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  • Bearing Pressures For Rectangular Footings With Biaxial Uplift

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    kanario2006
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    Método Biaxial para el cálculo de presiones de contacto en fundaciones

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    Bearing Pressures for Rectangular Footings With Biaxial Uplift

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    Método Biaxial para el cálculo de presiones de contacto en fundaciones

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    188 visualizzazioni7 pagine

    Bearing Pressures For Rectangular Footings With Biaxial Uplift

    Caricato da

    kanario2006
    Método Biaxial para el cálculo de presiones de contacto en fundaciones

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
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    “sumptions are stated where necessary, and simplifying dis BEARING PRESSURES FOR RECTANGULAR FOOTINGS wits BraxtaL Urpiirr By Kenneth E. Wilson* ApsTRAcT: Footings that are subject to axial load and bending can have a portion of their footing area that {does not actin bearing. To design for such 2 loading condition, the engineer must compute the maximus bearing pressure, the bearing pressure at the remaining comers, the location of the line of zero preseure, and the per~ ‘centage of the spread footing area acting in bearing, For footings subject to bending about both principal axes, the solution of this problem can be quite cumbersome and litle design information is available to assist the engineer in solving this complex problem. This paper preseats 2 solution to this complex problem, including the general principles and assumptions upon which the solution is based, the derivation of the equations used to solve this problem for any number of nonbearing comers, design example Using the derived equations, and ® practical applications section, showing a sample computer application of the equations. This paper emphesizes practical design infomation for the practicing bridge engineer, INTRODUCTION Footings and foundations are frequently loaded with axial loads and with moments about both principal axes. Such = loading condition can cause the foundation to act in bearing ‘over only @ portion ofits area, Rectangular footings with no uplift are readily analyzed using principles of mechanics of rmaterils for combined axial and bending stesses. In addition, rectangular footings with uplift due to beading about only one principal axis are also relatively simple to analyze. However, rectangular footings with uplift due to bending about both principal exes can be quite dificult to analyze, ‘Several charts and diagrams are available to assist in the anal- ysis of such a rectangular footing (Standard 1992; Manual 1980; Plock 1963). However, inorder for the engineer to have a complete picture, the following information is often neces- sary during the design process: + Maximum bearing pressure + Bearing pressure at remaining foundation comers + Location of line of zero pressure + Percentage of footing area acting in bearing ‘The purpose of this paper is to present equations that may ‘be used by practicing bridge engineers to compute these nec essary components for the design of rectangular footings: As- gams are presented throughout the paper. In addition, some practical computer applications are presented to minimize the use of such cumbersome equations, to maximize the degree of accuracy during the design phase, and to provide a quick so- lution for the practicing bridge engineer. GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS AND PRINCIPLES ‘The following assumptions are made in the derivation of the equations presented in this paper: 1. The foundation is rectangular 2, The foundation behaves as a rigid body, and the bearing pressure can be computed based on principles of me- "Sr, Stouct Boge, Michael Baker I ines Alsport Of Park, Balla 3 420 Rouier Re, Comopois, PA 15108. "Nove. Discussion opea until July 1.1997, To extend the closing date fone month, a writen equest must be Bled with the ASCE Manager of Jeurmals. The manescipt for this paper was submited for review and poseile publication on Jannary 1), 1996, This paper is par of the Jour- ‘al of Bridge Engineering. Vol. 2, No.1, February, 1997. ASCE, ISSN 1084-0702/57/0001-0027=0035/84,00 + S.50 per page. Paper No. 12336 chanies of materials for combined axial and bending stresses. 3. The foundation has a planar stress diseibution, and the location of zero pressure is therefore lineas, 4. The bearing pressure can only be compressive in nature, and there ar no tensile bearing stesses. In other words, the material on which the foundation rests will not grip the foundation to hold it in place if uplift is present. In addition, the following general principles are used in the derivation of the equations: 1. The volume of the bearing pressure diagram equals the ‘magnitude of the axial load acting on the foundation. 2. The centroid of the bearing pressure diagram coincides with the location of the resultant load, IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF CORNERS IN BEARING ‘The first step in analyzing a rectangular footing with biaxial uplift is to determine the number of comers that are acting bearing. Presented in Fig. 1 is a chart showing the relationshi between the location of the resultant load and the number of ‘comers acting in bearing. The borders between the various zones are determined based on the boundary conditions far the equations that are subsequently presented for each zone ‘As Fig. 1 demonstrates, if the resultant load is located ‘within the kem of the foundation, which is defined by its thicd points, then the entire foundation acts in bearing and there is no uplift. This case may also be identified based on the general bearing pressure equation, given in (3), for a rectangular foot- ing with all four comers'in bearing. If the bearing pressure using the general bearing pressure equation, (3), is found FIG. 1. Number of Corners in Bearing (Numbers Represent To- tal Number of Footing Cornera Acting in Bearing for Resultant Load Located within That Region) JOURNAL OF BRIOGE ENGINEERING / FEBRUARY 1997 (27 SSR SSE PP eee E FIG. 2. Isometric View with Four Corners In Bearing Soe a Ex Uno ot 2 proses FIG. 3. Isometric View with Three Comers in Bearing a Usp tan preere Serer : perton) 3 dower seron) 8 per 4 (urbe portion) % Une et zero proseure FIG. 4. Plan View with Three Comers in Bearit View: (b) Plan View Showing Regions bbe of the same sign for all four comers, then the entire foun ation acts in bearing and the resultant load is located within he ker, ‘At the other extreme, it is also relatively simple to identify a loading condition in which only.one corner is acting in bearing. For such loading, the bearing pressure diagram is shaped like a pyramid, and its centroid is located one-fourth of the way from the centroid of the base to the vertex of the pyramid (Beyer 1984). Since the base is tiangular in shape and its centroid is located one-third of the way from each side 1 the opposite comer, it follows that the centroid of the pyr ‘amid is located one-fourth of the way from each vertical face to the opposite cornet, Therefore, in order for the foundation to have only one comer in bearing and the bearing pressure

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