization of material resources , material Handling ,
Principles & functions of materials Handling material Handling Devices , manual handling , mechanical
handling, conveying equipment , Transportation and transferring equipment , Lifting, lowering or elevating
equipment , Productivity , Labour productivity, importance of productivity, Benefits of productivity
measures of increase of productivity, Automation , formulation of problem , formulation of problems and
alternative solution. Strategies, Alternative solution strategies ; The principle of limiting factor, the basic
process of Evaluation; maintenance of Public system, Defence & Security requirements.
14. INFLATION AND POVERTY:
Inflation, causes of Inflation in India, measures to control inflation and deflation; poverty, Industrialisation
of country; conclusion.
15. ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION AND CONTROL:
Meaning of Environment ; Environment pollution, pollution, classification of pollutants; Effects of
pollution on Living systems, causes of Environmental pollution , Kinds of pollution, suggestion for
improving , atmospheric pollution , Environmental control monitoring of environmental pollution , Air
pollution, classification of air pollutants, sources of Air pollutants, Geographical factors affecting air
pollution , Effects of Air pollution ,prevention and control of Air pollution, water pollution, sources of
water pollution, Effect of water pollution , water Analysis, waste water; its treatment and Enviroments,
waste water treatment , stages of waste , water treatment , treatment and disposal of sewage, treatment of
sewage. Industrial waste treatment and Disposal , Treatment of Efflent, Standards for drinking water, water
treatment process, some suggestions for reducing water pollution , Role of Engineer in Environmental
protection , Ecological imbalance and its Effects,
16. PLANT LAYOUT AND SITE SELECTION:
Introduction , Nature of location decisions, choice of site for location, Urban Area, selection of Site in
Rural Area, Suburban Area, Comparison of site for location of facilities , models of location of service
facilties, Economic survey for site selection , plant layout , Advantages of good layout , Principles of plant
layout, Types of pant layout , Fixed position Layout process layout, product layout, combination layout,
Selection of space requirement in layouts.
17. PERSONAL MANAGEMENT:
Defination of personnel management, importance of personnel management,principle of personnel
management objectives of personnel management functions of personnel management , Recruitment and
selection of employees. Manpower planning ; objectives of manpower planning , Types of manpower
planning , steps in manpower planning , Procedure of appointing an employee in a factory , Training and
Development, principles of Training ,methods of Training , Industrial safety , Accident Human causes,

Effect of accidents, Effect to the Industry , Effect on worker, cost of society, Types of Accidents , Safety
procedures.
Ways to prevent or minimize Accidents , Accident reporting and Investigation, Investigation of causes
Precautionary measures for maintaining . Industrial Health, Incentives premium OR Incentive Bonus
system, Essential s of a Good Incentive systems, Understanding duties of other officials in Department.
Duties of Maintenance Engineer. Duties of safety officer, Duties of Security officer.
18. INDUSTRIAL ACTS:
Introduction, Indian Boiler Act 1923, The Indian factories Act 1948, Health provisions. Important
provisions of the factory Act regarding safety of workers, welfare provisions , penalties for breach of
provisions of the act, Indian Electricity Act, Suppy & Use of Energy, The Employees State Insurance Act
1948, Workmens compensation Act, The Industrial Dispute Act,1947, Strikes and Lockouts, The payment
of wages Act 1936 , The Indian Trade Union Act, 1926 , Minimum Wages Act 1948.
19. STANDARDS:
Indian standard Institution, BIS Publications, ISO-9000 Quality systems.
20. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT:
Difference between Management , Administration, Organisation, Functions of management , Planning ,
Production planning and control , steps in production planning and control , Routing procedure of Routing ,
Scheduling & Loading scheduling and loading , Advantages of planning. Management by objectives,
forecasting , Types of forecasting , organizing , meaning of organization,purpose of organizing, Advantages
of organization. Classification of organization , Hirarchy systems of organization, Advantages &
Disadvantages of scalar systems , Types of organization structures, functional organization, communication
objectives of communication, communication process model superior subordinate communication , Types
of communication systems , Advantages of oral communication systems , Disadvantages of oral
communication systems, written communication, Directing , Nature of Directing, Prinicples of Direction,
controlling , characteristics of Good control systems, co-ordination, Tools of co-ordination, Types of coordination,priniciples of co-ordination, co-ordinationVs co-operation. Motivation Importance of
motivation, Techniques of motivation, Methods of participation, Extent of workers participation in
management, workers participation in Indian Industries, Human needs, Importance of fulfillment of needs,
moslows theory of motivation, Leadership, leadership Style.
BSCH7 : INTRODUCTION TO PROCESS CALCULATION AND FLOWSHEETING
1. MATERIAL BALANCES
The Material Balance, Program of Analysis of Material Balance Problem, Solving Material Balance
Problem that Do not Involve Chemical reactions, Solving Material Balance Problem that Involve Chemical
reactions, Solving Material Balance Problems Involving Multiple Subsystems, Recycle, Bypass, and Purge
Calculations
2. GASES, VAPORS, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS
Vapour Pressure and Liquids, Saturation, Vapour-Liquid Equilibria for Multicomponent Systems, Partial
Saturation and Humidity, Material Balances Involving Condensation and Vaporization Supplementary
References.
3. ENERGY BALANCES
Concepts and Units, Calculation of Enthalpy changes, Applications of the General Energy Balance Without
Reaction occurring, Energy Balances that Account for Chemical Reaction, Humidity Charts and Their Use,
Supplementary References, Problems
4. SOLVING SIMULTANEOUS MATERIAL AND ENERGY BALANCE
Analyzing the Degree of Freedom in a Steady-State Process, Solving Material and Energy Balance Using
Flowsheeting Codes, Supplementary References, Problems

BSCH8 : NUMERICAL METHODS

1. INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL COMPUTING
Introduction, Objective , Numeric Data, Anolog Computing , Digital Computing , Process Of Numerical
Computing , Characteristics Of Numerical Computing , Numercal Stability, Efficiency , Computational
Environment, Summary
2. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND COMPUTING CONCEPTS
Introduction , Objectives, Evolution Of Numerical Computing And Computers, Modern Computers, Fifth
Generation Computers, Types Of Computers , Computing Conceptes, Sub Programs , Intrinsic Functions,
Debugging, Testing And Documentation,Summary
3. COMPUTER CODES & ARITHMETICS
Introduction, Objective, Decimal System, Binary Systems, Hexadecimal System, Conversion Of Numbers,
Representation Of Number, Octal Hexadecimal Conversion, Computer Arithmatic, Errors In Arithmetic,
Laws Of Arithmatic, Summary
4. APPROXIMATIONS AND ERRORS IN COMPUTING
Introduction, Objective, Inherent Errors, Numerical Errors , Truncation Error, Blunders , Absoulute And
Relative Errors, Error Propogation , Polynomial Functions, Conditioning And Stability, Convergence Of
Iterative Process, Error Estimation, Minimisation The Total Error , Summary
5. ROOTS OF NON-LINEAR EQUATIONS
Introduction, Objective, Methods Of Solutions , Iterative Methods, Starting And Stopping An Iterative
Process, Horners Rule, Bisection Method, False Position Method, False Position Formula, Newton
Raphson Method, Limitations Of Newton-Raphson Method, Secant Method, Summary.
6. DIRECT SOLUTION OF LINEAR EQUATION
Need And Scope, Existence Of Solution, Solution By Elimination, Basic Gauss Elimination Method, Gauss
Elimination With Pivoting, Gauss Jordan Method, Tringular Factorisation Methods, Round Off Errors
And Refinement, Ill Conditioned System , Matrix Inversion Method, Summary
7. ITERATIVE SOLUTION OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
Need And Scope, Jacobi Iteration Method, Gauss Seidel Method, Method Of Relaxation, Convergence Of
Iteration Methods
8. NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION
Introduction, Objective, Forward Difference Quotient , Central Difference Quotient, Error Analysis ,
Higher Order Derivatives, Differentiating Tabulated Funtion, Summary
9. NUMERICAL INTEGRATION
Introduction, Objective, Newton-Cotes Integration Formulae, Numerical Integration, Simpsons 1/3-Rule,
Simpsons 3/8-Rule, Romberg Integration,
10. NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF ORDINARYDIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Introduction, Solution By Taylors Series, Picards Method Of Successive Approximation, Eulers Method,
Eror Estimates For The Euler Method, Runge-Kutta Methods, Predictor-Corrector Methods, Summary
11. BOUNDRY VALUE AND EIGEN VALUE PROBLEMS
Introduction, Objective, Shooting Method, Finite Difference Method, Solving Eigenvalue Problems ,
Evaluating The Eignvalue, Power Method
12. SOLUTION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Need and Scope, Deriving Difference Equations, Elliptic Equations, Parabolic Equations, Hyperbolic
Equations, Summary
BSCH9 : HEAT TRANSFER
1. PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TRANSFER:
Introduction, Modes of Heat Transfer, Fourier Law of Heat Conduction, Newtions Law of Cooling for
Convection, Thermal Radiation , Electrical Analogy, Heat Transfer by Combined Modes and Through
Composite Bodies.
2. GENERAL HEAT CONDUCTION EQUATION:
Introduction, General Heat Conduction Equation for an Anisotropic Materials in Cartesian Co- ordinates,
General Heat Conduction Equation in Cylindrical Co- ordinates, General Heat Conduction Equadion in
Spherical Co- ordinates, Thermal Diffusivity, Initial and Boundary Conditions.
3. STEADY STATE CONDUCTION:
Introduction, Heat flow through a Slab or a Plane Wall, Heat flow through Radial Systems Cylinders
Heat Flow Through Radial Systems, Spheres, Heat Flow through Composite Wall , Overall Heat Transfer
Coefficient, Heat Flow through Wall with Variable Thermal Conductivity, Critical Thickness of Insulation,
Steady state Conduction with Internal Heat Generation, Steady state Conduction Two Dimension.
4. STEADY STATE CONDUCTION WITH HEAT DISSIPATION TO ENVIRONMENT:
The Controlling Coefficients, A Thin Rod, The Rectangular Fin, The Circular Fin, Fin Efficiency and
Effectiveness, Condition for Using Fins.
5. UNSTEADY STATE CONDUCTION:
Unsteady State Process, Solids of Infinite Thermal Conductivity- Lumped Heat Capacity Analysis,
Solution of Unsteady State One Dimensional Heat Conduction Equation.
6. FORCED CONVECTION:
Convection, Hydrodynamic Boundry Layer, Thermal Boundry Layer, Determination of Dimensionless
Correlation for Forced Convection, Empirical Correlations for Flow Inside Tubes, Empirical Correlation
for Flow Outside Tubes, Differential Equations, of Boundry Layer on a Flate Plate, Solution of Differential
Equations of Boundry Layer, The Integra; Equations of the Boundry Layer, Analogy between Fluid
Friction and Heat Transfer , Heat Transfer in Laminar Flow in Tubes, Solution for Constant Wall
Temperature, Heat Transfer in Turbulent Flow in Tubes.
7. FREE OR NATURAL CONVECTION:
Characteristic Parameters in Natural Convection, Determination of Dimensionless Correlation for Free
Convection, Empirical Correlations for Free convection, Momentum and Energy Equations for Laminar,
Free Convection Heat Transfer on a Vertical Flate Plate, Integral Equations for Momentum and Energy on a
Flat Plate.
8. THERMAL RADIATION:
Thermal Radiation in Electromagnetic Spectrum , Radiation Properties, Plancks Law for Monochromatic
Thermal Radiation of a Black Body, Emissive Power an Radiation Intensity, Monochromatic Emissive
Power of a Black Body, Stefan- Boltzman Law of Black Body Radiation, Heat Exchange by Radiation
between Black Surfaces, Radiation Shape Factor and Reciprocity Theorem , Heat Exchange between Nonblack Bodies, Heat Exchange by Radiation between Gray Surfaces , Radiation Shields, Radiation from
Gases and Vapours.
9. MASS TRANSFER BY MOLCULAR DIFFUSION:
Introduction to Mass Transfer, Ficks Law of Diffusion, Definitions of Quantities, Ficks Law in Terms of
Mass and Mole Fractions , Equivalence of Diffusion in Stationary- Media - Species Conservation
Equation, Diffusion in Binary Gas mixture.

BSCH10 : ORGANIC & INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

SECTION A INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. REVIEW OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Atomic Structure atomic orbitals, Quantum numbers, Electronic Configuration energy levels.
2. CHEMICAL BONDING
Covalent Bond Valence bond theory resonance, Shapes of molecules linear, trigonal, tetrahedral,
Square Planer, pentagonal, Octahedral with examples, Molecular orbital theory molecular orbital
approximations Linear combinations of atomic orbitals (LCAO) M.O. diagrams for diatomic molecules
like hydrogen, oxygen and carbon monoxide, Multicentre bonding.
3.
1.
2.
3.

CHEMISTRY OF S-BLOCK ELEMENTS WITH REFERENCE TO

General Characteristics,
Elemental properties and oxidation states,
Oxides, hydroxides, halides and hydrides.

3. STUDY OF ELEMENTS OF IST TRANSACTION SERIES (SC TO CU) WITH REFERENCE

TO
Oxidation states, colours, magnetic behaviour , ability to form complexes and catalytic behaviour.
4. CO-ORDINATION COMPLEXES (COMPOUNDS)
Co-ordination number, ligand, chelate EAN, Nature of metal-ligand bonding Theories of M --- L bonding
V.B.T. and C.F.T.V.B.T. Tetrahedral, square planner, octahedral complexes with examples.
C.F.T. Splitting of energy levels in Oh. And Td. Field , CFSE, Weak, strong field cases. Application
of C.F.T. to explain colour, magnetic properties, stability, stereochemistry of complexes.
Transition metal oxides and complexes as catalyst in different reactions vanadium pentoxide, copper
oxide, Zinc oxide, iron oxide.
SECTION B ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Localized bonding Revision of atomic orbitals, molecular orbitals, covalent bond, hybridization, bonding
in organic compounds C C , C C , C C and C O and C N bonds, electronegativity , polar
covalent bond . (Inductive effect should be discussed in details).
Delocalised bonding- Concept of conjugation and delocalization, Effect of delocalization on bond distance
and bond energy . Kinds of molecules which can have delocalized bond.Rules of resonance,
Hyperconjugation, Tautomerism, Concept of aromaticity (Huckel rule)with approximate examples.
2. REACTION MECHANISM:
Valance states of carbon (trivalent- carbonium ion, carbanion and free radical and divalent carbene ) and
their structures. Types of 8 bond fission, Types of reagents, Types of reactions. Mechanism of following
reactions involving carbonium ion intermediate.
1

1.

Nucleophilic substitution: Hydrolysis of alkyl halides (SN

mechanism )Effect of structure of alkyl

2.

group, leaving group and solvent on rate of reaction. Also discuss SN reaction.
Electrophilic substitution in benzene and monosubstituted benzene: Nitration, Sulphonotion,
Halogenation, Friedel Craft alkylation and acylation, diazocoupling reactions.

3.

Electrophilic addition to C=C: Polar addition of hydrogen halides and water, alkylation,
dimerisation.

4.

Eliminations: E 1 reaction in acid catalysed dehydration of alcohols and base catalysed

dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides.
Rearrangement :Acid catalysed rearrangement shown by hydrocarbons, Beckmann rearrangement.

5.

Mechanism of the following reactions involving carbanion intermediates.

I.

Addtion of carbon nucleophile to C= O grignard reaction for preparation of primary, secondary and
tertiary alcohols and carboxylic acids.
II. Nucleophilic substitution by carbon nucleophile-Wurtz reaction.
III. Carbonion involved in condension- aldol condensation, claisen ester condensation.
IV. Rearrangement involving carbonion-Favorskii rearrangement .
V. Elimination reactions involving carbonion-E 1 CB mechanism.
VI. Michael addition to electrophilic double bond.
VII. Mechanism of the following reactions involving free radicals as intermediates:
VIII. Addition of hydrogen halide to C = C in presence of peroxide.
IX. Substitution reactions halogenation of methane.
X. Dimerisation Kolbe synthesis.
XI. DISPORPROTIONATION.
3.

SPECTROSCOPY:

I.

Introduction to spectroscopy: Nature of electromagnetic radiation, Units and symbols used to

describe electromagnetic radiation, Different regions of electromagnetic spectrum, Interactions of
radiation with matter, Excitation of molecules to different energy levels such as rotational , vibrational
and electronc levels. Types of spectroscopy , Advantages of spectroscopic methods.

II. Ultra: Violet Spectroscropy Nature of U.V. Spectrum (graph), Beer- Lambert Law. Different

, , n and n

electronic transitions such as

. Different terms used in u.v
spectroscopy, chromophore,auxochrome, bathochromic shift,hypsochromic shift, U.V. spectrum of
alkenes , aromatic compounds (benzene, aniline, nitrobenzene),Carbonyl compounds, Applications of
U.V. spectroscopy.
III. I.R. spectroscopy: Principle of X.R.spectroscopy, Types of vibrations (stretching and bending,
Fundamental modes of vibrations, conditions for absorbing I.R.radiation , Different regions of I.R
spectrum. Characteristics of I.R absorption of alkanes, alkenes aromatic compounds , alcohols, ethers,
al dehydes, ketones, aromatic compound s, alcohols,ethers, al dehydes , ketones, aromatic
compounds, alcohols, ethers ,alehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines. Effect of inductive effect,
resonance effect and hydrogen bonding on I.R. spectrum.
Applications of I.R. spectroscopy.
Instrumentation for I.R. and u.v . spectroscopy is not expected . Calculatin of absorption maxima
(Lamba max) by Woodword rule are not expected.)

*******************

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
Chemical Engineering
Course Structure
Third Year
Fifth Semester
Paper Code

Subject

BTCH1
BTCH2
BTCH3
BTCH4
BTCH5

Mass Transfer Operations I

Fluid Flow
Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics I
Chemical Equipment Design
Operation Research

BTCH 1 : MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS - 1

1.

PRINCIPLES OF DIFFUSION AND MASS TRANSFER BETWEEN PHASES

Theory of Diffusion, Prediction of Diffusivities, Mass-Transfer theories MassTransfer theories, Mass-Transfer Coefficients

2.

GAS ABSORTION
Packings and Packed Tower Design, Principles of Absorption, Absorption Rich Gases, Mass Transfer
Correlation, Absorption With Chemical Reaction.

3.

HUMIDIFICATION OPERATIONS
Definitions, Humidity Charts, Wet-bulb Temperature, Cooling Towers.

4.

EQUILIBRIUM STAGE OPERATIONS

Equipment for Stage Contacts, Principles of Stage Processes Equilibrium Stage Calculations for
Multicomponent Systems.

5.

DISTILLATION
Flash distillation, Continuous distillation with reflux, McCabe - Thiele Method, Distillation in Packed
Columns, Batch distillation.

BTCH 2 - FLUID FLOW

1.

FLUID STATICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Hydrostatic Equilibrium, application of Fluid Statics

2.

FLUID FLOW PHENOMENA

Laminar flow, Shear rate, Shear stress, Rheological Properties of Fluids, Turbulence, Boundry Layers.

3.

BASIC EQUATIONS OF FLUID FLOW

Mass balance in a flowing fluid, Differential Momentum Balance, Equations of Nation, Microscopic
Momentum Balances

4.

INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW IN PIPES

Shear Stress and skin friction in pipes Laminar flow in pipes & channels Turbulent flow in pipes &
channels.

5.

FLOW OF COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS

Definition & Basic Equations, Processes of Compressible flow,
Adiabatic Friction Flow, Isothermal Friction Flow.

6.

Isentropic flow through Nozzles,

FLOW PAST IMMERSED BODIES

Drag & Drag Coefficients, Flow through Beds of solids, Motion of particles through fluids,
fluidization.

BTCH 3 - CHEMICAL ENIGNEERING THERMODYNAMICS -I

1.

INTRODUCTION
What is thermodynamics ? Macroscopic & Microscopic approaches, International System of Units.

2.

P-V-T RELATION OF FLUIDS

Phase, Ideal gas law, Vander Waals equation of state, Benedict-Weff-Rubin equation of state, RedlichKwong equation of state, Virial equation of state, Generalized equations of state, Soave-Redlich
Kwong equation of state, Peng-Robinson equation of state

3.

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

First law of Thermodynamics, Control-Mass analyses, Constant volume Processes, Constant-Pressure
Process, Adiabatic Process, Constant temperature Process, Polytropic Process, Control volume
analysis, Theottling Process, Chemically reacting Systems.

4.

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Limitations of the first law, Heat engine & heat Pump, Second law of Thermodynamics, Criterion for
irreversibility, Carnot cycle & Carnot theorems, Entropy and its calculations, principle of Entropy
increase, second law of thermodynamics for a control volume, Iscentropic efficiency.

5.

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTY RELATIONS

Maxwell relations, Internal energy, Enthalpy, partial derivatives method for enthalpy, entropy, partial
derivatives method for entropy, Jacobian methods, Joule Thompson Coefficient

BTCH 4 CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT DESIGN

1.

DESIGN PRELIMINARIES
Design codes, Design Pressure & Temperature, Design stress and Factor of safety, Design wall
thickness and minimum thickness, corrosion allowance, Design loadings.

2.

DESIGN OF SPHERICAL AND CYLINDRICAL VESSELS

Thin wall vessels, Derivation of Design equations, Design problems.

3.

DESIGN OF HEADS AND CLOSURES

Types of heads, Analysis & design of the different types of heads, Design problems.

4.

COMPENSATION FOR OPENINGS IN PRICESS EQUIPMENTS

Types of compensation, Theoretical determination of stress patterns around openings, Design problems
uncompensated openings, compensation for multiple openings.

5.

DESIGN OF NON STANDARD FLANGES

Classification of flanges, Gasket & its selection, selection of Bolt spacing, Bolt materials, Flange
calculations, Flanges subjected to external pressure.

6.

DESIGN OF TALL VESSELS

Stresses in the shell, Determination of equivalent stress under combined loadings, Determination of
longitudinal stresses, Determination of Resultant longitudinal stresses.

7.

DESIGN OF SUPPORT FOR PROCESS VESSELS

Design of skirt support, Design problem, Design of saddle support, Design of saddles, Design of
Bracket Support, Design problems.

BTCH5 : OPERATIONS RESEARCH

1.

CLASSIFICATION OF O.R. MODELS

Physical Models, Symbolic Models, Advantages Of A Model, Limitations Of The Model, Scope Of
Operations Research In Management

2.

LINEAR PROGRAMMING FORMULATION & GRAPHICAL METHOD

Introduction, Basic Requirements, Basic Assumptions, Advantages Of Linear Programming,
Limitations Of Linear Programming, Application Areas Of Linear Programming, Formulation Of
Linear Programming Models

3.

TRANSPORTATION
Example, Agriculture, General Mathematical Formulation Of Linear Programming Problem,
Definitions

4.

SOME SPECIAL CASES

Multiple Optimal Solutions, Infeasible Solution, Contradictory Constraints, Unbounded Solution

5.

LINEAR PROGRAMMING
The Simplex Method, Introduction, Standard Form Of Linear Programming Problem, Slack And
Surplus Variables, Slack Variable

6.

STEPS OF THE SIMPLEX METHOD

Steps of the Simplex Method (Maximization Case), Flow Chart of the Simplex Method, Simplex
Method (Minimization Case), Steps of the Simplex Method (Minimization Case), Maximization Case
(Constraints of Mixed Type), Resolution of Degeneracy

7.

LINEAR PROGRAMMING, DUALITY

Introduction, Formulation Of Dual Problem, Interpreting Primal-Dual Optimal Solutions, Solving The
Primal-Dual Problem, Dual Of A Primal With Mixed Constraints, Important Primal-Dual Results,
Advantages Of Duality, The Dual Simplex Method

8.

TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM
Methods For Finding Initial Solution, North-West Corner Method (NWCM), Least Cost Method
(LCM), Vogel's Approximation Method (VAM), Stepping-Stone Method, The Dual of Transportation
Problem, Alternative Optimal Solutions, Unbalanced Transportation Problems, Supply Exceeds
Demand, Demand Exceeds Supply, Degeneracy in the Transportation Problem, Prohibited Routes,
Profit Maximization in a Transportation Problem, Trans-shipment Problem, Time-Cost Trade-of in the
Transportation problem

9.

HUNGARIAN METHOD OF ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM

Minimization Case, Variations Of The Assignment Problem, An Application--Airline Crew
Assignment, Travelling Salesman Problem

10. NETWORK MODELS : PERT & CPM

Objectives of network analysis, Application of network models, Advantages of network models,
Project network, Difference between PERT and CPM, Activities, Events, Estimating Activity Times,
Effect of Introducing a Dummy Activity in a Network, Probability Statements or Project Duration,
Probability of completing the project on or before a specified time, PERT algorithm
11. FLOAT OF AN ACTIVITY
Introduction, Optimization of Project Time and Cost in a PERT Network, Limitations of PERT/CPM
12. QUEUING MODELS
Basic Components of the Queuing System, Input Source, Queue Discipline, Service Mechanism,
Classification of Queuing Systems, Characteristics of Model I, II, III
13. INVENTORY CONTROL MODELS
Principal Categories of Inventories and Their Functions, Structure of Inventory Management System,
The Basic Deterministic Inventory models, Multiple Item Deterministic Models, Limitation set up by
capital restriction, Aggregate resource limitations, Selective Inventory Control, Application of ABC
analysis, Inventory Control Systems, Reorder level, Probabilistic Models
14. SYSTEM TERMINOLOGY
System and Simulation models, Random Variable and Random Numbers, Monte-Carlo Simulation,
Generation of Random Numbers, Simulation and Inventory Control, Simulation and Queuing System,
Simulation and Capital Budgeting , Limitations of Simulation, Simulation Languages, Simulation
Applications
**************************

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
CHEMICAL
Course Structure
Third Year
Sixth Semester
Paper
Code

Subject

BTCH6
BTCH7
BTCH8
BTCH9
BTCH10

Mechanical Operation
Strength of Materials
Material Science
Mass Transfer operation - II
Industrial Economics & Management

BTCH6 : MECHANICAL OPERATION

Chapter - 1. Properties and Handling of Particulate Solids:
Introduction to particle technology, Characterization of solid particles, particle shape and size, Screen
Analysis, Specific surface of mixture, Standard screen series, Properties of particulate masses, Storage of
solids.
Chapter - 2. Conveyors:
Introduction, Belt-conveyor, Chain Conveyors, Screw Conveyors, Pneumatic conveyors, General field of
conveyors Nomenclature.
Chapter - 3. Mixing of Solids and Pastes:
Introduction, Theory of solid mixing, Equipment for solid mixing, Mixers for pastes and plastic masses,
Mixers for dry powders, Power requirements, Mixing index in blending granular solids, Rate of mixing,
Criteria of mixer effectiveness, Mixing Index.
Chapter - 4. Size Reduction:
Introduction, Principles of Comminution, Energy and power requirements in size reduction, Laws of size
reduction, Size reduction equipments, Equipment operation, Comparisons between crushing and grinding
operations.
Chapter - 5. Screening:
Introduction, Types of screening equipment, Comparisons of Ideal and actual screens, Material balance
over screen, Screen effectiveness, Capacity and effectiveness of screen,

Chapter 6. Filtration:
Introduction, Factors affecting on rate of filtration, Clarifying filters, Cake filters, Classification of filters,
Equipments for Filtration, Filter media, Filter aids, Principles of cake filtration, Principles of clarification,
Pressure drop through filter cake, Compressible and Incompressible filter cake, Filter medium resistance,
Constant-pressure filtration, Empirical Equation for cake resistance, Constant rate-filtration, Principles of
centrifugal filtration, Fundamentals of micro filtration, Introduction to Bio filtration, Design of filtration
units.
Chapter 7. Separation Based on Motion of Particles Through the Fluids :
Gravity Settling Process, Introduction, Gravity settling process, Free and Hindered settling, Sedimentation,
Centrifugal settling Processes, Cyclone separator, Hydro cyclone, Centrifugal settling or sedimentation,
Selection of separation equipment.
Chapter 8. Mixing and Agitation :
Introduction Agitation equipment, Impellers and their characteristics, Power requirements for agitation,
Selection of Impellers, Scale-up of mixing system, Design of mixing system.
Chapter 9. Fluidization:
Introduction, Principles of fluidization, Flow through packed beds, Pressure drop-flow diagram, Types of
fluidization, Application of fluidization techniques, Design of fluidized beds, Pneumatic conveying.
Chapter - 10. Beneficiation Processes:
Introduction, Which beneficiation process is right for your plant?, Filters, Jigging, Tabling, Magnetic
Separations, Electrostatic separations, Froth Floatation.
BTCH7 : STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION
Interdisciplinary
Brief Historical Review
Organization of the book
CHAPTER 2: SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS
General Meaning of stress
Unit of stress
Simple Stresses
o Normal stress
o Shear stress
o Strain
o Stress Strain Relation
Behaviour in Tensions
Behaviour of Materials under compression
Nominal stress and true stress
Behaviour of Materials under Repeated Loadings
Factor of Safety
Hookes Law
Extension / Shortening of a bar
Bars with cross-sections varying in steps
Bars with continuously varying cross-sections
Bars subjected to varying loads
Indeterminate structural problems
Compound Bars
Temperature stresses

Simple Shear
Poissons Ratio
Volumetric Strain
Elastic Constants
Relationship between Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity
Relationship between Modulus of Elasticity and Bulk Modulus
Strain Energy due to Direct Stresses sand Impact Loads
Strain Energy due to shear Stresses

CHAPTER 3 : SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAMS IN STATICALLY

DETERMINATE BEAMS
Shear Force and Bending Moment
Sign Convention
Relationship between load Intensity, Shear Force and Bending Moment
Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams
SFD and BMD for Standard Cases
SFD and BMD for beams subjected to various loads
Short Cut procedure
CHAPTER 4 : STRESSES IN BEAMS
Theory of Simple Bending
Moment carrying capacity of a section
Composite beams/flitched beams
Beams of Uniform strength
Leaf Springs
Shearing Stresses in Beams
Shear Stresses across a few Standard Sections
Shear Stresses in Built Up Sections
Limitation of Theory Developed
CHAPTER 5: DEFLECTIONS OF BEAMS BY DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Differential Equation for Deflection
Other Useful Equations
Double Integration Method
A few General Cases
Mecaulays Method
CHAPTER 6: TORSION
Introduction
Pure Torsion
Assumptions in the Theory of pure Torsion
Derivation of Torsional Equations
Polar Modulus
Power Transmitted
Torsional rigidity/ Stiffness of Shafts
Stepped shafts and Composite Shafts
Shear Keys
Coupling
Torsion of a Tapering Shaft
Strain Energy in Torsion

Closed Coiled Helical Springs

Torsion of shafts of Non-circular sections

CHAPTER 7: COMPOUND STRESSES

Stresses on an Inclined Plane
Mohrs Circle of Stress
Compound Stresses in Beams
Shafts Subjected to combined Bending and Torsion
Shafts subjected to Combined Action of Bending, Torsion and Axial Thrust
CHAPTER 8: THIN AND THICK CYLINDERS AND SPHERES
Stresses in Thin Cylinders
Changes in Dimensions of Cylinder
Riveted Cylinders
Wire Wound Cylinders
Thin Spherical shells
Thick cylinders
Compound Cylinders
Shrinkage Allowance
Thick spherical shells
CHAPTER 9: COLUMNS AND STRUTS
Short columns subjected to Axial Loads
Eccentrically loaded masonry columns
Eulers Theory for Axially Loaded Elastic long columns
Effective Length
Limitations of Eulers theory
Rankines Formula
Formula used by Indian Standard Code
CHAPTER 10: THEORIES OF FAILURES
Maximum Principal Stress Theory
Maximum Shear Stress Theory
Maximum Strain Theory
Maximum Strain Energy Theory
Maximum Distortion Energy Theory
BTCH8 : MATERIAL SCIENCE
Chapter 1 Science of Metals:
Introduction, Structure of Atoms, Crystal Structure, Bonds in Solids, Electron theory of Metals.
Chapter 2. Mechanical Behavior of Metals:
Mechanical Properties of Metals, Mechanical Tests Of metals, Deformation Of Metals, Fracture of Metals.
Chapter 3. Engineering Metallurgy:
Iron- Carbon Alloy System, Heat Treatment, Corrosion Of Metals.
Chapter 4. Engineering Materials:
Ferrous And Non-Ferrous Alloys, Organic Materials, Composite Materials and Ceramics, Semiconductors,
Insulating Materials, Magnetic Materials

BTCH9 : MASS TRANSFER OPERATION - II

Chapter 1. Introduction to multicomponent distillation:
Phase Equilibria In Multicomponent Distillation, Flash Distillation Of Multicomponent Mixture, Fractional
Of Multicomponent Mixtures, Azeotropic And Extractive Distillation, Symbols, Problems.
Chapter 2. Leaching and extraction:
Leaching, Leaching Equipment/ Principles Of Continuous, Countercurrent Leaching, Liquid Extraction,
Extraction Equipment / Principles Of Extraction, Special Extraction Techniques, Supercritical Fluid
Extraction, Symbol, Problem.
Chapter 3. Drying of solid:
Principle Of Drying, Phase Equilibria, Cross Circulation Drying, Through Circulation Drying, Drying Of
Suspended Particles, Freeze Drying, Drying Of Suspended Particles, Freeze Drying, Drying Equipment,
Dryers For Solids And Pasters / Dryers For Solutions And Slurries / Selection Of Drying Equipment,
Symbols, Problem
Chapter 4. Fixed bed separation:
Adsorption, Adsorption Equipment, Equilibria, Adsorption Isotherms / Principles Of Adsorption / Basic
Equations For Adsorption / Solutionsw To Mass Transfer Equations / Adsorber Design / Continuous
Operation, Ion Exchange, Equilibra / Mass Transfer Rates / Operations Of Ion Exchangers,
Chromatography, Symbols, Problem
Chapter 5. Members separation processes:
Separations Of Gases, Separation Of Liquids, Dialysis / Membranes For Liquid Liquid Extraction /
Pervaporation / Reverse Osmosis, Symbols, Problems
Chapter 6. Crystallization:
Crystal Geometry, Equilibria And Yields, Nucleation, Crystal Growth, Crystallization Equipment,
Crystallizer Design : Crystal Size Distribution, MSMPR Crystallizer, Crystallization For Melts, Symbols,
Problem
BTCH10: INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT
Chapter - 1: Nature and Significance of Economics:
Science, Engineering and Technology and their relationship with economics development, appropriate
technology for development countries
Chapter - 2: Demand and Supply Analysis:
Elasticity, Competition, Monopoly, Oligopoly, Monopolistic competition, Price Discrimination,
Equilibrium of firm .
Chapter - 3: Function of Money:
Supply and Demand for money, Inflation, Black Money.
Chapter - 4: Functions of Commercial Bank:
Multiple credit creation, Banking systems in India.
Chapter - 5: Central Banking:
Functions of Central Banking, monetary policy.
Chapter - 6: Sources of Public Revenue:
Principles of taxation, Direct and Indirect taxes , reform of tax system .
Chapter - 7: Theory of International Trade:

Balance of trade and payment, Theory of protection, Exchange control, Devaluation.

Chapter - 8: New Economics Policy:
Liberalization, Extending , Privatization, Globalization, Market- Friendly state, Export led growth.
Chapter - 9: Causes of Underdevelopment:
Determinants of economic development, stages of economics growth, Strategy of development, Critical
minimum effort strategy .

Chapter - 10: Management Functions:

Developments of management thought, Contribution of F.W. Taylor, Henri Fayol, Elton-Mayo, System
Approach to Management .
Chapter - 11: Nature of Planning:
Decision making process, MBO.
Chapter - 12: Organization:
Line and Staff relationships, Decentralization of delegation of authority .
Chapter - 13: Communication Process:
Media Channels and barriers to effective communication .
Chapter - 14: Theory of Motivation:
Maslow, Herzberg and McGregor Theory of motivation, McClellands achievement theory.
Chapter - 15: Production Management:
Production Planning and control, inventory control, quality control, total quality management.
Chapter - 16: Project Management:
Project Development life cycle, project feasibility, CPM, PERT.
Chapter - 17: Cost Accounting and Finance:
Techniques of Financial Control, Financial Statements Financial Ratios, Break-even analysis, Budgeting
and budgetary control.
Chapter - 18: Marketing Functions:
Management of Sales and advertising, Marketing research .
Chapter - 19: Human Resource Management:
Functions, Selection, Training.
Chapter - 20: Engineering Economics:
Investment Decisions, Payback time .

*******************

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
CHEMICAL
Course Structure
Fourth Year
Seventh Semester
Paper
Code
BECH1
BECH2
BECH3
BECH4
BECH5
BECH2P
BECH4P

Name of the Subject

Process Engineering
Instrumentation & Process Control
Industrial Safety
Process Simulation & Design
Elective-I
Instrumentation & Process Control Practical
Process Simulation & Design Practical

BECH 1 : PROCESS ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1 : PRELIMINARY PROCESS SELECTION
1. Economic Evaluation
2. Environmental Footprint
3. Safety Analysis & Controllability
4. Flexibility
CHAPTER 2 : SELECTION OF PROCESS STEPS
1. Identification of Individual process steps.
2. Grouping into reactor
3. Separator
4. Rector and Recycle modules
5. Interconnection modules
CHAPTER 3 : FLOW SHEET SYNTHESIS
1. Development of alternative routes.

2.
3.
4.
5.

Selection criterion for modules.

Selection of reactor modules
Selection of separation modules.
Determination of flow sheet based on heuristics

CHAPTER 4 : CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PROCESS

CHAPTER 5 : SAFETY INSTRUMENTATION AND MULTIPLE REDUDANCY SYSTEMS

CHATPER 6 : MASS AND ENERGY BALANCES

1. Physico-chemical specification of each stream,
2. Detailed Mass and Energy balance around major equipment
CHAPTER 7 : SIZING AND COSTING OF MAJOR EQUIPMENT
1. Reactors
2. Heat Exchangers
3. Multiple effect evaporators
4. Distillation equipment
5. Gas liquid and Liquid contacting equipment
6. Crystallizers
7. Drying equipment
8. Filtration equipment
9. Selection and sizing of pumps and compressors
CHAPTER 8: UTILITY SELECTION
1. Process requirement and Selection of utility such as refrigerant
2. Chilled water
3. Cooling water
4. Steam
5. Hot oil
6. Dowtherm Boilers
7. Molten salt baths
8. Flue gases
BECH 2 : INSTRUMENTATION & PROCESS CONTROL
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION
1. Motivation for process control
2. Concept of feedback control
3. Process dynamics in time
4. Laplace and frequency domains
5. Concepts of stability and optimal control
CHAPTER 2 : CHEMICAL PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION
1. General performance of Instruments
2. Transducers and their classification Electrical passive and electrical active
3. Elastic
4. Resistance
5. Capacitive and inductive transducers for temperature, level, flow and pressure Measurements
6. Other special types of instruments such as ultrasonic flow meter
7. Pyrometer and review of flow meters
CHAPTER 3 : CONTROL VALVES
1. Types of valves

2.
3.

Inherent and effective valve characteristics

Selection and sizing of valves

CHAPTER 4 : PROCESS DYNAMICS

1. Models of first and second order system and their transfer functions
2. Linearization of non-linear systems
3. Response of step, ramp, sinusoidal, pulse and impulse inputs
4. Systems in series interacting and non-interacting
CHAPTER 5 : MODES OF CONTROL
1. On-off control proportional
2. Integral
3. Derivative modes and their combinations
4. Open-loop behavior of controllers
CHAPTER 6 : TRANSIENT RESPONSE
1. Closed loop transfer functions
2. Transfer functions for servo and regulatory problems
3. Transient behavior of closed loop systems
CHAPTER 7 : STABILITY OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
1. Bounded input bounded output stability
2. Rouths stability criteria
CHAPTER 8 : ROOT LOCUS
1. Concept of root locus
2. Rules for plotting root locus diagrams
CHAPTER 9 : FREQUENCY RESPONSE
1. Frequency response analysis
2. Bode and Nyquist stability criteria
3. Gain Margin and Phase margin in controller tuning
4. Performance criteria IAE , ISE, IATE , Zeigler Nichols and Coon Cohen rules.
CHAPTER 10 : DIGITAL CONTROL SYSYEM
1. Fundamentals of digital control
2. A/D converters,
3. D/A converters Introduction to the Z-transform
4. Direct digital Control and Distributed control Systems
CHAPTER 11 : ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGIES
1. Ratio Control
2. Cascade control
3. Adaptive control
CHAPTER 12 : APPLICATIONS OF PROCESS CONTROL
1. Control Strategy for distillation column
2. Reactor
3. Heat Exchanger
BECH3 : Industrial Safety Management
General Safety Management
Need to organize for safety
Accidents

Accidents some definitions and codes

Accident investigation
How accident prevention is accomplished
Hazards identification and assessment techniques
Hazards Identification and assessment techniques (points to remember)
Ways and means to promote safety and safety culture

Environmental safety management

Water pollution
Air pollution control
Pollution control norms prescribed by M.P.C.B, Mumbai
Soil and land pollution
Thermal pollution
Permissible exposure levels of continuous noise
Noise pollution
Mechanical Safety Management
Hand Tools and portable power tools
Heat Stress and its effects on man and control measures
Safety requirements for forging
Hazards in foundry and forging
Hazards and their control in Iron and Steel Industry
Safety at rolling mills
Procedure for work at height above roof top of shops
Procedure for work at height within the shop
Lifting tackles chains and fittings
Crane operation safety
On the job safety
Grinding wheel safety
Permit to work systems
How to avoid slips, trips and falls
Basic types of unsafe acts
Unsafe act and unsafe condition
Safety in material handling and storage
Safety in material storage
Metal working machines
Welding
Back fire and flashback
Safety in Soldering, plating, polishing, buffing and spray painting
Hot working of metals
Safety in ferrous forging plants
Main processors in forging plants
Main processors in forging industry
Safety in power presses
Electrical Safety Management
Static electricity and electricity in mention
How electricity causes Injury
Know basic first aid in case of electrical emergency
Some donts with electricity

Prevent electrical fires

Three main causes of fire in industry
Electrical wiring and handling of electrical equipment
Electrical hazards

Chemical Safety Management

Hazards in storage, Handling and use of chemicals
Chemical and environmental hazards
Structural and buildings safety
Handling and manipulation of corrosive substances.
Corrosion failures and prevention
Handling and storage of chemicals
Occupational Diseases
Fire prevention
Industrial housekeeping fire prevention
Waste management and disposal
Hazardous water management and disposal
Principles of ventilation
Home safety
Personal Protection
Personal protective equipment
On the job eye protection
How to protect your skin on the job
Stay out of harms Way
Respiratory Protective
Equipments
Oxygen how it supports life.
First Aid.
Safety Rules and Regulations
BECH 4: PROCESS SIMULATION AND DESIGN
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL CONCEPT OF SIMULATION / DESIGN
1. Introduction to models, Design problem vs Simulation Problem
2. Approaches to simulation
3. A brief outline of components of a CAD package in Chemical Engineering
4. Thermodynamic and physical property package, module library, numerical routines library, costing etc.
CHAPTER 2:
1. Mathematical Models, their classification (deterministic vs stochastic, liniear vs non-linear, lumped
parameter vs distributed parameter, dynamic vs steady-state with examples)
2. Model building (writing down equations only) examples (i) homogenous well mixed and plug flow
reactor (isothermal and non-isothermal) (ii) heated tank (iii) flash drum (iv) gas-liquid bubble reactor
(v) Counter-current multistage liquid extraction
3. Parameter Estimation by Least square (linear and quadratic)
CHAPTER 3:
1. Solution to systems of non-linear algebraic equations (Newtons and Successive substitution)
2. Application in Chemical engg., such as equilibrium flash calculations equations of state, reaction
equilibrium etc

CHAPTER 4:
1. Solutions of single ODE and systems of ODEs (Implicit Euler & Runge-Kutta IVth Order)
2. Applications to chemical engineering problems such as homogenous well mixed reactor (isothermal
and non-isothermal) and heated tank.
CHAPTER 5:
1. Models of difference equations Applications to chemical engineering Counter-current multistage
liquid extraction
CHAPTER 6:
1. Simulation of single units (modules) Degree of freedom (with and without system constraints)
2. Coupling and Decoupling of equations
3. Precedence ordering for Design / Simulation (partitioning and tearing)
4. Selection of design variable algorithm and persistent recycles
CHAPTER 7:
1. Simulation of complete flow sheet
2. Degrees of freedom for flow sheet with connecting equations
3. Approaches to simulation:
(I) Sequential modular
A) Precedence ordering of Modules (Partitioning and Tearing of flow sheets)
(II) Simultaneous
A) Equation solving
B) Simultaneous Modular with linearized modules
CHAPTER 8:
1. Batch process simulation
2. Batch distillation Batch reactors
*****************

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
CHEMICAL
Course Structure
Fourth Year
Seventh Semester
ELECTIVE I
Paper Code
BECH5-I
BECH5-II
BECH5-III
BECH5-IV

Name of the Subject

Biochemical Engineering
Polymer Engineering
Food Process Engineering
Petrochemical & Refining Technology

BECH5-I BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
1.
2.
3.

Difference between a Chemical & Biological Reaction process

Steps in a Typical Biochemical process
Role of a Chemical Engineer in designing a Biochemical process

CHAPTER 2: INTROCUTION TO MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTY

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The protist kingdom and classification

Structure of cell functions of cell components
Comparison between prokaryotic, Eukaryotic, gram +ve & gram ve
Hierarchy of cellular organisation
Lipids & Polysaccharides their role in cell architecture

6.
7.
8.

Types of Nucleotides RNA & DNA genetic doers

Amino acids General structure, peptide bond, hydrogen bonding & pK 1 & pK2 values
Proteins Structure of proteins, classification based on functions, Process of gene expression
Transcription & Translation Control of Protein synthesis in cells,(Introduction & Repression)

CHAPTER 3: CELL GROWTH. METABOLISM AND ENERGETICS

1. Mitotic Multiplication
2. Factors affecting cell growth, requirements for cell growth & Medium formulation
3. ATP, NAD & FAD energy storing mechanism
4. Respiration aerobic (TCA) & anaerobic mechanism
5. Carbon metabolism EMP & shunt pathways.
6. Transport across cell membrance Active, Passive & Facilitated
7. Stoichiometry of cell growth & product formation, Yield coefficient, elemental balance, degree of
reduction, heat generation
8. Introduction to metabolic flux analysis
CHAPTER 4: CELL GROWTH KINETICS
1. Growth Cycle- Phases for Batch Culture
2. Microbial growth kinetics: Monods Equation, Estimation of kinetic parameters using batch culture
and continuous culture experiments
3. Modifications to account for endogenous & maintenance kinetics
4. Other forms of growth models Tessier, Moser & Contois Malthus Law, Logistic curve, Structured
models Compartmental models equations, Equations of metabolic models
CHAPTER 5 : ENZVME ENGINEERING
1. Types of enzymes: intracellular & extra cellular, Hydrolytic, Protolytic & Esterases, Enzyme cofactors
& their importance
2. Difference between a enzymatic & whole cell process
3. Enzyme immobilization Chemical & Physical methods, advantages & limitation
4. Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions
a. Michaelis Menten Kinetics
b. Methods for determining rate parameters, Lineweaver Burk Plot. Eadie Hofstee, Hanes plot
c. Reversible reactions, Multiple substrates
d. Cofactor activation
e. Substrate activation & inhibition
f. Types of Enzyme inhibition reversible & irreversible, Competitive, Noncompetitive,
uncompetitive and mixed
g. Effect of pH, Temperature and other environmental factors
h. Types of deactivation and deactivation kinetics.
(numerical examples and derivation of kinetic expressions based on mechanism)
5. Kinetics of immobilized enzyme
a. Effect of external mass transfer limitation
b. Effect of internal diffusion limitation
c. Both external & intraparticle controlling
CHAPTER 6: BIOREACTOR ENGINEERING
1. Fed Batch Reactor Analysis
2. CSTRS for enzyme catalyzed reaction
3. CSTRS for cell culture (steady state), CSTR with recycle
4. Description of typical aspects of aerobic fermenter, Description of bioreactor configurations
5. Description of alternate bioreactor configurations
6. Sterilization Reactors Batch & continuous sterilization
7. Numerical Examples
CHAPTER 7: SPECIAL PRODUCT RECOVERY OPERATIONS
1. Chromatography

2.
3.
4.

Membrane Separation Microfilteration, Reverse Osmosis

Electrophoresis
Aqueous two phase separation

CHAPTER 8: GENETIC ENGINEERING & RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY AND

TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
BECH5-II POLYMER ENGINEERING
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Defining polymers
2. Basic chemistry of polymers
3. Classification and types
4. Bonding in Polymers, Molecular weight and Molecular Weight Distribution
5. Thermoplastic /Thermosetting polymers, Elastomers, Resins, Adhesives, Coatings, Fibers, Composites
6. Solvents, Solutions, Blends, melts
7. Additives, Fillers
8. Examples of industrial and high performance polymers
CHAPTER 2: STEP GROWTH (CONDENSATION) POLYMERIZATION
1. Features
2. Definition of functionality
3. Functionality principle
4. Derivation of Carothers Equation
5. Effect of stoichiometric imbalance on molecular weight
6. Mechanism
7. Kinetics
CHAPTER 3: FREE-RADICAL ADDITION (CHAIN-GROWTH) POLYMERIZATION
1. Mechanism
2. Kinetics of homogeneous polymerization
3. Experimental determination of rate of polymerization
4. Instantaneous average chain lengths
5. Temperature dependence of rate and chain length
6. Gel effect or Auto acceleration
7. Kinetic chain length
8. Chain transfer
9. Inhibitors and Retarders
CHAPTER 4: IONIC AND CO ORDINATION CHAIN (ADDITION) POLYMERIZATION
1. General features of ionic chain addition polymerization
2. Mechanism and kinetics of cationic polymerization
3. Mechanism and average degree of polymerization
4. Kinetics of anionic polymerization
5. Mechanism and kinetics of coordination polymerization
CHAPTER 5: COPOLYMERIZATION
1. Basic concept
a. Technical significance
b. Steady-state assumptions in free-radical copolymerization
c. the co-polymer equation
d. Instantaneous molar composition of formed
2. Monomer reactivity rations
a. Significance and methods of Determination
b. Types of copolymers
3. Variation of Composition with conversion

4.
5.
6.

Average copolymer composition

Cumulative composition of copolymer
a. Mechanisms
Kinetics
a. Block and graft copolymers

CHAPTER 6: POLYMERIZATION SYSTEMS

1. Design criteria, Bulk polymerization (quiescent and stirred), Solution polymerization
2. Suspension Polymerization, Emulsion polymerization
3. Smith-Ewart kinetics
4. Deviations from the Smith-Ewart kinetics
5. Interfacial polycondensation
6. Comparison of the various processes, advantages and disadvantage
7. Heat transfer and mixing in polymerization reactors
CHAPTER 7: CHARACTERIZATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT
1. Types of average molecular weight
2. Molecular weight and degree of polymerization
3. Polydispersity and Molecular Weight Distribution in polymers, Common techniques for measurement
of average molecular weights
4. Viscometry, End-group analysis, Gel permeation chromatography
CHAPTER 8: POLYMER RHEOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY
1. Definition of rheology
2. Newtoniam and non-Newtonian fluids, Flow curves
3. Apparent Viscosity
4. Power law
5. Viscoelasticity
6. Free volume or molecular hole concept
7. Definition of morphology
8. Requirements for crystallinity
9. Effects on mechanical and optical properties
CHAPTER 9: POLYMER DEGRADATION
1. General types
2. Thermal, Mechanical, Oxidative, hydrolytic, ultrasonic, high-energy radiation, photo degradation
3. Antioxidants and Stabilizers
CHAPTER 10: POLYMER PROCESSING
1. Blow molding, Injection molding, Compression Molding
2. Extrusion
3. Calendering, sheet forming or Thermoforming
4. Casting
5. Coating
6. Powder-coating technique
7. Fluidized-bed coating technique, Laminating
8. Fiber spinning
9. Bi-axial orientation
10. Reinforced reaction injection molding
11. Filament winding
12. Pultrusion, Design considerations with polymers, processing characteristics, Engineering challenges in
processing.
BECH5-III: FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Current status of the Indian (a) Agriculture, (b)Food Industry, (c) Food
2. Processing Industry
3. Market opportunities for the Indian Processed Food Industry
4. Engineering challenges in the Food Processing Industry
5. Product and Process development
6. Major challenges in India
7. R & D opportunities within the Food Industry
CHAPTER 2: BASIC FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY AND MICROBIOLOGY
1. Food Constituents: Water, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Vitamins, Flavors, Nutritional & sensory
characteristics, Food fortification
2. Water activity Enzymes: Production from microorganisms and application in food processing Lipid
oxidation Growth of microorganisms and food spoilage D & Z values Food Safety
3. Indian laws regulating Foods and Food Processing
CHAPTER 3: AMBIENT TEMPERATURE PROCESSING
1. Raw material preparation Size reduction of solid fibrous foods and in liquid foods
2. Emulsification and Homogenization
3. Theory and Equipment
4. Mixing and Forming
5. Theory and Equipment
6. Extraction & expression Membrance concentration Fermentation
7. Theory, Types, Equipment, Effect on Foods
CHAPTER 4: HEAT PROCESSING USING STEAM OR WATER: THEORY, EQUIPMENT,
EFFECT ON FOODS
1. Blanching Extrusion Pasteurization Heat Sterilization In-container Ultra high temperature (UHT)/
aseptic processes
CHAPTER 5: HEAT PROCESSING USING HOT AIR:
1. Theory, Equipment, Effect On Foods Dehydration Banking & Roasting
CHAPTER 6: HEAT PROCESSING USING HOT OILS
1. Theory, Equipment, Effect on Foods
2. Frying
CHAPTER 7: HEAT PROCESSING BY DIRECT AND RADIATED ENERGY
1. Theory, Equipment, Effect on Foods Dielectric heating
2. Microwave
CHAPTER 8: PROCESSING BY REMOVAL OF HEAT
1. Theory, Equipment, Effect on Foods chilling Freezing Freeze drying and freeze concentration
CHAPTER 9: FOOD PRESERVATION & STORAGE FOOD CONTAMINATION MODIFIED
ATMOSPHERE STORAGE(MAS) HURDLE TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 10: POST PROCESSING APPLICATIONS PACKAGING
1. Modified-atmosphere packaging (MAP) Coating and enrobing Filling and sealing of containers
BECH5-IV : PETROCHEMICAL & REFINING TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 1:
1. Origin formation & Composition of Petroleum
2. Origin & Formation of Petroleum
3. Reserves & Deposits of world

4.
5.

Types of crude & Indian Crude Types

Exploration Reverse, Raw Materials & Transportation

CHAPTER 2:
1. Refinery Products & Feed Stocks
2. Overall Refinery flow
3. Low boiling products
4. Gasoline specifications
5. Fuels: Distillate Fuels, Jet Fuels, Automotive Diesel Fuels,
6. Oils: Heating Oils, Residual Fuel Oils
7. Crude Oil Properties
8. Composition of Petroleum Crude suitable for Asphalt Manufacture.
9. Crude Distillation Curves
10. Petrochemical Feedstocks
CHAPTER 3:
1. Fractionation of Petroleum
2. Dehydration & Desalting of Crudes
3. Heating of Crudes-Pipe Still Heaters
4. Blending of Gasoline
CHAPTER 4:
1. Treatment Techniques & Products Specifications
2. Fraction-Impurities
3. Treatment of Gasoline Treatment of Kerosene Treatment of Lubes
4. Wax & Purification
CHAPTER 5:
1. Catalytic Cracking & Thermal process
2. Fluidised Bed Catalytic Cracking, Catalytic Reforming
3. Coking Hydrogen Processes-Hydro cracking, Hydrosulpherization, Hydro Treatment
4. Alkylation processes Isomerisation Processes Polymer Gasoline
CHAPTER 6:
1. Asphalt Technology
2. Source of Asphalt
3. Air Blowing of Bitumen Upgradation of Heavy Crudes
CHAPTER 7:
1. International and Indian scenarios of supply & demand for about last 10 years and emerging trends of
Key petrochemicals: Acetylene, ethylene, propylene, butane/butadiene, pentene, n-hexane, cyclohexane n-heptane, i-octance, carbon black Benzene/ toluene/ xylene (o,m,p) / styrene/ cumene/ phenol,
PTA, caprolactum, vinyl chloride, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, Tetrachloroethane, acetic acid, acetic
anhydride, diacetone alcohol, isophoron, Ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene, fluoroethanes, Alpha
methyl styrene, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, Naphthalene, cyclohexane, aniline,
adipic acid, (Manufacturing processes are covered in Chemical Process II and not included here)
***************

COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (B.TECH)
In
CHEMICAL
Course Structure
Forth Year
Eighth Semester
Paper
Code
BECH6
BECH7
BECH8
BECH9
BECH6P

Name of the Subject

Environmental Engineering
Project Engineering & Management
Elective-II
Project
Environmental Engineering

BECH6: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Importance of environmental pollution control
2. Concept of Ecological Balance
3. Role of Hydrological and nutrient cycles of environment
4. Pollution control aspects
5. Environmental legislation & Regulations
6. Industrial Pollution Emissions and Indian standards-Environmental legislations- water (prevention and
control of pollution) act
7. Air (prevention and control of pollution)act
CHAPTER 2: WATER POLLUTION
1. Classification
2. Sources and effect of water pollutant on human being and ecology
3. eutrophication

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

dissolved oxygen depletion, natural aeration

Sampling
Measurements and standards of water quality DO, BOD, TOC, nitrogen
phosphorus
alkalinity
Suspended solids
MLSS
VSS etc

CHAPTER 3: WASTE WATER TREATMENT

1. Pretreatment: Bar Racks, Grit chambers, Comminutors, equalization (theory)
2. Primary Treatment: Settling tanks and their sizing
3. Secondary Treatment : Tricking filters, Rotating biological contactors (design theory), Activated sludge
process, (with design problems)
4. Tertiary Treatment : Advanced Methods for suspended solids and dissolved salts, chemical oxidation
methods, advanced Biological treatments, methods for recovery of value from effluent treatment
CHAPTER 4: AIR POLLUTION
1. Air pollutants
2. Sources and effect on man and enjoinment
3. acid rain
4. smog
5. greenhouse effect
6. Ozone depletion
7. global warming
8. Stability
9. Inversion
10. Atmospheric dispersion
11. The Gaussian plume model
12. Air pollution sampling and measurement-Ambient air sampling
13. stack sampling
14. Analysis of air pollutants SO2
15. nitrogen oxides
16. CO
17. ozone and hydrocarbons,
18. H2S
CHAPTER 5: AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
1. Equipment
2. system and processes for (a) Particulate pollutants Gravity settler, Cyclones, bed filters, bag filters,
ESP, Scrubbers etc (b) Gasious pollutants Dry & wet Scrubbing, absorption, adsorption, Catalytic
conversion
3. Source correction Methods for air pollution control
CHAPTER 6: WASTE MANAGEMENT
1. Solid waste including plastic waste, Nuclear Waste, Hazardous Waste
CHAPTER 7: NOISE POLLUTION
1. Noise pollution measurements & control
2. effect on man and environment
BECH7: PROJECT ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Definition of project, Project management, Project Life cycle, Project types, Project over runs
2. The project manager: Role & Responsibilities Demands on PM

CHAPTER 2: PROJECT INITIATION

1. Feasibility reports of various types, project selection criteria
2. Numeric models of the project section 1 like: ROR, NPV
3. IRR, Profitability index (numerical problems included)
4. Technology selection criteria, site selection criteria
5. Project Licensing,
6. Basic & detailed engineering,
7. Guarantees.
8. Liabilities,
9. Risk
10. Insurance
11. Project Budgeting
CHAPTER 3: PROJECT CLEARANCES
1. Various Laws & regulations
2. List of various clearances
3. Intellectual property rights
4. Patents need for clearances and its influence on project management
5. LOI
CHAPTER 4: PROJECT ORGANIZATION
1. Various forms like pure project, matrix and mixed type
2. Project team
3. Responsibilities of various members
CHAPTER 5: PROJECT PLANNING
1. WBS & responsibility charts
2. Contracts of various types
3. Role of contractor
4. sub contractor
5. consultant
6. selection criteria & appointment
CHAPTER 6: PROJECT SCHEDULING & EXECUTION
1. Cpm, Pert, Gantt charts
2. LOB, resource allocation,
3. Material management
4. ABC analysis
5. VED analysis
6. EOQ, CAT, & RAT (numerical problems included)
CHAPTER 7: PROJECT MONITORING & CONTROL
1. Time and cost control tools & techniques
2. Fund flow control various of estimates
3. Project quality control
4. Importance of environmental and safety aspects
5. Role of communication in monitoring & control
CHAPTER 8: PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 9: PROJECT TERMINATION
1. Commissioning
2. Start UP
3. Stabilization
4. Close out

*****************