CHOLERA

IS AN ACUTE DIARRHEAL
DISEASE THAT CAN KILL
WITHIN HOURS

CAUSED BY THE BACTERIUM

VIBRIO CHOLERAE
VERY SHORT INCUBATION
PERIOD (2 HOURS TO 5 DAYS)

KEY FACTS

PRIMARILY TRANSMITTED THROUGH

CONTAMINATED FOOD AND WATER
S/SX: PROFUSE, WATERY DIARRHEA;
NAUSEA AND VOMITING;
SOMETIMES MUSCLE CRAMPS
20% OF THE AFFECTED DEVELOP
SEVERE DEHYDRATION CAUSING
CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE

KEY FACTS

 DISEASE

UNKNOWN IN THE
AREA: A PERSON AGED 5 YEARS
OR MORE W/ SEVERE
DEHYDRATION OR WHO DIED
FROM ACUTE WATERY DIARRHEA

CASE DEFINITION

 DISEASE

ENDEMIC IN THE
AREA: A PERSON AGED 5
YEARS OR MORE WITH ACUTE
WATERY DIARRHEA W/ OR W/O
VOMITING

CASE DEFINITION

 IN

AN AREA WHERE THERE

IS A CHOLERA EPIDEMIC: A
PERSON WITH ACUTE
WATERY DIARRHEA

CASE DEFINITION

 CONFIRMED:

ISOLATION OF
V.CHOLERAE FROM STOOLS IN
ANY PATIENT WITH DIARRHEA

CASE DEFINITION

 REPORT

ALL CASES EVERY

FRIDAY OF THE WEEK TO THE
NEXT HIGHER LEVEL USING
THE CASE REPORT FORM
(CRF)

CASE DETECTION AND

REPORTING

 ONCE

THE PRESENCE OF CHOLERA IN AN

AREA HAS BEEN CONFIRMED, IT BECOMES
UNNECESSARY TO CONFIRM ALL
SUBSEQUENT CASES; SHIFT SHOULD BE
MADE TO USING PRIMARILY THE
SUSPECTED CASE CLASSIFICATION AND
TREATMENT OF SUSPECTED CASES

OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION
AND CONTROL

 MONITORING

AN EPIDEMIC
SHOULD, HOWEVER, INCLUDE
LABORATORY CONFIRMATION OF
A RANDOM OF CASES NEAR SAME
S/SX ON A CONTINUING BASIS

OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION
AND CONTROL

 STRENGTHEN

MANAGEMENT
AND TREATMENT OF CASES
ACCG TO THE NATIONAL
CHOLERA TREATMENT
GUIDELINES

OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION
AND CONTROL

WHEN CHOLERA APPEARS IN A

COMMUNITY, IT IS ESSENTIAL TO ENSURE:

PROPER DISPOSAL OF HUMAN FECES

ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF SAFE DRINKING
WATER
PROPER FOOD HANDLING

OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION
AND CONTROL

HEALTH EDUCATION OF
THE POPULATION AT
RISK AND
IMPROVEMENT OF
LIVING CONDITIONS ARE
ESSENTIAL PREVENTIVE
MEASURES