Western Oregon University

ESOL Endorsement Program

Liliana Heller-Mafrica, Ed.D.
Fall 2012

LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.

Tuesday, October 23, 12

What is Linguistics?

Western Oregon University

ESOL Endorsement Program
Liliana Heller-Mafrica, Ed.D.
Fall 2012

LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.

Tuesday, October 23, 12

What are Linguistics?

Definition:

Linguistics is the study of language.

as a human phenomenon,
* study of grammar,
* social and psychological
dimensions
* historical and present day
relationships among languages
*

LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.

Tuesday, October 23, 12

WHAT
is
LINGUISTICS?

SOCIO
LINGUISTICS

PSYCHO
LINGUISTICS

FORMAL
APPLIED
LINGUISTICS LINGUISTICS

Source: Center for Applied Linguistics

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Tuesday, October 23, 12

Sociolinguistics
Definition:

Sub-divisions:

The study of language

as a social and
cultural phenomena.

Language variation
Language attitudes
Language planning
Lang./Social
interactions.

Linguists study language as a human phenomenon, study of grammar, social and psychological
aspects of language use, and the relationships among languages, both historical and present-day.
(Center for Applied Linguistics).
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Tuesday, October 23, 12

Sociolinguistics

Language Variation
Idolectic
Idiosyncratic
Dialects

Social Interactions
Language Functions
in the real world

differentiation by
investigating
factors such as
social class, age,
sex, and occupation.

DISCOURSE
ANALYSIS

PRAGMATICS

ETHNOGRAPHY
OF
COMMUNICATION

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Tuesday, October 23, 12

Language
Planning

Language
Attitudes

OFFICIAL POLICIES

SOCIAL ATTITUDES
TOWARD
LANGUAGE
VARIATIONS

Psycholinguistics
Definition:

Sub-divisions:

The study of
relationship between
linguistic and
psychological
behavior.

Language Acquisition
Verbal Processing

Psycholinguists study first and second language acquisition and how humans
store and retrieve linguistic information, referred to as verbal processing
(Center for Applied Linguistics).
LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.
Tuesday, October 23, 12

Psycholinguistics
Primary Language Acquisition

Second Language Acquistion

Verbal Processing
(productive & receptive skills)
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Tuesday, October 23, 12

Formal Linguistics
Definition:
The study of the
structures and
processes of
language.

Main schools of thought:

1.

Traditional/Prescriptive

2. Structuralist / Behavioralist
3. Generative /
Transformationalist.
LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.

Tuesday, October 23, 12

FORMAL
LINGUISTICS

TRADITIONAL
(Prescriptive
Grammar)

Grammar
Rules

STRUCTURALIST
(Behaviorists)
Skinner

GENERATIVE
(Transformative)
Chomsky

Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics

Universal
Grammar

LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.

Tuesday, October 23, 12

Applied Linguistics
Definition:
Apply theories of formal
linguistics,
sociolinguistics, &
psycholinguistics in a
wide variety of
socially useful ways.

Sub-divisions:
Language teaching
Literacy programs
L2-teaching methods
Socio-cultural
appropriate strategies
for language
acquisition.

Source: Excerpted from Center for Applied Linguistics

LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.
Tuesday, October 23, 12

Bibliography

Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structures. The Hague, Netherlands:

Mouton.
Chomsky, N. (1968). Language and mind. New York: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich.
Crystal, D. (1980). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics.
Cambridge: Basil Blackwell.
Elgin, S.H. (1979). What is linguistics? (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Fromkin, V., & Rodman, R. (1978). An introduction to language (2nd
ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Slobin, D.I. (1971). Psycholinguistics. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
Trudgill, P. (1983). Sociolinguistics: An introduction to language and
society (rev. ed.). Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin.

LHM Educational Consulting, LLC.

Tuesday, October 23, 12